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         Harrison, Thomas, fl. 1690.
      
       
         
           1690
        
      
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             Political aphorisms, or, The true maxims of government displayed wherein is likewise proved ... : by way of a challenge to Dr. William Sherlock and ten other new dissenters, and recommended as proper to be read by all Protestant Jacobites.
             Harrison, Thomas, fl. 1690.
          
           [8], 31, [1] p.
           
             Printed for Tho. Harrison ...,
             London :
             1690.
          
           
             Attributed to Harrison by Wing and NUC pre-1956 imprints.
             Advertisements: [1] p. at end.
             Item at reel 1189:4 identified as H140 (number cancelled).
             Reproduction of original in the Cambridge University Library and University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Sherlock, William, 1641?-1707. -- Case of resistance of the supreme powers stated and resolved.
           Jacobites.
           Divine right of kings.
           Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1689-1702.
        
      
    
     
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           Political
           Aphorisms
           :
           OR
           ,
           THE
           TRUE
           MAXIMS
           OF
           GOVERNMENT
           DISPLAYED
           .
           Wherein
           is
           likewise
           Proved
           ,
           That
           
             Paternal
             Authority
          
           is
           no
           Absolute
           Authority
           ,
           and
           that
           Adam
           had
           no
           such
           Authority
           .
           That
           there
           neither
           is
           or
           can
           be
           any
           Absolute
           Government
           
             De
             Iure
          
           ,
           and
           that
           all
           such
           pretended
           Government
           is
           Void
           .
           That
           the
           Children
           of
           Israel
           did
           often
           Resist
           their
           evil
           Princes
           without
           any
           Appointment
           or
           soretelling
           thereof
           by
           God
           in
           Scripture
           .
           That
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           did
           often
           Resist
           their
           Tyrannical
           Emperors
           ,
           and
           that
           Bishop
           Athanasius
           did
           approve
           of
           Resistance
           .
           That
           the
           Protestants
           in
           all
           Ages
           did
           Resist
           their
           Evil
           and
           Destructive
           Princes
           .
           Together
           with
           a
           Historical
           Account
           of
           the
           Depriving
           of
           Kings
           for
           their
           Evil
           Government
           ,
           in
           
             Israel
             ,
             France
             ,
             ●●●in
             ,
             Portugal
             ,
             Scotland
             ,
          
           and
           in
           England
           before
           and
           sin●●
           the
           Conquest
           .
           By
           way
           of
           Challenge
           to
           Dr.
           
             William
             Sherlock
          
           ,
           and
           Ten
           other
           New
           Dissenters
           ,
           and
           Recommended
           as
           proper
           to
           be
           Read
           by
           all
           
             Protestant
             Iacobites
          
           .
        
         
           
             
               He
               that
               being
               often
               Reproved
               ,
               hardneth
               his
               Neck
               ,
               shall
               suddenl●
               be
               destroyed
               ,
               and
               that
               without
               Remedy
               ,
            
          
           
             Prov.
             29.
             21.
             
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             Tho.
             Harrison
          
           at
           the
           West
           End
           of
           the
           
             Royal
             Exchange
          
           in
           Cornhill
           .
           1690.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PREFACE
           .
        
         
           
             AFter
             all
             the
             signal
             Deliverances
             God
             hath
             vouchsafed
             to
             these
          
           Brittish
           
             Islands
             ,
             and
             the
             many
             eminent
             Appearances
             of
             Divine
             Providence
             in
             our
             late
             happy
             Revolution
             ,
             even
             to
             this
             day
             ,
             one
             would
             think
             no
             Protestant
             should
             repine
             at
             this
             happy
             and
             advantageous
             Change
             ,
             from
             an
             Arbitrary
             to
             a
             Legal
             Monarchy
             ,
             but
             reckon
             it
             his
             Felicity
             to
             have
             lived
             to
             this
             day
             ,
             to
             see
             the
             Imperial
             Crown
             of
          
           England
           
             worn
             by
             a
          
           Protestant
           
             King
             and
             Queen
             ;
             an
             Happiness
             which
             our
             Fathers
             wished
             and
             longed
             for
             in
             King
          
           Charles
           
             the
             first
             's
             and
             second
             's
             time
             ,
             but
             could
             not
             obtain
             ,
             the
             evil
             Consequence
             thereof
             this
             Nation
             hath
             sufficiently
             felt
             ;
             therefore
             I
             may
             well
             say
             ,
          
           O
           thrice
           happy
           England
           ,
           didst
           thou
           know
           thy
           Happiness
           ,
           and
           hadst
           an
           Heart
           to
           be
           thankful
           for
           it
           !
           
             Who
             could
             have
             thought
             ,
             that
             notwithstanding
             the
             visible
             hand
             of
             God
             in
             this
             unparallel'd
             Revolution
             ,
             we
             should
             still
             have
             amongst
             us
             a
          
           Korah
           ,
           a
           Dathan
           ,
           
             and
             an
          
           Abiram
           ,
           
             a
             murmuring
             still
             in
             our
             Streets
             ?
             Our
             Fore-fathers
             never
             bought
             their
             Liberty
             at
             so
             cheap
             a
             rate
             as
             we
             have
             
             done
             now
             ,
             which
             makes
             it
             so
             much
             despised
             and
             slighted
             at
             present
             ,
             as
             if
             Liberty
             could
             never
             be
             good
             without
             wading
             through
             a
             Sea
             of
             Blood
             to
             obtain
             it
             .
             We
             commend
             our
             Fore-fathers
             for
             standing
             up
             for
             their
             Rights
             and
             Priviledges
             ,
             (
             without
             which
             we
             should
             have
             been
             Slaves
             to
             this
             day
             )
             and
             yet
             that
             we
             should
             Condemn
             one
             another
             for
             the
             same
             thing
             ,
             though
             our
             Religion
             ,
             which
             is
             infinitely
             more
             dear
             to
             us
             than
             a
             few
             worldly
             Liberties
             ,
             lies
             at
             stake
             ,
             is
             such
             an
             intollerable
             Folly
             that
             succeeding
             Ages
             will
             hardly
             give
             Credit
             to
             .
             But
             what
             is
             more
             strange
             ,
             is
             ,
             that
             some
          
           Protestants
           
             are
             for
             the
             Restauration
             of
             the
             late
             King
          
           James
           ,
           
             with
             the
             young
             Impostor
             ,
             the
             consequence
             whereof
             can
             be
             nothing
             less
             than
             Slavery
             ,
             and
             the
             total
             Subversion
             of
             the
             Protestant
             Religion
             in
          
           England
           ,
           
             as
             well
             as
             the
             endangering
             it
             throughout
             the
             World.
             But
             that
             the
             World
             may
             see
             what
             rare
             Notions
             of
             Civil
             Government
             our
          
           Murmurers
           
             have
             ,
             I
             shall
             here
             set
             down
             some
             of
             the
             Sayings
             of
             one
             of
             their
             mighty
             Pillars
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           Dr.
           William
           Sherlock
           ,
           
             as
             they
             are
             in
             his
             Case
             of
             Resistance
             of
             the
             Supreme
             Powers
             .
          
