THE
HISTORY
OF
The
Late
Revolution
OF
THE
DOMINIONS
OF
THE
GREAT
MOGOL
.
THE
desire
of
seeing
the
World
having
made
me
Travel
into
Palestina
and
Egypt
,
would
not
let
me
stop
there
;
it
put
me
upon
a
resolution
to
see
the
Red
Sea
from
one
end
to
the
other
.
I
went
from
Grand
Cairo
,
after
I
had
staid
there
above
a
year
;
and
in
two
and
thirty
hours
,
going
the
Caravan
pace
,
I
arrived
at
Suez
,
where
I
embarked
in
a
Galley
,
which
in
seventeen
days
carry'd
me
,
always
in
sight
of
land
,
to
the
Port
of
Gidda
,
which
is
half
a
days
journey
from
Mecca
.
There
I
was
constrained
(
contrary
to
my
hopes
,
and
the
promise
which
the
Beig
of
the
Red
Sea
had
made
me
)
to
go
a
shore
on
that
pretended
Holy
Land
of
Mahomet
,
where
a
Christian
,
that
is
not
a
Slave
,
dares
not
set
his
foot
.
I
staid
there
four
and
thirty
days
;
and
then
I
embarked
in
a
small
Vessel
,
which
in
fifteen
days
carried
me
along
the
Coast
of
Arabia
the
Happy
to
Moka
,
near
the
Streight
of
Babel-mandel
.
I
resolved
to
pass
thence
to
the
Isle
of
Masowa
and
Arkiko
,
to
get
as
far
as
Gouder
,
the
Capital
Town
of
the
Country
of
Alebech
,
or
the
Kingdom
of
Aethiopia
;
but
I
received
certain
information
,
that
,
since
the
Portugueses
had
been
killed
there
by
the
intrigue
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
or
expelled
,
together
with
the
Jesuit
Patriarch
,
whom
they
had
brought
thither
from
Goa
,
the
Roman
Catholicks
were
not
safe
there
;
a
poor
Capuchin
having
lost
his
head
at
Suaken
,
for
having
attempted
to
enter
into
that
Kingdom
:
That
indeed
,
by
going
under
the
name
of
a
Greek
or
an
Armenian
I
did
not
run
so
great
hazard
,
and
that
even
the
King
himself
,
when
he
should
know
,
that
I
could
do
him
service
,
would
give
me
Land
to
Till
by
Slaves
,
which
I
might
buy
if
I
had
money
;
but
that
undoubtedly
they
would
forthwith
oblige
me
to
Marry
,
as
they
had
lately
done
a
certain
Frier
,
who
had
passed
there
under
the
name
of
a
Greek
Physitian
;
and
that
they
would
never
suffer
me
to
come
away
again
.
These
considerations
,
among
others
,
induced
me
to
change
my
resolution
.
I
went
aboard
of
an
Indian
Vessel
;
I
passed
those
Streights
,
and
in
two
and
twenty
days
I
arrived
at
Surratte
in
Indostan
,
the
Empire
of
the
Great
Mogol
,
in
the
Year
1655.
There
I
found
,
that
he
who
then
Reigned
there
,
was
call'd
Chah-Jehan
,
that
is
to
say
,
King
of
the
World
;
who
,
according
to
the
History
of
that
Countrey
,
was
Son
of
Jehan-Guyre
,
which
signifieth
Conquerour
of
the
World
,
Grandchild
of
Ekbar
,
which
is
Great
,
and
that
thus
ascending
by
Hohmayons
,
or
the
Fortunate
,
Father
of
Ekbar
,
and
his
other
Predecessors
,
he
was
the
Tenth
of
those
that
were
descended
from
that
Timur-Lengue
,
which
signifieth
the
Lame
Prince
,
commonly
and
corruptly
call'd
Tamerlan
,
so
renowned
for
his
Conquests
;
who
Married
his
near
Kinswoman
,
the
only
Daughter
of
the
Prince
of
the
Nations
of
Great
Tartary
,
call'd
Mogols
,
who
have
left
and
communicated
their
Name
to
the
strangers
,
that
now
Govern
Indostan
,
the
Countrey
of
the
Indians
;
though
those
that
are
employ'd
in
publick
Charges
and
Offices
,
and
even
those
that
are
listed
in
the
Militia
,
be
not
all
of
the
Race
of
the
Mogols
,
but
strangers
,
and
Nations
gather'd
out
of
all
Countries
,
most
of
them
Persians
,
some
Arabians
,
and
some
Turks
.
For
,
to
be
esteem'd
a
Mogol
,
't
is
enough
to
be
a
stranger
white
of
Face
,
and
a
Mahumetan
;
in
distinction
as
well
to
the
Indians
,
who
are
brown
,
and
Pagans
,
as
to
the
Christians
of
Europe
,
who
are
call'd
Franguis
.
I
found
also
at
my
arrival
,
that
this
King
of
the
World
,
Chah-Jehan
,
of
above
seventy
years
of
Age
,
had
four
Sons
and
two
Daughters
;
that
,
some
years
since
,
he
had
made
these
four
Sons
Vice-Kings
or
Governours
of
four
of
his
most
considerable
Provinces
or
Kingdoms
;
that
it
was
almost
a
year
that
he
was
fallen
into
a
great
sickness
,
whence
it
was
believed
he
would
never
recover
:
Which
had
occasioned
a
great
division
among
these
four
Brothers
(
all
laying
claim
to
the
Empire
)
and
had
kindled
among
them
a
War
which
lasted
about
five
years
,
and
which
I
design
here
to
describe
,
having
been
present
at
some
of
the
most
considerable
Actions
,
and
entertained
for
the
space
of
eight
years
at
that
Court
,
where
Fortune
and
the
small
stock
of
Money
(
left
me
after
divers
encounters
with
Robbers
,
and
the
expences
of
a
Voyage
of
six
and
forty
days
from
Suratte
to
Agra
and
Dehli
,
the
Capital
Towns
of
that
Empire
)
obliged
me
to
take
a
Salary
from
the
Grand
Mogol
in
the
quality
of
a
Physitian
,
and
a
little
while
after
from
Danech-mend-Kan
,
the
most
knowing
Man
of
Asia
,
who
had
been
Bakchis
or
Great
Master
of
the
Horse
,
and
was
one
of
the
most
powerful
and
the
most
considerable
Omrahs
or
Lords
of
that
Court.
The
Eldest
of
these
four
Sons
of
Chah-Jehan
was
call'd
Dara
,
that
is
Darius
.
The
Second
was
call'd
Sultan
Sujah
,
that
is
the
Valiant
Prince
.
The
Name
of
the
Third
was
Aurenge-Zebe
,
which
signifies
the
Ornament
of
the
Throne
.
That
of
the
Fourth
was
Morad-Bakche
,
as
if
you
should
say
,
Desire
accomplished
.
Of
the
two
Daughters
,
the
eldest
was
call'd
Begum-Saheb
,
that
is
the
Mistress
Princess
;
and
the
youngest
Rauchenara-Begum
,
which
is
as
much
as
Bright
Princess
,
or
the
Splendour
of
Princesses
.
'T
is
the
Custom
of
the
Countrey
,
to
give
such
Names
to
their
Princes
and
Princesses
.
Thus
the
Wife
of
Chah-Jehan
,
so
renown'd
for
her
Beauty
,
and
for
having
a
Tomb
,
which
much
more
deserved
to
be
reckon'd
among
the
Wonders
of
the
World
,
than
those
unshapen
Masses
,
and
those
heaps
of
stones
in
Egypt
,
was
called
Tage-Mehalle
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
Crown
of
the
Seraglio
;
and
the
Wife
of
Jehan-Guyre
,
who
hath
so
long
Govern'd
the
State
,
whilst
her
Husband
minded
nothing
but
Drinking
and
Divertisements
,
was
first
called
Nour-Mehalle
,
and
afterwards
,
Nour-Jehan-Begum
,
the
Light
of
the
Seraglio
,
the
Light
of
the
World.
The
reason
,
why
they
give
such
kind
of
Names
to
the
Great
Ones
,
and
not
Names
from
their
Land
or
Dominion
(
as
is
usual
in
Europe
)
is
,
because
all
the
Land
being
the
Kings
,
there
are
no
Marquisates
,
Earldoms
and
Dutchies
,
of
which
the
Grandees
might
bear
their
Names
;
all
consists
in
Pensions
either
of
Land
or
ready
Money
,
which
the
King
giveth
,
increaseth
,
retrencheth
,
and
takes
away
,
as
seems
good
unto
him
:
And
't
is
even
for
this
reason
,
that
the
Omrahs
have
also
no
other
but
such
Names
;
one
(
for
example
)
being
called
Raz-Audaze-Kan
,
i.
e.
a
Thunderer
;
another
,
Safe
Cheken-Kan
,
a
Breaker
of
Ranks
;
a
third
,
Bare-Audaze-Kan
,
a
Man
of
Lightening
;
others
,
Dianet-Kan
,
or
Danechmend-Kan
,
or
Fazel-Kan
,
i.
e.
the
Faithful
Lord
,
the
Intelligent
,
the
Perfect
,
and
the
like
.
Dara
,
the
Eldest
Son
,
wanted
not
good
Qualities
.
He
was
Gallant
in
Conversation
,
Witty
in
Reparties
,
exceeding
Civil
and
Liberal
,
but
entertained
too
good
an
opinion
of
his
person
,
esteeming
himself
alone
capable
of
all
,
and
thinking
it
scarce
possible
that
any
Body
was
able
to
give
him
counsel
;
insomuch
,
that
he
would
give
reproachful
Names
to
those
who
pretended
to
advise
him
in
any
thing
;
whereby
it
came
to
pass
,
that
even
those
,
who
were
most
affectionate
to
him
,
were
shie
to
discover
to
him
the
most
secret
Intrigues
of
his
Brothers
.
Besides
,
he
was
apt
to
be
transported
with
passion
,
to
menace
,
to
injure
,
to
affront
,
even
the
greatest
Omrahs
or
Lords
;
but
all
passed
over
like
a
flash
of
Light.
Though
he
was
a
Mahumetan
,
and
publickly
expressed
in
the
ordinary
Exercises
of
Religion
to
be
so
,
yet
,
in
private
,
he
was
Heathen
with
the
Heathen
,
and
Christian
with
the
Christians
.
He
had
constantly
about
him
of
those
Heathen
Doctors
,
to
whom
he
gave
very
considerable
Pensions
,
and
who
(
as
was
said
)
had
instilled
into
him
Opinions
contrary
to
the
Religion
of
the
Land
;
of
which
I
may
touch
something
hereafter
,
when
I
shall
come
to
speak
of
the
Religion
of
the
Indians
or
Gentiles
.
He
also
hearkened
of
late
very
willingly
to
the
Reverend
Father
Buzee
a
Jesuit
,
and
began
very
well
to
relish
what
he
suggested
.
Yet
there
are
some
who
say
,
that
at
the
bottom
he
was
void
of
all
Religion
,
and
that
whatever
he
pretended
in
it
,
was
only
for
curiosity
,
or
,
as
others
say
,
out
of
policy
,
to
make
himself
beloved
by
the
Christians
,
who
are
pretty
numerous
in
his
Artillery
;
but
above
all
,
to
gain
the
Affection
of
the
Rajas
or
Soveraign
Gentiles
,
that
were
Tributary
to
the
Empire
,
and
to
make
them
of
his
party
upon
occasion
.
Mean
time
,
this
hath
not
mueh
furthered
his
Affairs
,
on
the
contrary
,
it
will
appear
in
the
sequel
of
this
History
,
that
the
pretence
used
by
Aureng-Zebe
,
his
third
Brother
,
to
Cut
off
his
Head
,
was
,
that
he
was
turned
Kafer
,
that
is
to
say
,
an
Infidel
,
of
no
Religion
,
an
Idolater
.
Sultan
Sujah
,
the
second
Brother
,
was
much
of
the
humour
of
Dara
,
but
he
was
more
close
and
more
settled
,
and
had
better
Conduct
and
Dexterity
.
He
was
fit
to
manage
an
Intrigue
well
,
and
he
made
,
under
hand
,
friends
by
the
force
of
presents
,
which
he
heaped
upon
the
great
Omrahs
,
and
principally
upon
the
most
powerful
Rajas
,
as
Jessomseigne
,
and
some
others
;
but
he
did
somewhat
too
much
indulge
his
pleasures
,
in
entertaining
an
extraordinary
number
of
Women
,
among
whom
when
he
was
,
he
spent
whole
days
and
nights
in
drinking
,
singing
,
and
dancing
.
He
made
them
presents
of
very
rich
Apparel
;
and
he
encreased
or
lessened
their
pensions
according
as
the
fancy
took
him
:
By
which
kind
of
Life
his
Affairs
did
languish
,
and
the
affections
of
many
of
his
people
cooled
.
He
cast
himself
into
the
Religion
of
the
Persians
,
although
Chah-Jehan
,
his
Father
,
and
all
his
Brothers
,
were
of
the
Turkish
.
'T
is
known
that
Mahumetanism
is
divided
into
several
Sects
,
which
made
that
famous
Check-Sady
,
Author
of
the
Goulistan
,
say
in
Verse
,
which
is
to
this
effect
in
Prose
;
I
am
a
Dervich
Drinker
,
I
seem
to
be
without
Religion
,
and
I
am
known
of
sixty
two
Sects
.
But
of
all
those
Sects
there
are
two
principal
ones
,
whose
Partisans
are
mortal
Enemies
to
one
another
.
The
one
is
that
of
the
Turks
,
whom
the
Persians
call
Osmantous
,
that
is
,
Sectators
of
Osman
;
they
believing
that
't
is
he
that
was
the
true
and
lawful
Successor
of
Mahomet
,
the
Great
Caliph
or
Soveraign
Priest
,
to
whom
alone
it
did
appertain
to
interpret
the
Alcoran
,
and
to
decide
the
Controversies
to
be
met
with
in
the
Law.
The
other
is
that
of
the
Persians
,
whom
the
Turks
call
Chias
,
Rafezys
,
Aly-Merdans
,
that
is
,
Sectaries
,
Hereticks
,
Partisans
of
Aly
,
because
they
believe
,
contrary
to
the
belief
of
the
Turks
,
that
this
succession
and
pontifical
Authority
,
which
I
just
now
intimated
,
was
due
only
to
Aly
the
Son-in-law
of
Mahomet
.
It
was
by
reason
of
State
that
Sultan
Sujah
had
embraced
this
latter
Sect
,
considering
that
all
the
Persians
being
Chias
,
and
most
of
them
,
or
their
Children
,
having
the
greatest
power
at
the
Court
of
Mogol
,
and
holding
the
most
important
Places
of
the
Empire
,
he
had
most
reason
to
hope
,
that
,
when
occasion
served
,
they
would
all
take
his
part
.
Aureng-Zebe
,
the
third
Brother
,
had
not
that
Gallantry
,
nor
surprising
Presence
of
Dara
,
he
appeared
more
serious
and
melaneholy
,
and
was
indeed
much
more
judicious
,
understanding
the
World
very
well
,
and
knowing
whom
to
chuse
for
his
service
and
purpose
,
and
where
to
bestow
his
favour
and
bounty
most
for
his
interest
.
He
was
reserved
,
crafty
,
and
exceedingly
versed
in
dissembling
,
insomuch
that
for
a
long
while
he
made
profession
to
be
Fakire
,
that
is
,
Poor
,
Dervich
,
or
Devout
,
renouncing
the
World
,
and
faining
not
to
pretend
at
all
to
the
Crown
,
but
to
desire
to
pass
his
Life
in
Prayer
and
other
Devotions
.
In
the
mean
time
he
failed
not
to
make
a
party
at
Court
,
especially
when
he
was
made
Vice-King
of
Decan
;
but
he
did
it
with
so
much
dexterity
,
art
,
and
secrecy
,
that
it
could
hardly
be
perceived
.
He
also
had
the
skill
to
maintain
himself
in
the
Affection
of
Chah-Jehan
his
Father
,
who
although
he
much
loved
Dara
,
could
yet
not
forbear
to
shew
that
he
esteemed
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
judged
him
capable
to
Reign
;
which
caused
jealousie
enough
in
Dara
,
who
began
to
find
it
,
insomuch
that
he
could
not
hold
from
saying
sometimes
to
his
friends
in
private
;
Of
all
my
Brothers
I
apprehend
only
this
Nemazi
,
that
is
,
this
Bigot
,
this
great
Praying-man
.
Morad-Bakche
,
the
Youngest
of
all
,
was
the
least
dextrous
,
and
the
least
judicious
.
He
cared
for
nothing
but
mirth
and
pastime
,
to
drink
,
hunt
,
and
shoot
.
Yet
he
had
some
good
Qualities
;
for
he
was
very
civil
and
liberal
;
he
gloried
in
it
,
that
he
kept
nothing
secret
;
he
despised
Cabals
;
and
he
bragg'd
openly
,
that
he
trusted
only
in
his
Arm
and
Sword
:
In
short
,
he
was
very
Brave
,
and
if
this
Bravery
had
been
accompanied
with
some
Conduct
,
he
would
have
carried
the
Bell
from
all
his
Brothers
,
and
been
King
of
Indostan
;
as
will
appear
in
what
is
to
follow
.
Concerning
the
two
Daughters
,
the
Eldest
,
Begum-Saheb
,
was
very
Beautiful
,
and
a
great
Wit
,
passionately
beloved
of
her
Father
.
It
was
even
rumoured
,
that
he
loved
her
to
that
degree
as
is
hardly
to
be
imagined
,
and
that
he
alledged
for
his
excuse
,
that
,
according
to
the
determination
of
his
Mullahs
or
Doctors
of
his
Law
,
it
was
permitted
a
Man
to
eat
of
the
Fruit
of
the
Tree
he
had
planted
.
He
had
so
great
a
confidence
in
her
,
that
he
had
given
her
charge
to
watch
over
his
safety
,
and
to
have
an
Eye
to
all
what
came
to
his
Table
:
And
she
knew
perfectly
to
manage
his
humour
,
and
even
in
the
most
weighty
Affairs
to
bend
him
as
she
pleased
.
She
was
exceedingly
enriched
by
great
pensions
,
and
by
costly
presents
,
which
she
received
from
all
parts
,
for
such
Negotiations
as
she
employed
her self
in
about
her
Father
:
And
she
made
also
great
expences
,
being
of
a
very
liberal
and
generous
disposition
.
She
stuck
entirely
to
Dara
,
her
Eldest
Brother
,
espoused
cordially
his
part
,
and
declared
openly
for
him
;
which
contributed
not
a
little
to
make
the
Affairs
of
Dara
prosper
,
and
to
keep
him
in
the
affection
of
his
Father
;
for
she
supported
him
in
all
things
,
and
advertised
him
of
all
occurrences
:
Yet
that
was
not
so
much
,
because
he
was
the
Eldest
Son
,
and
she
the
Eldest
Daughter
(
as
the
people
believed
)
as
because
he
had
promised
her
,
that
as
soon
as
he
should
come
to
the
Crown
he
would
Marry
her
;
which
is
altogether
extraordinary
,
and
almost
never
practised
in
Indostan
.
I
shall
not
scruple
to
relate
here
some
of
the
Amours
of
this
Princess
,
although
shut
up
in
a
Seraglio
,
and
well
kept
,
like
other
Women
.
Neither
shall
I
apprehend
,
that
I
may
be
thought
to
prepare
Matter
for
a
Romancer
;
for
they
are
not
Amours
like
ours
,
followed
by
Gallant
and
Comical
Adventures
,
but
attended
with
Events
dreadful
and
Tragical
.
Now
't
is
reported
,
that
this
Princess
found
means
to
let
a
young
Gallant
enter
the
Seraglio
,
who
was
of
no
great
Quality
,
but
proper
,
and
of
a
good
Meen
.
But
among
such
a
number
of
jealous
and
envious
persons
,
she
could
not
carry
on
her
business
so
privily
,
but
she
was
discover'd
.
Chah-Jehan
,
her
Father
,
was
soon
advertised
of
it
,
and
resolved
to
surprise
her
,
under
the
pretence
of
giving
her
a
Visit
,
as
he
used
to
do
.
The
Princess
seeing
him
come
unexpected
,
had
no
more
time
than
to
hide
this
unfortunate
Lover
in
one
of
the
great
Chaudrons
made
to
Bath
in
;
which
yet
could
not
be
so
done
,
but
that
Chah-Jehan
suspected
it
.
Mean
time
he
quarrelled
not
with
his
Daughter
,
but
entertained
her
a
pretty
while
,
as
he
was
wont
to
do
;
and
at
length
told
her
,
that
he
found
her
in
a
careless
and
less
neat
posture
;
that
it
was
convenient
she
should
wash
her self
,
and
bath
oftner
;
commanding
presently
,
with
somewhat
a
stern
countenance
,
that
forthwith
a
Fire
should
be
made
under
that
Chaudron
,
and
he
would
not
part
thence
,
before
the
Eunuchs
had
brought
him
word
,
that
that
unhappy
Man
was
dispatched
.
Some
time
after
she
took
other
measures
,
she
chose
for
her
Kane-saman
,
that
is
,
her
Steward
,
a
certain
Persian
called
Nazerkan
,
who
was
a
young
Omrah
,
the
handsomest
and
most
accomplished
of
the
whole
Court
,
a
Man
of
Courage
and
Ambition
,
the
Darling
of
all
,
insomuch
that
Chah-Hestkan
,
Uncle
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
proposed
to
Marry
him
to
the
Princess
:
But
Chah-Jehan
received
that
proposition
very
ill
,
and
besides
,
when
he
was
informed
of
some
of
the
secret
Intrigues
that
had
been
formed
,
he
resolved
quickly
to
rid
himself
of
Nazerkan
.
He
therefore
presented
to
him
,
as
't
were
to
do
him
honour
,
a
Betele
,
which
he
could
not
refuse
to
chew
presently
,
after
the
Custom
of
the
Countrey
.
Betele
is
a
little
knot
made
up
of
very
delicate
leaves
,
and
some
other
things
,
with
a
little
Chalk
of
Sea-Cockles
;
which
maketh
the
Mouth
and
Lips
of
a
Vermilion
colour
,
and
the
Breath
sweet
and
pleasing
.
This
young
Lord
thought
of
nothing
less
than
being
poysoned
:
He
went
away
from
the
Company
very
jocund
and
content
into
his
Paleky
;
but
the
Drug
was
so
strong
,
that
before
he
could
come
to
his
House
,
he
was
no
more
alive
.
Rauchenara-Begum
never
passed
for
so
handsome
and
spiritual
as
Begum-Saheb
,
but
she
was
not
less
cheerful
,
and
comely
enough
,
and
hated
pleasures
no
more
than
her
Sister
.
But
she
addicted
her self
wholly
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
consequently
declared
her self
an
Enemy
to
Begum-Saheb
and
Dara
.
This
was
the
cause
,
that
she
had
no
great
Riches
,
nor
any
considerable
share
in
the
Affairs
of
the
State
:
Nevertheless
as
she
was
in
the
Seraglio
,
and
wanted
no
Wit
and
Spies
,
she
could
not
but
discover
many
important
Matters
,
of
which
she
gave
secret
advertisement
to
Aureng-Zebe
.
Chah-Jehan
,
some
years
before
the
Troubles
,
finding
himself
charged
with
these
four
Princes
,
all
come
to
Age
,
all
Married
,
all
pretending
to
the
Crown
,
Enemies
to
one
another
,
and
each
of
them
making
secretly
a
Party
,
was
perplexed
enough
,
as
to
what
was
fittest
for
him
to
do
,
fearing
danger
to
his
own
Person
,
and
foreseeing
what
afterwards
befell
him
:
For
,
to
shut
them
up
in
Goualeor
,
which
is
a
Fortress
where
the
Princes
are
ordinarily
kept
close
,
and
which
is
held
impregnable
,
it
being
situated
upon
an
inaccessible
Rock
,
and
having
within
it self
good
water
,
and
provision
enough
for
a
Garrison
;
that
was
not
so
easie
a
thing
.
They
were
too
potent
already
,
each
of
them
having
a
Princely
Train
.
And
again
,
he
could
not
handsomely
remove
them
far
off
,
without
giving
them
some
Government
fit
for
their
Birth
;
wherein
he
apprehended
they
would
Cantonize
themselves
,
and
become
little
independent
Kings
;
as
actually
they
afterwards
did
.
Nevertheless
,
fearing
lest
they
should
cut
one
anothers
Throat
before
his
Eyes
,
if
he
kept
them
still
at
Court
,
he
at
last
concluded
to
send
them
away
.
And
so
he
sent
Sultan
Sujah
,
his
second
Son
,
into
the
Kingdom
of
Bengale
;
his
third
,
Aureng-Zebe
,
into
Decan
;
and
the
youngest
,
Morad-Bakche
,
to
Guzaratte
;
giving
to
Dara
,
the
eldest
,
Cabal
and
Multan
.
The
three
first
went
away
very
well
content
with
their
Government
;
and
there
they
Acted
each
the
Soveraign
,
and
retained
all
the
Revenues
of
their
respective
Countries
,
entertaining
great
Troops
,
under
the
pretence
of
bridling
their
Subjects
and
Neighbours
.
As
to
Dara
,
because
the
eldest
,
and
designed
to
the
Crown
,
he
stirred
not
from
the
Court
;
which
that
he
should
not
do
,
seemed
also
to
be
the
intention
of
Chah-Jehan
,
who
entertained
him
in
the
hopes
of
succeeding
him
after
his
Death
.
He
even
permitted
then
,
that
Orders
were
issued
out
by
him
,
and
that
he
might
sit
in
a
kind
of
Throne
,
beneath
his
,
among
the
Omrahs
;
so
that
it
seemed
,
as
if
there
were
two
Kings
together
.
But
as
't
is
very
difficult
for
two
Soveraigns
to
agree
,
Chah-Jehan
,
though
Dara
shew'd
him
great
Observance
and
Affection
,
always
harbour'd
some
diffidence
,
fearing
above
all
things
the
Morsel
;
and
besides
,
for
as
much
as
he
knew
the
parts
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
thought
him
more
capable
to
Reign
than
any
of
the
rest
,
he
had
always
(
as
they
say
)
some
particular
correspondence
with
him
.
This
it
is
,
what
I
thought
fit
to
premise
concerning
these
four
Princes
,
and
their
Father
Chah-Jehan
,
because
't
is
necessary
for
the
understanding
of
all
that
follows
.
I
esteem'd
also
,
that
I
was
not
to
forget
those
two
Princesses
,
as
having
been
the
most
considerable
Actors
in
the
Tragedy
;
the
Women
in
the
Indies
taking
very
often
,
as
well
as
at
Constantinople
and
in
many
other
places
,
the
best
part
in
the
most
important
Transactions
,
though
Men
take
seldom
notice
of
it
,
and
trouble
their
heads
of
seeking
for
other
Causes
.
