







 
   
     
       
         The perfect horseman, or, The experienced secrets of Mr. Markham's fifty years practice shewing how a man may come to be a general horseman, by the knowledge of these seven offices, viz. the breeder, feeder, ambler, rider, keeper, buyer, farrier / and now published by Lancelot Thetford, practitioner in the same art for the space of forty years.
         Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.
      
       
         This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A51971 of text R20972 in the  English Short Title Catalog (Wing M671). Textual changes  and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more  computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life.  The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with  MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish.  This text has not been fully proofread 
       Approx. 220 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 96 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images.
       
         EarlyPrint Project
         Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO
         2017
         A51971
         Wing M671
         ESTC R20972
         12226102
         ocm 12226102
         56504
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
             Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
            . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
          
        
      
       
         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A51971)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 56504)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 607:9)
      
       
         
           
             The perfect horseman, or, The experienced secrets of Mr. Markham's fifty years practice shewing how a man may come to be a general horseman, by the knowledge of these seven offices, viz. the breeder, feeder, ambler, rider, keeper, buyer, farrier / and now published by Lancelot Thetford, practitioner in the same art for the space of forty years.
             Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.
             Thetford, Lancelot.
          
           
             This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A51971 of text R20972 in the  English Short Title Catalog (Wing M671). Textual changes  and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more  computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life.  The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with  MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish.  This text has not been fully proofread 
           [15], 175 p., 1 leaf of plates.
           
             Printed for Humphrey Moseley ...,
             London :
             1656.
          
           
             Added t.p. engraved.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Horses.
           Horses -- Diseases.
           Horsemanship.
        
      
    
       A51971  R20972  (Wing M671).  civilwar no The perfect horseman: or The experienced secrets of Mr. Markham's fifty years practice. Shewing how a man may come to be a general horseman, Markham, Gervase 1656    41492 371 0 0 0 0 0 89 D  The  rate of 89 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the D category of texts with between 35 and 100 defects per 10,000 words. 
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        2005-07 Emma (Leeson) Huber
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        2005-10 pfs
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               The
               Perfect
               HORSEMAN
               Or
               the
               Experienc'd
               SECRETS
               of
               Mr.
               MARKHAMS
               50.
               
               Years
               PRACTICE
            
          
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           PERFECT
           HORSEMAN
           ▪
           OR
           THE
           Experienced
           SECRETS
           OF
           Mr.
           
           
             MARKHAM'S
          
           Fifty
           Years
           Practice
           .
           Shewing
           how
           a
           man
           may
           come
           to
           be
           a
           General
           Horseman
           ,
           By
           the
           knowledge
           of
           these
           Seven
           Offices
           ;
           
             VIZ.
          
           The
           BREEDER
           ,
           FEEDER
           ,
           AMBLER
           ,
           RIDER
           ,
           KEEPER
           ,
           BUYER
           ,
           FARRIER
           .
           And
           now
           Published
           by
           
             Lancelot
             Thetford
             ,
          
           Practitioner
           in
           the
           same
           Art
           for
           the
           space
           of
           Forty
           Years
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Second
             Edition
             .
          
        
         
           
             LONDON
             .
          
           Printed
           for
           
             Humphrey
             Moseley
             ,
          
           at
           the
           Prince's
           Arms
           in
           St.
           
             Pauls
          
           Church-yard
           .
           1656.
           
        
      
       
       
       
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           WEre
           not
           this
           the
           Of
           spring
           of
           a
           long
           Conception
           ,
           and
           (
           after
           above
           fifty
           years
           
             Experience
          
           )
           fitted
           for
           the
           birth
           ,
           I
           would
           not
           now
           produce
           it
           into
           the
           World
           ,
           since
           so
           many
           of
           the
           same
           kind
           have
           already
           crept
           in
           before
           it
           ,
           that
           this
           can
           scarce
           expect
           the
           least
           portion
           of
           your
           
             Acceptation
             :
          
           Yet
           when
           I
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           (
           notwithstanding
           all
           
             Mr
             MARKHAMS
          
           Promises
           in
           his
           former
           Bookes
           to
           lay
           open
           his
           
             Cabinet
             Councels
          
           )
           you
           shall
           here
           find
           many
           most
           
             Rare
             Secrets
          
           of
           his
           ,
           and
           yet
           not
           so
           much
           his
           own
           ,
           as
           his
           most
           intimate
           Friends
           ,
           The
           
             Publisher
             her●of
             ,
          
           to
           whom
           as
           a
           
             Legacy
             ,
          
           he
           bequeathed
           them
           ,
           and
           by
           whom
           since
           ,
           for
           his
           private
           
           use
           and
           experience
           ,
           and
           with
           most
           
             approved
             success
             ,
          
           they
           have
           been
           practised
           for
           above
           Forty
           years
           :
           For
           there
           is
           no
           part
           of
           
             HORSEMANSHIP
             ,
          
           either
           for
           the
           
             Theorick
          
           or
           
             Practick
             ,
          
           but
           is
           here
           exactly
           discovered
           :
           For
           
             Breeding
             ,
          
           here
           is
           the
           
             manner
          
           how
           ,
           the
           
             season
          
           when
           ,
           the
           
             place
          
           where
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           
             Colours
             ,
             Marks
          
           and
           
             Shapes
             ,
          
           as
           well
           of
           
             Stallions
          
           as
           
             Mares
             .
          
           The
           
             Feeder
             ,
             Rider
             ,
             Keeper
             ,
             Ambler
          
           and
           
             Buyer
             ,
          
           have
           here
           their
           most
           particular
           Instructions
           ;
           but
           above
           all
           ,
           the
           
             Farrier
          
           (
           be
           he
           never
           so
           skilful
           )
           may
           hereby
           perfect
           his
           knowledg
           ,
           and
           inrich
           himself
           .
           But
           whoever
           thou
           bee'st
           that
           buyest
           it
           ,
           whether
           for
           thy
           
             pleasure
          
           or
           
             profit
             ,
          
           if
           thou
           art
           pleased
           ,
           I
           have
           my
           ends
           .
        
         
           Farewel
           .
        
      
       
       
         
           
             A
             TABLE
             Of
             the
             things
             handled
             in
             the
             OFFICE
             OF
             THE
             BREEDER
             .
          
           
             OBservations
             in
             the
             breeding
             of
             horses
             .
             page
             1
          
           
             Choice
             of
             grounds
             ,
             2
          
           
             Change
             of
             grounds
             ,
             3
          
           
             Choice
             of
             Stallions
             and
             Mares
             ,
             ibid
             :
          
           
             The
             Age
             of
             Stallions
             ,
             &c.
             5
          
           
             When
             to
             put
             Horse
             and
             Mares
             together
             ,
             6
          
           
             When
             Mares
             are
             fit
             for
             Horse
             ,
             7
          
           
             How
             to
             put
             them
             together
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             How
             many
             Mares
             for
             one
             Horse
             ,
             8
          
           
             Ordering
             after
             covering
             ,
             9
          
           
           
             To
             help
             Mares
             in
             foaling
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             How
             long
             Foals
             to
             run
             ,
             &c.
             10
          
           
             To
             know
             true
             shape
             ,
             height
             and
             spirit
             ,
             11
          
           
             To
             know
             goodness
             ,
             &c.
             12
          
           
             Of
             weaning
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Separating
             ,
             13
          
           
             Guelding
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Taming
             ,
             14
          
           
             Breaking
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Colting
             .
             15
          
        
         
           
             A
             Table
             of
             the
             Rider
             .
          
           
             OBservations
             in
             Riding
             ,
             page
             17
          
           
             Times
             to
             handle
             Colts
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             When
             to
             Sadle
             ,
             19
          
           
             Mounting
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Backing
             ;
             21
          
           
             Helps
             at
             the
             first
             Backing
             ,
             22
          
           
             What
             lessons
             for
             what
             horse
             ,
             23
          
           
             Helps
             and
             Corrections
             ,
             24
          
           
             Rod
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Bit
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Calves
             of
             the
             legs
             ,
             25
          
           
             Stirrop
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Spur
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Ground
             ,
             26
          
           
             Large
             Rings
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
           
             Stopping
             ,
             28
          
           
             Advancing
             ,
             ibid
             ,
          
           
             Retiring
             ,
             29
          
           
             Biting
             ,
             ibid
             :
          
           
             Strait
             turns
             and
             turnings
             ,
             30
          
           
             The
             first
             strait
             turn
             ,
             30
          
           
             Another
             strait
             turn
             ,
             33
          
           
             To
             help
             an
             ill
             rain
             ,
             or
             a
             run-away
             Jade
             ,
             &c.
             34
          
           
             The
             help
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Another
             help
             for
             inconstant
             carriage
             ,
             35
          
           
             How
             any
             Lady
             may
             spur
             her
             horse
             as
             well
             as
             any
             man
             ,
             yet
             unperceived
             ,
             36
          
        
         
           
             A
             Table
             of
             the
             Feeder
             .
          
           
             AN
             Introduction
             to
             the
             work
             ,
             touching
             the
             limitation
             of
             time
             for
             preparing
             the
             running
             Horse
             ,
             page
             39
          
           
             The
             first
             ordering
             of
             the
             running
             Horse
             according
             to
             the
             several
             estates
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             46
          
           
             The
             first
             fortnights
             feeding
             ,
             49
          
           
             Four
             considerations
             in
             Heats
             ,
             57
          
           
             The
             second
             fortnights
             feeding
             ,
             58
          
           
             The
             first
             Bread
             ,
             59
          
           
             The
             first
             scouring
             ,
             65
          
           
             Ordering
             after
             the
             scouring
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             The
             third
             fortnights
             feeding
             ,
             69
          
           
           
             The
             second
             Breed
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             The
             fourth
             fortnights
             feeding
             ,
             70
          
           
             The
             last
             Breed
             .
             ibid.
          
           
             Certain
             observations
             and
             advantages
             ,
             &c.
             35
          
           
             Observe
             meat
             and
             drink
             ,
             76
          
           
             For
             Lameness
             ,
             77
          
           
             From
             the
             estate
             of
             the
             body
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             From
             the
             prime
             parts
             ,
             78
          
           
             For
             Limbes
             ,
             79
          
           
             For
             Water
             ,
             ibid
             :
          
           
             For
             ground
             to
             run
             on
             ,
             80
          
           
             From
             Sweat
             ,
             81
          
           
             From
             the
             Hayre
             ,
             ibid.
          
        
         
           
             A
             Table
             of
             the
             Keeper
             .
          
           
             To
             keep
             an
             Horse
             for
             pleasure
             ,
             hunting
             or
             travelling
             ,
             &c.
             83
          
           
             Dressing
             and
             watering
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Ordinary
             keeping
             ,
             85
          
           
             Keeping
             in
             travel
             or
             sport
             ,
             86
          
           
             Of
             Heats
             ,
             87
          
           
             Ordering
             after
             labour
             ,
             88
          
           
             Some
             especial
             precepts
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Of
             washing
             and
             walkings
             ,
             89
          
        
         
         
           
             A
             Table
             of
             the
             Ambler
             .
          
           
             OBservations
             in
             Ambling
             ,
             91
          
           
             Mens
             Opinions
             and
             Errors
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Ambling
             by
             the
             ploughed
             Field
             ,
             92
          
           
             By
             Gallop
             ,
             93
          
           
             Weights
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Not
             Ridden
             ,
             94
          
           
             By
             Shooes
             ,
             95
          
           
             By
             Lists
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             By
             the
             Hund
             ,
             96
          
           
             By
             Tramell
             ,
             97
          
           
             Errors
             in
             the
             Tramel
             ,
             98
          
           
             The
             best
             way
             ,
             1●0
          
           
             The
             form
             of
             the
             Tramel
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             The
             true
             use
             of
             the
             true
             Tramel
             ,
             103
          
           
             When
             to
             alter
             the
             Tramel
             ,
             104
          
           
             When
             to
             mount
             ,
             &c.
             105
          
           
             When
             to
             journey
             ,
             &c.
             106
          
        
         
           
             A
             Table
             of
             the
             Buyer
             .
          
           
             OF
             all
             the
             Perfections
             and
             Imperfections
             in
             an
             Horse
             ,
             109
          
           
             Observations
             in
             Buying
             ,
             ib.
          
           
             The
             end
             ,
             110
          
           
           
             Election
             divided
             ,
             111
          
           
             The
             first
             rule
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             Breed
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             Colour
             ,
             112
          
           
             Paces
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             Stature
             ,
             115
          
           
             Second
             rule
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             How
             to
             view
             ,
             116
          
           
             Ears
             ,
             Face
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             Eyes
             Cheeks
             ,
             117.
             118.
             
          
           
             Nostrils
             ,
             Teeth
             ,
             119
          
           
             Brest
             ,
             Forethighs
             ,
             knees
             120
          
           
             Legs
             ,
             Pasterns
             ,
             121
          
           
             Hoofs
             ,
             122
          
           
             Crest
             ,
             Main
             ,
             123
          
           
             Back
             ,
             Ribs
             ,
             &c.
             ibid
             ,
          
           
             Buttocks
             ,
             124
          
           
             Hind-thighs
             ,
             125
          
           
             Hind-legs
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             Tail
             ,
             126
          
           
             To
             know
             age
             ,
             ibid
          
        
         
           
             A
             Table
             of
             the
             Farrier
             .
          
           
             SIgns
             of
             sickness
             ,
             page
             132
          
           
             Of
             Dung
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             Of
             Urin
             ;
             134
          
           
             Of
             Sickness
             ,
             135
          
           
           
             Of
             Diahexaple
             ,
             137
          
           
             The
             Vertues
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             A
             drink
             to
             open
             ,
             136
          
           
             Cordiall
             Balls
             ;
             ibid
          
           
             For
             Bottes
             ,
             141
          
           
             Another
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             A
             Purgation
             ,
             142
          
           
             Laxativeness
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             The
             stone
             ,
             143
          
           
             Staling
             blood
             ,
             ibd
          
           
             Cold
             and
             Coughs
             ,
             144
          
           
             Another
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Another
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Another
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             Another
             ,
             146
          
           
             A
             Cordial
             Powder
             ,
             ibid.
          
           
             For
             colds
             and
             Canker
             in
             the
             nose
             ,
             147
          
           
             For
             Glanders
             ,
             ibid
          
           
             Another
             ,
             148
          
           
             Another
             ,
             ib.
          
           
             A
             scouring
             ,
             149
          
           
             Outward
             Sorrances
             .
             
               
                 Signs
                 ,
                 150
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 eyes
                 ,
                 153
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 154
              
               
                 The
                 Mastar
                 Medicine
                 for
                 all
                 strains
                 ,
                 155
              
               
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 156
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 157
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 158
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 Marks
                 ,
                 159
              
               
                 Sinews
                 extended
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 160
              
               
                 A
                 charge
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 For
                 A●hes
                 ,
                 161
              
               
                 Gourded
                 Leggs
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 163
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 For
                 Scratches
                 ,
                 164
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 For
                 Splent
                 ,
                 Spaven
                 ,
                 165
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 166
              
               
                 Wyngals
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Pains
                 ,
                 Mules
                 ,
                 167
              
               
                 Swiftcut
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Maunge
                 ,
                 168
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Canker
                 and
                 Leprosie
                 ,
                 169
              
               
                 Affistula
                 ,
                 &c
                 ▪
                 ibid.
              
               
                 A
                 Fare
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 170
              
               
                 For
                 a
                 founder
                 ,
                 &c.
                 ibid.
              
               
                 For
                 Hoofs
                 ,
                 171
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 172
              
               
               
                 For
                 Surbait
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Quitterbone
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 170
              
               
                 For
                 a
                 prick
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 For
                 Chaffing
                 ,
                 174
              
               
                 A
                 General
                 salv●
                 ,
                 ibid.
              
               
                 Sadle-Bruises
                 ,
                 172
              
               
                 Another
                 ,
                 173
              
               
                 To
                 make
                 hair
                 to
                 grow
                 in
                 bald
                 places
                 ,
                 174
              
               
                 To
                 stanch
                 blood
                 ,
                 ib.
              
               
                 For
                 enterfering
                 ,
                 175
              
               
                 To
                 tame
                 an
                 unruly
                 Horse
                 ,
                 ib.
              
            
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
       
       
         THE
         PERFECT
         HORSE-MAN
         .
      
       
         
           The
           office
           of
           the
           BREEDER
           .
        
         
           Observations
           in
           Breeding
           of
           HORSES
           .
        
         
           MEN
           may
           imagine
           I
           harp
           upon
           one
           string
           ,
           or
           tread
           the
           old
           paths
           in
           which
           I
           walked
           in
           my
           first
           years
           .
           But
           let
           them
           not
           deceive
           themselves
           :
           the
           meanders
           and
           windings
           in
           which
           I
           now
           labour
           ,
           are
           of
           a
           new
           discovery
           ;
           and
           howsoever
           I
           may
           now
           and
           then
           come
           under
           the
           same
           height
           ,
           yet
           shall
           he
           that
           follows
           me
           find
           it
           so
           removed
           ,
           that
           it
           shall
           bring
           him
           ●
           much
           neerer
           way
           to
           his
           journies
           end
           .
           For
           i●
           these
           short
           Essays
           I
           have
           striven
           only
           to
           amend
           
           mend
           errors
           overslipt
           before
           ,
           and
           to
           acquaint
           my
           friends
           with
           all
           those
           uncontrollable
           experiments
           which
           I
           have
           found
           out
           since
           in
           forty
           years
           and
           more
           :
           And
           believe
           it
           ,
           he
           is
           an
           ill
           Proficient
           that
           in
           such
           a
           time
           cannot
           find
           (
           in
           the
           Art
           he
           professeth
           )
           something
           worthy
           his
           friends
           acceptation
           .
           Therfore
           thus
           to
           my
           Breeder
           .
        
         
           
             Chóice
             of
             Grounds
             .
          
           
             The
             Grounds
             to
             breed
             on
             would
             be
             spatious
             ,
             and
             not
             strait
             ,
             for
             Horses
             joy
             not
             in
             Cages
             .
             There
             accommodate
             according
             to
             your
             Stock
             ;
             and
             though
             the
             more
             the
             merrier
             ,
             yet
             the
             fewer
             the
             better
             fare
             .
             They
             would
             not
             be
             extreme
             fertile
             ,
             nor
             extreme
             barren
             ;
             the
             golden
             mean
             is
             the
             best
             temper
             :
             yet
             to
             incline
             a
             little
             to
             hardness
             ,
             is
             better
             then
             much
             rankness
             ;
             the
             one
             breeds
             health
             ,
             the
             other
             disease
             .
          
           
             Let
             the
             Situation
             be
             ascending
             ,
             the
             Air
             pure
             ,
             the
             Laire
             dry
             ,
             and
             the
             Foot-tread
             firm
             ,
             no
             matter
             how
             rough
             or
             incertain
             ▪
          
           
             As
             much
             Ground
             as
             will
             keep
             a
             Milch-Cow
             ,
             will
             keep
             a
             Milch-Mare
             ,
             and
             a
             great
             dealless
             when
             she
             is
             barren
             or
             unwrought
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Change
             of
             Grounds
             .
          
           
             Again
             ,
             as
             Change
             of
             Pasture
             makes
             fat
             Calves
             ,
             so
             Alteration
             of
             Grounds
             raises
             gallant
             Colts
             .
             Therefore
             strive
             to
             have
             one
             Ground
             to
             foal
             in
             ,
             another
             to
             summer
             in
             ,
             and
             a
             third
             to
             winter
             in
             .
             The
             first
             to
             be
             without
             danger
             ,
             the
             second
             not
             without
             shelter
             ,
             and
             the
             third
             defended
             from
             storms
             and
             tempests
             by
             Trees
             ,
             Hovel
             ,
             Shed
             ,
             Barn
             or
             Backstable
             ,
             wherein
             may
             be
             stored
             winter-provision
             .
          
           
             Thus
             far
             for
             those
             which
             have
             ability
             .
             But
             for
             them
             which
             must
             breed
             for
             necessity
             ,
             let
             his
             Yard
             ,
             Back-side
             ,
             or
             Stable
             serve
             to
             foal
             in
             ,
             the
             white
             Corn-fields
             to
             summer
             in
             ,
             and
             the
             Cratch
             or
             Stand-heck
             to
             winter
             at
             .
          
        
         
           
             Choice
             of
             Stallions
             and
             Mares
          
           
             Next
             the
             Change
             of
             Grounds
             ,
             I
             place
             the
             Choice
             of
             Stallions
             and
             Mares
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             Theme
             I
             have
             so
             oft
             written
             of
             ,
             that
             I
             must
             needs
             refer
             the
             Curious
             to
             those
             larger
             Volumes
             ,
             and
             only
             in
             this
             place
             say
             ,
             That
             for
             as
             much
             as
             all
             men
             covet
             to
             be
             governed
             by
             their
             own
             passions
             ,
             therefore
             I
             leave
             them
             to
             their
             own
             choice
             ,
             and
             the
             end
             for
             which
             they
             breed
             ;
             yet
             advising
             them
             ,
             that
             of
             those
             Races
             
             of
             which
             they
             make
             election
             ,
             they
             choose
             the
             best
             and
             a
             blest
             ,
             the
             highest
             spirited
             ,
             the
             fairest
             coloured
             ,
             and
             the
             finest
             shaped
             ;
             whether
             it
             be
             Neapolitan
             ,
             Turk
             ,
             Spaniard
             ,
             Barbary
             ,
             English
             ,
             Dutch
             ,
             Polander
             ,
             French
             or
             German
             .
             And
             because
             it
             is
             impossible
             to
             finde
             out
             absolute
             perfection
             ,
             I
             would
             have
             our
             Breeder
             to
             inform
             himself
             well
             of
             all
             the
             natural
             defects
             that
             can
             be
             found
             in
             the
             Stallion
             ,
             and
             to
             amend
             them
             in
             the
             Mare
             that
             shall
             be
             joined
             with
             him
             ;
             and
             what
             is
             amiss
             in
             the
             Mare
             ,
             to
             see
             it
             repaired
             in
             the
             Horse
             .
          
           
             For
             any
             singular
             election
             of
             Mares
             ,
             the
             Breeder
             need
             not
             be
             too
             curious
             ;
             only
             observe
             ,
             that
             if
             you
             can
             get
             true
             breed
             ,
             you
             then
             pass
             by
             the
             bastard
             ;
             if
             you
             may
             have
             the
             the
             gentleman
             ,
             never
             make
             use
             of
             the
             clown
             .
             But
             when
             you
             are
             tyed
             by
             necessity
             or
             compulsion
             ,
             then
             see
             the
             mare
             have
             a
             good
             forehand
             ,
             a
             large
             womb
             ,
             sound
             limbs
             ,
             fair
             colour
             ,
             and
             good
             metal
             .
             For
             the
             rest
             ,
             let
             nature
             alone
             ,
             she
             is
             a
             brave
             Mistress
             .
          
           
             Now
             for
             those
             Breeders
             which
             look
             not
             so
             much
             into
             the
             breed
             and
             generation
             of
             the
             Horse
             ,
             as
             into
             his
             actions
             and
             good
             dayes
             works
             ;
             accounting
             because
             he
             hath
             won
             such
             a
             wager
             ,
             or
             beaten
             such
             a
             horse
             ,
             therefore
             he
             must
             necessarily
             be
             an
             excellent
             Stallion
             :
             let
             them
             know
             they
             are
             deceived
             ;
             for
             this
             is
             no
             good
             consequence
             ;
             no
             more
             then
             if
             a
             
             robustrous
             strong
             skillfull
             Clown
             should
             give
             a
             weak
             unskilfull
             Gentlemen
             a
             fall
             ,
             therefore
             all
             the
             Clown-breed
             should
             be
             excellent
             wrastlers
             .
             This
             can
             hold
             for
             no
             Maxim
             ;
             for
             I
             am
             perswaded
             ,
             that
             let
             a
             Gentleman
             have
             either
             skill
             to
             encounter
             strength
             ,
             or
             strength
             to
             encounter
             skill
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             clown
             that
             can
             foil
             him
             .
             In
             like
             manner
             a
             Clown-horse
             by
             training
             ,
             feeding
             ,
             and
             riding
             ,
             may
             beat
             a
             true
             bred
             horse
             ;
             but
             when
             they
             encounter
             upon
             equal
             terms
             ,
             Truth
             will
             shew
             herself
             for
             a
             mistress
             .
             Therefore
             in
             this
             case
             of
             Breeding
             ,
             get
             as
             neer
             as
             you
             can
             true
             Breed
             ,
             and
             it
             will
             seldom
             or
             never
             bring
             forth
             Repentance
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Age
             of
             Stallions
             and
             Mares
             :
          
           
             A
             Horse
             may
             beget
             good
             Colts
             from
             four
             years
             old
             to
             fourteen
             ;
             after
             ,
             he
             declineth
             :
             and
             a
             Mare
             may
             bring
             forth
             from
             three
             years
             old
             to
             thirteen
             ,
             and
             then
             she
             decayeth
             :
             yet
             are
             neither
             utterly
             lost
             ,
             but
             both
             may
             be
             made
             to
             serve
             for
             the
             same
             use
             a
             much
             longer
             season
             .
          
           
             Moderate
             labour
             is
             good
             for
             Breed
             of
             Mares
             ,
             when
             they
             go
             over
             ;
             for
             it
             maketh
             them
             apt
             to
             take
             the
             horse
             ,
             and
             soon
             to
             conceive
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             When
             to
             put
             Horse
             and
             Mare
             together
             .
          
           
             The
             absolute
             best
             time
             to
             put
             the
             horse
             and
             Mares
             together
             ,
             is
             the
             beginning
             of
             
               March
               ,
            
             provided
             there
             be
             strength
             and
             lust
             in
             both
             .
             For
             ,
             the
             earlier
             the
             Foal
             falleth
             ,
             finding
             no
             want
             or
             scarceness
             ,
             the
             better
             Horse
             is
             ever
             produced
             :
             And
             so
             consequently
             from
             the
             beginning
             of
             
               May
               ;
            
             the
             Foals
             that
             fall
             after
             such
             a
             time
             cannot
             chuse
             but
             have
             imperfection
             in
             some
             condition
             .
             For
             they
             have
             two
             great
             enemies
             to
             encounter
             withal
             (
             not
             before
             known
             )
             which
             daily
             fall
             upon
             them
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             Hunger
             and
             Cold
             ,
             with
             which
             the
             early
             Foal
             hath
             been
             before
             familiar
             .
          
           
             There
             be
             some
             Horsemen
             which
             hold
             that
             the
             Lammas
             Foal
             proves
             ever
             an
             excellent
             Horse
             ;
             and
             I
             dissent
             not
             from
             it
             ,
             where
             there
             is
             plenty
             and
             fulness
             of
             keeping
             ;
             for
             he
             knows
             the
             worst
             of
             Winter
             before
             Summer
             appear
             ,
             and
             so
             may
             be
             good
             and
             hard
             ;
             but
             if
             he
             chance
             to
             be
             pinched
             with
             either
             ,
             the
             smalnes
             of
             his
             statute
             will
             lessen
             his
             goodness
             ,
             and
             his
             weakness
             make
             useless
             his
             hardness
             .
          
           
             The
             Lammas
             Foals
             are
             commonly
             known
             by
             many
             obscure
             feathers
             out
             of
             their
             own
             sights
             ,
             as
             under
             their
             eyes
             ,
             upon
             their
             necks
             ,
             crests
             ,
             and
             under
             their
             chaps
             .
             To
             conclude
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             good
             to
             put
             the
             Horse
             to
             the
             Mares
             
             at
             all
             ,
             till
             you
             find
             some
             ready
             ,
             (
             speaking
             of
             a
             general
             putting
             together
             )
             for
             so
             the
             Horse
             loseth
             his
             strength
             unfruitfully
             ,
             and
             she
             gets
             nothing
             but
             chasing
             and
             mischiefs
             .
          
        
         
           
             When
             Mares
             are
             fit
             for
             the
             Horse
             .
          
           
             To
             know
             when
             your
             Mares
             are
             ready
             (
             if
             it
             be
             in
             a
             wild
             Stud
             )
             observe
             their
             chasing
             and
             galloping
             up
             and
             down
             morning
             &
             evening
             ,
             and
             their
             inconstancie
             of
             abiding
             in
             any
             one
             place
             ,
             especially
             throwing
             their
             noses
             to
             the
             North
             and
             South
             ,
             the
             lifting
             up
             of
             their
             tails
             ,
             riding
             one
             anothers
             backs
             ,
             wooding
             one
             another
             ,
             oft
             pissing
             ,
             or
             opening
             of
             their
             shares
             and
             closing
             them
             again
             ,
             all
             are
             signs
             of
             lust
             :
             if
             you
             will
             make
             a
             more
             particular
             trial
             ,
             then
             prove
             them
             with
             some
             stoned
             Tit
             or
             Jade
             .
          
        
         
           
             How
             to
             put
             them
             together
             .
          
           
             When
             your
             Mares
             are
             ready
             ,
             the
             question
             is
             how
             they
             shall
             be
             put
             together
             ,
             whether
             abroad
             at
             random
             for
             sundry
             weeks
             ,
             or
             at
             home
             in
             private
             for
             a
             night
             or
             two
             ?
          
           
             If
             abroad
             ,
             let
             your
             fence
             be
             good
             ,
             your
             food
             sweet
             ,
             and
             your
             shelter
             sufficient
             .
             If
             in
             the
             house
             ,
             then
             in
             some
             empty
             Barn
             or
             spacious
             place
             ,
             which
             may
             be
             free
             from
             danger
             of
             posts
             or
             other
             occasion
             of
             rushes
             :
             And
             
             let
             them
             remain
             from
             sunset
             till
             sunrise
             ,
             and
             two
             nights
             are
             sufficient
             .
          
           
             Now
             there
             is
             a
             third
             manner
             of
             covering
             ,
             and
             I
             preferr
             it
             for
             the
             best
             ,
             because
             it
             keeps
             the
             Stallion
             longer
             in
             ability
             ,
             and
             serves
             the
             Mare
             with
             a
             great
             deal
             more
             certainty
             :
             And
             that
             is
             ,
             first
             to
             be
             sure
             to
             have
             them
             both
             at
             one
             dyet
             ,
             as
             the
             Mare
             at
             grass
             and
             the
             horse
             at
             soil
             ;
             then
             finding
             the
             Mare
             (
             by
             tryal
             )
             ready
             ,
             put
             them
             together
             into
             some
             closewalled
             Paddock
             ,
             where
             there
             is
             store
             of
             sweet
             grass
             and
             sweet
             water
             ,
             just
             upon
             the
             going
             down
             of
             the
             sun
             ,
             and
             as
             neer
             as
             you
             can
             observe
             ,
             either
             three
             days
             after
             the
             change
             ,
             or
             three
             days
             before
             the
             full
             of
             the
             Moon
             ,
             and
             let
             them
             remain
             close
             together
             two
             whole
             nights
             and
             one
             day
             ,
             and
             take
             the
             horse
             from
             her
             at
             sunrise
             .
          
        
         
           
             How
             many
             Mares
             for
             one
             Horse
             .
          
           
             If
             you
             cover
             abroad
             (
             as
             I
             spake
             before
             ,
             at
             random
             )
             an
             Horse
             may
             well
             serve
             twelve
             Mares
             ,
             if
             you
             expect
             no
             other
             service
             of
             him
             .
             If
             you
             cover
             in
             the
             house
             ,
             where
             he
             hath
             extraordinary
             keeping
             and
             little
             chasing
             ,
             he
             will
             satisfie
             fifteen
             :
             But
             if
             you
             cover
             in
             the
             Paddock
             ,
             then
             I
             have
             known
             an
             high
             spirited
             Horse
             for
             own
             year
             serve
             to
             keep
             you
             Mares
             ●n
             an
             indifferent
             estate
             of
             body
             ;
             for
             too
             much
             
             fatness
             hinders
             conception
             ,
             and
             too
             much
             leanness
             abates
             lust
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ordering
             after
             Covering
             .
          
           
             After
             your
             Mares
             are
             covered
             ,
             keep
             them
             as
             much
             as
             you
             can
             from
             disturbance
             ,
             especially
             for
             a
             moneth
             after
             covering
             ,
             and
             a
             moneth
             before
             quickning
             :
             yet
             if
             necessity
             compell
             ,
             you
             may
             give
             them
             moderate
             exercise
             either
             in
             journeying
             or
             otherwise
             :
             yet
             remember
             ,
             if
             you
             keep
             the
             Mare
             in
             the
             house
             at
             had
             meat
             ,
             she
             will
             spring
             early
             and
             much
             ,
             and
             sudden
             cold
             after
             is
             dangerous
             for
             imborsement
             .
             Also
             remember
             that
             a
             Mare
             at
             her
             first
             quickning
             is
             like
             a
             Fruit-tree
             ,
             whose
             Blossoms
             at
             the
             first
             appearance
             are
             tender
             and
             easily
             destroyed
             with
             every
             shake
             of
             wind
             ,
             or
             nip
             of
             Frost
             ;
             but
             after
             they
             are
             knit
             and
             fixt
             ,
             they
             are
             hardly
             beaten
             down
             with
             cudgels
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             help
             Mares
             in
             Foaling
             .
          
           
             If
             any
             of
             your
             Mares
             be
             hard
             of
             foaling
             ,
             or
             in
             danger
             in
             foaling
             ,
             then
             either
             hold
             her
             nostrils
             so
             that
             she
             cannot
             draw
             wind
             :
             or
             if
             that
             prevail
             not
             ,
             then
             take
             the
             quantity
             of
             a
             Walnut
             or
             better
             of
             Madder
             ,
             and
             dissolve
             it
             in
             a
             pint
             of
             old
             Ale
             ,
             and
             being
             warm
             give
             it
             
             the
             Mare
             .
             If
             both
             fail
             ,
             then
             take
             the
             help
             of
             some
             understanding
             Midwife
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             after
             her
             foaling
             she
             do
             not
             cleans●
             or
             avoid
             her
             Secundine
             ,
             then
             boil
             two
             or
             three
             handfull
             of
             Fennel
             in
             running
             water
             ,
             and
             take
             half
             a
             pint
             thereof
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             Malmsie
             ,
             with
             a
             fourth
             part
             of
             Sallet-oil
             ,
             and
             mixing
             them
             together
             give
             it
             the
             Mare
             luke-warm
             into
             her
             nostrils
             ,
             then
             hold
             them
             close
             a
             little
             space
             after
             it
             :
             otherwise
             for
             want
             of
             this
             give
             her
             green
             forrage
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             either
             green
             Wheat
             or
             Rye
             ,
             (
             but
             Rye
             is
             best
             )
             and
             they
             are
             as
             effectual
             .
          
           
             By
             no
             means
             let
             the
             Mare
             eat
             her
             cleansing
             (
             which
             many
             will
             cove●
             )
             for
             it
             is
             unwho●som
             ,
             and
             an
             hinderance
             to
             her
             milk
             .
          
        
         
           
             How
             long
             Foals
             to
             run
             with
             their
             Dams
             .
          
           
             Let
             Foals
             run
             with
             their
             Dams
             (
             if
             you
             have
             go●d
             accommodation
             for
             them
             )
             a
             full
             year
             at
             the
             least
             ;
             or
             if
             they
             be
             choice
             and
             principal
             bred
             Foals
             ,
             then
             two
             years
             ,
             if
             possibly
             you
             can
             :
             For
             the
             going
             over
             the
             Mare
             will
             be
             no
             loss
             ,
             in
             comparison
             of
             the
             excellenc●●
             to
             which
             the
             Foal
             will
             attain
             by
             such
             suff●●●nce
             But
             if
             you
             want
             good
             accommodation
             ▪
             th●n
             wean
             at
             seven
             moneths
             ,
             but
             be
             sure
             ●●
             keep
             them
             lustily
             ;
             for
             what
             they
             lose
             in
             the
             first
             year
             ,
             they
             will
             hardly
             gain
             in
             
             three
             following
             .
             And
             at
             the
             weaning
             give
             them
             saven
             and
             butt●r
             for
             divers
             mornings
             ,
             or
             the
             Worm
             or
             Gargel
             will
             hazard
             to
             destroy
             them
             :
             Besides
             ▪
             have
             an
             eye
             to
             the
             Strangle
             ,
             for
             it
             is
             apt
             to
             assay
             them
             ,
             and
             not
             taken
             in
             time
             will
             prove
             mortal
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             winter
             ,
             spare
             neither
             Hay
             nor
             Corn
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             Oats
             in
             the
             chaff
             or
             in
             the
             sheaf
             ;
             the
             cha●fing
             of
             Wheat
             ,
             Barley
             ,
             or
             Rye
             ,
             and
             indeed
             any
             Offal
             that
             comes
             from
             any
             Grain
             whatsoever
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             know
             a
             true
             Shape
             ,
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             Height
             .
          
           
             The
             same
             shape
             which
             a
             Foal
             carries
             at
             a
             full
             month
             old
             ,
             he
             will
             carry
             at
             six
             years
             old
             ,
             if
             he
             be
             not
             abused
             in
             after-keeping
             ;
             and
             as
             the
             good
             shape
             ,
             so
             the
             defects
             also
             .
          
           
             A
             large
             shin-bone
             that
             is
             long
             from
             the
             knee
             to
             the
             pastern
             in
             a
             Foal
             ,
             shews
             a
             tall
             Horse
             .
             Look
             what
             space
             there
             is
             in
             a
             Foal
             new
             foaled
             ,
             between
             his
             knee
             and
             withers
             ,
             double
             that
             will
             be
             his
             height
             when
             he
             is
             a
             compleat
             Horse
             .
          
           
             Foals
             that
             are
             of
             stirring
             spirits
             ,
             free
             from
             affrights
             ,
             wanton
             of
             disposition
             ,
             active
             in
             leaping
             ,
             running
             and
             chasing
             ,
             ever
             leading
             the
             way
             and
             striving
             for
             mastery
             ,
             these
             always
             prove
             excellent
             metal'd
             horse●
             ,
             the
             contrary
             Jades
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             To
             know
             Goodness
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             a
             Rule
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             a
             good
             one
             ,
             that
             an
             Horses
             ability
             ,
             and
             continuance
             in
             goodness
             is
             known
             by
             his
             Hoofs
             :
             For
             if
             they
             be
             strong
             ,
             smooth
             ,
             hard
             ,
             deep
             ,
             tough
             ,
             uprightstanding
             ,
             and
             hollow
             ,
             that
             Horse
             cannot
             be
             evil
             .
             For
             they
             are
             the
             foundation
             of
             his
             building
             ,
             and
             lend
             fortitude
             to
             all
             the
             rest
             .
             If
             they
             be
             otherwise
             ,
             he
             cannot
             be
             good
             or
             lasting
             :
             Whence
             it
             comes
             to
             pass
             ,
             that
             no
             Horse
             naturally
             hath
             so
             good
             hoofs
             as
             the
             
               Barbary
               ;
            
             and
             it
             is
             indeed
             the
             only
             character
             by
             which
             to
             know
             him
             from
             all
             other
             horses
             .
          
        
         
           
             Weaning
             of
             Foals
             .
          
           
             Wean
             your
             ordinary
             Foals
             from
             their
             Dams
             at
             the
             end
             of
             seven
             months
             at
             the
             utmost
             ;
             the
             better
             ,
             at
             a
             year
             ,
             two
             ,
             or
             more
             .
             And
             observing
             so
             to
             divide
             them
             ,
             that
             neither
             the
             Foals
             nor
             the
             Dams
             may
             be
             within
             the
             hearing
             of
             one
             anothers
             call
             .
             For
             which
             cause
             it
             is
             thought
             fit
             to
             house
             the
             Foals
             for
             two
             or
             three
             nights
             ,
             (
             on
             the
             mornings
             whereof
             you
             shall
             give
             the
             Saven
             and
             Butter
             before
             spoken
             of
             )
             that
             they
             may
             forget
             the
             Dams
             ;
             and
             send
             the
             Mares
             to
             their
             Pasture
             .
             Also
             observe
             to
             keep
             them
             as
             high
             as
             is
             possible
             the
             
             second
             year
             ;
             but
             the
             third
             and
             fourth
             year
             you
             may
             put
             them
             to
             harder
             grasing
             .
          
        
         
           
             Separating
             of
             Colts
             :
          
           
             As
             you
             separate
             Foals
             from
             the
             Dams
             ,
             so
             you
             must
             divide
             the
             Mare-Colts
             :
             for
             it
             is
             certain
             ,
             that
             amongst
             these
             high-bred
             spirits
             ▪
             and
             with
             this
             lofty
             and
             full
             feeding
             ,
             the
             Hors-Colts
             will
             cove●
             to
             cover
             the
             Mare-Colts
             at
             a
             year
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             seen
             by
             experience
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             the
             destruction
             of
             both
             .
             Again
             ,
             if
             you
             have
             such
             store
             of
             grounds
             ,
             you
             may
             separate
             one
             years
             Breed
             from
             another
             .
             This
             is
             the
             safest
             course
             ,
             because
             of
             continual
             familiarity
             for
             change
             of
             quality
             .
          
        
         
           
             Gelding
             of
             Colts
             .
          
           
             If
             you
             intend
             to
             geld
             any
             of
             your
             Colts
             ▪
             the
             only
             best
             time
             ,
             and
             which
             maketh
             the
             finest
             Geldings
             ,
             is
             at
             nine
             days
             old
             ,
             or
             as
             soon
             as
             you
             perceive
             the
             stones
             to
             fall
             ;
             for
             then
             is
             the
             least
             danger
             ,
             and
             it
             maketh
             f●●est
             Crests
             .
             The
             time
             of
             the
             Moon
             to
             geld
             in
             ,
             is
             in
             the
             Wane
             ,
             the
             sign
             in
             
               Aries
            
             or
             
               Virgo
               ;
            
             the
             time
             of
             the
             year
             in
             generall
             is
             the
             Spring
             or
             Fall
             ▪
             and
             although
             the
             earlier
             you
             geld
             ,
             the
             better
             and
             safer
             ,
             yet
             notwithstanding
             you
             may
             safely
             geld
             at
             any
             time
             or
             any
             age
             ,
             even
             from
             Foal
             
             old
             age
             ;
             and
             although
             the
             elder
             ,
             the
             greater
             swelling
             ,
             yet
             more
             exercise
             and
             more
             chasing
             will
             asswage
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Taming
             of
             Colts
             .
          
           
             Touching
             the
             taming
             of
             Colts
             ,
             or
             making
             them
             domestick
             or
             familiar
             ,
             you
             shall
             begin
             even
             from
             the
             first
             weaning
             ,
             and
             so
             winter
             after
             winter
             (
             in
             the
             house
             )
             use
             them
             to
             familiar
             actions
             ,
             as
             rubbing
             ,
             clawing
             ,
             haltering
             ,
             leading
             to
             water
             ,
             taking
             up
             of
             his
             feet
             ,
             knocking
             his
             hoofs
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             Break
             Colts
             .
          
           
             The
             best
             time
             to
             break
             Colts
             to
             the
             saddle
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             antient
             opinion
             and
             general
             custom
             of
             men
             ,
             (
             and
             which
             brings
             them
             soonest
             to
             the
             use
             and
             service
             of
             the
             Owner
             ,
             and
             therein
             supposed
             to
             be
             most
             profitable
             )
             is
             at
             three
             years
             old
             ,
             and
             the
             advantage
             or
             four
             at
             the
             utmost
             .
             But
             say
             I
             ,
             he
             that
             will
             stay
             and
             see
             his
             horse
             fully
             five
             ,
             shall
             be
             sure
             to
             have
             an
             horse
             of
             longer
             continuance
             ,
             less
             subject
             to
             disease
             and
             infirmity
             ,
             and
             one
             that
             (
             but
             by
             death
             )
             will
             hardly
             come
             to
             the
             knowledge
             of
             Tyring
             .
          
           
             All
             the
             actions
             about
             a
             Colt
             in
             his
             nonage
             ,
             or
             an
             Horse
             to
             break
             at
             elder
             age
             ,
             must
             b●
             
             done
             first
             with
             warning
             ,
             next
             constantly
             and
             valiantly
             ,
             not
             fearfully
             or
             doubtfully
             :
             The
             first
             begetteth
             obedience
             ,
             the
             other
             rebellion
             .
          
        
         
           
             Coiling
             of
             the
             Stud.
             
          
           
             Touching
             the
             coiling
             of
             the
             Stud
             ,
             or
             makeing
             of
             special
             elections
             ,
             I
             need
             not
             spend
             much
             ink
             ,
             because
             the
             Owner
             best
             knowes
             which
             are
             best
             bred
             ,
             and
             his
             eyes
             can
             tell
             him
             where
             is
             the
             best
             shape
             and
             soundness
             .
             I
             only
             advise
             him
             by
             no
             means
             to
             make
             too
             early
             coiling
             :
             for
             some
             borses
             will
             shew
             their
             best
             shape
             at
             two
             and
             three
             years
             old
             ,
             and
             lose
             it
             at
             four
             ,
             others
             not
             till
             five
             ,
             nay
             six
             ,
             but
             then
             keep
             it
             ever
             :
             Some
             will
             do
             their
             best
             dayes
             work
             at
             six
             and
             seven
             years
             old
             ,
             others
             not
             till
             eight
             or
             nine
             .
             But
             be
             the
             time
             when
             it
             will
             ,
             let
             him
             preserve
             for
             his
             own
             use
             the
             best
             ,
             the
             most
             comely
             ,
             and
             most
             sound
             .
             Those
             which
             are
             defective
             ,
             I
             mean
             such
             as
             bring
             incurable
             deformities
             ,
             gross
             sorrances
             ,
             as
             Spavens
             ,
             Ringbones
             ,
             imperfect
             Eyes
             ,
             or
             the
             like
             ,
             or
             that
             shew
             palpable
             barstardie
             ,
             send
             them
             away
             to
             the
             market
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             find
             any
             of
             your
             Mares
             grow
             into
             barrenness
             ,
             unnaturalness
             ,
             or
             disease
             ,
             away
             with
             them
             ,
             and
             change
             them
             .
          
           
           
             For
             all
             ,
             though
             I
             could
             prescribe
             you
             remedies
             ,
             yet
             they
             are
             not
             worthy
             your
             use
             ,
             nor
             will
             I
             ●ue
             your
             loss
             :
             Therefore
             let
             such
             Mares
             go
             ,
             for
             their
             profit
             is
             past
             ,
             and
             they
             are
             useless
             .
          