        
         
           No
           Man
           wants
           Authority
           
             (
             says
             the
             Dr.
          
           pag.
           59.
           )
           to
           defend
           his
           Life
           against
           him
           who
           has
           no
           Authority
           to
           take
           it
           away
           ;
           
             but
             yet
             he
             tells
             you
             most
             learnedly
             ,
          
           p.
           113.
           that
           The
           Prince
           is
           the
           Powers
           or
           Authority
           ;
           
             (
             not
             the
             Laws
             )
             and
             in
          
           p.
           198.
           that
           The
           King
           receives
           not
           his
           Sovereign
           Authority
           from
           the
           Law
           ;
           
             and
             in
          
           p.
           89.
           
             he
             sayes
             ,
             that
          
           there
           could
           not
           be
           greater
           
           nor
           more
           absolute
           Tyrants
           than
           the
           Roman
           Emperors
           were
           ,
           and
           yet
           they
           had
           no
           Power
           over
           the
           meanest
           Christian
           ,
           but
           by
           an
           express
           Commission
           from
           Heaven
           :
           
             And
             he
             tells
             you
             further
          
           ,
           p.
           116.
           that
           When
           we
           resist
           our
           Prince
           ,
           we
           resist
           the
           Ordinance
           ,
           Constitution
           and
           Appointment
           of
           God.
           
             What
             Invincible
             Arguments
             are
             these
             for
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           
             which
             makes
             God
             the
             Author
             of
             all
             the
             Outrages
             ,
             Cruelties
             ,
             Rapin●s
             and
             Blood-shed
             that
             have
             been
             committed
             in
             the
             World
             by
             Sovereign
             Princes
             !
             but
             I
             think
             the
             Dr.
             has
             taken
             the
             right
             way
             (
             if
             there
             be
             any
             )
             to
             establish
             the
             Doctrine
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           
             without
             reserve
             .
             St.
          
           Peter
           
             exhorted
             the
             Christians
             to
          
           submit
           to
           every
           Ordinance
           of
           Man
           for
           the
           Lords
           sake
           ;
           
             which
             plainly
             signifies
             (
             sayes
             the
             Ingenious
             Dr.
          
           p.
           146.
           )
           that
           whatever
           hand
           Men
           may
           have
           in
           Modelling
           Civil
           Governments
           ,
           yet
           it
           is
           the
           Ordinance
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           Princes
           receive
           their
           Power
           from
           him
           :
           
             What
             a
             rare
             Argument
             is
             this
             for
             Tyranny
             ,
             Oppression
             ,
             and
             Idolatry
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             for
             according
             to
             the
             Doctor
             's
             Notion
             ,
             if
             the
             Legislative
             Authority
             of
             a
             Nation
             should
             abolish
             the
             Christian
             Religion
             ,
             and
             set
             up
          
           Paganism
           ,
           Mahometanism
           ,
           and
           Popery
           ,
           
             and
             make
             never
             such
             Unjust
             and
             Tyrannical
             Laws
             ,
             yet
             it
             would
             be
             the
          
           Ordinance
           of
           God.
           
             Since
             I
             can
             hardly
             find
             throughout
             all
             the
             Doctor
             's
             Book
             ,
             he
             knows
             what
             any
             part
             of
             Civil
             Government
             is
             ,
             and
             least
             he
             should
             take
             an
             established
             Religion
             to
             be
             no
             part
             thereof
             ,
             I
             shall
             make
             bold
             to
             tell
             him
             ,
             
             that
             when
             a
             Religion
             is
             established
             by
             the
             Legislative
             Authority
             of
             any
             Nation
             ,
             it
             becomes
             part
             of
             the
             Civil
             Government
             ,
             and
             is
             to
             be
             defended
             and
             supported
             by
             the
             Administrator
             of
             that
             Government
             .
             The
             Dr.
             hath
             many
             more
             as
             rare
             Arguments
             as
             these
             ,
             but
             for
             brevity
             sake
             I
             omit
             them
             ,
             these
             being
             sufficient
             to
             shew
             upon
             what
             rock
             this
             sort
             of
             Men
             build
             their
             Notions
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           .
        
         
           
             I
             challenge
             all
             the
             New
             Dissenters
             in
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             all
             the
             Conformists
             who
             have
             sworn
             Allegiance
             to
             their
             Majesties
             only
             as
             King
             and
             Queen
          
           De
           Facto
           :
           
             but
             more
             particularly
             ,
             Dr.
          
           Will.
           Sherlock
           ,
           Shadrach
           Cook
           ,
           John
           Leke
           ,
           Dr.
           Francis
           Thompson
           ,
           Person
           ,
           Dr.
           —
           Audley
           ,
           Will.
           Gefford
           of
           Suffolk
           ,
           John
           Hart
           of
           Tanton
           ,
           Wood
           ,
           Cuff
           ,
           John
           Norris
           of
           Cambridge
           ,
           Richard
           Stafford
           ,
           
             and
             the
             Author
             of
             the
             History
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           
             together
             with
             Sir
          
           R.
           Lestrange
           
             and
             all
             his
             Pupils
             ,
             to
             Answer
             the
             following
             Tract
             .
          
        
         
           
             I
             desire
             these
             Learned
             Men
             to
             resolve
             me
             this
             Case
             of
             Conscience
             ,
             Whether
             or
             no
             those
             who
             joyned
             with
             or
             assisted
             the
             Prince
             of
          
           Orange
           ,
           
             upon
             his
             Arrival
             ,
             are
             not
             guilty
             of
             Rebellion
             ?
             and
             whether
             or
             no
             those
             Divines
             and
             Laicks
             who
             invited
             him
             over
             ,
             are
             not
             more
             guilty
             of
             Rebellion
             ,
             (
             according
             to
             the
             Doctrine
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           
             without
             reserve
             ,
             as
             being
             the
             first
             Cause
             thereof
             )
             than
             they
             that
             joyned
             with
             him
             upon
             his
             first
             Arrival
             ?
             and
             whether
             upon
             the
             Bishops
             refusing
             to
             disown
             their
             inviting
             him
             over
             ,
             it
             does
             not
             follow
             that
             they
             did
             invite
             him
             over
             ,
             and
             upon
             their
             refusing
             
             to
             subscribe
             to
             the
             form
             of
             an
             Abhorrence
             of
             the
             Invitation
             ,
             it
             did
             not
             plainly
             imply
             ,
             that
             they
             disowned
             the
             Doctrine
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           
             and
             allowed
             the
             resisting
             of
          
           Arbitrary
           Power
           ?
           
             and
             when
             they
             desired
             the
             Prince
             of
          
           Orange
           
             (
             our
             present
             King
             )
             to
             take
             upon
             him
             the
             Administration
             of
             the
             Government
             ,
             it
             did
             not
             imply
             that
             King
          
           James
           
             had
             deserted
             the
             Government
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Throne
             was
             thereby
             become
             Vacant
             ?
          