But
to
deliver
this
History
with
clearness
,
we
must
rise
somewhat
higher
,
and
relate
what
passed
,
some
time
before
the
Troubles
,
between
Aureng-Zebe
,
the
King
of
Golkonda
,
and
his
Visier
Emir-Jemla
;
because
this
will
discover
to
us
the
Character
and
Temper
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
is
to
be
the
Heros
of
this
Piece
,
and
the
King
of
the
Indies
.
Let
us
then
see
,
after
what
manner
Emir-Jemla
proceeded
,
to
lay
the
first
foundation
of
the
Royalty
of
Aureng-Zebe
.
During
the
time
that
Aureng-Zebe
was
in
Decan
,
the
King
of
Golkonda
had
for
his
Visier
and
General
of
his
Armies
this
Emir-Jemla
,
who
was
a
Persian
by
Nation
,
and
very
famous
in
the
Indies
.
He
was
not
a
Man
of
great
Extraction
,
but
beaten
in
Busiuess
,
a
person
of
excellent
parts
,
and
a
great
Captain
.
He
had
the
Wit
of
amassing
great
Treasures
,
not
only
by
the
Administration
of
the
Affairs
of
this
opulent
Kingdom
,
but
also
by
Navigation
and
Trade
,
sending
ships
into
very
many
parts
,
and
causing
the
Diamond
Mines
,
which
he
alone
had
farmed
under
many
borrowed
names
,
to
be
wrought
with
extraordinary
diligence
.
So
that
people
discoursed
almost
of
nothing
but
of
the
Riches
of
Emir-Jemla
,
and
of
the
plenty
of
his
Diamonds
,
which
were
not
reckon'd
but
by
Sacks
.
He
had
also
the
skill
to
render
himself
very
potent
and
considerable
,
entertaining
,
besides
the
Armies
of
the
King
,
very
good
Troops
for
his
particular
,
and
above
all
a
very
good
Artillery
,
with
abundance
of
Franguys
or
Christians
to
manage
it
.
In
a
word
,
he
grew
so
rich
,
and
so
puissant
,
especially
after
he
had
found
a
way
to
enter
into
the
Kingdom
of
Karnates
,
and
to
pillage
all
the
ancient
Churches
of
the
Idols
of
that
Countrey
,
that
the
King
of
Golkonda
became
jealous
of
it
,
and
prepared
himself
to
unsaddle
him
;
and
that
the
more
,
because
he
could
not
bear
what
was
reported
of
him
,
as
if
he
had
used
too
great
familiarity
with
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
that
was
yet
beauteous
.
Yet
he
discover'd
nothing
of
his
Design
to
any
,
having
patience
,
and
waiting
'till
Emir
came
to
the
Court
,
for
he
was
then
in
the
Kingdom
of
Karnates
with
his
Army
.
But
one
day
,
when
more
particular
News
was
brought
him
of
what
had
passed
between
his
Mother
and
Him
,
he
had
not
power
enough
to
dissemble
any
longer
,
but
was
transported
by
choler
to
fall
to
invectives
and
menaces
:
Whereof
Emir
was
soon
made
acquainted
,
having
at
the
Court
abundance
of
his
Wives
Kindred
,
and
all
his
nearest
Relations
and
best
Friends
possessing
the
principal
Offices
.
The
Kings
Mother
also
,
who
did
not
hate
him
,
had
speedy
information
of
the
same
.
Which
obliged
Emir
,
without
delay
,
to
write
to
his
only
Son
,
Mahmet
Emir-Kan
,
who
then
was
about
the
King
,
requiring
him
to
do
the
best
he
could
to
withdraw
with
all
speed
from
the
Court
,
under
some
pretence
of
Hunting
,
or
the
like
,
and
to
come
and
joyn
with
him
.
Mahmet
Emir-Kan
failed
not
to
attempt
divers
ways
;
but
,
the
King
causing
him
to
be
narrowly
observed
,
none
of
them
all
would
succeed
.
This
very
much
perplexed
Emir
,
and
made
him
take
a
strange
resolution
,
which
cast
the
King
in
great
danger
to
lose
his
Crown
and
Life
;
so
true
't
is
;
that
he
who
knows
not
to
Dissemble
,
knows
not
how
to
Reign
.
He
writ
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
was
then
in
Daulet-Abad
,
the
Capital
of
Decan
,
about
fifteen
or
sixteen
days
Journey
from
Golkonda
,
giving
him
to
understand
,
that
the
King
of
Golkonda
did
intend
to
ruin
him
and
his
Family
,
notwithstanding
the
signal
Services
he
had
done
him
,
as
all
the
World
knew
;
which
was
an
un-exampled
Injustice
and
Ingratitude
;
that
this
necessitated
him
to
take
his
refuge
to
him
,
and
to
intreat
him
,
that
he
would
receive
him
into
his
protection
;
that
,
for
the
rest
,
if
he
would
follow
his
advice
,
and
confide
in
him
,
he
would
so
dispose
Affairs
,
that
he
would
at
once
put
into
his
hands
both
the
King
and
Kingdom
of
Golkonda
.
This
thing
he
made
very
easie
,
using
the
following
Discourse
:
You
need
but
take
four
or
five
thousand
Horse
,
of
the
best
of
your
Army
,
and
to
March
with
Expedition
to
Golkonda
,
spreading
a
rumour
by
the
way
,
that
't
is
an
Ambassadour
of
Chah-Jehan
that
goes
in
haste
,
about
considerable
Matters
,
to
speak
with
the
King
at
Bag-naguer
.
The
Dabir
,
who
is
he
that
is
first
to
be
addressed
unto
,
to
make
any
thing
known
unto
the
King
,
is
allyed
to
me
,
and
my
Creature
,
and
altogether
mine
;
take
care
of
nothing
but
to
March
with
expedition
,
and
I
will
so
order
it
,
that
without
making
you
known
,
you
shall
come
to
the
Gates
of
Bag-naguer
;
and
when
the
King
shall
come
out
to
receive
the
Letters
,
according
to
custome
,
you
may
easily
seize
on
him
,
and
afterwards
of
all
his
Family
,
and
do
with
him
what
shall
seem
good
to
you
;
in
regard
that
his
House
of
Bag-naguer
,
where
he
commonly
resides
,
is
unwalled
and
unfortified
.
He
added
,
that
he
would
make
this
Enterprise
upon
his
own
Charges
,
offering
him
fifty
thousand
Roupies
a
day
(
which
is
about
five
and
twenty
thousand
Crowns
)
during
the
whole
time
of
the
March.
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
looked
only
for
some
such
occasion
,
had
no
mind
at
all
to
lose
so
fair
an
one
.
He
soon
undertook
the
Expedition
,
and
did
so
fortunately
manage
his
Enterprise
,
that
he
arrived
at
Bag-naguer
,
without
being
otherwise
known
than
as
an
Ambassadour
of
Chah-Jehan
.
The
King
of
Golkonda
being
advertised
of
the
arrival
of
this
pretended
Ambassadour
,
came
forth
into
a
Garden
,
according
to
custome
,
received
him
with
honour
,
and
having
unfortunately
put
himself
into
the
hands
of
his
Enemy
,
ten
or
twelve
Slaves
,
Gurgis
,
were
ready
to
fall
upon
and
to
seize
his
person
,
as
had
been
projected
;
but
that
a
certain
Omrah
,
touched
with
tenderness
,
could
not
forbear
to
cry
out
,
though
he
was
of
the
party
,
and
a
Creature
of
Emir
,
Doth
not
your
Majesty
see
that
this
is
Aureng-Zebe
?
Away
;
or
you
are
taken
.
Whereat
the
King
being
affrighted
,
slips
away
,
and
gets
hastily
on
horseback
,
riding
with
all
his
might
to
the
Fortress
of
Golkonda
,
which
is
but
a
short
League
from
thence
.
Aureng-Zebe
seeing
he
was
defeated
in
his
Design
,
yet
was
not
therefore
discomposed
;
but
seized
at
the
same
time
on
the
Royal
House
,
taketh
all
the
rich
and
good
things
he
finds
there
;
yet
sending
to
the
King
all
his
Wives
(
which
over
all
the
Indies
is
very
religiously
observed
;
)
and
goeth
to
Besiege
him
in
his
Fortress
.
But
as
the
Siege
,
for
want
of
having
brought
along
all
Necessaries
,
held
on
long
,
and
lasted
above
two
months
,
he
received
Order
from
Chah-Jehan
to
raise
it
,
and
to
retire
into
Decan
again
;
so
that
,
although
the
Fortress
was
reduced
to
extremities
,
for
want
of
Victuals
and
Ammunition
of
War
,
he
found
himself
obliged
to
abandon
his
Enterprise
.
He
knew
very
well
,
that
it
was
Dara
and
Begum
that
had
induced
Chah-Jehan
to
send
these
Orders
,
from
the
apprehension
they
entertained
,
that
he
would
become
too
powerful
;
but
in
the
mean
time
he
never
discover'd
any
resentment
of
it
,
saying
only
,
that
he
ought
to
obey
the
Orders
of
his
Father
.
Yet
he
withdrew
not
,
without
causing
underhand
payment
to
be
made
to
him
of
all
the
Charges
of
his
Expedition
:
Besides
,
he
Married
his
Son
Sultan
Mahmoud
to
the
Eldest
Daughter
of
that
King
,
with
a
promise
,
that
he
would
make
him
his
Successor
,
causing
him
also
to
give
him
for
a
Dowry
the
Fortress
and
the
Appurtenances
of
Bamguyre
.
He
also
made
the
King
consent
,
that
all
the
Silver
Money
,
that
should
be
Coined
for
the
future
in
that
Kingdom
,
should
bear
on
one
side
the
Arms
of
Chah-Jehan
;
and
that
Emir-Jemla
should
withdraw
with
his
whole
Family
,
all
his
Goods
,
Troops
,
and
Artillery
.
These
two
Great
Men
were
not
long
together
,
but
they
framed
great
Designs
:
On
the
way
they
Besieged
and
took
Bider
,
one
of
the
strongest
and
most
important
Places
of
Visapour
;
and
thence
they
went
to
Daulet-Abad
,
where
they
contracted
so
intimate
a
Friendship
together
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
could
not
live
without
seeing
Emir
twice
a
day
,
nor
Emir
without
seeing
Aureng-Zebe
.
Their
Union
began
to
cause
a
new
Face
in
all
the
Affairs
of
those
Parts
,
and
laid
the
first
foundations
of
the
Royalty
of
Aureng-Zebe
.
This
Prince
having
used
the
Art
to
make
himself
to
be
called
to
the
Court
divers
times
,
went
with
great
and
rich
presents
to
Agra
to
Chah-Jehan
,
presenting
him
his
Service
,
and
inducing
him
to
make
War
against
the
King
of
Golkonda
,
and
him
of
Visapour
,
and
against
the
Portugals
.
At
first
he
presented
to
him
that
great
Diamond
,
which
is
esteem'd
matchless
;
giving
him
to
understand
,
that
the
precious
stones
of
Golkonda
were
quite
other
things
,
than
those
Rocks
of
Kandahar
;
that
there
it
was
,
where
the
War
ought
to
be
made
,
to
get
the
possession
thereof
,
and
to
go
as
far
as
Cape
Comory
.
Chah-Jehan
,
whether
it
were
that
he
was
dazled
by
the
Diamonds
of
Emir
,
or
whether
he
thought
it
fit
,
as
some
believe
he
did
,
to
have
an
Army
in
the
Field
,
somewhat
to
restrain
Dara
,
whom
he
found
active
in
making
himself
potent
,
and
who
with
insolence
had
ill
treated
the
Visier
Sadullah-Kan
(
whom
Chah-Jehan
passionately
loved
,
and
considered
as
the
greatest
Statesman
that
had
been
in
the
Indies
)
causing
him
even
to
be
made
away
with
poyson
,
as
a
Man
not
of
his
party
,
but
inclined
to
Sultan
Sujah
;
or
rather
,
because
he
found
him
too
powerful
,
and
in
a
condition
to
be
the
Umpire
of
the
Crown
,
if
Chah-Jehan
should
decease
;
or
lastly
,
because
being
neither
Persian
,
nor
of
Persian
Extraction
,
but
an
Indian
,
there
were
not
wanting
envious
persons
,
who
spread
abroad
,
that
he
entertained
in
divers
places
numerous
Troops
of
Patans
,
very
Gallant
Men
,
and
well
paid
,
with
a
design
to
make
himself
King
,
or
his
Son
;
or
at
least
to
expel
the
Mogols
,
and
to
restore
to
the
Throne
the
Nation
of
the
Patans
,
of
whom
he
had
taken
his
Wife
.
However
it
be
,
Chah-Jehan
resolved
to
send
an
Army
towards
Decan
under
the
Conduct
of
Emir-Jemla
.
Dara
,
who
saw
the
consequence
of
this
Affair
,
and
that
the
sending
of
Troops
for
those
parts
,
was
to
give
strength
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
opposed
it
exceedingly
,
and
did
what
he
could
to
hinder
it
.
Nevertheless
,
when
he
saw
that
Chah-Jehan
was
resolute
for
it
,
he
at
last
thought
it
best
to
consent
;
but
with
this
condition
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
should
keep
in
Daulet-Abad
,
as
Governour
only
of
the
Countrey
,
without
medling
at
all
in
the
War
,
or
pretending
to
Govern
the
Army
;
that
Emir
should
be
the
absolute
General
,
who
for
a
pledge
of
his
Fidelity
was
to
leave
his
whole
Family
at
the
Court.
Emir
struggled
enough
within
himself
,
whether
he
should
agree
to
this
last
condition
,
but
when
Chah-Jehan
desired
him
to
give
that
satisfaction
to
Dara
,
and
promised
him
,
that
after
a
little
while
he
would
send
him
back
his
Wife
and
Children
,
he
consented
,
and
Marched
into
Decan
towards
Aureng-Zebe
with
a
very
Gallant
Army
,
and
without
any
stop
entred
into
Visapour
,
where
he
Besieged
a
strong
place
called
Kaliane
.
The
Affairs
of
Indostan
were
in
that
condition
,
as
I
have
been
relating
,
when
Chah-Jehan
fell
dangerously
sick
.
I
shall
not
speak
here
of
his
sickness
,
much
less
relate
the
particulars
of
it
.
I
shall
only
say
this
,
that
it
was
little
sutable
to
a
Man
of
above
seventy
years
of
Age
,
who
should
rather
think
on
preserving
his
strength
,
than
to
ruin
it
,
as
he
did
.
This
sickness
did
soon
allarm
and
trouble
all
Indostan
.
Mighty
Armies
were
levied
in
Dehly
and
Agra
,
the
Capitals
of
the
Empire
.
Sultan
Sujah
did
the
like
in
Bengale
;
and
Aureng-Zebe
in
Decan
;
and
Mord-Bakche
in
Guzaratte
:
All
four
assembled
to
themselves
their
Allies
and
Friends
;
all
four
write
,
promise
,
and
form
divers
Intrigues
.
Dara
having
surprised
some
of
their
Letters
,
shew'd
them
to
Chah-Jehan
,
and
made
great
noise
about
them
;
and
his
Sister
Begum
failed
not
to
make
use
of
this
occasion
,
to
animate
the
King
against
them
.
But
Chah-Jehan
was
diffident
of
Dara
,
and
fearing
to
be
poysoned
,
gave
order
,
that
particular
care
should
be
had
of
what
was
brought
to
his
Table
.
'T
was
also
said
,
that
he
wrote
to
Aureng-Zebe
;
and
that
Dara
being
advertised
thereof
,
could
not
forbear
to
menace
,
and
to
break
into
very
passionate
expressions
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Distemper
of
Chah-Jehan
lingred
,
and
't
was
bruited
every
where
,
that
he
was
dead
.
Whereupon
the
whole
Court
was
disorder'd
,
the
whole
Town
allarm'd
,
the
Shops
for
many
days
shut
up
;
and
the
four
Sons
of
the
King
made
openly
great
Preparations
,
each
for
himself
:
And
to
say
truth
,
it
was
not
without
reason
,
that
they
all
made
ready
for
War
;
for
they
all
very
well
knew
,
that
there
was
no
hopes
of
quarter
,
that
there
was
no
other
way
,
than
to
vanquish
or
dye
,
to
be
King
or
undone
,
and
that
he
that
should
be
Conquerour
would
rid
himself
of
all
the
rest
,
as
formerly
Chah-Jehan
had
done
of
his
Brothers
.
Sultan
Sujah
,
who
had
heaped
up
great
Treasures
in
that
rich
Kingdom
of
Bengale
,
ruining
some
of
the
Rajas
or
petty
Kings
that
are
in
those
parts
,
and
drawing
great
Sums
from
others
,
took
the
Field
first
of
all
with
a
puissant
Army
,
and
in
the
confidence
he
had
of
all
the
Persian
Omrahs
,
for
the
Sect
of
whom
he
had
declared
himself
,
he
boldly
Marched
towards
Agra
,
giving
out
openly
that
Chah-Jehan
was
dead
,
that
Dara
had
poyson'd
him
,
that
he
would
revenge
the
death
of
his
Father
,
and
in
a
word
,
that
he
would
be
King.
Dara
desired
Chah-Jehan
to
write
himself
to
him
,
and
to
forbid
him
to
advance
further
;
which
he
did
,
assuring
him
,
that
his
sickness
was
not
at
all
dangerous
,
and
that
he
was
already
much
better
.
But
he
having
Friends
at
Court
,
who
assured
him
that
the
sickness
of
Chah-Jehan
was
mortal
,
he
dissembled
,
and
ceased
not
to
advance
,
saying
still
,
that
he
knew
very
well
Chah-Jehan
was
dead
;
and
if
he
should
be
alive
,
he
was
desirous
to
come
and
kiss
his
feet
,
and
to
receive
his
Commands
.
Aureng-Zebe
immediately
after
,
if
not
at
the
same
time
,
taketh
the
Field
also
in
Decan
,
maketh
a
great
noise
,
and
prepareth
to
March
towards
Agra
.
The
same
prohibition
was
made
to
him
also
,
as
well
from
Chah-Jehan
,
as
from
Dara
,
who
threaten'd
him
.
But
he
dissembleth
,
for
the
same
reason
that
Sultan
Sujah
had
done
,
and
giveth
the
like
answer
.
Mean
time
,
finding
that
his
Treasure
was
low
,
and
his
Souldiery
very
inconsiderable
,
he
devised
two
artifices
,
which
succeeded
admirably
well
;
the
one
,
in
regard
of
Morad-Bakche
;
the
other
,
in
respect
of
Emir-Jemla
.
To
Morad-Bakche
he
writes
with
speed
a
very
fair
Letter
,
importing
,
that
he
had
always
been
his
true
and
intimate
Friend
;
that
,
as
for
himself
,
he
laid
no
claim
at
all
to
the
Crown
;
that
he
might
remember
,
he
had
all
his
Life
time
made
profession
of
a
Fakire
,
but
that
Dara
was
a
person
incapable
to
Govern
a
Kingdom
;
that
he
was
a
Kafer
,
an
Idolater
,
and
hated
of
all
the
greatest
Omrahs
;
that
Sultan
Sujah
was
a
Rafezy
,
an
Heretick
,
and
by
consequence
an
Enemy
to
Indostan
,
and
unworthy
of
the
Crown
:
So
that
,
in
a
word
,
there
was
none
but
he
(
Morad-Bakche
)
that
could
reasonably
pretend
to
the
Succession
;
that
the
Crown
did
expect
him
;
that
the
whole
Court
,
which
was
not
ignorant
of
his
Valour
,
would
be
for
him
;
and
that
for
his
particular
,
if
he
would
promise
him
,
that
being
King
,
he
would
give
him
leave
to
live
quietly
in
some
Corner
or
other
of
his
Empire
,
there
to
serve
God
the
remainder
of
his
days
,
he
was
ready
to
make
a
conjunction
with
him
,
to
assist
him
with
his
Counsel
and
Friends
,
and
to
put
into
his
hands
his
whole
Army
,
to
fight
Dara
and
Sultan
Sujah
;
that
in
the
mean
time
he
sent
him
an
hundred
thousand
Rupies
(
which
make
about
fifty
thousand
Crowns
of
our
Money
)
and
prayed
him
to
accept
thereof
as
a
pledge
of
his
friendship
;
and
that
he
would
advise
him
to
come
with
all
possible
speed
to
seize
on
the
Castle
of
Suratte
,
where
he
knew
to
be
the
Treasure
of
the
Land.
Morad-Bakche
,
who
was
neither
too
rich
nor
too
powerful
,
received
with
much
joy
this
proposition
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
the
hundred
thousand
Rupies
sent
by
him
;
and
shew'd
Aureng-Zebe
sent
his
Eldest
Son
,
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
(
him
whom
he
had
Married
to
the
Daughter
of
the
King
of
Golkonda
)
to
Emir-Jemla
,
who
was
yet
employed
in
the
Siege
of
Kaliane
,
to
perswade
him
to
come
to
him
to
Daulet-Abad
,
pretending
to
have
matter
of
the
greatest
importance
to
communicate
to
him
.
Emir
,
who
soon
suspected
his
intentions
,
excused
himself
,
saying
openly
that
Chah-Jehan
was
not
dead
,
that
he
had
fresh
News
of
his
being
alive
,
and
that
besides
,
all
his
Family
being
at
Agra
in
the
hands
of
Dara
,
he
could
by
no
means
assist
Aureng-Zebe
,
nor
declare
himself
for
him
.
Whereupon
Sultan
Mahmoud
return'd
to
Daulet-Abad
,
without
effecting
any
thing
,
and
very
much
dissatisfied
with
Emir
.
But
Aureng-Zebe
lost
no
courage
for
all
that
,
but
sent
the
second
time
to
Emir
,
yet
not
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
but
Sultan
Mazum
his
Second
Son
,
who
presented
to
him
his
Fathers
Letter
,
and
handled
him
with
that
dexterity
,
sweetness
,
and
protestation
of
friendship
,
that
it
was
not
possible
to
resist
him
.
Emir
therefore
pressed
the
Siege
of
Kaliane
,
forced
the
Besieged
to
Surrender
upon
Composition
,
took
the
choice
of
his
Army
,
and
with
all
diligence
went
away
with
Sultan
Mazum
.
At
his
arrival
,
Aureng-Zebe
courted
him
in
the
highest
degree
,
treating
him
no
otherwise
than
with
the
Name
of
Baba
and
Babagy
,
that
is
,
Father
,
Lord-Father
;
and
after
an
hundred
embraces
,
he
took
him
somewhat
aside
,
and
told
him
(
according
to
what
I
could
learn
from
persons
who
knew
of
it
)
That
it
was
not
just
,
that
having
his
Family
at
the
Court
,
he
should
adventure
to
do
any
thing
in
his
behalf
that
might
come
to
be
known
;
but
that
,
after
all
,
there
was
nothing
so
difficult
but
an
expedient
might
be
found
.
Give
me
leave
therefore
,
said
he
,
to
propose
to
you
a
Design
,
which
at
first
will
possibly
surprise
you
;
but
,
since
you
apprehend
the
danger
of
your
Wife
and
Children
that
are
in
Hostage
,
the
best
way
of
providing
for
their
security
would
be
,
to
suffer
me
to
seize
on
your
person
,
and
to
put
you
in
prison
.
It
is
out
of
doubt
,
that
all
the
World
will
believe
it
done
in
earnest
:
For
who
would
imagin
,
that
such
a
person
as
you
would
be
content
to
let
your self
be
laid
in
prison
?
In
the
interim
,
I
could
make
use
of
part
of
your
Army
,
and
of
your
Artillery
,
as
you
shall
judge
most
proper
and
convenient
:
You
also
could
furnish
me
with
a
Sum
of
Money
,
as
you
have
frequently
offered
it
;
and
besides
,
methinks
I
might
tempt
Fortune
further
,
and
we
might
together
take
our
measures
,
to
see
in
what
manner
I
had
best
to
demean
my self
;
if
you
would
also
permit
,
that
I
might
cause
you
to
be
transported
into
the
Fortress
of
Daulet-Abad
,
where
you
should
be
Master
;
and
that
there
I
might
have
you
kept
by
my
own
Son
,
Sultan
Mazum
,
or
Sultan
Mahmoud
;
this
would
yet
better
palliate
the
matter
,
and
I
see
not
,
what
Dara
could
justly
say
of
it
,
nor
how
he
could
reasonably
treat
your
Wife
and
Children
ill
.
Emir
,
whether
it
were
by
reason
of
the
Friendship
he
had
sworn
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
or
for
the
great
promises
made
to
him
,
or
the
apprehension
he
had
,
of
seeing
near
him
Sultan
Mazum
,
who
stood
by
,
very
pensive
and
well
armed
,
and
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
who
looked
grim
upon
him
for
his
coming
away
at
the
sollicitation
of
his
Brother
,
not
at
that
of
his
,
and
had
at
his
very
entrance
lift
up
his
Foot
as
if
he
would
have
hit
him
;
whatever
of
these
considerations
might
induce
him
,
consented
to
all
what
Aureng-Zebe
desired
,
and
approved
of
the
Expedient
to
suffer
himself
to
be
imprison'd
;
so
that
Aureng-Zebe
being
no
sooner
gone
,
but
the
Great
Master
of
the
Artillery
was
seen
to
approach
with
some
fierceness
to
Emir
,
and
to
command
him
in
the
Name
of
Aureng-Zebe
to
follow
him
,
locking
him
up
in
a
Chamber
,
and
there
giving
him
very
good
words
,
whilst
all
the
Souldiery
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
had
thereabout
,
went
to
their
Arms.
The
report
of
the
detention
of
Emir-Jemla
was
no
sooner
spread
,
but
a
great
tumult
arose
;
and
those
,
whom
he
had
brought
along
with
him
,
although
astonish'd
,
yet
put
themselves
into
a
posture
of
rescuing
him
,
and
with
their
Swords
drawn
ran
to
force
the
Guards
,
and
the
Gate
of
his
Prison
;
which
was
easie
for
them
to
do
:
For
Aureng-Zebe
had
not
with
him
sufficient
Troops
to
make
good
so
bold
an
Enterprise
;
the
only
Name
of
Emir-Jemla
made
all
tremble
.
But
the
whole
matter
being
altogether
counterfeited
,
all
these
Commotions
were
presently
calmed
by
the
intimations
that
were
given
to
the
Chief
Officers
of
Agra
;
that
he
had
expected
him
on
the
way
,
and
therefore
desired
him
to
joyn
with
him
.
'T
is
true
,
that
Morad-Bakche
found
not
so
much
Money
in
the
Fortress
of
Suratte
as
he
had
imagined
,
whether
it
were
that
really
there
was
not
so
much
as
was
reported
,
or
whether
the
Governour
had
diverted
a
part
of
it
,
as
some
believed
:
Yet
notwithstanding
that
little
he
found
there
was
useful
to
him
,
to
pay
the
Souldiers
that
had
listed
themselves
in
hopes
of
the
advantages
,
they
should
make
of
the
imagined
vast
Treasure
of
Suratte
.