        
         
           Thus
           much
           touching
           Breeding
           :
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           OFFICE
           OF
           THE
           RIDER
           .
        
         
           Observations
           in
           Riding
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           not
           intended
           that
           in
           these
           few
           Observations
           or
           short
           Touches
           I
           should
           discover
           the
           whole
           Art
           of
           Riding
           ;
           it
           neither
           fits
           the
           brevity
           of
           the
           work
           ,
           norsuits
           with
           my
           first
           promise
           in
           the
           title
           .
        
         
           He
           that
           looks
           for
           such
           largeness
           of
           discourse
           ,
           I
           refer
           him
           to
           my
           greater
           Volumes
           ;
           in
           this
           onely
           to
           be
           found
           things
           new
           ,
           things
           certain
           ,
           set
           down
           in
           way
           of
           principles
           or
           infallible
           Rules
           ,
           to
           conduct
           a
           man
           the
           easiest
           way
           to
           some
           perfection
           .
        
         
           
             Times
             to
             handle
             Colts
             .
          
           
             To
             begin
             then
             with
             the
             first
             taming
             or
             making
             gentle
             of
             a
             Colt
             (
             as
             I
             shewed
             you
             in
             the
             Observations
             for
             Breeding
             )
             you
             must
             begin
             the
             first
             winter
             after
             his
             foaling
             ,
             and
             so
             continue
             every
             winter
             till
             he
             come
             to
             the
             
             sa●dle
             ,
             which
             time
             I
             have
             also
             set
             down
             in
             the
             same
             place
             ;
             and
             then
             there
             is
             no
             fear
             of
             evil
             qualities
             .
             But
             if
             a
             Colt
             of
             contrary
             education
             come
             to
             your
             hands
             and
             must
             be
             handled
             ,
             ●hen
             apply
             him
             with
             all
             gentleness
             ,
             and
             do
             nothing
             about
             him
             suddenly
             ,
             roughly
             ,
             o●
             fearfully
             ;
             yet
             with
             that
             awe
             of
             your
             voice
             ,
             your
             rod
             ,
             and
             other
             terror
             ,
             make
             him
             know
             you
             are
             his
             Master
             when
             he
             rebelleth
             .
             And
             when
             you
             begin
             to
             do
             nay
             thing
             about
             him
             (
             of
             what
             nature
             soever
             )
             never
             leave
             it
             ;
             only
             take
             leisure
             ,
             and
             rather
             win
             it
             by
             gentleness
             ▪
             then
             cruelty
             ,
             Forget
             not
             to
             give
             the
             hor●●
             reward
             ,
             when
             he
             gives
             content
             ;
             and
             by
             no
             mean●
             punish
             ,
             till
             you
             are
             sure
             he
             knows
             his
             error
             ;
             for
             before
             you
             give
             him
             understanding
             ,
             it
             is
             im●ossible
             he
             should
             obey
             .
          
           
             Neither
             doth
             this
             taming
             of
             a
             Colt
             consist
             in
             the
             house
             only
             ,
             but
             in
             the
             field
             also
             ,
             where
             with
             a
             Cavezan
             or
             Chain
             ,
             and
             a
             long
             Rei●
             with
             an
             iron
             Turnel
             under
             his
             chaps
             ,
             you
             shall
             make
             him
             trot
             large
             Rings
             about
             you
             readily
             on
             both
             hands
             ,
             and
             change
             at
             your
             pleasure
             as
             you
             shall
             turn
             him
             .
             And
             then
             to
             your
             cherishings
             ,
             corrections
             ,
             and
             all
             manner
             of
             handlings
             which
             before
             you
             had
             used
             i●
             the
             house
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             When
             to
             Saddle
             .
          
           
             When
             your
             Horse
             is
             thus
             made
             gentle
             you
             may
             then
             offer
             him
             the
             Saddle
             :
             but
             with
             that
             deliberate
             carefulness
             ,
             that
             he
             may
             not
             take
             affright
             or
             dislike
             thereat
             ;
             suffering
             him
             to
             smell
             at
             it
             ,
             to
             be
             rubbed
             with
             it
             ,
             and
             as
             it
             were
             to
             feel
             it
             and
             not
             to
             feel
             it
             ;
             then
             in
             the
             end
             to
             fix
             it
             on
             ,
             and
             girt
             it
             fast
             ;
             and
             at
             what
             part
             and
             motion
             soever
             he
             seems
             most
             coy
             ,
             with
             that
             make
             him
             most
             familiar
             .
          
           
             When
             he
             will
             endure
             the
             Saddle
             ,
             then
             trot
             him
             abroad
             with
             it
             ,
             and
             make
             him
             (
             as
             before
             )
             trot
             his
             Rings
             on
             both
             hands
             about
             you
             ,
             clap
             the
             Saddle
             as
             it
             stands
             on
             his
             back
             ▪
             shake
             it
             ,
             hang
             and
             sway
             upon
             it
             ,
             dangle
             the
             stirrops
             by
             his
             sides
             ,
             rub
             them
             on
             his
             sides
             ,
             and
             make
             much
             of
             him
             ,
             and
             familiar
             with
             all
             things
             about
             him
             ,
             as
             the
             straining
             of
             the
             Crooper
             ,
             fastning
             and
             loosning
             the
             Gyrths
             ,
             and
             taking
             up
             or
             letting
             out
             of
             the
             Stirrops
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Mo●thing
          
           
             When
             he
             will
             trot
             with
             the
             Saddle
             obediently
             ,
             then
             you
             shall
             wash
             a
             Trench
             of
             a
             ful
             mouth
             ,
             and
             somwhat
             worn
             ,
             and
             put
             it
             into
             his
             mouth
             ,
             and
             throw
             the
             Reins
             over
             the
             fore
             part
             of
             the
             saddle
             ▪
             Bolsters
             and
             all
             ,
             and
             
             make
             them
             of
             the
             length
             ,
             that
             the
             Horse
             may
             have
             a
             full
             feeling
             of
             the
             Trench
             ,
             and
             a
             sense
             to
             play
             on
             the
             same
             :
             Then
             put
             on
             a
             Martingal
             ,
             and
             fix
             it
             from
             the
             Gyrths
             to
             the
             Chaulband
             of
             the
             Cavezan
             ;
             but
             at
             that
             length
             ,
             that
             the
             Horse
             may
             not
             find
             fault
             ,
             unless
             he
             disorderly
             throw
             up
             his
             head
             .
          
           
             Then
             take
             a
             broad
             peece
             of
             Leather
             ,
             and
             put
             it
             about
             the
             Horses
             neck
             ,
             and
             make
             the
             two
             ends
             fast
             by
             platting
             or
             otherwise
             at
             the
             Withers
             and
             mid-part
             before
             his
             Weisand
             ▪
             about
             two
             handfull
             below
             his
             Throple
             :
             be
             twixt
             his
             neck
             and
             the
             leather
             let
             the
             Martingal
             pass
             ;
             so
             that
             when
             at
             any
             time
             he
             shal
             offer
             to
             duck
             or
             throw
             down
             his
             head
             ,
             the
             Cavesan
             being
             placed
             upon
             the
             tender
             griss●
             of
             his
             nose
             ,
             may
             correct
             and
             punish
             him
             .
             By
             which
             means
             he
             shall
             not
             only
             lose
             that
             fo●●
             quality
             of
             winning
             the
             head
             and
             thrusting
             i●
             between
             his
             legs
             ,
             but
             also
             gain
             the
             way
             o●
             raising
             up
             his
             neck
             ,
             bringing
             down
             his
             head
             ▪
             and
             fashioning
             himself
             to
             an
             absolute
             Rein
             .
          
           
             The
             Horse
             thus
             accoutred
             ,
             trot
             him
             abroad
             as
             before
             shewed
             ,
             and
             chase
             him
             about
             you
             on
             both
             hands
             .
             And
             if
             you
             find
             either
             the
             Reins
             of
             the
             Trench
             or
             Martingal
             to
             grow
             slack
             ,
             then
             straiten
             them
             ;
             for
             where
             there
             i●
             no
             feeling
             there
             is
             no
             vertue
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Of
             Backing
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             have
             exercised
             your
             horse
             thus
             divers
             mornings
             ,
             noons
             or
             evenings
             ,
             and
             find
             him
             both
             tractable
             ,
             ready
             and
             obedient
             ,
             you
             may
             then
             take
             him
             into
             some
             new
             ploughed
             ground
             (
             the
             lighter
             ,
             the
             better
             )
             and
             hav●g
             chased
             him
             a
             little
             on
             both
             hands
             ,
             and
             seeing
             all
             your
             tackle
             firm
             ,
             strong
             and
             good
             ,
             and
             every
             thing
             in
             his
             true
             and
             due
             place
             ,
             you
             may
             then
             (
             having
             one
             to
             stay
             his
             head
             ,
             and
             govern
             the
             Chasing
             rein
             )
             take
             his
             back
             ;
             yet
             not
             suddenly
             ,
             but
             by
             degrees
             ,
             and
             with
             divers
             heavings
             and
             half-raisings
             .
             Which
             if
             he
             endure
             patiently
             ,
             then
             you
             may
             take
             the
             reins
             of
             the
             trench
             into
             your
             hands
             and
             settle
             your self
             .
             But
             if
             he
             shrink
             or
             dislike
             ,
             then
             forbear
             to
             mount
             ,
             and
             chase
             him
             about
             him
             again
             ;
             then
             offer
             to
             mount
             ;
             and
             thus
             do
             till
             he
             receive
             you
             willingly
             .
             Then
             when
             you
             are
             setled
             ,
             have
             received
             your
             stirrups
             ,
             and
             cherisht
             him
             ,
             putting
             your
             toes
             forward
             ,
             let
             him
             that
             stays
             his
             head
             lead
             him
             forward
             half
             a
             dozen
             paces
             ,
             then
             both
             cherish
             him
             ,
             then
             lead
             him
             forward
             a
             dozen
             paces
             ,
             then
             rest
             and
             cherish
             ,
             and
             shake
             and
             move
             your self
             in
             the
             saddle
             :
             then
             let
             him
             that
             stays
             his
             head
             ,
             remove
             his
             hand
             a
             little
             from
             the
             Cavezan
             ;
             and
             as
             you
             thrust
             forward
             your
             toes
             ,
             so
             let
             him
             also
             
             move
             him
             forward
             with
             his
             Rein
             ,
             till
             you
             have
             made
             the
             Horse
             apprehend
             your
             own
             motions
             of
             body
             and
             foot
             (
             which
             must
             go
             equally
             together
             ,
             and
             with
             spirit
             also
             )
             so
             that
             he
             will
             go
             forward
             without
             the
             other
             assistance
             ,
             and
             stay
             upon
             the
             restraint
             of
             your
             own
             hand
             ,
             and
             not
             the
             stay
             of
             the
             Cavezan
             :
             then
             you
             shall
             cherish
             him
             ,
             and
             give
             him
             grass
             or
             bread
             to
             eat
             ,
             alight
             from
             his
             back
             ,
             then
             mount
             and
             unmount
             twice
             or
             thrice
             together
             ever
             mixing
             them
             with
             cherishings
             .
             Thus
             exercise
             him
             till
             you
             have
             made
             him
             perfect
             in
             going
             forward
             ,
             and
             standing
             still
             ,
             at
             your
             pleasure
             .
          
        
         
           
             Helps
             at
             first
             Backing
             .
          
           
             When
             this
             is
             effected
             ,
             you
             may
             lay
             by
             the
             long
             Rein
             ,
             and
             the
             Band
             about
             the
             neck
             ,
             and
             only
             use
             the
             Trenches
             ,
             the
             Cavezan
             ,
             and
             the
             Martingal
             ;
             and
             instead
             of
             leading
             in
             hand
             ,
             let
             a
             Groom
             on
             another
             Horse
             lead
             the
             way
             before
             you
             into
             the
             field
             :
             where
             you
             shall
             not
             strive
             to
             teach
             him
             any
             other
             lesson
             ,
             then
             to
             go
             strait
             forthright
             forward
             ,
             and
             to
             stand
             still
             when
             you
             please
             :
             which
             will
             be
             effected
             in
             a
             few
             mornings
             ,
             by
             trotting
             him
             forward
             a
             mile
             or
             two
             after
             another
             horse
             ,
             and
             so
             bring
             him
             home
             sometimes
             after
             the
             horse
             ,
             sometimes
             equally
             with
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             before
             ,
             
             so
             that
             he
             may
             fix
             upon
             no
             certainty
             but
             your
             own
             pleasure
             .
             And
             in
             all
             this
             labour
             you
             must
             have
             a
             special
             regard
             to
             the
             wellcarriage
             of
             his
             head
             and
             neck
             ;
             and
             as
             the
             Martingal
             slacketh
             ,
             so
             to
             straiten
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             What
             Lessons
             for
             what
             Horse
             .
          
           
             When
             this
             work
             is
             finished
             ,
             you
             may
             then
             proceed
             to
             teach
             your
             horse
             those
             lesson●
             which
             are
             fit
             for
             his
             practice
             and
             the
             purpose
             for
             which
             you
             intend
             him
             .
             As
             if
             it
             be
             for
             Hunting
             ,
             Running
             ,
             Travel
             ,
             Hackney
             ,
             or
             the
             like
             ,
             then
             the
             chiefest
             things
             you
             are
             to
             apply
             your self
             unto
             ,
             are
             to
             preserve
             a
             good
             mouth
             ,
             to
             trot
             freely
             and
             comely
             ,
             to
             amble
             surely
             and
             easily
             ,
             to
             gallop
             strongly
             and
             swiftly
             ,
             to
             obey
             the
             hand
             in
             stopping
             gently
             and
             retiring
             willingly
             ,
             and
             to
             turn
             on
             either
             hand
             readily
             and
             nimbly
             .
             To
             all
             which
             I
             will
             give
             you
             lights
             in
             their
             severall
             places
             .
             But
             if
             you
             intend
             him
             for
             the
             great
             saddle
             ,
             or
             the
             use
             of
             the
             wars
             ,
             then
             although
             the
             lessons
             be
             the
             same
             ,
             yet
             they
             are
             to
             be
             taught
             and
             done
             in
             a
             more
             punctual
             manner
             ,
             and
             ask
             more
             nice
             and
             artificial
             demonstrations
             .
             So
             that
             if
             an
             horse
             can
             be
             brought
             to
             the
             best
             ,
             the
             easier
             must
             needs
             follow
             with
             little
             industry
             .
             And
             it
             is
             a
             Rule
             in
             Horsmanship
             ,
             that
             no
             lesson
             which
             belongs
             to
             the
             wars
             can
             be
             hurtfull
             or
             
             do
             injury
             to
             any
             horse
             whatsoever
             that
             is
             kept
             for
             any
             other
             purpose
             .
             Whence
             it
             cometh
             ,
             that
             every
             horse
             for
             the
             wars
             may
             be
             train'd
             for
             a
             Runner
             or
             Hunter
             at
             pleasure
             ;
             but
             every
             Runner
             or
             Hunter
             will
             not
             serve
             the
             wars
             :
             And
             every
             Horsman
             that
             can
             make
             an
             horse
             for
             the
             wars
             ,
             may
             be
             a
             Jocky
             when
             he
             pleases
             ;
             but
             no
             Jocky
             (
             that
             I
             know
             )
             can
             make
             an
             horse
             for
             the
             wars
             .
             Therefore
             I
             will
             run
             a
             middle
             way
             ,
             and
             suit
             my
             lessons
             for
             both
             purposes
             .
          
        
         
           
             Helps
             and
             Corrections
             .
          
           
             Before
             you
             teach
             your
             Horse
             any
             lesson
             ,
             you
             must
             know
             there
             are
             seven
             helps
             to
             advantage
             him
             in
             his
             lessons
             ,
             to
             punish
             him
             for
             faults
             gotten
             in
             his
             lessons
             ;
             and
             they
             be
             the
             Voice
             ,
             the
             Rod
             ,
             the
             Bit
             or
             Snafflle
             ,
             the
             Calves
             of
             the
             legs
             ,
             the
             Stirrop
             ,
             the
             Spur
             ,
             and
             the
             Ground
             .
          
           
             
               Voice
               .
            
             
               The
               Voice
               is
               an
               help
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               sweet
               and
               accompanied
               with
               cherishings
               and
               it
               is
               a
               correction
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               rough
               or
               terrible
               ,
               and
               accompanied
               with
               strokes
               or
               threatnings
               :
            
          
           
             
               Rod
               .
            
             
               The
               Rod
               is
               an
               help
               in
               the
               shaking
               ,
               and
               a
               correction
               in
               the
               striking
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               Bit
               or
               Snaffle
               .
            
             
               The
               Bit
               is
               an
               help
               in
               its
               sweetness
               ,
               the
               Snaffle
               in
               its
               smoothness
               ;
               and
               they
               are
               corrections
               ,
               the
               one
               in
               its
               hardness
               ,
               the
               other
               in
               its
               roughness
               ,
               and
               both
               in
               flatness
               and
               squareness
               .
            
          
           
             
               Calves
               of
               the
               Legs
               .
            
             
               The
               Calves
               of
               the
               legs
               are
               helps
               when
               you
               lay
               them
               gently
               to
               the
               horses
               sides
               ;
               and
               corrections
               when
               you
               strike
               them
               hard
               ,
               because
               they
               give
               warning
               that
               the
               Spur
               follows
               .
            
             
               The
               Stirrop
               and
               Stirrop
               leathers
               are
               helps
               when
               you
               thrust
               them
               forward
               in
               a
               quick
               motion
               ,
               and
               stir
               up
               in
               the
               horse
               spirit
               and
               agility
               .
               But
               when
               you
               strike
               it
               against
               the
               hinder
               part
               of
               the
               shoulder
               ,
               it
               is
               a
               correction
               and
               awakens
               memory
               .
            
          
           
             
               Spur.
               
            
             
               The
               Spur
               is
               an
               help
               when
               it
               is
               gently
               delivered
               in
               any
               motion
               that
               asks
               quickness
               and
               agility
               ,
               whether
               on
               the
               ground
               or
               above
               the
               ground
               ;
               and
               a
               correction
               ,
               when
               is
               stricken
               hard
               into
               the
               sides
               ,
               upon
               any
               sloth
               or
               other
               fault
               committed
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               The
               Ground
               .
            
             
               Lastly
               ,
               the
               Ground
               is
               an
               help
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               plain
               and
               smooth
               ,
               and
               not
               painfull
               to
               tread
               on
               ;
               and
               it
               is
               a
               correction
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               rough
               ,
               deep
               ,
               and
               uneven
               ,
               for
               the
               amendment
               of
               any
               vice
               conceived
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Of
             large
             Rings
             .
          
           
             When
             your
             horse
             will
             receive
             you
             to
             and
             ,
             from
             his
             back
             g●ntly
             ,
             trot
             forward
             willingly
             ,
             and
             stand
             still
             obediently
             :
             Then
             ,
             intending
             him
             f●●
             the
             wars
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             purpose
             ,
             (
             for
             these
             lessons
             serve
             all
             occasions
             )
             you
             shall
             in
             some
             gravel●y
             or
             sandy
             place
             where
             his
             footsteps
             m●y
             ●e
             discerned
             ,
             labor
             him
             within
             the
             large
             Ring
             ,
             that
             is
             at
             least
             fifty
             paces
             in
             compass
             ;
             and
             having
             trod
             it
             about
             three
             or
             four
             times
             on
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             rest
             and
             cherish
             ,
             then
             taking
             compass
             ,
             change
             your
             hand
             and
             do
             as
             much
             on
             the
             left
             hand
             ,
             then
             rest
             and
             cherish
             ;
             then
             change
             the
             hand
             again
             ,
             and
             do
             as
             much
             on
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             ever
             observing
             upon
             every
             stop
             to
             make
             him
             retire
             and
             go
             back
             a
             step
             or
             two
             .
          
           
             ▪
             Thus
             labour
             the
             horse
             till
             you
             have
             him
             so
             perfect
             ,
             that
             he
             will
             trot
             his
             ring
             on
             which
             hand
             you
             please
             ;
             changing
             within
             the
             ring
             
             in
             the
             manner
             of
             a
             Roman
             S.
             with
             such
             willingness
             ,
             nimbleness
             ,
             and
             constant
             rein
             ,
             that
             you
             can
             desire
             no
             better
             obedience
             .
             Then
             you
             may
             teach
             him
             to
             gallop
             them
             as
             he
             did
             trot
             them
             ,
             and
             that
             also
             with
             true
             footing
             ,
             lofty
             carriage
             ,
             and
             brave
             rein
             :
             Ever
             observing
             when
             he
             gallops
             to
             the
             right
             hand
             ,
             to
             lead
             with
             his
             left
             fore-foot
             ;
             and
             when
             he
             gallops
             to
             the
             left
             hand
             ,
             to
             lead
             with
             his
             right
             fore-feet
             .
          
           
             Now
             here
             is
             to
             be
             cleered
             a
             Parodox
             held
             by
             many
             of
             our
             Horsmen
             ,
             which
             is
             ,
             that
             the
             exercise
             of
             Rings
             is
             not
             good
             for
             Running
             horses
             ,
             because
             it
             raises
             up
             his
             fore-feet
             ,
             and
             makes
             him
             gallop
             painfully
             ,
             and
             so
             an
             hindrance
             unto
             speed
             .
             But
             if
             they
             consider
             that
             this
             habit
             (
             if
             it
             be
             taken
             )
             is
             soon
             broken
             either
             by
             the
             horsmans
             hand
             or
             discretion
             ,
             who
             hath
             power
             to
             make
             him
             move
             as
             he
             pleaseth
             Or
             if
             they
             will
             truly
             look
             into
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             Ring
             it self
             ,
             they
             shall
             fine
             it
             is
             the
             only
             means
             to
             bring
             an
             horse
             to
             the
             true
             use
             of
             his
             feet
             ,
             and
             the
             nimble
             carriage
             of
             them
             in
             all
             advantages
             .
             For
             every
             Runner
             of
             horses
             will
             allow
             ,
             that
             for
             an
             horse
             (
             in
             his
             course
             )
             to
             lead
             with
             his
             right
             foot
             ,
             is
             most
             proper
             ;
             and
             when
             at
             any
             time
             he
             breakes
             or
             alter●
             it
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             disadvantage
             ,
             because
             (
             not
             well
             acquainted
             to
             lead
             with
             the
             other
             )
             he
             cannot
             handle
             it
             so
             nimbly
             .
             Now
             at
             his
             first
             backing
             ,
             
             by
             the
             use
             of
             his
             Ring
             and
             change
             of
             hands
             ,
             he
             will
             become
             so
             expert
             and
             coming
             with
             both
             ,
             that
             howsoever
             mischance
             shall
             alter
             his
             stroke
             ,
             yet
             shall
             his
             speed
             and
             nimbleness
             keep
             one
             and
             the
             same
             goodness
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Stopping
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             come
             to
             the
             place
             of
             stop
             ,
             or
             would
             stop
             ;
             by
             a
             sudden
             drawing
             in
             of
             our
             Bridle-hand
             somwhat
             hard
             and
             sharp
             ,
             make
             him
             stop
             close
             ,
             firm
             and
             strait
             in
             an
             eaven
             line
             :
             and
             if
             he
             erre
             in
             any
             thing
             ,
             put
             him
             to
             it
             again
             ,
             and
             leave
             not
             till
             you
             have
             made
             him
             understand
             his
             error
             ,
             and
             amend
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Advancing
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             you
             do
             accompany
             this
             Stop
             with
             an
             Advancement
             a
             little
             from
             the
             ground
             ,
             it
             will
             be
             more
             gallant
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             done
             by
             laying
             the
             Calves
             of
             your
             legs
             to
             his
             sides
             ,
             and
             shaking
             your
             rod
             over
             him
             as
             he
             stops
             .
             If
             it
             chance
             at
             first
             he
             understand
             you
             not
             ,
             yet
             by
             continuance
             and
             labouring
             him
             therein
             he
             will
             soon
             attain
             unto
             it
             ,
             especially
             if
             you
             forget
             not
             to
             cherish
             him
             when
             he
             gives
             the
             least
             shew
             to
             apprehend
             you
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Retiring
             .
          
           
             After
             stopping
             and
             advancing
             ,
             make
             him
             retire
             ,
             as
             before
             shewed
             .
             And
             this
             motion
             of
             Retiring
             you
             must
             both
             cherish
             and
             increase
             ,
             making
             it
             so
             familiar
             with
             him
             ,
             that
             no
             lesson
             may
             be
             more
             perfect
             :
             Neither
             must
             he
             retire
             in
             a
             confused
             or
             disorderly
             manner
             ,
             but
             with
             a
             brave
             rein
             ,
             a
             constant
             head
             ,
             and
             a
             direct
             line
             :
             Neither
             must
             he
             draw
             or
             sweep
             his
             legs
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             but
             take
             them
             clean
             ,
             nimbly
             ,
             and
             lostily
             ,
             as
             when
             he
             troted
             forward
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Bitting
             .
          
           
             When
             your
             horse
             is
             come
             to
             perfection
             in
             these
             lessons
             ,
             and
             hath
             his
             head
             firmly
             setled
             ,
             his
             rein
             constant
             ,
             and
             his
             mouth
             sweetned
             ,
             you
             may
             then
             (
             if
             you
             intend
             him
             for
             the
             wars
             )
             take
             away
             his
             Trench
             and
             Martingal
             ,
             and
             only
             use
             the
             Cavezan
             of
             four
             or
             three
             pieces
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             a
             Joint
             or
             no
             Joint
             in
             the
             midst
             ,
             and
             to
             that
             Joint
             a
             strong
             Ring
             ,
             and
             a
             Joint
             of
             each
             side
             with
             Rings
             before
             the
             Joints
             ,
             to
             which
             you
             shall
             put
             several
             Reins
             to
             use
             either
             at
             the
             post
             or
             otherwise
             Into
             his
             mouth
             you
             shall
             put
             a
             smooth
             sweet
             Canon-Bit
             with
             a
             French
             Cheek
             suitable
             to
             the
             proportion
             
             of
             the
             Horses
             neck
             ;
             knowing
             that
             the
             long
             Cheek
             raises
             up
             the
             head
             ,
             and
             the
             short
             pulls
             it
             down
             .
             And
             with
             these
             you
             shall
             exercise
             the
             Horse
             in
             all
             the
             Lessons
             before
             taught
             ,
             till
             he
             be
             perfect
             in
             them
             without
             either
             disorder
             or
             amazement
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             strait
             Turns
             and
             Turnings
             .
          
           
             When
             he
             is
             thus
             setled
             upon
             his
             Bit
             ,
             then
             you
             shall
             teach
             him
             to
             turn
             roundly
             and
             readily
             in
             the
             straiter
             Rings
             :
             and
             of
             these
             there
             are
             divers
             kinds
             ,
             and
             divers
             methods
             and
             manners
             how
             to
             teach
             them
             .
             All
             which
             I
             will
             omit
             ,
             and
             only
             fix
             upon
             two
             manner
             of
             strait
             Turns
             ,
             as
             the
             persection
             from
             whence
             all
             Turnings
             are
             derived
             .
          
           
             The
             one
             is
             ,
             when
             the
             Horse
             keepeth
             his
             hinder
             parts
             inward
             and
             close
             to
             the
             post
             or
             center
             ,
             and
             so
             cometh
             about
             and
             makes
             his
             circumference
             with
             his
             fore-parts
             ,
             following
             an
             enemy
             that
             a
             little
             avoids
             him
             .
          
           
             And
             the
             other
             is
             ,
             when
             he
             keeps
             his
             fact
             fixt
             on
             the
             post
             or
             center
             ,
             and
             comes
             about
             and
             makes
             his
             circumference
             with
             his
             hinder
             parts
             ,
             opposing
             face
             to
             face
             with
             his
             enemy
             .
          
           
             
               The
               first
               strait
               Turn
               .
            
             
               For
               the
               first
               of
               these
               strait
               Turns
               ,
               it
               is
               thus
               to
               be
               taught
               .
            
             
             
               You
               shall
               to
               the
               Ring
               in
               the
               mid-part
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               fix
               a
               long
               Rein
               of
               two
               fathom
               or
               more
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               other
               Rings
               two
               other
               shorter
               Reins
               :
               then
               having
               sadled
               the
               horse
               and
               put
               on
               his
               Bit
               ,
               bring
               him
               to
               the
               post
               ,
               and
               put
               the
               Reins
               of
               the
               Bit
               over
               the
               forepart
               of
               the
               Saddle
               ,
               Bolsters
               and
               all
               ,
               and
               fix
               them
               at
               a
               constant
               straitness
               on
               the
               top
               of
               the
               Pomel
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               horse
               may
               have
               a
               feeling
               both
               of
               the
               Bit
               and
               Curb
               .
               Then
               ,
               if
               you
               will
               have
               him
               turn
               to
               the
               right
               hand
               ,
               take
               the
               short
               Rein
               on
               the
               left
               side
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               ,
               and
               bringing
               it
               under
               the
               Fore-bolster
               of
               the
               Saddle
               up
               to
               the
               Pomel
               ,
               and
               there
               fix
               it
               at
               such
               a
               straitness
               that
               the
               horse
               may
               rather
               look
               from
               ,
               then
               to
               the
               post
               on
               the
               right
               side
               :
               Then
               let
               some
               Groom
               or
               skilfull
               Attendant
               hold
               the
               right
               side
               Rein
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               at
               the
               post
               ,
               governing
               the
               fore
               parts
               of
               his
               body
               to
               come
               about
               at
               large
               :
               Then
               your self
               taking
               the
               long
               Rein
               into
               your
               hand
               ,
               and
               keeping
               his
               hinder
               parts
               inward
               ,
               with
               your
               rod
               on
               his
               outward
               shoulder
               ,
               and
               sometimes
               on
               his
               outward
               thigh
               ,
               make
               him
               move
               about
               the
               post
               ,
               keeping
               his
               hinder
               parts
               as
               a
               cen●e●
               ,
               and
               making
               his
               fore-parts
               move
               in
               a
               larger
               circumference
               .
               Thus
               you
               shall
               exercise
               him
               a
               pretty
               space
               on
               one
               hand
               till
               he
               grow
               to
               some
               perfectness
               and
               understanding
               of
               your
               will
               .
               Then
               changing
               the
               Reins
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               ,
               make
               him
               do
               the
               
               like
               to
               the
               other
               hand
               .
               And
               thus
               apply
               hi●
               divers
               mornings
               ,
               mingling
               cherishing
               with
               his
               exercise
               ,
               according
               to
               his
               deservings
               ,
               ti●
               you
               have
               brought
               him
               to
               that
               readiness
               ,
               the
               he
               will
               upon
               the
               moving
               of
               your
               rod
               couc●
               his
               hinder
               parts
               in
               towards
               the
               post
               ,
               and
               lapping
               the
               outward
               fore
               leg
               over
               the
               inward
               trot
               about
               the
               post
               swiftly
               ,
               distinctly
               ,
               and
               i●
               as
               strait
               compass
               as
               you
               can
               desire
               ,
               or
               is
               convenient
               for
               the
               motion
               of
               the
               horse
               .
               And
               from
               trotting
               you
               may
               bring
               him
               to
               flying
               or
               wheeling
               about
               with
               that
               swiftness
               ,
               the
               both
               the
               fore
               legs
               rising
               and
               moving
               together
               ,
               the
               hinder
               parts
               may
               follow
               in
               one
               an●
               the
               same
               instant
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               have
               made
               your
               horse
               the
               perfect
               in
               your
               hand
               ,
               you
               shall
               then
               mou●
               his
               back
               ;
               and
               making
               some
               other
               skilfu●
               Groom
               or
               Attendant
               govern
               the
               long
               Rei●
               and
               another
               the
               short
               ,
               by
               the
               motion
               of
               yo●
               hand
               upon
               the
               Bit
               and
               left
               Rein
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               ,
               keeping
               the
               horses
               head
               from
               the
               po●
               and
               by
               the
               help
               of
               the
               Calve
               of
               your
               le●
               laid
               to
               his
               side
               ,
               and
               your
               rod
               turned
               to
               h●
               outward
               thigh
               to
               keep
               his
               hinder
               parts
               into
               the
               post
               labour
               and
               exercise
               him
               till
               you
               have
               brought
               him
               to
               that
               perfection
               which
               your self
               desire
               .
               Then
               take
               away
               the
               long
               rein●
               and
               only
               exercise
               him
               with
               the
               help
               of
               the
               short
               rein
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               ,
               and
               no
               other
               .
            
             
             
               After
               take
               both
               the
               reins
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               into
               your
               hands
               ,
               and
               exercise
               him
               from
               the
               Post
               ;
               making
               him
               as
               ready
               in
               any
               place
               where
               you
               please
               to
               ride
               him
               ,
               as
               he
               was
               at
               the
               Post
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               other
               strait
               Turn
               .
            
             
               Now
               for
               the
               other
               strait
               flying
               Turn
               ,
               which
               is
               to
               keep
               his
               face
               fixt
               ▪
               on
               the
               post
               as
               on
               his
               enemy
               ,
               and
               to
               move
               about
               only
               with
               his
               hinder
               parts
               ,
               you
               shall
               take
               the
               same
               helps
               of
               the
               long
               rein
               and
               the
               short
               reins
               of
               the
               Cavezan
               ,
               and
               govern
               them
               as
               before
               shewed
               ▪
               only
               you
               shall
               not
               give
               the
               short
               rein
               to
               the
               postward
               so
               much
               liberty
               as
               before
               ,
               but
               keep
               his
               head
               closer
               to
               the
               post
               ,
               and
               following
               his
               hinder
               parts
               with
               the
               long
               rein
               ,
               by
               the
               help
               of
               your
               rod
               make
               him
               bring
               his
               hinder
               parts
               round
               about
               the
               post
               :
               And
               observe
               that
               as
               before
               he
               did
               lap
               one
               foreleg
               over
               another
               ,
               so
               now
               he
               must
               lap
               the
               hinder
               legs
               one
               over
               another
               .
            
             
               In
               this
               lesson
               exercise
               him
               as
               in
               the
               former
               Then
               (
               after
               a
               perfectness
               )
               mount
               his
               back
               ,
               and
               labour
               him
               as
               before
               shewed
               .
               Then
               lastly
               ,
               leaving
               the
               Post
               and
               all
               other
               helps
               ,
               only
               apply
               him
               in
               such
               open
               and
               free
               places
               as
               you
               shall
               think
               convenient
               :
               For
               upon
               the
               finishing
               of
               this
               work
               ,
               your
               horse
               is
               made
               compleat
               ,
               and
               can
               perform
               all
               things
               that
               can
               be
               
               
               
               required
               either
               for
               service
               in
               the
               wars
               ,
               for
               the
               high-way
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               galloping
               pleasure
               :
               which
               is
               the
               end
               of
               mine
               aim
               ,
               and
               the
               utmost
               journy
               I
               will
               take
               in
               these
               observations
               .
               Only
               for
               a
               conclusion
               I
               will
               bequeath
               you
               one
               or
               two
               pretty
               secrets
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             How
             to
             help
             an
             ill
             Rein
             ,
             and
             cure
             a
             Runaway
             Jade
             .
          
           
             There
             be
             many
             horses
             so
             evil
             beholden
             to
             Nature
             for
             giving
             them
             short
             untoward
             Necks
             ,
             and
             worse
             ,
             set
             on
             Heads
             ;
             and
             so
             little
             beholden
             to
             Art
             to
             endeavor
             to
             amend
             them
             ,
             that
             many
             good
             horses
             are
             left
             cureless
             of
             these
             two
             gross
             unsufferable
             faules
             ;
             which
             are
             either
             a
             deformed
             carriage
             of
             the
             head
             like
             a
             Pig
             on
             a
             broach
             ▪
             or
             else
             a
             furious
             runing
             away
             ,
             got
             by
             a
             spoil'd
             mouth
             ,
             or
             an
             evil
             habit
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             Help
             .
          
           
             To
             help
             any
             ,
             or
             both
             of
             these
             :
             If
             it
             be
             a
             young
             horse
             ,
             at
             the
             first
             riding
             ,
             then
             to
             his
             Trench
             ;
             if
             of
             old
             standing
             ,
             then
             to
             his
             Snaffle
             ,
             (
             for
             I
             speak
             not
             of
             the
             Bit.
             )
             Put
             a
             pair
             of
             Reins
             ,
             half
             as
             long
             again
             as
             any
             ordinary
             Reins
             ,
             and
             Loops
             to
             fasten
             and
             unfasten
             at
             the
             eye
             of
             the
             Snaffle
             ,
             as
             other
             Reins
             have
             ▪
             Now
             when
             you
             see
             that
             the
             horse
             will
             not
             
             yield
             to
             your
             hand
             ,
             but
             the
             more
             you
             draw
             ,
             the
             more
             he
             thrusts
             out
             his
             nose
             ,
             or
             the
             more
             violently
             he
             runs
             away
             ;
             then
             undo
             the
             buttons
             of
             the
             Reins
             from
             the
             eys
             of
             the
             Snaffle
             ,
             and
             drawing
             them
             through
             the
             eys
             ,
             bring
             them
             to
             the
             buckles
             of
             the
             foremost
             girth
             ,
             and
             there
             button
             them
             fast
             :
             Then
             riding
             the
             horse
             in
             that
             manner
             ,
             labour
             him
             with
             the
             gentle
             motions
             of
             your
             hand
             ,
             coming
             and
             going
             by
             degrees
             ;
             and
             some
             times
             accompanied
             with
             your
             spur
             ,
             to
             gather
             up
             his
             body
             ,
             and
             to
             feel
             your
             command
             ,
             and
             assuredly
             in
             a
             small
             expence
             of
             time
             he
             will
             yield
             and
             bring
             his
             head
             where
             you
             would
             place
             it
             .
             And
             for
             running
             away
             ,
             if
             you
             draw
             one
             Rein
             ,
             you
             turn
             him
             about
             in
             despight
             of
             all
             fury
             ;
             and
             if
             you
             draw
             both
             ,
             you
             break
             his
             chaps
             ,
             or
             bring
             them
             to
             his
             bosom
             :
             In
             the
             end
             finding
             himself
             not
             able
             to
             resist
             ,
             he
             will
             be
             willing
             to
             obey
             .
          
        
         
           
             Another
             help
             for
             inconstant
             Carriage
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             another
             foul
             error
             in
             many
             horses
             which
             these
             Reins
             also
             cure
             ,
             as
             this
             .
             When
             your
             horse
             is
             either
             so
             wythie
             cragg'd
             (
             as
             the
             Northern
             man
             calls
             it
             )
             or
             so
             loose
             and
             unsteady-necked
             ,
             that
             which
             way
             soever
             you
             draw
             your
             hand
             ,
             his
             head
             and
             neck
             will
             follow
             it
             ,
             sometimes
             beating
             against
             your
             knees
             ,
             
             sometimes
             dashing
             against
             your
             bosom
             ,
             nay
             sometimes
             knocking
             you
             in
             the
             face
             ;
             and
             indeed
             generally
             so
             loose
             and
             incertain
             ,
             that
             a
             man
             cannot
             say
             at
             any
             time
             he
             hath
             certain
             or
             steady
             hold
             of
             him
             .
             A
             vice
             wonderfull
             incident
             to
             Running-Horses
             ,
             especially
             the
             hot
             furious
             ones
             .
             In
             this
             case
             you
             shall
             take
             these
             long
             Reins
             ;
             and
             as
             before
             you
             drew
             them
             to
             the
             buckles
             of
             the
             gyrths
             ,
             so
             now
             Marting●lwise
             draw
             them
             from
             the
             eyes
             of
             the
             Snaffle
             ,
             betwixt
             his
             fore-legs
             to
             the
             gyrths
             ,
             and
             there
             fasten
             them
             .
             Thus
             ride
             him
             with
             a
             constant
             hand
             ,
             firm
             and
             somwhat
             hard
             ;
             correcting
             him
             both
             with
             the
             spurs
             and
             rod
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             with
             sharp
             twitches
             in
             his
             mouth
             when
             he
             errs
             ;
             and
             with
             a
             few
             weeks
             labor
             ,
             his
             head
             will
             come
             to
             a
             constant
             carriage
             ,
             provided
             that
             you
             labor
             him
             as
             well
             upon
             his
             Gallop
             as
             his
             trot
             ,
             and
             leave
             him
             not
             till
             you
             find
             him
             fully
             reclaimed
             .
          
        
         
           
             How
             any
             Lady
             or
             Gentlewoman
             shall
             spur
             her
             Horse
             as
             well
             as
             any
             man
             ,
             yet
             unperceived
          
           
             Take
             a
             strong
             Whale
             bone
             ,
             that
             is
             at
             one
             end
             of
             one
             side
             round
             ,
             of
             the
             other
             flat
             ,
             and
             of
             a
             pretty
             thickness
             ;
             then
             rush
             grown
             and
             small
             to
             the
             other
             end
             .
             All
             round
             to
             the
             flat
             end
             glue
             a
             peece
             of
             Cord
             ,
             about
             an
             inch
             
             and
             an
             half
             longer
             ,
             being
             to
             the
             upper
             end
             of
             the
             bone
             as
             thin
             as
             may
             be
             ,
             but
             from
             the
             end
             made
             wedg-like
             ▪
             thicker
             and
             thicker
             ,
             to
             half
             an
             inch
             thickness
             or
             more
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             find
             occasion
             ,
             being
             a
             thing
             only
             to
             bear
             the
             bone
             from
             the
             Horses
             sides
             .
             Then
             you
             shall
             cause
             to
             be
             made
             of
             Iron
             a
             Neck
             of
             a
             spur
             ,
             an
             handfull
             or
             more
             long
             ,
             having
             at
             the
             one
             end
             set
             a
             sharp
             Rowel
             as
             big
             as
             a
             great
             French
             Rowel
             ,
             but
             not
             set
             as
             a
             mans
             Rowel
             ,
             but
             cross-wise
             ,
             the
             pricks
             looking
             to
             the
             Horses
             sides
             ;
             the
             other
             end
             of
             this
             Neck
             shall
             bee
             rough
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             Shoomakers
             thread
             made
             fast
             to
             the
             small
             round
             end
             of
             the
             whalebone
             .
             Then
             make
             fast
             the
             great
             end
             of
             the
             whale-bone
             with
             leather
             ,
             glue
             and
             nails
             to
             the
             forepart
             of
             the
             Sidesaddle-tree
             ,
             and
             look
             that
             the
             Spur
             stand
             opposite
             to
             the
             spurring-place
             of
             the
             Horses
             sides
             .
             Now
             as
             you
             do
             this
             side
             ,
             so
             do
             the
             other
             side
             also
             .
          
           
             Then
             take
             a
             strong
             Ribbon
             ,
             and
             fasten
             it
             with
             a
             loop
             to
             the
             Spurneck
             on
             the
             near
             side
             ,
             and
             draw
             it
             under
             the
             horses
             belly
             upon
             the
             far
             side
             :
             Then
             fasten
             another
             to
             the
             Spur
             on
             the
             far
             side
             ▪
             and
             fasten
             both
             ends
             at
             an
             eaven
             length
             under
             the
             Pomel
             of
             the
             Saddle
             ,
             yet
             so
             as
             she
             may
             command
             it
             with
             her
             bridle
             rein
             .
          
           
             Now
             when
             she
             will
             spur
             on
             the
             left
             side
             (
             which
             we
             call
             the
             near
             side
             )
             let
             her
             draw
             
             the
             Ribbon
             on
             the
             far
             side
             (
             which
             is
             the
             right
             side
             )
             and
             when
             she
             will
             spur
             on
             the
             right
             side
             ,
             let
             her
             draw
             her
             Ribbon
             on
             the
             near
             side
             ;
             when
             she
             will
             spur
             both
             sides
             at
             once
             ,
             let
             her
             draw
             both
             the
             Ribbons
             equally
             :
          
        
         
           Thus
           much
           for
           the
           Office
           of
           the
           Rider
           .
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           OFFICE
           OF
           THE
           FEEDER
           .
        
         
           An
           Introduction
           to
           the
           Work
           ,
           touching
           the
           limitation
           of
           time
           for
           preparing
           the
           Running-Horse
           .
        
         
           I
           Will
           not
           dispute
           the
           severall
           opinions
           of
           men
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           touching
           the
           keeping
           of
           the
           Running
           horse
           ,
           because
           I
           know
           many
           are
           idle
           and
           frivolous
           ,
           some
           incertain
           ,
           and
           a
           few
           in
           the
           right
           way
           .
           Only
           in
           this
           work
           I
           would
           cleer
           one
           paradox
           ,
           which
           is
           strongly
           maintained
           and
           infinitely
           pursued
           by
           many
           of
           our
           best
           professors
           ;
           and
           that
           is
           the
           limitation
           or
           length
           of
           time
           for
           the
           preparing
           or
           making
           ready
           of
           an
           Horse
           for
           a
           Match
           or
           great
           wager
           .
        
         
           There
           be
           divers
           ,
           nay
           some
           which
           I
           know
           carry
           the
           Goddesses
           on
           their
           backs
           ,
           that
           affirm
           an
           Horse
           which
           is
           exceeding
           fat
           ,
           foul
           ▪
           newly
           taken
           from
           grass
           ,
           soil
           ,
           or
           lofty
           ,
           liberal
           
           and
           unbounded
           feeding
           ,
           cannot
           be
           brought
           to
           the
           performance
           of
           his
           best
           labour
           under
           six
           moneths
           ,
           five
           is
           too
           little
           ,
           and
           four
           an
           act
           of
           impossibility
           .
           By
           which
           they
           rob
           their
           Noble
           master
           of
           half
           a
           years
           pleasure
           ,
           thrust
           upon
           him
           a
           tyring
           charge
           ▪
           to
           make
           the
           sport
           loathsom
           ,
           and
           get
           nothing
           but
           a
           cloak
           for
           ignorance
           ,
           and
           a
           few
           false
           got
           Crowns
           that
           melt
           as
           they
           are
           possessed
           .
        
         
           Yet
           as
           Heretiques
           cite
           Scriptures
           ,
           so
           these
           find
           Reasons
           to
           defend
           want
           of
           knowledge
           .
        
         
           As
           ,
           the
           danger
           of
           too
           early
           exercise
           ;
           the
           offence
           of
           grease
           suddenly
           broken
           ;
           the
           moving
           of
           evill
           humors
           too
           haistily
           ,
           which
           leads
           to
           mortal
           sickness
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           moderation
           or
           helping
           of
           all
           these
           by
           a
           slow
           proceeding
           ,
           or
           bringing
           of
           the
           horse
           into
           order
           by
           degrees
           and
           time
           ,
           o●
           (
           as
           I
           may
           say
           )
           by
           an
           ignorant
           sufferance
           .
        