        
         
           
             The
             reason
             why
             I
             take
             this
             unusual
             way
             of
             Writing
             by
             way
             of
             Challenging
             of
             particular
             Men
             ,
             is
             ,
             because
             in
             a
             general
             Challenge
             no
             Man
             would
             reckon
             himself
             concerned
             in
             it
             :
             for
             what
             is
             every
             ones
             business
             ,
             is
             no
             body's
             business
             ;
             and
             because
             the
             Dissenters
             from
             the
             present
             Government
             do
             assert
             ,
             that
             (
             the
             late
             )
             King
          
           James
           is
           De
           Jure
           
             still
             ,
             and
             that
             Obedience
             is
             due
             to
             him
             during
             his
             Life
             ,
             and
             that
             Dr.
          
           Sherlock
           
             and
             many
             others
             can
             prove
             the
             Doctrine
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           
             without
             reserve
             ,
             to
             be
             a
             true
             Doctrine
             ,
             and
             they
             hope
             to
             hear
             it
             Preach'd
             with
             as
             much
             Zeal
             as
             ever
             .
             These
             are
             the
             Reasons
             that
             induced
             me
             to
             Challenge
             particular
             Men
             ,
             and
             to
             write
             this
             Tract
             ,
             that
             there
             might
             be
             no
             Plea
             for
             the
             Resurrection
             of
             this
             absurd
             ,
             nonsensical
             ,
             sheepish
             ,
             slavish
             ,
             inhumane
             ,
             Bow-string
             Doctrine
             ,
             which
             one
             sucks
             in
             with
             his
             Milk
             ;
             another
             he
             takes
             it
             to
             be
             the
             distinguishing
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             Church
             ;
             and
             another
             believes
             it
             ,
             because
             it
             has
             been
             told
             him
             from
             the
             Pulpit
             ;
             and
             a
             fourth
             because
             a
             great
             many
             ingenious
             and
             learned
             Men
             have
             declared
             it
             to
             be
             a
             true
             Doctrine
             :
             Thus
             we
             become
             wise
             
             by
             Tradition
             and
             Example
             ,
             having
             an
             Implicit
             Faith
             to
             believe
             whatever
             our
             Guides
             declarr
             to
             be
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             never
             so
             contrary
             to
             the
             Iustice
             and
             Goodness
             of
             Almighty
             God
             ,
             and
             to
             undenyable
             Reason
             .
             If
             the
             Church
             in
             its
             Reformation
             from
          
           Popery
           
             had
             retained
          
           Transubstantiation
           ,
           
             no
             doubt
             but
             we
             should
             have
             had
             as
             many
             and
             as
             zealous
             Asserters
             of
             that
             Doctrine
             as
             of
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           
             without
             reserve
             ,
             the
             one
             being
             as
             false
             as
             the
             other
             is
             impossible
             .
             I
             remember
             the
             saying
             of
             a
          
           Passive
           Obedience
           Man
           ,
           If
           an
           Angel
           
             (
             sayes
             he
          
           )
           came
           down
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           Preacht
           any
           other
           Doctrine
           than
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           lately
           taught
           us
           ,
           I
           would
           not
           believe
           him
           .
           
             O
             what
             a
             commendable
             thing
             is
             it
             to
             be
             true
             to
             ones
             Principle
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             never
             so
             ridiculous
             or
             false
             ,
             or
             tends
             never
             so
             much
             to
             the
             Inslaving
             or
             Destruction
             of
             our
             Countrey
             !
          
        
         
           I
           have
           hitherto
           
             (
             says
          
           Cato
           )
           fought
           for
           my
           Countreys
           Libety
           ,
           and
           for
           my
           own
           ,
           and
           only
           that
           I
           might
           live
           Free
           among
           Free-men
           .
           
             I
             wish
             that
             every
          
           English-man
           
             could
             say
             that
             he
             had
             either
             sought
             or
             done
             something
             else
             for
             the
             good
             of
             his
             Countrey
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             Ambition
             of
          
        
         
           
             T.
             H.
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           
             Political
             Aphorisms
          
           :
           OR
           THE
           True
           MAXIMS
           of
           Government
           DISPLAYED
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           evident
           that
           no
           Rule
           or
           Form
           of
           Government
           is
           prescribed
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           and
           Nature
           ;
           for
           that
           then
           they
           would
           be
           both
           immutable
           ,
           and
           the
           self-same
           in
           all
           Countries
           .
           For
           the
           better
           proof
           whereof
           ,
           it
           is
           necessary
           to
           shew
           ,
           how
           far
           Government
           proceeds
           from
           Nature
           ,
           and
           how
           far
           from
           Man
           ;
           to
           wit
           ,
           that
           Man
           is
           sociable
           ,
           and
           inclined
           to
           live
           together
           in
           Company
           ,
           which
           proceeds
           from
           Nature
           ,
           and
           consequently
           also
           from
           God
           ,
           that
           is
           Author
           of
           Nature
           ;
           from
           whence
           do
           proceed
           all
           private
           Houses
           ,
           then
           Villages
           ,
           then
           Towns
           ,
           then
           Castles
           ,
           then
           Cities
           ,
           and
           then
           Kingdoms
           and
           Common-wealths
           (
           as
           Aristotle
           saith
           in
           his
           Book
           of
           Politicks
           )
           .
           Tho
           Government
           in
           like
           manner
           ,
           and
           Jurisdiction
           of
           Magistrates
           ,
           which
           does
           follow
           necessarily
           upon
           this
           living
           together
           in
           Company
           ,
           be
           also
           of
           Nature
           ;
           yet
           the
           particular
           form
           or
           manner
           of
           this
           or
           that
           Government
           ,
           in
           this
           or
           that
           Fashion
           ,
           as
           to
           have
           many
           Governors
           ,
           few
           ,
           or
           one
           ,
           and
           those
           either
           Kings
           ,
           Dukes
           ,
           Earls
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           ;
           or
           that
           they
           should
           have
           this
           or
           that
           Authority
           more
           or
           less
           ,
           for
           longer
           or
           shorter
           time
           ,
           or
           be
           by
           Succession
           ,
           or
           Election
           themselves
           and
           their
           Children
           ,
           or
           next
           in
           Blood
           :
           All
           these
           things
           (
           I
           say
           )
           are
           not
           by
           Law
           Natural
           or
           Divine
           (
           for
           then
           ,
           as
           hath
           been
           said
           ,
           they
           should
           be
           all
           one
           in
           all
           Countries
           and
           
           Nations
           )
           for
           God
           said
           ,
           
             Gen.
             2.
             18.
             