'T
is
not
less
true
,
that
he
had
no
greater
reason
to
boast
of
the
taking
of
this
Place
,
in
regard
there
was
not
any
Regular
Fortification
about
it
;
and
yet
his
Army
had
lain
before
it
above
a
month
,
and
would
never
have
reduced
it
without
the
Hollanders
,
who
furnish'd
them
with
the
Invention
of
Springing
a
Mine
,
which
ruining
a
great
side
of
the
Wall
,
cast
the
Besieged
into
such
a
consternation
,
that
it
made
them
immediately
surrender
.
The
reduction
of
this
Town
did
much
advance
his
Design
,
Fame
proclaiming
immediately
throughout
these
Countries
,
that
Morad-Bakche
had
taken
Suratte
;
that
he
had
sprung
a
Mine
,
which
sounded
very
big
among
the
Indians
,
who
as
yet
do
little
understand
that
practice
;
and
that
there
he
had
found
a
vast
Treasure
.
Notwithstanding
this
great
noise
,
and
all
the
first
advantages
,
joyned
to
all
those
frequent
Letters
and
great
Promises
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
the
Eunuch
Chah-Abas
,
a
Man
of
good
Sense
,
of
a
great
Heart
,
and
exceedingly
affectionate
to
the
Service
of
his
Master
,
was
not
of
opinion
,
that
Morad-Bakche
should
so
much
tye
himself
in
interest
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
or
precipitate
his
conjunction
with
him
,
but
advised
,
that
he
should
amuse
him
with
words
,
and
let
him
advance
alone
towards
Agra
;
that
in
the
mean
time
there
would
come
certain
News
of
the
sickness
of
Chah-Jehan
;
that
he
should
first
see
,
what
Channel
Affairs
would
run
in
;
that
he
should
Fortifie
Suratte
,
as
a
very
good
Post
,
able
to
render
him
Master
of
a
very
large
and
rich
Countrey
;
and
that
perhaps
in
time
he
might
seize
Brampour
,
which
is
a
very
considerable
Passage
of
a
River
,
and
as
't
were
a
Bar
of
Decan
.
But
the
continual
Letters
and
Protestations
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
joyned
to
the
small
Forces
,
Artillery
,
and
Treasure
of
Morad-Bakche
,
blinded
with
an
excessive
ambition
to
Reign
,
made
him
regardless
of
all
other
considerations
;
so
that
he
went
away
from
Amadevad
,
abandon'd
Guzaratte
,
and
took
his
way
through
the
Woods
and
Mountains
,
with
all
expedition
,
to
be
at
the
Rendevouz
,
where
Aureng-Zebe
had
looked
for
him
these
two
or
three
days
.
Great
Solemnities
of
Joy
were
made
at
the
conjunction
of
the
two
Armies
,
the
Princes
visited
one
another
,
Aureng-Zebe
made
a
hundred
protestations
and
no
less
promises
to
Morad-Backche
,
assured
him
afresh
,
and
solemnly
,
of
his
not
caring
for
the
Crown
,
as
also
of
his
being
there
for
no
other
end
than
to
assist
him
against
Dara
,
their
Common
Enemy
,
and
to
place
him
in
the
Throne
,
which
expected
him
.
Upon
this
Enterview
,
and
confirmation
of
Friendship
,
both
Armies
Marched
together
,
Aureng-Zebe
continuing
always
,
during
the
March
,
in
the
protestations
of
Friendship
,
and
in
his
Courtship
to
Morad-Bakche
,
treating
him
never
otherwise
,
whether
in
publick
or
private
,
but
with
the
Title
of
Hazaret
,
that
is
,
King
and
Majesty
:
So
that
Morad-Bakche
was
fully
perswaded
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
meant
sincerely
,
from
an
excess
of
affection
towards
him
;
whence
he
even
willingly
,
and
without
ceremony
,
suffer'd
the
submissions
and
respects
he
shew'd
him
;
instead
of
remembring
what
had
lately
passed
at
Golkonda
,
and
of
considering
,
that
he
,
who
had
thus
hazarded
himself
with
so
much
boldness
to
usurp
a
Kingdon
,
was
not
of
a
temper
to
live
and
dye
a
Fakire
-
These
two
Armies
thus
joyned
made
a
Body
considerable
enough
;
which
begot
a
great
noise
at
Court
,
and
gave
cause
of
thoughtfulness
,
not
only
to
Dara
,
but
to
Chah-Jehan
himself
,
who
knew
the
great
parts
and
subtle
Conduct
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
the
Courage
of
Morad-Bakche
;
and
who
foresaw
very
well
,
that
a
Fire
was
a
kindling
,
which
would
be
very
hard
to
quench
.
It
was
to
no
purpose
to
write
Letters
upon
Letters
,
signifying
that
he
was
well
,
and
giving
Order
that
they
should
turn
back
to
their
respective
Governments
,
and
expressing
also
,
that
he
would
forget
all
that
had
passed
hitherto
.
All
his
Letters
were
not
able
to
hinder
their
advance
;
and
as
the
sickness
of
Chah-Jehan
did
still
pass
for
mortal
,
there
being
no
persons
wanting
to
bring
and
spread
such
News
,
they
still
continued
to
dissemble
,
giving
out
,
that
they
were
Letters
counterfeited
by
Dara
;
that
Chah-Jehan
was
dead
indeed
;
but
that
,
in
case
he
were
alive
,
they
would
go
to
kiss
his
Feet
,
and
deliver
him
from
the
hands
of
Dara
.
What
then
should
Chah-Jehan
,
this
unfortunate
King
,
do
,
who
seeth
,
that
his
Sons
have
no
regard
to
his
Orders
;
who
is
informed
at
all
hours
,
that
they
march
apace
towards
Agra
in
the
head
of
their
Armies
,
and
who
in
this
conjuncture
finds
himself
sick
to
boot
in
the
hands
of
Dara
,
that
is
,
of
a
man
who
breatheth
nothing
but
War
;
who
prepareth
for
it
with
all
imaginable
earnestness
,
and
with
all
the
marks
of
an
enraged
resentment
against
his
Brothers
?
But
what
could
he
do
in
this
extremity
?
He
is
constrained
to
abandon
to
them
his
Treasures
,
and
to
leave
them
to
their
disposal
.
He
is
forced
to
send
for
his
old
and
most
trusty
Captains
,
whom
he
knows
for
the
most
part
to
be
not
very
affectionate
to
Dara
;
he
must
command
them
to
fight
for
Dara
,
against
his
own
Blood
,
his
own
Children
,
and
those
,
for
whom
he
hath
more
esteem
than
for
Dara
;
he
is
obliged
forthwith
to
send
an
Army
against
Sultan
Sujah
,
because
't
is
he
that
is
most
advanced
;
and
he
is
to
send
another
against
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
,
who
no
less
are
marching
towards
him
.
Soliman
Chekouh
,
the
eldest
Son
of
Dara
,
a
young
Prince
of
about
Five
and
twenty
years
of
Age
,
very
proper
of
Body
,
and
of
good
Parts
and
Conduct
,
generous
,
liberal
,
and
universally
beloved
,
especially
of
Chah-Jehan
,
who
had
already
enriched
him
,
and
who
considered
him
rather
for
his
Successour
than
Dara
,
was
he
,
that
was
made
General
of
this
Army
against
Sujah
.
Nevertheless
Chah-Jehan
,
who
wished
much
rather
,
that
Sujah
were
return'd
to
Bengale
,
than
that
the
matter
should
be
tryed
by
a
bloody
Combat
,
which
could
not
be
but
very
Tragical
,
and
wherein
he
run
the
hazard
of
losing
one
or
other
of
his
Sons
,
gave
him
for
Companion
an
Ancient
Raja
,
called
Jesseigne
,
who
is
at
present
one
of
the
powerfullest
and
richest
Rajas
of
all
Indostan
,
and
one
the
ablest
in
the
whole
Kingdom
,
with
a
secret
Order
not
to
fight
,
except
it
were
altogether
unavoidable
;
as
also
to
endeavour
by
all
means
to
induce
Sujah
to
retire
,
and
to
reserve
his
Forces
for
a
better
occasion
;
that
is
to
say
,
after
they
should
have
seen
the
event
of
the
sickness
of
Chah-Jehan
and
the
success
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
of
Morad-Bache
.
But
this
young
Prince
,
Soliman
Chekouh
,
full
of
heat
and
courage
,
breathing
after
nothing
but
to
signalize
himself
by
some
great
action
,
and
Sultan
Sujah
fearing
lest
Aureng-Zebe
gaining
a
Battel
should
first
make
himself
Master
of
the
Capital
Towns
of
the
Empire
,
Agra
and
Dehly
;
it
was
impossible
for
the
Raja
Jesseigne
to
keep
them
from
a
Combat
.
The
two
Armies
are
no
sooner
in
sight
of
one
another
,
but
they
prepare
to
fall
on
,
and
they
were
not
long
from
giving
some
Vollies
of
Cannon
.
I
shall
not
relate
the
particulars
of
this
Fight
,
for
,
besides
that
the
narration
of
it
would
be
too
long
and
tedious
,
in
the
sequel
of
this
History
we
shall
be
obliged
to
describe
more
considerable
ones
,
by
which
the
Reader
will
be
able
to
judge
of
this
.
'T
is
sufficient
to
know
in
general
,
that
the
first
onset
was
very
sharp
and
obstinate
on
both
sides
,
but
that
at
length
Soliman
Chekouh
did
urge
Sujah
with
that
force
and
vigour
,
that
he
disorder'd
him
,
and
made
him
fly
:
So
that
if
Jesseigne
,
and
the
Patan
Delil-kan
,
who
was
one
of
the
first
Captains
and
a
valiant
Man
,
but
an
intimate
Friend
of
the
Raja
,
and
did
not
act
but
being
moved
by
him
,
had
seconded
him
in
good
earnest
,
't
is
thought
that
the
whole
Army
of
Sujah
would
have
been
defeated
,
and
himself
in
danger
of
being
taken
:
But
that
was
not
the
Design
of
the
Raja
to
destroy
him
,
no
more
than
it
was
that
of
Chah-Jehan
,
who
had
given
him
order
to
the
contrary
.
Thus
then
had
Sujah
time
to
retreat
,
and
that
without
losing
any
considerable
number
of
his
Men
;
yet
because
Soliman
Chekouh
kept
the
field
,
and
brought
away
some
pieces
of
Artillery
,
it
was
presently
bruited
at
Court
,
Sujah
had
been
totally
overthrown
.
This
Defeat
purchased
great
reputation
to
Soliman
Chekouh
,
lessen'd
much
the
esteem
of
Sultan
Sujah
,
and
cooled
exceedingly
all
the
Persians
that
had
an
inclination
for
him
.
After
that
some
days
were
spent
in
the
pursuit
of
Sujah
,
the
Prince
Soliman
Chekouh
,
who
every
day
received
News
from
the
Court
,
and
who
learned
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
did
approach
with
great
resolution
,
well
knowing
,
that
his
Father
Dara
had
no
great
stock
of
prudence
,
but
good
store
of
secret
Enemies
,
resolved
to
quit
the
pursuit
of
Sultan
Sujah
,
and
with
all
speed
to
return
to
Agra
,
where
in
all
appearance
Dara
was
to
give
Battel
against
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
.
This
was
the
best
counsel
he
could
take
,
for
no
man
doubts
,
that
if
he
could
have
been
there
in
good
time
,
Aureng-Zebe
would
not
have
had
the
advantage
;
and
't
is
even
believed
,
he
would
never
have
hazarded
the
Combat
,
the
party
being
too
unequal
;
but
the
bad
fortune
of
Dara
did
not
permit
it
.
Whilst
all
that
was
thus
transacted
toward
Elabas
,
which
is
the
place
where
the
Gemna
is
joyned
to
Ganges
;
the
Scene
was
very
different
on
the
side
of
Agra
.
At
the
Court
they
were
much
surprised
to
hear
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
had
passed
the
River
of
Brampour
,
and
all
the
other
passages
that
were
most
difficult
between
the
Mountains
;
so
that
with
all
haste
they
sent
away
some
Troops
to
dispute
with
him
the
passage
of
the
River
Eugenes
,
whilst
the
whole
Army
was
making
ready
.
For
which
purpose
,
there
were
chosen
two
of
the
most
considerable
and
the
most
powerful
of
the
Kingdom
to
command
it
;
the
one
was
Kasem-Kan
,
a
renowned
Captain
and
very
affectionate
to
Chah-Jehan
,
but
one
that
had
no
great
inclination
to
Dara
,
and
who
went
not
but
to
oblige
Chah-Jehan
,
whom
he
saw
in
the
hands
of
Dara
:
The
other
was
Jessomseigne
,
a
potent
Raja
,
not
inferiour
to
Jesseigne
,
and
Son-in-law
to
that
Raja
Rana
,
who
was
at
the
time
of
Ekbar
so
puissant
,
as
if
he
had
been
the
Emperour
of
the
Raja's
.
Dara
at
their
farewel
expressed
to
them
great
kindness
,
and
presented
them
nobly
;
but
Chah
Jehan
took
his
time
,
before
their
departure
,
to
charge
them
in
secret
,
as
he
had
done
the
Raja
Jesseigne
,
when
he
went
away
in
the
Expedition
against
Sultan
Suiah
with
Soliman
Chekouh
.
Neither
were
they
wanting
,
in
their
March
,
to
send
several
times
to
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
,
to
perswade
them
to
turn
back
:
But
this
was
in
vain
;
their
Envoys
came
not
again
,
and
the
Army
advanced
with
that
diligence
,
that
they
saw
it
much
sooner
than
they
thought
upon
a
rising
ground
,
not
far
remote
from
the
River
.
It
being
then
Summer
,
and
the
season
of
the
greatest
heats
,
the
River
was
fordable
;
which
was
the
cause
,
that
at
the
same
time
Kasem-Kan
and
the
Raja
prepared
themselves
to
give
Battel
;
besides
that
,
they
soon
knew
the
resolution
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
that
he
would
force
them
,
since
that
,
although
his
Army
was
not
all
come
up
,
he
gave
them
some
Vollies
of
Cannon
;
his
design
being
to
amuse
them
,
fearing
lest
they
themselves
should
pass
the
River
,
not
only
to
prevent
his
passage
,
but
also
to
hinder
his
Army
from
reposing
,
and
from
taking
an
advantageous
post
;
which
was
indeed
in
great
disorder
,
and
so
tired
by
their
March
,
and
so
faint
by
the
heat
,
that
if
at
the
very
first
it
had
been
assaulted
,
and
kept
from
passing
the
Water
,
it
would
doubtless
have
been
routed
without
much
resistance
.
[
I
was
not
by
in
this
first
Encounter
,
but
thus
it
was
generally
discoursed
of
,
and
it
agreeth
with
the
after-relation
of
many
of
our
French-men
,
who
served
Aureng-Zebe
in
the
Artillery
.
]
But
they
were
content
to
stay
at
the
River-side
,
to
keep
Aureng-Zebe
from
passing
it
,
according
to
the
Order
they
had
received
.
After
that
Aureng-Zebe
had
let
his
Army
rest
two
or
three
days
,
and
by
amusing
the
Enemy
,
had
fitted
it
to
pass
the
River
,
he
made
his
whole
Artillery
play
,
which
was
very
well
placed
;
and
he
commanded
,
that
under
the
favour
of
the
Cannon
they
should
pass
the
River
.
Kasem-Kan
and
the
Raja
,
on
their
part
,
discharged
theirs
also
,
and
did
what
they
could
to
repulse
the
Enemy
,
and
to
keep
him
from
passing
.
The
Combat
was
sharp
enough
at
first
,
and
very
obstinately
maintained
by
the
extraordinary
Valour
of
Jessomseigne
.
For
as
to
Kasem-Kan
,
although
a
great
Captain
,
and
a
stout
Man
,
he
gave
no
great
proof
of
his
Valour
in
this
occasion
;
yea
,
some
accuse
him
of
Treachery
,
charging
him
that
he
had
in
the
night
caused
the
Bullets
and
Powder
to
be
hid
under
the
Sand
,
there
being
no
more
of
them
to
be
found
after
two
or
three
discharges
.
However
it
be
,
the
Combat
for
all
that
was
,
as
I
said
,
very
resolutely
carried
on
,
and
the
passage
long
disputed
.
There
were
Rocks
in
the
Bed
of
the
River
,
which
did
much
embarass
,
and
the
Banks
in
many
places
were
very
high
and
difficult
to
climb
up
.
But
at
last
,
Morad-Bakche
cast
himself
into
the
water
with
so
much
resolution
and
force
,
and
shew'd
so
much
valour
and
boldness
,
that
there
was
no
resisting
of
him
.
He
passed
over
,
and
with
him
a
good
part
of
the
Army
,
which
made
Kasem-Kan
to
give
back
,
and
cast
Jessomseigne
into
great
danger
of
his
person
.
For
by
and
by
he
found
the
whole
Body
of
the
Enemy
upon
him
,
and
without
the
extraordinary
resolution
of
his
Ragipous
,
who
almost
all
were
killed
about
him
,
he
had
been
a
dead
man.
One
may
judge
of
the
great
danger
he
was
in
upon
this
occasion
,
by
this
,
that
after
he
had
disengaged
himself
as
well
as
he
could
,
and
was
come
back
to
his
own
,
not
daring
to
return
to
Agra
,
because
of
the
great
loss
he
had
suffered
,
of
seven
or
eight
thousand
Ragipous
he
had
but
five
or
six
hundred
of
them
remaining
.
These
Ragipous
,
who
take
their
name
from
the
Rajas
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
Children
of
the
Rajas
,
are
from
Father
to
Son
such
Men
as
make
the
Sword
their
Profession
.
The
Rajas
,
whose
Subjects
they
are
,
do
assign
them
Lands
for
their
subsistence
,
on
condition
to
be
always
ready
to
go
to
War
when
summoned
.
So
that
one
might
say
,
that
they
were
a
sort
of
Pagan
Nobles
,
if
the
Rajas
gave
them
their
Lands
in
propriety
for
them
and
their
Children
.
They
are
great
takers
of
Opium
;
and
I
have
sometimes
wondred
at
the
quantity
I
have
seen
them
take
:
They
accustom
themselves
to
it
from
their
youth
.
On
the
day
of
Battel
they
double
the
Dose
,
this
Drug
animating
,
or
rather
inebriating
them
,
and
making
them
insensible
of
danger
;
insomuch
that
they
cast
themselves
into
the
Combat
like
so
many
furious
Beasts
,
not
knowing
what
it
is
to
run
away
,
but
dying
at
the
feet
of
their
Raja
,
when
he
stands
to
it
.
They
want
nothing
but
Order
,
Resolution
they
have
enough
.
'T
is
a
pleasure
thus
to
see
them
,
with
the
fume
of
Opium
in
their
head
,
to
embrace
one
another
,
when
the
Battel
is
to
begin
,
and
to
give
their
mutual
Farewels
,
as
Men
resolved
to
dye
.
And
that
they
do
for
this
reason
;
that
the
Great
Mogol
,
though
a
Mahumetan
,
and
by
consequence
an
Enemy
of
the
Heathen
,
yet
for
all
that
entertains
always
a
good
number
of
Rajas
in
his
service
,
whom
he
considers
as
his
other
Omrahs
,
and
imploys
in
his
Armies
as
if
they
were
Mahumetans
.
I
cannot
forbear
to
relate
here
the
fierce
reception
,
which
the
Daughter
of
the
Rana
gave
to
her
Husband
Jessomseigne
,
after
his
defeat
and
flight
.
When
she
heard
that
he
was
nigh
,
and
had
understood
what
had
passed
in
the
Battel
;
that
he
had
fought
with
all
possible
courage
,
that
he
had
but
four
or
five
hundred
Men
left
;
and
that
at
last
,
not
being
able
to
resist
any
longer
the
Enemy
,
he
had
been
obliged
to
retreat
:
She
,
in
stead
of
sending
one
to
receive
him
,
and
to
console
him
in
his
misfortunes
,
commanded
in
a
dry
mood
to
shut
the
Gates
of
the
Castle
,
and
not
to
let
this
infamous
Man
enter
;
that
he
was
not
her
Husband
;
that
she
would
never
see
him
;
that
the
Son-in-law
of
the
Great
Rana
,
could
not
have
so
low
a
Soul
;
that
he
was
to
remember
,
that
being
grafted
into
so
Illustrious
an
House
,
he
was
to
imitate
the
Virtue
of
it
;
and
,
in
a
word
,
that
he
was
either
to
vanquish
or
to
dye
.
A
moment
after
she
was
of
another
humour
;
she
commands
a
Pile
of
Wood
to
be
laid
,
that
she
might
burn
her self
,
that
they
abus'd
her
;
that
her
Husband
must
needs
be
dead
;
that
it
could
not
be
otherwise
.
And
a
little
while
after
this
,
she
was
seen
to
change
her
countenance
,
to
fall
into
passion
,
and
to
break
out
into
a
thousand
reproaches
against
him
.
In
short
,
she
remained
thus
transported
eight
or
nine
days
,
without
being
able
to
resolve
to
see
her
Husband
,
'till
at
last
her
Mother
coming
in
,
brought
her
in
some
degree
to
her self
,
and
comforted
her
,
assuring
her
,
that
as
soon
as
the
Raja
had
but
a
little
refresh'd
himself
,
he
would
raise
another
Army
,
to
fight
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
repair
his
Honour
at
any
rate
.
By
which
story
one
may
see
a
pattern
of
the
Courage
of
the
Women
in
that
Countrey
:
To
which
I
could
add
something
I
have
seen
some
of
them
do
,
who
burned
themselves
alive
after
the
death
of
their
Husbands
;
but
we
must
reserve
this
Discourse
for
another
place
,
where
I
shall
also
shew
,
that
there
is
nothing
which
opinion
,
prepossession
,
custom
,
hope
,
and
the
point
of
honour
,
&c.
may
not
make
Men
do
or
suffer
.
Dara
having
understood
what
had
passed
at
Eugenes
,
fell
into
that
choler
against
Kasem-Kan
,
that
it
was
thought
he
would
have
cut
off
his
Head
,
if
he
had
been
upon
the
place
.
He
was
also
transported
against
Emir-Jemla
,
as
the
Person
that
was
the
first
and
principal
Cause
of
the
Misfortune
,
and
who
had
furnish'd
Aureng-Zebe
with
Men
,
Money
,
and
Cannon
.
He
is
ready
to
kill
his
Son
Mahmet
Emir-Kan
,
and
will
send
his
Wife
and
Daughter
to
Basar
,
or
the
Market-place
of
prostituted
Women
;
and
't
is
past
doubt
,
that
he
would
have
done
some
such
thing
,
if
Chah-Jehan
,
with
much
art
and
prudence
,
had
not
moderated
the
excess
of
his
passion
,
in
remonstrating
to
him
,
that
Emir-Jemla
had
not
so
little
conduct
,
nor
so
great
a
Friendship
for
Aureng-Zebe
,
as
to
hazard
,
and
in
a
manner
to
sacrifice
his
Family
,
for
the
advancing
of
his
Interest
;
that
Aureng-Zebe
must
needs
have
gulled
and
ensnared
him
,
by
his
usual
artifice
and
cunning
.
As
for
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
,
the
happy
success
of
this
first
Encounter
did
so
swell
their
hearts
,
and
gave
such
Courage
to
their
whole
Army
,
that
henceforth
they
believed
themselves
invincible
,
and
capable
to
compass
any
thing
.
Besides
,
Aureng-Zebe
,
the
more
to
animate
his
Souldiers
,
bragged
openly
,
that
he
had
Thirty
thousand
Mogols
at
his
devotion
in
the
Army
of
Dara
;
and
there
was
something
in
it
,
as
appeared
by
the
sequel
.
Morad-Bakche
was
for
nothing
but
fighting
,
and
would
march
with
all
diligence
.
But
Aureng-Zebe
represented
to
him
,
that
it
was
necessary
the
Army
should
refresh
themselves
for
some
time
upon
the
Banks
of
this
sweet
River
;
that
in
the
mean
time
he
would
write
to
all
his
Friends
,
and
get
a
full
and
certain
information
of
the
state
of
the
Court
,
and
of
the
condition
of
all
Affairs
.
So
that
he
marched
not
towards
Agra
,
'till
he
had
rested
some
days
,
and
after
that
he
marched
but
slowly
,
to
inform
himself
of
all
,
and
to
take
his
time
and
measures
.
Concerning
Chah-Jehan
,
when
he
plainly
saw
the
resolution
of
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
,
and
that
there
was
no
hope
left
to
make
them
turn
back
,
he
was
in
such
a
perplexity
,
that
he
knew
not
what
to
resolve
,
and
foreseeing
some
great
calamity
,
he
would
fain
have
hindred
the
last
decisive
Battel
,
for
which
he
saw
Dara
preparing
himself
with
great
eagerness
.
But
what
could
he
do
to
oppose
it
?
He
was
yet
too
weak
of
his
sickness
,
and
saw
himself
still
in
the
hands
of
Dara
,
whom
,
as
I
have
said
,
he
trusted
not
much
:
So
that
he
found
himself
obliged
to
acquiesce
in
his
Will
,
and
to
commit
to
him
all
the
Forces
of
the
Empire
,
and
to
command
all
Captains
to
obey
him
.
Immediately
all
was
in
Arms
:
I
know
not
,
whether
there
was
ever
a
more
gallant
Army
seen
in
Indostan
.
'T
is
said
,
that
there
were
little
less
than
an
hundred
thousand
Horse
,
and
twenty
thousand
Foot
,
with
four
thousand
peeces
of
Cannon
,
without
reckoning
the
incredible
number
of
Servants
,
Followers
,
Victuallers
,
whom
Historians
me
thinks
do
often
put
into
the
number
of
the
Combatants
,
when
they
speak
of
those
formidable
Armies
of
three
or
four
hundred
thousand
Men
,
of
which
their
Books
are
full
.
Though
this
Army
was
very
brave
,
and
strong
enough
to
cut
in
pieces
two
or
three
of
such
as
Aureng-Zebe
had
,
in
which
there
were
no
more
than
thirty
five
or
forty
thousand
Men
in
all
,
and
these
tired
and
harassed
by
a
very
long
and
irksom
March
,
during
the
height
of
the
Heats
;
and
but
a
small
number
of
Cannon
,
in
respect
of
that
of
Dara
.
Mean
time
(
which
seems
hard
to
believe
)
there
was
scarce
any
Body
that
presaged
well
for
Dara
,
all
knowing
,
that
most
of
the
chief
Omrahs
had
no
affection
for
him
,
and
that
all
the
good
Souldiers
that
were
for
him
,
and
whom
he
might
confide
in
,
were
in
the
Army
of
Soliman
Chekouh
,
his
Son.