         
           These
           Reasons
           I
           know
           have
           the
           shew
           of
           a
           good
           Ground
           ;
           for
           too
           early
           exercise
           is
           dangerous
           ,
           but
           not
           if
           free
           from
           violence
           .
        
         
           To
           break
           grease
           too
           suddenly
           is
           an
           offence
           unsufferable
           ,
           for
           it
           puts
           both
           limbs
           and
           life
           in
           hazard
           ,
           but
           not
           if
           purged
           away
           by
           wholsome
           scourings
           .
        
         
           The
           hasty
           stirring
           up
           of
           humours
           in
           a
           body
           where
           they
           superabound
           ,
           and
           are
           generally
           dispersed
           ,
           and
           not
           setled
           ,
           cannot
           chuse
           but
           breed
           sickness
           ;
           but
           not
           where
           discretion
           and
           
           judgment
           evacuateth
           them
           in
           wholsom
           sweats
           and
           moderate
           airings
           .
        
         
           And
           for
           t●e
           moderation
           of
           all
           these
           ,
           by
           the
           tediousness
           of
           Time
           ,
           as
           two
           months
           for
           the
           first
           ;
           two
           moneths
           for
           the
           second
           ,
           and
           as
           much
           for
           the
           last
           :
           It
           is
           like
           the
           curing
           of
           the
           Gangrene
           in
           an
           old
           man
           ;
           better
           to
           dye
           then
           be
           dismembred
           ,
           better
           lose
           the
           prize
           then
           bear
           the
           charge
           :
           For
           I
           dare
           appeal
           to
           any
           noble
           judgment
           ,
           whose
           purse
           hath
           experience
           in
           these
           actions
           ,
           if
           six
           moneths
           preparation
           and
           the
           dependances
           belonging
           to
           it
           and
           his
           person
           do
           not
           devour
           up
           an
           hundred
           pounds
           wager
           .
        
         
           But
           you
           will
           demand
           of
           me
           what
           limitation
           of
           time
           I
           will
           allow
           for
           this
           purpose
           of
           preparation
           ?
           And
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           two
           moneths
           is
           sufficient
           at
           any
           time
           of
           the
           year
           whatsoever
           ,
           for
           an
           old
           horse
           ,
           or
           an
           horse
           formerly
           trained
           ,
           for
           I
           speak
           not
           of
           Colts
           ;
           and
           he
           that
           cannot
           do
           it
           in
           two
           moneths
           ,
           shall
           never
           do
           it
           in
           sifteen
           .
        
         
           But
           reply
           they
           ,
           No
           scouring
           is
           to
           be
           allowed
           ,
           for
           they
           are
           physical
           ;
           they
           force
           nature
           ,
           and
           so
           hurt
           nature
           ;
           they
           make
           sickness
           ,
           and
           so
           impair
           health
           :
           And
           that
           indeed
           nothing
           is
           comparable
           to
           the
           length
           of
           time
           ,
           because
           Nature
           worketh
           every
           thing
           her self
           ;
           and
           though
           she
           be
           longer
           ,
           yet
           she
           hath
           less
           danger
           .
        
         
         
           I
           confess
           that
           Sybbesauce
           scourings
           which
           are
           stuft
           with
           poisonous
           ingredients
           ,
           cannot
           chuse
           but
           bring
           forth
           infirmity
           ;
           but
           wholesom
           Scourings
           ,
           that
           are
           composed
           of
           beneficiall
           and
           nourishing
           Simples
           ,
           neither
           occasion
           sickness
           nor
           any
           manner
           of
           infirmity
           ,
           but
           bring
           away
           grease
           and
           all
           foulness
           in
           that
           kindly
           and
           abundant
           sort
           ,
           that
           one
           week
           shall
           effect
           more
           then
           two
           moneths
           of
           dilatory
           and
           doubtfull
           for
           bearance
           .
        
         
           I
           call
           it
           dilatory
           and
           doubtfull
           ,
           because
           no
           man
           (
           in
           this
           lingring
           course
           )
           can
           certainly
           tel
           which
           way
           the
           gre●se
           and
           other
           foulnesses
           will
           avoid
           ,
           as
           whether
           into
           his
           ordure
           (
           which
           is
           the
           safest
           )
           into
           sweat
           (
           which
           is
           hazardou●
           )
           into
           his
           limbs
           (
           which
           is
           mischievous
           )
           or
           remain
           and
           putrifie
           in
           his
           body
           (
           which
           is
           mortally
           dangerous
           ?
           )
           Since
           the
           issue
           of
           any
           o●
           all
           these
           fall
           out
           according
           to
           the
           strength
           and
           estate
           of
           the
           Horses
           body
           ,
           and
           the
           diligence
           of
           the
           Feeder
           :
           And
           if
           either
           the
           one
           fail
           in
           power
           ;
           or
           the
           other
           in
           care
           ,
           farewell
           Horse
           for
           that
           year
           .
        
         
           All
           this
           Envy
           cannot
           chuse
           but
           confess
           ;
           only
           they
           have
           one
           broken
           crutch
           to
           support
           them
           ,
           which
           is
           ,
           They
           know
           no
           Scouring
           ,
           therefore
           they
           will
           allow
           of
           no
           Scouring
           .
        
         
           Against
           Barbarism
           I
           will
           not
           dispute
           ,
           only
           I
           appeal
           to
           Art
           or
           Discretion
           ,
           whether
           Purgation
           or
           Sufferance
           ;
           when
           Nature
           is
           offended
           ,
           be
           the
           better
           doers
           .
        
         
         
           But
           they
           reply
           ,
           by
           a
           figure
           called
           Absurdity
           ,
           That
           whatsoever
           is
           given
           to
           any
           Horse
           more
           then
           his
           natural
           food
           ,
           and
           which
           he
           will
           naturally
           and
           of
           his
           own
           accord
           with
           all
           willingness
           receive
           ,
           is
           both
           unproper
           and
           unwholsom
           ;
           and
           therefore
           he
           ought
           not
           to
           be
           forced
           with
           any
           thing
           against
           his
           appetite
           .
           This
           I
           have
           heard
           them
           say
           ,
           and
           to
           this
           I
           thus
           answer
           .
        
         
           The
           natural
           food
           of
           Man
           is
           bread
           only
           ,
           all
           other
           things
           (
           according
           to
           the
           Philosopher
           )
           are
           superfluous
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           be
           avoided
           .
           At
           this
           argument
           both
           Humanity
           and
           Divinity
           laughs
           :
           For
           ,
           other
           helps
           ,
           as
           Physick
           ,
           divers
           meats
           ,
           and
           divers
           means
           ordained
           for
           both
           even
           by
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Almighty
           himself
           ,
           tells
           the
           contemners
           hereof
           how
           grossly
           they
           erre
           in
           this
           foolish
           opinion
           .
        
         
           Nay
           ,
           allow
           them
           a
           little
           shadow
           of
           truth
           ,
           That
           things
           most
           natural
           ,
           are
           most
           beneficial
           :
           then
           it
           must
           follow
           ,
           that
           Grass
           ,
           or
           Hay
           (
           which
           is
           but
           withered
           Grass
           )
           is
           most
           natural
           ,
           and
           so
           most
           beneficial
           .
           Now
           Grass
           is
           physical
           ,
           for
           in
           it
           is
           contained
           all
           manner
           of
           Simples
           of
           all
           manner
           of
           mixtures
           ,
           as
           hot
           ,
           cold
           ,
           moist
           ,
           dry
           ;
           of
           all
           qualities
           ,
           all
           quantities
           .
           So
           that
           whatsoever
           I
           give
           (
           which
           is
           good
           )
           is
           but
           that
           which
           he
           hath
           formerly
           gathered
           out
           of
           his
           own
           nature
           ,
           only
           with
           this
           difference
           ;
           That
           what
           he
           gathereth
           is
           in
           a
           confused
           manner
           ,
           
           clapping
           contraries
           together
           so
           abundantly
           ,
           that
           we
           are
           not
           able
           to
           judge
           where
           the
           predominant
           quality
           lyeth
           ;
           and
           that
           which
           we
           compound
           is
           so
           governed
           by
           art
           and
           reason
           ,
           that
           we
           know
           how
           it
           should
           work
           ,
           and
           we
           expect
           the
           event
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           not
           crost
           by
           some
           greater
           disaster
           .
        
         
           But
           will
           they
           bind
           themselves
           to
           keep
           the
           Running-horse
           only
           with
           Grass
           or
           Hay
           ?
           They
           know
           then
           the
           end
           of
           their
           labour
           will
           be
           loss
           .
           Nay
           ,
           they
           will
           allow
           Corn
           ,
           nay
           divers
           Corns
           ;
           some
           nourishing
           and
           loosing
           ,
           as
           Oats
           and
           Rye
           ;
           some
           astringent
           and
           binding
           ,
           as
           Beans
           ;
           and
           some
           fatting
           and
           breeding
           both
           blood
           and
           spirit
           ,
           as
           Wheat
           :
           nay
           ,
           they
           will
           allow
           Bread
           ,
           nay
           Bread
           of
           divers
           compositions
           ,
           and
           divers
           mixtures
           ,
           some
           before
           heat
           ,
           and
           some
           after
           ,
           some
           quick
           of
           discresion
           and
           some
           slow
           .
           And
           if
           this
           be
           not
           as
           physical
           as
           any
           Scouring
           a
           good
           Horsman
           gives
           ,
           ●
           report
           me
           to
           him
           that
           shall
           read
           the
           Bills
           .
        
         
           Nay
           ,
           these
           Contemners
           of
           Scourings
           will
           allow
           an
           Egg
           ,
           nay
           an
           Egg
           mixt
           with
           other
           ingredients
           :
           And
           for
           Butter
           and
           Garlick
           ,
           they
           will
           use
           it
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           never
           so
           fulsom
           .
           The
           reason
           is
           ,
           because
           their
           knowledge
           can
           arise
           to
           no
           higher
           a
           stair
           in
           physick
           ;
           and
           authorised
           Ignorance
           will
           ever
           wage
           battel
           with
           the
           best
           Understanding
           :
           like
           foolish
           Gallants
           on
           St.
           
           
             Georges
          
           day
           ,
           who
           neither
           
           having
           ability
           to
           buy
           ,
           nor
           credit
           to
           borrow
           a
           Gold-chain
           ,
           scorn
           at
           them
           that
           wear
           them
           ;
           or
           
             Martin
             Marprelate
             ,
          
           that
           not
           having
           Learning
           worthy
           of
           a
           Deacon
           ,
           found
           no
           felicity
           but
           in
           railing
           at
           divine
           Fathers
           .
        
         
           There
           are
           another
           sort
           of
           Feeders
           ,
           which
           in
           a
           contrary
           extream
           run
           beyond
           these
           into
           mischiefs
           ;
           and
           those
           are
           they
           which
           overscour
           their
           horses
           ,
           and
           are
           never
           at
           peace
           but
           when
           they
           are
           giving
           Potions
           (
           which
           they
           call
           Scourings
           )
           somtimes
           without
           cause
           ,
           always
           without
           order
           ,
           bringing
           upon
           an
           horse
           such
           intolerable
           weakness
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           not
           able
           to
           perform
           any
           violent
           labour
           .
        
         
           From
           this
           too
           little
           ,
           and
           too
           much
           ,
           I
           would
           have
           our
           Feeder
           to
           gather
           a
           mean
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           First
           to
           look
           that
           his
           Simples
           be
           wholsom
           :
           then
           to
           the
           occasion
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           sure
           there
           is
           foulness
           :
           and
           lastly
           to
           the
           estate
           of
           body
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           rather
           augment
           then
           decrease
           vigor
           .
           So
           shall
           his
           work
           be
           prosperous
           ,
           and
           his
           actions
           without
           controllment
           .
        
         
           To
           conclude
           ,
           Two
           months
           I
           allow
           for
           preparation
           ,
           and
           according
           to
           that
           time
           have
           laid
           my
           Directions
           .
           Mine
           humble
           suit
           is
           ,
           out
           of
           a
           sincere
           opinion
           to
           Truth
           and
           Justice
           ,
           so
           to
           allow
           or
           disallow
           ,
           to
           refrain
           or
           imitate
           .
        
         
         
           
             The
             first
             ordering
             of
             the
             Running-horse
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             several
             estates
             of
             their
             Bodies
             .
          
           
             This
             office
             of
             the
             Feeder
             ,
             albeit
             in
             general
             it
             belong
             to
             all
             Horsmen
             ,
             yet
             it
             particular
             it
             is
             most
             appropriate
             to
             the
             Feeder
             of
             the
             Running-horse
             ;
             because
             other
             general
             horses
             have
             a
             general
             way
             of
             feeding
             ,
             these
             an
             artificial
             and
             prescript
             form
             ,
             full
             of
             curiosity
             and
             circumspection
             ;
             from
             which
             whosoever
             errs
             ,
             he
             shall
             sooner
             bring
             his
             horse
             to
             destruction
             then
             perfection
             .
          
           
             Therefore
             when
             an
             Horse
             is
             matcht
             ,
             or
             to
             be
             matcht
             for
             a
             Running
             course
             ,
             you
             art
             principally
             to
             regard
             the
             estate
             of
             body
             it
             which
             the
             horse
             is
             at
             the
             time
             of
             his
             matching
             .
             And
             this
             estate
             of
             body
             I
             divide
             into
             three
             several
             kinds
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             is
             ,
             if
             he
             be
             very
             fat
             ,
             foul
             ,
             and
             either
             taken
             from
             grass
             or
             soil
             .
          
           
             The
             second
             ,
             if
             he
             be
             extream
             lean
             and
             poor
             ,
             either
             through
             over-riding
             ,
             disorder
             ,
             or
             other
             infirmity
             .
          
           
             And
             the
             third
             ,
             if
             he
             be
             in
             good
             and
             well-liking
             estate
             ,
             having
             had
             good
             usage
             and
             moderate
             exercise
             .
          
           
             If
             he
             be
             in
             the
             first
             estate
             of
             body
             ,
             you
             shall
             take
             longer
             time
             for
             his
             feed
             ,
             as
             two
             
             moneths
             at
             the
             least
             :
             for
             he
             will
             ask
             much
             labour
             in
             airing
             ,
             great
             carefulness
             in
             heating
             ,
             art
             and
             discretion
             in
             scouring
             ,
             and
             rather
             a
             strict
             then
             liberall
             hand
             in
             feeding
             .
          
           
             If
             he
             be
             in
             the
             second
             estate
             of
             body
             (
             which
             is
             poor
             )
             then
             you
             shall
             also
             take
             a
             longer
             time
             as
             you
             may
             ,
             yet
             you
             need
             not
             so
             much
             as
             in
             the
             former
             ;
             both
             because
             Grass
             cannot
             much
             hurt
             ,
             and
             exercise
             may
             go
             hand
             in
             hand
             with
             feeding
             .
          
           
             This
             horse
             would
             have
             moderate
             and
             cheerfull
             airing
             ,
             as
             not
             before
             or
             after
             sun
             ,
             rather
             ●o
             increase
             appetite
             then
             harden
             flesh
             ;
             gentle
             heats
             ,
             more
             to
             preserve
             wind
             then
             melt
             glut
             ;
             and
             a
             bountifull
             hand
             (
             but
             far
             from
             cloying
             )
             in
             feeding
             .
          
           
             If
             he
             be
             in
             the
             third
             estate
             of
             body
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             mean
             betwixt
             the
             other
             extreams
             ,
             then
             a
             moneth
             or
             six
             weeks
             ,
             or
             a
             fortnight
             or
             less
             ,
             may
             be
             time
             sufficient
             to
             diet
             him
             for
             his
             Match
             ▪
             Now
             as
             this
             estate
             participates
             with
             both
             the
             former
             ,
             so
             it
             wou'd
             borrow
             from
             them
             a
             share
             in
             all
             their
             orderings
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             to
             be
             neither
             too
             early
             ,
             nor
             too
             late
             in
             airings
             ;
             ●aborious
             ,
             but
             not
             painfull
             in
             heatings
             ,
             nourishing
             in
             scouring
             ,
             and
             constant
             in
             a
             moderate
             way
             of
             feeding
             .
          
           
             Now
             as
             you
             regard
             these
             general
             estates
             of
             bodies
             ,
             so
             you
             must
             have
             an
             eye
             to
             certain
             particular
             estates
             of
             bodies
             :
             As
             if
             an
             horse
             be
             
             fa●
             and
             foul
             ,
             yet
             of
             a
             free
             and
             spending
             nature
             ,
             apt
             quickly
             to
             consume
             and
             lose
             his
             flesh
             ,
             this
             horse
             must
             not
             have
             so
             strict
             a●
             hand
             ,
             neither
             can
             he
             endure
             so
             violent
             exercise
             as
             he
             that
             is
             of
             an
             hard
             and
             kettty
             disposition
             ,
             and
             will
             feed
             and
             be
             fat
             upon
             all
             mea●●
             and
             all
             exercises
             .
          
           
             Again
             ,
             if
             your
             horse
             be
             in
             extreme
             poverty
             through
             disorder
             or
             misusage
             ,
             yet
             is
             by
             nature
             very
             hard
             and
             apt
             both
             soon
             to
             recover
             his
             flesh
             ,
             and
             long
             to
             hold
             it
             ;
             then
             over
             thi●
             horse
             you
             shall
             by
             no
             means
             ●old
             so
             l●bera●
             an
             hand
             ,
             nor
             forbear
             that
             exercise
             which
             otherwise
             you
             would
             do
             to
             the
             horse
             which
             i●
             of
             a
             tender
             nature
             ,
             a
             weak
             stomack
             ,
             and
             a
             fre●
             spirit
             provided
             always
             you
             have
             reg●rd
             to
             his
             limbs
             and
             the
             imperfection
             of
             lameness
             .
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             how
             to
             look
             into
             the
             estate●
             of
             Horses
             bodies
             ,
             and
             what
             time
             to
             take
             fo●
             your
             matchings
             ,
             I
             will
             now
             descend
             to
             thei●
             several
             orderings
             and
             dyeting
             .
             And
             because
             in
             the
             fat
             Horse
             is
             contained
             both
             the
             lea●
             Horse
             ,
             and
             Horse
             in
             reasonable
             estate
             o●
             bo●y
             .
             I
             will
             in
             him
             shew
             all
             the
             secrets
             a●●
             observations
             which
             are
             to
             be
             imployed
             in
             the
             feeding
             of
             all
             three
             ,
             without
             any
             omission
             o●
             reservation
             whatsoever
             :
             For
             truth
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             ●
             have
             vowed
             unto
             you
             ,
             and
             truth
             I
             will
             prese●●
             you
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             The
             first
             Fortnights
             feeding
             of
             an
             Horse
             for
             Match
             that
             is
             fat
             ,
             foul
             ,
             and
             ▪
             either
             newly
             taken
             from
             Grass
             or
             Soil
             .
          
           
             If
             you
             match
             an
             Horse
             that
             is
             fat
             and
             foul
             ,
             either
             by
             running
             at
             grass
             ,
             or
             standing
             at
             soil
             ,
             or
             by
             any
             other
             means
             of
             rest
             ,
             or
             too
             high
             feeding
             ;
             you
             shall
             (
             after
             his
             body
             is
             emptied
             ,
             and
             the
             grass
             avoided
             ,
             which
             will
             be
             three
             or
             four
             days
             )
             for
             the
             first
             fortnight
             at
             the
             least
             ,
             rise
             early
             in
             the
             morning
             before
             day
             ,
             or
             at
             the
             spring
             of
             day
             according
             to
             the
             time
             of
             the
             year
             ;
             and
             having
             put
             on
             his
             Bridle
             washt
             in
             beer
             ,
             and
             tyed
             him
             up
             to
             the
             rack
             ,
             take
             away
             his
             dmng
             and
             other
             foulness
             of
             the
             stable
             ;
             then
             dress
             him
             well
             ,
             as
             in
             the
             Office
             of
             the
             Keeper
             ,
          
           
             When
             that
             work
             is
             finished
             ,
             take
             a
             fair
             large
             Body-cloth
             of
             thick
             Houswifes
             Kersie
             (
             if
             it
             be
             in
             winter
             )
             or
             of
             Cotton
             or
             other
             light
             Stuffe
             (
             if
             it
             be
             in
             summer
             )
             and
             fold
             it
             round
             about
             the
             horses
             body
             ,
             then
             clap
             on
             the
             ●addle
             and
             girt
             the
             foremost
             girth
             pretty
             strait
             ,
             but
             the
             other
             somwhat
             slack
             ,
             and
             wisp
             it
             on
             each
             side
             his
             heart
             ,
             that
             both
             the
             girths
             may
             be
             of
             equal
             straitness
             .
          
           
             Then
             put
             before
             his
             breast
             a
             Breast-cloath
             sutable
             to
             the
             Body-cloth
             ,
             and
             let
             it
             cover
             both
             his
             shoulders
             ;
             Then
             take
             a
             little
             Beer
             
             into
             your
             mouth
             ,
             and
             spirt
             it
             into
             the
             horses
             mouth
             ,
             and
             so
             draw
             him
             out
             of
             the
             stable
             ,
             and
             take
             his
             back
             ,
             leaving
             a
             Groom
             behind
             you
             to
             trim
             up
             your
             stable
             ,
             to
             carry
             out
             dung
             and
             to
             toss
             up
             the
             litter
             :
             For
             you
             are
             to
             understand
             that
             the
             horse
             must
             stand
             upon
             good
             store
             of
             fresh
             dry
             litter
             continually
             both
             night
             and
             day
             ,
             and
             it
             should
             be
             ever
             Wheat-straw
             (
             if
             possible
             )
             or
             Oat-straw
             (
             if
             forced
             by
             necessity
             )
             As
             for
             Barley
             ▪
             straw
             and
             Rye-straw
             ,
             they
             are
             unwholsom
             and
             dangerous
             ;
             the
             one
             doth
             heart-burn
             ,
             the
             other
             causeth
             scouring
             ▪
          
           
             When
             you
             are
             mounted
             ,
             rack
             the
             horse
             foot-pace
             (
             for
             you
             must
             neither
             amble
             no●
             trot
             ,
             for
             they
             hurt
             speed
             )
             at
             least
             a
             mile
             or
             two
             ,
             or
             more
             upon
             smooth
             and
             sound
             ground
             ▪
             and
             (
             as
             neer
             as
             you
             can
             )
             to
             the
             steepest
             hill●
             you
             can
             find
             ;
             there
             gallop
             him
             gently
             up
             those
             hills
             ,
             ond
             rack
             or
             walk
             him
             softly
             down
             ▪
             that
             he
             may
             cool
             as
             much
             one
             way
             as
             he
             warmeth
             another
             .
             And
             when
             you
             have
             th●●
             exercised
             him
             a
             pretty
             space
             ,
             and
             seeing
             the
             sun
             beginning
             to
             rise
             ,
             or
             else
             risen
             ,
             rack
             down
             either
             to
             some
             fresh
             river
             ,
             or
             clear
             pond
             that
             is
             fed
             by
             a
             sweet
             Spring
             ,
             and
             there
             let
             him
             drink
             at
             his
             pleasure
             :
             After
             he
             hath
             drunk
             :
             bring
             him
             calmly
             out
             of
             the
             water
             ,
             and
             so
             ride
             him
             a
             little
             space
             with
             all
             gentleness
             ,
             and
             not
             according
             to
             the
             use
             of
             ignoran●
             
             Grooms
             ,
             rush
             him
             instantly
             into
             a
             Gallop
             ,
             for
             that
             brings
             with
             it
             two
             mischiefs
             ,
             either
             it
             teaches
             the
             horse
             to
             run
             away
             with
             you
             as
             soon
             as
             he
             is
             watered
             ,
             or
             else
             refuse
             to
             drink
             ,
             fearing
             the
             violence
             of
             his
             exercise
             which
             follows
             upon
             it
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             have
             used
             him
             a
             little
             calmly
             ,
             then
             put
             him
             into
             a
             gentle
             Gallop
             ,
             and
             exercise
             him
             moderately
             ,
             as
             you
             did
             before
             ;
             then
             walk
             him
             a
             little
             space
             ,
             after
             offer
             him
             more
             water
             :
             If
             he
             drink
             ,
             then
             gallop
             him
             again
             (
             after
             calm
             usage
             ;
             )
             if
             he
             refuse
             ,
             then
             gallop
             him
             to
             occasion
             thirst
             .
             And
             thus
             always
             give
             him
             exercise
             both
             before
             and
             after
             water
             .
          
           
             When
             he
             hath
             drank
             sufficient
             ,
             then
             bring
             him
             home
             gently
             ,
             without
             a
             wet
             hair
             or
             any
             sweat
             about
             him
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             come
             to
             the
             stable-door
             before
             which
             your
             Groom
             shall
             ever
             throw
             all
             his
             fo●l
             litter
             continually
             ;
             there
             alight
             ,
             and
             by
             whistling
             and
             stretching
             the
             horse
             upon
             the
             straw
             ,
             and
             raising
             up
             the
             straw
             under
             him
             ,
             see
             if
             you
             can
             make
             him
             piss
             ,
             which
             if
             at
             first
             he
             do
             not
             ,
             yet
             with
             a
             little
             custom
             he
             will
             soon
             be
             brought
             unto
             it
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             an
             wholsom
             action
             both
             for
             the
             horses
             health
             ,
             and
             the
             sweet
             keeping
             of
             the
             Stable
             .
          
           
             This
             done
             ,
             bring
             him
             into
             his
             stall
             ,
             and
             tie
             him
             up
             to
             the
             Rack
             ,
             then
             with
             wisps
             rub
             his
             ●egs
             well
             ,
             then
             unloose
             his
             breast-cloth
             ▪
             and
             
             rub
             his
             head
             ,
             neck
             and
             breast
             with
             a
             dry
             clot●
             then
             take
             off
             the
             saddle
             and
             hang
             it
             by
             ,
             the●
             his
             Body-cloth
             ,
             and
             rub
             over
             all
             his
             body
             and
             limbs
             ,
             especially
             his
             back
             where
             the
             saddl●
             stood
             .
             Then
             cloath
             him
             up
             ,
             first
             with
             a
             linne●
             sheet
             ,
             then
             over
             it
             a
             good
             strong
             Housing
             cloth
             ,
             and
             above
             it
             his
             woollen
             Body-cloth
             which
             in
             the
             winter
             it
             is
             not
             amiss
             to
             hav●
             lin'd
             with
             some
             thin
             Cotton
             or
             Plad
             ,
             or
             othe●
             woollen
             stuffe
             ,
             but
             in
             the
             summer
             the
             Kersi●
             it self
             is
             sufficient
             .
          
           
             When
             these
             are
             girt
             about
             him
             ,
             stop
             hi●
             Circingle
             round
             with
             reasonable
             big
             soft
             wisp●
             and
             thick
             ,
             for
             with
             them
             he
             will
             lie
             at
             be●
             ease
             ,
             because
             the
             small
             hard
             wisps
             are
             eve●
             hurtfull
             .
          
           
             After
             he
             is
             cloathed
             ,
             pick
             his
             feet
             and
             stop
             them
             up
             with
             cow-dung
             ;
             and
             then
             throw
             int●
             his
             Rack
             a
             little
             Bundle
             of
             hay
             ,
             so
             much
             as
             a●
             halfpeny
             bottel
             in
             a
             dear
             Inne
             ,
             well
             chosen
             ▪
             dusted
             ,
             and
             hard
             bound
             together
             .
             And
             the
             he
             shall
             tear
             out
             ,
             as
             he
             standeth
             on
             the
             bridl●
             ▪
          
           
             When
             he
             hath
             stood
             on
             his
             bridle
             an
             ho●
             and
             better
             ,
             you
             shall
             then
             come
             to
             him
             ,
             an●
             first
             draw
             his
             bridle
             ,
             rub
             his
             head
             ,
             face
             an●
             nape
             of
             the
             neck
             with
             a
             clean
             rubber
             made
             ●●
             new
             rough
             hempen
             cloth
             ,
             for
             this
             is
             excelle●●
             for
             the
             head
             ,
             and
             dissolveth
             all
             gross
             a●●
             filthy
             humours
             :
             Then
             with
             a
             clean
             clot●
             make
             the
             Manger
             as
             clean
             as
             may
             be
             ;
             and
             i●
             
             he
             have
             scattered
             any
             hay
             ,
             take
             it
             up
             and
             throw
             it
             back
             into
             the
             Rack
             .
             Then
             you
             shall
             take
             a
             quart
             of
             sweet
             ,
             dry
             ,
             old
             and
             clean
             drest
             Oats
             ,
             of
             which
             the
             heaviest
             are
             the
             best
             ,
             as
             those
             which
             we
             call
             Poland-oats
             or
             Cut-oats
             :
             For
             those
             which
             are
             unsweet
             ,
             breed
             infirmity
             ;
             those
             which
             are
             moist
             ,
             cause
             swelling
             in
             the
             body
             ,
             those
             which
             are
             new
             ,
             breed
             worms
             ;
             and
             they
             which
             are
             half
             drest
             ,
             deceive
             the
             stomack
             and
             bring
             the
             horse
             to
             ruine
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             the
             black
             Oats
             ,
             though
             they
             are
             tolerable
             in
             the
             time
             of
             necessity
             ,
             yet
             they
             make
             foul
             dung
             ,
             and
             hinder
             a
             mans
             knowledg
             in
             the
             state
             of
             the
             horses
             body
             .
          
           
             This
             quart
             of
             Oats
             you
             shall
             ree
             and
             dress
             wondrous
             clean
             in
             a
             Sive
             that
             is
             much
             less
             then
             a
             Riddle
             ,
             and
             though
             bigger
             then
             a
             Reeing-sive
             ,
             such
             an
             one
             as
             will
             let
             a
             light
             Oat
             go
             through
             ,
             but
             keep
             a
             full
             one
             from
             scattering
             ,
             and
             so
             give
             them
             to
             the
             horse
             ;
             and
             if
             he
             eat
             them
             with
             a
             good
             stomack
             ,
             you
             may
             give
             him
             another
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             him
             rest
             till
             it
             be
             eleven
             a
             clock
             :
          
           
             Then
             come
             to
             the
             Stable
             ,
             and
             having
             rubbed
             his
             head
             ,
             neck
             and
             face
             ,
             dress
             him
             another
             quart
             of
             Oats
             (
             as
             before
             )
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             ;
             then
             closing
             up
             the
             windows
             and
             lights
             leave
             him
             till
             one
             a
             clock
             .
          
           
             And
             here
             you
             are
             to
             understand
             ,
             that
             the
             darker
             you
             keep
             your
             horse
             in
             your
             absence
             ,
             
             the
             better
             it
             is
             ,
             and
             it
             will
             occasion
             him
             to
             lye
             down
             and
             take
             his
             rest
             ,
             when
             otherwise
             he
             would
             not
             ;
             and
             therefore
             we
             commonly
             use
             to
             arm
             the
             Stables
             wherein
             these
             horses
             stand
             round
             about
             a
             lost
             ,
             and
             over
             the
             Rack
             with
             Canvas
             ,
             both
             for
             darkness
             ,
             warmth
             ,
             and
             that
             no
             filth
             may
             come
             near
             the
             horse
             .
          
           
             At
             one
             a
             clock
             come
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             dress
             him
             another
             quart
             of
             oats
             ,
             and
             give
             them
             as
             before
             ,
             after
             you
             have
             rubbed
             his
             head
             and
             nape
             of
             the
             neck
             :
             then
             putting
             away
             his
             dung
             ,
             and
             making
             the
             stable
             clean
             ,
             give
             him
             a
             knob
             of
             Hay
             ,
             and
             so
             leave
             him
             till
             evening
             .
          
           
             At
             evening
             come
             to
             the
             Stable
             ,
             and
             having
             made
             all
             things
             clean
             ,
             bridle
             as
             in
             the
             morning
             take
             off
             his
             cloaths
             ,
             and
             dresse
             him
             a●
             before
             .
          
           
             Then
             cloath
             ,
             saddle
             ,
             bring
             him
             forth
             ,
             urge
             him
             to
             empty
             ,
             mount
             ,
             rack
             him
             abroad
             ,
             but
             not
             to
             the
             hills
             ,
             if
             you
             can
             finde
             any
             other
             plain
             ground
             ,
             as
             meadow
             ,
             pasture
             ,
             or
             the
             like
             ,
             especially
             if
             it
             lye
             along
             by
             a
             River
             ,
             but
             in
             this
             case
             you
             can
             be
             no
             chuser
             ,
             but
             must
             take
             the
             most
             convenient
             ,
             making
             a
             vertue
             of
             necessity
             .
             Here
             air
             him
             in
             all
             points
             in
             the
             evening
             ,
             as
             you
             did
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             Galloping
             both
             before
             and
             after
             water
             :
             Then
             Rack
             him
             up
             and
             down
             ,
             and
             in
             your
             racking
             observe
             even
             from
             the
             Stable-dore
             ,
             in
             all
             your
             
             passages
             ,
             especially
             when
             you
             would
             have
             him
             to
             empty
             ,
             to
             let
             him
             smel
             upon
             every
             old
             and
             new
             dung
             you
             meet
             withall
             ,
             for
             this
             will
             clear
             his
             body
             and
             repair
             his
             stomack
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             have
             watred
             ,
             and
             spent
             the
             evening
             in
             airing
             till
             within
             night
             ,
             (
             for
             nothing
             is
             more
             wholsom
             ,
             or
             sooner
             consumeth
             foulness
             ,
             then
             early
             and
             late
             airings
             :
             )
             You
             shall
             then
             rack
             him
             home
             to
             the
             stable-door
             ;
             there
             alight
             and
             do
             as
             you
             did
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             both
             within
             doors
             and
             without
             ,
             and
             so
             leave
             him
             on
             his
             bridle
             for
             an
             hour
             and
             more
             .
             Then
             come
             again
             ,
             and
             as
             you
             did
             in
             the
             forenoon
             ,
             so
             do
             now
             ;
             Rub
             well
             ,
             draw
             his
             bridle
             ,
             cleanse
             the
             Manger
             ,
             put
             up
             his
             scattered
             hay
             ,
             sift
             him
             a
             quart
             of
             Oats
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             him
             rest
             til
             nine
             a
             clock
             at
             night
             .
          
           
             At
             nine
             a
             clock
             come
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             first
             rub
             down
             his
             legs
             with
             wisps
             ,
             or
             with
             a
             clean
             cloth
             ,
             or
             with
             your
             bare
             hands
             (
             which
             is
             best
             of
             all
             )
             then
             with
             a
             clean
             cloth
             rub
             his
             face
             ,
             head
             ,
             chaps
             ,
             nape
             of
             the
             neck
             and
             foreparts
             ,
             then
             turn
             up
             his
             cloathes
             and
             rub
             over
             all
             his
             hinder
             parts
             ;
             then
             put
             down
             his
             clothes
             ,
             and
             sift
             him
             a
             quart
             of
             Oats
             and
             give
             them
             him
             ;
             then
             put
             into
             his
             Rack
             a
             little
             bundle
             of
             hay
             ,
             toss
             up
             his
             litter
             and
             make
             his
             bed
             soft
             ,
             and
             so
             leave
             him
             till
             the
             next
             morning
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             morning
             (
             as
             the
             morning
             before
             (
             come
             to
             the
             horse
             early
             ,
             and
             do
             every
             
             thing
             without
             the
             omission
             of
             any
             one
             particle
             ,
             as
             hath
             been
             formerly
             declared
             ;
             and
             thus
             you
             shall
             keep
             your
             horse
             constantly
             for
             the
             first
             fornight
             ,
             in
             which
             by
             this
             double
             daily
             exercise
             you
             shall
             so
             harden
             his
             flesh
             and
             consume
             his
             foulness
             ,
             that
             the
             next
             fortnight
             (
             if
             you
             be
             a
             temperate
             man
             )
             you
             may
             adventure
             to
             give
             him
             some
             heats
             ,
          
           
             But
             here
             give
             me
             leave
             to
             digress
             a
             little
             for
             satisfaction
             sake
             ,
             and
             to
             answer
             objections
             that
             may
             be
             urged
             touching
             the
             quantity
             of
             Provender
             which
             I
             prescribe
             ,
             being
             but
             a
             quart
             at
             a
             meal
             ,
             seeing
             there
             be
             many
             horses
             that
             will
             eat
             a
             much
             larger
             proportion
             ,
             and
             to
             scant
             them
             to
             this
             little
             were
             to
             starve
             ,
             o●
             at
             the
             best
             to
             breed
             weakness
             .
          
           
             But
             if
             I
             be
             understood
             rightly
             ,
             I
             set
             not
             this
             down
             as
             an
             infallible
             Rule
             ,
             but
             a
             President
             that
             may
             be
             imitated
             ,
             yet
             altered
             at
             pleasure
             :
             For
             I
             have
             left
             you
             this
             Caveat
             ,
             That
             if
             your
             horse
             eat
             this
             with
             a
             good
             stomack
             ,
             you
             may
             give
             him
             another
             ,
             leaving
             the
             proportion
             to
             the
             Feeders
             discretion
             ;
             because
             it
             is
             impossible
             in
             writing
             ,
             to
             make
             one
             measure
             for
             all
             stomacks
             .
             And
             for
             min●
             own
             part
             ,
             I
             chose
             the
             quart
             as
             the
             most
             indifferent
             proportion
             ;
             for
             albeit
             many
             horses
             will
             eat
             more
             ,
             yet
             I
             have
             known
             some
             that
             would
             hardly
             eat
             this
             :
             And
             believe
             it
             ,
             what
             horse
             soever
             shall
             but
             eat
             this
             ,
             and
             in
             this
             
             manner
             ,
             he
             shall
             neither
             starve
             ,
             lose
             strength
             ,
             nor
             be
             much
             hungry
             .
          
           
             So
             now
             again
             to
             the
             giving
             of
             Heats
             .
          
           
             
               Four
               considerations
               in
               giving
               of
               Heats
               .
            
             
               Now
               touching
               Heats
               ,
               you
               are
               to
               take
               to
               your self
               these
               four
               Considerations
               .
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 That
                 two
                 Heats
                 in
                 the
                 week
                 is
                 a
                 sufficient
                 proportion
                 for
                 any
                 horse
                 of
                 what
                 condition
                 or
                 state
                 of
                 body
                 soever
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 That
                 one
                 heat
                 should
                 ever
                 be
                 given
                 on
                 that
                 day
                 in
                 the
                 week
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 he
                 is
                 to
                 run
                 his
                 Match
                 ;
                 as
                 thus
                 :
                 Your
                 Match-day
                 is
                 a
                 Monday
                 ,
                 your
                 Heating-days
                 are
                 then
                 Mondays
                 and
                 Fridays
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Monday
                 to
                 be
                 ever
                 the
                 sharper
                 heat
                 ,
                 both
                 because
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 day
                 of
                 his
                 Match
                 ▪
                 and
                 there
                 is
                 three
                 days
                 rest
                 betwixt
                 it
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 heat
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 day
                 ●e
                 Tuesday
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 heating
                 days
                 are
                 Tuesdays
                 and
                 Saturdays
                 ;
                 if
                 Wednesday
                 ,
                 then
                 Wednesdays
                 and
                 Saturdays
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 Lords
                 day
                 ;
                 if
                 on
                 Thursdays
                 ,
                 then
                 Thursdays
                 and
                 Mondays
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 of
                 the
                 rest
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 You
                 shall
                 give
                 no
                 heat
                 (
                 except
                 in
                 case
                 of
                 extremity
                 )
                 in
                 rain
                 or
                 foul
                 weather
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 to
                 defer
                 hours
                 and
                 change
                 times
                 :
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 unwholsom
                 and
                 dangerous
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 in
                 case
                 of
                 showers
                 and
                 incertain
                 weather
                 you
                 shall
                 have
                 for
                 the
                 horse
                 a
                 lined
                 hood
                 ,
                 
                 with
                 lined
                 ears
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 nape
                 of
                 the
                 nec●
                 lined
                 to
                 keep
                 out
                 rain
                 ;
                 for
                 nothing
                 ●
                 more
                 dangerous
                 then
                 cold
                 wet
                 falling
                 into
                 the
                 ears
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 the
                 nape
                 of
                 the
                 neck
                 and
                 Fillets
                 .
              
               
                 4
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 observe
                 to
                 give
                 the
                 heats
                 (
                 the
                 weather
                 being
                 seasonable
                 )
                 as
                 early
                 in
                 the
                 morning
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 spring
                 of
                 day
                 ;
                 but
                 by
                 no
                 means
                 in
                 the
                 dark
                 ;
                 for
                 ●
                 is
                 to
                 the
                 horse
                 both
                 unwholsom
                 and
                 unpleasant
                 ;
                 to
                 the
                 man
                 a
                 great
                 testimony
                 o●
                 folly
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 both
                 an
                 act
                 of
                 danger
                 and
                 precipitation
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             second
             fortnights
             feeding
             .
          
           
             Now
             to
             come
             to
             the
             second
             fortnight
             feeding
             :
             touching
             your
             first
             approaching
             to
             the
             Stable
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             by
             respects
             ,
             a●
             cleansing
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             ,
             you
             shall
             do
             all
             things
             as
             in
             the
             first
             fortnight
             ,
             onely
             before
             yo●
             put
             on
             his
             Bridle
             ,
             give
             him
             a
             quart
             of
             oats
             ,
             which
             as
             soon
             as
             he
             hath
             eaten
             ,
             bridle
             him
             up
             ,
             and
             dress
             him
             ,
             as
             before
             shewed
             ;
             then
             cloath
             ,
             saddle
             ,
             air
             ,
             water
             ,
             exercise
             ,
             and
             bring
             him
             home
             as
             before
             shewed
             ;
             onely
             you
             shall
             not
             put
             hay
             into
             his
             rack
             to
             tear
             out
             ,
             but
             let
             him
             eat
             it
             out
             of
             your
             hands
             ,
             handfull
             after
             handfull
             ,
             and
             so
             leave
             him
             on
             his
             bridle
             for
             an
             hour
             more
             ;
             then
             come
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             after
             
             rubbing
             ,
             and
             other
             ceremonies
             ,
             sist
             him
             a
             quart
             of
             oats
             and
             set
             them
             by
             :
             then
             take
             a
             loaf
             of
             bread
             ,
             that
             is
             three
             days
             old
             ,
             or
             thereabout
             ,
             and
             made
             in
             this
             manner
             .
          
           
             
               The
               first
               Bread
               :
            
             
               Take
               three
               pecks
               of
               clean
               Beans
               ,
               and
               one
               peck
               of
               Wheat
               ,
               mix
               them
               together
               and
               grind
               them
               ,
               then
               boult
               it
               through
               a
               reasonable
               fine
               Raunge
               ,
               and
               knead
               it
               up
               with
               great
               ●●ore
               of
               Barm
               and
               lightning
               ,
               but
               with
               as
               little
               water
               as
               may
               be
               ,
               labour
               it
               in
               the
               Trough
               painfully
               ,
               knead
               it
               ,
               break
               it
               ,
               and
               after
               cover
               it
               warm
               ,
               and
               let
               it
               lye
               and
               swell
               ;
               then
               knead
               it
               over
               again
               ,
               and
               mould
               it
               up
               into
               big
               loaves
               ,
               like
               twelvepeny
               houshold
               loaves
               ,
               and
               so
               bake
               it
               well
               ,
               and
               let
               it
               soak
               soundly
               ;
               after
               they
               are
               drawn
               turn
               the
               bottoms
               upward
               ,
               and
               let
               them
               cool
               .
            
             
               At
               three
               daies
               old
               ,
               or
               thereabout
               ,
               you
               may
               give
               this
               bread
               ,
               but
               hardly
               sooner
               :
               for
               nothing
               is
               worse
               then
               new
               bread
               ;
               yet
               if
               necessity
               compell
               you
               that
               you
               must
               sooner
               give
               it
               ,
               or
               that
               the
               bread
               be
               clammy
               or
               dank
               ,
               so
               as
               the
               Horse
               taketh
               distast
               thereat
               ,
               then
               cut
               the
               loaf
               into
               thin
               shivers
               ,
               and
               lay
               it
               abroad
               in
               the
               Sive
               to
               dry
               ;
               then
               crumbling
               it
               smal
               with
               his
               oats
               ,
               you
               may
               give
               it
               safely
               .
            
             
               But
               to
               return
               to
               my
               purpose
               ,
               when
               you
               
               have
               taken
               a
               loaf
               of
               this
               bread
               ,
               chip
               it
               very
               well
               ,
               then
               cut
               it
               into
               thin
               slyves
               ,
               and
               put
               three
               or
               four
               thereof
               (
               small
               broken
               )
               into
               his
               oats
               you
               had
               before
               sifted
               ,
               and
               so
               give
               them
               to
               him
               ▪
            
             
               About
               eleven
               a
               clock
               come
               to
               him
               ,
               and
               by
               ceremonies
               give
               him
               the
               same
               quantity
               of
               bread
               and
               oats
               ,
               and
               so
               leave
               him
               till
               afternoon
               .
            
             
               At
               one
               a
               clock
               in
               the
               afternoon
               (
               if
               you
               intend
               not
               to
               give
               him
               a
               heat
               the
               next
               day
               )
               feed
               him
               with
               bread
               and
               oats
               as
               you
               did
               in
               the
               fore-noon
               ,
               and
               so
               consequently
               every
               meal
               following
               for
               that
               day
               ,
               observing
               every
               action
               and
               motion
               as
               before
               shewed
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               you
               intend
               the
               next
               day
               to
               give
               him
               an
               heat
               (
               to
               which
               I
               now
               bend
               mine
               aym
               )
               you
               shall
               then
               only
               give
               him
               a
               quart
               of
               oats
               clear
               sifted
               ,
               but
               no
               hay
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               him
               rest
               till
               evening
               .
            
             
               At
               four
               a
               clock
               before
               you
               put
               on
               his
               bridle
               ,
               give
               him
               a
               quart
               of
               clean
               sifted
               oats
               ,
               and
               when
               they
               are
               eaten
               ;
               bridle
               him
               up
               ,
               dress
               ,
               cloath
               ,
               saddle
               ,
               air
               ,
               water
               ,
               exercise
               ,
               bring
               home
               and
               order
               ,
               as
               before
               shewed
               ,
               onely
               give
               no
               hay
               at
               all
               .
            