             It
             is
             not
             good
             that
             Man
             should
             be
             alone
             ,
             I
             will
             make
             him
             an
             Help-meet
          
           (
           or
           Assistant
           like
           unto
           himself
           )
           :
           So
           that
           as
           this
           first
           Society
           of
           our
           first
           Parents
           was
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           for
           so
           great
           purpose
           as
           the
           one
           to
           help
           and
           assist
           (
           not
           destroy
           or
           inslave
           )
           the
           other
           :
           So
           all
           other
           Societies
           ,
           as
           proceeding
           from
           this
           first
           ,
           stand
           upon
           the
           same
           ground
           of
           God's
           Ordinance
           ,
           for
           the
           self-same
           end
           of
           Mans
           Utility
           or
           Happiness
           ;
           all
           which
           is
           confirmed
           by
           the
           Consent
           and
           Use
           of
           all
           Nations
           throughout
           the
           World
           ;
           which
           general
           Consent
           Cicero
           calleth
           
             Ipsam
             vocem
             Naturae
          
           ,
           the
           Voice
           of
           Nature
           her self
           .
           For
           there
           was
           never
           yet
           any
           Nation
           found
           either
           of
           ancient
           times
           ,
           or
           of
           later
           days
           ,
           by
           the
           discovery
           of
           the
           Indies
           ,
           or
           else-where
           ,
           where
           Men
           living
           together
           ,
           had
           not
           some
           kind
           of
           Magistrate
           ,
           or
           Superior
           to
           govern
           them
           ;
           which
           evidently
           declareth
           ,
           that
           Magistracy
           is
           also
           from
           Nature
           ,
           and
           from
           God
           that
           created
           Nature
           (
           though
           not
           in
           this
           or
           that
           particular
           Form
           :
           )
           which
           Point
           our
           Civil
           Law
           doth
           prove
           in
           like
           manner
           ,
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           our
           Digest
           ,
           
             do
             origine
             Iuris
             civilis
             &
             omnium
             Magistratuum
             ,
          
           of
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Civil
           Law
           ,
           and
           of
           all
           Magistrates
           ,
           which
           beginning
           is
           referred
           to
           the
           first
           Principle
           of
           Natural
           Instinct
           ,
           and
           God's
           Institution
           .
           Though
           Common-wealths
           and
           Government
           of
           the
           same
           by
           Magistrates
           are
           of
           Nature
           ;
           yet
           the
           particular
           Forms
           or
           manner
           of
           Governments
           are
           not
           of
           Nature
           ,
           but
           are
           lest
           unto
           every
           Nation
           and
           Country
           to
           chuse
           what
           Form
           of
           Government
           they
           like
           best
           ,
           and
           think
           most
           fit
           for
           the
           Natures
           and
           Conditions
           of
           the
           People
           .
        
         
           By
           the
           State
           of
           Nature
           we
           are
           all
           equal
           ,
           there
           being
           no
           Superiority
           or
           Subordination
           one
           above
           another
           ;
           there
           can
           be
           nothing
           more
           rational
           ,
           than
           that
           Creatures
           of
           the
           same
           Species
           and
           Rank
           promiscuously
           born
           to
           all
           the
           same
           Advantages
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           the
           use
           of
           the
           same
           Faculties
           should
           also
           be
           equal
           one
           amongst
           another
           ,
           without
           God
           by
           any
           manifest
           Declaration
           of
           his
           Will
           had
           set
           one
           above
           another
           ,
           and
           given
           him
           Superiority
           or
           Soveraignty
           .
           Were
           it
           not
           for
           the
           Corruption
           and
           Viciousness
           of
           degenerate
           Men
           ,
           there
           would
           be
           no
           need
           of
           any
           other
           State
           ;
           for
           every
           one
           in
           that
           State
           being
           both
           Judg
           and
           Executioner
           of
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           which
           is
           to
           punish
           according
           to
           the
           Offence
           committed
           .
           
           Men
           being
           partial
           to
           themselves
           ,
           Passion
           and
           Revenge
           is
           very
           apt
           to
           carry
           them
           too
           far
           in
           their
           own
           Cases
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           Negligence
           and
           Unconcernedness
           makes
           them
           too
           remiss
           in
           other
           Mens
           .
           This
           makes
           every
           one
           willingly
           give
           up
           his
           single
           Power
           of
           punishing
           to
           one
           alone
           ,
           or
           more
           ,
           as
           they
           shall
           think
           most
           convenient
           ,
           and
           by
           such
           Rules
           as
           the
           Community
           ,
           or
           those
           authorized
           by
           them
           to
           that
           purpose
           ,
           shall
           agree
           on
           ,
           with
           intention
           in
           every
           one
           the
           better
           to
           preserve
           himself
           ,
           his
           Liberty
           and
           Property
           .
           What
           is
           it
           but
           Flattery
           to
           the
           natural
           Vanity
           and
           Ambition
           of
           Men
           ,
           too
           apt
           of
           it self
           to
           grow
           and
           increase
           with
           the
           Possession
           of
           any
           Power
           ,
           who
           would
           perswade
           those
           Monarchs
           in
           Authority
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           do
           what
           they
           please
           ,
           because
           they
           have
           Authority
           to
           do
           more
           than
           others
           ;
           since
           Rational
           Creatures
           cannot
           be
           supposed
           ,
           when
           free
           ,
           to
           put
           themselves
           into
           Subjection
           to
           another
           for
           their
           own
           harm
           ,
           which
           were
           to
           put
           themselves
           in
           a
           worse
           Condition
           than
           in
           the
           State
           of
           Nature
           ,
           wherein
           they
           had
           liberty
           to
           defend
           their
           Lives
           and
           Properties
           against
           the
           Invasions
           of
           any
           Man
           or
           Men
           whatsoever
           ;
           whereas
           by
           giving
           up
           themselves
           to
           the
           absolute
           Arbitrary
           Power
           of
           any
           Man
           ,
           they
           have
           disarm'd
           themselves
           ,
           and
           armed
           him
           to
           make
           a
           Prey
           of
           them
           when
           he
           pleases
           .
        
         
           I
           have
           been
           the
           longer
           in
           speaking
           of
           the
           State
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           the
           natural
           Instinct
           to
           Society
           and
           Government
           ,
           for
           that
           it
           is
           the
           Fountain
           of
           all
           the
           rest
           that
           ensueth
           in
           a
           Common-wealth
           ,
           but
           if
           we
           respect
           God
           and
           Nature
           ,
           as
           well
           might
           all
           the
           diversity
           of
           Governments
           ,
           which
           have
           been
           ,
           and
           now
           are
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           have
           followed
           one
           Law
           ,
           as
           so
           different
           ,
           but
           that
           neither
           God
           ,
           nor
           Nature
           (
           which
           is
           from
           God
           )
           hath
           prescribed
           any
           of
           those
           particular
           Forms
           ,
           but
           concurreth
           or
           permitteth
           such
           which
           the
           Common-wealth
           appoints
           .
           Can
           any
           Man
           say
           that
           God
           and
           Nature
           did
           not
           concur
           as
           well
           with
           Italy
           when
           it
           had
           but
           one
           Prince
           ,
           as
           now
           when
           it
           hath
           so
           many
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           with
           Germany
           ,
           and
           also
           with
           Switzerland
           ,
           which
           was
           once
           one
           Common-wealth
           under
           the
           Dukes
           and
           Marquesses
           of
           Austria
           ,
           and
           now
           are
           divided
           into
           thirteen
           Cantons
           or
           Common-wealths
           ,
           under
           popular
           Magistrates
           of
           their
           own
           ?
           England
           also
           was
           first
           a
           Monarchy
           under
           the
           Britains
           ,
           and
           then
           a
           Province
           under
           the
           Romans
           ,
           and
           