And
't
was
for
this
reason
,
that
the
most
prudent
and
the
most
faithful
of
his
Friends
,
and
Chah-Jehan
himself
,
counselled
him
,
not
to
hazard
a
Battel
:
Chah-Jehan
offering
,
as
infirm
as
he
was
,
that
he
would
go
into
the
Field
himself
,
and
be
carried
before
Aureng-Zebe
,
to
interpose
;
which
was
looked
upon
as
a
very
good
Expedient
for
Peace
,
and
for
accomodating
the
Affairs
of
Chah-Jehan
.
For
't
is
certain
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
,
would
never
have
had
the
boldness
to
fight
against
their
own
Father
;
and
if
they
should
have
attempted
it
,
they
would
have
smarted
for
it
,
because
,
besides
that
the
match
was
not
equal
,
and
all
the
great
Omrahs
were
so
affectionate
to
Chah-Jehan
,
that
they
would
not
have
failed
to
fight
resolutely
,
if
they
had
seen
him
in
the
head
of
the
Army
;
besides
this
,
I
say
,
the
Captains
themselves
of
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
,
bore
great
affection
and
respect
to
this
Prince
,
whose
Creatures
they
most
were
;
and
the
whole
Army
,
in
a
manner
,
was
his
.
So
that
in
all
appearance
,
not
one
of
them
would
have
presumed
to
draw
his
Sword
against
him
,
nor
he
been
at
the
pains
of
drawing
his
.
Then
they
advised
Dara
,
that
if
he
would
not
hearken
to
this
Expedient
,
he
should
at
least
not
precipitate
the
business
,
but
delay
,
'till
Soliman
Chekouh
,
who
made
all
haste
to
joyn
,
were
come
in
.
Which
was
also
very
good
counsel
,
in
regard
that
that
Prince
was
beloved
of
all
,
and
was
lately
come
home
victorious
,
and
had
the
most
faithful
and
the
bravest
Souldiers
with
him
.
But
Dara
would
never
hearken
to
any
proposition
that
could
be
made
to
him
,
and
he
thought
on
nothing
else
but
to
give
Battel
presently
,
and
to
go
against
Aureng-Zebe
in
person
.
And
possibly
he
did
not
amiss
,
as
to
his
own
Honour
and
particular
Interest
,
if
he
could
have
commanded
Fortune
,
and
made
things
succeed
as
he
contrived
them
.
For
the
Considerations
he
had
(
as
he
could
not
forbear
now
and
then
to
discover
)
were
some
such
as
these
:
He
looked
upon
himself
as
Master
of
the
Person
of
Chah-Jehan
;
that
he
could
dispose
of
him
as
he
pleased
;
that
he
was
also
Possessor
of
all
the
Treasures
and
Forces
of
the
Empire
;
that
Sultan
Sujah
was
half
ruined
;
that
his
two
other
Brothers
,
with
a
weak
and
tired
Army
,
were
come
to
cast
themselves
into
his
hands
;
that
,
if
he
gained
the
Battel
,
they
could
not
escape
him
;
that
he
should
all
at
once
be
absolute
Master
,
and
at
the
end
of
all
his
troubles
,
and
at
the
height
of
his
wishes
,
so
as
no
body
could
contradict
him
in
any
thing
,
or
dispute
the
Crown
with
him
.
Whereas
if
Chah-Jehan
should
take
the
Field
,
all
Affairs
would
be
accommodated
,
his
Brothers
would
return
to
their
Governments
,
Chah-Jehan
,
who
began
to
recover
his
health
,
would
resume
the
Government
as
before
,
and
all
things
would
return
into
their
first
channel
:
That
,
if
he
should
stay
for
Soliman
Chekouh
,
his
Son
,
Chah-Jehan
might
take
some
Design
to
his
disadvantage
,
or
contrive
something
with
Aureng-Zebe
;
that
whatever
he
could
do
for
gaining
the
Victory
,
the
Reputation
,
which
Soliman
Chekouh
had
purchased
,
would
still
give
him
all
the
honour
of
it
.
And
after
that
,
what
would
not
he
be
capable
to
undertake
,
swelled
with
so
much
glory
and
success
,
and
especially
being
supported
,
as
he
was
,
by
the
favour
and
affection
of
Chah-Jehan
,
and
of
the
greatest
part
of
the
Omrahs
?
What
did
he
know
,
whether
he
would
keep
any
modesty
,
or
any
respect
for
him
,
and
whether
his
Ambition
might
not
carry
him
?
These
Considerations
made
Dara
resolve
to
stand
out
against
the
counsel
of
all
,
and
to
pursue
his
point
.
And
for
that
purpose
,
he
commanded
immediately
the
whole
Army
to
take
the
Field
,
and
thereupon
came
to
take
leave
of
Chah-Jehan
,
who
was
in
the
Fortress
of
Agra
.
This
good
old
Man
was
ready
to
melt
in
tears
,
when
he
embraced
him
;
but
withall
failed
not
to
represent
to
him
,
with
a
very
grave
countenance
:
Well
,
Dara
,
since
thou
art
resolved
to
follow
thine
own
will
,
go
,
God
bless
thee
,
but
remember
well
these
few
words
;
If
thou
losest
the
Battel
,
take
heed
of
ever
coming
into
my
Presence
.
But
this
made
no
great
impression
upon
him
;
he
goeth
forth
briskly
,
taketh
horse
,
and
seizeth
on
the
Passage
of
the
River
Tchembel
,
which
is
about
Twenty
Miles
from
Agra
;
where
he
fortified
himself
,
expecting
his
Enemy
.
But
the
subtile
and
crafty
Fakire
,
who
wanted
no
good
Spies
,
and
people
that
gave
him
intelligence
of
all
,
and
who
knew
that
the
Passage
was
there
very
difficult
,
took
good
heed
to
attempt
the
forcing
it
.
He
came
to
encamp
himself
near
it
,
so
that
from
the
Camp
of
Dara
one
might
discover
his
Tents
.
But
what
doth
he
in
the
mean
time
?
He
inveagles
a
certain
Rebel
of
Raja
,
called
Chempet
,
presents
him
richly
,
and
promiseth
him
a
thousand
fine
things
,
if
he
would
let
him
pass
thorough
his
Territories
,
that
so
he
might
go
with
speed
to
gain
a
certain
place
,
where
he
knew
that
the
River
might
be
passed
on
foot
with
ease
.
Chempet
agreeth
,
and
offers
of
his
own
accord
,
that
he
would
himself
attend
him
,
and
shew
him
the
way
through
the
Woods
and
Hills
of
his
Countrey
.
Aureng-Zebe
raised
his
Camp
the
same
night
,
without
any
noise
,
leaving
some
of
his
Tents
to
amuse
Dara
,
and
marching
night
and
day
,
made
such
haste
,
that
he
was
almost
as
soon
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
,
as
Dara
could
have
notice
of
it
.
Which
obliged
Dara
to
abandon
the
River
there
,
and
to
leave
all
his
Fortifications
,
and
to
follow
his
Enemy
▪
who
,
he
was
told
,
did
advance
with
great
diligence
towards
Agra
,
to
gain
the
River
of
Gemna
,
and
there
without
trouble
,
and
at
his
ease
,
to
enjoy
the
water
,
to
fortifie
,
and
to
fix
himself
well
,
and
so
to
expect
Dara
.
The
place
where
he
encamped
is
but
five
leagues
from
Agra
,
it
was
formerly
called
Samonguer
,
and
now
Fateabad
,
which
is
to
say
,
Place
of
Victory
.
A
little
while
after
,
Dara
also
came
to
encamp
there
,
nigh
the
Bank
of
the
same
River
,
between
Agra
and
the
Army
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
The
two
Armies
were
there
between
three
and
four
days
in
sight
of
one
another
,
without
fighting
.
Mean
time
Chah-Jehan
wrote
several
Letters
to
Dara
,
that
Soliman
Chekouh
was
not
far
off
;
that
he
should
not
precipitate
;
that
he
should
come
near
Agra
,
and
chuse
an
advantageous
place
to
fortifie
himself
'till
he
came
.
But
Dara
answer'd
,
that
before
three
days
were
passed
,
he
would
bring
to
him
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
tyed
hand
and
foot
,
to
do
with
them
what
he
should
think
fit
.
And
without
expecting
any
longer
,
he
began
at
that
very
hour
to
put
his
Army
in
Battel
array
.
He
placed
in
the
Front
all
his
Cannon
,
causing
them
to
be
tyed
the
one
to
the
other
with
Chains
,
to
shut
the
passage
to
the
Cavalry
.
Behind
these
Peeces
of
Cannon
,
he
placed
also
front-wise
a
great
number
of
light
Camels
,
on
the
forepart
of
the
Bodies
whereof
they
fasten
a
small
Peece
,
of
the
bigness
of
a
double
Musquet
;
a
Man
sitting
on
the
hind-part
of
the
Camel
,
being
able
to
charge
and
discharge
without
lighting
.
Behind
these
Camels
stood
the
greatest
part
of
the
Musqueteers
.
Of
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
which
chiefly
consisted
in
Cavalry
,
furnish'd
with
Bows
and
Arrows
,
(
as
ordinarily
are
the
Mogols
,
that
is
,
at
present
,
white
Men
,
Mahumetans
,
strangers
,
as
Persians
,
Turks
,
Arabians
,
and
Usbecks
;
)
or
with
a
Sword
,
and
a
kind
of
Half-pike
,
as
commonly
are
the
Ragipous
:
Of
all
these
,
I
say
,
there
were
made
three
different
Bodies
.
The
right
Wing
was
committed
to
Calil-ullah-Kan
,
with
Thirty
Thousand
Mogols
under
his
Command
;
for
he
was
made
Great
Bakchis
,
that
is
,
Great
Master
of
the
Cavalry
,
in
the
place
of
Danechmend-Kan
,
that
was
afterwards
my
Agah
,
who
voluntarily
resigned
this
Office
,
seeing
that
he
was
not
well
beloved
of
Dara
,
for
having
always
highly
maintained
against
him
the
Interest
and
Authority
of
Chah-Jehan
.
The
left
Wing
was
given
to
Rustam-Kan
Dakny
,
a
very
renowned
and
very
valiant
Captain
,
together
with
the
Raja
Chatresale
,
and
the
Raja
Ramseigne
Routlé
.
On
the
other
side
,
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
put
also
their
Army
almost
into
the
same
Order
;
except
that
in
the
midst
of
the
Troops
of
some
Omrahs
,
they
had
hid
some
small
Field-Peeces
,
which
was
,
as
was
said
,
after
the
way
and
Art
of
Emir-Jemla
,
and
with
no
ill
effect
.
They
hardly
made
use
of
any
more
Art
,
than
what
hath
been
now
related
;
only
they
placed
here
and
there
some
Men
casting
Bannes
,
which
is
a
kind
of
Granado
fastened
to
a
stick
,
that
may
be
cast
very
far
through
the
Cavalry
,
and
which
extremely
terrifieth
Horses
,
and
even
hurts
and
kills
sometimes
.
All
this
Cavalry
turns
about
very
easily
,
and
they
draw
their
Arrows
with
marvellous
swiftness
;
one
Man
being
able
to
draw
six
of
them
,
before
a
Musqueteer
can
twice
discharge
his
Musquet
.
The
same
Cavalry
keeps
also
very
close
in
several
Troops
under
their
respective
Officers
,
especially
when
they
are
going
to
fight
hand
to
hand
.
But
after
all
,
I
see
not
,
that
this
way
of
putting
an
Army
in
array
,
is
any
great
matter
,
in
comparison
of
our
Armies
,
when
in
good
order
.
All
things
being
thus
disposed
,
the
Artillery
began
to
play
on
both
sides
;
for
't
is
always
the
Cannon
that
makes
the
prelude
amongst
them
;
and
the
Arrows
were
now
seen
to
fly
through
the
Air
,
when
unexpectedly
there
happen'd
to
fall
a
Storm
of
Rain
,
so
violent
,
that
it
interrupted
the
Combat
.
The
Rain
ceasing
,
the
Cannon
began
afresh
to
roar
;
and
then
it
was
that
Dara
appeared
,
who
being
mounted
upon
a
proud
Elephant
of
Ceilau
,
commanded
that
an
Onset
should
be
made
on
all
sides
;
and
himself
advanced
into
the
midst
of
the
Body
of
the
Cavalry
,
directly
towards
the
Enemies
Artillery
,
who
received
him
warmly
,
kill'd
store
of
Men
about
him
,
and
put
into
disorder
,
not
only
the
Main
Body
which
he
commanded
,
but
also
the
other
Bodies
of
the
Cavalry
that
followed
him
.
Yet
notwithstanding
,
because
he
was
seen
to
keep
firm
upon
his
Elephant
,
without
any
appearance
of
giving
back
,
and
was
observed
to
look
every
where
about
him
with
an
undaunted
look
,
and
to
make
signs
with
his
hands
to
advance
and
to
follow
him
,
this
disorder
soon
ceased
,
every
one
resuming
his
Rank
,
and
advancing
in
the
same
pace
with
Dara
.
But
he
could
not
reach
the
Enemy
,
without
receiving
another
Volley
of
Cannon-shot
,
which
caused
a
second
and
great
disorder
in
his
Men
,
and
made
a
good
part
of
them
recoyl
;
yet
he
,
without
any
change
in
his
countenance
,
stood
to
it
,
encouraging
his
Troops
,
and
gave
still
signs
,
that
they
should
follow
him
,
and
advance
with
speed
without
any
loss
of
time
.
Thus
pressing
vigorously
forward
,
he
forced
the
Enemies
Artillery
,
broke
the
Chains
,
entred
into
their
Camp
,
and
made
a
Rout
in
their
Camels
and
Infantry
,
and
in
every
thing
he
met
with
on
that
side
;
opening
also
a
good
passage
to
the
Cavalry
that
followed
him
.
Then
it
was
,
that
the
Enemies
Cavalry
facing
him
,
a
sore
Combat
began
.
A
showre
of
Arrows
fill'd
the
Air
from
both
sides
,
Dara
himself
putting
his
hand
to
that
work
:
But
,
to
say
truth
,
these
Arrows
do
but
little
execution
;
more
of
them
are
lost
in
the
Air
,
or
broken
on
the
ground
,
than
hit
.
The
first
Discharges
of
Arrows
being
made
,
they
fought
hand
to
hand
with
their
Sables
,
pesle
mesle
,
and
the
Combat
was
stoutly
maintain'd
on
both
sides
.
Dara
is
still
seen
to
continue
firm
on
his
Elephant
,
encouraging
,
making
a
noise
,
and
giving
signs
on
all
sides
;
and
at
last
advancing
with
so
much
resolution
and
force
,
against
all
that
opposed
him
in
his
March
,
that
he
overthrew
the
Cavalry
,
and
made
them
to
retire
and
run
away
.
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
was
not
far
from
thence
,
and
mounted
also
on
an
Elephant
,
seeing
this
great
disorder
,
was
in
great
trouble
,
and
laboured
with
all
his
might
to
remedy
it
;
but
to
no
purpose
.
He
made
the
Main
Body
of
his
best
Cavalry
advance
,
to
try
whether
he
could
make
head
against
Dara
;
but
it
was
not
long
before
this
Body
also
was
forced
to
give
back
,
and
to
retreat
in
great
disorder
,
whatever
Aureng-Zebe
could
say
or
do
to
hinder
it
.
Mean
time
let
us
take
notice
of
his
courage
and
resolution
:
He
saw
that
almost
the
whole
Body
of
his
Army
was
disordered
,
and
in
a
flying
posture
,
in
so
much
that
he
had
not
a
thousand
Men
about
him
that
kept
their
standing
;
(
some
told
me
,
that
there
were
scarce
five
hundred
:
)
He
saw
,
that
Dara
,
notwithstanding
the
difficulty
of
the
way
,
which
was
uneven
,
and
full
of
holes
in
divers
places
,
made
as
if
he
would
rush
in
upon
him
:
Yet
,
for
all
this
,
he
lost
no
courage
,
and
was
so
far
from
being
struck
with
fear
,
or
from
retreating
,
that
he
stood
firmly
to
it
,
and
called
by
name
most
of
his
Captains
that
were
about
him
,
crying
out
to
them
,
Delirane
Kodahé
,
(
these
are
his
own
words
,
)
that
is
,
Courage
my
old
Friends
,
God
is
:
What
hope
is
there
in
flying
?
Know
you
not
,
where
is
our
Decan
?
Kodahé
,
Kodahé
,
God
is
,
God
is
.
And
that
none
might
doubt
of
his
being
undaunted
,
and
that
he
thought
on
nothing
less
than
running
away
,
he
commanded
before
them
all
(
oh
strange
extremity
!
)
that
forthwith
Chains
should
be
fastened
to
the
feet
of
his
Elephant
;
and
was
going
to
fasten
them
in
good
earnest
,
but
that
they
all
declared
their
courage
and
resolution
,
to
live
and
dye
with
him
.
Dara
in
the
interim
endeavoured
to
advance
upon
Aureng-Zebe
,
though
he
was
yet
at
a
good
distance
from
him
,
and
though
the
difficulty
of
the
way
embarassed
and
retarded
him
much
;
he
meeting
also
with
some
resistance
,
even
from
those
disordered
Horse
of
the
Enemy
,
that
cover'd
all
high
and
low
places
where
he
was
to
March.
And
this
Encounter
with
Aureng-Zebe
was
looked
upon
as
the
thing
,
that
was
to
assure
Dara
of
the
Victory
,
and
to
decide
the
Battel
.
And
doubtless
,
he
would
have
overcome
all
these
difficulties
,
and
Aureng-Zebe
,
with
the
small
number
left
him
,
would
not
have
been
able
to
bid
head
to
this
victorious
Army
,
if
Dara
had
known
how
to
profit
of
the
prise
he
had
in
his
hands
.
But
here
he
failed
;
of
which
I
shall
now
shew
the
occasion
,
and
how
thereby
the
Scale
was
turned
to
Dara
perceived
that
his
left
Wing
was
in
great
disorder
,
and
he
was
informed
,
that
Rustam-Kan
and
Chatresale
were
killed
;
that
Ramseigne
Routlé
had
too
far
advanced
,
that
he
had
indeed
forced
the
Enemy
,
and
made
way
through
the
midst
of
them
;
but
that
now
he
was
surrounded
every
way
,
and
in
very
great
danger
.
This
it
was
,
which
made
Dara
desist
from
his
design
of
making
directly
towards
Aureng-Zebe
,
that
he
might
go
to
succour
his
left
Wing
.
There
at
first
the
Battel
was
also
very
sharp
,
but
Dara
at
last
carried
it
,
forcing
and
routing
all
,
yet
so
,
as
that
there
still
remained
something
that
resisted
and
stopped
him
.
Mean
time
,
Ramseigne
Routlé
fought
with
so
much
courage
and
vigour
as
was
possible
.
He
wounded
Morad-Bakche
,
and
came
so
near
him
,
that
he
began
to
cut
the
Girdles
of
his
Elephant
,
to
make
him
fall
down
;
but
the
valour
and
good
fortune
of
Morad-Bakche
gave
not
time
enough
for
it
.
In
short
,
never
any
Man
fought
and
defended
himself
more
bravely
,
than
Morad-Bakche
did
on
this
occasion
:
All
wounded
as
he
was
,
and
pressed
by
the
Ragipous
of
Ramseigne
Routlé
,
who
were
round
about
him
▪
he
was
not
daunted
,
nor
gave
way
in
the
least
,
but
knew
so
well
to
take
his
time
,
that
,
although
he
was
,
besides
defending
himself
,
to
cover
with
his
Shield
a
Son
of
his
,
but
of
seven
or
eight
years
of
Age
,
who
was
sitting
on
his
side
,
he
made
an
Arrow
shot
so
luckily
at
Ramseigne
Routlé
,
that
it
made
him
fall
dead
to
the
ground
.
Dara
soon
heard
the
sad
News
of
this
Accident
;
but
at
the
same
time
he
understood
also
,
that
Morad-Bakche
was
in
very
great
danger
;
the
Ragipous
fighting
furiously
,
and
like
Lions
,
to
revenge
the
death
of
their
Master
.
And
though
he
saw
,
on
that
side
the
way
was
very
difficult
,
and
that
he
still
found
some
small
Body
opposing
and
retarding
him
;
yet
he
was
determined
to
rush
through
to
Morad-Bakche
:
And
doubtless
this
was
the
best
he
could
do
,
and
that
,
which
was
capable
to
repair
the
fault
he
had
committed
in
not
doing
his
business
thoroughly
with
Aureng-Zebe
.
But
his
bad
fortune
kept
him
from
it
,
or
rather
,
one
of
the
blackest
Treacheries
that
ever
was
imagined
,
and
the
greatest
oversight
that
was
ever
committed
,
did
cause
the
entire
loss
and
ruin
of
Dara
.
Calil-ullah-Kan
(
he
that
commanded
the
Thirty
Thousand
Mogols
,
which
made
the
right
Wing
,
and
were
alone
able
to
defeat
the
whole
Army
of
Aureng-Zebe
)
did
,
whilst
Dara
and
his
left
Wing
fought
with
so
much
courage
and
success
,
keep
off
,
as
idle
as
if
he
were
not
concerned
in
the
fray
,
not
permitting
any
one
of
his
Horsemen
to
shoot
an
Arrow
,
with
a
pretence
,
that
they
were
for
a
Reserve
,
and
that
he
had
express
order
not
to
fight
but
in
the
last
extremity
.
But
the
true
cause
was
,
that
he
reserved
in
his
breast
the
rancour
of
an
old
Affront
,
done
him
by
Dara
,
when
he
commanded
him
to
be
struck
.
But
after
all
,
this
Treachery
would
have
done
no
great
mischief
,
if
this
infamous
Man
had
contented
himself
with
this
first
Effect
of
his
Resentment
:
Behold
,
how
far
he
carried
his
rage
,
and
revengefulness
!
He
cut
himself
off
from
his
Main
Body
,
and
taking
only
a
few
Men
with
him
,
rid
with
all
possible
speed
towards
Dara
,
at
the
same
time
when
he
was
turning
to
fall
on
Morad-Bakche
,
and
being
come
so
near
as
to
make
himself
be
heard
,
cryed
out
with
all
his
force
;
Mohbareck-bad
,
Hazaret
,
Salamet
,
Elhamd-ul-ellah
;
God
save
your
Majesty
,
you
have
obtained
the
Victory
;
what
will
you
do
any
longer
upon
your
Elephant
?
Is
it
not
enough
,
that
you
have
exposed
your self
so
long
?
If
the
least
of
those
shots
,
that
have
been
made
into
your
Dais
,
had
reached
your
Person
,
what
would
have
become
of
us
Are
there
Traitors
wanting
in
this
Army
?
In
the
Name
of
God
come
down
quickly
and
take
Horse
.
What
remains
more
to
be
done
,
than
to
pursue
those
Run-aways
▪
Let
us
do
so
,
nor
let
us
suffer
,
that
they
should
escape
our
hands
!
If
Dara
had
had
wit
enough
to
discover
the
cheat
,
and
to
consider
upon
a
sudden
the
consequences
of
his
not
appearing
any
more
upon
the
Elephant
,
and
being
no
more
seen
by
the
whole
Army
,
always
eying
him
,
or
rather
,
if
he
had
presently
commanded
to
cut
off
the
Head
of
this
Parasitical
Traitor
,
he
had
been
Master
of
all
.
But
the
good
Prince
suffered
himself
to
be
blinded
by
these
sweet
words
:
He
hearkened
to
this
advice
,
as
if
it
had
been
very
true
and
very
sincere
;
he
descended
from
his
Elephant
,
and
took
Horse
.
But
I
know
not
,
whether
there
passed
one
quarter
of
an
hour
,
but
he
perceived
the
Treachery
of
Calil-ullah-Kan
,
and
repented
himself
extremely
of
the
great
fault
he
had
committed
.
He
looks
about
him
,
he
seeketh
,
he
asketh
where
he
is
;
he
saith
,
he
is
a
Traitor
,
he
will
kill
him
.
But
the
perfidious
Villain
is
by
this
time
at
a
good
distance
;
the
occasion
is
lost
.
Would
it
be
believed
,
that
as
soon
as
the
Army
perceived
Dara
to
be
no
more
upon
the
Elephant
,
they
imagined
that
there
was
Treason
,
that
Dara
was
killed
;
and
all
were
struck
with
such
a
terrour
,
that
every
one
thought
on
nothing
,
but
how
to
escape
the
hands
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
to
save
himself
.
What
shall
I
say
?
All
the
Army
disbands
and
flyeth
.
A
sudden
and
strange
revolution
!
He
that
saw
himself
just
now
victorious
,
finds
himself
in
a
few
moments
vanquished
,
abandoned
,
and
obliged
to
sly
himself
to
save
his
life
,
Aureng-Zebe
,
by
holding
out
firm
a
quarter
of
an
hour
upon
his
Elephant
,
seeth
the
Crown
of
Indostan
upon
his
Head
;
and
Dara
,
for
having
come
down
a
little
too
soon
,
seeth
himself
precipitated
from
the
Throne
,
and
the
most
unfortunate
Prince
of
the
World.
Thus
Fortune
taketh
pleasure
,
to
make
the
gain
or
loss
of
a
Battel
,
and
the
decision
of
a
great
Empire
,
depend
upon
a
nothing
.
These
great
and
prodigious
Armies
,
't
is
true
,
do
sometimes
great
things
;
but
when
once
terrour
seizeth
,
and
disorder
comes
among
them
,
what
means
of
stopping
the
Commotion
?
'T
is
like
a
great
River
broke
through
its
Dams
;
it
must
over-run
all
,
without
a
Remedy
.
Whence
it
is
,
that
as
often
as
I
consider
the
condition
of
sueh
Armies
,
destitute
of
good
order
,
and
marching
like
flocks
of
sheep
,
I
perswade
my self
,
that
,
if
in
these
parts
one
might
see
an
Army
of
five
and
twenty
thousand
Men
,
of
those
old
Troops
of
Flandres
,
under
the
conduct
of
Monsieur
le
Prince
,
or
of
Monsieur
de
Turenne
,
I
doubt
not
at
all
,
but
they
would
trample
under
foot
all
those
Armies
,
how
numerous
soever
they
were
.
And
this
it
is
,
that
now
maketh
me
not
find
it
any
longer
strange
or
incredible
,
what
we
are
told
of
ten
thousand
Greeks
;
and
of
fifty
thousand
Men
of
Alexander
,
overcoming
six
or
seven
hundred
thousand
Men
of
Darius
;
(
if
it
be
true
,
that
there
were
so
many
,
and
that
the
Historian
did
not
reckon
the
Servants
,
and
all
those
Numbers
of
Men
,
which
were
to
follow
the
Army
,
to
furnish
it
with
Forage
,
Cattel
,
Corn
,
and
all
other
necessaries
.