             
               After
               he
               hath
               stood
               an
               hour
               on
               his
               bridle
               ,
               give
               him
               a
               quart
               of
               oats
               ,
               and
               when
               they
               are
               caten
               ,
               put
               on
               his
               head
               a
               sweet
               muzzel
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               him
               rest
               till
               nine
               a
               clock
               at
               night
               ▪
            
             
             
               Now
               as
               touching
               the
               use
               of
               this
               Muzzell
               ,
               and
               which
               is
               the
               best
               ,
               you
               shall
               understand
               ,
               that
               as
               they
               are
               most
               usefull
               being
               good
               and
               rightly
               made
               ,
               so
               they
               are
               dangerous
               and
               hurtfull
               ,
               being
               abused
               and
               falsly
               made
               .
               The
               true
               use
               of
               them
               is
               to
               keep
               the
               horse
               from
               eating
               up
               his
               litter
               ,
               from
               gnawing
               upon
               boards
               and
               mud-walls
               ,
               and
               indeed
               to
               keep
               him
               from
               eating
               any
               thing
               but
               what
               he
               receiveth
               from
               your
               own
               hands
               .
            
             
               These
               Muzzels
               are
               somtimes
               made
               of
               leather
               ,
               and
               stampt
               full
               of
               holes
               ,
               or
               else
               close
               ,
               but
               they
               are
               unsavoury
               and
               unwholsom
               :
               for
               if
               it
               be
               allomed
               leather
               ,
               the
               allom
               is
               offensive
               ;
               if
               it
               be
               tann'd
               or
               liquored
               leather
               ,
               the
               Tanners
               ouze
               and
               grease
               are
               fully
               as
               unpleasant
               .
               Besides
               ,
               they
               are
               too
               close
               ,
               and
               too
               hot
               ,
               and
               both
               make
               an
               horse
               sick
               ,
               and
               cause
               him
               to
               retain
               his
               dung
               longer
               in
               his
               body
               ,
               then
               otherwise
               he
               would
               do
               .
            
             
               The
               best
               Summer
               Muzzell
               ,
               (
               and
               indeed
               the
               best
               generally
               at
               all
               times
               ,
               is
               the
               Nermuzzell
               ,
               made
               of
               Strong
               pack-threed
               ,
               and
               knit
               exceeding
               thick
               and
               close
               in
               the
               bottom
               ,
               and
               so
               inlarged
               wider
               and
               wider
               upward
               ,
               to
               the
               middle
               of
               the
               horses
               head
               ;
               then
               bound
               about
               the
               top
               with
               Tape
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               nearside
               a
               loop
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               farre-side
               a
               long
               string
               to
               fasten
               it
               to
               the
               horses
               head
               .
            
             
               The
               best
               Winter-muzzell
               (
               and
               indeed
               
               tolerable
               at
               any
               time
               )
               is
               that
               which
               is
               made
               of
               double
               Canvas
               ,
               with
               a
               round
               bottom
               and
               a
               square
               lattice
               window
               of
               small
               tape
               before
               both
               his
               nostrils
               ,
               down
               to
               the
               very
               bottom
               of
               the
               muzzell
               ,
               and
               upward
               more
               then
               a
               handfull
               :
               this
               must
               also
               have
               a
               loop
               and
               a
               string
               to
               fasten
               it
               about
               the
               horses
               head
               .
            
             
               At
               nine
               a
               clock
               at
               night
               come
               to
               the
               Stable
               ,
               and
               after
               by
               ceremonies
               done
               ,
               give
               him
               a
               quart
               of
               oats
               clean
               sifted
               ,
               and
               when
               they
               are
               eaten
               ,
               put
               on
               his
               Muzzell
               ,
               toss
               up
               his
               litter
               ▪
               and
               so
               leave
               him
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               day
               early
               in
               the
               morning
               ,
               come
               to
               the
               horse
               (
               if
               he
               be
               standing
               ,
               but
               if
               he
               be
               laid
               ▪
               do
               not
               disturb
               him
               )
               and
               whilst
               he
               is
               lying
               take
               a
               quart
               of
               oats
               clean
               sifted
               and
               rubbed
               between
               your
               hands
               ,
               and
               wash
               them
               i●
               strong
               Ale
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               to
               the
               horse
               ;
               when
               they
               are
               eaten
               bridle
               him
               up
               ,
               and
               dress
               him
               then
               saddle
               as
               before
               shewed
               ;
               being
               ready
               to
               depart
               ,
               give
               him
               a
               new
               laid
               Egg
               or
               two
               then
               wash
               his
               mouth
               after
               it
               with
               a
               little
               Beer
               or
               Ale
               ,
               and
               so
               lead
               away
               :
               at
               the
               doo●
               urge
               him
               to
               empty
               ,
               then
               mount
               and
               ra●●
               him
               gently
               to
               the
               course
               ,
               ever
               and
               anon
               making
               him
               smell
               another
               horses
               dung
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               are
               come
               within
               a
               mile
               o●
               thereabout
               of
               the
               starting-post
               ,
               alight
               and
               take
               off
               his
               body-cloath
               ,
               and
               Breast-cloath
               and
               girt
               on
               the
               saddle
               again
               :
               then
               sending
               
               away
               your
               Groom
               both
               with
               those
               Cloaths
               ,
               and
               other
               dry
               Cloaths
               to
               rub
               with
               ,
               let
               him
               stay
               at
               the
               la●t
               end
               of
               the
               course
               till
               you
               come
               :
               then
               your self
               rack
               your
               horse
               gently
               up
               to
               the
               ●tarting
               post
               ,
               and
               beyond
               ,
               making
               him
               smell
               to
               that
               post
               ,
               as
               you
               should
               also
               do
               to
               the
               first
               post
               ,
               (
               which
               we
               call
               the
               weighing
               post
               )
               that
               he
               may
               take
               notice
               of
               the
               beginning
               and
               ending
               of
               the
               course
               .
               There
               start
               your
               horse
               roundly
               and
               sharply
               ,
               at
               neer
               a
               three
               quarters
               speed
               ,
               and
               according
               to
               his
               strength
               of
               body
               ,
               ability
               of
               wind
               ,
               and
               cheerfulness
               of
               spirit
               ,
               run
               him
               the
               whole
               course
               through
               :
               But
               by
               no
               means
               do
               any
               thing
               in
               extremity
               ,
               or
               above
               his
               wind
               ;
               but
               when
               you
               find
               him
               a
               little
               yeild
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               a
               little
               ease
               ,
               so
               that
               all
               he
               doth
               may
               be
               done
               with
               pleasure
               and
               not
               with
               anguish
               ;
               For
               this
               manner
               of
               training
               will
               make
               him
               take
               delight
               in
               his
               labour
               ,
               and
               so
               increase
               it
               ;
               The
               contrary
               will
               breed
               discomfort
               ,
               and
               make
               exercise
               irksome
               .
            
             
               Also
               during
               the
               time
               you
               thus
               course
               him
               ,
               you
               shall
               note
               upon
               what
               ground
               he
               runneth
               best
               ,
               and
               whether
               up
               the
               hill
               or
               down
               the
               hill
               ;
               whether
               on
               the
               smooth
               or
               on
               the
               rough
               ,
               on
               the
               wet
               or
               on
               the
               dry
               ,
               or
               on
               the
               levill
               or
               the
               earth
               somewhat
               rising
               ;
               and
               according
               as
               you
               find
               his
               nature
               ,
               so
               maintain
               him
               for
               your
               own
               advantage
               .
            
             
             
               When
               you
               have
               finished
               the
               heats
               ,
               and
               a
               little
               slightly
               gallopt
               him
               up
               and
               down
               to
               rate
               his
               wind
               and
               cheer
               his
               spirits
               ,
               you
               shall
               then
               (
               the
               Groom
               being
               ready
               )
               ride
               into
               some
               warm
               place
               ,
               as
               under
               the
               covert
               of
               some
               hedge
               ,
               wall
               ,
               bushes
               or
               trees
               ,
               into
               some
               hollow
               dry
               ditch
               ,
               pit
               ,
               or
               other
               defence
               from
               the
               air
               ,
               and
               there
               light
               ,
               and
               first
               with
               a
               glassing-knife
               or
               (
               as
               some
               call
               it
               )
               a
               scraping
               knife
               ,
               made
               either
               of
               some
               broken
               sword
               blade
               ,
               some
               old
               broken
               Sythe
               ,
               or
               for
               war
               ▪
               of
               them
               ,
               of
               a
               thin
               piece
               of
               old
               ,
               hard
               o●ke●
               wood
               ,
               and
               fashioned
               like
               a
               long
               broad
               knife
               ,
               with
               a
               sharp
               edge
               ,
               and
               using
               this
               with
               both
               your
               hands
               ,
               scrape
               off
               all
               the
               sweat
               from
               your
               horse
               in
               every
               part
               (
               buttocks
               excepted
               )
               till
               you
               find
               there
               will
               no
               more
               arise
               ;
               eve●
               and
               anon
               moving
               him
               up
               and
               down
               :
               The●
               with
               dry
               cloathes
               rub
               him
               all
               over
               painfully
               (
               buttocks
               excepted
               )
               then
               take
               of
               the
               saddle
               ,
               and
               having
               glassed
               his
               back
               and
               rub'd
               it
               neer
               dry
               ,
               put
               on
               his
               Body-cloth
               and
               Breast-cloath
               ,
               and
               set
               on
               the
               saddle
               again
               ,
               and
               girt
               it
               ,
               then
               mount
               and
               gallop
               him
               gently
               forth
               again
               a
               little
               pace
               ,
               eve●
               and
               anon
               rubbing
               his
               head
               ,
               neck
               ,
               and
               body
               as
               you
               sit
               ,
               then
               walk
               him
               about
               the
               field
               to
               cool
               him
               ;
               and
               when
               you
               find
               he
               driet●
               apace
               ,
               then
               rack
               him
               homeward
               ,
               sometime
               
               racking
               and
               sometimes
               galloping
               ;
               but
               by
               no
               means
               bring
               him
               to
               the
               Stable
               ,
               till
               you
               find
               him
               throughly
               dry
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               are
               come
               to
               the
               Stable
               dore
               ,
               ●intice
               him
               to
               empty
               ,
               then
               set
               him
               up
               and
               tie
               him
               to
               the
               Rack
               ,
               and
               (
               as
               having
               prepared
               it
               before
               )
               give
               him
               this
               scouring
               ,
               made
               in
               this
               manner
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               first
               Scouring
               :
            
             
               Take
               a
               pint
               of
               the
               Syrope
               of
               Roses
               ,
               or
               a
               pint
               of
               strong
               honyed
               water
               and
               dissolve
               into
               it
               of
               Cassia
               ,
               Agarick
               and
               Myrrhe
               ,
               of
               each
               half
               an
               ounce
               ,
               and
               symbolize
               and
               jumble
               them
               together
               in
               a
               Vyall
               glass
               .
            
             
               Then
               being
               muld
               ,
               and
               made
               warm
               at
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               the
               horse
               newly
               come
               from
               his
               heat
               (
               as
               before
               shewed
               )
               give
               him
               this
               scouring
               ,
               for
               it
               is
               a
               strong
               one
               ,
               and
               avoydeth
               all
               manner
               of
               molten
               grease
               and
               foulness
               .
            
          
           
             
               Ordering
               of
               the
               Horse
               after
               his
               scouring
               .
            
             
               As
               soon
               as
               you
               have
               given
               him
               this
               scouring
               ,
               presently
               let
               your
               Groom
               fal
               to
               rubbing
               his
               legs
               ,
               and
               do
               your self
               take
               off
               his
               saddle
               and
               cloathes
               ;
               and
               finding
               his
               body
               dry
               ,
               run
               slightly
               over
               it
               with
               your
               Curry
               comb
               ,
               after
               
               with
               the
               French
               Brush
               ,
               and
               lastly
               ,
               rub
               him
               all
               over
               with
               dry
               cloathes
               ,
               especially
               his
               head
               ,
               nape
               of
               the
               neck
               ,
               and
               about
               his
               heart
               ;
               then
               cloath
               him
               up
               warm
               as
               at
               other
               times
               ,
               and
               wisp
               him
               round
               with
               great
               warm
               wisps
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               throw
               over
               him
               a
               loose
               blanket
               ,
               it
               will
               not
               be
               amiss
               in
               these
               extraordinary
               times
               ,
               especially
               if
               the
               season
               be
               cold
               .
            
             
               The
               horse
               must
               fast
               full
               two
               hours
               afte●
               the
               receit
               of
               the
               scouring
               ;
               but
               yet
               depart
               no●
               out
               of
               the
               Stable
               ,
               but
               keep
               the
               horse
               waking
               ▪
               for
               rest
               hinder
               ;
               the
               medicine
               ,
               and
               mot
               o●
               makes
               it
               work
               .
            
             
               After
               he
               hath
               fastned
               on
               the
               bridle
               two
               hours
               ,
               then
               you
               shall
               take
               a
               handfull
               of
               wheat
               ears
               ,
               being
               your
               Polland
               wheat
               ,
               that
               is
               without
               Awnes
               ,
               and
               coming
               to
               the
               Horse
               ,
               first
               handle
               the
               roots
               of
               his
               ears
               ,
               then
               put
               your
               hands
               under
               his
               cloathes
               against
               his
               heart
               upon
               his
               flanks
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               neather
               part
               of
               his
               thighs
               ;
               and
               if
               you
               find
               any
               new
               sweat
               arise
               ,
               or
               any
               coldness
               of
               sweat
               ,
               or
               if
               you
               see
               his
               body
               beat
               ,
               or
               his
               breath
               move
               fast
               then
               forbear
               to
               give
               him
               any
               thing
               ,
               for
               it
               shews
               there
               is
               much
               soulness
               stirred
               up
               ,
               on
               which
               the
               medicine
               working
               with
               a
               conquering
               quality
               ,
               the
               horse
               is
               brought
               to
               a
               little
               sickness
               ;
               therefore
               in
               this
               case
               you
               shall
               onely
               take
               off
               his
               bridle
               ,
               put
               on
               his
               Coller
               ,
               toss
               
               up
               his
               litter
               ,
               and
               absent
               your self
               (
               having
               made
               the
               stable
               dark
               and
               still
               )
               for
               other
               two
               hours
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               utmost
               end
               of
               that
               sickness
               .
               But
               if
               you
               find
               no
               such
               offence
               ,
               then
               give
               him
               the
               ears
               of
               wheat
               ,
               by
               three
               or
               four
               together
               ,
               and
               if
               he
               eat
               this
               handfull
               give
               him
               another
               .
            
             
               After
               he
               hath
               eaten
               the
               wheat
               ears
               ,
               give
               him
               a
               little
               knob
               of
               hay
               clean
               dusted
               ,
               and
               draw
               his
               bridle
               rubbing
               his
               head
               well
               .
            
             
               An
               hour
               after
               his
               hay
               ,
               sist
               him
               a
               quart
               of
               oats
               ,
               and
               to
               them
               put
               two
               or
               three
               handfull
               of
               spelted
               beans
               ,
               which
               you
               shall
               cause
               to
               be
               reed
               and
               drest
               so
               clean
               as
               is
               possible
               from
               all
               manner
               of
               hulls
               ,
               dust
               and
               filth
               whatsoever
               ,
               so
               as
               there
               may
               be
               nothing
               but
               the
               clean
               Beans
               :
               to
               these
               oats
               and
               beans
               you
               shall
               break
               two
               or
               three
               shives
               of
               bread
               clean
               chipt
               ,
               and
               give
               all
               to
               the
               horse
               ,
               and
               so
               leave
               him
               for
               two
               or
               three
               hours
               .
            
             
               At
               evening
               (
               before
               you
               dress
               him
               )
               give
               him
               the
               like
               quantity
               of
               oates
               ,
               beans
               ,
               and
               bread
               ,
               and
               when
               he
               hath
               eaten
               them
               ,
               bridle
               him
               ,
               dress
               and
               cloathe
               him
               ;
               for
               you
               shall
               neither
               saddle
               or
               air
               him
               forth
               ,
               because
               this
               evening
               after
               his
               heat
               ,
               the
               horse
               being
               foul
               ,
               and
               the
               scouring
               yet
               working
               in
               his
               body
               ,
               he
               may
               not
               receive
               any
               cold
               water
               at
               all
               .
            
             
               After
               he
               is
               drest
               ,
               and
               hath
               stood
               two
               hours
               on
               his
               bridle
               ,
               then
               take
               three
               pints
               of
               
               clean
               sifted
               oats
               ,
               and
               wash
               them
               in
               strong
               Ale
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               to
               the
               horse
               ;
               for
               this
               will
               inwardly
               cool
               him
               as
               if
               he
               had
               drunk
               water
               .
            
             
               After
               he
               hath
               eaten
               his
               washt
               meat
               ,
               and
               rested
               upon
               it
               a
               little
               space
               ,
               you
               shall
               at
               his
               feeding
               times
               ,
               (
               which
               hath
               been
               spoken
               of
               before
               )
               with
               oats
               and
               spelt
               Beans
               ,
               or
               Oats
               and
               bread
               ,
               or
               all
               together
               ,
               or
               each
               severall
               and
               simple
               of
               it self
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               appetite
               and
               liking
               of
               the
               horse
               ,
               feed
               him
               that
               night
               in
               plentifull
               manner
               ,
               and
               leave
               a
               knob
               of
               hay
               in
               his
               rack
               when
               ye
               go
               to
               bed
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               day
               very
               early
               ,
               first
               feed
               ,
               then
               dress
               ,
               cloath
               ,
               saddle
               ,
               air
               ,
               water
               ,
               and
               bring
               home
               as
               at
               other
               times
               ;
               onely
               have
               a
               more
               carefull
               eye
               to
               his
               emptying
               ,
               and
               see
               how
               his
               grease
               and
               foulness
               wasteth
               .
            
             
               At
               his
               feeding
               times
               ,
               feed
               as
               was
               last
               shewed
               you
               ,
               onely
               but
               little
               hay
               ,
               and
               keep
               your
               heating
               days
               ,
               and
               the
               preparation
               the
               day
               before
               ,
               as
               was
               before
               shewed
               without
               omission
               or
               addition
               .
            
             
               Thus
               you
               shall
               spend
               the
               second
               fortnight
               ,
               in
               which
               your
               horse
               having
               received
               4
               heats
               ,
               horsman
               like
               given
               him
               ,
               and
               four
               scourings
               ,
               there
               is
               no
               doubt
               but
               his
               body
               will
               be
               drawn
               inwardly
               clean
               ;
               you
               shall
               then
               the
               third
               fortnight
               order
               him
               according
               to
               the
               Rules
               following
               .
            
          
        
         
         
           
             The
             third
             fortnights
             feeding
             .
          
           
             This
             third
             fortnight
             you
             shall
             make
             his
             bread
             finer
             then
             it
             was
             formerly
             ,
             as
             thus
             .
          
           
             
               The
               second
               Bread
               .
            
             
               You
               shall
               take
               two
               pecks
               of
               clean
               Beans
               ▪
               and
               two
               pecks
               of
               fine
               Wheat
               ,
               grind
               them
               on
               the
               black
               stones
               ,
               searce
               them
               through
               a
               fine
               Raunge
               ,
               and
               knead
               it
               up
               with
               Barm
               ,
               and
               great
               store
               of
               lightning
               ,
               working
               it
               in
               all
               points
               ,
               and
               baking
               it
               in
               the
               same
               sort
               as
               was
               shewed
               you
               in
               the
               former
               bread
               .
            
             
               With
               this
               bread
               ,
               having
               the
               crust
               cut
               clean
               away
               ,
               and
               being
               old
               ,
               as
               before
               shewed
               ,
               with
               spelt
               Beans
               and
               clean
               sifted
               Oats
               ,
               feed
               your
               horse
               this
               fortnight
               as
               you
               did
               the
               former
               ,
               observe
               his
               dressings
               ,
               airings
               ,
               feedings
               ,
               heatings
               ,
               and
               preparation
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               former
               fortnight
               ;
               onely
               with
               these
               differences
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               you
               shall
               not
               give
               your
               Heats
               so
               violently
               as
               before
               ,
               but
               with
               a
               little
               more
               pleasure
               ;
               as
               thus
               ,
            
             
               If
               the
               first
               heat
               have
               violence
               ,
               the
               second
               shall
               have
               ease
               ,
               and
               indeed
               none
               to
               overstrain
               him
               ,
               or
               to
               make
               his
               body
               sore
               .
            
             
               Next
               ,
               you
               shall
               not
               after
               his
               heats
               ,
               give
               him
               any
               more
               of
               the
               former
               scouring
               ;
               but
               
               instead
               thereof
               instantly
               upon
               the
               end
               of
               the
               heat
               after
               the
               horse
               is
               a
               little
               cooled
               and
               cloathed
               up
               ;
               and
               in
               the
               same
               place
               where
               you
               rub
               him
               ,
               give
               him
               a
               Ball
               as
               big
               as
               an
               hens
               egg
               of
               that
               Confection
               which
               is
               mentioned
               in
               the
               office
               of
               the
               Farrier
               ,
               and
               goeth
               by
               this
               title
               ,
            
             
               The
               true
               manner
               of
               making
               those
               Cordial
               Balls
               which
               cure
               any
               violent
               cold
               or
               glanders
               ,
               which
               ,
               &c
               ▪
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             Fourth
             and
             last
             fortnights
             feeding
             .
          
           
             The
             fourth
             and
             last
             fortnight
             you
             shall
             make
             your
             bread
             much
             finer
             then
             either
             of
             the
             former
             .
          
           
             
               The
               last
               and
               best
               Bread
               .
            
             
               Take
               three
               pecks
               of
               fine
               Wheat
               ,
               and
               one
               peck
               of
               Beans
               ,
               grind
               them
               on
               the
               black
               stones
               ,
               and
               boult
               them
               through
               the
               finest
               boulter
               you
               can
               get
               :
               then
               knead
               it
               up
               with
               sweet
               Ale
               ,
               Barm
               and
               new
               strong
               Ale
               ,
               and
               the
               Barm
               beaten
               together
               ,
               and
               the
               whites
               of
               twenty
               or
               thirty
               eggs
               ;
               but
               in
               any
               wise
               no
               water
               at
               all
               ,
               but
               in
               stead
               thereof
               some
               small
               quantity
               of
               new
               milk
               ,
               then
               work
               it
               up
               ,
               bake
               it
               ,
               and
               order
               it
               as
               the
               former
               .
            
             
               With
               this
               bread
               ,
               having
               the
               crust
               cut
               clean
               away
               ,
               and
               with
               Oats
               well
               ●unned
               ,
               beaten
               ,
               and
               rubbed
               between
               your
               hands
               ,
               then
               new
               winnowed
               ,
               
               sifted
               and
               drest
               ,
               with
               the
               purest
               spelt
               Beans
               ,
               and
               some
               fine
               Chiltern
               Wheat
               ,
               with
               any
               simple
               or
               any
               compound
               :
               feed
               your
               horse
               at
               his
               feeding
               times
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               fortnight
               last
               mentioned
               .
            
             
               You
               shall
               keep
               your
               heating
               days
               the
               first
               week
               or
               fortnight
               ,
               as
               you
               did
               the
               former
               fortnight
               ,
               but
               the
               last
               week
               you
               shall
               forbear
               one
               heat
               ,
               and
               not
               give
               any
               five
               days
               before
               the
               match
               day
               ,
               onely
               you
               shall
               give
               him
               strong
               and
               long
               airings
               .
            
             
               You
               shall
               not
               need
               this
               fortnight
               ,
               to
               give
               him
               any
               scouring
               at
               all
               .
            
             
               If
               this
               fortnight
               morning
               and
               evening
               you
               burn
               the
               best
               Frankinsence
               in
               your
               stable
               ,
               you
               shall
               find
               it
               exceeding
               wholsom
               for
               the
               Horse
               ,
               and
               he
               will
               take
               wonderfull
               delight
               therein
               .
            
             
               In
               this
               fortnight
               ,
               when
               you
               give
               the
               Horse
               any
               washt
               meat
               ,
               wash
               it
               in
               the
               whites
               of
               eggs
               ,
               or
               Muskadine
               ,
               for
               that
               is
               more
               wholsom
               and
               less
               pursie
               .
            
             
               This
               fortnight
               give
               the
               horse
               no
               hay
               ,
               but
               what
               he
               taketh
               out
               of
               your
               hand
               after
               his
               heats
               ,
               and
               that
               in
               little
               quantity
               ,
               and
               clear
               dusted
               .
            
             
               The
               last
               week
               of
               this
               fortnight
               ,
               if
               the
               horse
               be
               a
               foule
               feeder
               ,
               you
               must
               use
               the
               Muzzell
               continually
               ;
               but
               if
               he
               be
               a
               clean
               Feeder
               ,
               then
               three
               days
               before
               the
               match
               is
               sufficient
               .
            
             
             
               The
               morning
               the
               day
               before
               your
               match
               ,
               feed
               well
               both
               before
               and
               after
               airing
               ,
               and
               water
               as
               at
               other
               times
               ;
               before
               noon
               ,
               and
               after
               noon
               scant
               his
               portion
               of
               meat
               a
               little
               ;
               before
               and
               after
               evening
               airing
               ,
               feed
               as
               at
               noon
               ,
               and
               water
               as
               at
               other
               times
               ,
               but
               be
               sure
               to
               come
               home
               before
               sun-set
               .
            
             
               Late
               at
               night
               feed
               as
               you
               did
               in
               the
               evening
               .
               Now
               I
               do
               not
               set
               you
               down
               what
               meat
               to
               feed
               withall
               ,
               because
               you
               must
               be
               ruled
               according
               to
               the
               Horses
               stomack
               ,
               and
               what
               best
               he
               liketh
               ,
               of
               that
               give
               him
               a
               pretty
               pittance
               ,
               whether
               simple
               or
               compounded
               ;
               onely
               as
               neer
               as
               you
               can
               ,
               forbear
               bread
               and
               beans
               .
            
             
               This
               day
               you
               shall
               coule
               your
               horse
               ,
               shoo
               him
               ,
               and
               do
               all
               extraordinary
               things
               of
               ornament
               about
               him
               ,
               provided
               there
               be
               nothing
               to
               give
               offence
               or
               hinder
               him
               in
               feeding
               ,
               resting
               ,
               emptying
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               naturall
               or
               beneficiall
               action
               ;
               For
               I
               have
               heard
               some
               Horsmen
               say
               ;
               That
               when
               they
               had
               shod
               their
               Horses
               with
               light
               shooes
               ,
               and
               none
               other
               actions
               of
               ornament
               about
               them
               the
               night
               before
               the
               course
               ;
               that
               their
               horses
               have
               taken
               such
               speciall
               notice
               thereof
               ,
               that
               they
               have
               refused
               both
               to
               eat
               ,
               lie
               down
               ,
               or
               empty
               :
               But
               you
               must
               understand
               that
               those
               horses
               must
               be
               old
               ,
               and
               long
               experienced
               in
               this
               exercise
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               
               find
               distast
               at
               these
               actions
               ;
               as
               uneasiness
               in
               shooes
               ,
               heat
               and
               closness
               in
               the
               muzzell
               ,
               disorderly
               platting
               or
               folding
               tails
               ,
               and
               the
               like
               ,
               or
               they
               cannot
               reach
               these
               subtile
               apprehensions
               :
            
             
               For
               mine
               own
               part
               ,
               touching
               the
               nice
               and
               strait
               plaiting
               up
               of
               horses
               tails
               in
               the
               manner
               of
               Sakers
               ,
               or
               Docks
               ,
               with
               tape
               or
               ribban
               ,
               which
               is
               now
               in
               generall
               use
               ,
               howsoever
               the
               ornament
               may
               appear
               great
               to
               the
               eye
               ,
               yet
               I
               do
               not
               much
               affect
               it
               ;
               because
               I
               know
               ,
               if
               an
               ignorant
               hand
               have
               the
               workmanship
               thereof
               he
               may
               many
               ways
               give
               offence
               to
               the
               Horse
               ,
               and
               in
               avoiding
               cumbersomness
               ,
               breed
               a
               great
               deale
               more
               comber
               :
               therefore
               I
               wish
               every
               one
               ,
               rather
               to
               pass
               by
               curiosity
               (
               which
               they
               call
               necessary
               ornament
               )
               then
               by
               these
               false
               Graces
               to
               do
               injury
               to
               the
               Horse
               .
               Now
               for
               the
               necessary
               and
               indifferent
               things
               which
               are
               to
               be
               done
               .
               I
               had
               rather
               have
               them
               finished
               the
               day
               before
               ,
               then
               on
               the
               morning
               of
               the
               course
               ,
               because
               I
               would
               have
               the
               horse
               that
               morning
               to
               find
               neither
               trouble
               nor
               vexation
               .
            
             
               The
               next
               morning
               (
               which
               is
               the
               match
               day
               )
               come
               to
               the
               Horse
               very
               early
               ,
               take
               off
               his
               Muzzell
               ,
               rub
               his
               head
               well
               ,
               right
               his
               cloathes
               ,
               and
               give
               them
               ease
               by
               unwisping
               ,
               and
               using
               the
               plain
               Circingle
               ;
               then
               give
               him
               a
               pretty
               quaintity
               of
               oats
               washed
               in
               Muskadine
               ,
               
               or
               the
               whites
               of
               eggs
               ;
               or
               if
               he
               refuse
               them
               ,
               try
               him
               with
               fine
               drest
               oats
               mixt
               with
               wheat
               ,
               or
               oats
               simple
               :
               when
               he
               hath
               eaten
               them
               ,
               if
               he
               be
               an
               evil
               or
               slow
               emptier
               ,
               walk
               him
               abroad
               ,
               &
               in
               the
               places
               where
               he
               used
               to
               empty
               ,
               there
               intice
               him
               to
               empty
               ,
               which
               as
               soon
               as
               he
               hath
               done
               ,
               bring
               him
               home
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               rest
               till
               you
               have
               warning
               to
               make
               ready
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               he
               be
               a
               good
               and
               free
               emptier
               ,
               then
               stir
               him
               not
               ,
               but
               let
               him
               lie
               quiet
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               have
               warning
               to
               make
               ready
               ,
               come
               to
               the
               Horse
               ,
               and
               having
               washt
               his
               snaffle
               with
               Muskadine
               ,
               take
               off
               the
               Muzzle
               and
               bridle
               him
               up
               ;
               but
               before
               you
               bridle
               ,
               if
               you
               think
               him
               too
               empty
               ,
               give
               him
               three
               or
               four
               mouthsfull
               of
               the
               washed
               meat
               last
               spoken
               of
               ,
               then
               bridle
               up
               and
               dress
               him
               ;
               after
               pitch
               the
               Saddle
               and
               Girths
               with
               Cordwainers
               wax
               ,
               set
               it
               on
               and
               girt
               it
               gently
               ,
               so
               as
               he
               may
               have
               a
               feeling
               ,
               but
               no
               straitness
               :
               then
               lay
               a
               clean
               sheet
               over
               the
               saddle
               ,
               over
               it
               his
               ordinary
               cloathes
               ,
               then
               his
               body-cloth
               and
               breast-cloath
               ,
               and
               wisp
               him
               round
               with
               soft
               wisps
               ;
               then
               if
               you
               have
               a
               counterpane
               ,
               or
               cloath
               of
               State
               for
               bravery
               sake
               ,
               let
               it
               be
               fastned
               above
               all
               .
               Being
               now
               ready
               to
               draw
               out
               ,
               give
               him
               half
               a
               pint
               of
               Muskadine
               ,
               and
               so
               lead
               away
               .
            
             
               In
               all
               your
               leadings
               upon
               the
               course
               ,
               use
               
               gentle
               and
               calm
               motions
               ,
               suffering
               the
               horse
               ●o
               smell
               on
               every
               dung
               .
               And
               in
               especiall
               pla●es
               of
               advantage
               ,
               as
               where
               you
               find
               rushes
               ,
               ●ong
               grass
               lying
               ,
               heath
               ,
               or
               the
               like
               ,
               walk
               him
               ●n
               ,
               and
               intice
               him
               to
               piss
               .
               But
               if
               you
               find
               no
               such
               help
               ,
               then
               in
               especial
               places
               on
               the
               course
               and
               chiefly
               towards
               the
               later
               end
               ,
               (
               and
               having
               ●sed
               the
               same
               means
               before
               )
               break
               some
               of
               the
               wisps
               under
               him
               ,
               and
               intice
               him
               to
               piss
               .
            
             
               Also
               in
               your
               leading
               ,
               if
               any
               white
               or
               thick
               foam
               or
               froth
               rise
               about
               the
               horses
               mouth
               ,
               with
               a
               clean
               handkerchiefe
               wipe
               it
               away
               ,
               and
               carrying
               a
               bottle
               of
               clean
               water
               about
               you
               ,
               wash
               his
               mouth
               now
               and
               then
               therewith
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               come
               to
               the
               place
               of
               start
               ,
               before
               you
               uncloath
               ,
               rub
               or
               chase
               his
               leggs
               with
               hard
               wisps
               ;
               then
               pick
               his
               feet
               ,
               uncloath
               ,
               wash
               his
               mouth
               with
               water
               ,
               mount
               his
               Rider
               ,
               start
               fair
               ,
               and
               leave
               the
               rest
               to
               Gods
               good
               will
               and
               pleasure
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Certain
             necessary
             Observations
             and
             Advantages
             for
             every
             Feeder
             to
             observe
             in
             sundry
             Accidents
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             no
             unreasonable
             creature
             of
             pleasure
             subject
             to
             so
             many
             disastrous
             chances
             of
             Fortune
             ,
             as
             the
             Horse
             ,
             and
             especially
             the
             
             running
             horse
             ,
             both
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             multiplicity
             of
             diseases
             belonging
             unto
             them
             ,
             as
             also
             the
             violence
             of
             their
             exercise
             ,
             and
             the
             nice
             tenderness
             of
             their
             keeping
             :
             and
             therefore
             it
             behoveth
             every
             Feeder
             to
             be
             armed
             with
             such
             observations
             as
             may
             discern
             mischiefs
             ,
             and
             those
             helps
             which
             may
             amend
             them
             when
             they
             happen
             .
          
           
             
               Of
               meat
               and
               Drink
            
             
               The
               first
               observation
               therefore
               that
               I
               would
               arm
               our
               Feeder
               withall
               ,
               is
               the
               true
               distribution
               of
               meat
               and
               drink
               .
            
             
               Let
               him
               then
               observe
               if
               there
               be
               any
               meat
               or
               drink
               ,
               or
               other
               nourishment
               which
               he
               knoweth
               to
               be
               good
               for
               the
               horse
               ,
               yet
               he
               refuseth
               to
               eat
               it
               :
               in
               this
               case
               he
               shall
               not
               violently
               thrust
               it
               upon
               him
               ,
               or
               by
               force
               cram
               him
               therewith
               ,
               but
               by
               gentle
               degrees
               and
               cunning
               inticements
               ,
               and
               by
               process
               of
               time
               ,
               win
               him
               thereunto
               ,
               tempting
               him
               when
               he
               is
               most
               hungry
               or
               most
               dry
               ;
               and
               if
               he
               get
               but
               a
               bit
               at
               a
               time
               ,
               it
               will
               soon
               increase
               to
               a
               greater
               quantity
               ,
               and
               ever
               let
               him
               have
               less
               then
               he
               desireth
               ;
               and
               that
               he
               may
               the
               sooner
               be
               brought
               unto
               it
               ,
               mix
               the
               meat
               he
               loveth
               best
               with
               that
               he
               loveth
               worst
               ,
               till
               both
               be
               made
               alike
               familiar
               ,
               and
               so
               shall
               the
               horse
               be
               stranger
               to
               nothing
               that
               is
               good
               or
               wholsome
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               Observation
               for
               Lameness
               .
            
             
               Our
               Feeder
               must
               observe
               if
               his
               horse
               be
               subject
               to
               lameness
               or
               stifness
               ,
               to
               surbait
               or
               tenderness
               of
               feet
               ,
               then
               to
               give
               him
               his
               heats
               upon
               smooth
               Carpet
               earth
               ,
               and
               to
               forbear
               strong
               ground
               ,
               hard
               high-ways
               ,
               cross
               ruts
               and
               ●urrows
               till
               extremity
               compell
               him
               .
            
          
           
             
               Observation
               from
               the
               estate
               of
               the
               body
               .
            
             
               Our
               Feeder
               must
               observe
               ,
               that
               the
               strongest
               estate
               of
               body
               (
               which
               I
               account
               the
               highest
               and
               fullest
               of
               flesh
               ,
               so
               it
               be
               good
               ,
               hard
               ,
               and
               without
               inward
               foulness
               )
               to
               be
               the
               best
               and
               ablest
               for
               the
               performance
               of
               these
               wagers
               ;
               yet
               he
               must
               herein
               take
               two
               considerations
               :
               the
               one
               the
               shape
               of
               the
               horses
               body
               ,
               the
               other
               his
               inclination
               and
               manner
               of
               feeding
               .
            
             
               For
               the
               shape
               of
               body
               ,
               There
               be
               some
               horses
               that
               are
               round
               ,
               plump
               ,
               and
               close
               knit
               together
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               will
               appear
               fat
               and
               wel
               shaped
               ,
               when
               they
               are
               lean
               and
               in
               poverty
               .
               Others
               are
               raw-boned
               ,
               slender
               ,
               and
               loose
               knit
               together
               ,
               and
               will
               appear
               lean
               and
               deformed
               when
               they
               are
               fat
               ,
               foul
               ,
               and
               full
               of
               gross
               humors
               .
            
             
             
               So
               likewise
               for
               their
               Inclinations
               ,
               som●
               horses
               as
               the
               first
               )
               will
               feed
               outwardly
               ,
               and
               carry
               a
               thick
               rib
               ,
               when
               they
               are
               inwardly
               clean
               as
               may
               be
               .
               There
               be
               others
               (
               as
               the
               later
               )
               that
               will
               appear
               lean
               to
               the
               eye
               ,
               and
               she●
               nothing
               but
               skin
               and
               bone
               ,
               when
               they
               are
               inwardly
               onely
               greasie
               .
               In
               this
               case
               the
               Feede●
               hath
               two
               helps
               to
               advantage
               his
               knowledge
               the
               one
               outward
               ,
               the
               other
               inward
               .
            
             
               The
               outward
               help
               is
               the
               outward
               handling
               and
               feeling
               of
               the
               horses
               body
               generally
               ove●
               all
               his
               ribs
               ,
               but
               particularly
               upon
               his
               sho●●
               and
               hindmost
               ribs
               .
            
             
               If
               his
               flesh
               generally
               handle
               soft
               and
               loos●
               ,
               and
               the
               fingers
               sink
               into
               it
               as
               into
               Down
               ▪
               then
               is
               the
               horse
               foul
               without
               all
               question
               but
               if
               generally
               it
               be
               hard
               and
               firm
               ,
               only
               upon
               the
               hind
               most
               rib
               is
               softness
               ,
               then
               he
               h●t●
               grease
               and
               foul
               matter
               within
               him
               ,
               whic●
               must
               be
               avoided
               ,
               how
               lean
               or
               poor
               soever
               h●
               appear
               in
               outward
               speculation
               .
            
             
               The
               inward
               help
               is
               onely
               sharp
               exercis●
               and
               strong
               scourings
               :
               the
               first
               will
               dissol●●
               the
               foulness
               ,
               the
               later
               will
               bring
               it
               away
               .
            
          
           
             
               Observation
               from
               the
               privy
               parts
               .
            
             
               Our
               Feeder
               must
               observe
               his
               horses
               stones
               for
               if
               they
               hang
               down
               side
               ,
               or
               low
               from
               h●
               body
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               horse
               out
               of
               lust
               and
               hear●
               
               and
               is
               either
               sick
               of
               grease
               ,
               or
               other
               foul
               humors
               ;
               but
               if
               they
               he
               close
               couched
               up
               ,
               and
               hid
               in
               a
               small
               room
               ,
               then
               is
               he
               healthfull
               and
               in
               good
               plight
               .
            
          
           
             
               Observation
               for
               the
               Limbs
               .
            
             
               Our
               Feeder
               must
               observe
               ever
               the
               nig●t
               before
               he
               runs
               any
               match
               ,
               or
               sore
               heat
               ,
               to
               bath
               his
               Horse
               leggs
               well
               from
               the
               knees
               and
               cambrels
               downwards
               ,
               either
               with
               clarified
               Doggs
               grease
               (
               which
               is
               the
               best
               )
               or
               Trotters
               oyl
               (
               which
               is
               the
               next
               )
               or
               else
               the
               best
               Ho●s
               grease
               ,
               which
               is
               sufficient
               ,
               and
               to
               work
               i●
               in
               with
               the
               labour
               of
               his
               hands
               ,
               and
               not
               with
               fire
               :
               for
               what
               he
               gets
               not
               in
               the
               first
               night
               ,
               will
               be
               got
               in
               the
               next
               morning
               ;
               and
               what
               is
               not
               got
               in
               the
               next
               morning
               ,
               will
               bee
               got
               in
               when
               he
               comes
               to
               uncloath
               at
               the
               end
               of
               the
               course
               :
               so
               that
               you
               shall
               need
               to
               use
               the
               oyntment
               but
               once
               ;
               but
               the
               Friscase
               or
               Rubbing
               as
               oft
               as
               you
               find
               opportunity
               .
            
          
           
             
               Observation
               for
               water
               .
            
             
               Our
               Feeder
               shall
               observe
               ,
               that
               albeit
               I
               give
               no
               direction
               for
               watering
               the
               horse
               after
               the
               heats
               ,
               yet
               he
               may
               in
               any
               of
               the
               later
               fortnights
               (
               finding
               his
               horse
               clean
               and
               his
               grease
               consumed
               )
               somwhat
               late
               at
               night
               ,
               as
               about
               
               six
               a
               clock
               give
               him
               water
               in
               reasonable
               quantity
               being
               made
               luke
               warm
               ,
               and
               fasting
               an
               hour
               after
               it
               .
               Also
               if
               through
               the
               unseasonableness
               of
               the
               weather
               ,
               you
               cannot
               water
               abroad
               ,
               then
               you
               shall
               at
               your
               watering
               hours
               water
               in
               the
               house
               with
               warm
               water
               as
               aforesaid
               .
               Nor
               need
               you
               in
               this
               case
               heat
               all
               your
               water
               ,
               but
               making
               a
               little
               very
               hot
               ,
               put
               it
               into
               a
               greater
               ,
               and
               so
               make
               all
               luke-warm
               .
               If
               you
               throw
               an
               handfull
               of
               Wheat-meal
               ,
               Bran
               ,
               or
               Oat-meal
               finely
               powdred
               (
               but
               Oat-meal
               is
               the
               best
               )
               into
               the
               water
               ,
               it
               is
               very
               wholsome
               .
            
          
           
             
               Observation
               for
               the
               ground
               to
               run
               on
               .
            
             
               Our
               Feeder
               shall
               observe
               .
               That
               if
               the
               ground
               whereon
               he
               is
               to
               run
               his
               match
               ,
               be
               dangerous
               ,
               and
               apt
               for
               mischievous
               accidents
               ,
               as
               strains
               ,
               over-reaches
               ,
               sinew
               bruises
               ,
               and
               the
               like
               ,
               that
               then
               he
               is
               not
               bound
               to
               give
               all
               his
               heats
               thereon
               ;
               but
               having
               made
               the
               Horse
               acquainted
               ,
               with
               the
               nature
               thereof
               ,
               then
               either
               to
               take
               part
               of
               the
               Course
               ,
               as
               a
               mile
               ,
               two
               or
               three
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               goodness
               of
               the
               ground
               ,
               and
               so
               to
               run
               his
               horse
               forth
               and
               again
               (
               which
               we
               call
               turning
               heats
               )
               provided
               always
               that
               he
               end
               his
               heat
               at
               the
               weighing-post
               ,
               and
               that
               he
               make
               not
               his
               course
               less
               but
               rather
               more
               in
               quantity
               then
               
               that
               he
               must
               run
               .
               But
               if
               for
               some
               especiall
               causes
               he
               like
               no
               part
               of
               the
               course
               ;
               then
               he
               may
               many
               times
               (
               but
               not
               ever
               )
               give
               his
               heat
               upon
               any
               other
               good
               ground
               ,
               about
               any
               spatious
               and
               large
               field
               ,
               where
               the
               horse
               may
               lay
               down
               his
               body
               ,
               and
               run
               at
               pleasure
               .
            
          
           
             
               Observation
               from
               Sweat
               .
            
             
               Our
               feeder
               shall
               take
               especiall
               regard
               in
               al
               his
               airings
               ,
               heatings
               ,
               and
               all
               manner
               of
               exercises
               whatsoever
               to
               the
               sweating
               of
               his
               horse
               ,
               and
               the
               occasions
               of
               his
               sweating
               ;
               as
               if
               an
               horse
               sweat
               upon
               little
               or
               no
               occasion
               ;
               as
               walking
               a
               foot
               pace
               ,
               standing
               stil
               in
               the
               stable
               ,
               and
               the
               like
               ,
               it
               is
               then
               apparent
               that
               the
               horse
               i●
               faint
               ,
               foul
               fed
               ,
               and
               wanteth
               exercise
               .
            
             
               If
               upon
               good
               occasion
               ,
               as
               strong
               heats
               ,
               great
               labour
               and
               the
               like
               ,
               he
               sweat
               ,
               yet
               his
               sweat
               is
               white
               froth
               and
               like
               sope-suds
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               horse
               inwardly
               soul
               ,
               and
               wanteth
               also
               exercise
               But
               if
               the
               sweat
               be
               black
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               were
               only
               water
               thrown
               upon
               him
               ,
               without
               any
               frothiness
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               horse
               clean
               fed
               ,
               in
               good
               lust
               and
               good
               case
               ,
               and
               you
               may
               adventure
               riding
               without
               danger
               .
            
          
           
             
               Observation
               from
               the
               Hair
               .
            
             
               Our
               Feeder
               shall
               observe
               his
               horses
               Hair
               
               in
               generall
               ,
               but
               especially
               his
               neck
               ,
               and
               those
               parts
               which
               are
               uncovered
               ,
               and
               if
               they
               lie
               slick
               ,
               smooth
               and
               close
               ,
               and
               hold
               the
               beauty
               of
               their
               naturall
               colour
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               Horse
               in
               good
               case
               ;
               but
               if
               they
               be
               rough
               ,
               or
               staring
               ,
               or
               if
               they
               be
               discoloured
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               horse
               inwardly
               cold
               at
               the
               heart
               ,
               and
               wanteth
               both
               cloathes
               and
               warm
               keeping
               .
            