           after
           that
           divided
           into
           seven
           Kingdoms
           at
           once
           ,
           under
           the
           Saxons
           ,
           and
           after
           them
           of
           the
           Danes
           ,
           and
           then
           the
           Normans
           ,
           and
           then
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           now
           a
           Monarchy
           again
           under
           the
           English
           ;
           and
           all
           this
           by
           God's
           Providence
           and
           Permission
           ,
           who
           suffered
           his
           own
           peculiar
           People
           the
           Jews
           to
           be
           under
           divers
           manner
           of
           Governments
           at
           divers
           times
           ;
           at
           first
           under
           Patriarchs
           ,
           
             Abraham
             ,
             Isaac
          
           and
           Jacob
           ;
           then
           under
           Captains
           ,
           as
           
             Moses
             ,
             Ioshua
          
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           ;
           then
           under
           Judges
           ,
           as
           
             Othoniel
             ,
             Ehud
          
           and
           Gideon
           ;
           then
           under
           High
           Priests
           ,
           as
           Eli
           and
           Samuel
           ;
           then
           under
           Kings
           ,
           as
           
             Saul
             ,
             David
          
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           ;
           then
           under
           Captains
           and
           High
           Priests
           again
           ,
           as
           
             Zorobbabel
             ,
             Iudas
             Maccabeus
          
           ,
           and
           his
           Brethren
           ;
           until
           the
           Government
           was
           lastly
           taken
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           they
           brought
           under
           the
           Power
           of
           the
           Romans
           .
           And
           last
           of
           all
           that
           God
           does
           concur
           with
           what
           Magistrate
           or
           Magistrates
           the
           Community
           thinks
           fit
           to
           appoint
           ,
           is
           plain
           by
           the
           Testimony
           of
           holy
           Scripture
           ,
           as
           when
           God
           said
           to
           
             Solomon
             ,
             By
             me
             Kings
             rule
             ,
             and
             Nobles
             ,
             even
             all
             the
             Iudges
             of
             the
             Earth
             ,
          
           Prov.
           8.
           16.
           that
           is
           ,
           by
           his
           Permission
           they
           govern
           ,
           tho
           chosen
           by
           the
           People
           ;
           and
           St.
           Paul
           to
           the
           Romans
           avoucheth
           ,
           that
           Authority
           is
           not
           but
           of
           God
           ,
           
             and
             therefore
             he
             that
             resisteth
             Authority
             ,
             resisteth
             God
             ,
          
           Rom.
           13.
           which
           is
           to
           be
           understood
           of
           Authority
           ,
           Power
           and
           Jurisdiction
           in
           it self
           according
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           every
           Country
           .
        
         
           All
           Politick
           Societies
           began
           from
           a
           voluntary
           Union
           and
           mutual
           Agreement
           of
           Men
           ,
           freely
           acting
           in
           the
           choice
           of
           their
           Governours
           ,
           and
           Forms
           of
           Government
           .
        
         
           All
           Kings
           receive
           their
           Royal
           Dignity
           from
           the
           Community
           by
           whom
           they
           are
           made
           the
           Superiour
           Minister
           and
           Ruler
           of
           the
           People
           .
        
         
           
             Aristotle
             ,
             Cicero
             ,
             Augustin
             ,
             Fortescue
             ,
          
           and
           all
           other
           Politicians
           agree
           ,
           that
           Kingdoms
           and
           Common-wealths
           were
           existent
           before
           Kings
           ;
           for
           there
           must
           be
           a
           Kingdom
           and
           Society
           of
           Men
           to
           govern
           ,
           before
           there
           can
           be
           a
           King
           elected
           by
           them
           to
           govern
           them
           ;
           and
           those
           Kingdoms
           and
           Societies
           of
           Men
           had
           (
           for
           the
           most
           part
           )
           some
           Common
           Laws
           of
           their
           own
           free
           Choice
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           were
           governed
           ,
           before
           they
           had
           Kings
           ,
           which
           Laws
           they
           swore
           their
           Kings
           to
           observe
           ,
           before
           they
           would
           crown
           or
           admit
           them
           to
           the
           Government
           ,
           as
           is
           
           evident
           by
           the
           Coronation-Oaths
           of
           all
           Christian
           and
           Pagan
           Kings
           continued
           to
           this
           Day
           .
        
         
           The
           Safety
           of
           the
           People
           is
           the
           Supreamest
           Law
           ;
           and
           what
           they
           by
           common
           Consent
           have
           Enacted
           ,
           only
           for
           the
           Publick
           Safety
           ,
           they
           may
           ,
           without
           any
           Obstacle
           ,
           alter
           when
           things
           require
           it
           ,
           by
           the
           like
           common
           Consent
           .
        
         
           The
           lawful
           Power
           of
           making
           Laws
           to
           command
           whole
           Politick
           Societies
           of
           Men
           ,
           belongeth
           so
           properly
           unto
           the
           same
           intire
           Societies
           ,
           that
           for
           any
           Prince
           or
           Potentate
           ,
           of
           what
           kind
           soever
           upon
           Earth
           ,
           to
           exercise
           the
           same
           of
           himself
           ,
           and
           not
           by
           express
           Commission
           immediately
           and
           personally
           received
           from
           God
           ,
           or
           else
           by
           Authority
           derived
           at
           first
           from
           their
           Consent
           ,
           upon
           whose
           Persons
           they
           impose
           Laws
           ,
           it
           is
           no
           better
           than
           meer
           Tyranny
           .
           
             Laws
             they
             are
             not
             therefore
             ,
             which
             Publick
             Approbation
             hath
             not
             made
             so
             .
          
           Hooker
           
             's
             Eccl.
             Pol.
             l.
          
           1.
           
           §
           .
           10.
           
        
         
           Whosoever
           (
           says
           
             Aristotle
             )
             is
             governed
             by
             a
             Man
             without
             a
             Law
             ,
             is
             governed
             by
             a
             Man
             ,
             and
             by
             a
             Beast
             .
          
        
         
           As
           every
           Man
           ,
           in
           the
           delivery
           of
           the
           Gift
           of
           his
           own
           Goods
           ,
           may
           impose
           what
           Covenant
           or
           Condition
           he
           pleases
           ;
           and
           every
           Man
           is
           Moderator
           and
           Disposer
           of
           his
           own
           Estate
           .
           So
           in
           the
           voluntary
           Institution
           of
           a
           King
           ,
           and
           Royal
           Power
           ,
           it
           is
           lawful
           for
           the
           People
           ,
           submitting
           themselves
           ,
           to
           prescribe
           the
           King
           and
           his
           Successors
           what
           Law
           they
           please
           ,
           so
           as
           it
           be
           not
           Unreasonable
           and
           Unjust
           ,
           and
           directly
           against
           the
           Rights
           of
           a
           Supream
           Governour
           .
        