)
Bear
only
the
first
brunt
,
which
would
be
no
very
difficult
thing
for
us
to
do
;
and
behold
,
they
are
all
astonish'd
:
Or
,
do
like
Alexander
,
set
vigorously
upon
one
place
,
if
that
hold
not
out
,
(
which
will
be
very
hard
of
them
to
do
)
you
may
be
sure
the
work
is
done
;
all
the
rest
presently
take
fright
and
flight
together
.
Aureng-Zebe
,
encouraged
by
such
a
wonderful
success
,
is
not
wanting
to
turn
every
stone
,
to
employ
skill
,
dexterity
,
subtilty
,
craft
,
courage
,
to
profit
by
all
the
advantages
,
which
so
favourable
an
occasion
puts
into
his
hands
.
Calil-ullah-Kan
is
presently
with
him
,
offering
him
his
service
,
and
all
the
Troops
he
could
be
Master
of
.
He
,
on
his
side
,
wants
not
words
of
thanks
and
acknowledgments
,
nor
a
thousand
fair
promises
:
But
he
was
very
cautious
to
receive
him
in
his
own
name
;
he
carried
him
presently
and
presented
him
to
Morad-Bakche
,
who
,
as
we
may
easily
think
,
received
him
with
open
arms
;
Aureng-Zebe
in
the
mean
time
congratulating
and
praising
Morad-Bakche
,
for
having
fought
so
valiantly
,
and
ascribing
to
him
all
the
honour
of
the
Victory
;
treating
him
with
the
Title
of
King
and
Majesty
before
Calil-uttah-Kan
,
giving
him
uncommon
respect
,
and
doing
submissions
to
him
becoming
a
Subject
and
Servant
.
In
the
interim
,
he
labours
night
and
day
for
himself
,
he
writeth
round
about
to
all
the
Omrahs
,
making
sure
to
day
of
one
,
and
next
day
of
another
.
Chah-hest-Kan
,
his
Uncle
,
the
great
and
old
Enemy
of
Dara
,
by
reason
of
an
Affront
he
had
received
from
him
,
did
the
same
for
him
on
his
part
;
and
as
he
is
the
Person
who
writeth
best
and
subtillest
of
the
Empire
of
Indostan
,
so
he
contributed
not
a
little
by
his
Cabals
to
the
advancement
of
the
Affairs
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
making
strong
Parties
every
where
against
Dara
.
In
the
mean
time
let
us
still
observe
the
artifice
and
dissimulation
of
Aureng-Zebe
:
Nothing
of
what
he
doth
,
treateth
,
promiseth
,
is
for
himself
,
or
in
his
own
Name
;
he
hath
still
(
forsooth
)
the
design
of
living
as
a
Fakire
:
All
is
for
Morad-Bakche
,
't
is
he
that
commands
;
Aureng-Zebe
doth
nothing
;
't
is
Morad-Bakche
that
doth
all
,
't
is
he
that
is
designed
to
be
King.
As
for
the
unhappy
Dara
,
he
comes
with
all
speed
to
Agra
,
in
a
desperate
condition
,
and
not
daring
to
go
see
Chah-Jehan
,
remembring
,
doubtless
,
those
severe
words
which
he
let
fall
,
when
he
took
leave
of
him
before
the
Battel
,
viz.
That
he
should
remember
not
to
come
before
him
,
if
he
were
overcome
.
Yet
,
for
all
that
,
the
good
old
Father
sent
secretly
a
trusty
Eunuch
to
him
,
to
comfort
him
,
to
assure
him
of
the
continuance
of
his
affection
,
to
declare
to
him
his
trouble
for
his
misfortune
,
and
to
remonstrate
to
him
,
that
the
Case
was
not
yet
desperate
,
considering
that
there
was
a
good
Army
with
Soliman
Chekouh
,
his
Son
,
that
he
should
go
to
Dehli
,
where
he
should
find
a
thousand
Horse
in
the
Royal
Stables
;
and
that
the
Governour
of
the
Fortress
had
order
to
furnish
him
with
Money
and
Elephants
;
for
the
rest
,
that
he
should
not
go
further
than
he
needs
must
;
that
he
would
often
write
to
him
:
And
lastly
,
that
he
very
well
knew
how
to
find
out
and
chastise
Aureng-Zebe
.
I
have
been
informed
,
that
Dara
was
then
in
such
a
confusion
,
and
sunk
so
low
,
that
he
had
not
the
power
to
answer
a
word
to
the
Eunuch
,
nor
the
courage
to
send
any
one
to
Chah-Jehan
;
but
that
,
after
having
sent
several
times
to
Begum-Saheb
,
his
Sister
▪
he
went
away
at
mid-night
,
taking
with
him
his
Wife
,
his
Daughters
,
and
his
Grand-child
Sepe-Chekouh
;
and
that
(
which
is
almost
incredible
)
he
was
attended
with
not
above
three
or
four
hundred
persons
.
Let
us
leave
him
in
his
Voyage
to
Dehli
,
and
stay
at
Agra
,
to
consider
the
dexterity
and
craft
,
wherewith
Aureng-Zebe
proceeded
to
manage
Affairs
.
He
well
knew
,
that
Dara
,
and
those
of
his
Party
,
could
yet
place
some
hopes
in
the
victorious
Army
of
Soliman
Chekouh
,
and
therefore
he
resolved
to
take
it
from
him
,
or
to
make
it
useless
to
him
.
To
this
end
,
he
wrote
Letters
upon
Letters
to
the
Raja
Jesseigne
,
and
to
Delil-Kan
,
who
were
the
chief
Heads
of
the
Army
of
Soliman
Chekouh
,
telling
them
,
that
there
was
no
hope
left
for
Dara
and
his
Party
▪
that
he
had
lost
the
Battel
;
that
his
whole
Army
had
submitted
to
him
;
that
all
had
abandon'd
him
;
that
he
was
fled
alone
towards
Dehli
;
that
he
could
never
escape
him
,
and
that
Orders
were
distributed
every
where
to
seize
on
him
.
And
as
for
Chah-Jehan
,
that
he
was
in
a
condition
hopeless
of
recovery
;
that
they
should
take
good
care
of
what
they
had
to
do
;
and
if
they
were
Men
of
understanding
,
and
would
follow
his
fortune
,
and
be
his
Friends
,
they
should
seize
on
Soliman
Chekouh
,
and
bring
him
to
him
.
Jesseigne
found
himself
perplex'd
enough
,
what
he
should
do
,
still
much
apprehending
Chah-Jehan
and
Dara
,
and
more
,
to
lay
hands
upon
a
Royal
Person
,
well
knowing
,
that
some
mischief
might
therefore
fall
on
him
,
sooner
or
later
,
even
from
Aureng-Zebe
himself
.
Besides
,
he
knew
that
Soliman
Chekouh
had
too
much
courage
to
let
himself
be
taken
after
that
manner
,
and
that
he
would
rather
dye
in
defending
himself
.
Behold
therefore
,
what
he
at
last
resolved
!
After
having
taken
counsel
with
Delil-Kan
,
his
great
Friend
,
and
after
they
had
renew'd
to
one
another
the
Oath
of
mutual
Fidelity
,
he
went
directly
to
the
Tent
of
Soliman
Chekouh
,
who
with
great
impatience
expected
him
,
(
for
he
also
had
heard
the
News
of
the
Defeat
of
Dara
his
Father
)
and
had
already
divers
times
sent
for
him
.
To
him
he
frankly
discover'd
all
things
,
shew'd
him
the
Letter
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
told
him
what
course
was
best
for
him
to
take
,
represented
to
him
the
danger
he
was
in
;
that
there
was
no
reason
he
should
trust
in
Delil-Kan
,
or
in
Daoud-Kan
,
or
in
the
rest
of
his
Army
;
but
that
,
as
soon
as
he
could
,
he
should
gain
the
Mountains
of
Serenaguer
;
that
that
was
the
best
Expedient
he
could
take
;
that
the
Raja
of
that
Countrey
being
in
unaccessible
places
,
and
not
apprehending
Aureng-Zebe
,
would
doubtless
receive
him
gladly
;
and
,
for
the
rest
,
he
would
soon
see
how
things
would
go
,
and
be
always
in
a
condition
to
come
down
from
the
Mountains
,
when
he
should
think
good
.
The
young
Prince
understood
well
enough
by
this
kind
of
discourse
,
that
there
was
no
ground
to
trust
henceforth
in
this
Raja
,
and
that
there
was
no
more
safety
for
his
Person
;
and
that
the
rather
,
because
he
knew
that
Delil-Kan
was
altogether
devoted
to
him
,
and
he
saw
well
enough
,
that
there
was
a
necessity
to
take
this
course
suggested
.
Whereupon
he
soon
commanded
,
that
his
Baggage
should
be
put
up
to
march
towards
the
Mountains
.
Some
of
his
most
affectionate
Friends
,
as
a
good
number
of
Manseb-Dars
,
of
Sajeds
,
and
others
,
put
themselves
in
order
to
attend
him
;
the
rest
of
the
Army
,
altogether
astonish'd
,
remain'd
with
the
Raja
.
But
that
,
which
was
very
mean
for
a
great
Raja
,
and
a
very
sordid
barbarousness
,
was
,
that
he
and
Delil-Kan
sent
under
hand
some
to
fall
upon
his
Baggage
,
who
also
took
other
things
,
and
among
them
an
Elephant
laden
with
Rupies
of
Gold
,
which
caused
a
great
disorder
among
those
small
Troops
that
follow'd
him
;
and
which
was
an
occasion
,
that
many
of
them
return'd
and
abandon'd
him
;
and
invited
also
the
Countrey-people
to
set
upon
his
Men
,
pillaging
them
,
and
even
killing
some
of
them
▪
Yet
he
made
a
shift
to
gain
the
Mountains
,
with
his
Wife
and
Children
,
where
the
Raja
of
Serenaguer
received
him
with
all
the
honour
and
civilities
he
could
desire
,
assuring
him
,
that
he
was
in
safety
,
as
much
as
if
he
were
King
of
that
Countrey
,
and
that
he
would
protect
and
assist
him
with
all
his
Forces
.
In
the
mean
time
,
behold
what
happened
on
Three
or
four
days
after
the
Battel
of
Samonguer
,
the
Victorious
Aureng-Zebe
,
together
with
Morad-Bakche
,
came
directly
to
the
Gate
of
the
Town
into
a
Garden
,
which
may
be
a
little
League
distant
from
the
Fortress
,
and
sent
from
thence
an
able
Eunuch
,
and
one
of
those
whom
he
most
confided
in
,
to
Chah-Jehan
,
to
salute
him
with
a
thousand
fair
protestations
of
his
affection
and
submission
;
that
he
was
exceedingly
sorry
for
what
had
passed
,
and
for
having
been
obliged
,
by
reason
of
the
ambition
and
evil
designs
of
Dara
,
to
proceed
to
all
those
extremities
;
that
,
for
the
rest
,
he
rejoyced
extremely
to
hear
,
that
he
began
to
find
himself
better
,
and
that
he
was
come
thither
for
no
other
end
than
to
receive
his
Commands
.
Chah-Jehan
was
not
wanting
to
express
to
the
Eunuch
much
satisfaction
,
as
to
the
proceedings
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
to
receive
the
submissions
of
this
Son
with
all
possible
appearances
of
joy
;
though
he
saw
very
well
,
that
matters
had
been
carried
too
far
,
and
sufficiently
knew
the
reserved
and
crafty
humour
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
his
secret
passion
for
Reigning
;
and
that
therefore
he
was
not
much
to
be
trusted
,
for
all
his
fair
words
.
And
yet
notwithstanding
he
suffers
himself
to
be
circumvented
,
and
in
stead
of
playing
the
surest
Chart
,
by
using
his
utmost
power
,
by
stirring
,
by
appearing
,
by
causing
himself
to
be
carried
through
the
Town
,
and
by
assembling
all
his
Omrahs
,
(
for
it
was
yet
time
to
do
all
this
)
he
goes
about
to
out-wit
Aureng-Zebe
,
him
that
was
his
Crafts-Master
,
and
attempts
to
draw
him
into
a
snare
,
wherein
he
will
be
found
taken
himself
.
He
then
sends
also
an
Eunuch
to
this
Son
,
to
let
him
know
,
that
he
well
understood
the
ill
conduct
,
and
even
the
incapacity
of
Dara
;
that
he
could
not
but
call
to
mind
the
particular
inclination
he
always
had
and
expressed
towards
him
,
that
he
could
not
doubt
of
his
affection
;
and
lastly
,
that
he
should
come
to
see
him
,
and
to
advise
with
him
what
was
fit
to
be
done
in
these
disorders
;
and
that
he
passionately
wished
to
embrace
him
.
Aureng-Zebe
,
on
his
side
,
saw
also
well
enough
,
that
he
was
not
to
trust
too
much
to
the
words
of
Chah-Jehan
,
knowing
especially
,
that
Begum-Saheb
,
his
Enemy
as
well
as
Sister
,
was
night
and
day
about
him
,
and
that
't
was
very
probable
,
he
acted
nothing
but
by
her
motion
.
And
he
apprehended
,
that
if
he
should
come
into
the
Fortress
,
he
might
be
seized
on
,
and
ill
treated
;
as
it
was
said
,
that
the
resolution
was
indeed
taken
to
do
so
,
and
several
of
those
lusty
Tartarian
Women
,
which
serve
in
the
Seraglio
,
were
armed
to
set
upon
him
as
soon
as
he
should
enter
.
Whatever
it
be
,
he
would
never
hazard
himself
,
and
yet
spread
a
rumour
abroad
,
that
the
next
day
he
would
go
to
see
his
Father
Chah-Jehan
.
But
when
the
day
was
come
,
he
put
it
off
'till
another
,
and
so
he
delayed
it
from
day
to
day
,
without
ever
making
the
Visit
.
In
the
mean
time
he
continued
his
secret
Negotiations
and
Cabals
,
and
sounded
the
mind
of
all
the
greatest
Omrahs
,
so
far
,
that
at
last
,
after
he
had
well
and
closely
laid
his
Design
,
and
politickly
disposed
all
things
for
the
success
thereof
,
all
were
amazed
to
see
,
that
one
day
,
when
he
had
sent
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
his
eldest
Son
,
to
the
Fortress
,
under
a
pretence
of
seeing
Chah-Jehan
in
his
name
;
this
young
Prince
,
bold
and
undertaking
,
falls
presently
upon
the
Guards
that
were
at
the
Gate
,
and
vigorously
driveth
all
before
him
,
whilst
a
great
number
of
Men
appointed
,
who
were
there
all
ready
,
did
enter
with
fury
,
and
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
Walls
.
If
ever
a
Man
was
astonish'd
,
Chah-Jehan
was
,
seeing
that
he
was
fallen
the
snare
which
he
had
prepared
for
others
,
that
himself
was
imprison'd
and
Aureng-Zebe
Master
of
the
Fortress
.
'T
is
said
,
that
he
presently
sent
to
sound
the
mind
of
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
promising
him
upon
his
Crown
and
upon
the
Alcoran
,
that
if
he
would
be
faithful
to
him
,
and
serve
him
in
this
conjuncture
,
he
would
make
him
King
;
that
he
should
come
presently
to
see
him
within
,
and
not
lose
this
occasion
:
Besides
,
that
it
would
be
an
action
that
would
accumulate
on
him
the
blessings
of
Heaven
,
and
an
immortal
Glory
;
in
regard
it
would
be
said
forever
,
that
Sultan
Mahmoud
had
deliver'd
Chah-Jehan
his
Grandfather
out
of
Prison
.
And
certainly
,
if
Sultan
Mahmoud
had
been
resolute
enough
to
give
this
stroke
,
and
Chah-Jehan
could
have
come
abroad
to
shew
himself
to
the
Town
,
and
to
take
the
Field
,
no
man
doubts
,
but
all
his
great
Omrahs
would
have
followed
him
;
nor
would
Aureng-Zebe
himself
have
had
the
boldness
nor
the
savageness
to
sight
against
his
own
Father
in
person
,
especially
since
he
must
have
apprehended
,
that
all
the
world
would
have
abandon'd
him
,
and
possibly
Morad-Bakche
himself
.
And
't
is
indeed
the
great
fault
which
Chah-Jehan
is
observed
to
have
committed
after
the
Battel
,
and
the
flight
of
Dara
,
not
to
have
come
out
of
the
Fortress
.
But
yet
I
have
conversed
with
many
,
who
maintained
,
that
Chah-Jehan
did
prudently
in
it
.
For
this
hath
been
a
question
much
agitated
among
the
Politicians
,
and
there
are
no
Reasons
wanting
to
countenance
the
Sentiment
of
the
latter
sort
;
who
also
add
,
that
Men
almost
always
judge
of
things
by
the
Event
;
that
often
very
foolish
Enterprises
have
been
observed
to
succeed
,
and
which
therefore
are
approv'd
by
all
;
that
if
Chah-Jehan
had
prosper'd
in
his
Design
,
he
would
have
been
esteem'd
the
most
prudent
and
the
most
able
Man
in
the
World
;
but
now
being
taken
,
he
was
nothing
but
a
good
old
Man
,
that
suffer'd
himself
to
be
led
by
a
Woman
,
his
Daughter
Begum
,
which
was
blinded
by
her
passion
,
and
had
the
vanity
to
believe
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
would
come
to
see
her
that
the
Bird
of
it self
would
fly
into
the
Cage
,
or
at
least
,
that
he
would
never
be
so
bold
as
to
attempt
the
seizure
of
the
Fortress
,
nor
have
the
power
to
do
so
.
These
same
Reasoners
maintaining
also
ftifly
,
that
the
greatest
fault
that
Sultan
Mahmoud
could
possibly
commit
,
was
,
that
he
knew
not
how
to
take
the
occasion
to
assure
himself
of
the
Crown
,
by
the
rarest
and
the
most
generous
Action
that
ever
was
,
to
put
his
Grandfather
at
liberty
,
and
thus
to
do
himself
Right
and
Justice
,
as
the
Soveraign
Umpire
of
Affairs
;
whereas
,
as
things
now
stand
,
he
must
one
day
go
and
dye
in
Goualeor
.
But
Sultan
Mahmoud
(
whether
it
was
that
he
fear'd
his
Grandfather
would
not
keep
his
word
with
him
,
or
that
he
should
be
himself
detain'd
within
,
or
that
he
durst
not
play
tricks
with
his
Father
Aureng-Zebe
)
would
never
hearken
to
any
thing
,
nor
enter
into
the
Apartment
of
Chah-Jehan
,
answering
very
closely
,
that
he
had
no
order
from
his
Father
to
go
and
see
him
,
but
that
he
was
by
him
commanded
not
to
return
,
without
bringing
him
the
Keys
of
all
the
Gates
of
the
Fortress
,
that
so
he
might
come
with
all
safety
to
kiss
the
Feet
of
his
Majesty
.
There
passed
almost
two
whole
days
before
he
could
resolve
to
surrender
the
Keys
;
during
which
time
,
Sultan
Mahmoud
staid
there
,
unalterable
in
his
resolutions
,
keeping
himself
upon
his
Guard
night
and
day
,
with
all
his
Troops
about
him
;
'till
at
length
Chah-Jehan
,
seeing
that
all
his
People
that
were
upon
the
Guard
at
the
little
Gate
,
little
by
little
disbanded
,
and
that
there
was
no
more
safety
on
his
side
,
gave
him
the
Keys
,
with
an
order
to
tell
Aureng-Zebe
,
that
he
should
come
presently
if
he
were
wise
,
and
that
he
had
most
important
things
to
discourse
with
him
about
.
But
Aureng-Zebe
was
too
cunning
to
commit
so
gross
a
fault
:
On
the
contrary
,
he
made
his
Eunuch
Etbarkan
Governour
of
the
Fortress
,
who
presently
shut
up
Chah-Jehan
,
together
with
Begum-Saheb
,
and
all
his
Women
;
causing
divers
Gates
to
be
walled
up
,
that
so
he
might
not
be
able
to
write
or
speak
to
any
body
,
nor
go
forth
out
of
his
Apartment
without
permission
.
Aureng-Zebe
in
the
mean
time
writ
to
him
a
little
Note
,
which
he
shew'd
to
every
body
before
he
sealed
it
;
in
which
,
among
other
things
,
he
told
him
with
dry
expressions
,
that
he
knew
from
good
hands
,
that
notwithstanding
those
great
protestations
of
esteem
and
affection
he
made
to
him
,
and
of
contempt
he
made
of
Dara
,
he
had
,
for
all
that
,
sent
to
Dara
two
Elephants
charged
with
Rupies
of
Gold
,
to
raise
him
again
,
and
to
recommence
the
War
;
and
that
therefore
,
in
truth
,
it
was
not
he
that
imprisoned
him
,
but
Dara
,
and
that
he
might
thank
him
for
it
,
as
the
cause
of
all
these
misfortunes
;
and
if
it
had
not
been
for
him
,
he
would
have
come
the
very
first
day
to
him
,
and
paid
him
all
the
most
dutiful
respects
he
could
have
looked
for
from
a
good
Son
:
That
,
for
the
rest
,
he
begged
his
pardon
,
and
a
little
patience
;
as
soon
as
he
should
have
disenabled
Dara
from
executing
his
evil
Designs
,
he
would
come
himself
and
open
the
Gates
to
him
.
I
have
heard
it
said
concerning
this
Note
,
that
Chah-Jehan
in
very
deed
,
the
same
night
that
Dara
departed
,
had
sent
to
him
these
Elephants
laden
with
Rupies
of
Gold
,
and
that
it
was
Rauchenara-Begum
that
found
a
way
to
discover
it
to
Aureng-Zebe
;
as
she
also
had
detected
to
him
that
Plot
which
was
laid
against
him
with
those
Tartarian
Women
;
and
that
Aureng-Zebe
himself
had
intercepted
some
Letters
of
Chah-Jehan
to
Dara
.
I
have
conversed
with
others
,
that
maintain
there
is
no
such
thing
,
and
that
this
Writing
,
which
Aureng-Zebe
shew'd
to
all
,
was
only
to
cast
Sand
into
the
Eyes
of
the
People
,
and
to
labour
,
in
some
degree
,
to
justifie
himself
in
so
strange
an
action
,
and
to
devolve
the
Cause
of
it
upon
Chah-Jehan
and
Dara
,
as
if
he
had
been
forced
to
such
proceedings
.
They
are
things
,
which
are
difficult
enough
well
to
discover
.
However
it
be
,
as
soon
as
Chah-Jehan
was
shut
up
,
almost
all
the
Omrahs
were
in
a
manner
necessitated
to
go
and
make
their
Court
to
Aureng-Zebe
and
Morad-Bakche
;
and
(
which
is
almost
incredible
)
there
was
not
one
that
had
the
courage
to
stir
,
or
to
attempt
the
least
in
the
behalf
of
his
King
,
and
for
him
that
had
made
them
what
they
were
,
and
raised
them
from
the
dust
,
and
perhaps
from
slavery
it self
(
which
is
ordinary
enough
in
that
Court
)
to
advance
them
to
Riches
and
Honour
.
Yet
some
few
there
are
,
as
Danechmend-Kan
,
and
some
others
,
that
took
no
side
;
but
all
the
rest
declared
for
Aureng-Zebe
.
'T
is
notwithstanding
to
be
noted
what
I
said
,
that
they
were
necessitated
to
do
what
they
did
.
For
't
is
not
in
the
Indies
,
as
in
France
,
or
other
States
of
Christendom
,
where
the
Grandees
and
Nobles
have
large
Possessions
of
Land
,
and
great
Revenues
,
which
enables
them
for
a
while
to
subsist
of
themselves
.
There
they
have
nothing
but
Pensions
(
as
I
have
already
touch'd
above
)
which
the
King
can
take
away
from
them
at
all
hours
,
and
thus
ruin
them
in
an
instant
;
so
that
they
shall
be
considered
no
more
than
if
they
never
had
been
,
nor
have
any
credit
to
borrow
a
farthing
.
Aureng-Zebe
therefore
having
thus
assured
himself
of
Chah-Jehan
,
and
of
all
the
Omrahs
,
took
what
Sums
of
Money
he
thought
fit
out
of
the
Treasury
;
and
then
having
left
Chah-hest-Kan
,
his
Uncle
,
Governour
of
the
Town
,
he
went
away
with
Morad-Bakche
to
pursue
Dara
.
The
day
that
the
Army
was
to
march
out
of
Agra
,
the
particular
Friends
of
Morad-Bakche
,
especially
his
Eunuch
Chah-Abas
,
who
knew
,
that
the
excess
of
civility
and
respect
is
ordinarily
a
sign
of
imposture
,
counselled
him
,
that
since
he
was
King
,
and
every
body
treated
him
with
the
Title
of
Majesty
,
and
Aureng-Zebe
himself
acknowledged
him
for
such
,
he
should
let
him
go
to
pursue
Dara
,
and
stay
himself
with
his
Troops
about
Agra
and
Dehli
.
If
he
had
followed
this
counsel
,
't
is
certain
,
that
he
would
have
embarassed
Aureng-Zebe
not
a
little
;
but
't
was
fatal
,
that
he
should
neglect
so
good
advice
:
Aureng-Zebe
is
too
fortunate
;
Morad-Bakche
entirely
confideth
in
his
promises
,
and
in
the
Oaths
of
Fidelity
they
had
sworn
to
one
another
upon
the
Alcoran
.
They
went
away
together
,
and
went
with
the
same
pace
towards
Dehli
.
When
they
were
come
to
Maturas
,
three
or
four
small
days
Journeys
from
Agra
,
the
Friends
of
Morad-Bakche
,
who
perceived
something
,
endeavour'd
again
to
perswade
him
,
that
he
should
beware
;
assuring
him
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
had
evil
designs
,
and
that
beyond
all
doubt
some
mischief
was
upon
the
Anvil
;
that
they
had
notice
of
it
from
all
parts
,
and
that
by
no
means
,
for
that
day
at
least
,
he
should
go
to
see
him
;
that
it
would
be
much
better
to
prevent
the
stroke
the
soonest
it
might
be
;
that
he
was
only
to
forbear
going
to
visit
him
that
day
,
excusing
himself
with
some
indisposition
.
But
whatsoever
could
be
said
to
him
,
he
believed
nothing
of
it
,
his
Ears
were
stopp'd
to
all
the
good
advice
that
was
given
him
,
and
as
if
he
had
been
enchanted
by
the
Friendship
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
he
could
not
hold
to
go
to
him
that
very
night
,
and
to
stay
at
Supper
with
him
.