             
               Many
               other
               Observations
               there
               be
               ,
               but
               these
               are
               most
               materiall
               ,
               and
               I
               hope
               sufficient
               for
               any
               reasonable
               understanding
               ▪
            
          
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           OFFICE
           OF
           THE
           KEEPER
           .
        
         
           
             How
             to
             keep
             any
             Horse
             for
             pleasure
             ,
             Hunting
             or
             Travel
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             I
             Would
             have
             our
             Keeper
             of
             these
             ordered
             Horses
             ,
             to
             rise
             early
             in
             the
             morning
             of
             day
             ,
             or
             before
             (
             according
             to
             the
             season
             of
             the
             year
             )
             and
             to
             sift
             the
             Horse
             the
             quantity
             of
             three
             pints
             of
             good
             ,
             old
             and
             dry
             Oats
             ,
             and
             put
             to
             them
             an
             hand
             full
             or
             two
             of
             spelt
             Beans
             ,
             hulls
             and
             all
             ,
             and
             so
             give
             them
             to
             the
             Horse
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             Dressing
             and
             Watering
             .
          
           
             After
             he
             hath
             eaten
             them
             ,
             let
             him
             dres
             him
             ,
             that
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             he
             shall
             first
             curry
             him
             all
             over
             with
             the
             Iron
             comb
             ,
             from
             the
             head
             to
             the
             tail
             ,
             from
             the
             top
             of
             the
             shoulder
             to
             the
             knee
             ,
             and
             from
             the
             top
             of
             his
             buttock
             to
             the
             hinder
             cambrell
             ;
             then
             dust
             him
             all
             over
             with
             a
             clean
             dusting
             cloath
             ,
             or
             with
             an
             horse
             
             tail
             made
             fast
             to
             an
             handle
             :
             then
             curry
             him
             all
             over
             with
             the
             french
             brush
             ,
             beginning
             with
             his
             forehead
             ,
             temples
             and
             cheeks
             ,
             so
             down
             his
             neck
             ,
             shoulders
             and
             fore
             leggs
             ,
             even
             to
             the
             setting
             on
             of
             his
             Hooves
             ,
             so
             alongst
             his
             sides
             and
             under
             his
             belly
             ;
             and
             lastly
             ,
             all
             about
             his
             buttocks
             and
             hinder
             leggs
             ,
             even
             to
             the
             ground
             ;
             then
             you
             shall
             go
             over
             again
             with
             your
             duster
             ,
             then
             over
             all
             parts
             with
             your
             wet
             hands
             ,
             and
             not
             leave
             (
             as
             neer
             as
             you
             can
             one
             loose
             hair
             about
             him
             ,
             nor
             one
             wet
             hair
             ;
             for
             what
             your
             hands
             did
             wet
             ,
             your
             hands
             must
             rub
             dry
             again
             :
             you
             shall
             also
             with
             your
             wet
             hands
             cleanse
             his
             sheath
             ,
             his
             yard
             ,
             his
             cods
             and
             his
             tuell
             ,
             and
             indeed
             not
             leave
             any
             secret
             place
             uncleansed
             ,
             as
             ears
             ,
             nostrils
             ,
             fore-bowels
             ,
             and
             between
             his
             hinder
             thighs
             ,
             Then
             you
             shall
             take
             an
             hair-cloath
             and
             with
             it
             rub
             him
             all
             over
             ,
             but
             especially
             his
             head
             ,
             face
             ,
             eyes
             ,
             cheeks
             ,
             between
             his
             chaps
             ,
             on
             the
             top
             of
             his
             fore-head
             ,
             in
             the
             nape
             of
             the
             neck
             ,
             down
             his
             leggs
             ,
             feetlocks
             and
             about
             his
             pasterns
             .
             Lastly
             ,
             you
             shall
             take
             a
             clean
             woolen
             cloath
             ,
             and
             with
             it
             rub
             him
             all
             over
             ,
             beginning
             with
             his
             head
             and
             face
             ,
             and
             so
             passing
             through
             all
             parts
             of
             his
             body
             and
             limbs
             before
             spoken
             of
             .
             Then
             take
             a
             wet
             mane-cloath
             ,
             and
             comb
             down
             his
             mane
             and
             tail
             .
          
           
             Then
             saddle
             him
             and
             ride
             him
             out
             to
             water
             ,
             
             warm
             him
             both
             before
             and
             after
             water
             very
             moderately
             ,
             and
             so
             bring
             him
             home
             dry
             without
             sweat
             ;
             then
             cloath
             him
             up
             ,
             after
             you
             have
             rubbed
             his
             head
             ,
             body
             and
             leggs
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             stand
             on
             his
             bridle
             more
             then
             an
             hour
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ordinary-Keeping
          
           
             After
             he
             hath
             stood
             an
             hour
             ,
             give
             him
             the
             former
             quantity
             of
             provender
             ,
             and
             the
             same
             in
             kind
             .
          
           
             After
             he
             hath
             eaten
             his
             provender
             ,
             give
             him
             into
             his
             rack
             a
             pretty
             bundle
             of
             hay
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             him
             rest
             till
             noon
             .
          
           
             At
             noon
             give
             him
             the
             former
             quantity
             of
             provender
             ,
             and
             the
             same
             in
             kind
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             him
             rest
             till
             evening
             ,
             onely
             renewing
             his
             hay
             if
             there
             be
             occasion
             .
          
           
             At
             evening
             dress
             him
             as
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             then
             ride
             him
             forth
             to
             water
             ,
             and
             do
             as
             you
             did
             in
             the
             morning
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             come
             home
             and
             have
             cloathed
             him
             up
             ,
             let
             him
             stand
             on
             his
             bridle
             as
             before
             ,
             then
             give
             him
             the
             former
             quantity
             of
             provender
             ,
             so
             let
             him
             rest
             till
             nine
             a
             clock
             at
             night
             ;
             at
             which
             time
             give
             him
             the
             former
             quantity
             of
             provender
             ,
             and
             a
             pretty
             bundle
             of
             hay
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             him
             rest
             till
             the
             next
             morning
             .
          
           
           
             Also
             observing
             ordinary
             keeping
             ever
             after
             your
             dressing
             ,
             and
             at
             such
             times
             as
             you
             find
             best
             convenience
             ,
             to
             bathe
             all
             his
             fore-leggs
             from
             the
             knees
             and
             Cambrels
             downward
             with
             cold
             water
             ,
             for
             it
             is
             wholsome
             ,
             and
             both
             comforteth
             the
             sinews
             ,
             and
             prevents
             scabbs
             and
             swellings
             .
          
        
         
           
             Keeping
             in
             Travell
             and
             Sport
             .
          
           
             Thus
             you
             shall
             do
             concerning
             his
             ordinary
             keeping
             at
             home
             where
             the
             Horse
             hath
             rest
             and
             that
             you
             may
             dispose
             of
             hours
             as
             you
             please
             ▪
             but
             if
             you
             be
             either
             in
             travel
             ,
             in
             sport
             ,
             or
             other
             occasion
             ,
             so
             that
             you
             cannot
             observe
             these
             particular
             times
             ,
             then
             you
             must
             divide
             the
             main
             and
             whole
             quantity
             of
             mea●
             into
             fewer
             parts
             and
             greater
             quantities
             ,
             and
             so
             give
             them
             at
             the
             best
             convenience
             ,
             ever
             observing
             to
             give
             the
             least
             quantity
             before
             travel
             as
             a
             third
             part
             before
             mounture
             ,
             and
             the
             two
             other
             when
             you
             come
             to
             rest
             .
          
           
             Nor
             would
             I
             have
             you
             to
             distract
             your
             mind
             with
             any
             doubt
             or
             amazement
             ,
             because
             I
             prescribe
             you
             five
             severall
             times
             of
             feeding
             in
             one
             day
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             should
             either
             over-charge
             you
             ,
             or
             over-feed
             your
             horse
             :
             questionless
             there
             is
             no
             such
             matter
             when
             you
             look
             into
             the
             true
             proportion
             :
             for
             it
             cannot
             be
             denied
             that
             whosoever
             is
             worthy
             of
             a
             good
             horse
             ,
             
             or
             good
             means
             to
             keep
             a
             good
             horse
             ,
             cannot
             allow
             him
             less
             then
             one
             peck
             a
             day
             ;
             nay
             ,
             the
             Carrier
             .
             Carter
             ,
             Poulter
             and
             Packhorse
             ,
             will
             allow
             half
             a
             peck
             at
             waterings
             ,
             and
             this
             allowance
             which
             I
             set
             down
             comes
             to
             no
             more
             :
             for
             fifteen
             pints
             of
             oats
             ,
             and
             one
             pint
             of
             spelt
             beans
             upheaped
             ,
             makes
             two
             gallons
             ,
             and
             that
             is
             one
             peck
             
               Winchester
            
             measure
             .
          
           
             Now
             to
             give
             it
             at
             twice
             it
             fills
             the
             stomack
             more
             ,
             makes
             the
             digestion
             wors●
             ,
             and
             the
             appetite
             weak
             :
             whereas
             to
             give
             less
             ,
             but
             more
             oft
             ,
             the
             stomack
             is
             ever
             craving
             ,
             the
             digestion
             always
             ready
             ,
             and
             the
             appetite
             never
             wanting
             ,
             so
             that
             health
             (
             without
             disorder
             )
             can
             never
             be
             a
             stranger
             ,
             therefore
             once
             again
             thus
             for
             ordinary
             keeping
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             giving
             Heats
             ,
             Hunting
             and
             Travell
             .
          
           
             But
             if
             you
             intend
             to
             give
             an
             heat
             ,
             as
             to
             hunt
             ,
             gallop
             ,
             travell
             ,
             or
             the
             like
             ,
             (
             which
             I
             would
             wish
             you
             to
             do
             once
             ,
             twice
             ,
             or
             thrice
             a
             week
             according
             to
             the
             ability
             of
             your
             horse
             )
             then
             observe
             all
             your
             former
             observations
             ,
             onely
             the
             night
             before
             give
             him
             little
             or
             no
             hay
             at
             all
             :
          
           
             In
             the
             morning
             before
             his
             heat
             very
             early
             and
             before
             his
             dressing
             ,
             give
             him
             three
             or
             four
             handfull
             of
             clean
             sifted
             oats
             ,
             washt
             either
             in
             strong
             Beer
             or
             Ale
             .
             Then
             dress
             him
             ,
             
             saddle
             him
             ,
             and
             give
             him
             his
             hear
             ,
             he
             having
             first
             emptied
             himself
             well
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ordering
             after
             Labour
             :
          
           
             After
             his
             heat
             ▪
             ,
             or
             end
             of
             labour
             ,
             rub
             him
             carefully
             ,
             and
             bring
             him
             ▪
             dry
             into
             the
             stable
             ;
             then
             after
             he
             is
             cloathed
             up
             ,
             let
             him
             stand
             on
             his
             bridle
             at
             least
             two
             hours
             ,
             then
             give
             him
             a
             little
             bundle
             of
             hay
             to
             teare
             out
             upon
             his
             bridle
             ,
             and
             an
             hour
             after
             feed
             him
             as
             hath
             been
             before
             shewed
             ,
             onely
             with
             his
             first
             oats
             give
             him
             an
             handfull
             or
             better
             of
             hemp-seed
             well
             dusted
             and
             mixt
             .
          
           
             At
             night
             warm
             him
             a
             little
             water
             and
             give
             it
             him
             luke-warm
             ,
             with
             a
             little
             fine
             pounded
             Oatmeal
             thrown
             upon
             it
             ,
             then
             an
             hour
             after
             give
             him
             his
             provender
             ,
             and
             a
             pretty
             bundle
             of
             hay
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             him
             rest
             till
             the
             next
             morning
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             morning
             do
             all
             things
             as
             in
             his
             ordinary
             keeping
             .
          
        
         
           
             Some
             especiall
             Precepts
             .
          
           
             If
             he
             be
             a
             choice
             horse
             let
             him
             stand
             on
             litter
             both
             night
             and
             day
             ,
             yet
             change
             oft
             and
             keep
             the
             planchers
             clean
             .
             If
             he
             be
             otherwise
             ,
             then
             use
             your
             own
             discretion
             .
          
           
             If
             you
             intend
             to
             travell
             or
             journey
             in
             
             the
             morning
             ,
             then
             give
             no
             hay
             ,
             or
             but
             little
             the
             night
             before
             ;
             if
             you
             journey
             in
             the
             afternoon
             ,
             then
             give
             no
             hay
             ,
             or
             but
             little
             in
             the
             morning
             .
          
           
             If
             your
             horse
             sweat
             by
             exercise
             ,
             take
             off
             the
             sweat
             (
             before
             you
             rub
             him
             )
             with
             the
             Glassing-knife
             ,
             which
             is
             either
             a
             piece
             of
             a
             broken
             sword-blade
             ,
             or
             a
             piece
             of
             a
             broken
             Syth
             ,
             for
             this
             will
             make
             a
             clean
             ,
             a
             smooth
             ,
             and
             a
             shining
             coat
             .
          
           
             In
             journeying
             ride
             moderately
             the
             first
             hour
             or
             two
             ,
             but
             after
             according
             to
             your
             occassions
             :
          
           
             Water
             before
             you
             come
             to
             your
             Inne
             ,
             if
             you
             can
             possibly
             ;
             but
             if
             you
             cannot
             ,
             then
             give
             warm
             water
             in
             the
             Inne
             ,
             after
             the
             Horse
             hath
             fed
             ,
             and
             is
             fully
             cooled
             within
             ,
             and
             outwardly
             dried
             .
          
           
             Trotters
             oyl
             is
             an
             excellent
             oyntment
             ,
             being
             applied
             very
             warm
             ,
             and
             well
             chafed
             into
             your
             horses
             limbs
             and
             sinews
             ,
             to
             nimble
             and
             help
             stifness
             and
             lameness
             .
             And
             Dogs
             grease
             is
             better
             ,
             therefore
             never
             want
             one
             of
             them
             in
             your
             stable
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             washing
             and
             Walking
             .
          
           
             Neither
             wash
             your
             horse
             nor
             walk
             your
             horse
             ;
             for
             the
             first
             indangereth
             foundring
             in
             the
             body
             or
             feet
             ,
             and
             breedeth
             all
             surfaits
             ;
             
             the
             latter
             is
             the
             ground
             of
             all
             strong
             colds
             ,
             which
             turn
             to
             glanders
             and
             rottenness
             ;
             but
             if
             necessity
             compell
             you
             to
             either
             ,
             as
             foul
             waies
             ;
             or
             long
             stays
             ,
             then
             rather
             wash
             your
             Horses
             leggs
             with
             pailes
             of
             water
             at
             the
             stable
             door
             ,
             then
             to
             indanger
             him
             in
             either
             pond
             or
             river
             .
             And
             for
             walking
             ,
             rather
             sit
             on
             his
             back
             to
             keep
             his
             Spirits
             stirring
             ,
             then
             to
             lead
             him
             in
             his
             hand
             ,
             and
             with
             dull
             spirits
             to
             receive
             all
             manner
             of
             mischiefs
             .
          
        
         
           This
           I
           think
           sufficient
           for
           the
           office
           of
           the
           Keeper
           .
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           OFFICE
           OF
           THE
           AMBLER
           .
        
         
           
             Observations
             in
             Ambling
             .
          
           
             THere
             is
             not
             any
             motion
             in
             an
             horse
             more
             desired
             ,
             more
             usefull
             ,
             nor
             indeed
             more
             hard
             to
             be
             attained
             unto
             by
             a
             right
             way
             ,
             then
             the
             motion
             of
             Ambling
             ;
             and
             yet
             (
             is
             we
             will
             beleeve
             the
             protestations
             of
             the
             Professors
             )
             not
             any
             thing
             in
             all
             the
             Art
             of
             Horsmanship
             more
             easie
             ,
             or
             more
             severall
             ways
             to
             be
             effected
             ,
             every
             man
             conceiving
             to
             himself
             a
             severall
             method
             ,
             and
             all
             those
             methods
             held
             as
             infallible
             maxims
             that
             can
             never
             fail
             in
             the
             accomplishment
             of
             the
             work
             .
          
        
         
           
             Mens
             opinions
             and
             Errors
             .
          
           
             But
             they
             which
             know
             truths
             ,
             know
             the
             errors
             in
             these
             opinions
             ,
             for
             albeit
             every
             man
             that
             hath
             hardly
             a
             smell
             of
             Horsmanship
             ,
             can
             discourse
             of
             a
             way
             how
             to
             make
             an
             horse
             amble
             ,
             yet
             when
             they
             come
             to
             the
             performance
             
             of
             the
             motion
             ,
             their
             failings
             are
             so
             great
             ,
             and
             their
             errors
             so
             gross
             ,
             that
             for
             mine
             own
             part
             ,
             I
             never
             yet
             saw
             an
             exact
             Ambler
             .
             I
             confess
             some
             one
             man
             may
             make
             some
             one
             horse
             amble
             well
             and
             perfectly
             ;
             nay
             ,
             more
             then
             one
             ,
             peradventure
             many
             ,
             and
             thereby
             assume
             to
             himself
             a
             name
             of
             perfection
             ,
             yet
             such
             a
             man
             have
             I
             seen
             erre
             grosly
             ,
             and
             spoyl
             more
             then
             his
             labour
             was
             able
             to
             recompence
             .
          
           
             But
             leaving
             mens
             errors
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             past
             my
             reformation
             ,
             I
             will
             onely
             touch
             at
             some
             principall
             observations
             which
             in
             mine
             opinion
             I
             hold
             to
             be
             the
             easiest
             ▪
             the
             certainest
             and
             readiest
             for
             the
             effecting
             of
             this
             work
             ;
             and
             withall
             glance
             at
             those
             absurdities
             which
             I
             have
             seen
             followed
             ,
             though
             to
             little
             purpose
             ,
             and
             less
             benefit
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ambling
             by
             the
             plowed
             field
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             one
             commends
             the
             new
             plowed
             lands
             ,
             and
             affirms
             ,
             that
             by
             toyling
             the
             horse
             thereon
             in
             his
             foot
             pace
             ,
             there
             is
             no
             way
             so
             excellent
             for
             the
             making
             of
             him
             to
             amble
             ;
             but
             he
             forgets
             what
             weakness
             ,
             nay
             what
             lameness
             ,
             such
             disorderly
             toyle
             brings
             to
             a
             young
             horse
             nay
             to
             any
             horse
             ;
             because
             the
             work
             cannot
             be
             done
             without
             weariness
             ,
             and
             no
             weariness
             is
             wholsome
             ▪
          
        
         
         
           
             Ambling
             by
             the
             Gallop
             ▪
          
           
             Another
             will
             teach
             his
             horse
             to
             amble
             from
             the
             Gallop
             ,
             by
             sudden
             stopping
             ,
             a
             more
             sudden
             chocking
             him
             in
             the
             cheeks
             of
             the
             mouth
             ,
             thrusting
             the
             horse
             into
             such
             an
             am●●edness
             betwixt
             his
             gallop
             and
             his
             trot
             ,
             that
             losing
             both
             he
             cannot
             chuse
             but
             find
             out
             ambling
             .
          
           
             But
             this
             man
             forgets
             not
             alone
             the
             error
             before
             spoken
             ,
             (
             which
             is
             too
             great
             toyle
             )
             but
             also
             spoyls
             a
             good
             mouth
             (
             if
             the
             horse
             had
             one
             )
             loses
             a
             good
             Rain
             (
             if
             there
             were
             any
             )
             and
             by
             over-reaching
             and
             clapping
             one
             foot
             against
             another
             ,
             indangers
             upon
             every
             step
             an
             ●oof-breach
             ,
             or
             sinew-strain
          
        
         
           
             Ambling
             by
             Weights
             .
          
           
             Another
             says
             there
             is
             nothing
             of
             such
             use
             for
             ambling
             ,
             as
             weights
             ,
             and
             thereupon
             one
             ●oads
             his
             horse
             with
             unmercifull
             shooes
             of
             in●ollerable
             weight
             ,
             and
             forgets
             how
             they
             make
             him
             enterfere
             ,
             strike
             short
             with
             his
             hind-feet
             ,
             and
             though
             his
             motion
             be
             true
             ,
             yet
             is
             so
             slow
             that
             it
             is
             not
             worth
             his
             labour
             .
          
           
             Another
             foulds
             great
             weights
             of
             lead
             about
             his
             feetlock
             pasterns
             ,
             and
             forgets
             that
             
             they
             have
             all
             the
             mischiefs
             of
             the
             former
             ,
             besides
             the
             indangering
             of
             incurable
             strains
             ,
             the
             crushing
             of
             the
             crownet
             ,
             and
             the
             breeding
             of
             ring-bones
             ,
             crown-scabs
             and
             quitter
             bones
             .
          
           
             Another
             loads
             his
             horse
             upon
             the
             fillets
             with
             earth
             ,
             lead
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             massie
             substance
             ,
             and
             forgets
             the
             swaying
             of
             the
             back
             ,
             the
             over-straining
             of
             the
             fillets
             ,
             and
             a
             generall
             disabling
             of
             all
             the
             hinder
             parts
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ambling
             in
             hand
             ,
             or
             not
             ridden
             ▪
          
           
             Another
             struggles
             to
             make
             his
             horse
             amble
             in
             his
             hand
             before
             he
             mount
             his
             back
             ,
             by
             the
             help
             of
             some
             wall
             ,
             smooth
             pale
             or
             rail
             ,
             and
             by
             chocking
             the
             horse
             in
             the
             mouth
             with
             the
             bridle-hand
             ,
             and
             correcting
             him
             with
             his
             rod
             on
             the
             hinder
             houghs
             ,
             and
             under
             the
             belly
             when
             he
             treadeth
             false
             ,
             and
             never
             remembers
             into
             what
             desperate
             frantickness
             it
             drives
             an
             horse
             before
             he
             can
             make
             him
             understand
             his
             meaning
             ,
             as
             plunging
             ,
             rearing
             ,
             sprauling
             out
             his
             leggs
             ,
             and
             using
             a
             world
             of
             other
             antick
             postures
             ,
             which
             once
             setled
             ,
             are
             hardly
             ever
             after
             reclaimed
             :
             besides
             ,
             when
             he
             hath
             spent
             all
             his
             labour
             ,
             and
             done
             his
             utmost
             ,
             as
             soon
             as
             he
             mounts
             his
             horses
             back
             ,
             the
             horse
             is
             as
             far
             to
             seek
             of
             his
             pace
             as
             if
             he
             had
             never
             known
             such
             a
             motion
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Ambling
             by
             the
             help
             of
             Shooes
             .
          
           
             Another
             finds
             out
             a
             new
             stratagem
             ,
             and
             in
             despite
             of
             all
             opposition
             in
             the
             Horse
             ,
             will
             make
             him
             amble
             perfectly
             ,
             and
             thereupon
             he
             makes
             him
             a
             pair
             of
             hinder
             shooes
             with
             long
             spurns
             or
             plates
             before
             the
             toes
             ,
             and
             of
             such
             length
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             horse
             offer
             to
             trot
             ,
             the
             hinder
             foot
             beats
             the
             forefoot
             before
             it
             .
          
           
             But
             he
             forgets
             that
             the
             shooes
             are
             made
             of
             Iron
             ,
             and
             the
             Horses
             Leggs
             of
             Flesh
             and
             blood
             ,
             neither
             doth
             he
             remember
             with
             what
             violence
             the
             hinder
             foot
             follows
             the
             fore-foot
             ,
             nor
             that
             every
             stroke
             it
             gives
             ,
             can
             light
             upon
             any
             place
             ,
             but
             the
             back
             sinews
             ,
             then
             which
             there
             is
             no
             part
             more
             tender
             ,
             nor
             any
             wound
             that
             brings
             such
             incurable
             lameness
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ambling
             by
             the
             help
             of
             fine
             Lists
             .
          
           
             Another
             (
             out
             of
             quaintness
             more
             then
             strong
             reason
             )
             strives
             to
             make
             his
             horse
             amble
             by
             taking
             of
             fine
             soft
             lists
             ,
             and
             foulding
             them
             strait
             about
             the
             Cambrell
             in
             that
             place
             where
             you
             garter
             an
             horse
             for
             a
             stiflestrain
             ,
             and
             then
             turn
             him
             to
             grass
             for
             a
             fortnight
             or
             more
             ,
             in
             which
             time
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             he
             will
             fall
             to
             a
             perfect
             amble
             ,
             (
             for
             it
             is
             true
             he
             
             cannot
             trot
             but
             with
             pain
             )
             then
             taking
             away
             the
             lists
             ,
             the
             work
             is
             finished
             .
          
           
             But
             (
             under
             the
             correction
             of
             the
             professors
             of
             this
             foreign
             trick
             ,
             for
             it
             is
             a
             
               Spanish
            
             practice
             )
             I
             must
             assure
             them
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             gain
             their
             purpose
             ,
             they
             must
             offend
             the
             members
             .
             If
             they
             hurt
             not
             the
             limbs
             ,
             they
             lose
             their
             labour
             ;
             but
             however
             this
             is
             most
             assured
             ,
             that
             the
             amble
             thus
             gained
             ,
             must
             be
             disgracefull
             ,
             crambling
             and
             cringing
             in
             the
             hinder
             parts
             ,
             without
             comliness
             ,
             speed
             ,
             or
             clear
             deliverance
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ambling
             by
             the
             Hand
             only
             .
          
           
             Another
             (
             and
             he
             calls
             himself
             the
             
               Master
               Ambler
               of
               all
               Amblers
            
             )
             affirms
             there
             is
             no
             true
             way
             of
             making
             an
             horse
             to
             amble
             but
             by
             the
             hand
             only
             ,
             and
             I
             am
             of
             his
             opinion
             ,
             could
             the
             secret
             be
             found
             out
             ,
             or
             could
             a
             man
             make
             a
             horse
             do
             all
             that
             he
             imagined
             ,
             and
             as
             he
             imagined
             ;
             but
             horses
             are
             rebellious
             ,
             and
             men
             are
             furious
             ,
             and
             the
             least
             of
             either
             of
             these
             spoyls
             the
             whole
             work
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             impossible
             for
             any
             man
             to
             fadge
             an
             horse
             to
             a
             new
             motion
             utterly
             unknown
             ,
             against
             which
             he
             will
             not
             resist
             with
             his
             uttermost
             powers
             .
             Besides
             ,
             to
             do
             this
             action
             with
             the
             hand
             onely
             ,
             it
             must
             onely
             be
             done
             from
             the
             Horses
             mouth
             ,
             and
             that
             mouth
             must
             of
             necessity
             be
             
             altered
             from
             his
             first
             manner
             of
             riding
             ;
             for
             to
             use
             all
             one
             hand
             must
             preserve
             all
             one
             motion
             ,
             and
             then
             where
             is
             ambling
             which
             was
             not
             known
             at
             the
             first
             backing
             ?
             Again
             ,
             we
             strive
             at
             the
             first
             backing
             of
             an
             horse
             ,
             to
             bring
             his
             mouth
             to
             all
             sweetness
             ,
             his
             rein
             to
             all
             stateliness
             ,
             and
             the
             generall
             carriage
             of
             his
             body
             to
             all
             comeliness
             .
             Now
             in
             this
             course
             of
             ambling
             by
             the
             hand
             onely
             ,
             the
             mouth
             must
             be
             changed
             from
             the
             chaps
             to
             the
             ●eeks
             of
             the
             mouth
             ,
             which
             is
             from
             sweetness
             to
             harshness
             ,
             his
             rein
             must
             be
             brought
             from
             constancy
             to
             inconstancy
             :
             for
             the
             eyes
             that
             did
             look
             upward
             ,
             the
             nose
             and
             muzzell
             which
             was
             couched
             inward
             ,
             must
             be
             turned
             outward
             ,
             and
             the
             generall
             comliness
             of
             the
             Bodies
             carriage
             must
             be
             brought
             to
             disorder
             and
             false
             treading
             ,
             or
             else
             he
             shall
             never
             accomplish
             the
             true
             art
             of
             ambling
             by
             the
             hand
             onely
             .
          
        
         
           
             Ambling
             by
             the
             Tramell
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             another
             ,
             (
             I
             will
             not
             call
             him
             the
             ●ast
             ,
             because
             his
             error
             may
             be
             as
             great
             as
             any
             )
             and
             he
             will
             make
             his
             horse
             amble
             by
             the
             help
             of
             the
             tramell
             only
             ,
             which
             I
             confess
             is
             neerest
             the
             best
             and
             most
             assured
             way
             ,
             yet
             he
             hath
             many
             errors
             ,
             as
             followeth
             .
          
           
           
             
               Errors
               in
               the
               Tramell
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               he
               loseth
               himself
               in
               the
               want
               of
               knowledge
               ,
               for
               the
               length
               of
               the
               Tramell
               ,
               and
               either
               he
               makes
               it
               too
               long
               ,
               (
               which
               gives
               no
               stroke
               )
               or
               too
               short
               (
               which
               gives
               a
               false
               stroke
               )
               the
               first
               makes
               an
               horse
               hackell
               and
               shuffle
               his
               feet
               confusedly
               ,
               the
               latter
               makes
               him
               roule
               and
               twitch
               up
               his
               hinder
               feet
               so
               suddenly
               ,
               that
               by
               custome
               it
               brings
               him
               to
               a
               string-halt
               ,
               from
               which
               he
               will
               hardly
               be
               recovered
               ever
               after
               .
            
             
               Another
               loses
               himself
               and
               his
               labour
               by
               misplacing
               the
               Trammell
               ,
               and
               out
               of
               a
               niceness
               to
               seem
               more
               expert
               then
               he
               is
               ,
               or
               out
               of
               fearfulness
               to
               prevent
               falling
               (
               to
               which
               the
               Tramell
               is
               subject
               )
               places
               them
               above
               the
               knee
               ,
               and
               above
               the
               hinder
               hough
               .
               But
               the
               Rule
               is
               neither
               good
               nor
               handsome
               ;
               for
               if
               the
               Tramell
               be
               too
               long
               or
               loose
               ,
               that
               it
               gives
               no
               offence
               to
               the
               sinews
               ,
               and
               other
               ligaments
               about
               which
               they
               must
               necessarily
               be
               bound
               ,
               when
               they
               are
               raised
               so
               high
               ,
               then
               they
               can
               give
               no
               true
               stroke
               ,
               neither
               can
               the
               fore-leg
               compell
               the
               hinder
               to
               follow
               it
               .
               And
               if
               they
               be
               so
               short
               or
               strait
               ,
               that
               the
               fore-leg
               cannot
               step
               forward
               ,
               but
               the
               hinder
               must
               go
               equall
               with
               it
               ,
               then
               will
               it
               so
               press
               the
               main
               sinew
               of
               the
               hinder
               leg
               ,
               and
               the
               veins
               and
               
               fleshy
               part
               of
               the
               fore-thighs
               ,
               that
               the
               horse
               will
               not
               be
               able
               to
               go
               without
               halting
               before
               ,
               and
               cringing
               and
               crambling
               his
               hinder
               parts
               so
               ill-favouredly
               ,
               that
               it
               will
               be
               irksome
               to
               behold
               it
               :
               besides
               ,
               it
               will
               occasion
               swellings
               ,
               and
               draw
               down
               tumors
               ,
               which
               will
               be
               more
               noysom
               then
               the
               pace
               will
               be
               beneficiall
               .
            
             
               Another
               makes
               his
               Tramell
               of
               such
               course
               or
               hard
               stuff
               ,
               or
               else
               girts
               it
               so
               strait
               ,
               or
               leaves
               it
               fretting
               up
               and
               down
               so
               loose
               ,
               that
               he
               galls
               his
               horses
               leggs
               ,
               and
               leaves
               neither
               hair
               nor
               skin
               upon
               them
               ,
               at
               the
               best
               it
               leaves
               such
               a
               foul
               print
               and
               mark
               upon
               the
               leggs
               ,
               that
               every
               one
               will
               accuse
               both
               the
               horse
               and
               his
               Teacher
               of
               disgrace
               and
               indiscretion
               .
            
             
               As
               these
               ,
               so
               I
               must
               conclude
               with
               the
               last
               error
               of
               the
               Tramell
               ,
               which
               is
               ,
               mens
               opinions
               ,
               and
               though
               it
               be
               the
               most
               insufficient
               ,
               yet
               it
               hath
               the
               greatest
               power
               to
               oversway
               truth
               ,
               and
               that
               is
               ,
               the
               Tramell
               is
               utterly
               unnecessary
               ,
               and
               unprofitable
               ,
               and
               the
               defender
               worthy
               of
               no
               imployment
               ,
               alledging
               the
               Land
               onely
               to
               be
               excellent
               .
            
             
               The
               errors
               I
               have
               already
               confuted
               ;
               it
               now
               remaines
               (
               after
               all
               these
               faults
               finding
               )
               that
               I
               shew
               the
               truest
               ,
               the
               easiest
               ,
               and
               that
               way
               which
               is
               most
               uncontrollable
               for
               the
               making
               of
               an
               horse
               to
               amble
               ,
               with
               all
               the
               gracefulness
               and
               perfection
               that
               can
               be
               required
               .
            
          
        
         
         
           
             The
             best
             way
             to
             amble
             an
             Horse
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             are
             about
             undoubtedly
             to
             make
             an
             horse
             amble
             truely
             ,
             and
             without
             controlment
             :
             First
             ,
             try
             with
             your
             hand
             by
             a
             gentle
             or
             deliberate
             racking
             and
             thrusting
             of
             the
             horse
             forward
             ,
             by
             helping
             him
             in
             the
             weeks
             of
             his
             mouth
             with
             your
             snaffell
             ,
             (
             which
             must
             be
             smooth
             ,
             big
             and
             full
             )
             and
             correcting
             him
             first
             on
             one
             side
             ,
             then
             on
             another
             with
             the
             calves
             of
             your
             leggs
             ,
             and
             somtimes
             with
             the
             spurre
             ;
             if
             you
             can
             make
             him
             of
             himselfe
             strike
             into
             an
             amble
             ;
             but
             by
             no
             means
             disorder
             or
             displace
             either
             his
             mouth
             ,
             head
             ,
             or
             neck
             ;
             if
             you
             find
             you
             can
             make
             him
             strike
             into
             an
             amble
             ,
             though
             shuffling
             disorderly
             ,
             there
             will
             be
             much
             labor
             saved
             :
             for
             that
             proclivity
             or
             aptness
             to
             amble
             ,
             will
             make
             him
             with
             more
             easiness
             and
             less
             danger
             ,
             endure
             the
             use
             of
             the
             Tramell
             ,
             and
             make
             him
             find
             the
             motion
             without
             stumbling
             or
             amazement
             :
             but
             if
             you
             find
             he
             will
             by
             no
             means
             either
             apprehend
             the
             motions
             or
             intentions
             ,
             then
             struggle
             not
             with
             him
             ,
             but
             fall
             to
             the
             use
             of
             the
             Tramell
             in
             this
             manne●
             following
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             form
             of
             the
             Tramell
             .
          
           
             But
             before
             I
             come
             to
             the
             use
             and
             vertue
             
             thereof
             ,
             I
             will
             shew
             you
             the
             form
             and
             substance
             whereof
             it
             ought
             to
             be
             made
             ;
             because
             nothing
             hath
             ever
             done
             this
             Instrument
             more
             injury
             ,
             then
             false
             substances
             and
             false
             shapes
             .
          
           
             Therefore
             some
             make
             these
             tramels
             all
             of
             Leather
             ,
             and
             that
             will
             either
             reach
             or
             break
             ,
             the
             first
             marrs
             the
             work
             by
             uncertainty
             ,
             the
             other
             loseth
             the
             labor
             .
          
           
             Another
             makes
             it
             of
             Canvass
             ,
             and
             that
             galls
             .
          
           
             A
             third
             makes
             it
             of
             strong
             Lists
             ,
             and
             that
             hath
             all
             the
             faults
             of
             both
             the
             former
             ;
             for
             the
             softness
             will
             not
             let
             it
             lye
             close
             ,
             and
             the
             gentleness
             makes
             it
             stretch
             out
             of
             all
             compass
             or
             break
             upon
             every
             stumble
             .
          
           
             And
             as
             these
             ,
             so
             there
             are
             a
             world
             of
             other
             us●●ess
             Tramels
             ;
             for
             you
             must
             understand
             that
             touching
             the
             true
             Tramel
             ,
             the
             side-ropes
             must
             be
             firm
             ,
             without
             yeelding
             an
             hair
             :
             The
             hose
             must
             be
             soft
             ,
             lye
             close
             and
             not
             move
             from
             his
             first
             place
             ,
             and
             the
             Backband
             must
             be
             flat
             ,
             no
             matter
             how
             light
             ,
             and
             so
             defended
             from
             the
             Fillets
             that
             it
             may
             not
             gall
             .
             And
             this
             Tramell
             must
             be
             thus
             made
             ,
             and
             of
             these
             substances
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             for
             the
             side-Ropes
             ,
             They
             must
             be
             made
             of
             the
             best
             ,
             finest
             ,
             and
             strongest
             packthread
             ,
             such
             as
             your
             Turky-thred
             ,
             and
             twined
             
             By
             the
             Roper
             into
             a
             delicate
             strong
             cord
             ,
             yet
             at
             the
             utmost
             ,
             not
             above
             the
             bigness
             of
             a
             smal
             Jackline
             ,
             with
             a
             nooze
             at
             each
             end
             ,
             so
             strong
             as
             is
             possible
             to
             be
             made
             ;
             neither
             must
             these
             side-Ropes
             be
             twined
             too
             hard
             ,
             but
             gentle
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             yeelding
             condition
             ,
             for
             that
             will
             bring
             on
             the
             motion
             more
             easie
             ,
             and
             keep
             the
             Tramell
             from
             breaking
             ,
             now
             these
             siderop●s
             must
             be
             just
             36
             inches
             in
             length
             ,
             and
             so
             equall
             one
             with
             another
             ,
             that
             no
             difference
             may
             be
             espied
             .
          
           
             For
             the
             Hose
             which
             must
             be
             placed
             in
             the
             small
             of
             the
             fore-leg
             ,
             and
             the
             small
             of
             the
             hinder
             l●g
             above
             the
             feetlock
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             made
             of
             fine
             Girth
             web
             ,
             which
             is
             soft
             and
             pliant
             ,
             and
             lined
             with
             double
             Cotton
             :
             over
             the
             girth
             web
             must
             be
             fastned
             strong
             Tabbs
             of
             white
             Neats
             leather
             well
             tallowed
             ,
             ●●d
             suited
             to
             an
             even
             length
             ,
             and
             stamped
             with
             holes
             of
             equall
             distance
             ,
             which
             shall
             passe
             through
             the
             noozes
             of
             the
             side-Ropes
             and
             be
             made
             longer
             or
             shorter
             at
             pleasure
             ,
             with
             very
             strong
             Buckles
             .
             These
             hose
             ;
             the
             G●rth
             would
             be
             4
             inches
             in
             length
             ,
             and
             the
             Tabbs
             ten
             .
          
           
             The
             back-band
             being
             of
             no
             other
             use
             but
             to
             bear
             up
             the
             side-ropes
             ,
             would
             (
             if
             you
             Tramell
             all
             the
             forelegs
             )
             be
             made
             of
             fine
             Girth-web
             ,
             and
             lined
             with
             Cotton
             ;
             but
             if
             you
             tramell
             but
             one
             side
             ,
             then
             any
             ordinary
             tape
             will
             serve
             ,
             being
             sure
             that
             it
             carry
             the
             side-ropes
             
             in
             an
             even
             line
             without
             either
             rising
             or
             falling
             ;
             for
             if
             it
             rise
             ,
             it
             shortens
             the
             side-rope
             ,
             if
             it
             fall
             it
             indangers
             tangling
             .
          
           
             Thus
             you
             see
             what
             the
             true
             Tramell
             is
             ,
             and
             how
             to
             be
             made
             :
             touching
             the
             use
             ,
             it
             thus
             followeth
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             true
             use
             of
             the
             true
             Tramell
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             have
             brought
             your
             horse
             into
             an
             even
             smooth
             path
             ,
             without
             rub●
             or
             roughnesse
             ,
             you
             shall
             there
             hose
             the
             neer
             fore-leg
             ,
             and
             the
             reer
             hinder
             leg
             ;
             then
             put
             to
             them
             the
             side
             rope
             ,
             and
             see
             that
             he
             stand
             at
             that
             just
             proportion
             which
             nature
             her self
             hath
             formed
             him
             ,
             without
             either
             straining
             or
             inlarging
             his
             members
             ,
             and
             in
             that
             even
             and
             just
             length
             stay
             the
             side-rope
             by
             a
             small
             tape
             fastned
             up
             to
             the
             saddle
             .
             Then
             with
             your
             hand
             on
             the
             bridle
             ,
             straining
             his
             head
             ,
             put
             him
             gently
             forward
             ,
             and
             if
             need
             be
             ,
             have
             the
             help
             of
             a
             by-stander
             to
             put
             him
             forward
             also
             ,
             and
             so
             force
             him
             to
             amble
             up
             and
             down
             the
             road
             with
             all
             the
             gentleness
             you
             can
             ,
             suffering
             him
             to
             take
             his
             own
             leasure
             ,
             that
             thereby
             he
             may
             come
             to
             an
             understanding
             of
             his
             restraint
             ,
             and
             your
             will
             for
             the
             performance
             of
             the
             motion
             ,
             and
             though
             he
             snappe●
             or
             stumble
             ,
             or
             peradventure
             fall
             now
             and
             then
             ,
             yet
             it
             matters
             not
             ,
             do
             you
             only
             stay
             his
             head
             ,
             
             give
             him
             leave
             to
             rise
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             gentleness
             put
             him
             forward
             again
             ,
             till
             finding
             his
             own
             fault
             ,
             and
             understanding
             the
             motion
             ▪
             he
             become
             perfect
             ,
             and
             amble
             in
             your
             hand
             to
             your
             contentment
             .
             And
             that
             this
             may
             be
             done
             with
             more
             ease
             and
             less
             amazement
             to
             the
             horse
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             amiss
             (
             at
             his
             first
             Trameling
             )
             that
             you
             give
             your
             side-ropes
             more
             length
             then
             ordinary
             ,
             both
             that
             the
             twitches
             may
             be
             less
             sudden
             ,
             and
             the
             motion
             coming
             more
             gently
             ,
             the
             horse
             may
             sooner
             apprehend
             it
             .
          
           
             But
             as
             soon
             as
             he
             comes
             to
             any
             perfectness
             ▪
             then
             instantly
             put
             the
             side-ropes
             to
             their
             true
             length
             .
             For
             an
             inch
             too
             long
             ,
             is
             a
             foo●●oo
             slow
             in
             the
             pace
             ;
             and
             an
             inch
             to
             short
             causeth
             ralling
             ,
             a
             twitching
             up
             of
             the
             leggs
             ,
             and
             indeed
             a
             kind
             of
             plain
             halting
             .
          
        
         
           
             When
             to
             alter
             the
             Tramell
             .
          
           
             When
             the
             horse
             will
             thus
             amble
             in
             your
             hand
             perfectly
             ,
             being
             trameled
             on
             one
             side
             ,
             you
             shall
             then
             change
             them
             to
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             and
             make
             him
             amble
             in
             your
             hand
             as
             you
             did
             before
             .
             And
             thus
             you
             shall
             do
             ,
             changing
             from
             one
             side
             to
             another
             ,
             till
             with
             this
             halfe
             tramell
             he
             will
             run
             and
             amble
             in
             your
             hand
             without
             snappering
             or
             stumbling
             ,
             both
             readily
             
             and
             swiftly
             .
             When
             this
             is
             attained
             unto
             ,
             which
             cannot
             be
             above
             two
             or
             three
             hours
             labour
             (
             if
             there
             be
             any
             tractableness
             )
             you
             ●ay
             then
             put
             on
             the
             whole
             Tramell
             ,
             and
             the
             broad
             flat
             back-band
             ,
             Trameling
             both
             sides
             equally
             ,
             and
             so
             run
             him
             in
             your
             hand
             (
             at
             the
             utmost
             length
             of
             the
             bridle
             )
             up
             and
             down
             the
             road
             divers
             times
             ,
             then
             pause
             ,
             cherish
             ,
             and
             to
             it
             a
             gain
             ;
             and
             thus
             apply
             him
             till
             you
             have
             brought
             him
             to
             that
             perfection
             ,
             that
             he
             will
             amble
             ,
             swiftly
             ,
             truly
             and
             readily
             ,
             when
             ,
             where
             and
             how
             you
             please
             :
             then
             put
             him
             upon
             uneven
             and
             uncertain
             ways
             ,
             as
             up-hill
             and
             down-hill
             ,
             where
             there
             are
             clots
             and
             roughness
             ,
             and
             where
             there
             is
             hollowness
             and
             false
             treading
             .
          
        
         
           
             When
             to
             mount
             his
             back
             .
          
           
             Now
             when
             he
             is
             perfect
             in
             your
             hand
             upon
             all
             these
             ,
             you
             may
             then
             adventure
             to
             mount
             his
             back
             ,
             which
             (
             if
             you
             please
             )
             you
             may
             first
             do
             by
             a
             Boy
             ,
             or
             Groom
             ,
             making
             the
             horse
             amble
             under
             him
             ,
             whilst
             you
             stay
             his
             head
             to
             prevent
             danger
             ,
             or
             to
             see
             how
             hee
             striketh
             .
             Then
             after
             mount
             your self
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             gentleness
             and
             le●●ty
             increasing
             his
             pace
             more
             and
             more
             ,
             till
             you
             come
             to
             the
             height
             of
             perfection
             .
             And
             thus
             as
             you
             did
             
             before
             in
             your
             hand
             ,
             so
             do
             now
             on
             his
             back
             ,
             first
             with
             the
             whole
             Tramell
             ,
             then
             with
             the
             halfe
             ,
             and
             changing
             the
             Tramell
             oft
             ,
             first
             from
             one
             side
             ,
             then
             to
             another
             ,
             then
             altering
             grounds
             till
             you
             find
             that
             exquisiteness
             which
             you
             desire
             .
             And
             this
             must
             be
             done
             by
             daily
             exercise
             and
             labour
             ,
             as
             twice
             ,
             thrice
             ,
             sometimes
             ▪
             oftner
             in
             the
             day
             .
          