         
           No
           Man
           can
           be
           born
           an
           Absolute
           King
           ;
           no
           Man
           can
           be
           a
           King
           by
           himself
           ;
           no
           King
           can
           Reign
           without
           the
           People
           .
           Whereas
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           the
           People
           may
           both
           be
           ,
           and
           are
           by
           themselves
           ,
           and
           are
           in
           Time
           before
           a
           King.
           By
           which
           it
           appears
           that
           all
           Kings
           were
           and
           are
           constituted
           by
           the
           People
           ,
           because
           ,
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           Superiority
           one
           above
           another
           ;
           and
           God
           has
           no
           where
           commanded
           the
           World
           ,
           or
           any
           part
           thereof
           ,
           to
           be
           governed
           by
           this
           or
           that
           Form
           ,
           or
           by
           this
           or
           that
           Person
           ;
           therefore
           all
           Superiority
           and
           Authority
           must
           ,
           and
           does
           proceed
           from
           the
           People
           ,
           since
           ,
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           and
           Nature
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           Superiority
           one
           above
           another
           .
        
         
         
           Aristotle
           saith
           ,
           
             That
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             City
             ,
             or
             Family
             ,
             is
             more
             excellent
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             preferred
             before
             any
             Part
             or
             Member
             thereof
             .
          
        
         
           Succession
           was
           tolerated
           (
           and
           appointed
           in
           the
           World
           )
           to
           avoid
           Competition
           ,
           and
           Inter-regnum
           ,
           and
           other
           Inconveniences
           of
           Election
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           plain
           ,
           from
           what
           hath
           been
           said
           ,
           that
           all
           Government
           proceeds
           from
           the
           People
           .
           Now
           I
           will
           prove
           that
           they
           have
           Authority
           to
           put
           back
           the
           next
           Inheritors
           to
           Government
           ,
           when
           unfit
           or
           uncapable
           to
           Govern
           :
           And
           also
           to
           dispossess
           them
           that
           are
           in
           lawful
           Possession
           ,
           if
           they
           fulfil
           not
           the
           Laws
           and
           Conditions
           by
           which
           ,
           and
           for
           which
           their
           Dignities
           were
           given
           them
           ;
           and
           when
           it
           is
           done
           upon
           just
           and
           urgent
           Causes
           ,
           and
           by
           Publick
           Authority
           of
           the
           whole
           Body
           ,
           the
           Justice
           thereof
           is
           plain
           ;
           as
           when
           the
           Prince
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           establish
           Idolatry
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ;
           or
           any
           Religion
           which
           is
           repugnant
           to
           the
           Scripture
           ,
           as
           Popery
           ,
           &c.
           or
           to
           destroy
           the
           People
           ,
           or
           make
           them
           Slaves
           to
           his
           Tyrannical
           Will
           and
           Pleasure
           :
           For
           as
           the
           whole
           Body
           is
           of
           more
           Authority
           than
           the
           Head
           ,
           and
           may
           cure
           it
           when
           out
           of
           order
           ;
           so
           may
           the
           Weal-Publick
           cure
           or
           purge
           their
           Heads
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           pernitious
           or
           destructive
           to
           the
           Body
           Politick
           ;
           seeing
           that
           a
           Body
           Civil
           may
           have
           divers
           Heads
           by
           Succession
           or
           Election
           ,
           and
           cannot
           be
           bound
           to
           one
           ,
           as
           a
           Body
           Natural
           is
           :
           which
           Body
           Natural
           ,
           if
           it
           had
           Ability
           to
           cut
           off
           its
           aking
           or
           sickly
           Head
           ,
           and
           take
           another
           ,
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           it
           would
           do
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           all
           Men
           would
           confess
           it
           had
           Authority
           sufficient
           ,
           and
           Reason
           so
           to
           do
           ,
           rather
           than
           the
           other
           Parts
           should
           perish
           ,
           or
           live
           in
           Pain
           and
           continual
           Torment
           :
           So
           may
           the
           body
           Politick
           chuse
           another
           Head
           and
           Governour
           in
           the
           room
           of
           its
           destructive
           One
           ;
           which
           hath
           been
           done
           for
           many
           Ages
           ,
           and
           God
           hath
           wonderfully
           concurred
           therein
           (
           for
           the
           most
           part
           )
           with
           such
           Judicial
           Acts
           of
           the
           Common-Wealth
           against
           their
           Evil
           Princes
           ;
           not
           only
           prospering
           the
           same
           ,
           but
           by
           giving
           them
           commonly
           some
           notable
           Successor
           in
           Place
           of
           the
           Deprived
           ,
           thereby
           both
           to
           justify
           the
           Fact
           ,
           and
           remedy
           the
           Fault
           of
           him
           that
           went
           before
           .
           First
           ,
           King
           Saul
           was
           slain
           by
           the
           Philistines
           by
           God's
           Appointment
           ,
           for
           not
           fulsilling
           the
           Law
           and
           Limits
           prescribed
           unto
           
           him
           .
           Ammon
           was
           lawful
           King
           also
           ,
           yet
           was
           he
           slain
           ,
           for
           that
           he
           walked
           not
           in
           the
           way
           prescribed
           him
           by
           God
           ,
           2
           King.
           21.
           and
           David
           and
           Jesiah
           were
           made
           Kings
           in
           their
           rooms
           ,
           who
           were
           two
           most
           excellent
           Princes
           .
           
             Shal●m
             ,
             Pekahiah
          
           ,
           and
           Pekah
           ,
           three
           wicked
           and
           idolatrous
           Kings
           of
           Israel
           ,
           were
           ,
           by
           God's
           just
           Judgment
           ,
           slain
           one
           after
           another
           .
           And
           all
           the
           Kings
           of
           Israel
           ,
           who
           violated
           the
           Covenant
           and
           Conditions
           annexed
           to
           their
           Crowns
           ,
           did
           ,
           for
           the
           most
           part
           ,
           lose
           their
           Lives
           ,
           and
           underwent
           the
           utter
           Extirpation
           of
           their
           Posterities
           from
           the
           Crown
           .
           Rehoboham
           (
           for
           only
           )
           threatning
           to
           oppress
           the
           People
           ,
           was
           deserted
           by
           them
           ,
           who
           chose
           Jeroboham
           his
           Servant
           in
           his
           stead
           ,
           which
           was
           approved
           on
           by
           God.
           