As
soon
as
he
was
come
,
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
expected
him
,
and
had
already
prepared
all
things
with
Mirkan
,
and
three
or
four
of
his
most
intimate
Captains
,
was
not
wanting
in
embracements
,
and
in
redoubling
his
Courtship
,
civilities
and
submissions
,
in
so
much
as
gently
to
pass
his
handkerchief
over
his
face
,
and
to
wipe
off
his
sweat
and
dust
,
treating
him
still
with
the
Title
of
King
and
Majesty
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Table
is
served
,
they
sup
,
the
conversation
grows
warm
,
they
discourse
of
various
things
as
they
use
to
do
▪
and
at
last
there
is
brought
a
huge
Bottle
of
excellent
Chiras
Wine
,
and
some
other
Bottles
of
Caboul
Wine
,
for
a
Debauch
.
Then
Aureng-Zebe
,
as
a
grave
serious
Man
,
and
one
that
would
appear
a
great
Mahumetan
,
and
very
regular
,
nimbly
riseth
from
Table
,
and
having
with
much
kindness
invited
Morad-Bakche
,
who
loved
a
Glass
of
Wine
very
well
,
and
who
relish'd
the
Wine
that
was
served
,
scrupled
not
to
drink
of
it
to
excess
.
In
a
word
,
he
made
himself
drunk
,
and
fell
asleep
.
This
was
the
thing
that
was
wished
;
for
presently
some
Servants
of
his
that
were
there
,
were
commanded
away
,
under
a
pretence
,
to
let
him
sleep
without
making
any
noise
;
and
then
his
Zable
and
Ponyard
were
taken
from
about
him
:
But
Aureng-Zebe
was
not
long
,
but
came
himself
and
waken'd
him
.
He
entred
into
the
Chamber
,
and
roughly
hit
him
with
his
foot
,
and
when
he
began
to
open
a
little
his
Eyes
,
he
made
to
him
this
short
and
surprising
Reprimand
:
What
means
this
,
said
he
,
What
shame
and
what
ignominy
is
this
,
that
such
a
King
as
you
are
,
should
have
so
little
temper
,
as
thus
to
make
himself
drunk
?
What
will
be
said
both
of
you
and
me
?
Take
this
infamous
Man
,
this
Drunkard
,
tye
him
hand
and
foot
,
and
throw
him
into
that
room
to
sleep
out
his
Wine
.
No
sooner
said
,
but
it
was
executed
;
notwithstanding
all
his
appeal
and
out-cry
,
five
or
six
persons
fall
upon
him
,
and
fetter
his
hands
and
feet
.
The
things
could
not
be
done
,
but
some
of
his
Men
that
were
thereabout
had
news
of
it
.
They
made
some
noise
,
and
would
enter
forcibly
;
but
Allah-Couly
,
one
of
his
chief
Officers
,
and
the
Master
of
his
Artillery
,
that
had
been
gained
long
before
,
threatened
them
,
and
made
them
draw
back
.
Without
any
delay
,
Men
were
sent
through
the
whole
Army
to
calm
this
first
Commotion
,
which
also
might
have
proved
dangerous
;
they
made
them
believe
it
was
nothing
,
they
having
been
present
,
that
Morad-Bakche
was
only
drunk
,
that
in
that
condition
he
had
railed
at
every
body
,
and
Aureng-Zebe
himself
,
in
so
much
that
there
had
been
a
necessity
,
seeing
him
drunk
and
furious
,
to
keep
him
apart
;
that
the
next
day
they
would
see
him
abroad
,
after
he
had
digested
his
Wine
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Presents
walked
about
all
night
amongst
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
,
their
Pay
was
forthwith
increased
,
they
had
great
Promises
made
them
;
and
as
there
was
none
,
that
had
not
long
since
apprehended
some
such
thing
,
there
was
no
great
wonder
to
see
almost
all
things
quieted
the
next
morning
;
so
that
the
very
next
night
this
poor
Prince
was
shut
up
in
a
little
close
house
,
such
an
one
as
is
wont
to
be
placed
on
Elephants
to
carry
Women
,
and
he
was
carried
directly
to
Dehli
into
Slimager
,
which
is
a
little
old
Fortress
in
the
midst
of
the
River
.
After
that
all
was
thus
appeased
,
except
the
Eunuch
Chah-Abas
,
who
caused
difficulty
enough
,
Aureng-Zebe
received
the
whole
Army
of
Morad-Bakche
into
his
Service
,
and
went
after
Dara
,
who
marched
apace
towards
Lahor
,
with
an
intention
well
to
fortifie
himself
in
that
place
,
and
thither
to
draw
his
Friends
.
But
Aureng-Zebe
followed
him
with
so
much
speed
,
that
he
had
not
time
to
do
any
great
matter
,
finding
himself
necessitated
to
retreat
,
and
to
take
the
way
of
Multan
,
where
also
he
could
do
nothing
considerable
,
because
that
Aureng-Zebe
,
notwithstanding
the
great
heat
,
marched
night
and
day
;
in
so
much
,
that
to
encourage
all
to
make
haste
,
he
sometimes
advanced
almost
all
alone
two
or
three
leagues
before
the
whole
Army
,
finding
himself
often
obliged
to
drink
ill
water
like
others
,
to
be
content
with
a
crust
of
dry
bread
,
and
to
sleep
under
a
Tree
,
staying
for
his
Army
in
the
midst
of
the
high-way
,
laying
his
Head
on
his
Shield
like
a
common
Souldier
.
So
that
Dara
found
himself
constrained
to
abandon
Multan
also
,
that
he
might
avoid
being
near
Aureng-Zebe
,
whom
he
was
not
able
to
encounter
.
Here
't
is
that
the
Statesmen
of
this
Country
have
reasoned
very
diversly
:
For
't
is
said
,
that
if
Dara
,
when
he
went
out
of
Lahor
,
had
cast
himself
into
the
Kingdom
of
Caboul
,
as
he
was
advised
,
he
would
there
have
found
above
ten
thousand
warlike
Men
,
designed
against
the
Augans
,
the
Persians
,
and
the
Usbecs
,
and
for
a
Guard
to
that
Country
,
the
Governour
whereof
was
Mohabet-Kan
,
one
of
the
most
potent
and
the
most
ancient
of
Indostan
,
and
that
had
never
been
Aureng-Zebe
seeing
him
take
this
way
,
found
it
not
fit
to
follow
him
further
off
,
being
extremely
glad
that
he
had
not
taken
the
way
to
Caboul
.
He
contented
himself
to
send
after
him
seven
or
eight
thousand
Men
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Mir-baba
,
his
Foster-brother
,
and
turned
back
with
the
same
expedition
to
the
place
whence
he
was
come
,
much
apprehending
left
any
thing
should
fall
out
about
Agra
;
lest
some
or
other
of
those
potent
Raja's
,
as
Jesseigne
,
or
Jessomseigne
,
should
make
an
attempt
in
his
absence
,
to
free
Chah-Jehan
out
of
Prison
;
or
lest
Soliman
Chekouh
,
together
with
the
Raja
of
Serenaguer
,
should
descend
from
the
Hills
;
or
lest
also
Sultan
Sujah
should
approach
too
near
Agra
.
Behold
a
little
accident
,
which
one
day
befel
him
,
for
too
great
precipitation
.
When
he
thus
returned
from
Multan
towards
Lahor
,
and
marched
his
ordinary
swift
pace
,
he
saw
the
Raja
Jesseigne
come
against
him
,
accompanied
with
four
or
five
thousand
of
his
Ragipous
,
in
a
very
good
equipage
;
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
had
left
his
Army
behind
,
and
who
also
knew
that
this
Raja
was
very
affectionate
to
Chah-Jehan
,
was
sufficiently
surprised
,
as
may
easily
be
imagined
,
fearing
left
this
Raja
should
make
use
of
this
occasion
,
and
do
a
Master-piece
of
State
,
by
seizing
on
him
,
to
draw
Chah-Jehan
out
of
Prison
,
which
at
that
time
was
very
easie
to
do
.
Neither
is
it
known
,
whether
this
Raja
had
not
some
such
design
;
for
he
had
marched
with
extraordinary
speed
,
in
so
much
that
Aureng-Zebe
had
no
news
of
it
,
believing
him
yet
to
be
at
Dehli
.
But
what
may
not
resolution
and
presence
of
mind
do
?
Aureng-Zebe
,
without
any
alteration
of
his
countenance
,
marched
directly
towards
the
Raja
,
and
as
far
off
as
he
could
see
him
,
maketh
signs
to
him
with
his
hands
,
importing
that
he
should
make
hast
to
a
nearer
approach
,
crying
out
to
him
with
a
loud
voice
,
Salamed
Bached
Rajagi
,
Salamed
Bached
Babagi
,
treating
him
with
the
Titles
of
Lord
Raja
and
Lord
Father
.
When
the
Raja
was
come
to
him
;
I
expected
you
,
said
he
,
with
great
impatience
;
the
Work
is
done
,
Dara
is
lost
,
he
is
all
alone
;
I
have
sent
Mir-baba
after
him
,
from
whom
he
cannot
escape
:
And
for
an
excess
of
kindness
to
him
,
he
took
off
his
Necklace
of
Pearls
,
and
put
it
about
the
Neck
of
this
Raja
:
And
the
sooner
to
rid
himself
handsomely
of
him
,
(
for
he
wish'd
him
far
enough
)
Go
,
saith
he
,
with
all
the
expedition
you
can
to
Lahor
,
my
Army
is
somewhat
tyred
;
go
quickly
to
attend
me
there
;
I
apprehend
that
else
something
sinister
might
fall
out
there
;
I
make
you
Governour
of
that
place
,
and
put
all
things
into
your
hands
.
For
the
rest
,
I
am
exceedingly
obliged
to
you
for
what
you
have
done
with
Soliman
Chekouh
:
Where
have
you
left
Delil-Kan
?
I
shall
find
my
revenge
of
him
.
Make
all
possible
dispatch
,
Salamed
Bached
,
Farewell
.
Dara
being
arrived
at
Tata-bakar
,
made
Governour
of
that
place
a
very
understanding
,
gallant
,
and
generous
Eunuch
,
with
a
very
good
Garrison
of
Patans
and
Sayeds
;
and
for
Cannoneers
,
a
good
number
of
Franguis
,
Portugals
,
English
,
French
,
and
Germans
,
who
had
follow'd
him
out
of
great
hopes
he
had
given
them
,
(
for
,
if
his
Affairs
had
prospered
,
and
he
were
become
King
,
we
must
all
have
resolved
to
be
Omrahs
,
as
many
Franguis
as
we
were
.
)
He
there
left
also
the
greatest
part
of
his
Treasure
;
he
wanted
as
yet
no
Gold
nor
Silver
;
and
staying
there
but
a
very
few
days
,
he
marched
away
with
two
or
three
thousand
Men
only
,
descending
along
the
River
Indus
towards
Scindy
,
and
from
thence
crossing
with
an
incredible
celerity
all
those
Territories
of
the
Raja
Katche
,
he
arrived
in
Guzaratte
,
and
came
to
the
Gates
of
Amadevat
.
The
Father-in-law
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
called
Chah-Navaze-Kan
,
was
Governour
there
,
with
a
very
good
Garrison
,
able
to
resist
.
Yet
notwithstanding
,
whether
it
was
that
he
was
surprised
,
or
that
he
wanted
courage
,
(
for
although
he
was
of
those
ancient
Princes
of
Machate
,
yet
he
was
no
great
Souldier
,
though
a
Man
of
a
very
obliging
and
civil
conversation
)
he
did
not
oppose
Dara
,
but
rather
received
him
very
honourably
,
and
even
managed
him
afterwards
with
so
much
dexterity
,
that
Dara
was
so
simple
as
to
trust
himself
with
him
,
and
to
communicate
to
him
his
Designs
;
in
so
much
as
that
he
shew'd
him
the
Letters
which
he
received
from
the
Raja
Jessomseigne
,
and
of
many
other
of
his
Friends
,
which
prepared
themselves
to
come
to
him
;
although
it
proved
too
true
,
what
every
body
told
him
,
and
his
Friends
confirmed
by
Letters
,
that
certainly
this
Chah-Navaze-Kan
would
betray
him
.
Never
was
any
Man
more
surprised
than
Aureng-Zebe
,
when
he
heard
that
Dara
was
in
Amadevat
:
For
he
well
knew
,
that
he
▪
wanted
no
Money
,
and
that
all
his
Friends
,
and
all
the
discontented
Party
,
which
was
numerous
,
would
not
fail
to
betake
themselves
by
little
and
little
to
him
:
And
on
the
other
side
,
he
found
it
not
safe
to
go
and
find
him
out
himself
in
that
place
,
by
removing
himself
so
far
from
Agra
and
Chah-Jehan
,
to
go
and
embarass
himself
in
all
those
Countries
of
the
Raja's
,
Jesseigne
,
Jessomseigne
,
and
others
,
that
are
in
those
Provinces
.
Besides
he
apprehended
,
lest
Sultan
Sujah
should
advance
with
a
strong
Army
,
which
was
already
about
Elabas
,
and
lest
the
Raja
of
Serenaguer
should
descend
from
the
Hills
with
Soliman
Chekouh
:
So
that
he
was
sufficiently
perplexed
and
troubled
,
not
knowing
which
way
to
turn
.
At
last
he
believed
it
best
,
to
leave
Dara
for
a
time
quiet
where
he
was
,
and
to
go
thither
where
his
presence
and
Army
was
most
necessary
,
which
was
towards
Sultan
Sujah
,
who
had
already
passed
the
River
Ganges
at
Elabas
.
This
Sultan
Sujah
was
come
to
encamp
in
a
little
Village
called
Kadjoue
,
and
had
conveniently
seized
himself
of
a
great
Talab
,
or
Reservatory
of
Water
,
which
is
there
in
the
way
;
and
Aureng-Zebe
came
to
place
himself
on
the
side
of
a
small
Torrent
,
at
the
distance
of
a
mile
and
an
half
from
thence
,
on
Agra's
side
.
Between
both
was
a
very
fair
Campagne
,
very
proper
for
a
Battel
.
Aureng-Zebe
was
no
sooner
arrived
,
but
being
impatient
to
end
this
War
,
at
break
of
day
he
went
to
face
Sujah
,
leaving
his
Baggage
on
the
other
side
of
the
Torrent
.
He
fell
upon
Sujah
with
an
effort
unimaginable
.
Emir-Jemla
,
Prisoner
of
of
Decan
,
and
who
arrived
just
on
the
day
of
the
Combat
,
fearing
Dara
no
more
,
because
his
Family
was
more
in
safety
,
did
there
also
lay
out
all
his
force
,
courage
,
and
dexterity
.
But
seeing
that
Sultan
Sujah
had
well
fortified
himself
,
and
was
accompanied
with
a
very
good
Artillery
,
advantagiously
placed
,
it
was
not
possible
for
Aureng-Zebe
to
force
him
,
nor
to
make
him
retreat
from
thence
,
so
as
to
make
him
lose
those
Waters
.
On
the
contrary
,
he
was
obliged
himself
to
draw
back
several
times
,
so
vigorously
was
he
repulsed
,
in
so
much
that
he
found
himself
in
great
perplexity
.
Sultan
Sujah
not
being
willing
to
advance
too
far
into
the
Campagne
,
nor
to
remove
from
that
advantagious
place
where
he
was
,
pretending
only
to
defend
himself
;
which
was
very
prudently
done
.
For
he
foresaw
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
could
not
stay
there
long
,
and
that
in
that
hot
season
he
would
be
absolutely
obliged
to
turn
back
towards
the
Torrent
for
the
Water
;
and
that
,
when
he
should
do
so
,
he
would
fall
upon
his
Rear
.
Aureng-Zebe
also
foresaw
well
enough
the
same
thing
,
and
that
was
the
reason
why
he
was
so
forward
and
pressing
;
but
behold
another
more
troublesome
accident
.
In
this
very
time
he
receiveth
intelligence
,
that
the
Raja
Jessomseigne
,
who
in
appearance
had
accommodated
himself
with
him
,
was
fallen
upon
his
Rear
,
and
plunder'd
his
Baggage
and
Treasure
.
This
News
astonished
him
much
,
and
the
more
,
because
he
perceived
that
his
Army
which
had
heard
of
it
was
thereby
frighted
,
and
fallen
into
disorder
.
Yet
he
loses
not
his
judgment
for
all
this
;
and
being
well
aware
,
that
to
turn
back
was
to
hazard
all
,
he
resolved
,
as
in
the
Battel
of
Dara
,
to
bear
up
the
best
he
could
,
and
to
expect
with
a
steady
foot
all
Events
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
disorder
grew
worse
and
worse
in
his
Army
:
Sujah
,
who
was
resolved
to
profit
of
the
occasion
,
taketh
his
time
,
and
presseth
him
vigorously
.
He
that
led
Decan-kou
,
Decan-kou
,
where
is
Decan
?
This
seems
to
have
been
the
greatest
extremity
,
to
which
Aureng-Zebe
could
be
reduced
.
One
would
have
said
,
't
was
now
and
here
that
Fortune
had
abandon'd
him
,
and
there
is
almost
no
appearance
of
a
possibility
to
escape
.
But
his
good
Fortune
is
stronger
than
all
that
:
Sultan
Sujah
must
be
routed
,
and
take
flight
,
like
Dara
,
to
save
his
life
:
Aureng-Zebe
must
remain
victorious
,
carry
away
the
Bell
,
and
be
King
of
the
Indies
.
We
are
to
remember
the
Battel
of
Samonguer
,
and
that
,
in
appearance
,
slight
accident
which
ruined
Dara
:
'T
is
the
same
over-sight
,
or
rather
the
same
Treason
,
which
is
now
destroying
Sultan
Sujah
.
One
of
his
chief
Captains
,
Allah-verdi-Kan
,
who
(
as
some
say
)
had
been
gained
,
useth
the
same
Artifice
that
Calil-ullah-Kan
had
employ'd
towards
Dara
;
though
there
were
some
who
believed
,
that
there
was
no
malice
in
the
case
,
and
that
it
was
a
meer
piece
of
flattery
.
For
seeing
that
the
whole
Army
of
Aureng-Zebe
was
in
disorder
,
he
ran
towards
Sultan
Sujah
,
telling
him
the
same
thing
,
that
Calil-ullah-Kan
did
to
Dara
,
and
begging
of
him
with
folded
hands
,
that
he
would
stay
no
longer
in
so
great
danger
upon
his
Elephant
.
Come
down
,
said
he
,
in
the
Name
of
God
,
mount
on
Horse-back
,
God
hath
made
you
Soveraign
of
the
Indies
,
let
us
pursue
those
Fugitives
,
let
not
Aureng-Zebe
escape
us
.
But
not
to
stay
long
from
declaring
the
strange
Fortune
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
the
incredible
conjuncture
that
recovers
his
desperate
condition
;
Sultan
Sujah
,
not
more
considerate
than
Dara
,
commits
the
same
Fault
;
and
he
was
no
sooner
come
down
from
his
Elephant
,
but
his
Army
seeing
him
no
more
,
was
struck
with
a
terrour
,
believing
there
was
Treason
,
and
that
he
was
either
taken
or
slain
.
Whereupon
they
disbanded
without
any
more
ado
,
as
Jessomseigne
hearing
this
unexpected
news
,
and
perceiving
it
was
not
very
safe
for
him
to
tarry
there
,
contented
himself
with
the
Spoil
he
had
got
,
and
with
all
diligence
marched
streight
to
Agra
,
thence
to
pass
to
his
Countrey
.
The
noise
was
already
in
Agra
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
had
lost
the
Battel
,
that
he
was
taken
,
together
with
Emir-Jemla
,
and
that
Sultan
Sujah
brought
them
both
Prisoners
.
In
so
much
,
that
Chah-hest-Kan
,
who
was
Governour
of
the
Town
,
and
Uncle
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
seeing
Jessomseigne
,
whose
Treachery
he
had
heard
of
,
at
the
Gates
,
and
despairing
of
his
Life
,
had
taken
into
his
hand
a
Cup
of
Poyson
to
make
himself
away
,
and
had
,
as
they
say
,
in
very
deed
swallowed
it
,
if
his
Women
had
not
fallen
upon
him
and
hindred
him
:
So
that
't
is
thought
,
if
Jessomseigne
had
had
the
wit
and
courage
to
stay
longer
in
Agra
,
if
he
had
threatened
boldly
,
and
promised
and
acted
vigorously
for
the
freedom
of
Chah-Jehan
,
he
might
have
drawn
him
out
of
prison
;
so
much
the
more
easily
,
because
all
Agra
was
for
two
whole
days
in
that
belief
,
that
Aureng-Zebe
was
overcome
.
But
Jessomseigne
,
who
knew
how
all
things
went
,
and
who
durst
not
long
stay
there
,
nor
attempt
any
thing
,
did
nothing
but
pass
,
returning
with
all
speed
homewards
.
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
apprehended
mischief
from
Agra
,
and
fear'd
left
Jessomseigne
should
undertake
something
for
Chah-Jehan
,
was
not
long
in
the
pursuit
after
Sultan
Sujah
;
he
turn'd
short
for
Agra
with
his
whole
Army
,
where
he
staid
a
good
while
,
giving
order
for
all
things
.
Mean
time
he
received
intelligence
,
that
Sultan
Sujah
had
not
lost
many
Men
in
his
being
routed
,
for
want
of
farther
pursuit
;
that
also
from
the
Lands
of
the
Raja's
,
which
are
in
those
quarters
,
on
the
right
and
left
of
Ganges
,
he
raised
great
Forces
,
upon
the
score
of
the
reputation
he
had
of
being
very
rich
,
and
very
liberal
,
and
that
he
fortified
himself
in
Elabas
,
that
important
and
famous
Passage
of
Ganges
,
which
with
its
Fortress
is
the
first
In-let
into
Bengale
.
And
then
he
considered
also
,
that
he
had
about
him
two
Persons
,
which
indeed
were
very
capable
to
serve
him
,
Sultan
Mahmoud
his
Eldest
Son
,
and
Emir-Jemla
;
but
he
well
knew
,
that
those
who
have
done
good
service
to
their
Prince
,
grow
often
insolent
,
in
the
belief
,
that
all
is
due
to
them
,
and
that
they
cannot
be
recompenced
enough
.
He
perceived
already
,
that
the
former
of
them
began
very
much
to
emancipate
himself
,
and
that
every
day
he
became
more
arrogant
,
for
having
seized
on
the
Fortress
of
Agra
,
and
by
that
means
had
broken
all
the
Designs
which
Chah-Jehan
could
have
formed
.
And
as
to
the
Latter
,
he
knew
indeed
the
force
of
his
Understanding
,
his
Conduct
,
and
Valour
;
but
that
was
the
very
thing
which
made
him
apprehend
him
the
more
:
For
knowing
that
he
was
very
rich
,
that
his
reputation
was
great
,
that
he
passed
for
the
First
Mover
in
Affairs
,
and
for
the
ablest
Man
in
all
the
Indies
,
he
doubted
not
,
but
that
after
the
Example
of
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
he
entertain'd
himself
with
big
hopes
.
All
this
certainly
would
have
been
able
to
perplex
an
ordinary
Spirit
,
but
Aureng-Zebe
found
a
Remedy
to
all
.
He
knew
to
remove
them
both
with
so
much
prudence
,
and
even
with
so
much
handsomness
,
that
neither
of
them
found
any
cause
to
complain
of
it
.
He
sent
them
both
against
Sultan
Sujah
with
a
puissant
Army
,
letting
Emir
secretly
know
,
that
the
Government
of
Bengale
,
which
is
the
best
quarter
of
Indostan
,
was
design'd
for
him
,
to
hold
it
during
his
life
,
and
for
his
Son
after
his
decease
;
and
that
thereby
he
would
begin
to
express
to
him
his
acknowledgments
for
the
great
Services
he
had
done
him
;
and
that
therefore
it
belonged
only
to
him
to
defeat
Sujah
,
and
that
as
soon
as
he
should
have
compassed
it
,
he
would
make
him
Mir-ul
Omrahs
,
which
is
the
first
and
the
most
honourable
place
of
Indostan
,
and
no
less
than
the
Prince
of
the
Omrahs
.
To
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
his
Son
,
he
said
only
these
few
words
:
Remember
that
thou
art
the
Eldest
of
my
Children
,
that
't
is
for
thy self
thou
goest
forth
to
fight
;
that
thou
hast
done
much
,
but
yet
nothing
,
if
thou
overcomest
not
Sujah
,
who
is
our
greatest
and
powerfullest
Enemy
;
I
hope
,
God
assisting
me
,
to
be
soon
Master
of
the
rest
.
With
these
words
he
dismissed
them
both
,
with
ordinary
honours
,
that
is
,
with
rich
Vests
,
some
Horses
and
Elephants
gallantly
harnessed
;
making
in
the
mean
time
Emir-Jemla
to
consent
,
that
his
only
Son
,
Mahmet-Emir-Kan
,
should
stay
with
him
for
a
good
Education
,
or
rather
for
a
Pledge
of
his
Fidelity
;
and
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
that
his
Wife
should
remain
in
Agra
(
which
was
the
Daughter
of
the
above-mention'd
King
of
Golkonda
)
as
too
troublesome
a
thing
in
an
Army
,
and
in
such
an
Expedition
.
Sultan
Sujah
,
who
was
always
in
the
apprehension
,
lest
the
Raja's
of
the
lower
Bengale
,
which
he
had
ill
treated
,
should
be
raised
against
him
,
and
who
feared
nothing
more
than
to
have
to
do
with
Emir-Jemla
,
had
no
sooner
received
this
News
,
but
apprehending
that
the
passage
to
Bengale
would
be
obstructed
,
and
that
Emir
would
pass
in
some
other
place
the
River
Ganges
,
either
lower
or
higher
than
Elabas
,
raised
his
Camp
,
and
went
down
to
Benares
and
Patna
,
whence
he
betook
himself
to
Mogiere
,
a
small
Town
seated
upon
the
Ganges
,
a
place
commonly
call'd
the
Key
of
the
Kingdom
of
Bengale
,
being
a
kind
of
Streight
between
the
Mountains
and
the
Woods
,
which
are
not
far
from
thence
.
He
thought
fit
to
stay
in
that
place
,
and
there
to
fortifie
himself
;
and
for
greater
safety
,
he
caused
a
great
Trench
to
be
made
,
which
I
have
seen
,
passing
that
way
some
years
after
,
from
the
Town
and
River
unto
the
Mountain
,
being
well
resolved
there
to
attend
Emir-Jemla
,
and
to
dispute
that
passage
with
him
.
But
he
was
sufficiently
astonish'd
,
when
he
was
told
,
that
the
Troops
of
Emir
,
which
slowly
descended
along
the
River
Ganges
,
were
certainly
for
nothing
but
to
amuse
him
;
that
himself
was
not
there
;
that
he
had
gained
the
Raja's
of
those
Mountains
,
which
are
on
the
right
hand
of
the
River
;
and
that
he
and
Sultan
Mahmoud
marched
apace
over
their
Lands
with
all
the
Flower
of
the
Army
,
drawing
straight
to
Rage-Mehalle
,
to
intercept
him
:
So
that
he
was
constrained
to
quit
,
as
soon
as
he
could
,
his
Fortifications
;
yet
notwithstanding
he
made
so
much
haste
,
that
though
he
was
obliged
to
follow
those
windings
,
which
the
River
Ganges
on
that
side
maketh
toward
the
left
hand
,
he
prevented
Emir
by
some
days
,
and
arrived
first
at
Rage-Mehalle
,
where
he
had
time
to
fortifie
himself
;
because
Emir
having
heard
this
News
,
took
his
March
to
the
left
hand
towards
Ganges
,
through
very
ill
ways
,
there
to
expect
his
Troops
,
which
came
down
with
the
Body
of
the
Artillery
and
the
Baggage
along
the
River
.