        
         
           
             When
             to
             journey
             .
          
           
             When
             you
             have
             attained
             your
             wish
             in
             the
             perfection
             of
             his
             stroke
             ,
             the
             nimblenesse
             of
             ●●s
             Limbs
             ,
             and
             the
             good
             carriage
             of
             his
             head
             and
             Body
             ,
             you
             may
             then
             take
             away
             the
             Tramell
             altogether
             ,
             and
             exercise
             him
             without
             it
             .
             But
             this
             exercise
             I
             would
             have
             upon
             the
             high-way
             ,
             and
             not
             (
             Horse-courser
             like
             )
             in
             a
             private
             smooth
             Road
             ,
             for
             that
             affords
             but
             a
             co●sening
             pace
             ,
             which
             is
             left
             upon
             every
             small
             wearinesse
             ;
             therefore
             take
             the
             high-way
             forward
             for
             three
             ,
             four
             ,
             or
             five
             miles
             in
             a
             morning
             more
             or
             lesse
             ,
             as
             you
             find
             the
             horses
             aptness
             and
             ability
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             in
             this
             Journeying
             ,
             either
             through
             weariness
             ,
             ignorance
             ,
             or
             peevishness
             ,
             you
             find
             in
             him
             a
             willingnesse
             to
             
             forsake
             his
             pace
             ,
             then
             (
             ever
             carrying
             in
             your
             pocket
             the
             halfe
             tramell
             )
             alight
             and
             put
             them
             on
             ,
             and
             so
             exercise
             him
             in
             them
             ,
             and
             now
             and
             then
             giving
             him
             ease
             ,
             bring
             him
             home
             in
             his
             true
             pace
             .
          
           
             This
             exercise
             you
             shall
             follow
             day
             by
             day
             ,
             and
             every
             day
             increasing
             it
             more
             and
             more
             ▪
             till
             you
             have
             brought
             him
             from
             one
             mile
             to
             many
             :
             which
             done
             ,
             you
             may
             then
             give
             him
             ease
             ,
             as
             letting
             him
             rest
             a
             day
             or
             two
             ,
             or
             more
             ,
             and
             then
             apply
             him
             again
             ;
             and
             if
             you
             find
             in
             him
             neither
             error
             nor
             alteration
             then
             you
             may
             resolve
             your
             work
             is
             finished
             :
             For
             in
             all
             mine
             experience
             ,
             I
             never
             found
             this
             way
             to
             fail
             .
          
           
             But
             if
             any
             alteration
             do
             happen
             ,
             (
             as
             many
             phantastick
             horses
             are
             subject
             unto
             )
             if
             it
             be
             in
             the
             motion
             of
             his
             pace
             ▪
             then
             with
             your
             hand
             reform
             it
             .
             But
             if
             that
             fail
             ,
             then
             the
             use
             of
             the
             halfe
             Tramell
             will
             never
             fail
             you
             .
          
           
             Now
             if
             the
             error
             proceed
             from
             any
             other
             occasion
             ,
             look
             seriously
             into
             the
             cause
             thereof
             ,
             and
             taking
             that
             away
             ,
             the
             effect
             will
             soon
             cease
             ,
             for
             you
             are
             to
             understand
             ,
             that
             in
             this
             manner
             of
             teaching
             an
             horse
             to
             amble
             ,
             you
             are
             forbidden
             no
             help
             or
             benefit
             whatsoever
             which
             belongs
             unto
             horsmanship
             ,
             as
             Chain
             ,
             Cavezin
             ,
             Musroule
             ,
             Headstrain
             ,
             
             Martingale
             ,
             Bit
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             necessary
             Instrument
             ,
             because
             this
             motion
             is
             not
             drawn
             from
             the
             mouth
             ,
             but
             from
             the
             limbs
             .
          
           
             Many
             things
             else
             might
             be
             spoken
             on
             this
             subject
             ,
             but
             it
             would
             but
             load
             paper
             ,
             and
             weary
             memory
             ,
             and
             I
             aim
             only
             at
             short
             essays
             ,
             and
             true
             new
             experiments
             ,
             therefore
             this
             already
             writ
             I
             hold
             sufficient
             .
          
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           OFFICE
           OF
           THE
           BUYER
           :
           Wherein
           is
           shewed
           all
           the
           perfections
           and
           imperfections
           that
           are
           or
           can
           be
           in
           a
           Horse
           .
        
         
           
             Observations
             and
             Advertisements
             for
             any
             man
             when
             he
             goeth
             about
             to
             buy
             an
             Horse
             .
          
           
             THere
             is
             nothing
             more
             difficult
             in
             all
             the
             Art
             of
             Horsmanship
             ,
             then
             to
             set
             down
             constant
             and
             uncontrollable
             Resolutions
             by
             which
             to
             bind
             every
             mans
             mind
             to
             an
             unity
             of
             consent
             in
             the
             buying
             of
             an
             Horse
             :
             for
             ●ccording
             to
             the
             old
             Adage
             ,
             
               What
               is
               one
               mans
               meat
               ,
               is
               another
               mans
               poyson
               ;
            
             what
             one
             ●ffects
             another
             dislikes
             .
             But
             to
             proceed
             according
             to
             the
             Rule
             of
             Reason
             ,
             the
             Precepts
             of
             the
             Ancients
             ,
             and
             the
             modern
             practice
             of
             our
             present
             conceived
             opinions
             ,
             I
             will
             ,
             as
             briefly
             as
             I
             can
             (
             and
             the
             rather
             because
             it
             is
             
             a
             labour
             I
             never
             undertook
             in
             this
             wise
             before
             )
             shew
             you
             those
             observations
             and
             advertisements
             which
             may
             fortifie
             you
             in
             any
             hard
             election
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             end
             for
             which
             to
             buy
             :
          
           
             First
             therefore
             you
             are
             to
             observe
             ,
             that
             i●
             you
             will
             elect
             an
             Horse
             for
             your
             hearts
             contentment
             ,
             you
             must
             consider
             the
             end
             and
             purpose
             for
             which
             you
             buy
             him
             ,
             as
             whether
             for
             the
             Warres
             ,
             running
             ,
             hunting
             ,
             travelling
             ,
             draught
             or
             burthen
             .
          
           
             Every
             one
             having
             their
             severall
             Characters
             ,
             and
             their
             severall
             faces
             both
             of
             beauty
             and
             uncomliness
             .
          
           
             But
             because
             there
             is
             but
             one
             truth
             ,
             and
             one
             perfection
             ,
             I
             will
             under
             the
             description
             of
             the
             perfect
             and
             untainted
             horse
             ,
             shew
             all
             the
             imperfections
             and
             attaind●res
             which
             either
             nature
             or
             mischance
             can
             put
             upon
             the
             Hors●
             of
             greatest
             deformity
             .
          
           
             Let
             me
             then
             advise
             you
             that
             intend
             to
             buy
             an
             horse
             ,
             to
             acquaint
             your self
             with
             all
             the
             true
             shapes
             and
             excellencies
             which
             belong
             to
             an
             horse
             whether
             it
             be
             in
             h●s
             naturall
             and
             true
             proportion
             ,
             or
             in
             any
             accidental
             or
             outward
             increase
             or
             decrease
             of
             any
             limb
             o●
             member
             ,
             and
             from
             their
             contraries
             to
             gather
             all
             things
             whatsoever
             that
             may
             give
             dislike
             or
             offence
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Election
             how
             divided
             .
          
           
             To
             begin
             therefore
             with
             the
             first
             principle
             of
             Election
             ,
             you
             shall
             understand
             they
             are
             divided
             into
             two
             especiall
             heads
             ,
             the
             one
             Generall
             the
             other
             Particular
             .
          
           
             
               The
               generall
               Rule
               .
            
             
               The
               Generall
               Rule
               of
               election
               is
               ,
               first
               the
               end
               for
               which
               you
               buy
               ,
               then
               his
               Breed
               or
               Generation
               ;
               his
               Colour
               ,
               his
               Pace
               ,
               and
               his
               Stature
               .
               These
               are
               said
               to
               be
               generall
               ,
               because
               they
               have
               a
               generall
               dependance
               upon
               every
               mans
               several
               opinions
               :
               as
               the
               first
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               end
               for
               which
               you
               buy
               ,
               it
               is
               a
               thing
               shut
               up
               only
               in
               your
               own
               bosome
               .
            
             
               
                 Of
                 Breed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 other
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 Breed
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 either
                 take
                 it
                 from
                 faithful
                 report
                 ,
                 your
                 own
                 knowledge
                 ,
                 or
                 from
                 some
                 known
                 and
                 certain
                 Characters
                 by
                 which
                 one
                 strain
                 or
                 one
                 Country
                 is
                 distinguished
                 from
                 another
                 ;
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Neapolitan
                
                 is
                 known
                 by
                 his
                 Hauk-nose
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Spaniard
                
                 by
                 his
                 small
                 Limbs
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Barbary
                
                 by
                 his
                 fine
                 head
                 ,
                 and
                 deep
                 hoof
                 ,
                 The
                 
                   Dutch
                
                 by
                 his
                 rough
                 legges
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   English
                   ,
                
                 by
                 his
                 Generall
                 
                 strong
                 knitting
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 forth
                 of
                 divers
                 others
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Of
                 Colour
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 his
                 colour
                 ,
                 although
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 colour
                 utterly
                 exempt
                 from
                 goodness
                 ,
                 for
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 good
                 of
                 all
                 ,
                 yet
                 there
                 are
                 some
                 better
                 reputed
                 then
                 others
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 daple
                 ,
                 gray
                 for
                 beauty
                 ,
                 the
                 brown-bay
                 for
                 service
                 ,
                 the
                 black
                 with
                 silver
                 hairs
                 for
                 courage
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Lyard
                 or
                 true
                 mixt
                 Roan
                 for
                 continuance
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 ●orrell
                 ,
                 the
                 black
                 without
                 white
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 unchangeable
                 Iron-gray
                 ,
                 are
                 reputed
                 cholerick
                 ,
                 the
                 bright
                 Bay
                 ,
                 the
                 flea-bitten
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 black
                 with
                 white
                 marks
                 ,
                 ate
                 sanguinists
                 ;
                 the
                 black
                 ,
                 white
                 ,
                 the
                 yellow
                 ,
                 dun
                 ,
                 and
                 kiteglewed
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 pye
                 ▪
                 balld
                 ,
                 are
                 flegmatick
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 chesnut
                 ,
                 the
                 mouse-dun
                 ,
                 the
                 red
                 bay
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 blew-gray
                 ,
                 are
                 melancholy
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Pace
                 ,
                 as
                 Trotting
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 for
                 his
                 pace
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 either
                 Trot
                 ,
                 Amble
                 ,
                 Rack
                 or
                 Gallop
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 refer
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 also
                 for
                 which
                 you
                 buy
                 ;
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 for
                 the
                 warrs
                 ,
                 running
                 ,
                 hunting
                 ,
                 or
                 your
                 own
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 trot
                 i●
                 most
                 tollerable
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 motion
                 you
                 shall
                 know
                 by
                 a
                 cross
                 moving
                 of
                 the
                 horses
                 limbs
                 ,
                 as
                 when
                 the
                 far
                 
                 fore-leg
                 and
                 the
                 near
                 hinder-leg
                 ;
                 or
                 the
                 near
                 fore-leg
                 and
                 the
                 far
                 hinder-leg
                 move
                 and
                 go
                 forward
                 in
                 one
                 instant
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 this
                 motion
                 ,
                 the
                 nearer
                 the
                 horse
                 taketh
                 his
                 limbs
                 from
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 the
                 opener
                 ,
                 the
                 evener
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 shorter
                 is
                 his
                 pace
                 :
                 for
                 to
                 take
                 up
                 his
                 feet
                 slovenly
                 ,
                 shewes
                 stumbling
                 and
                 lamenesse
                 :
                 To
                 tread
                 narrow
                 or
                 cross
                 ,
                 shews
                 enterfeiring
                 or
                 failling
                 ;
                 to
                 step
                 uneven
                 ,
                 shews
                 toyl
                 and
                 weariness
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 tread
                 long
                 ,
                 shews
                 over-reaching
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Ambling
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 if
                 you
                 elect
                 for
                 ease
                 ,
                 great
                 persons
                 feats
                 ,
                 or
                 long
                 travell
                 ,
                 then
                 
                   Ambling
                
                 is
                 required
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 motion
                 is
                 contrary
                 to
                 trotting
                 :
                 for
                 now
                 both
                 the
                 feet
                 on
                 one
                 side
                 must
                 move
                 equally
                 together
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 the
                 far
                 fore-legs
                 and
                 the
                 far
                 hinder-legs
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 near
                 fore-leg
                 and
                 the
                 near
                 hinder-leg
                 And
                 this
                 motion
                 must
                 go
                 just
                 ,
                 large
                 ,
                 smoth
                 ,
                 and
                 nimble
                 ▪
                 for
                 to
                 treade
                 false
                 ,
                 takes
                 away
                 all
                 ●ase
                 ;
                 to
                 tread
                 short
                 ,
                 rids
                 no
                 ground
                 ;
                 to
                 tread
                 rough
                 ,
                 shewes
                 ,
                 rolling
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 tread
                 un-nimbly
                 ,
                 shewes
                 a
                 false
                 pace
                 that
                 never
                 continueth
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 lameness
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Racking
              
               
                 If
                 yo
                 elect
                 for
                 Buck-hunting
                 ;
                 galloping
                 on
                 the
                 high-way
                 ,
                 post
                 ,
                 hackney
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 
                 then
                 a
                 racking
                 pace
                 is
                 required
                 :
                 and
                 this
                 motion
                 is
                 the
                 same
                 that
                 ambling
                 i●
                 ,
                 onely
                 it
                 is
                 in
                 a
                 swifter
                 time
                 and
                 a
                 shorter
                 tread
                 ;
                 and
                 though
                 it
                 rid
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 ground
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 little
                 more
                 easie
                 ▪
              
            
             
               
                 Galloping
                 ▪
              
               
                 Now
                 to
                 all
                 these
                 paces
                 must
                 be
                 joyned
                 a
                 good
                 gallop
                 ,
                 which
                 naturally
                 every
                 trotting
                 and
                 racking
                 horse
                 hath
                 ;
                 the
                 ambler
                 is
                 a
                 little
                 unapt
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 motions
                 are
                 both
                 one
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 being
                 put
                 to
                 a
                 greater
                 swiftness
                 of
                 pace
                 then
                 formerly
                 he
                 hath
                 been
                 acquainted
                 withall
                 ,
                 he
                 handles
                 his
                 leggs
                 confusedly
                 and
                 out
                 of
                 order
                 ,
                 but
                 being
                 trained
                 gently
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 to
                 understand
                 the
                 motion
                 he
                 will
                 as
                 well
                 undertake
                 it
                 as
                 any
                 trotting
                 horse
                 whatsoever
                 ,
              
               
                 Now
                 in
                 a
                 good
                 gallop
                 you
                 are
                 to
                 observe
                 these
                 vertues
                 .
                 First
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 horse
                 which
                 taketh
                 his
                 feet
                 nimbly
                 from
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 but
                 doth
                 not
                 raise
                 them
                 high
                 ,
                 that
                 neither
                 roleth
                 nor
                 beateth
                 himselfe
                 ,
                 that
                 fl●etcheth
                 out
                 his
                 fore
                 legs
                 ,
                 follows
                 nimbly
                 with
                 his
                 hinder
                 ▪
                 and
                 neither
                 cutteth
                 under
                 his
                 knee
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 called
                 the
                 Swift
                 cut
                 )
                 nor
                 crosseth
                 ,
                 nor
                 clap●
                 one
                 foot
                 on
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 ever
                 leadeth
                 with
                 his
                 far
                 fore
                 foot
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 with
                 the
                 near
                 this
                 hors●
                 is
                 said
                 ever
                 to
                 gallop
                 most
                 comely
                 and
                 most
                 true
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 fittest
                 for
                 speed
                 ,
                 o●
                 
                 any
                 swift
                 imployment
                 .
                 If
                 he
                 gallop
                 round
                 ,
                 and
                 raise
                 his
                 fore-feet
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 then
                 said
                 to
                 gallop
                 strongly
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 swiftly
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 fittest
                 for
                 the
                 great
                 Saddle
                 ,
                 the
                 wars
                 and
                 strong
                 encounters
                 .
                 If
                 he
                 gallop
                 slow
                 ,
                 yet
                 sure
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 serve
                 for
                 the
                 high
                 way
                 :
                 but
                 i●
                 he
                 labour
                 his
                 feet
                 confusedly
                 ,
                 and
                 gallop
                 painfully
                 ,
                 then
                 is
                 he
                 good
                 for
                 no
                 galloping
                 service
                 :
                 beside
                 ,
                 it
                 shews
                 some
                 hidden
                 lameness
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Stature
                 :
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 touching
                 his
                 Stature
                 ,
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 referred
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 for
                 which
                 you
                 buy
                 ,
                 ever
                 observing
                 that
                 the
                 biggest
                 and
                 strongest
                 are
                 fittest
                 for
                 strong
                 occasions
                 and
                 great
                 burthens
                 ,
                 strong
                 draughts
                 ,
                 and
                 double
                 carriage
                 ;
                 the
                 middle
                 size
                 for
                 pleasure
                 and
                 generall
                 imployments
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 least
                 for
                 ease
                 ,
                 streetwalks
                 ,
                 and
                 Summer
                 Hackney
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               particular
               Rule
               .
            
             
               Now
               touching
               the
               particular
               Rule
               of
               election
               ,
               it
               is
               contained
               in
               the
               discovery
               of
               naturall
               deformities
               ,
               accidentall
               outward
               sorrances
               ,
               or
               inward
               hidden
               mischiefs
               which
               are
               so
               many
               and
               so
               infinite
               that
               it
               is
               a
               world
               of
               work
               to
               explain
               them
               yet
               ;
               for
               satisfaction
               sake
               I
               will
               in
               as
               methodicall
               manner
               
               as
               I
               can
               ,
               shew
               what
               you
               are
               to
               observe
               in
               this
               accession
               .
            
             
               
                 How
                 to
                 stand
                 to
                 view
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 a
                 Horse
                 is
                 brought
                 unto
                 you
                 to
                 buy
                 (
                 being
                 satisfied
                 for
                 his
                 breed
                 ,
                 his
                 pace
                 ,
                 colour
                 and
                 stature
                 ,
                 then
                 see
                 him
                 stand
                 naked
                 before
                 you
                 ,
                 and
                 placing
                 your self
                 before
                 his
                 face
                 ,
                 take
                 a
                 strict
                 view
                 of
                 his
                 countenance
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 cheerfulness
                 threof
                 :
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 an
                 excellent
                 glass
                 wherein
                 to
                 behold
                 his
                 goodness
                 and
                 best
                 perections
                 .
                 —
                 As
                 thus
                 —
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Eares
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 his
                 ears
                 be
                 small
                 ,
                 thin
                 ,
                 sharp
                 ,
                 short
                 ,
                 pricked
                 and
                 moving
                 ;
                 or
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 long
                 ,
                 yet
                 well
                 set
                 on
                 ,
                 and
                 wel
                 carried
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 mark
                 of
                 beauty
                 ,
                 goodness
                 ,
                 and
                 metall
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 thick
                 ,
                 laved
                 or
                 lolling
                 ,
                 wide
                 set
                 ,
                 and
                 unmoving
                 ,
                 then
                 are
                 they
                 signes
                 of
                 dulness
                 ,
                 doggedness
                 :
                 and
                 evil
                 nature
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Face
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 his
                 Face
                 be
                 lean
                 :
                 his
                 forehead
                 swelling
                 outward
                 :
                 the
                 mark
                 or
                 feather
                 in
                 his
                 face
                 set
                 high
                 ,
                 as
                 above
                 his
                 eys
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 his
                 eyes
                 ;
                 if
                 he
                 have
                 white
                 starre
                 :
                 or
                 white
                 ratch
                 
                 of
                 an
                 indifferent
                 size
                 ,
                 and
                 even
                 placed
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 white
                 snip
                 on
                 his
                 nose
                 ,
                 or
                 lip
                 ;
                 all
                 are
                 marks
                 of
                 beauty
                 and
                 goodness
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 his
                 face
                 be
                 fat
                 ,
                 cloudy
                 or
                 skouling
                 ,
                 his
                 forehead
                 flat
                 as
                 a
                 trencher
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 we
                 call
                 Mare-faced
                 ,
                 )
                 or
                 the
                 mark
                 in
                 his
                 forehead
                 stand
                 low
                 ,
                 as
                 under
                 his
                 eyes
                 :
                 If
                 his
                 star
                 or
                 ratch
                 stand
                 awry
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 an
                 evill
                 posture
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 stead
                 of
                 a
                 snip
                 ,
                 his
                 nose
                 be
                 raw
                 and
                 unhairy
                 ,
                 or
                 his
                 face
                 generally
                 bald
                 ;
                 all
                 are
                 signes
                 of
                 deformity
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Eyes
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 his
                 eyes
                 be
                 round
                 ,
                 big
                 ,
                 black
                 ,
                 shining
                 ,
                 starting
                 or
                 staring
                 from
                 his
                 head
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 black
                 of
                 the
                 eye
                 fill
                 the
                 pit
                 or
                 outward
                 circumference
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 moving
                 ,
                 none
                 (
                 or
                 very
                 little
                 )
                 of
                 the
                 white
                 appeareth
                 ,
                 all
                 are
                 signs
                 of
                 beauty
                 ,
                 goodness
                 ,
                 and
                 metall
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 his
                 eyes
                 be
                 uneven
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 wrinkled
                 proportion
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 little
                 (
                 which
                 we
                 call
                 pig-eyed
                 )
                 both
                 are
                 uncomely
                 signes
                 of
                 weakness
                 :
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 red
                 and
                 fiery
                 ,
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 Moon-eys
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 next
                 door
                 to
                 blindness
                 .
                 If
                 white
                 and
                 walled
                 ,
                 it
                 shews
                 a
                 weak
                 sight
                 ,
                 and
                 unnecessary
                 starting
                 or
                 finding
                 of
                 Boggards
                 :
                 if
                 with
                 white
                 specks
                 ,
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 the
                 pearl
                 ,
                 pin
                 and
                 web
                 :
                 if
                 they
                 water
                 or
                 shew
                 bloody
                 ,
                 it
                 shews
                 bruises
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 they
                 matter
                 ,
                 they
                 shew
                 old
                 over-riding
                 ,
                 festred
                 rhumes
                 ▪
                 or
                 violent
                 strains
                 
                 If
                 they
                 look
                 dead
                 or
                 dull
                 ,
                 or
                 are
                 hollow
                 ,
                 or
                 much
                 sunk
                 ,
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 blindness
                 at
                 the
                 best
                 ;
                 the
                 best
                 is
                 of
                 an
                 old
                 decrepid
                 generation
                 :
                 if
                 the
                 black
                 fill
                 not
                 the
                 pit
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 white
                 is
                 always
                 appearing
                 ,
                 or
                 if
                 in
                 moving
                 the
                 white
                 and
                 black
                 be
                 seen
                 in
                 equall
                 quantity
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 signe
                 of
                 weakness
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 dogged
                 disposition
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Cheeks
                 and
                 Chaps
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 handling
                 his
                 Cheeks
                 or
                 Chaps
                 ,
                 you
                 find
                 the
                 bones
                 lean
                 and
                 thin
                 ,
                 the
                 space
                 wide
                 between
                 them
                 ,
                 the
                 thropple
                 or
                 wind-pipe
                 big
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 gripe
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 void
                 place
                 without
                 knots
                 or
                 kirnels
                 ;
                 and
                 generally
                 the
                 jawes
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 neck
                 seemeth
                 to
                 couch
                 within
                 them
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 all
                 excellent
                 signes
                 of
                 great
                 wind
                 ,
                 courage
                 ,
                 and
                 soundness
                 of
                 head
                 and
                 body
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 the
                 chaps
                 be
                 fat
                 and
                 thick
                 ,
                 the
                 space
                 between
                 them
                 closed
                 up
                 with
                 gross
                 substance
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 throple
                 little
                 ,
                 all
                 are
                 signs
                 of
                 short
                 wind
                 and
                 much
                 inward
                 foulness
                 :
                 If
                 the
                 void
                 place
                 be
                 full
                 of
                 knots
                 and
                 kirnels
                 ,
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 the
                 Strangle
                 or
                 Glanders
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 the
                 horse
                 is
                 not
                 without
                 a
                 foul
                 cold
                 .
                 If
                 his
                 jaws
                 be
                 so
                 strait
                 ,
                 that
                 his
                 neck
                 swelleth
                 above
                 them
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 no
                 more
                 but
                 naturall
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 onely
                 an
                 uncomely
                 sign
                 of
                 short
                 wind
                 and
                 pursickness
                 ,
                 or
                 grosness
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 swelling
                 be
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 elose
                 by
                 his
                 Chaps
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 
                 whetstone
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 the
                 Vives
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 unnaturall
                 impostume
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Nostrils
                 and
                 muzzell
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 his
                 nostrils
                 be
                 open
                 ,
                 dry
                 ,
                 wide
                 and
                 large
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 upon
                 any
                 straining
                 ,
                 the
                 inward
                 redness
                 is
                 discovered
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 his
                 muzzell
                 be
                 small
                 ,
                 his
                 mouth
                 deep
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 lips
                 equally
                 meeting
                 ;
                 then
                 all
                 are
                 good
                 signes
                 of
                 wind
                 ,
                 health
                 and
                 courage
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 his
                 nostrils
                 be
                 strait
                 ,
                 his
                 wind
                 is
                 little
                 ;
                 if
                 is
                 muzzell
                 be
                 gross
                 ,
                 his
                 spirit
                 ●is
                 dull
                 ;
                 if
                 his
                 mouth
                 be
                 shallow
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 never
                 carry
                 a
                 bit
                 well
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 his
                 upper
                 lip
                 will
                 not
                 reach
                 his
                 nether
                 ,
                 old
                 age
                 or
                 infirmity
                 hath
                 marked
                 him
                 for
                 carrion
                 .
                 If
                 his
                 nose
                 be
                 moist
                 and
                 dropping
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 clear
                 water
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 cold
                 ;
                 if
                 foul
                 matter
                 ,
                 then
                 beware
                 of
                 Glanders
                 :
                 if
                 both
                 nostrills
                 run
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 hurtfull
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 one
                 ,
                 then
                 ,
                 most
                 dangerous
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Teeth
                 .
              
               
                 Touching
                 his
                 Teeth
                 and
                 their
                 vertues
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 set
                 down
                 in
                 a
                 particular
                 chapter
                 ;
                 onely
                 remember
                 ,
                 you
                 never
                 buy
                 an
                 horse
                 that
                 wanteth
                 any
                 ,
                 for
                 as
                 good
                 lose
                 all
                 as
                 one
                 .
              
            
             
             
               
                 His
                 Breast
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 his
                 Head
                 look
                 down
                 to
                 his
                 Breast
                 ,
                 and
                 see
                 that
                 it
                 be
                 broad
                 ,
                 out-swelling
                 ,
                 and
                 adorned
                 with
                 many
                 features
                 :
                 for
                 that
                 shews
                 strength
                 and
                 indurance
                 .
                 The
                 little
                 breast
                 is
                 uncomely
                 ,
                 and
                 shewes
                 weakness
                 ,
                 the
                 narrow
                 breast
                 is
                 apt
                 to
                 stumble
                 ,
                 fall
                 ,
                 and
                 enterfeire
                 before
                 :
                 the
                 breast
                 that
                 is
                 hidden
                 inward
                 ,
                 and
                 wanteth
                 the
                 beauty
                 and
                 division
                 of
                 many
                 feathers
                 ,
                 shewes
                 a
                 weak
                 armed
                 heart
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 breast
                 that
                 is
                 unwilling
                 and
                 unfit
                 for
                 any
                 violent
                 toyl
                 or
                 strong
                 labour
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Fore-thighes
                 .
              
               
                 Next
                 ,
                 look
                 down
                 from
                 his
                 elbow
                 to
                 his
                 knee
                 ,
                 and
                 see
                 that
                 those
                 fore-thighs
                 be
                 rush-grown
                 ,
                 well
                 horned
                 within
                 ,
                 sinewed
                 ,
                 fleshy
                 and
                 out-swelling
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 good
                 signes
                 of
                 strength
                 ,
                 the
                 contrary
                 shews
                 weakness
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 unnaturall
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Knees
              
               
                 Then
                 look
                 on
                 his
                 knees
                 that
                 they
                 carry
                 proportion
                 ,
                 be
                 lean
                 ,
                 sinewy
                 ,
                 &
                 close
                 knit
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 good
                 and
                 comely
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 one
                 be
                 bigger
                 or
                 rounder
                 then
                 another
                 ,
                 the
                 horse
                 hath
                 
                 received
                 mischief
                 :
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 gross
                 ,
                 the
                 horse
                 is
                 gouty
                 :
                 if
                 they
                 have
                 scarres
                 ,
                 or
                 hair
                 broken
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 true
                 mark
                 of
                 a
                 stumbling
                 jade
                 and
                 a
                 perpetuall
                 faller
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Legs
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 his
                 knees
                 look
                 down
                 to
                 his
                 leggs
                 ,
                 to
                 his
                 pasterns
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 find
                 them
                 clean
                 ,
                 ●●an
                 ,
                 flat
                 ,
                 and
                 sinewy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 inward
                 bought
                 of
                 his
                 knee
                 without
                 seames
                 ,
                 or
                 hair-broken
                 ,
                 then
                 he
                 shewes
                 good
                 shape
                 and
                 soundness
                 :
                 But
                 if
                 on
                 the
                 in-side
                 the
                 leg
                 you
                 find
                 hard
                 ●nots
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 splinters
                 ;
                 if
                 on
                 the
                 out-side
                 they
                 are
                 serews
                 or
                 excressions
                 ;
                 if
                 under
                 his
                 knees
                 be
                 scabs
                 on
                 the
                 in-side
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Swift-cut
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 will
                 ill
                 endure
                 galloping
                 ;
                 if
                 above
                 his
                 pasternes
                 on
                 the
                 in-side
                 you
                 find
                 scabs
                 ,
                 it
                 shews
                 interfeiring
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 scabs
                 be
                 generally
                 over
                 his
                 leggs
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 either
                 extreame
                 foul
                 keeping
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 a
                 spice
                 of
                 the
                 Maunge
                 ;
                 if
                 his
                 flesh
                 be
                 fat
                 ,
                 round
                 and
                 fleshy
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 never
                 indure
                 labour
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 on
                 the
                 inward
                 bought
                 of
                 his
                 knees
                 you
                 find
                 seams
                 ,
                 scabs
                 ,
                 or
                 hair-broken
                 ,
                 it
                 shews
                 a
                 Maleander
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 cankerous
                 ulcer
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Pasterns
                 .
              
               
                 Look
                 then
                 on
                 his
                 pastern-joynt
                 and
                 his
                 pastern
                 ;
                 the
                 first
                 must
                 be
                 clear
                 and
                 well
                 kni●
                 
                 together
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 must
                 be
                 short
                 ,
                 strong
                 and
                 upright
                 standing
                 :
                 for
                 if
                 the
                 first
                 be
                 bigor
                 sweld
                 ,
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 sinew-strains
                 and
                 gourdings
                 ;
                 if
                 the
                 other
                 be
                 long
                 ,
                 weak
                 or
                 bending
                 ,
                 the
                 limbs
                 will
                 be
                 hardly
                 able
                 to
                 carry
                 the
                 body
                 without
                 tiring
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Hooves
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 Hooves
                 in
                 generall
                 ,
                 they
                 should
                 be
                 black
                 ,
                 smooth
                 ,
                 tough
                 ,
                 rather
                 a
                 little
                 long
                 then
                 round
                 ,
                 deep
                 ,
                 hollow
                 and
                 full
                 sounding
                 :
                 for
                 white
                 Hooves
                 are
                 tender
                 ,
                 and
                 carry
                 ●
                 shooe
                 ill
                 ;
                 a
                 rough
                 ,
                 grosse
                 seamed
                 Hoof
                 ,
                 shewes
                 an
                 age
                 or
                 over-heating
                 .
                 A
                 brittle
                 hoof
                 will
                 carry
                 no
                 shooe
                 at
                 all
                 ;
                 an
                 extraordinary
                 round
                 hoof
                 is
                 ill
                 for
                 foul
                 ways
                 and
                 deep
                 hunting
                 .
                 A
                 flat
                 hoof
                 that
                 is
                 pumissed
                 ,
                 shews
                 soundering
                 ;
                 and
                 a
                 hoof
                 that
                 is
                 empty
                 ,
                 and
                 hollow-sounding
                 ,
                 shews
                 a
                 decayed
                 inward
                 part
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 some
                 wound
                 or
                 d●y
                 founder
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 crown
                 of
                 the
                 hoof
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 hair
                 lye
                 smooth
                 and
                 close
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 flesh
                 flat
                 and
                 even
                 ,
                 then
                 all
                 is
                 perfect
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 haire
                 be
                 staring
                 ,
                 the
                 skin
                 scabbed
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 flesh
                 rising
                 ,
                 then
                 look
                 for
                 a
                 Ring-bone
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 crown
                 scab
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 quitterbone
                 .
              
            
             
             
               
                 The
                 setting
                 on
                 of
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 his
                 Crest
                 and
                 Mane
                 .
              
               
                 After
                 this
                 ,
                 stand
                 by
                 his
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 look
                 ●o
                 the
                 setting
                 on
                 of
                 his
                 head
                 ,
                 and
                 see
                 that
                 i●
                 stand
                 neither
                 too
                 high
                 nor
                 too
                 low
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 ●
                 direct
                 line
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 his
                 neck
                 be
                 small
                 at
                 the
                 setting
                 on
                 of
                 the
                 head
                 ,
                 and
                 long
                 ,
                 growing
                 deeper
                 to
                 the
                 shoulders
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 high
                 ●●rong
                 and
                 thin
                 mane
                 ,
                 long
                 ,
                 soft
                 and
                 somewhat
                 curling
                 ;
                 for
                 these
                 are
                 beautifulll
                 characters
                 :
                 whereas
                 to
                 have
                 the
                 head
                 ill
                 set
                 on
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 greatest
                 deformity
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 any
                 bigness
                 or
                 swelling
                 in
                 the
                 nape
                 of
                 the
                 neck
                 ,
                 shews
                 the
                 Poul-evill
                 ,
                 or
                 beginning
                 of
                 a
                 Fistula
                 ;
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 short
                 thick
                 neck
                 like
                 a
                 Bull
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 it
                 falling
                 at
                 the
                 withers
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 low
                 ,
                 weak
                 ,
                 a
                 thick
                 ,
                 or
                 falling
                 crest
                 ,
                 shews
                 want
                 both
                 of
                 strength
                 and
                 metall
                 :
                 to
                 have
                 much
                 hair
                 on
                 the
                 mane
                 ,
                 sheweth
                 intolerable
                 dulness
                 ;
                 to
                 have
                 it
                 too
                 thin
                 ,
                 shews
                 fury
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 have
                 none
                 ,
                 or
                 shed
                 ,
                 shews
                 the
                 worm
                 in
                 the
                 mane
                 ,
                 the
                 itch
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 plain
                 Manginess
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Back
                 ,
                 Ribs
                 ,
                 Fillets
                 ;
                 Belly
                 ,
                 and
                 Stones
                 .
              
               
                 Look
                 on
                 the
                 chine
                 of
                 his
                 back
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 be
                 broad
                 ,
                 even
                 and
                 straight
                 ,
                 his
                 ribs
                 well
                 com●assed
                 
                 and
                 bending
                 outward
                 ,
                 his
                 Fillets
                 upright
                 ,
                 strong
                 and
                 short
                 ,
                 &
                 not
                 above
                 an
                 handfull
                 between
                 his
                 last
                 rib
                 and
                 his
                 hucklebone
                 ,
                 let
                 his
                 belly
                 be
                 well
                 let
                 down
                 ,
                 yet
                 hidden
                 within
                 his
                 ribs
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 his
                 stones
                 be
                 close
                 trust
                 up
                 to
                 his
                 body
                 :
                 for
                 all
                 these
                 are
                 marks
                 of
                 health
                 and
                 good
                 perfection
                 ,
                 whereas
                 to
                 have
                 his
                 chine
                 narrow
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 never
                 carry
                 a
                 saddle
                 without
                 wounding
                 :
                 and
                 to
                 have
                 it
                 bending
                 ,
                 or
                 Saddle-backed
                 ,
                 shews
                 weakness
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 have
                 his
                 Ribs
                 flat
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Liberty
                 for
                 wind
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 have
                 his
                 Fillets
                 hanging
                 ,
                 long
                 or
                 weak
                 ,
                 he
                 will
                 never
                 climb
                 an
                 hill
                 ,
                 nor
                 carry
                 a
                 burden
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 to
                 have
                 his
                 belly
                 clung
                 up
                 or
                 gaunt
                 ,
                 or
                 his
                 stones
                 hanging
                 down
                 ,
                 loose
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 side
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 both
                 signs
                 of
                 sickness
                 ,
                 tenderness
                 ,
                 foundring
                 in
                 the
                 body
                 ,
                 and
                 unaptness
                 for
                 labor
                 :
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Buttocks
                 .
              
               
                 Then
                 look
                 upon
                 his
                 Buttocks
                 ,
                 and
                 see
                 that
                 they
                 be
                 round
                 ,
                 plump
                 ,
                 full
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 an
                 even
                 levell
                 with
                 his
                 body
                 ▪
                 or
                 of
                 long
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 be
                 well
                 raised
                 behind
                 ,
                 and
                 spread
                 forth
                 at
                 the
                 setting
                 on
                 of
                 the
                 tail
                 ,
                 for
                 these
                 are
                 comely
                 and
                 beautifull
                 .
                 The
                 narrow
                 pin-buttock
                 ,
                 the
                 hog
                 or
                 swine
                 rump
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 falling
                 and
                 down-let
                 buttock
                 are
                 full
                 of
                 deformity
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 shew
                 both
                 an
                 injury
                 in
                 nature
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 neither
                 fit
                 or
                 becomming
                 ,
                 for
                 pad
                 ,
                 foot●loth
                 ,
                 or
                 pyllion
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Hinder-thighs
                 .
              
               
                 Then
                 look
                 to
                 his
                 hinder-thighs
                 ,
                 or
                 Ga●ains
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 well
                 let
                 down
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 middle-joynt
                 ,
                 thick
                 ,
                 brawny
                 ,
                 full
                 ,
                 and
                 swelling
                 :
                 for
                 that
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 argument
                 of
                 strength
                 and
                 goodness
                 ,
                 whereas
                 the
                 ●ank
                 ,
                 slender
                 thighs
                 ●hew
                 disability
                 and
                 weakness
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Cambrels
                 .
              
               
                 Then
                 look
                 upon
                 the
                 middle
                 joynt
                 behind
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 nothing
                 but
                 skin
                 and
                 bone
                 ,
                 veins
                 and
                 sinews
                 ,
                 and
                 rather
                 a
                 little
                 bending
                 then
                 to
                 ●ait
                 ,
                 then
                 it
                 is
                 perfect
                 as
                 it
                 should
                 be
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 ●●
                 have
                 chaps
                 or
                 sores
                 on
                 the
                 inward
                 bought
                 ●●
                 bending
                 ,
                 then
                 that
                 is
                 a
                 Selander
                 .
                 If
                 the
                 ●●ynt
                 be
                 sweld
                 generally
                 all
                 over
                 ,
                 then
                 he
                 hath
                 got
                 a
                 blow
                 or
                 bruise
                 :
                 if
                 the
                 swelling
                 be
                 particular
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 pot
                 ,
                 or
                 hollow
                 part
                 ,
                 or
                 ●n
                 the
                 inside
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 vein
                 full
                 and
                 proud
                 :
                 ●●
                 the
                 swelling
                 be
                 sofe
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 blood-spaven
                 :
                 ●●
                 hard
                 ,
                 a
                 bone-spaven
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 the
                 swelling
                 be
                 ●●st
                 behind
                 ,
                 before
                 the
                 knuckle
                 ,
                 then
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 ●urb
                 .
              
            
             
             
               
                 Hinder-Leggs
                 .
              
               
                 Then
                 look
                 to
                 his
                 hinder-legs
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 lea●
                 clean
                 ,
                 flat
                 and
                 sinowy
                 ,
                 then
                 all
                 is
                 well
                 ;
                 but
                 i●
                 they
                 be
                 fat
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 indure
                 labour
                 .
                 If
                 they
                 be
                 sweld
                 ,
                 the
                 grease
                 is
                 molten
                 into
                 them
                 .
                 If
                 he
                 be
                 scabbed
                 above
                 the
                 pasterns
                 ,
                 he
                 hath
                 the
                 Scratches
                 :
                 if
                 he
                 have
                 chaps
                 under
                 his
                 pasterns
                 ,
                 he
                 hath
                 rains
                 ,
                 and
                 none
                 of
                 these
                 but
                 are
                 noysome
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 His
                 Tayle
                 ▪
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 setting
                 on
                 of
                 his
                 Tayl
                 ,
                 where
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 good
                 Buttock
                 ,
                 the
                 tail
                 can
                 never
                 stand
                 ill
                 ▪
                 and
                 where
                 there
                 is
                 an
                 evill
                 buttock
                 there
                 the
                 tail
                 can
                 never
                 stand
                 well
                 :
                 for
                 i●
                 ought
                 to
                 stand
                 broad
                 ,
                 high
                 ,
                 flat
                 and
                 couche●
                 a
                 little
                 inward
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 I
                 have
                 shewed
                 you
                 the
                 true
                 shapes
                 and
                 true
                 deformities
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 in
                 your
                 choice
                 please
                 your
                 own
                 fancies
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             An
             uncontrollable
             way
             to
             know
             the
             age
             of
             an
             Horse
             .
          
           
             There
             are
             seven
             outward
             Characters
             by
             which
             to
             know
             the
             age
             of
             every
             Horse
             ,
             a
             namely
             ,
             his
             Teeth
             ,
             his
             Hooves
             his
             Tail
             
             his
             Eyes
             ,
             his
             Skin
             ,
             his
             Hair
             ,
             and
             the
             Bars
             in
             his
             mouth
             .
          
           
             
               His
               Teeth
               .
            
             
               If
               you
               will
               know
               his
               Age
               by
               his
               Teeth
               ,
               you
               must
               understand
               ,
               that
               an
               Horse
               hath
               in
               his
               head
               just
               forty
               teeth
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               six
               great
               Wong
               teeth
               above
               ,
               and
               six
               below
               on
               one
               side
               ,
               and
               as
               many
               on
               the
               other
               ,
               which
               maketh
               twenty
               four
               ,
               and
               are
               called
               his
               Grinders
               :
               Then
               six
               above
               and
               six
               below
               in
               the
               fore-part
               of
               his
               mouth
               ,
               which
               are
               called
               Gatherers
               ,
               and
               make
               36.
               
               Then
               four
               Tushes
               ,
               one
               above
               ,
               and
               one
               below
               on
               one
               side
               ,
               and
               are
               called
               the
               Bit
               Teeth
               ,
               which
               maketh
               just
               fourty
               .
            
             
               Now
               the
               first
               year
               he
               hath
               his
               Foals
               teeth
               ,
               which
               are
               onely
               Grinders
               and
               Gatherers
               ,
               but
               no
               Tushes
               ,
               and
               they
               be
               small
               ,
               white
               and
               bright
               to
               look
               on
               .
            
             
               The
               secound
               year
               he
               changeth
               the
               four
               formost
               teeth
               in
               his
               head
               ,
               that
               is
               ,
               two
               above
               and
               two
               below
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               rows
               of
               the
               Gatherers
               ,
               and
               they
               are
               browner
               and
               bigger
               then
               the
               other
               .
            
             
               The
               third
               year
               he
               changeth
               his
               teeth
               next
               unto
               them
               ,
               and
               leaveth
               no
               apparent
               Foals
               teeth
               before
               ,
               but
               two
               above
               ,
               and
               two
               below
               of
               each
               side
               ,
               which
               are
               also
               bright
               and
               small
               .
            
             
             
               The
               fourth
               year
               he
               changeth
               the
               teeth
               next
               unto
               them
               ,
               and
               leaveth
               no
               more
               Foale●
               teeth
               but
               one
               of
               each
               side
               ,
               both
               above
               and
               below
               .
            
             
               The
               fifth
               year
               his
               formost
               teeth
               will
               be
               all
               changed
               ;
               but
               then
               he
               hath
               his
               tushes
               on
               each
               side
               compleat
               ,
               and
               the
               last
               Foals
               teeth
               which
               he
               cast
               ,
               those
               which
               come
               up
               in
               their
               place
               ,
               will
               be
               hollow
               ,
               and
               have
               a
               little
               black
               speck
               in
               the
               midst
               ,
               which
               is
               called
               the
               mark
               in
               the
               horses
               mouth
               ,
               and
               continueth
               till
               he
               be
               past
               eight
               years
               old
            
             
               The
               sixth
               year
               he
               putteth
               up
               his
               new
               tushes
               ,
               near
               about
               which
               you
               shall
               see
               growing
               a
               little
               of
               new
               and
               young
               flesh
               ,
               at
               the
               bottome
               of
               the
               tush
               :
               besides
               ,
               the
               tush
               will
               be
               white
               ,
               small
               ,
               short
               and
               sharp
               .
            
             
               The
               seventh
               year
               all
               his
               teeth
               will
               have
               their
               perfect
               growth
               ;
               and
               the
               mark
               in
               the
               horses
               mouth
               (
               before
               spoken
               of
               )
               will
               be
               plainly
               seen
               .
            
             
               The
               eighth
               year
               all
               his
               teeth
               will
               be
               full
               ,
               smooth
               and
               plain
               ,
               the
               black
               speck
               or
               mark
               being
               no
               more
               but
               discerned
               ,
               and
               his
               tushes
               will
               be
               more
               yellow
               then
               ordinary
               .
            
             
               The
               ninth
               year
               his
               formost
               teeth
               will
               be
               longer
               ,
               broader
               ,
               yellower
               and
               fouler
               then
               at
               younger
               years
               ,
               the
               mark
               gone
               ,
               and
               his
               tushes
               will
               be
               bluntish
               .
            