        
         
           If
           I
           should
           instance
           all
           the
           Kings
           over
           the
           Children
           of
           Israel
           whom
           God
           permitted
           (
           and
           appointed
           )
           to
           be
           slain
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           were
           carried
           away
           Captive
           by
           the
           Heathens
           for
           their
           unjust
           Government
           ,
           I
           should
           be
           too
           copious
           .
           But
           I
           will
           leave
           the
           Hebrews
           ,
           and
           give
           you
           several
           Examples
           of
           the
           depriving
           of
           Evil
           Princes
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           in
           
             France
             ,
             Spain
             ,
             Portugal
          
           ,
           &c.
           and
           last
           of
           all
           in
           Scotland
           and
           England
           ;
           and
           of
           the
           Happiness
           and
           Prosperity
           that
           did
           attend
           those
           Kingdoms
           upon
           such
           Acts
           ,
           which
           can
           be
           imputed
           to
           nothing
           but
           the
           Blessing
           of
           Almighty
           God
           which
           attended
           those
           Proceedings
           ;
           and
           by
           consequence
           he
           approved
           thereof
           ,
           and
           does
           approve
           of
           such
           Acts.
           
        
         
           There
           has
           been
           two
           great
           Changes
           made
           of
           the
           Royal
           Line
           in
           France
           ;
           the
           first
           from
           Pharamond
           to
           the
           Line
           of
           Pepin
           ,
           the
           second
           from
           Pepin
           to
           
             Hugo
             Capet
             .
             Childerick
          
           the
           Third
           was
           deprived
           for
           his
           Evil
           Government
           ,
           and
           Pepin
           was
           chosen
           King
           in
           his
           stead
           ,
           whose
           Posterity
           reigned
           for
           many
           Years
           after
           him
           ,
           and
           were
           brave
           Kings
           ,
           as
           History
           doth
           testify
           .
        
         
           Lewis
           the
           Third
           ,
           and
           Charles
           sirnamed
           Le-Gross
           ,
           were
           both
           deprived
           by
           the
           States
           of
           France
           for
           their
           ill
           Government
           ,
           and
           such
           who
           were
           thought
           more
           worthy
           ,
           appointed
           in
           their
           stead
           .
           All
           French
           Histories
           do
           attribute
           to
           these
           great
           Changes
           that
           have
           been
           made
           by
           the
           People
           ,
           the
           Prosperity
           and
           Greatness
           of
           their
           present
           Kingdom
           .
           Henry
           the
           Third
           ,
           
           before
           he
           was
           King
           of
           France
           ,
           was
           chosen
           King
           of
           Polonia
           :
           But
           for
           departing
           thence
           without
           leave
           ,
           and
           not
           returning
           at
           his
           Day
           ,
           was
           deprived
           by
           publick
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           .
           If
           I
           were
           to
           mention
           all
           the
           Acts
           of
           this
           Nature
           throughout
           Europe
           ,
           I
           should
           be
           too
           tedious
           ,
           therefore
           I
           will
           mention
           only
           some
           few
           .
        
         
           In
           
             Spain
             ,
             Flaveo
             Suintila
          
           was
           deprived
           for
           his
           Evil
           Government
           ,
           together
           with
           all
           his
           Posterity
           ,
           and
           Sissinando
           chosen
           in
           his
           room
           .
        
         
           
             Don
             Pedro
          
           ,
           sirnamed
           the
           Cruel
           ,
           for
           his
           injurious
           Proceedings
           with
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           they
           resolved
           to
           dethrone
           him
           ;
           and
           to
           that
           intent
           sent
           for
           a
           Bastard
           Brother
           of
           his
           ,
           named
           Henry
           ,
           that
           lived
           in
           France
           ,
           desiring
           him
           to
           come
           ,
           with
           some
           French
           Men
           ,
           to
           assist
           them
           in
           that
           Act
           ,
           and
           take
           the
           Crown
           upon
           himself
           .
           Which
           he
           did
           ,
           by
           the
           help
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           and
           slew
           him
           in
           Fight
           hand
           to
           hand
           ,
           and
           so
           enjoyed
           the
           Crown
           ,
           as
           doth
           his
           Off-spring
           to
           this
           Day
           .
           This
           Henry
           was
           a
           most
           Excellent
           King
           ,
           as
           well
           for
           his
           Courage
           in
           War
           ,
           as
           for
           his
           other
           brave
           Qualities
           .
        
         
           In
           
             Portugal
             ,
             Don
             Sanco
          
           the
           Second
           ,
           was
           deprived
           ,
           by
           the
           Universal
           Consent
           of
           all
           Portugal
           ,
           and
           
             Don
             Alanso
          
           his
           Brother
           set
           up
           :
           Who
           ,
           amongst
           other
           great
           Exploits
           ,
           was
           the
           first
           that
           set
           Portugal
           free
           from
           all
           Subjection
           ,
           Dependance
           ,
           and
           Homage
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Castile
           .
           And
           his
           Son
           ,
           who
           was
           his
           Successor
           ,
           builded
           and
           founded
           above
           forty
           great
           Towns
           in
           Portugal
           :
           Who
           was
           likewise
           a
           most
           rare
           Prince
           ,
           and
           his
           Off-spring
           ruleth
           there
           to
           this
           Day
           .
        
         
           Cisternus
           ,
           King
           of
           Denmark
           ,
           for
           his
           intolerable
           Cruelty
           ,
           was
           deprived
           ,
           and
           his
           Wife
           and
           three
           Children
           disinherited
           ,
           and
           his
           Uncle
           Frederick
           was
           chosen
           King
           in
           his
           stead
           ,
           whose
           Off-spring
           remaineth
           in
           the
           Crown
           .
        
         
           In
           Scotland
           ,
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           ,
           &c.
           took
           Arms
           against
           Durstus
           their
           King
           ,
           for
           his
           intolerable
           Cruelty
           ,
           and
           slew
           him
           and
           his
           Confederates
           in
           Battel
           ,
           (
           and
           put
           by
           his
           Sons
           ,
           lest
           they
           should
           imitate
           their
           Father's
           Vices
           )
           and
           elected
           
           Even
           ,
           his
           Brother
           ,
           King
           ;
           who
           leaving
           a
           Bastard
           Son
           ,
           the
           Kingdom
           was
           conferred
           on
           him
           .
           
             Crathy
             Cinthus
          
           having
           surprized
           and
           slain
           Donald
           for
           his
           Tyranny
           ,
           he
           was
           unanimously
           Elected
           King.
           Ethus
           was
           ,
           for
           his
           Evil
           Government
           ,
           deprived
           ,
           and
           Gregory
           made
           King
           in
           his
           stead
           .
           Buchanan
           ,
           a
           Scots-man
           ,
           speaking
           of
           his
           Country
           ,
           saith
           ,
           
             That
             it
             was
             free
             from
             the
             beginning
             ,
             created
             it self
             Kings
             upon
             this
             very
             Law
             ,
             that
             the
             Empire
             being
             conferred
             on
             them
             by
             the
             Suffrages
             of
             the
             People
             ;
             if
             the
             Matter
             required
             it
             ,
             they
             might
             take
             it
             away
             by
             the
             same
             Suffrages
             .
          
           Of
           which
           Law
           many
           Footsteps
           have
           remained
           even
           to
           our
           Age.
           