As
soon
as
all
was
come
,
he
went
to
attaque
Sultan
Sujah
,
who
defended
himself
very
well
for
five
or
six
days
;
but
seeing
that
the
Artillery
of
Emir
,
which
played
incessantly
,
ruined
all
his
Fortifications
,
which
were
made
but
of
sandy
Earth
and
Faggots
,
and
that
he
could
not
but
with
much
difficulty
make
resistance
in
that
place
,
besides
that
the
Season
of
the
Rain
began
,
he
retired
himself
,
at
the
favour
of
the
night
,
leaving
behind
two
great
Peeces
of
Cannon
.
Emir
durst
not
follow
him
in
the
night
,
for
fear
of
some
Ambush
,
putting
off
the
pursuit
'till
the
next
morning
:
But
Sujah
had
the
good
luck
,
that
at
the
break
of
day
there
began
to
fall
a
Rain
,
which
lasted
above
three
days
;
so
that
Emir
could
not
only
not
stir
out
of
Rage-Mehalle
,
but
saw
himself
obliged
to
pass
the
Winter
there
,
by
reason
of
the
excessive
Rains
in
that
Country
,
which
render
the
ways
so
troublesome
for
more
than
four
months
,
viz.
July
,
August
,
September
,
and
October
,
that
the
Armies
cannot
possibly
march
.
And
hereby
Sultan
Sujah
had
the
means
to
retire
himself
,
and
to
chuse
what
place
he
would
,
having
time
enough
to
fortifie
his
Army
,
and
to
send
out
of
the
inferiour
Bengale
for
many
Peeces
of
Cannon
,
and
a
good
number
of
Portugals
,
that
were
retired
thither
,
because
of
the
great
fertility
of
the
Countrey
:
For
he
much
courted
all
those
Portugal
Fathers
,
Missionaries
,
that
are
in
that
Province
,
promising
them
no
less
than
that
he
would
make
them
all
rich
,
and
build
Churches
for
them
wheresoever
they
would
.
And
they
were
indeed
capable
to
serve
him
,
it
being
certain
,
that
in
the
Kingdom
of
Bengale
there
are
to
be
found
no
less
than
eight
or
nine
thousand
Families
of
Franguis
,
Portugals
,
and
these
either
Natives
or
Mesticks
.
But
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
who
for
the
reason
above-mentioned
was
grown
fierce
,
and
aspired
perhaps
to
greater
things
than
at
that
time
he
ought
,
did
pretend
to
command
the
Army
absolutely
,
and
that
Emir-Jemla
should
follow
his
Orders
,
letting
also
from
time
to
time
fall
insolent
words
in
reference
to
his
Father
Aureng-Zebe
,
as
if
he
were
obliged
to
him
for
the
Crown
,
and
uttering
Expressions
of
contempt
and
threat
against
Emir-Jemla
;
which
caused
great
coldness
betwixt
them
two
,
which
lasted
a
pretty
while
,
until
Sultan
Mahmoud
understood
,
that
his
Father
was
very
much
dissatisfied
with
his
conduct
:
And
apprehending
,
lest
Emir
had
order
to
seize
on
his
person
,
he
went
away
to
Sultan
Sujah
,
accompanied
with
a
very
small
number
,
and
to
him
he
made
great
promises
,
and
swore
fidelity
.
But
Sujah
,
who
feared
Aureng-Zebe
and
Sultan
Sujah
,
and
returned
to
Emir
,
who
received
him
well
enough
,
assuring
him
,
that
he
would
write
in
his
behalf
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
do
his
utmost
to
make
him
forget
that
fault
.
I
think
fit
here
to
take
notice
,
on
the
by
,
of
what
many
have
told
me
,
viz.
That
this
Escape
of
Sultan
Mahmoud
was
altogether
made
by
the
Artifices
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
cared
not
much
to
hazard
this
Son
of
his
to
try
to
destroy
Sujah
,
and
who
was
glad
enough
,
that
whatever
the
Event
were
,
he
might
have
a
specious
pretence
to
put
him
in
a
place
of
surety
.
However
it
be
,
he
afterwards
shew'd
himself
much
dissatisfied
with
him
,
and
wrote
to
him
a
severe
Letter
,
in
which
he
enjoyn'd
him
to
return
to
Dehli
,
but
giving
order
in
the
mean
time
,
that
he
should
not
come
so
far
:
For
he
no
sooner
had
passed
the
River
Ganges
,
but
he
met
with
Troops
that
stopp'd
him
,
and
put
him
up
in
a
small
Chair
,
(
as
was
done
to
Morad-Bakche
)
and
carried
him
to
Goualeor
,
whence
't
is
thought
he
will
never
be
set
at
liberty
:
Aureng-Zebe
by
this
means
freeing
himself
from
great
perplexity
;
who
then
also
let
his
second
Son
,
Sultan
Mazum
,
know
,
that
the
point
of
Reigning
is
so
delicate
a
thing
,
that
Kings
must
be
jealous
even
of
their
own
shadow
;
adding
,
that
if
he
be
not
discreet
,
the
like
may
befall
him
what
had
befallen
his
Brother
,
and
that
he
ought
to
think
Aureng-Zebe
was
not
a
Man
,
that
would
suffer
that
to
be
done
to
himself
,
what
Chah-Jehan
did
to
his
Father
Jehan-Guyre
,
and
what
he
had
also
lately
seen
done
to
Chah-Jehan
.
And
indeed
we
may
on
this
occasion
say
,
that
if
this
Son
continue
to
behave
himself
as
he
hath
done
hitherto
,
Aureng-Zebe
will
have
no
cause
to
suspect
him
,
and
to
be
dissatisfied
with
him
:
For
no
Slave
can
be
more
tractable
,
and
Aureng-Zebe
himself
never
appear'd
more
careless
of
Greatness
,
nor
more
given
to
Devotion
than
he
:
Yet
I
have
known
Men
of
Parts
,
who
believed
,
that
he
is
not
so
in
good
earnest
,
but
by
superlative
policy
and
craft
,
like
that
of
his
Father
,
which
we
may
have
the
proof
of
in
time
.
Whilst
all
these
things
were
thus
transacted
in
Bengale
,
and
that
Sultan
Sujah
resisted
the
best
he
could
the
Forces
of
Emir-Jemla
,
passing
now
on
one
side
of
the
River
Ganges
,
of
a
Channel
,
or
some
other
River
,
(
for
that
Countrey
is
full
of
them
)
then
on
the
other
;
Aureng-Zebe
kept
himself
about
Agra
,
going
to
and
fro
;
and
at
length
,
after
he
had
also
sent
Morad-Bakche
to
Goualeor
,
he
came
to
Dehli
,
where
in
good
earnest
he
took
upon
him
publickly
to
act
the
King
,
giving
order
for
all
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
especially
thinking
on
means
to
catch
Dara
,
and
to
get
him
out
of
Guzaratte
,
which
was
a
very
hard
thing
,
for
the
Reasons
already
mentioned
.
But
the
great
good
Fortune
,
and
the
singular
dexterity
of
Aureng-Zebe
soon
drew
him
thence
;
which
now
follows
next
to
be
related
.
Jessomseigne
,
who
had
retired
himself
to
his
Countrey
,
and
made
the
best
of
what
he
had
taken
in
the
Battel
of
Kadjoue
,
raised
a
strong
Army
,
and
wrote
to
Dara
,
that
he
should
come
to
Agra
as
soon
as
he
could
,
and
that
he
would
joyn
with
his
Forces
.
Dara
,
who
had
by
this
time
set
on
foot
a
pretty
numerous
Army
(
though
it
consisted
,
for
the
most
part
,
but
of
gathered
people
)
and
who
hoped
,
that
approaching
to
Agra
,
many
of
his
old
Friends
,
seeing
him
with
Jessomseigne
,
would
not
fail
to
joyn
with
him
also
,
immediately
leaveth
Amadevad
,
and
marcheth
with
great
speed
to
Asmire
,
seven
or
eight
days
journey
from
Agra
.
But
Jessomseigne
kept
not
his
word
with
him
:
The
Raja
Jesseigne
interposed
to
make
his
peace
with
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
to
fasten
him
to
his
Party
;
or
,
at
least
,
to
hinder
his
Design
,
which
was
capable
to
ruin
himself
,
and
to
make
all
the
Raja's
rise
;
and
wrote
to
him
several
Letters
,
giving
him
to
understand
the
great
danger
he
went
to
expose
himself
to
,
by
espousing
a
Party
in
that
extremity
,
as
that
of
And
now
what
could
this
poor
Prince
Dara
do
?
He
seeth
himself
abandoned
,
and
frustrated
of
his
hopes
.
He
considers
,
that
to
turn
back
safe
to
Amadevad
was
impossible
,
in
regard
that
it
was
a
March
of
thirty
and
five
days
;
that
it
was
in
the
heart
of
Summer
;
that
water
would
fail
him
;
that
they
were
all
the
Lands
of
Raja's
,
Friends
or
Allies
of
Jesseigne
or
Jessomseigne
;
that
the
Army
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
which
was
not
harassed
like
his
,
would
not
fail
to
follow
him
.
'T
is
as
good
,
saith
he
,
to
perish
here
;
and
although
the
Match
be
altogether
unequal
,
let
us
venture
all
,
and
give
Battel
once
more
.
But
alas
!
what
does
he
mean
to
do
?
He
is
not
only
abandoned
by
all
,
but
he
hath
yet
with
him
Chab-Navaze-Kan
,
whom
he
trusts
,
and
who
betrays
him
,
and
discovers
all
his
Designs
to
Aureng-Zebe
.
'T
is
true
,
that
Chah-Navaze-Kan
was
punish'd
for
his
perfidiousness
,
and
killed
in
the
Battel
,
whether
it
was
by
the
hands
of
Dara
himself
,
as
many
told
me
,
or
(
which
is
more
probable
)
by
some
of
The
Fight
began
between
Nine
and
Ten
of
the
Clock
in
the
morning
▪
Raja
Jesseigne
would
have
done
what
he
could
,
he
could
never
have
escaped
;
but
he
always
had
a
respect
to
the
Royal
Family
;
or
rather
,
he
was
too
crafty
and
politick
,
and
had
too
great
forecast
,
to
venture
to
lay
hands
on
a
Prince
of
the
Blood.
This
unfortunate
Prince
,
deserted
by
almost
all
,
and
finding
himself
accompanied
but
of
two
thousand
Men
at
most
,
was
forced
in
the
hottest
of
Summer
to
cross
,
without
Tents
or
Baggage
,
all
those
Countries
of
the
Raja's
,
that
are
almost
from
Asmire
to
Amadevad
.
Mean
time
the
Koullis
,
which
are
the
Countrey
People
,
and
the
worst
of
all
the
Indies
,
and
the
greatest
Robbers
,
follow
him
night
and
day
,
rifle
and
kill
his
Souldiers
,
with
so
much
cruelty
,
that
no
Man
could
stay
two
hundred
paces
behind
the
Body
,
but
he
was
presently
stripp'd
naked
,
or
butcher'd
upon
the
least
resistance
.
Yet
notwithstanding
,
Dara
made
shift
to
get
near
Amadevad
,
when
he
hoped
,
that
the
next
day
,
or
soon
after
,
he
should
enter
into
the
Town
to
refresh
himself
,
and
to
try
once
more
to
gather
again
some
Forces
:
But
all
things
fall
out
contrary
to
vanquished
and
unfortunate
Men.
The
Governour
,
whom
he
had
left
in
the
Castle
of
Amadevad
,
had
already
received
both
menacing
and
promising
Letters
from
Aureng-Zebe
,
which
made
him
lose
courage
,
and
incline
to
that
side
;
in
so
much
that
he
wrote
to
Dara
,
forbidding
him
to
come
nearer
,
if
he
did
,
he
would
find
the
Gates
shut
,
and
all
in
Arms.
Three
days
before
I
met
this
unhappy
Prince
,
by
a
strange
accident
,
when
he
obliged
me
to
follow
him
;
having
no
Physitian
about
him
;
and
the
night
before
that
he
received
this
News
from
the
Governour
of
Amadevad
,
he
did
me
the
favour
to
make
me
come
into
the
Karavan-Serrak
where
he
was
,
fearing
lest
the
Koullis
should
assassinate
me
;
And
(
what
is
hard
enough
to
believe
in
Indostan
,
where
the
Crandees
especially
are
so
jealous
of
their
Wives
)
I
was
so
near
to
the
Wife
of
this
Prince
,
that
the
Cords
of
the
Kanates
,
or
Wind-screen
,
which
enclosed
them
(
for
they
had
not
so
much
as
a
poor
Tent
)
were
fastened
to
the
Wheels
of
my
Chariot
.
I
relate
this
circumstance
by
the
by
only
,
to
shew
the
extremity
Dara
was
reduced
to
.
When
these
Women
heard
this
sad
news
(
which
was
at
the
break
of
day
,
as
I
well
remember
)
they
broke
out
upon
a
sudden
into
such
strange
cryes
and
lamentations
,
that
they
forced
tears
from
ones
Eyes
.
And
now
behold
all
was
in
an
unexpressible
confusion
:
Every
one
looks
upon
his
neighbour
,
and
no
body
knows
what
to
do
,
or
what
will
become
of
him
.
Soon
after
we
saw
Dara
come
forth
,
half
dead
,
now
speaking
to
one
,
then
another
,
even
to
the
meanest
Souldiers
.
He
seeth
all
astonish'd
,
and
ready
to
abandon
him
.
What
counsel
?
whither
can
be
go
?
he
must
be
gone
instantly
.
You
may
judge
of
the
extremity
he
must
needs
be
in
,
by
this
small
accident
I
am
going
to
mention
.
Of
three
great
Oxen
of
Guzaratte
,
which
I
had
for
my
Chariot
,
one
died
the
night
before
,
another
was
dying
,
and
the
third
was
tyred
out
(
for
we
had
been
forced
to
march
for
three
days
together
,
almost
night
and
day
,
in
an
intolerable
heat
and
dust
:
)
Whatever
Dara
could
say
or
command
,
whether
he
alledged
it
was
for
himself
,
or
for
one
of
his
Women
that
was
hurt
in
her
Leg
,
or
for
me
;
he
could
not
possibly
procure
for
me
,
whether
Oxe
,
or
Camel
,
or
Horse
:
So
that
he
was
obliged
,
to
my
good
fortune
,
to
leave
me
there
.
I
saw
him
march
away
,
and
that
with
tears
in
his
Eyes
,
accompanied
with
four
or
five
hundred
Cavaliers
at
most
,
and
with
two
Elephants
,
that
were
said
to
be
laden
with
Gold
and
Silver
;
and
I
heard
them
say
,
that
they
were
to
take
their
march
towards
Tatabakar
;
for
he
had
no
other
Game
to
play
,
though
even
that
seem'd
in
a
manner
impossible
,
considering
the
small
number
of
people
left
him
,
and
the
great
sandy
Desarts
to
be
waded
through
in
the
hottest
season
,
most
of
them
without
water
fit
to
drink
.
And
indeed
most
of
those
that
follow'd
him
,
and
even
divers
of
his
Women
,
did
there
perish
,
either
of
drought
,
or
the
nnwholesome
waters
,
or
the
tiresome
ways
and
ill
food
,
or
lastly
,
because
stripped
by
the
Koullis
above-mention'd
.
Yet
notwithstanding
all
this
,
Dara
made
hard
shift
to
get
to
the
Raja
Katche
;
unhappy
even
herein
,
that
he
perish'd
not
himself
in
this
March.
This
Raja
at
first
gave
him
a
very
good
reception
,
even
so
far
as
to
promise
him
assistance
with
all
his
Forces
,
provided
he
would
give
his
Daughter
in
Marriage
to
his
Son.
But
Jesseigne
soon
wrought
as
much
with
this
Raja
,
as
he
had
done
with
●essomseigne
.
So
that
Dara
one
day
seeing
the
kindness
of
this
Barbarian
cooled
upon
a
sudden
,
and
that
consequently
his
Person
was
in
danger
there
,
he
betakes
himself
to
the
pursuit
of
his
Expedition
to
Tatabakar
.
To
relate
how
I
got
away
from
those
Robbers
,
the
Koullis
,
in
what
manner
I
moved
them
to
compassion
,
how
I
saved
the
best
part
of
my
small
Treasure
,
how
we
became
good
friends
by
the
means
of
my
profession
of
Physick
,
my
Servants
(
perplexed
as
well
as
my self
)
swearing
that
I
was
the
greatest
Physitian
of
the
World
,
and
that
the
People
of
Dara
,
at
their
going
away
,
had
ill
treated
me
,
and
taken
from
me
all
my
best
things
:
How
,
after
having
kept
me
with
them
seven
or
eight
days
,
they
had
so
much
kindness
and
generosity
,
as
to
lend
me
an
Oxe
,
and
to
conduct
me
so
far
,
that
I
was
in
sight
of
Amadevad
:
And
lastly
,
how
from
thence
after
some
days
I
returned
to
Dehli
,
having
lighted
on
an
occasion
to
go
with
a
certain
Omrah
passing
thither
;
in
which
Journey
I
met
from
time
to
time
,
on
the
way
,
with
Carkasses
of
Men
,
Elephants
,
Oxen
,
Horses
,
and
Camels
,
the
remainder
of
that
unfortunate
Army
of
Dara
.
These
are
things
,
I
say
,
I
must
not
insist
upon
to
describe
them
.
Whilst
Dara
advanced
towards
Tatabakar
,
the
War
continues
in
Bengale
,
and
much
longer
than
was
believed
,
Sultan
Sujah
putting
forth
his
utmost
,
and
playing
his
last
Game
against
Emir-Jemla
:
Yet
this
did
not
much
trouble
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
knew
't
was
a
great
way
between
Bengale
and
Agra
,
and
was
sufficiently
convinced
of
the
prudence
and
valour
of
Emir-Jemla
.
That
which
disquieted
him
much
more
was
,
that
he
saw
Soliman
Chekouh
so
near
(
for
from
Agra
to
the
Mountains
't
is
but
eight
days
journey
)
whom
he
could
not
master
,
and
who
perpetually
allarmd
him
by
the
rumours
that
went
continually
about
,
as
if
he
were
coming
down
the
Mountains
with
the
Raja
.
'T
is
certainly
very
hard
to
draw
him
thence
:
But
behold
how
he
manages
the
matter
to
compass
it
.
He
maketh
the
Raja
Jesseigne
write
one
Letter
after
another
to
the
Raja
of
Serenaguer
,
promising
him
very
great
things
,
if
he
would
surrender
Soliman
Chekouh
to
him
,
and
menacing
War
at
the
same
time
,
if
he
should
obstinately
keep
him
.
The
Raja
answers
,
that
he
would
rather
lose
his
Estate
,
than
do
so
unworthy
an
action
.
And
Aureng-Zebe
,
seeing
his
resolution
,
taketh
the
Field
,
and
marcheth
directly
to
the
foot
of
the
Hills
,
and
with
an
infinite
number
of
Pike-men
causeth
the
Rocks
to
be
cut
,
and
the
passage
to
be
widen'd
.
But
the
Raja
laughs
at
all
that
;
neither
hath
he
much
cause
to
fear
on
that
side
.
Aureng-Zebe
may
cut
long
enough
,
they
are
Mountains
inaccessible
to
an
Army
,
and
stones
would
be
sufficient
to
stop
the
Forces
of
four
Indostans
;
so
that
he
was
constrained
to
turn
back
again
.
Dara
in
the
mean
time
approacheth
to
the
Fortress
of
Tatabakar
,
and
when
he
was
but
two
or
three
days
journey
off
,
he
received
News
,
that
Mir-baba
,
who
had
long
held
it
besieged
,
had
at
length
reduced
it
to
extremity
:
As
I
afterwards
learned
of
our
French
,
and
other
Franguis
that
were
there
,
a
pound
of
Rice
and
Meat
having
cost
there
above
a
Crown
,
and
so
of
other
Victuals
in
proportion
:
Yet
the
Governour
held
out
;
made
Sallies
,
which
extremely
incommoded
the
Enemy
;
and
shew'd
all
possible
prudence
,
courage
,
and
fidelity
;
deriding
the
endeavours
of
the
General
,
Mir-baba
,
and
all
the
menaces
and
promises
of
Aureng-Zebe
.
And
this
also
I
learned
afterwards
of
my
Countrey-men
,
the
French
,
and
of
all
those
other
Franguis
that
were
with
him
;
who
added
,
that
when
he
heard
that
Dara
was
not
far
off
,
he
redoubled
his
liberalities
,
and
knew
so
well
to
gain
the
hearts
of
all
his
Souldiers
,
and
to
encourage
them
to
do
bravely
,
that
there
was
not
one
of
them
,
that
was
not
resolved
to
sally
out
upon
the
Enemy
,
and
to
hazard
all
to
raise
the
Siege
,
and
to
make
Dara
enter
;
and
that
he
also
knew
so
well
to
cast
fear
and
terrour
into
the
Camp
of
Mir-baba
,
by
sending
Spies
about
very
cunningly
to
assure
,
that
they
had
seen
Dara
approach
with
great
resolution
,
and
very
good
Forces
;
that
if
he
had
come
,
as
was
believed
he
would
do
every
moment
,
the
Army
of
the
Enemy
was
for
disbanding
upon
his
appearance
,
and
even
in
part
to
go
over
to
him
.
But
he
is
still
too
unfortunate
,
to
undertake
any
thing
prosperously
.
Believing
therefore
,
that
to
raise
the
Siege
with
such
an
handful
of
Men
as
he
had
was
impossible
,
he
did
deliberate
to
pass
the
River
Indus
,
and
to
endeavour
to
get
into
Persia
;
although
that
also
would
have
had
mighty
difficulties
and
inconveniencies
,
by
reason
of
the
Desarts
,
and
the
small
quantity
of
good
waters
in
those
parts
;
besides
,
that
upon
those
Frontiers
there
are
but
mean
Rajas
and
Patans
,
who
acknowledge
neither
the
Persian
nor
the
Mogol
.
But
his
Wife
did
very
much
diswade
him
from
it
,
for
this
weak
reason
,
that
he
must
,
if
he
did
so
,
expect
to
see
his
Wife
and
Daughter
Slaves
of
the
King
of
Persia
;
that
that
was
a
thing
altogether
unworthy
of
the
Grandeur
of
his
Family
,
and
't
was
better
to
dye
,
than
to
undergo
this
infamy
.
Dara
,
being
in
great
perplexity
,
remembred
,
that
there
was
thereabout
a
certain
Patan
,
powerful
enough
,
called
Gion-Kan
,
whose
Life
he
had
formerly
saved
twice
,
when
Chah-Jehan
had
commanded
he
should
be
cast
under
the
feet
of
an
Elephant
,
for
having
rebelled
divers
times
:
He
resolved
to
go
to
him
,
hoping
that
he
could
give
him
sufficient
Succours
to
raise
the
Siege
of
Tatabakar
;
making
account
,
that
thence
he
would
take
his
Treasure
,
and
that
going
from
thence
,
and
gaining
Kandahar
,
he
could
cast
himself
into
the
Kingdom
of
Caboul
,
having
great
hopes
of
Mohabet-Kan
,
who
was
Governour
of
it
,
because
he
was
both
potent
and
valiant
,
well
beloved
of
his
Countrey
,
and
had
obtained
this
Government
by
his
(
Dara's
)
favour
.
But
his
Grandchild
,
Sepe-Chekouh
,
yet
but
very
young
,
seeing
his
design
,
cast
himself
at
his
Feet
,
intreating
him
for
God's
sake
,
not
to
enter
into
the
Countrey
of
that
Patan
.
His
Wife
and
Daughter
did
the
same
,
remonstrating
to
him
,
that
he
was
a
Robber
,
a
revolted
Governour
,
that
he
would
infallibly
betray
him
;
that
he
ought
not
to
stand
upon
the
raising
of
the
Siege
,
but
rather
endeavour
to
gain
Caboul
,
that
the
thing
was
not
impossible
,
forasmuch
as
Mir-baba
was
not
like
to
quit
the
Siege
to
follow
him
,
and
to
hinder
him
from
getting
thither
.
Dara
,
being
carried
head-long
by
the
force
of
his
unhappy
Destiny
,
rejected
this
counsel
,
and
would
hearken
to
nothing
of
what
was
proposed
to
him
,
saying
,
as
was
true
,
that
the
March
would
be
very
difficult
,
and
very
dangerous
;
and
maintaining
always
,
that
Gion-Kan
would
not
be
so
mean
,
as
to
betray
him
,
after
all
the
good
he
had
done
him
.
He
departed
,
notwithstanding
all
that
could
be
said
to
him
,
and
went
to
prove
,
at
the
price
of
his
Life
,
That
no
trust
is
to
be
given
to
a
wicked
Man.
This
Robber
,
who
at
first
believed
that
he
had
numerous
Troops
following
him
,
gave
him
the
fairest
reception
that
could
be
,
and
entertained
him
with
very
great
kindness
and
civility
in
appearance
,
placing
his
Souldiers
here
and
there
among
his
Subjects
,
with
a
strict
order
to
treat
them
well
,
and
to
give
them
what
refreshments
the
Countrey
afforded
:
But
when
he
found
that
he
had
not
above
two
or
three
hundred
Men
in
all
,
he
quickly
show'd
what
he
was
.
It
is
not
known
,
whether
he
had
not
received
some
Letters
from
Aureng
Zebe
,
or
whether
his
avarice
had
not
been
tempted
by
some
Mules
said
to
be
laden
with
Gold
;
which
was
all
that
could
be
saved
hitherto
,
as
well
from
the
hands
of
Robbers
,
as
of
those
that
conveyed
it
.
Whatever
it
be
,
on
a
certain
morning
,
when
no
body
looked
for
any
such
thing
,
all
being
taken
up
with
the
care
of
refreshing
themselves
,
and
believing
all
to
be
safe
;
behold
this
Traitor
,
who
had
bestirr'd
himself
all
night
to
get
armed
Men
from
all
parts
,
fell
upon
Dara
and
Sepe-Chekouh
,
killed
some
of
their
Men
that
stood
up
to
defend
themselves
;
forgot
not
to
seize
on
the
loads
of
the
Mules
,
and
of
all
the
Jewels
of
the
Women
;
made
Dara
to
be
tyed
fast
upon
an
Elephant
,
commanding
the
Executioner
to
sit
behind
,
and
to
cut
off
his
head
upon
the
least
sign
given
,
in
case
he
should
be
seen
to
resist
,
or
that
any
one
should
attempt
to
deliver
him
.