             
               The
               tenth
               year
               in
               the
               inside
               of
               his
               upper
               
               ●ushes
               will
               be
               no
               holes
               at
               all
               to
               be
               felt
               with
               ●our
               finger●
               end
               ,
               which
               tel
               that
               age
               you
               shall
               ●●●r
               feel
               :
               besides
               the
               temples
               of
               his
               head
               will
               begin
               to
               be
               crooked
               and
               hollow
               .
            
             
               The
               eleventh
               year
               his
               teeth
               will
               be
               exceeding
               long
               ,
               very
               yellow
               ,
               black
               and
               foul
               ,
               onely
               he
               may
               then
               cut
               even
               ,
               and
               his
               teeth
               will
               stand
               directaly
               opposite
               one
               to
               another
               .
            
             
               The
               twelfth
               year
               his
               teeth
               will
               be
               long
               ,
               yellow
               ,
               black
               and
               foul
               ;
               but
               then
               his
               upper
               teeth
               will
               hang
               over
               his
               nether
               .
            
             
               The
               thirteenth
               year
               his
               tushes
               will
               be
               worn
               somwhat
               close
               to
               his
               chaps
               (
               if
               he
               be
               a
               much
               ridden
               horse
               )
               otherwise
               they
               will
               be
               black
               ,
               foul
               and
               long
               ,
               like
               the
               tushes
               of
               a
               Boar.
               
            
          
           
             
               His
               Hooves
               .
            
             
               If
               a
               horses
               hooves
               be
               rugged
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               were
               seamed
               one
               seam
               over
               another
               ,
               and
               many
               seames
               ;
               if
               they
               be
               dry
               ,
               full
               and
               crusty
               ,
               o●
               crumbling
               ,
               it
               is
               a
               sign
               of
               very
               old
               age
               :
               and
               on
               the
               contrary
               part
               ,
               a
               smouth
               ,
               moist
               ,
               hollow
               ,
               and
               wel
               sounding
               hoof
               is
               a
               signe
               of
               young
               years
               .
            
          
           
             
               His
               Tail
               .
            
             
               If
               you
               take
               an
               horse
               with
               your
               finger
               and
               your
               thumb
               by
               the
               stern
               of
               the
               tail
               ,
               close
               at
               the
               setting
               on
               by
               the
               buttock
               ,
               feeling
               there
               
               hard
               ,
               if
               you
               feel
               of
               each
               side
               the
               tail
               a
               joyn
               stick
               out
               more
               then
               any
               other
               by
               the
               big?nesse
               of
               an
               hazell
               nut
               ,
               then
               you
               may
               prsume
               the
               horse
               is
               under
               ten
               years
               old
               :
               but
               i●
               his
               joynts
               be
               all
               plain
               ,
               and
               no
               such
               thing
               t●
               be
               felt
               ,
               then
               he
               ●s
               above
               ten
               ,
               and
               may
               b●
               thirteen
               .
            
          
           
             
               His
               Eyes
               .
            
             
               If
               an
               horses
               eyes
               be
               round
               ,
               full
               ,
               staring
               ,
               o●
               starting
               from
               his
               head
               ,
               if
               the
               pits
               over
               them
               be
               filled
               ,
               smooth
               &
               even
               with
               his
               temples
               ,
               &
               no
               wrinckles
               either
               about
               his
               brow
               ,
               or
               under
               his
               eyes
               ,
               then
               he
               is
               young
               ;
               if
               otherwise
               yo●
               see
               the
               contrary
               characters
               ,
               it
               is
               a
               sign
               o●
               old
               age
               ,
            
          
           
             
               His
               Skin
               .
            
             
               If
               you
               take
               an
               horses
               skin
               in
               any
               part
               o●
               his
               body
               ,
               betwixt
               your
               finger
               and
               you●
               thumb
               ,
               and
               pull
               it
               from
               his
               flesh
               ,
               then
               letting
               it
               go
               again
               ,
               if
               it
               suddenly
               returne
               to
               the
               plac●
               from
               whence
               it
               came
               ,
               and
               be
               smooth
               and
               plain
               without
               wrinkle
               ,
               then
               he
               is
               young
               ,
               and
               full
               of
               strength
               :
               but
               if
               it
               stand
               and
               not
               return
               instantly
               to
               its
               former
               place
               ,
               then
               he
               i●
               very
               old
               and
               wasted
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               His
               Hayr
               ▪
            
             
               If
               an
               Horse
               that
               is
               of
               any
               dark
               colour
               ,
               shall
               grow
               grissell
               onely
               about
               his
               Eyebrows
               ,
               or
               underneath
               his
               Mane
               ;
               or
               any
               horse
               of
               a
               whitish
               colour
               shall
               grow
               meannelled
               with
               either
               black
               or
               red
               meannels
               universally
               over
               his
               body
               ,
               then
               both
               are
               signes
               of
               old
               age
               .
            
          
           
             
               His
               Barrs
               .
            
             
               Lastly
               ,
               if
               the
               Barrs
               in
               his
               mouth
               be
               great
               ,
               deep
               ,
               and
               handle
               rough
               and
               hard
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               horse
               old
               :
               but
               if
               they
               be
               soft
               ,
               shallow
               ,
               and
               handle
               gently
               and
               tenderly
               ,
               then
               is
               the
               horse
               young
               ,
               and
               in
               good
               ability
               of
               body
               .
            
          
        
         
           And
           thus
           much
           be
           spoken
           touching
           the
           Office
           of
           the
           Buyer
           .
        
      
       
       
         
           THE
           OFFICE
           OF
           THE
           FARRIER
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Signes
             of
             all
             Sicknesses
             ,
             and
             how
             to
             discern
             them
             .
          
           
             IF
             you
             find
             in
             your
             horse
             heaviness
             of
             countenance
             ,
             extream
             loosness
             ,
             or
             extream
             costiveness
             ,
             shortness
             of
             breath
             ,
             ●othing
             of
             meat
             ,
             dull
             and
             imperfect
             eys
             ,
             rotten
             or
             dry
             cough
             ,
             staring
             hair
             ,
             or
             hair
             unnaturally
             discoloured
             ,
             a
             staggering
             pace
             ,
             frantick
             behaviour
             ,
             yellowness
             of
             the
             eyes
             or
             skin
             ,
             faint
             or
             cold
             sweat
             ,
             extraordinary
             lying
             down
             ,
             or
             beating
             or
             looking
             back
             at
             his
             body
             alteration
             of
             qualities
             or
             gestures
             ,
             not
             casting
             of
             the
             coat
             ,
             leanness
             ,
             hide-bound
             and
             the
             like
             .
             All
             these
             are
             apparant
             signs
             of
             distemperature
             and
             sickness
             .
          
        
         
           
             Signes
             from
             the
             Dung
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             necessary
             to
             observe
             the
             horses
             dung
             ,
             
             for
             it
             is
             the
             best
             Tel-troth
             of
             his
             inward
             parts
             ;
             yet
             you
             must
             not
             judge
             it
             by
             a
             generall
             opinion
             ,
             but
             by
             a
             private
             discourse
             with
             your self
             how
             he
             hath
             been
             ●ed
             ,
             because
             food
             is
             the
             onely
             thing
             that
             breeds
             alterations
             ,
             —
             as
             thus
             —
          
           
             If
             he
             feed
             altogether
             upon
             grass
             ,
             his
             dung
             hath
             one
             complexion
             ,
             as
             green
             ;
             if
             upon
             hay
             ,
             then
             another
             ,
             as
             a
             little
             more
             dark
             .
             If
             upon
             little
             provender
             ,
             then
             inclining
             to
             yelow
             .
             But
             to
             avoid
             both
             curiosity
             and
             doubt
             ,
             observe
             well
             the
             complexion
             of
             his
             dung
             ,
             when
             he
             is
             in
             the
             best
             health
             ,
             and
             the
             best
             feeding
             ;
             and
             as
             you
             find
             it
             alter
             ,
             so
             judge
             either
             of
             his
             health
             or
             sickness
             ,
             as
             thus
             —
             —
          
           
             If
             his
             dung
             be
             clear
             ,
             crisp
             ,
             and
             of
             a
             pale
             yellowish
             complexion
             ,
             hanging
             together
             without
             separation
             ,
             more
             then
             as
             the
             weight
             breakes
             it
             in
             falling
             ,
             being
             neither
             so
             thin
             nor
             so
             thick
             ,
             but
             it
             wil
             a
             little
             ●●a●
             on
             the
             ground
             .
             And
             indeed
             both
             in
             savour
             and
             substance
             ,
             resembling
             a
             sound
             mans
             ordure
             ,
             then
             is
             the
             horse
             clean
             ,
             well
             fed
             ,
             and
             without
             imperfection
             :
          
           
             If
             it
             be
             well
             coloured
             ,
             yet
             fall
             from
             him
             in
             round
             knots
             ,
             or
             pellets
             ,
             so
             it
             be
             but
             the
             first
             or
             second
             dung
             ,
             the
             rest
             good
             ,
             as
             aforesaid
             ,
             it
             matters
             not
             :
             for
             it
             only
             shews
             he
             did
             eat
             hay
             lately
             ,
             and
             that
             will
             ever
             come
             away
             first
             .
             But
             if
             all
             his
             dung
             be
             alike
             ,
             then
             it
             is
             a
             
             sign
             of
             foul
             feeding
             ,
             and
             he
             hath
             either
             too
             much
             hay
             ,
             or
             eates
             too
             much
             litter
             ,
             and
             too
             little
             corn
             .
          
           
             If
             his
             dung
             be
             in
             round
             pellets
             ,
             and
             blackish
             ,
             or
             brows
             ,
             it
             shews
             inward
             heat
             in
             the
             body
             .
          
           
             If
             it
             be
             greasie
             ,
             it
             shews
             foulness
             ,
             and
             that
             grease
             is
             molten
             ,
             but
             cannot
             come
             away
             .
             If
             he
             void
             grease
             in
             gross
             substance
             with
             his
             dung
             ,
             if
             the
             grease
             ●e
             white
             and
             clear
             ,
             then
             it
             comes
             away
             kindly
             ,
             and
             there
             is
             no
             danger
             :
             but
             if
             it
             be
             yellow
             or
             putrified
             ,
             then
             the
             grease
             hath
             lain
             long
             in
             his
             body
             ,
             and
             sickness
             will
             follow
             if
             not
             prevented
             .
          
           
             If
             his
             dung
             be
             red
             and
             hard
             ,
             then
             the
             horse
             hath
             had
             too
             strong
             heats
             ,
             and
             costiveness
             will
             follow
             :
             if
             it
             be
             pale
             and
             loose
             ,
             it
             shews
             inward
             coldness
             of
             body
             ,
             or
             too
             much
             moist
             and
             corrupt
             feeding
             :
          
        
         
           
             Signes
             from
             the
             Urine
             .
          
           
             THough
             the
             Urine
             be
             not
             altogether
             so
             materiall
             as
             the
             dung
             ,
             yet
             it
             hath
             some
             true
             faces
             ,
             as
             thus
             —
          
           
             That
             Urine
             which
             is
             of
             a
             pale
             yellowish
             colour
             ,
             rather
             thick
             then
             thin
             ,
             of
             a
             strong
             smell
             and
             a
             piercing
             condition
             ,
             is
             an
             health
             ,
             full
             ,
             sound
             and
             good
             urine
             :
             but
             if
             it
             be
             of
             an
             high
             ,
             red
             complexion
             ,
             either
             like
             blood
             ,
             or
             
             inclining
             to
             blood
             ,
             then
             hath
             the
             horse
             had
             either
             too
             sore
             heats
             ,
             been
             over-ridden
             ,
             or
             ridden
             to
             early
             after
             winter
             grass
             .
          
           
             If
             the
             Urine
             be
             of
             an
             high
             complexion
             ,
             clear
             and
             transparent
             ,
             like
             old
             March
             Beer
             ,
             then
             he
             is
             inflamed
             in
             his
             body
             ,
             and
             hath
             taken
             some
             surfit
             .
          
           
             If
             the
             urine
             carry
             a
             white
             cream
             on
             the
             top
             ,
             it
             shews
             a
             weak
             back
             ,
             or
             consumption
             of
             seed
             .
          
           
             A
             green
             urine
             shews
             consumption
             of
             the
             body
             .
          
           
             A
             Urine
             with
             bloody
             streaks
             shews
             an
             ulcer
             in
             the
             kidnies
             :
             and
             a
             black
             ,
             thick
             ,
             cloudy
             urine
             shews
             death
             and
             mortality
             .
          
        
         
           
             Of
             sickness
             in
             generall
             .
          
           
             Whensoever
             ,
             upon
             any
             occasion
             ,
             you
             shall
             find
             the
             horse
             droop
             in
             countenance
             ,
             to
             forsake
             his
             meat
             ,
             or
             to
             shew
             any
             other
             apparent
             sign
             of
             sickness
             ;
             if
             they
             be
             not
             great
             ,
             you
             may
             forbear
             to
             let
             blood
             ,
             because
             where
             the
             blood
             is
             spent
             ,
             the
             spirits
             are
             spent
             also
             ,
             and
             they
             are
             not
             easily
             recovered
             .
             But
             if
             the
             signes
             be
             great
             and
             dangerous
             ,
             then
             by
             all
             means
             let
             blood
             instantly
             ,
             and
             for
             three
             mornings
             together
             (
             the
             horse
             being
             fastning
             )
             give
             him
             half
             an
             ounce
             of
             the
             powder
             (
             called
             by
             me
             )
             
               Diahexaple
               ,
            
             and
             by
             the
             Italians
             ,
             
               Regin●
            
             
             
               medicina
               ,
            
             the
             
               Queen
               of
               medicines
               ,
            
             brewed
             either
             in
             a
             pint
             of
             Muskadine
             or
             Malmsey
             ,
             or
             a
             pint
             of
             the
             syrop
             of
             Sugar
             ,
             being
             two
             degrees
             above
             the
             ordinary
             Molosses
             ,
             or
             for
             want
             thereof
             Molosses
             wil
             serve
             the
             turn
             ;
             and
             where
             all
             are
             wanting
             ,
             you
             may
             take
             a
             pint
             either
             of
             dragon
             water
             ,
             or
             a
             quart
             of
             the
             sweetest
             and
             strongest
             Ale-wort
             ,
             or
             in
             extre
             mity
             take
             a
             quart
             of
             strong
             Ale
             or
             Beer
             ,
             but
             then
             warm
             it
             a
             little
             before
             the
             fire
             .
          
           
             This
             must
             be
             given
             with
             an
             horn
             ,
             and
             if
             the
             Horse
             have
             ability
             of
             body
             ,
             ride
             him
             in
             some
             warm
             place
             after
             it
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             fast
             near
             two
             hours
             after
             the
             riding
             .
          
           
             At
             noon
             give
             him
             a
             sweet
             mash
             ,
             cloath
             very
             warm
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             touch
             no
             cold
             water
             .
          
           
             Now
             touching
             the
             exact
             and
             true
             making
             of
             this
             rare
             powder
             ,
             which
             I
             call
             
               Diahexaple
               ,
            
             because
             no
             man
             (
             that
             I
             know
             )
             Apothecary
             or
             other
             ,
             doth
             at
             this
             day
             make
             it
             truely
             ,
             partly
             because
             it
             is
             an
             experiment
             but
             lately
             come
             to
             my
             knowledge
             by
             conference
             with
             learned
             Physicians
             ,
             and
             partly
             because
             our
             medicine
             makers
             are
             in
             Horse
             physick
             less
             curious
             then
             they
             should
             be
             ;
             through
             which
             errors
             there
             is
             produced
             to
             the
             world
             an
             abundance
             of
             false
             mixtures
             ,
             which
             both
             deceiveth
             the
             honest
             Hors-master
             ,
             kills
             the
             harmless
             horse
             ,
             and
             disgraceth
             the
             well-meaning
             Farrier
             ,
             To
             repair
             all
             which
             ,
             I
             
             will
             here
             set
             down
             the
             true
             manner
             of
             making
             this
             admirable
             powder
             ,
             together
             with
             the
             vertues
             and
             operations
             thereof
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             true
             manner
             of
             making
             the
             true
             Diahexaple
             ,
          
           
             Take
             the
             roots
             of
             round
             
               Aristologia
               ,
            
             wash
             them
             ,
             scrape
             them
             ,
             and
             purifie
             them
             as
             clear
             as
             may
             be
             ,
             then
             take
             Juniper
             Berries
             unexcorticated
             ,
             and
             Bay-berries
             excorticated
             ;
             take
             the
             purest
             and
             best
             drops
             as
             Myrrh
             ,
             and
             the
             finest
             shavings
             of
             Ivory
             ,
             of
             each
             an
             equall
             quantity
             ;
             beat
             all
             but
             the
             Myrrh
             together
             ,
             and
             search
             them
             fine
             :
             Lastly
             ,
             beat
             the
             Myrrh
             and
             search
             it
             also
             ;
             then
             mix
             and
             incorporate
             all
             together
             ,
             press
             it
             hard
             into
             a
             gally-pot
             ,
             and
             keep
             it
             ,
             and
             use
             it
             as
             you
             have
             occasion
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             vertues
             of
             true
             Diahexaple
             .
          
           
             This
             powder
             ,
             or
             indeed
             Methridate
             ,
             called
             Diahexaple
             ,
             or
             the
             Queen
             of
             Medicines
             ,
             is
             most
             excellent
             &
             soveraign
             against
             all
             manner
             of
             poyson
             ,
             either
             inward
             or
             outward
             ,
             it
             cureth
             the
             biting
             of
             venemous
             beasts
             ,
             and
             helpeth
             short
             wind
             and
             pursickness
             .
             
               Dodoneus
               .
            
          
           
             It
             mundifieth
             ,
             cleanseth
             ,
             suppleth
             ,
             and
             maketh
             thin
             all
             gross
             humours
             ,
             it
             healeth
             all
             diseases
             of
             the
             Liver
             and
             Stomack
             ,
             helps
             
             digestion
             ,
             and
             being
             given
             in
             a
             pint
             of
             Sack
             ,
             it
             cureth
             all
             colds
             :
             it
             is
             good
             against
             consumptions
             ,
             breaks
             flegm
             ,
             helps
             staggers
             ,
             and
             all
             diseases
             of
             the
             head
             .
             
               Gerrard
               .
            
          
           
             It
             recovers
             tyring
             and
             weariness
             ,
             and
             takes
             away
             cramps
             and
             convulcions
             ,
             dries
             up
             the
             Skurvy
             ,
             breaks
             the
             stone
             ,
             opens
             all
             inward
             obstructions
             ,
             and
             helps
             the
             yellows
             ,
             the
             gargil
             and
             the
             dropsie
             .
             
               Diascorides
               .
            
          
           
             It
             cures
             all
             diseases
             of
             the
             lungs
             ,
             as
             glanders
             and
             rottenness
             ,
             gives
             ease
             to
             all
             gripings
             and
             windiness
             of
             the
             belly
             ,
             provoketh
             urine
             ,
             takes
             away
             infection
             ,
             and
             kils
             worms
             .
             
               Gale
               .
            
             ●
             .
          
        
         
           
             A
             Drink
             to
             open
             an
             Horses
             body
             ,
             and
             cleanse
             it
             .
          
           
             Take
             a
             quart
             of
             new
             milk
             ,
             Sallet-oyl
             ,
             hony
             ,
             each
             half
             a
             pint
             ,
             an
             ounce
             of
             London
             treacle
             ,
             and
             the
             yolks
             of
             six
             ,
             eggs
             beat
             all
             together
             :
             and
             then
             put
             to
             it
             licoras
             ,
             sugar-candy
             ,
             anise-seeds
             (
             all
             in
             powder
             )
             of
             each
             an
             ounce
             ,
             and
             infuse
             all
             together
             ,
             so
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             ,
             ride
             him
             after
             it
             ,
             set
             up
             warm
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             fast
             above
             an
             an
             hour
             .
          
        
         
           
             The
             true
             manner
             of
             making
             those
             cordial
             Bal●
             ,
             which
             cure
             any
             violent
             cold
             or
             Glanders
             which
             prevent
             heart-sickness
             .
             which
             purge
             away
             all
             molten
             grease
             ,
             which
             recover
             a
             lost
             
             stomack
             ,
             which
             keep
             the
             heart
             from
             fainting
             with
             exercise
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             lean
             horse
             fat
             suddenly
             .
          
           
             Take
             Aniseeds
             ,
             Cominseeds
             ,
             Fenegreekseeds
             ,
             Carthumus
             seeds
             :
             Elicampane
             roots
             and
             Colts
             foot
             ,
             each
             two
             ounces
             beaten
             ,
             and
             searced
             to
             a
             fine
             dust
             ,
             two
             ounces
             of
             the
             flower
             of
             Brimston
             :
             then
             take
             an
             ounce
             of
             the
             juice
             of
             Licoras
             ,
             and
             dissolve
             it
             on
             the
             fire
             in
             half
             a
             pint
             of
             white
             wine
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             take
             an
             ounce
             of
             Chymicall
             oyl
             of
             Aniseeds
             ,
             then
             of
             sallet
             oyl
             ,
             hony
             ,
             and
             the
             Syrop
             of
             Sugar
             ,
             or
             for
             want
             of
             it
             Molosses
             ,
             of
             each
             half
             a
             pint
             ,
             then
             mix
             all
             this
             with
             the
             former
             powders
             ,
             and
             with
             as
             much
             fine
             wheat
             flower
             as
             will
             bind
             and
             knit
             them
             all
             together
             ,
             work
             them
             into
             stiff
             paste
             ,
             and
             make
             thereof
             Balls
             somwhat
             bigger
             then
             French
             Walnuts
             ●ull
             and
             all
             ,
             and
             so
             keep
             them
             in
             a
             close
             Gallipot
             ,
             (
             for
             they
             will
             last
             all
             the
             year
             :
             )
             Yet
             I
             do
             not
             mean
             that
             you
             shall
             keep
             them
             in
             the
             pot
             in
             balls
             :
             for
             so
             because
             they
             cannot
             lye
             close
             ,
             the
             air
             may
             get
             in
             and
             do
             hurt
             ;
             as
             also
             the
             strength
             of
             the
             oyls
             will
             sweat
             outward
             and
             weaken
             the
             substance
             ,
             therefore
             knead
             the
             whole
             lump
             of
             paste
             into
             the
             Gallipot
             ,
             and
             make
             the
             Balls
             as
             you
             have
             occasion
             to
             use
             them
             .
          
           
             Now
             for
             the
             use
             of
             these
             Balls
             ,
             because
             
             they
             are
             cordiall
             ,
             and
             have
             divers
             excellent
             vertues
             ,
             you
             shall
             understand
             ,
             that
             if
             you
             use
             them
             to
             prevent
             sickness
             ,
             then
             you
             shall
             take
             a
             Ball
             ,
             and
             aniont
             it
             all
             over
             with
             sweet
             Butter
             ,
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             in
             the
             morning
             ▪
             in
             the
             manner
             of
             a
             Pill
             ,
             then
             ride
             him
             a
             little
             after
             it
             (
             if
             you
             please
             ,
             otherwise
             you
             may
             chuse
             )
             and
             feed
             and
             water
             him
             abroad
             or
             at
             home
             according
             to
             your
             usual
             custome
             .
             And
             thus
             do
             3
             or
             4
             mornings
             together
             .
          
           
             If
             you
             use
             them
             to
             cure
             either
             cold
             or
             glanders
             ,
             then
             use
             them
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             for
             a
             week
             together
             .
             If
             you
             use
             them
             to
             fatten
             an
             horse
             ,
             then
             give
             them
             for
             a
             fortnight
             together
             .
             But
             if
             you
             use
             them
             in
             the
             nature
             of
             a
             scouring
             to
             take
             away
             molten
             grease
             &
             foulness
             ,
             then
             instantly
             after
             his
             heat
             ,
             and
             in
             his
             heat
             .
             Again
             ,
             if
             you
             find
             your
             horse
             at
             any
             time
             hath
             taken
             a
             little
             cold
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             perceive
             by
             his
             inward
             ratling
             ,
             if
             then
             you
             take
             one
             of
             these
             Balls
             ,
             and
             dissolve
             it
             in
             a
             pint
             of
             sack
             ,
             and
             so
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             ,
             it
             is
             a
             present
             remedy
             .
             Also
             to
             dissolve
             the
             Ball
             in
             his
             ordinary
             water
             ,
             being
             made
             luke
             warm
             ,
             it
             worketh
             the
             life
             effect
             ,
             and
             fatneth
             exceedingly
             :
          
           
             To
             give
             one
             of
             these
             Balls
             before
             travell
             ,
             it
             prevents
             tyring
             ;
             to
             give
             it
             in
             the
             height
             of
             travel
             ,
             it
             refresheth
             the
             weariness
             :
             and
             to
             give
             it
             after
             travel
             ,
             it
             saves
             an
             horse
             from
             all
             surfeit
             and
             inward
             sickness
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             For
             the
             Bots
             or
             any
             Worms
             .
          
           
             Take
             a
             quart
             of
             new
             milk
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             hony
             ●●
             will
             make
             it
             extraordinary
             sweet
             ,
             then
             ●eing
             luke-warm
             ,
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             early
             ,
             he
             ●aving
             fasted
             all
             the
             night
             before
             ,
             then
             bridle
             ●im
             up
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             stand
             tied
             to
             the
             empty
             ●ack
             for
             two
             hours
             :
             then
             take
             halfe
             a
             pint
             ●●white
             wine
             ,
             and
             dissolve
             into
             it
             a
             good
             ●poonfull
             or
             more
             of
             black
             soap
             ,
             and
             being
             ●●ll
             mixt
             together
             ,
             give
             it
             him
             to
             drink
             ,
             ●en
             ride
             and
             chafe
             him
             a
             little
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             ●●t
             another
             hour
             ,
             and
             the
             Worms
             will
             a●oid
             .
          
        
         
           
             Another
             for
             Worms
             more
             ready
             ,
             more
             easie
             .
          
           
             Take
             the
             soft
             Down-hairs
             that
             grow
             in
             the
             ●rs
             of
             an
             horse
             ,
             and
             which
             you
             clip
             away
             ●hen
             you
             coule
             him
             ,
             and
             the
             little
             short
             tuft
             ●hich
             grows
             on
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Fore-head
             ,
             ●derneath
             his
             fore-top
             :
             and
             having
             a
             pretty
             ●antity
             ,
             mix
             them
             with
             a
             pottle
             of
             oats
             ,
             and
             ●●●e
             them
             to
             the
             horse
             ,
             and
             it
             helpeth
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             A
             Purgation
             when
             an
             horse
             is
             sick
             of
             grease
             ,
             or
             costiveness
             .
          
           
             Take
             a
             pint
             of
             old
             white
             Wine
             ,
             and
             o●
             the
             fire
             dissolve
             into
             it
             a
             lump
             as
             much
             a●
             an
             Henns
             Egge
             of
             Castle-sope
             ,
             and
             sti●
             them
             together
             ,
             then
             take
             it
             off
             ,
             and
             put
             in
             to
             it
             two
             good
             spoonfulls
             of
             Hempseed
             beaten
             ,
             an
             ounce
             of
             sugar-candy
             in
             powder
             and
             brew
             all
             together
             ,
             then
             having
             wa●med
             the
             horse
             ,
             to
             stirre
             up
             his
             grease
             another
             foul
             humors
             ,
             give
             him
             this
             to
             drink
             and
             walk
             him
             up
             and
             down
             a
             little
             after
             ●
             to
             make
             the
             potion
             work
             ;
             then
             set
             u●
             warm
             ,
             and
             after
             a
             little
             stirring
             him
             in
             h●
             stall
             ,
             if
             he
             grow
             sickish
             ,
             give
             him
             liberty
             t●
             lye
             down
             ;
             then
             after
             two
             hours
             fasting
             giv●
             him
             a
             sweet
             Mash
             ,
             then
             feed
             as
             at
             othe●
             times
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             Laxativeness
             ,
             or
             extream
             Loosness
             .
          
           
             Take
             a
             quart
             of
             red
             Wine
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             fire
             put
             into
             it
             an
             ounce
             and
             an
             halfe
             ●
             Bolarmonie
             in
             powder
             ,
             and
             two
             ounces
             a●
             an
             half
             of
             the
             conserve
             of
             Sloes
             ,
             mix
             th●●
             together
             ,
             after
             take
             it
             from
             the
             fire
             ,
             a●
             put
             to
             it
             a
             spoonfull
             or
             two
             of
             the
             powd●
             
             of
             Cynamon
             ,
             brew
             all
             together
             ,
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             :
             but
             let
             him
             fast
             two
             hours
             after
             it
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             eat
             no
             washed
             meat
             :
             Hay
             is
             wholsome
             ,
             so
             is
             Bread
             and
             Oats
             ,
             if
             they
             be
             well
             mixt
             with
             Beans
             or
             Wheat
             ,
             but
             not
             otherwise
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             the
             stone
             ,
             or
             pain
             of
             urine
             by
             winde
             causing
             sickness
          
           
             Make
             a
             strong
             decoction
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             to
             say
             )
             boyle
             your
             first
             quantity
             of
             water
             to
             an
             halfe
             part
             three
             times
             over
             ,
             of
             keen
             onions
             clean
             peeled
             ,
             and
             parsley
             ,
             then
             take
             a
             quart
             thereof
             ,
             and
             put
             to
             it
             a
             good
             spoonefull
             of
             London
             Treacle
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             of
             the
             powder
             of
             Egge-shels
             ,
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             .
          
           
             And
             thus
             do
             divers
             mornings
             ,
             if
             the
             infirmity
             be
             great
             ,
             otherwise
             ,
             when
             you
             see
             the
             horse
             offended
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             an
             Horse
             that
             staleth
             blood
             .
          
           
             Take
             knot-grasse
             ,
             Shephards
             purse
             ,
             Blood-wort
             of
             the
             hedge
             ,
             Polypodium
             of
             the
             wall
             ,
             Comphrey
             ,
             Garden
             Blood-wort
             ,
             of
             each
             an
             handfull
             ,
             shread
             them
             fine
             ,
             and
             put
             them
             into
             a
             quart
             of
             Beer
             ,
             Ale
             or
             milk
             ,
             and
             put
             to
             them
             a
             little
             salt
             ,
             a
             little
             soot
             and
             leaven
             ▪
             mix
             all
             to gether
             ,
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             to
             drink
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             For
             a
             growing
             cold
             .
          
           
             Take
             the
             juyce
             of
             Licoras
             ,
             London
             Treacle
             ,
             Aniseeds
             ,
             Turmereack
             ,
             Fenegreek
             and
             long
             pepper
             ,
             of
             each
             an
             ounce
             ,
             the
             hard
             Simples
             in
             powder
             :
             then
             of
             Suger-candy
             two
             ounces
             ,
             and
             with
             as
             much
             English
             hony
             as
             will
             suffice
             ,
             incorporate
             all
             together
             ,
             and
             make
             thereof
             Balls
             as
             bigge
             as
             a
             good
             pullets
             egge
             ,
             and
             give
             the
             horse
             two
             or
             three
             in
             the
             morning
             fasting
          
           
             After
             he
             hath
             taken
             the
             Balls
             ,
             give
             him
             two
             new
             laid
             eggs
             ,
             then
             rid
             ehim
             ,
             and
             at
             noon
             give
             him
             a
             Mash
             ,
             keep
             warm
             ,
             and
             do
             this
             twice
             or
             thrice
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             a
             more
             violent
             cold
             causing
             rotting
             in
             the
             head
             .
          
           
             Take
             the
             bigge
             Elecampane
             root
             ,
             slice
             it
             ,
             and
             boyl
             it
             in
             water
             from
             a
             pottle
             to
             a
             quart
             ,
             then
             strain
             it
             ,
             and
             to
             that
             water
             put
             a
             pint
             of
             Urine
             ,
             and
             a
             pint
             of
             Muskadine
             ,
             of
             Aniseeds
             ,
             Licoras
             ,
             Cominseeds
             ,
             Long
             Pepper
             (
             in
             pouder
             )
             of
             each
             an
             ounce
             ,
             twenty
             Raisins
             of
             the
             Sun
             stoned
             and
             brused
             ,
             and
             of
             Sugercandy
             two
             ounces
             ▪
             let
             all
             these
             symmer
             on
             the
             fire
             ,
             and
             not
             boyl
             ,
             till
             they
             be
             incorporate
             ,
             then
             take
             i●
             
             off
             ,
             and
             to
             one
             halfe
             therof
             (
             which
             is
             a
             suffiacient
             drench
             )
             put
             a
             quarter
             of
             a
             pound
             of
             sweet
             butter
             ,
             and
             four
             spoonfuls
             of
             sallet-oyle
             ;
             then
             being
             luke-warm
             ,
             give
             the
             horse
             a
             third
             part
             of
             the
             drench
             ,
             and
             after
             it
             a
             new
             laid
             egge
             :
             then
             another
             third
             part
             ,
             and
             after
             it
             another
             egge
             :
             then
             lastly
             ,
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             drink
             .
             Then
             ride
             him
             pretty
             roundly
             after
             it
             for
             near
             an
             houre
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             fast
             another
             houre
             ;
             keep
             warme
             ,
             and
             feed
             as
             at
             other
             timer
             .
             At
             noon
             give
             him
             a
             mash
             ,
             and
             the
             next
             day
             give
             him
             the
             other
             half
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             a
             desperate
             dry
             cough
             .
          
           
             Take
             a
             pint
             of
             burnt
             Sack
             ,
             Sallet
             oyle
             and
             red
             wine
             vinegar
             ,
             of
             both
             a
             quarter
             of
             a
             pint
             ,
             of
             Fenegrick
             ,
             Turmerick
             ,
             ●ong
             peper
             ,
             and
             Licoras
             ,
             of
             each
             a
             spoonfull
             in
             powder
             ,
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             half
             at
             the
             one
             nostril
             ;
             and
             half
             at
             another
             ,
             and
             doe
             this
             twice
             ▪
             week
             ,
             and
             ride
             him
             after
             it
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             fast
             two
             houres
             ,
             and
             keep
             his
             head
             and
             breast
             warm
             .
          
           
             For
             the
             ordinary
             water
             you
             may
             give
             him
             for
             a
             fortnight
             ,
             let
             it
             have
             good
             store
             of
             sliced
             English
             Licoras
             steept
             into
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             a
             cold
             long
             setled
             .
          
           
             Take
             three
             heads
             of
             Garlick
             ,
             and
             rost
             them
             in
             the
             embers
             ,
             then
             mix
             them
             with
             three
             spoonfulls
             of
             Tarre
             ,
             as
             much
             powder
             
             sugar
             ,
             and
             halfe
             a
             pound
             of
             hogges
             grease
             ,
             then
             with
             Aniseeds
             ,
             Licoras
             ,
             Elicampane
             ,
             Fenegreek
             ,
             and
             Cominseeds
             ,
             make
             it
             into
             paste
             ,
             and
             give
             as
             much
             at
             once
             as
             a
             Ducks
             egge
             ▪
          
        
         
           
             For
             a
             dry
             Cough
             ,
             or
             wasted
             Lungs
             .
          
           
             Take
             Elicampace
             ,
             the
             flower
             of
             Brimstone
             ,
             Licoras
             ,
             Fenell
             seed
             ,
             Linseed
             of
             each
             an
             ounce
             ,
             searc't
             ,
             syrop
             of
             Elicampane
             an
             ounce
             ,
             and
             of
             clarified
             hony
             a
             pound
             ,
             work
             the
             powders
             and
             these
             together
             ,
             and
             to
             a
             pint
             of
             sweet
             wine
             put
             two
             ounces
             of
             these
             ,
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             morning
             and
             evening
             ,
             ride
             him
             after
             it
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             fast
             an
             hour
             after
             riding
             ,
             give
             no
             cold
             water
             but
             with
             exercise
             .
          
        
         
           
             A
             Cordiall
             powder
             for
             any
             ordinary
             cold
             ,
             and
             to
             prepare
             a
             horse
             before
             travell
             ,
             to
             refresh
             him
             in
             travell
             ,
             and
             to
             preserve
             him
             from
             mischief
             after
             travel
             .
          
           
             Take
             of
             English
             Licoras
             ,
             Elicampane
             roots
             ,
             of
             each
             an
             ounce
             ,
             of
             Sugercandy
             an
             ounce
             and
             a
             halfe
             ;
             beat
             them
             to
             fine
             powder
             and
             searce
             them
             .
          
           
             Keep
             the
             powder
             in
             a
             box
             ,
             and
             when
             you
             have
             occasion
             to
             use
             it
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             for
             a
             cold
             ,
             then
             give
             half
             an
             ounce
             in
             a
             pint
             of
             Sack
             :
             if
             
             it
             be
             in
             travell
             ,
             then
             give
             it
             in
             sweet
             wine
             ,
             or
             strong
             Ale
             ;
             but
             if
             in
             Ale
             ,
             then
             take
             a
             quart
             ;
             and
             give
             it
             both
             before
             travell
             and
             in
             your
             Inne
             ,
             or
             at
             home
             immediately
             after
             travell
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             break
             a
             festred
             cold
             to
             dry
             up
             glanders
             ,
             and
             to
             heal
             the
             ulcer
             ,
             or
             canker
             in
             the
             nose
             .
          
           
             Take
             a
             pint
             of
             verdjuice
             ,
             and
             put
             to
             it
             so
             much
             strong
             mustard
             made
             with
             wine
             Vinegar
             ,
             as
             will
             make
             it
             strong
             and
             keen
             thereof
             ;
             then
             take
             an
             ounce
             of
             roche
             Allom
             in
             powder
             ,
             and
             when
             you
             give
             this
             to
             the
             horse
             ,
             as
             you
             fil
             the
             horn
             ,
             so
             with
             a
             knife
             or
             spoon
             put
             some
             of
             the
             Allom
             into
             the
             horn
             ,
             and
             so
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             part
             at
             both
             nostrils
             ,
             but
             especialy
             that
             nostrill
             which
             runneth
             most
             ;
             then
             ride
             him
             a
             little
             after
             it
             ▪
             and
             set
             up
             warm
             ,
             and
             give
             no
             cold
             water
             without
             exercise
             .
             Thus
             do
             divers
             mornings
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             the
             Glanders
             .
          
           
             Take
             Cominseeds
             ,
             Grains
             and
             Fenegreek
             in
             powder
             ,
             of
             each
             halfe
             an
             ounce
             ;
             of
             Diahexaple
             a
             quarter
             of
             an
             ounce
             ,
             beat
             this
             in
             a
             mortar
             with
             a
             quarter
             of
             a
             pint
             of
             verdjuice
             ,
             three
             spoonfuls
             of
             Sallet
             oyl
             ,
             and
             two
             
             spoon●tl
             of
             Aquavitae
             :
             then
             put
             al
             together
             to
             a
             quart
             of
             old
             Ale
             ,
             with
             a
             good
             slice
             of
             sweet
             butter
             ,
             and
             set
             it
             on
             the
             fire
             till
             it
             be
             ready
             to
             boyl
             ;
             then
             being
             luke
             warm
             ,
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             ,
             part
             at
             the
             mouth
             ,
             and
             part
             at
             both
             nostrils
             :
             then
             ride
             him
             pretty
             roundly
             for
             an
             hour
             ,
             and
             set
             up
             warm
             ;
             let
             him
             fast
             an
             hour
             ,
             and
             if
             you
             perceive
             sickness
             to
             grow
             ,
             give
             him
             a
             pint
             of
             new
             milk
             .
          
        
         
           
             To
             stay
             the
             glanders
             for
             a
             time
             ,
             being
             incurable
             .
          
           
             Take
             the
             green
             bark
             of
             Elder
             ,
             and
             beat
             it
             in
             a
             mortar
             ,
             and
             strain
             it
             till
             you
             have
             a
             pint
             thereof
             ,
             then
             put
             that
             juice
             to
             a
             pint
             of
             old
             Ale
             ,
             and
             warm
             it
             on
             the
             fire
             with
             a
             good
             lump
             of
             sweet
             butter
             ,
             and
             a
             nounce
             of
             sugarcandy
             ,
             and
             so
             give
             the
             horse
             ,
             ride
             him
             after
             it
             ,
             let
             him
             fast
             an
             hour
             ,
             and
             keep
             warm
             .
             Do
             thus
             divers
             mornings
             .
          
        
         
           
             For
             decayed
             or
             stopped
             Lungs
             ,
             which
             we
             call
             Broken
             wind
             .
          
           
             Take
             halfe
             a
             pint
             of
             Coltsfoot
             water
             ,
             or
             the
             syrop
             of
             Coltsfoot
             ;
             but
             in
             the
             syrop
             it
             will
             best
             dissolve
             ,
             and
             put
             into
             it
             a
             dram
             of
             
               Balsamum
               Sulphuris
               ,
            
             and
             give
             it
             the
             Horse
             in
             the
             morning
             fasting
             ,
             then
             ride
             him
             a
             
             little
             after
             it
             ,
             be
             sure
             to
             keep
             warm
             ,
             and
             give
             no
             cold
             water
             without
             exercise
             .
             Do
             thus
             every
             other
             morning
             ,
             giving
             it
             one
             morning
             at
             the
             mouth
             ,
             and
             another
             at
             the
             nostrils
             till
             you
             find
             amendment
             .
          
        
         
           
             A
             scouring
             when
             others
             will
             not
             work
             .
          
           
             Take
             of
             sweet
             Butter
             a
             quarter
             of
             a
             pound
             ,
             half
             so
             much
             Castle
             Sope
             ,
             and
             halfe
             an
             ounce
             of
             Aloes
             ,
             beat
             them
             together
             :
             then
             add
             of
             Hempseed
             two
             spoonfulls
             ,
             of
             rosin
             half
             a
             spoonfull
             ,
             of
             sugarcandy
             an
             ounce
             ,
             all
             bruised
             ●ine
             ,
             work
             it
             into
             a
             paste
             ,
             and
             give
             it
             the
             horse
             in
             balls
             immediatly
             after
             his
             heat
             ,
             or
             when
             you
             have
             warmed
             him
             ,
             and
             stirred
             up
             the
             grease
             and
             foulness
             within
             him
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             OUTWARD
             SORRANCES
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Signes
               of
               outward
               Sorrances
               .
            
             
               OUtward
               Sorrances
               are
               discerned
               when
               any
               member
               or
               part
               in
               an
               horse
               is
               disfigured
               or
               evill
               affected
               by
               the
               loss
               of
               true
               shape
               ,
               disability
               in
               motion
               ,
               the
               increase
               or
               decrease
               of
               number
               and
               quantity
               ,
               the
               disproportion
               of
               place
               ,
               or
               the
               separating
               of
               things
               knit
               and
               united
               .
               And
               these
               accidents
               have
               divers
               names
               ,
               as
               Imposthumes
               ,
               Ulcers
               or
               wounds
               when
               they
               are
               in
               fleshy
               parts
               ;
               Excretions
               or
               Fractures
               on
               and
               in
               the
               bones
               ;
               Ruptures
               in
               the
               veins
               ;
               convulsions
               in
               the
               sinews
               ,
               and
               Excoriations
               upon
               the
               skin
               .
            
             
               The
               first
               is
               known
               by
               outward
               swellings
               ,
               rotten
               or
               bloody
               sores
               ;
               the
               next
               by
               utter
               disability
               in
               the
               member
               ,
               or
               else
               plain
               halting
               .
               The
               next
               by
               Wens
               and
               Knots
               both
               soft
               and
               hard
               ;
               the
               next
               by
               gordgings
               and
               haltings
               ,
               and
               the
               last
               by
               scurf
               and
               leprosie
               :
            
             
               Now
               forasmuch
               as
               the
               greatest
               part
               of
               
               Sotrances
               ,
               and
               especially
               those
               which
               are
               most
               hid
               and
               obscure
               ,
               are
               found
               our
               by
               halting
               ,
               I
               will
               shew
               you
               the
               severall
               manner
               of
               haltings
               ,
               and
               what
               they
               signifie
               .
            
             
               If
               the
               horse
               halt
               before
               ,
               and
               lift
               not
               up
               his
               leg
               ,
               but
               in
               a
               manner
               traileth
               it
               after
               the
               other
               ,
               it
               sheweth
               a
               new
               hurt
               on
               the
               top
               of
               the
               shoulder
               .
            
             
               If
               he
               cast
               his
               leg
               outward
               ,
               or
               go
               Bakerlike
               ,
               and
               not
               bend
               the
               knee
               ,
               it
               is
               either
               an
               old
               hurt
               on
               the
               top
               of
               the
               shoulder
               ,
               or
               if
               new
               ,
               then
               it
               is
               a
               shoulder-plat
               ,
               or
               rending
               betwixt
               the
               shoulder
               and
               the
               body
               :
               if
               in
               turning
               short
               he
               favour
               his
               foot
               ,
               if
               griping
               his
               withers
               he
               complain
               ,
               if
               he
               halt
               more
               when
               he
               is
               ridden
               then
               led
               ,
               the
               offence
               is
               on
               the
               top
               of
               the
               shoulder
               :
               If
               standing
               in
               the
               stable
               ,
               thrust
               forth
               his
               foot
               and
               favour
               it
               :
               then
               search
               his
               foot
               ,
               and
               if
               in
               that
               be
               found
               no
               prick
               ,
               no
               dry
               founder
               ,
               no
               surbat
               ,
               then
               it
               is
               in
               the
               mid
               part
               of
               the
               shoulder
               ,
               or
               the
               coffin
               joynt
               .
            
             
               If
               halting
               he
               bow
               down
               his
               head
               to
               the
               ground
               ,
               and
               step
               short
               and
               thick
               ,
               then
               it
               is
               in
               the
               forepart
               of
               the
               shoulder
               ,
               at
               the
               breast
               .
               If
               in
               handling
               his
               elbow
               hard
               ,
               he
               twitch
               up
               his
               foot
               suddenly
               from
               the
               ground
               ,
               the
               offence
               is
               there
               .
            
             
               If
               on
               his
               shank
               bones
               (
               in
               their
               severall
               places
               be
               splents
               ,
               excressions
               ,
               windgalls
               or
               
               Maleanders
               ,
               and
               they
               sore
               ,
               they
               will
               occasion
               halting
               ,
               as
               any
               other
               outward
               Sorrance
               upon
               any
               other
               member
               .
            
             
               Heat
               on
               the
               Crownet
               shews
               pain
               in
               the
               Coffin
               joynt
               .
            
             
               In
               halting
               before
               ,
               to
               trip
               on
               the
               Toe
               ,
               shews
               pain
               in
               the
               heel
               ;
               to
               favour
               the
               Toe
               ,
               shews
               payn
               in
               the
               Toe
               ;
               to
               halt
               more
               on
               uneven
               ground
               then
               one
               the
               even
               ,
               shews
               pain
               in
               the
               feet
               ,
               and
               in
               going
               from
               you
               and
               comming
               to
               you
               ,
               may
               be
               discerned
               ,
               whether
               the
               outward
               or
               inward
               quarter
               :
               but
               to
               clear
               all
               doubts
               ,
               the
               Pincers
               will
               shew
               any
               pain
               in
               the
               foot
               whatsoever
               .
            
             
               If
               your
               horse
               halt
               behind
               ,
               and
               in
               halting
               go
               sidelong
               ,
               and
               not
               in
               an
               even
               line
               ,
               the
               grief
               is
               in
               the
               hip
               ,
               and
               yet
               but
               new
               ,
               or
               in
               the
               Fillets
               ,
               and
               may
               be
               new
               or
               old
               .
               If
               it
               be
               old
               in
               the
               hip
               ,
               the
               hip
               will
               fall
               ,
               and
               then
               no
               cure
            
             
               If
               in
               halting
               he
               tread
               onely
               on
               his
               hinder
               Toe
               ,
               and
               no
               offence
               in
               the
               foot
               ▪
               then
               the
               pain
               is
               in
               the
               stiffell
               .
               If
               in
               halting
               he
               bend
               not
               his
               hough
               or
               ham
               ,
               and
               no
               outward
               Sorrance
               ,
               yet
               the
               pain
               is
               there
               .
            
             
               If
               he
               halt
               through
               any
               offence
               in
               his
               leg
               from
               the
               ham
               to
               the
               pastern
               ,
               outward
               Sorrance
               or
               swelling
               will
               shew
               it
               ;
               and
               so
               likewise
               for
               the
               other
               parts
               below
               it
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               soar
               Eyes
               ,
               dim
               Eyes
               ,
               and
               Moon
               eyes
            
             
               Take
               
                 Lapis
                 Calaminaris
              
               halfe
               an
               ounce
               ,
               and
               heat
               it
               red
               hot
               ,
               and
               quenchin
               it
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pint
               of
               Plantane
               water
               ,
               or
               white
               wine
               :
               do
               this
               eight
               or
               nine
               times
               ,
               then
               beat
               it
               to
               powder
               and
               put
               it
               to
               the
               water
               ;
               then
               add
               half
               a
               dram
               of
               Aloes
               ,
               and
               a
               scruple
               of
               Camphire
               in
               powder
               ,
               and
               let
               them
               dissolve
               ;
               drop
               this
               into
               the
               eye
               .
            
          
           
             
               Another
               for
               eyes
               of
               like
               nature
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               pint
               of
               snow
               water
               ,
               and
               dissolve
               into
               it
               three
               or
               four
               drams
               of
               white
               Vitrioll
               ,
               and
               with
               it
               wash
               the
               horses
               eyes
               three
               or
               four
               times
               a
               day
               ,
               and
               it
               helpeth
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               white
               Film
               or
               Skin
               over
               the
               Eye
               .
            
             
               Take
               the
               root
               of
               the
               black
               Sallow
               ,
               and
               burn
               it
               to
               ashes
               :
               then
               put
               to
               it
               a
               like
               quantity
               of
               Sugar
               and
               grated
               Ginger
               finely
               searc'd
               ,
               blow
               this
               into
               the
               eye
               morning
               and
               evening
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               any
               sorenses
               in
               the
               eyes
               ,
               as
               Pearl
               ,
               Pin
               or
               Web
               ,
               or
               Bruise
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               new
               laid
               egge
               ,
               and
               rost
               it
               very
               hard
               ,
               then
               cleave
               it
               in
               sunder
               longwise
               ,
               and
               take
               out
               the
               yelk
               ,
               then
               fill
               the
               empty
               holes
               with
               white
               vitriole
               finely
               beaten
               ,
               and
               close
               the
               egge
               again
               ;
               then
               rost
               it
               the
               second
               time
               ,
               till
               the
               vitriole
               be
               molten
               .
               Lastly
               ,
               beat
               the
               egge
               shell
               and
               all
               in
               a
               mortar
               ,
               and
               strain
               it
               ,
               and
               with
               that
               moisture
               dress
               the
               eye
               .
            
             
               If
               in
               stead
               of
               the
               vitriole
               you
               fill
               the
               holes
               with
               Myrrh
               finely
               searc'd
               ,
               and
               hang
               the
               egge
               up
               that
               it
               may
               drop
               ,
               and
               with
               that
               moisture
               dress
               the
               eye
               :
               it
               is
               every
               way
               as
               good
               ,
               onely
               it
               is
               a
               little
               stronger
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               foul
               eyes
               ,
               sore
               eyes
               or
               sight
               almost
               lost
               .
            
             
               There
               be
               some
               that
               for
               this
               great
               offence
               in
               the
               eye
               put
               in
               two
               fine
               small
               rowels
               long-wise
               in
               the
               temples
               of
               the
               head
               ,
               just
               behind
               the
               eyes
               :
               But
               for
               mine
               own
               part
               ,
               I
               not
               much
               fancy
               it
               ,
               because
               I
               fear
               it
               breeds
               more
               evil
               humor
               then
               it
               brings
               away
               ,
               besides
               soreness
               and
               disgrace
               ;
               therefore
               in
               this
               cure
               my
               practise
               is
               thus
               —
            
             
               Take
               
                 Tacchamahaca
                 ,
              
               Mastick
               ,
               Rosin
               and
               
               Pitch
               ,
               of
               each
               like
               quantity
               ,
               and
               being
               molten
               with
               flax
               of
               the
               colour
               of
               the
               horse
               ,
               lay
               it
               as
               a
               defensive
               on
               each
               side
               his
               temples
               ,
               as
               big
               as
               a
               twenty
               shillings
               piece
               :
               then
               underneath
               his
               eyes
               upon
               the
               cheek
               bone
               (
               with
               a
               round
               Iron
               ▪
               )
               burn
               three
               or
               four
               holes
               ,
               and
               anoint
               them
               with
               sweet
               butter
               ;
               then
               take
               a
               handfull
               of
               Seladine
               ,
               and
               wash
               it
               clean
               in
               white
               wine
               ,
               but
               let
               it
               touch
               no
               water
               ,
               then
               bruise
               it
               ,
               and
               strain
               it
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               quantity
               of
               juyce
               ,
               put
               the
               third
               part
               of
               womans
               milk
               ,
               and
               a
               pretty
               quantity
               of
               white
               Sugarcandy
               ,
               searc'd
               thorow
               a
               piece
               of
               Lawn
               ,
               and
               with
               a
               feather
               ,
               quill
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               ,
               drop
               it
               into
               the
               sore
               ey
               morning
               and
               evening
               .
            
             
               Thus
               do
               for
               the
               worst
               of
               sore
               eys
               :
               but
               if
               the
               offence
               be
               not
               extream
               ,
               then
               you
               may
               forbear
               both
               the
               defensitive
               ,
               the
               burning
               and
               the
               rowels
               ,
               and
               onely
               use
               the
               medicine
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Master
               Medicine
               for
               a
               back
               sinew-strain
               ,
               or
               any
               strain
               ,
               shrinking
               ,
               or
               numbness
               of
               sinews
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               fat
               sucking
               Mastive
               whelp
               ,
               fley
               it
               and
               howell
               it
               ,
               then
               stop
               the
               body
               as
               full
               as
               it
               can
               hold
               with
               gray
               snails
               and
               black
               snails
               ,
               then
               rost
               it
               at
               a
               reasonable
               fire
               ;
               when
               it
               begins
               to
               warm
               ,
               bast
               it
               with
               six
               ounces
               of
               the
               
               oyl
               of
               Spike
               made
               yellow
               with
               Saffron
               ,
               and
               six
               ounces
               of
               the
               oyle
               of
               Wax
               :
               then
               save
               the
               droppings
               ,
               and
               what
               moysture
               soever
               falls
               from
               it
               whilst
               any
               drop
               will
               fall
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               in
               a
               Gallipot
               .
            
             
               With
               this
               anoint
               the
               strain
               ,
               and
               work
               it
               invery
               hot
               ,
               holding
               a
               bar
               of
               Iron
               before
               it
               ;
               and
               thus
               do
               both
               morning
               and
               evening
               till
               a
               mendment
               :
            
          
           
             
               Another
               in
               nature
               of
               a
               charge
               ,
               for
               a
               back
               sinnew-strain
               .
            
             
               Take
               five
               quarts
               of
               Ale
               ,
               and
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               peck
               of
               Glovers
               specks
               and
               boyl
               them
               till
               it
               come
               to
               a
               quart
               :
               then
               apply
               it
               hot
               to
               the
               grief
               and
               remove
               it
               not
               for
               five
               or
               six
               days
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               strain
               in
               any
               yart
               ,
               new
               or
               old
               .
            
             
               Take
               of
               sheeps
               suet
               a
               pound
               ,
               of
               sheeps
               dung
               two
               handfull
               ,
               chopt
               hay
               an
               handfull
               ,
               Wheat
               bran
               a
               pint
               ,
               sweet
               Sope
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               ;
               boyl
               all
               these
               in
               a
               quart
               of
               strong
               Beer
               ,
               and
               a
               quart
               of
               the
               grounds
               of
               strong
               Ale
               ,
               till
               it
               come
               to
               a
               thick
               pultiss
               ,
               then
               take
               it
               from
               the
               fire
               and
               col
               it
               with
               halfe
               a
               pint
               of
               wine
               vinegar
               ,
               and
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pint
               of
               Aquavitae
               ,
               then
               apply
               this
               very
               hot
               to
               the
               grief
               ,
               and
               give
               him
               moderate
               exercise
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               a
               strain
               or
               sinew-bruise
               .
            
             
               Take
               Comin-seeds
               and
               bruise
               it
               gross
               ,
               then
               boyl
               it
               with
               the
               oyle
               of
               Camomile
               ,
               and
               put
               to
               it
               so
               much
               yellow
               Wax'as
               will
               bring
               it
               to
               Cerrot
               ,
               and
               spread
               it
               on
               either
               Cloth
               or
               Leather
               ,
               and
               hot
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               grief
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               old
               strains
               ,
               or
               cold
               cramps
               .
            
             
               Take
               Aquavitae
               ,
               Oyl
               de
               Bay
               ,
               Oyl
               of
               Swallow●
               ,
               Bolearmonie
               ,
               Boars
               grease
               ,
               black
               Sope
               ,
               of
               each
               half
               a
               pound
               ,
               boyl
               them
               till
               the
               Aquavitae
               be
               incorporate
               ;
               then
               take
               of
               Camomile
               ,
               Rue
               ,
               red
               Sage
               ,
               and
               Misseldine
               ,
               of
               each
               an
               handful
               ,
               dry
               them
               and
               bring
               them
               to
               powder
               ,
               then
               mix
               it
               with
               the
               oyntment
               ,
               and
               bring
               all
               to
               a
               gentle
               salve
               :
            
             
               With
               this
               anoynt
               the
               grief
               ,
               and
               hold
               an
               hot
               barre
               of
               Iron
               before
               it
               ,
               chafing
               it
               in
               well
               ;
               and
               thus
               do
               once
               a
               day
               ,
               and
               in
               nine
               days
               the
               cure
               hath
               been
               effected
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               A
               sudden
               cure
               for
               a
               knock
               or
               brnise
               on
               the
               sinews
               :
            
             
               Take
               a
               live
               cat
               ,
               wild
               or
               tame
               ,
               and
               cut
               off
               her
               head
               and
               tail
               ,
               then
               cleave
               her
               down
               the
               chine
               ,
               and
               clap
               her
               hot
               b●wels
               and
               all
               to
               the
               bruise
               ,
               and
               remove
               it
               not
               for
               two
               days
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               strain
               newly
               done
               to
               help
               it
               in
               24
               hours
               .
            
             
               Take
               the
               grounds
               of
               Ale
               or
               Beer
               ,
               a
               quart
               ,
               as
               much
               parsley
               chopt
               gross
               ,
               as
               you
               can
               gripe
               ,
               boyl
               them
               till
               the
               herb
               be
               soft
               ,
               then
               put
               to
               it
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               sweet
               butter
               ,
               and
               when
               it
               is
               molten
               ,
               take
               it
               from
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               put
               into
               it
               a
               pint
               of
               Wine
               vinegar
               ,
               and
               if
               it
               be
               too
               thin
               ,
               thicken
               it
               with
               Wheat
               bran
               ,
               then
               lay
               it
               upon
               hurds
               ,
               and
               poultess-wise
               ,
               as
               hot
               as
               the
               horse
               can
               suffer
               it
               ,
               and
               remove
               it
               once
               in
               twelve
               hours
               ,
               and
               give
               the
               horse
               moderate
               exercise
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               Markhams
               own
               Balme
               which
               hath
               never
               failed
               him
               for
               any
               strain
               in
               the
               shoulder
               or
               other
               parts
               ,
               hid
               or
               apparent
               ,
               or
               for
               any
               wind-gall
               or
               ,
               swelling
               ,
            
             
               Take
               ten
               ounces
               of
               Peice-grease
               ,
               and
               melt
               it
               on
               the
               fire
               ,
               then
               take
               it
               off
               and
               put
               into
               it
               four
               ounces
               of
               the
               oyle
               of
               Spike
               ,
               one
               ounce
               of
               the
               oyle
               of
               Origanum
               ,
               an
               ounce
               and
               a
               halfe
               of
               the
               oyle
               of
               Exceter
               ,
               and
               three
               ounces
               of
               the
               oyle
               of
               St.
               
               Johns
               wort
               ;
               stirre
               them
               well
               together
               ,
               then
               put
               it
               up
               into
               a
               Gallipot
            
             
               With
               this
               Oyntment
               (
               or
               indeed
               pretious
               Balm
               )
               hot
               ,
               anoint
               the
               grieved
               part
               and
               rub
               and
               chafe
               it
               in
               very
               much
               ,
               holding
               an
               hot
               Bar
               of
               Iron
               before
               it
               :
               and
               thus
               anoint
               it
               once
               in
               two
               days
               ,
               but
               rub
               and
               chafe
               it
               in
               twice
               or
               rhrice
               a
               day
               ,
               and
               give
               the
               horse
               moderate
               exercise
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               Sinews
               that
               are
               extended
               ,
               overstrained
               ,
               and
               so
               weakned
               ,
               that
               the
               member
               is
               useless
               .
            
             
               Take
               of
               Cantharides
               ,
               Euforbium
               and
               Mercury
               ,
               of
               each
               like
               quantity
               ,
               and
               of
               oyle
               de
               Bay
               double
               as
               much
               as
               of
               all
               the
               rest
               ;
               bring
               
               the
               hard
               Simples
               to
               powder
               ,
               and
               beat
               all
               to
               a
               salve
               ,
               apply
               this
               to
               the
               griefe
               (
               being
               desperate
               )
               and
               though
               it
               make
               a
               sore
               ,
               it
               will
               give
               strength
               and
               straightness
               to
               the
               sinews
               .
               For
               the
               sore
               you
               may
               cure
               it
               either
               with
               Populeon
               ,
               fresh
               Butter
               ,
               or
               Deers
               grease
               warm
               .
            
          
           
             
               Another
               of
               the
               same
               nature
               but
               ,
               more
               gentle
               .
            
             
               Take
               Turpentine
               two
               ounces
               ,
               Verdigrease
               three
               ounces
               ,
               Hoggs
               grease
               six
               ounces
               ,
               boyl
               them
               till
               the
               Verdigrease
               be
               desolved
               ,
               then
               take
               Rosin
               ,
               Bees
               wax
               ,
               of
               each
               two
               ounces
               ,
               mix
               all
               together
               ,
               then
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               place
               grieved
               ,
               hot
               .
            
          
           
             
               A
               charge
               for
               a
               new
               strain
               or
               grief
               ,
               proceeding
               from
               heat
               .
            
             
               Take
               the
               whites
               of
               six
               Eggs
               ,
               and
               beat
               them
               with
               a
               pint
               of
               vinegar
               ,
               the
               oyle
               of
               Roses
               and
               Myrtles
               ,
               of
               each
               an
               ounce
               ,
               Bolearmony
               four
               ounces
               ,
               as
               much
               Sanguis
               Dracones
               ,
               and
               with
               as
               much
               Bean
               flower
               or
               Wheat
               flower
               ,
               but
               Bean
               is
               the
               best
               ,
               as
               will
               thicken
               it
               ,
               bring
               it
               to
               a
               salve
               ,
               and
               spreading
               it
               one
               hurds
               ,
               lap
               it
               about
               the
               grieved
               part
               ,
               and
               renew
               it
               not
               till
               it
               be
               dry
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               Aches
               ,
               Cramps
               ,
               and
               hid
               paines
               .
            
             
               Take
               Deers
               Suet
               ,
               or
               for
               want
               of
               it
               ,
               sweet
               Butter
               half
               a
               pound
               ,
               of
               Aquavitae
               a
               Gill
               ,
               of
               Saffron
               half
               a
               dram
               ,
               Pepper
               beaten
               and
               searc'd
               three
               drams
               ,
               Garlick
               bruised
               three
               heads
               ;
               mix
               all
               together
               ,
               and
               let
               them
               stew
               on
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               not
               boyl
               till
               it
               come
               to
               a
               salve
               .
            
             
               With
               this
               very
               warme
               chafe
               the
               grief
               ,
               then
               anoint
               a
               brown
               paper
               therewith
               ,
               and
               very
               hot
               apply
               to
               the
               place
               also
               ,
               and
               roll
               it
               up
               .
               Do
               this
               morning
               and
               evening
            
          
           
             
               For
               swelled
               or
               garded
               leggs
               ,
               whether
               by
               Grease
               or
               other
               accident
               .
            
             
               If
               your
               horses
               leggs
               be
               swelled
               ,
               onely
               because
               the
               grease
               is
               fallen
               into
               them
               &
               there
               is
               no
               other
               outward
               ulcer
               ,
               neither
               will
               the
               bathing
               with
               cold
               fountain
               water
               and
               other
               ordinary
               helps
               asswage
               them
               :
               then
               take
               a
               pottle
               of
               wine
               lees
               ,
               or
               else
               the
               grownds
               of
               strong
               Ale
               or
               Beer
               ,
               and
               boile
               it
               with
               a
               pound
               of
               hogs
               grease
               ;
               then
               with
               as
               much
               wheat
               bran
               as
               will
               thicken
               it
               ,
               make
               thereof
               a
               Pultiss
               :
               then
               having
               made
               the
               horse
               an
               hose
               of
               wollen
               cloath
               ,
               fill
               it
               with
               this
               pultiss
               as
               hot
               as
               the
               horse
               can
               suffer
               it
               ,
               then
               close
               up
               the
               hose
               
               and
               let
               it
               abide
               two
               days
               ;
               the
               third
               day
               open
               the
               hose
               at
               the
               top
               ,
               but
               stir
               not
               the
               pultiss
               ,
               onely
               take
               molten
               Hoggs
               grease
               very
               hot
               ,
               and
               put
               it
               to
               the
               pultiss
               whilst
               it
               will
               receive
               any
               ,
               for
               that
               wil
               renew
               the
               strength
               thereof
               :
               then
               close
               the
               hose
               ,
               and
               let
               him
               stand
               either
               two
               days
               or
               three
               .
               Then
               you
               may
               open
               the
               legg
               and
               rub
               it
               down
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               find
               strong
               occasion
               ,
               you
               may
               apply
               another
               ;
               if
               not
               ,
               the
               cure
               is
               wrought
               .
            
             
               Now
               ,
               if
               besides
               the
               swelling
               ,
               your
               horse
               have
               ulcers
               ,
               chaps
               and
               soars
               ,
               then
               apply
               the
               pultiss
               as
               before
               shewed
               :
               and
               after
               a
               weeks
               application
               take
               a
               quart
               of
               old
               urine
               ,
               and
               put
               to
               it
               half
               an
               handful
               of
               salt
               ,
               as
               much
               Allume
               ,
               and
               half
               an
               ounce
               of
               white
               Copperas
               ,
               boyl
               them
               together
               ,
               and
               with
               it
               wash
               the
               sore
               once
               or
               twice
               a
               day
               :
               Then
               after
               a
               little
               drying
               anoint
               them
               with
               the
               oyntment
               called
               
                 Aegiptiacum
                 ,
              
               and
               is
               made
               of
               vinegar
               eight
               ounces
               ,
               of
               hony
               twelv
               ounces
               ,
               of
               verdigreas
               two
               ounces
               ,
               of
               Allum
               an
               ounce
               and
               an
               halfe
               ,
               and
               boyled
               to
               the
               height
               ,
               till
               it
               come
               to
               a
               red
               salve
               ,
               and
               it
               will
               both
               kill
               the
               malignant
               humors
               ,
               and
               heal
               and
               dry
               up
               the
               soars
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               sweld
               leggs
               ,
               whether
               by
               grease
               ,
               goutiness
               ,
               wind
               ,
               or
               travell
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               bathe
               them
               well
               with
               the
               Pickle
               ,
               or
               Brine
               which
               comes
               from
               Olives
               being
               made
               hot
               :
               then
               take
               a
               pint
               of
               Train
               oyl
               ,
               as
               much
               nerve
               oyl
               ,
               and
               as
               much
               oyl
               de
               Bay
               ,
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               Allum
               ,
               half
               a
               pint
               of
               Sallet
               oyl
               ,
               half
               a
               pound
               of
               Hogs
               grease
               ;
               put
               all
               these
               to
               a
               pottle
               of
               old
               urine
               ,
               and
               with
               an
               handfull
               or
               two
               of
               Mallows
               ,
               Oatmeal
               bruised
               ,
               and
               Bran
               ,
               boyl
               them
               to
               a
               pultiss
               ,
               and
               very
               hot
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               grief
               :
               Do
               thus
               once
               in
               two
               days
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               gardings
               in
               joynts
               .
            
             
               Make
               a
               very
               strong
               Brine
               of
               Water
               and
               Salt
               ,
               and
               to
               a
               pottie
               thereof
               put
               two
               or
               three
               handfull
               of
               Rew
               ,
               and
               boyl
               it
               till
               the
               herb
               be
               soft
               :
               then
               with
               this
               water
               very
               hot
               bathe
               the
               grieved
               part
               .
            
             
               Then
               take
               a
               flat
               bagg
               ,
               fild
               with
               Salt
               ,
               and
               heated
               hot
               at
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               lap
               it
               about
               the
               grief
               also
               .
               And
               thus
               do
               once
               or
               twice
               a
               day
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               Scratches
               at
               the
               first
               appearance
               .
            
             
               Take
               Hogs
               grease
               and
               black
               sope
               of
               each
               eight
               ounces
               ,
               Brimstone
               ,
               Lime
               ,
               Gunpowder
               ,
               each
               three
               ounces
               ,
               and
               soot
               as
               much
               as
               will
               suffice
               to
               bring
               the
               rest
               to
               a
               salve
               ;
               boyl
               the
               Hogs
               grease
               and
               ●●pe
               together
               ;
               and
               bring
               the
               other
               to
               a
               fine
               powder
               ,
               and
               mix
               all
               together
               and
               make
               a
               black
               oyntment
               :
               with
               this
               anoint
               the
               soars
               once
               a
               day
               ,
               after
               they
               are
               cleansed
               and
               made
               raw
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               Scratches
               of
               long
               continuance
               .
            
             
               Take
               hony
               ,
               Verdigrease
               ,
               Brimstone
               bruised
               small
               ,
               green
               Copperas
               ,
               and
               Bay
               salt
               ,
               of
               each
               like
               quantity
               ,
               boyl
               these
               with
               a
               double
               quantity
               of
               Hogs
               grease
               ,
               and
               put
               to
               it
               a
               big
               root
               of
               Elicampan
               bruised
               in
               red
               wine
               vinegar
               ,
               apply
               this
               to
               the
               sores
               very
               hot
               ,
               after
               you
               have
               cut
               a
               way
               the
               hair
               ,
               and
               made
               the
               sores
               raw
               ,
               as
               also
               suppled
               them
               by
               bathing
               them
               with
               new
               milk
               from
               the
               Cow
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               Scratches
               held
               incurable
               .
            
             
               First
               let
               him
               blood
               in
               the
               shackle
               veins
               ,
               the
               spur
               veins
               ,
               and
               the
               ●ore
               toe
               veins
               ,
               onely
               letting
               it
               be
               three
               days
               between
               the
               bleeding
               of
               
               the
               one
               Toe
               and
               the
               other
               :
               then
               with
               an
               hair-cloth
               rub
               the
               sores
               til
               they
               be
               raw
               and
               bleed
               ;
               then
               take
               a
               quart
               of
               old
               urine
               ,
               and
               a
               quart
               of
               strong
               brine
               ,
               and
               put
               to
               them
               halfe
               a
               pound
               of
               Allum
               ,
               and
               boyl
               it
               to
               a
               quart
               .
            
             
               With
               this
               hot
               ,
               wash
               the
               sores
               wel
               ,
               then
               take
               the
               sperm
               of
               Froggs
               (
               in
               March
               )
               and
               put
               it
               into
               an
               earthen
               pot
               ,
               and
               in
               a
               week
               it
               will
               look
               like
               oyl
               :
               then
               take
               both
               the
               oyl
               and
               the
               round
               things
               which
               you
               shal
               see
               in
               the
               sperm
               and
               spreading
               it
               on
               a
               cloath
               ,
               bind
               it
               to
               the
               soars
               ,
               and
               do
               this
               divers
               times
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               any
               Splent
               ,
               Spaven
               ,
               Curb
               ,
               Ringbone
               or
               Excression
               .
            
             
               First
               clip
               away
               the
               hair
               as
               far
               as
               the
               excression
               goeth
               ,
               and
               a
               little
               more
               ,
               then
               take
               a
               piece
               of
               Allumd
               Leather
               made
               as
               big
               as
               the
               place
               you
               have
               bared
               ,
               and
               fitted
               to
               the
               ●ame
               proportion
               :
               then
               take
               a
               little
               Shooe-makers
               Wax
               ,
               and
               spread
               it
               round
               about
               the
               very
               edge
               or
               verge
               of
               the
               same
               ,
               leaving
               all
               the
               inward
               part
               empty
               and
               not
               touched
               with
               the
               Wax
               :
               Then
               take
               the
               herb
               Speargrass
               ,
               or
               Spearwort
               ,
               which
               hath
               the
               vertue
               to
               raise
               blisters
               ,
               and
               bruising
               it
               ,
               lay
               some
               thereof
               upon
               the
               Leather
               in
               the
               empty
               place
               ,
               and
               bind
               it
               fast
               thereon
               ,
               suffering
               it
               so
               to
               lye
               〈◊〉
               if
               it
               be
               in
               the
               Spring
               )
               or
               Summer
               time
               ,
               
               when
               the
               herb
               hath
               its
               full
               strength
               )
               near
               half
               a
               day
               ;
               but
               if
               it
               be
               in
               winter
               ,
               then
               it
               is
               not
               a
               miss
               (
               to
               renew
               the
               strength
               of
               the
               herb
               )
               if
               you
               add
               to
               it
               a
               drop
               or
               two
               of
               the
               oyl
               of
               Origanum
               ,
               and
               let
               it
               lie
               half
               a
               day
               fully
               ,
               and
               be
               sure
               to
               tie
               up
               the
               horses
               head
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               biting
               it
               away
               .
            
             
               When
               you
               take
               away
               the
               herb
               ,
               rub
               the
               place
               well
               and
               anoynt
               it
               with
               Train-oyl
               warm
               ,
               or
               else
               lay
               on
               a
               Diminium
               plaister
               .
            
          
           
             
               Another
               for
               a
               foul
               Splint
               .
            
             
               Take
               Nerve
               oyl
               one
               ounce
               ,
               Cantharides
               the
               weight
               of
               sixpence
               ,
               and
               as
               much
               of
               the
               oyle
               of
               Vipers
               ,
               boyl
               them
               lightly
               ;
               then
               with
               this
               anoint
               the
               Splint
               cross
               the
               hair
               ,
               and
               heat
               it
               in
               with
               a
               hot
               Iron
               ,
               then
               tie
               up
               the
               horses
               head
               to
               the
               Rack
               for
               24
               hours
               :
               then
               squeeze
               out
               the
               corruption
               ,
               and
               do
               this
               twice
               o●
               thrice
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               Splint
               ,
               and
               to
               dry
               up
               windgalls
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               heat
               the
               Sorrance
               with
               an
               hot
               pressing
               Iron
               ,
               then
               vent
               it
               in
               severall
               places
               with
               your
               Fleam
               ;
               then
               take
               a
               spoonfull
               of
               salt
               ,
               half
               a
               spoonfull
               of
               nerve
               oyl
               ,
               a
               peny
               weight
               of
               verdigrease
               ,
               and
               the
               white
               of
               an
               egg
               :
               beat
               all
               to
               a
               salve
               :
               and
               dipping
               flax
               hurds
               therein
               :
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               grief
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               Pains
               ,
               M●les
               and
               Rats-tails
               .
            
             
               First
               take
               away
               all
               the
               scabs
               and
               make
               the
               sore
               raw
               ,
               then
               with
               strong
               mustard
               made
               with
               wine
               vinegar
               ,
               anoint
               them
               all
               over
               ,
               and
               do
               this
               every
               night
               .
               The
               next
               morning
               take
               half
               a
               pound
               of
               green
               Copperas
               ,
               and
               boyl
               it
               in
               a
               pottle
               of
               running
               water
               with
               an
               handfull
               of
               sage
               ,
               and
               so
               much
               hyssop
               ,
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               Allume
               ,
               and
               as
               much
               strong
               mustard
               ,
               and
               with
               this
               bath
               the
               sore
               twice
               or
               thrice
               a
               day
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               Malander
               or
               Selander
               .
            
             
               Take
               the
               oyl
               of
               bay
               an
               ounce
               ,
               half
               so
               much
               sugar
               ,
               and
               a
               good
               quantity
               of
               the
               oyl
               o●
               froth
               which
               cometh
               from
               green
               broom
               stalks
               being
               laid
               in
               the
               fire
               ,
               mix
               it
               wel
               ,
               and
               with
               this
               anoynt
               the
               soars
               ,
               and
               it
               kills
               and
               dryes
               them
               up
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               the
               Swift-cut
               and
               to
               heal
               all
               wounds
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               pint
               of
               white
               Wine
               and
               put
               to
               it
               two
               or
               three
               spoonfulls
               of
               honey
               ,
               and
               stirr
               them
               and
               boyl
               them
               to
               a
               salve
               ,
               then
               take
               it
               from
               the
               fire
               ,
               and
               put
               to
               it
               halfe
               so
               much
               Turpentine
               as
               there
               was
               honey
               ,
               and
               stirre
               all
               together
               .
            
             
             
               With
               this
               salve
               somwhat
               hot
               ,
               anoint
               the
               soars
               twice
               or
               thrice
               a
               day
               ,
               and
               it
               is
               a
               most
               speedy
               healer
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               any
               Maunge
               or
               Scab
               in
               a
               clean
               fed
               Horse
            
             
               First
               let
               blood
               ,
               then
               take
               a
               quart
               of
               old
               Urine
               or
               Vinegar
               ,
               and
               break
               into
               it
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               good
               Tobacco
               ,
               then
               set
               it
               on
               a
               fire
               of
               embers
               and
               not
               boyl
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               it
               stew
               all
               night
               :
               with
               this
               water
               wash
               the
               infected
               places
               ,
               whether
               it
               be
               in
               the
               Mane
               or
               otherwise
               ,
               and
               it
               helpeth
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               any
               Maungie
               or
               universall
               Leprosie
               in
               a
               foul
               surfeited
               Horse
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               let
               blood
               in
               the
               neck-vein
               ,
               and
               take
               ,
               a
               way
               good
               store
               ,
               then
               curry
               off
               all
               the
               scurf
               ,
               and
               take
               verdjuce
               and
               vinegar
               a
               pint
               ,
               cow-piss
               a
               pint
               ,
               train
               oyle
               a
               pint
               ,
               old
               urine
               a
               pint
               ,
               &
               put
               to
               them
               an
               handful
               of
               wild
               Tansie
               ,
               an
               handful
               of
               Bay
               salt
               ,
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               brimstone
               ,
               as
               much
               Alome
               ,
               two
               ounces
               of
               verdigrease
               and
               four
               ounces
               of
               Bolarmonie
               ,
               boyl
               all
               well
               together
               .
            
             
               With
               this
               (
               very
               hot
               )
               wash
               the
               horse
               well
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               put
               to
               it
               the
               quantity
               of
               a
               pint
               of
               blood
               you
               take
               away
               ,
               it
               is
               not
               amiss
               :
               do
               this
               twice
               or
               thrice
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               a
               Canker
               ,
               foul
               Ulcer
               ,
               Leprosie
               ,
               and
               to
               make
               hair
               grow
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               quart
               of
               Tar
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               fire
               put
               to
               it
               half
               a
               pound
               of
               Bores
               grease
               ,
               an
               ounce
               of
               Copperat
               ,
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               Saltpeter
               ,
               two
               ounces
               of
               wax
               ,
               a
               quart
               of
               honey
               ,
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               of
               Rozme
               ,
               two
               ounces
               of
               verdigrease
               ,
               a
               quart
               of
               Lynseed
               oyl
               ,
               and
               seeth
               them
               till
               half
               be
               consumed
               ;
               then
               strain
               it
               ,
               &
               keep
               it
               in
               a
               close
               pot
               .
               Then
               ,
               when
               you
               will
               use
               it
               ,
               take
               of
               it
               warm
               ,
               and
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               soar
               ,
               it
               doth
               both
               heal
               ,
               draw
               ,
               and
               make
               hair
               grow
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               Fistula
               ,
               or
               Pol-evill
               .
            
             
               Take
               Euforbium
               with
               Mastick
               ,
               mix
               them
               together
               ,
               then
               seeth
               them
               well
               with
               French
               Sope
               ,
               and
               make
               a
               tent
               ,
               and
               put
               it
               into
               the
               Fistula
               ,
               and
               it
               will
               consume
               the
               evill
               moisture
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               foul
               Farcy
               .
            
             
               Take
               Tar
               and
               fresh
               Hogs
               grease
               ,
               of
               each
               half
               a
               pound
               ,
               Hemlock
               an
               handfull
               ,
               Arsesmart
               three
               handfull
               ,
               and
               as
               many
               Nettles
               ,
               boyl
               these
               in
               a
               pottle
               of
               old
               Urine
               ,
               and
               apply
               it
               very
               hot
               to
               the
               swelling
               ,
               but
               touch
               it
               not
               with
               your
               hand
               ,
               for
               it
               is
               too
               sharp
               .
            
             
               Lastly
               ,
               take
               a
               pint
               of
               white
               wine
               vinegar
               ,
               a
               quarter
               of
               an
               ounce
               of
               verdigrease
               ,
               and
               a
               little
               bundle
               of
               Hyssop
               ,
               beat
               them
               in
               a
               mortar
               ,
               
               and
               boyl
               it
               to
               an
               half
               pint
               :
               then
               with
               Balls
               of
               flax
               put
               it
               luke-warm
               into
               both
               his
               ears
               ,
               and
               stich
               the
               tips
               together
               ,
               then
               tye
               his
               head
               up
               to
               the
               Rack
               for
               two
               hours
               :
               Do
               thus
               twice
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               most
               desperate
               Farcy
               .
            
             
               Take
               the
               herb
               called
               Clay-clayes
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               weed
               growing
               by
               the
               water
               side
               ,
               having
               a
               great
               broad
               round
               leaf
               ,
               and
               is
               green
               on
               the
               upper
               side
               and
               white
               on
               the
               neather
               ;
               &
               Rew
               of
               each
               a
               like
               quantity
               ,
               beat
               them
               and
               strain
               them
               :
               then
               to
               a
               pint
               of
               that
               juice
               ,
               put
               of
               Housleek
               a
               handful
               ,
               half
               a
               pint
               of
               Aquavitae
               ,
               and
               two
               good
               spoonfull
               of
               pepper
               beaten
               and
               fearc'd
               .
            
             
               Of
               this
               liquor
               take
               a
               pint
               and
               give
               it
               the
               horse
               to
               drink
               ,
               then
               with
               round
               balls
               of
               flax
               dipt
               in
               the
               same
               ,
               stop
               up
               both
               his
               ears
               ,
               then
               with
               the
               strained
               bruisings
               of
               all
               the
               herbs
               ,
               rub
               the
               soars
               ,
               and
               stop
               the
               holes
               if
               there
               be
               any
               hollowness
               :
               do
               thus
               twice
               at
               the
               least
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               any
               Founder
               or
               Frettize
               wet
               or
               dry
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               pare
               thin
               ,
               open
               the
               heels
               wide
               ,
               and
               take
               good
               store
               of
               blood
               from
               the
               Toes
               or
               shackle
               veins
               (
               which
               some
               hold
               good
               )
               then
               rack
               on
               a
               shoo
               somwhat
               hollow
               ,
               broad
               at
               
               the
               heels
               ,
               and
               the
               inside
               of
               the
               web
               ,
               from
               the
               first
               nail
               to
               the
               heel
               turned
               inward
               ,
               towards
               the
               Frog
               ,
               yet
               not
               touch
               any
               part
               thereof
               ,
               or
               the
               hoof
               :
               so
               that
               the
               horse
               may
               tread
               on
               the
               out
               verge
               of
               the
               shooe
               ,
               and
               not
               on
               the
               inward
               ,
               then
               take
               Burgundy
               pitch
               ,
               and
               rolling
               it
               in
               a
               little
               fine
               Cotton-wooll
               or
               Bombast
               ,
               with
               an
               hot
               Iron
               melt
               it
               into
               the
               foot
               betwixt
               the
               shoo
               and
               the
               toe
               ,
               till
               the
               orifice
               where
               the
               blood
               was
               taken
               be
               filled
               up
               ;
               then
               take
               a
               pound
               of
               Hogs
               grease
               ,
               and
               melt
               it
               ,
               and
               mix
               it
               with
               Wheat
               bran
               ,
               till
               it
               be
               as
               thick
               as
               a
               pultiss
               :
               then
               boyling
               hot
               stop
               up
               the
               horses
               feet
               therewith
               ,
               then
               cover
               it
               with
               a
               piece
               of
               an
               old
               shoo
               ,
               and
               splent
               it
               up
               ,
               and
               so
               let
               him
               stand
               for
               three
               or
               four
               daies
               :
               then
               if
               occasion
               serve
               you
               may
               renew
               it
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               the
               cure
               is
               wrought
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               make
               Hooves
               to
               grow
               quickly
               ,
               and
               to
               be
               tough
               and
               strong
               .
            
             
               Take
               Allum
               ,
               the
               juice
               of
               Garlick
               ,
               of
               each
               seven
               ounces
               ,
               Rew
               three
               handfull
               ,
               old
               hogs
               grease
               two
               pound
               ,
               of
               Asses
               dung
               ,
               or
               for
               want
               of
               it
               ,
               Cow
               dung
               an
               handfull
               ,
               mix
               them
               and
               boyl
               them
               together
               .
            
             
               With
               this
               both
               stop
               the
               horses
               feet
               ,
               and
               anoint
               the
               crownets
               of
               the
               hooves
               ,
               the
               medicine
               being
               hot
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               brittle
               Hooves
               .
            
             
               Take
               Turpentine
               ,
               Sheeps
               sue
               ?
               ,
               unwrought
               Wax
               and
               Hogs
               grease
               of
               each
               half
               a
               pound
               ,
               Pitch
               ,
               Rozin
               ,
               half
               a
               pound
               ,
               Sallet
               oyl
               half
               a
               pint
               ,
               and
               of
               Dogs
               grease
               a
               pound
               ;
               boyl
               all
               together
               ,
               and
               keep
               it
               in
               a
               Gallipot
               :
               with
               this
               oyntment
               anoint
               the
               Hooves
               outwardly
               ,
               and
               if
               you
               please
               tie
               some
               of
               the
               ointment
               with
               a
               cloth
               to
               the
               crownets
               ,
               then
               stop
               them
               within
               with
               Cow
               dung
               ,
               and
               Dogs
               grease
               mixt
               together
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               Surbat
               or
               soarness
               in
               the
               Feet
               ,
               whether
               by
               travell
               ,
               too
               near
               paring
               ,
               or
               other
               accident
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               lump
               of
               course
               sugar
               ,
               and
               with
               an
               hot
               Iron
               melt
               it
               between
               the
               shooe
               and
               the
               Foot
               ,
               and
               when
               it
               is
               hardned
               ,
               take
               Nettles
               and
               bay
               salt
               ,
               and
               stamp
               them
               ,
               stop
               up
               the
               Frog
               of
               the
               foot
               also
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               Quitterbone
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               tent
               it
               a
               day
               or
               two
               with
               hogs
               grease
               and
               Verdigrease
               ground
               together
               :
               then
               take
               scalding
               hot
               Hogs
               grease
               and
               poure
               it
               into
               the
               hole
               ,
               and
               lay
               a
               plaster
               of
               pitch
               and
               Tar
               mixt
               over
               it
               for
               24
               hours
               ;
               then
               if
               the
               Bone
               rise
               not
               ,
               do
               the
               same
               again
               and
               it
               will
               rise
               .
            
          
           
           
             
               For
               Saddle-bruises
               ,
               hard
               swellings
               ,
               and
               Impostumations
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               ripen
               it
               with
               wet
               hay
               ,
               or
               rotten
               litter
               ;
               then
               when
               it
               is
               soft
               ,
               open
               it
               and
               let
               out
               the
               corruption
               ,
               then
               fill
               the
               hollowness
               with
               the
               powder
               of
               Rozin
               ,
               and
               lay
               a
               plaster
               of
               Shoomakers
               wax
               over
               it
               :
               and
               thus
               do
               once
               a
               day
               till
               it
               be
               whole
               .
               If
               it
               be
               slow
               in
               skinning
               or
               drying
               up
               ,
               throw
               on
               the
               powder
               of
               unslackt
               lime
               ,
               and
               Bolarmony
               mixt
               together
               .
               But
               if
               any
               proud
               flesh
               arise
               ,
               take
               it
               down
               either
               with
               burnt
               Allam
               or
               Verdigrease
               in
               powder
               .
            
          
           
             
               Another
               for
               a
               soar
               back
               .
            
             
               Take
               the
               juice
               of
               Seladine
               and
               life
               Hony
               ,
               of
               each
               two
               spoonfull
               ,
               beat
               them
               with
               the
               yelk
               of
               an
               egg
               ,
               and
               with
               as
               much
               Allum
               and
               wheat
               flower
               as
               will
               serve
               to
               bring
               it
               to
               a
               salve
               ,
               dress
               the
               soar
               with
               this
               once
               a
               day
               ;
               it
               draweth
               and
               healeth
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               a
               prick
               with
               a
               pitchfork
               on
               the
               Crownet
               or
               other
               part
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               pottle
               of
               Urine
               ,
               two
               handfull
               of
               Mallows
               ,
               and
               half
               a
               pound
               of
               Boars
               grease
               ,
               boyl
               them
               together
               ,
               and
               being
               reasonable
               hot
               ,
               bathe
               the
               leggs
               therewith
               ;
               then
               apply
               the
               Mallows
               to
               the
               wound
               :
               but
               if
               the
               swelling
               
               ascend
               upward
               and
               be
               great
               ,
               then
               rope
               the
               legg
               up
               ,
               and
               moist
               the
               ropes
               with
               his
               urine
               .
               This
               is
               good
               for
               any
               swelling
               ,
               whether
               of
               grease
               or
               otherwise
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               any
               chafing
               or
               galling
               .
            
             
               Make
               the
               sore
               dry
               ,
               and
               then
               rub
               it
               with
               a
               raw
               egg
               shell
               and
               all
               .
            
          
           
             
               A
               generall
               salve
               for
               any
               sore
               ,
               swelling
               ,
               prick
               ,
               cloying
               ,
               or
               tread
               .
            
             
               Take
               Turpentine
               ,
               black
               sope
               ,
               hogs
               grease
               ,
               green
               Treat
               and
               pitch
               like
               quaintity
               ,
               mix
               and
               boyl
               them
               together
               ,
               and
               apply
               it
               warm
               either
               plasterwise
               or
               tentwise
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               make
               hair
               grow
               in
               bald
               places
               .
            
             
               Take
               sope
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pound
               ,
               as
               much
               Bears
               grease
               ,
               and
               a
               quarter
               of
               a
               pint
               of
               Aquavitae
               :
               boyl
               these
               together
               and
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               bald
               places
               ;
               in
               a
               fortnight
               it
               will
               bring
               hair
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               stanch
               blood
               .
            
             
               Take
               wild
               Tansie
               ,
               and
               bruise
               it
               in
               your
               hand
               ,
               and
               apply
               it
               .
               Also
               primrose
               leaves
               used
               in
               the
               like
               manner
               have
               the
               same
               effect
               .
               Otherwise
               take
               a
               piece
               of
               an
               old
               Felt
               hat
               ,
               
               and
               burn
               it
               to
               powder
               ,
               and
               apply
               it
               to
               the
               wound
               ,
               or
               put
               it
               up
               ,
               or
               snuff
               it
               up
               into
               the
               nose
               if
               it
               bleed
               .
            
          
           
             
               For
               Enterfering
               .
            
             
               Take
               a
               sharp
               and
               knotted
               Cord
               ,
               and
               draw
               it
               from
               his
               dock
               ,
               betweene
               his
               leggs
               to
               the
               Girths
               ,
               and
               so
               ride
               him
               ,
               or
               else
               rub
               starch
               between
               his
               thighs
               .
               This
               I
               allow
               rather
               for
               an
               Horsecoursers
               Help
               ,
               them
               a
               present
               cure
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               tame
               an
               unruly
               Horse
               that
               he
               may
               be
               drencht
               or
               drest
               of
               anygrief
               .
            
             
               Put
               into
               one
               of
               his
               ears
               a
               little
               round
               sharp
               flint
               stone
               ,
               and
               gripe
               it
               hard
               therein
               ;
               if
               you
               do
               so
               to
               both
               ,
               he
               will
               be
               more
               quiet
               .
            
          
        
      
       
         FINIS
         .
      
    
    