And
in
this
strange
posture
he
was
carried
to
the
Army
before
Tatabakar
,
where
he
put
him
into
the
hands
of
Mir-baba
,
the
General
,
who
caused
him
to
be
conducted
in
the
company
of
this
same
Traitor
to
Lahor
,
and
thence
to
Dehli
.
When
he
was
at
the
Gates
of
Dehli
,
it
was
deliberated
by
Aureng-Zebe
,
whether
he
should
be
made
to
pass
through
the
midst
of
the
City
,
or
no
,
to
carry
him
thence
to
Goualeor
.
Many
did
advise
,
that
that
was
by
no
means
to
be
done
;
that
some
disorder
might
arise
;
that
some
might
come
to
save
him
;
and
besides
,
that
it
would
be
a
great
dishonour
to
the
Family
Royal.
Others
maintained
the
contrary
,
viz.
That
it
was
absolutely
necessary
he
should
pass
through
the
Town
,
to
astonish
the
World
,
and
to
shew
the
absolute
Power
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
and
to
disabuse
the
People
,
that
might
still
doubt
,
whether
it
were
himself
,
as
indeed
many
Omrahs
did
doubt
;
and
to
take
away
all
hopes
from
those
,
who
still
preserved
some
affection
for
him
.
The
Opinion
of
these
last
was
followed
;
he
was
put
on
an
Elephant
,
his
Grand-child
,
Sepe-Chekouh
,
at
his
side
;
and
behind
them
was
placed
Bhadur-Kan
,
as
an
Executioner
.
This
was
none
of
those
brave
Elephants
of
Ceilan
or
Pegu
,
which
he
was
wont
to
ride
on
,
with
gilt
Harness
and
embroidered
Covers
,
and
Seats
with
Canopies
very
handsomely
painted
and
gilt
,
to
defend
themselves
from
the
Sun
:
It
was
an
old
Caitiff
Animal
,
very
dirty
and
nasty
,
with
an
old
torn
Cover
,
and
a
pitiful
Seat
,
all
open
.
There
was
no
more
seen
about
him
,
that
Necklace
of
big
Pearls
,
which
those
Princes
are
wont
to
wear
,
nor
those
rich
Turbants
and
Vests
embroider'd
.
All
his
Dress
was
a
Vest
of
course
Linnen
,
all
dirty
,
and
a
Turbant
of
the
same
,
with
a
wretched
Scarf
of
Kachimere
over
his
head
,
like
a
Varlet
;
his
Grand-son
,
Sepe-Chekouh
,
being
in
the
same
equipage
.
In
this
miserable
posture
he
was
made
to
enter
into
the
Town
,
and
to
pass
through
the
greatest
Merchant-streets
,
to
the
end
that
all
the
People
might
see
him
,
and
entertain
no
doubt
any
more
whether
it
was
he
.
As
for
me
,
I
fancied
we
went
to
see
some
strange
Massacre
,
and
was
astonish'd
at
the
boldness
of
making
him
thus
pass
through
the
Town
;
and
that
the
more
,
because
I
knew
that
he
was
very
ill
guarded
,
neither
was
I
ignorant
,
that
he
was
very
much
beloved
by
the
lower
sort
of
people
,
who
at
that
time
exclaimed
highly
against
the
cruelty
and
tyranny
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
as
one
that
kept
his
Father
in
prison
,
as
also
his
own
Son
Sultan
Mahmoud
,
and
his
Brother
Morad-Bakche
.
I
was
well
prepar'd
for
it
,
and
with
a
good
Horse
and
two
good
Men
I
went
,
together
with
two
others
of
my
Friends
,
to
place
my self
in
the
greatest
street
,
where
he
was
to
pass
.
But
not
one
Man
had
the
boldness
to
draw
his
Sword
,
only
there
were
some
of
the
Fakires
,
and
with
them
some
poor
people
,
who
seeing
that
infamous
Gion-Kan
ride
by
his
side
,
began
to
rail
and
throw
stones
at
him
,
and
to
call
him
Traitor
.
All
the
shops
were
ready
to
break
for
the
crowd
of
Spectators
,
that
wept
bitterly
;
and
there
was
heard
nothing
but
loud
Out-cryes
and
Lamentations
,
Invectives
,
and
Curses
,
heaped
on
Gion-Kan
.
In
a
word
,
Men
and
Women
,
great
and
small
(
such
is
the
tenderness
of
the
hearts
of
the
Indians
)
were
ready
to
melt
into
tears
for
compassion
;
but
not
one
there
was
that
durst
stir
to
rescue
him
.
Now
after
he
had
thus
passed
through
the
Town
,
he
was
put
into
a
Garden
called
Heider-Abad
.
There
were
not
wanting
to
tell
Aureng-Zebe
,
how
the
People
at
this
sight
had
lamented
Dara
,
and
cursed
the
Patan
,
that
had
deliver'd
him
▪
and
how
the
same
was
in
danger
to
have
been
stoned
to
death
,
as
also
that
there
had
been
a
great
apprehension
of
some
sedition
and
mischief
.
Hereupon
another
Council
was
held
,
whether
he
should
indeed
be
carried
to
Goualeor
,
as
had
been
concluded
before
;
or
whether
it
were
not
more
expedient
to
put
him
to
death
,
without
more
ado
?
Some
were
of
opinion
,
that
he
should
go
to
Goualeor
with
a
strong
Guard
,
that
that
would
be
enough
;
Danechmend-Kan
,
though
The
Charge
of
this
Tragical
Execution
was
given
to
a
certain
Slave
,
call'd
Nazer
,
that
had
been
bred
by
Chah-Jehan
,
and
was
known
to
have
been
formerly
ill
treated
by
Dara
.
This
Executioner
,
accompanied
with
three
or
four
Parricides
more
,
went
to
Dara
,
who
was
then
himself
dressing
some
Lentils
with
Sepe-Chekouh
his
Grandchild
.
He
no
sooner
saw
Nazer
,
but
cryed
out
to
Sepe-Chekouh
,
My
dear
Son
,
behold
those
that
come
to
kill
us
!
laying
hold
at
the
same
time
of
a
small
Knife
,
which
was
all
the
Arms
that
were
left
him
.
One
of
these
Butchers
immediately
fell
upon
Sepe-Chekouh
;
the
others
,
upon
the
arms
and
legs
of
Dara
,
throwing
him
to
the
ground
,
and
holding
him
under
,
'till
Nazer
cut
his
throat
.
His
Head
was
forthwith
carried
to
the
Fortress
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
presently
commanded
it
to
be
put
in
a
dish
,
and
that
water
should
be
fetch'd
;
which
when
brought
,
he
wiped
it
off
with
an
Handkerchief
,
and
after
he
had
caused
the
Face
to
be
washed
clean
,
and
the
blood
done
away
,
and
was
fully
satisfied
that
it
was
the
very
head
of
Dara
,
he
fell
a
weeping
,
and
said
these
words
;
Ah
Bed-bakt
!
Ah
unfortunate
Man
!
Take
it
away
,
and
bury
it
in
the
Sepulchre
of
Houmayon
.
At
night
,
the
Daughter
of
Dara
was
brought
into
the
Seraglio
,
but
afterwards
sent
to
Chah-Jehan
,
and
Begum-Saheb
,
who
asked
her
of
Aureng-Zebe
.
Concerning
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Governour
of
Tatabakar
,
by
the
same
Orders
that
had
been
required
of
Dara
,
was
obliged
to
surrender
the
Fortress
.
It
was
indeed
upon
such
a
composition
as
he
would
have
,
but
it
was
also
with
an
intention
not
to
keep
word
with
him
.
For
the
poor
Eunuch
,
arriving
at
Lahor
,
was
cut
in
pieces
,
together
with
those
few
Men
he
had
then
with
him
,
by
Kalil-ullah-kan
,
who
was
Governour
thereof
.
But
the
reason
of
the
non-observance
of
the
Capitulation
was
,
that
there
was
come
intelligence
,
that
he
secretly
prepar'd
himself
to
go
directly
to
Soliman-Chekouh
,
sparing
no
Gold
,
which
under-hand
he
conveyed
into
the
hands
of
our
Franguis
,
and
to
all
those
that
were
come
with
him
out
of
the
Fortress
to
follow
him
,
under
pretext
of
accompanying
him
as
far
as
Dehli
to
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
had
often
said
,
that
he
should
be
very
glad
to
see
so
gallant
a
Man
,
and
who
had
so
valiantly
defended
himself
.
There
remained
therefore
none
of
the
Family
of
Dara
,
but
Soliman-Chekouh
,
who
could
not
easily
be
drawn
away
from
Serenaguer
,
if
the
Raja
had
been
steady
to
his
first
Declarations
.
But
the
secret
practises
of
the
Raja
Jesseigne
,
the
promises
and
threats
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
the
death
of
Dara
,
and
the
other
Rajas
his
Neighbours
that
had
been
gain'd
,
and
were
prepared
by
the
Orders
,
and
at
the
cost
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
to
make
War
against
him
,
did
at
last
shake
the
Faith
of
this
perfidious
Protector
,
and
made
him
consent
to
their
demands
.
Sepe-Chekouh
,
who
was
advertised
of
it
,
fled
through
the
midst
of
those
horrid
Countries
and
fearful
Desarts
,
towards
the
great
Tibet
.
But
the
Son
of
the
Raja
,
soon
pursuing
and
overtaking
him
,
caused
him
to
be
assaulted
with
stones
.
The
poor
Prince
was
hurt
,
seized
,
and
carried
to
Dehli
,
where
he
was
imprison'd
in
Serenguer
,
that
little
Fortress
,
where
at
first
they
had
put
Morad-Bakche
.
Aureng-Zebe
,
to
observe
what
he
had
practised
towards
Dara
,
and
that
no
body
might
doubt
it
was
Soliman-Chekouh
himself
,
commanded
him
to
be
brought
before
him
in
the
presence
of
all
the
Grandees
of
the
Court.
At
the
entry
of
the
Gate
,
the
Chains
were
taken
from
his
feet
,
leaving
those
he
had
about
his
hands
,
which
seemed
gilt
.
When
this
proper
young
Man
,
so
handsome
and
gallant
,
was
seen
to
enter
,
there
was
a
good
number
of
Omrahs
that
could
not
hold
their
tears
;
and
,
as
I
was
informed
,
all
the
great
Ladies
of
the
Court
,
that
had
leave
to
see
him
come
in
,
fell
a
weeping
.
Aureng-Zebe
,
who
appear'd
himself
to
be
touched
at
his
misfortunes
,
began
to
speak
very
kindly
to
him
,
and
to
comfort
him
;
telling
him
amongst
other
things
,
that
he
should
fear
nothing
,
that
no
hurt
should
be
done
to
him
;
on
the
contrary
,
that
he
should
be
well
treated
,
and
therefore
be
of
good
courage
;
that
he
had
caused
his
Father
to
be
put
to
death
for
no
other
reason
,
than
that
he
was
turn'd
Kafer
,
and
a
Man
without
Religion
.
Whereupon
this
young
Prince
return'd
him
the
Salem
,
and
blessed
him
,
abasing
his
hands
to
the
earth
,
and
lifting
them
,
as
well
as
he
could
,
up
to
his
head
,
after
the
custom
of
the
Countrey
;
and
told
him
with
resolution
enough
,
That
if
he
were
to
drink
the
Poust
,
he
intreated
him
that
he
might
dye
presently
,
being
very
willing
to
submit
to
his
Fate
.
But
Aureng-Zebe
promised
him
publickly
,
that
he
should
drink
none
of
it
;
that
he
should
rest
satisfied
as
to
that
,
and
not
entertain
any
sad
thoughts
about
it
.
This
being
said
,
he
once
more
repeated
the
Salem
:
And
after
they
had
asked
him
several
Questions
,
in
the
Name
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
touching
that
Elephant
which
was
charged
with
Roupies
of
Gold
,
taken
from
him
when
he
went
to
Serenaguer
,
he
was
sent
to
Goualeor
to
the
rest
.
This
Poust
is
nothing
else
but
Poppy
expressed
,
and
infused
a
night
in
water
.
And
't
is
that
potion
,
which
those
that
are
kept
at
Goualeor
,
are
commonly
made
to
drink
;
I
mean
those
Princes
,
whose
heads
they
think
not
fit
to
cut
off
:
This
is
the
first
thing
that
is
brought
them
in
the
morning
,
and
they
have
nothing
given
them
to
eat
'till
they
have
drunk
a
great
cup
full
of
it
;
they
would
rather
let
them
starve
.
This
emaciates
them
exceedingly
,
and
maketh
them
dye
insensibly
,
they
losing
little
by
little
their
strength
and
understanding
,
and
growing
torpid
and
senseless
.
And
by
this
very
means
't
is
said
,
that
Sepe-Chekouh
,
and
the
Grandchild
of
Morad-Bakche
,
and
Soliman-Chekouh
,
were
dispach'd
.
As
to
Morad-Bakche
,
he
was
made
away
by
a
more
violent
death
.
For
Aureng-Zebe
seeing
,
that
though
he
was
in
prison
,
yet
the
generality
had
an
inclination
to
him
,
and
that
many
Verses
were
spread
in
the
praise
of
his
Valour
and
Courage
,
thought
himself
not
safe
enough
by
putting
him
to
death
in
private
,
by
giving
him
Poust
like
others
;
apprehending
,
that
his
Death
would
be
still
doubted
of
,
and
that
that
might
one
time
or
other
occasion
some
commotion
,
and
therefore
devised
the
following
Charge
against
him
.
The
Children
of
a
certain
Sayed
,
very
rich
,
whom
he
had
caused
to
be
put
to
death
in
Amadevad
,
to
get
his
Estate
,
when
he
there
made
his
preparations
for
War
,
and
borrowed
or
took
by
force
great
Sums
of
Money
from
all
the
rich
Merchants
,
appeared
in
full
Assembly
,
making
their
complaints
,
and
demanding
Justice
,
and
the
Head
of
Morad-Bakche
,
for
the
Blood
of
their
Father
.
Not
one
of
the
Omrahs
durst
contradict
it
,
both
because
he
was
a
Sayed
,
that
is
,
one
of
There
remained
no
other
Thorn
in
the
Foot
of
Aureng-Zebe
but
Sultan
Sujah
,
who
kept
himself
still
in
Bengale
;
but
he
also
was
forced
to
yield
at
last
to
the
power
and
fortune
of
Aureng-Zebe
.
There
were
sent
so
many
Troops
of
all
sorts
to
Emir-Femla
,
that
at
last
he
was
encompassed
on
all
sides
,
both
on
this
and
that
side
of
the
River
Ganges
;
so
that
he
was
necessitated
to
flye
to
Dake
,
which
is
the
last
Town
of
Bengale
on
the
Sea
side
;
and
here
comes
the
conclusion
of
this
whole
Tragedy
.
This
Prince
being
destitute
of
Ships
to
put
to
Sea
,
and
not
knowing
whither
to
flye
,
sent
his
eldest
Son
,
Sultan
Banque
,
to
the
King
of
Racan
or
Moy
,
a
Heathen
or
Idolatrous
King
,
to
know
whether
he
would
give
him
leave
to
make
his
Countrey
his
place
of
refuge
only
for
some
time
,
and
do
him
the
favour
,
when
the
Mousons
or
the
Season-winds
should
come
,
to
furnish
him
with
a
Vessel
for
Mecha
,
from
thence
to
pass
into
some
part
of
Turky
or
Persia
.
That
King
sent
answer
,
that
he
should
be
very
welcome
,
and
have
all
possible
assistance
.
So
Sultan
Banque
returned
to
Dake
with
some
Galeasses
,
manned
with
Franguis
(
I
mean
,
with
those
fugitive
Portugals
,
and
other
straggling
Christians
,
that
had
put
themselves
in
service
to
that
King
,
driving
no
other
Trade
than
to
ravage
all
this
lower
Bengale
;
)
upon
which
Sultan
Sujah
embarked
,
with
his
whole
Family
,
viz.
his
Wife
,
his
three
Sons
,
and
Daughters
.
They
were
well
enough
received
;
whatever
was
necessary
for
their
subsistence
,
such
as
that
Countrey
would
afford
,
was
provided
for
them
,
in
the
name
of
that
King.
Some
months
pass
,
the
Season
of
the
favourable
Winds
come
in
,
but
not
a
word
of
the
Vessel
,
though
he
demanded
it
no
otherwise
than
for
his
Money
;
for
as
yet
he
wanted
not
Rupies
of
Gold
,
nor
Silver
,
nor
Gems
:
He
had
too
great
a
plenty
of
them
;
his
Riches
were
,
in
all
appearance
,
the
cause
of
his
ruin
,
or
at
least
contributed
much
to
it
.
Those
barbarous
Kings
have
no
true
generosity
,
and
are
not
much
refrained
by
the
Faith
they
have
given
,
regarding
nothing
but
their
present
Interests
,
without
so
much
as
considering
the
mischiefs
that
may
befall
them
for
their
perfidiousness
and
brutality
.
To
get
out
of
their
hands
,
one
must
either
be
the
stronger
,
or
have
nothing
that
may
tempt
their
avarice
.
Sultan
Sujah
may
long
enough
sollicit
for
a
Vessel
;
all
is
in
vain
,
he
effects
nothing
:
On
the
contrary
,
the
King
begins
to
shew
much
coldness
,
and
to
complain
of
his
not
coming
to
see
him
.
I
know
not
,
whether
Sultan
Sujah
thought
it
unworthy
of
himself
,
and
too
mean
a
thing
to
give
him
a
Visit
;
or
rather
,
whether
he
fear'd
,
that
being
in
the
Kings
House
he
might
not
there
be
seized
on
,
to
take
away
all
his
Treasure
,
and
then
be
deliver'd
into
the
hands
of
Emir-Jemla
,
who
for
that
purpose
promised
,
in
the
name
of
Aureng-Zebe
,
great
Sums
of
Money
,
and
many
other
considerable
advantages
.
Whatever
the
matter
was
,
he
would
not
go
thither
himself
,
but
sent
his
Son
Sultan
Banque
,
who
being
near
the
Kings
House
,
began
to
shew
liberality
to
the
people
,
throwing
out
to
them
a
good
quantity
of
half
Rupies
,
and
whole
Rupies
,
of
Gold
and
Silver
.
And
being
come
before
the
King
,
he
presented
him
with
store
of
Embroideries
,
and
of
rare
pieces
of
Goldsmiths-work
,
set
with
precious
Stones
of
great
value
,
excusing
his
Father
,
Sultan
Sujah
,
as
being
indisposed
,
and
beseeching
him
in
his
name
,
that
he
would
remember
the
Vessel
,
and
the
promise
made
to
him
thereof
.
But
all
that
did
not
advance
his
business
;
on
the
contrary
,
five
or
six
days
after
,
this
King
sent
to
Sultan
Sujah
,
to
ask
of
him
one
of
his
Daughters
in
Marriage
;
which
he
could
never
resolve
to
grant
him
,
whereat
this
barbarous
Prince
was
highly
offended
.
What
then
could
he
do
in
this
case
?
The
Season
passeth
away
.
What
shall
become
of
him
?
What
other
resolution
can
he
take
,
but
to
do
a
desperate
Action
?
Behold
a
strange
undertaking
,
which
may
give
a
great
Example
of
what
Despair
can
do
!
Although
this
King
of
Racan
be
an
Heathen
,
yet
there
is
in
his
Dominions
store
of
Mahumetans
mingled
with
the
people
,
that
are
retired
thither
,
or
have
been
,
for
the
most
part
,
taken
Slaves
,
here
and
there
,
by
those
Franguis
above-mention'd
.
Sultan
Sujah
did
under-hand
gain
these
Mahumetans
;
and
with
two
or
three
hundred
Men
,
whom
he
yet
had
remaining
of
those
that
had
follow'd
him
from
Bengale
,
he
resolved
,
one
day
to
fall
unexpectedly
upon
the
House
of
this
Barbarian
,
to
kill
all
,
and
to
make
himself
proclaim'd
King
of
Racan
.
This
was
a
very
bold
Enterprise
,
and
such
a
one
,
as
had
more
of
a
Desperado
in
it
,
than
of
a
prudent
Man.
Yet
notwithstanding
,
as
I
was
inform'd
,
and
by
what
I
could
learn
from
many
Mahumetans
,
and
Portugals
,
and
Hollanders
,
that
then
were
there
present
,
the
thing
was
feasible
enough
.
But
the
day
before
the
stroke
was
to
be
given
,
the
Design
was
discover'd
;
which
did
altogether
overthrow
the
Affairs
of
Sultan
Sujah
,
and
was
soon
after
the
cause
of
his
ruin
.
For
not
finding
hereafter
any
way
more
to
recover
himself
,
he
attempted
to
flye
towards
Pegu
;
which
was
a
thing
in
a
manner
impossible
,
by
reason
of
the
vast
Mountains
and
Forrests
to
be
passed
.
Besides
,
he
was
immediately
pursued
so
close
,
that
he
was
overtaken
the
same
day
he
fled
.
It
may
well
be
thought
,
that
he
defended
himself
with
as
much
courage
as
was
possible
.
He
killed
so
many
of
those
Barbarians
,
that
it
will
scarce
be
believed
,
but
he
was
so
overpow'red
by
the
multitude
of
pursuers
,
that
he
was
obliged
to
quit
the
Combat
.
Sultan
Banque
,
who
was
not
so
far
advanced
as
his
Father
,
defended
himself
also
like
a
Lion
;
but
at
length
,
being
all
bloody
of
the
wounds
,
by
stones
poured
upon
him
from
all
sides
,
he
was
seized
on
,
and
carried
away
,
with
his
two
little
Brothers
,
his
Sisters
,
and
Mother
.
As
to
the
Person
of
Sultan
Sujah
himself
,
all
what
could
be
learnt
of
it
,
is
this
:
That
he
,
with
one
Woman
,
one
Eunuch
,
and
two
other
persons
,
got
up
to
the
Top
of
the
Mountain
;
that
he
received
a
wound
in
his
Head
by
a
stone
,
which
struck
him
down
,
but
yet
he
rose
again
,
the
Eunuch
having
wound
his
Head
about
with
his
Turbant
,
and
that
they
escaped
through
the
midst
of
the
Woods
.
I
have
heard
the
Relation
three
or
four
other
manner
of
ways
,
even
by
those
persons
that
were
upon
the
place
.
Some
did
assure
,
that
he
had
been
found
among
the
dead
,
but
was
not
well
known
:
And
I
have
seen
a
Letter
of
the
Chief
of
the
Dutch
Factory
,
confirming
this
.
So
that
't
is
difficult
enough
to
know
aright
what
is
become
of
him
.
And
this
it
is
,
which
hath
administred
ground
to
those
so
frequent
Allarms
,
given
us
afterwards
at
Dehli
:
For
at
one
time
it
was
rumored
,
that
he
was
arrived
at
Maslipatan
,
to
joyn
with
the
Kings
of
Golkonda
and
Visapour
;
another
time
it
was
related
for
certain
,
that
he
had
passed
in
sight
of
Suratte
with
two
Ships
,
bearing
the
Red
Colours
,
which
the
King
of
Pegu
or
the
King
of
Siam
had
given
him
;
by
and
by
,
that
he
was
in
Persia
,
and
had
been
seen
in
Chiras
,
and
soon
after
in
Kandahar
,
ready
to
enter
into
the
Kingdom
of
Caboul
it self
.
Aureng-Zebe
one
day
said
smiling
,
that
Sultan
Sujah
was
at
last
become
an
Agy
or
Pilgrim
.
And
at
this
very
day
there
are
abundance
of
petsons
who
maintain
,
that
he
is
in
Persia
,
returned
from
Constantinople
,
whence
he
is
said
to
have
brought
with
him
much
Money
.
But
that
which
confirms
more
than
enough
,
that
there
is
no
ground
for
any
of
these
reports
,
is
that
Letter
of
the
Hollanders
;
and
that
an
Eunuch
of
his
,
with
whom
I
travelled
from
Bengale
to
Maslipatan
,
as
also
the
Great
Master
of
his
Artillery
,
whom
I
saw
in
the
Service
of
the
King
of
Golkonda
,
have
assured
me
,
that
he
is
no
more
in
being
,
though
they
made
difficulty
to
say
any
more
concerning
him
;
as
also
,
that
our
French
Merchants
,
that
lately
came
out
of
Persia
and
from
Hispahan
,
when
I
was
yet
at
Dehli
,
had
in
those
parts
heard
no
news
at
all
of
him
;
besides
that
,
I
have
heard
that
a
while
after
his
Defeat
,
his
Sword
and
Poynard
had
been
found
:
So
that
't
is
credible
,
that
if
he
was
not
killed
upon
the
place
,
he
soon
dyed
afterwards
,
and
was
the
prey
of
some
Robbers
,
or
Tygers
,
or
Elephants
,
of
which
the
Forrests
of
that
Countrey
are
full
.
However
it
be
,
after
this
last
Action
his
whole
Family
was
put
in
Prison
,
Wives
and
Children
,
where
they
were
treated
rudely
enough
;
yet
some
time
after
they
were
set
at
more
liberty
,
and
they
received
a
milder
entertainment
:
And
then
the
King
called
for
the
eldest
Daughter
,
whom
he
married
.
Whilst
this
was
doing
,
some
Servants
of
Sultan
Banque
,
joyned
with
divers
of
those
Mahumetans
which
I
have
mentioned
,
went
to
plot
another
Conspiracy
like
the
first
.
But
the
day
appointed
for
it
being
come
,
one
of
the
Conspirators
,
being
half
drunk
,
began
too
soon
to
break
out
.
Concerning
this
also
I
have
heard
forty
different
relations
,
so
that
't
is
very
hard
to
know
the
truth
of
it
.
That
which
is
undoubted
is
this
,
that
the
King
was
at
length
so
exasperated
against
this
unfortunate
Family
of
Sujah
,
that
he
commanded
it
should
be
quite
rooted
out
.
Neither
did
there
remain
any
one
of
it
,
that
was
not
put
to
death
,
save
that
Daughter
which
the
King
had
made
his
Wife
.
Sultan
Banque
,
and
his
Brothers
,
had
their
Heads
cut
off
with
blunt
Axes
;
and
the
Women
were
mured
up
,
where
they
dyed
of
hunger
and
misery
.
And
thus
endeth
this
War
,
which
the
lust
of
Reigning
had
kindled
among
those
four
Brothers
,
after
it
had
lasted
five
or
six
years
,
from
1655
,
or
thereabout
,
to
1660
or
1661
;
which
left
Aureng-Zebe
in
the
peaceable
possession
of
this
puissant
Empire
.
The
End
of
the
FIRST
TOME
.