        
         
           I
           will
           end
           this
           Narration
           with
           Examples
           out
           of
           England
           ,
           (
           before
           and
           since
           the
           Conquest
           )
           
             Archigallo
             ,
             Emerian
             ,
             Vortigern
             ,
             Sigibert
          
           King
           of
           the
           West-Saxons
           ;
           Beornred
           ,
           and
           Alured
           King
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           were
           all
           deprived
           of
           their
           Thrones
           for
           their
           Evil
           Government
           ,
           and
           such
           who
           were
           thought
           more
           Worthy
           preferred
           in
           their
           Stead
           .
           King
           Edwin
           being
           deprived
           for
           his
           Unjust
           Government
           ,
           the
           Crown
           was
           given
           to
           his
           Brother
           Edgar
           ,
           who
           was
           
             one
             of
             the
             rarest
             Princes
             that
             the
             World
             had
             in
             his
             Time
             ,
             both
             for
             Peace
             and
             War
             ,
             Iustice
             ,
             Piety
             ,
             and
             Valour
             :
             He
             kept
             a
             Navy
          
           (
           saith
           
             Stow
             )
             of
             three
             thousand
             and
             six
             hundred
             Ships
             ,
             distributed
             in
             divers
             Parts
             for
             defence
             of
             the
             Realm
             ,
             and
             he
             built
             and
             restored
             forty
             seven
             Monasteries
             at
             his
             own
             Charge
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           The
           Crown
           of
           England
           hath
           been
           altered
           by
           the
           Community
           ,
           and
           settled
           upon
           those
           from
           whom
           they
           expected
           more
           Justice
           than
           from
           the
           right
           Heirs
           ;
           Witness
           the
           Electing
           and
           Crowning
           of
           Edelwald
           and
           
             Casebelian
             ;
             Egbert
          
           not
           next
           in
           Blood
           ,
           
             Edward
             ,
             Adalston
          
           ,
           and
           Harold
           ,
           who
           were
           all
           Illegitimate
           ;
           and
           Edred
           ,
           against
           the
           Right
           of
           his
           two
           Nephews
           ,
           Canutus
           a
           Foreigner
           ,
           and
           Hardiknute
           ,
           without
           Title
           ,
           and
           
             Edward
             the
             Confessor
          
           ,
           against
           the
           Right
           Heirs
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           Conquest
           ,
           
             Anno.
             1087.
             
             Robert
          
           the
           Elder
           Brother
           was
           put
           aside
           ,
           and
           
             William
             Rufus
          
           ,
           the
           third
           Son
           of
           William
           the
           Conqueror
           ,
           was
           Elected
           :
           After
           whose
           Death
           ,
           Henry
           the
           First
           ,
           his
           Younger
           Brother
           (
           though
           not
           next
           Heir
           )
           was
           chosen
           by
           the
           People
           ,
           not
           summoned
           by
           Writ
           .
           After
           the
           Death
           of
           Henry
           the
           First
           ,
           Stephen
           was
           chosen
           King
           against
           the
           right
           
           of
           Mand
           ,
           the
           Daughter
           of
           Henry
           the
           First
           .
           After
           his
           Death
           Henry
           the
           second
           was
           admitted
           King
           ,
           against
           the
           Right
           of
           his
           Mother
           Maud.
           After
           the
           Death
           of
           Richard
           the
           First
           ,
           King
           John
           (
           Earl
           of
           Morton
           )
           was
           Elected
           ,
           and
           Arthur
           the
           Right
           Heir
           disinherited
           .
           Henry
           the
           Third
           was
           chosen
           against
           the
           Right
           of
           Eleanor
           Prince
           
           Arthur's
           Sister
           .
           At
           the
           Death
           of
           Henry
           the
           Third
           ,
           the
           States
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           met
           and
           setled
           the
           Government
           ,
           by
           appointing
           Officers
           ,
           and
           what
           else
           was
           necessary
           for
           the
           Defence
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           and
           Edward
           the
           Fourth
           was
           set
           up
           by
           the
           People
           during
           the
           Life
           of
           Henry
           the
           Sixth
           .
        
         
           Now
           it
           is
           plain
           ,
           that
           the
           Kings
           and
           Queens
           of
           England
           ,
           ever
           since
           William
           Rufus's
           Time
           ,
           have
           proceeded
           from
           those
           who
           were
           set
           up
           by
           the
           People
           against
           the
           next
           Heirs
           .
           King
           Edward
           the
           Second
           ,
           Richard
           the
           Second
           ,
           and
           Richard
           the
           Third
           ,
           were
           ,
           for
           not
           governing
           according
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           deprived
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           and
           Edward
           the
           Third
           ,
           and
           Henry
           the
           Fourth
           and
           Seventh
           ,
           were
           preferred
           in
           their
           rooms
           ,
           which
           were
           most
           Rare
           and
           Valiant
           Princes
           ,
           who
           have
           done
           many
           Important
           Acts
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           have
           raised
           many
           Families
           to
           Nobility
           ,
           put
           down
           others
           ,
           changed
           States
           both
           abroad
           and
           at
           home
           ,
           altered
           the
           Course
           of
           Descent
           in
           the
           Blood
           Royal
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           ;
           which
           was
           unjust
           ,
           and
           is
           void
           at
           this
           Day
           ,
           if
           the
           Changes
           and
           Deprivations
           of
           the
           former
           Kings
           were
           unlawful
           ,
           and
           consequently
           all
           those
           Princes
           that
           have
           succeeded
           them
           (
           which
           yet
           never
           failed
           of
           a
           constant
           Lineal
           Descent
           )
           were
           Usurpers
           ;
           and
           those
           that
           do
           pretend
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           at
           this
           Day
           ,
           have
           no
           Title
           at
           all
           ,
           (
           which
           was
           yet
           never
           denied
           )
           for
           that
           from
           those
           Men
           they
           descended
           ,
           who
           were
           put
           in
           the
           place
           of
           the
           aforementioned
           ,
           deprived
           by
           the
           Common-Wealth
           :
           And
           this
           is
           ,
           and
           hath
           been
           the
           Custom
           and
           Practice
           of
           all
           Kingdoms
           and
           Common-Wealths
           ,
           to
           deprive
           their
           Princes
           for
           their
           Evil
           Government
           ;
           and
           that
           God
           hath
           ,
           and
           does
           concur
           with
           the
           same
           ,
           is
           plain
           from
           the
           Examples
           before-mentioned
           ,
           of
           the
           Prosperity
           and
           Happiness
           that
           hath
           attended
           those
           Acts.
           
        
         
         
           The
           Barons
           ,
           Prelates
           ,
           and
           Commons
           took
           a
           solemn
           Oath
           ,
           That
           if
           King
           John
           should
           refuse
           to
           grant
           and
           confirm
           their
           Laws
           and
           Liberties
           ,
           they
           would
           wage
           War
           against
           him
           so
           long
           ,
           and
           withdraw
           themselves
           from
           their
           Allegiance
           to
           him
           ,
           until
           he
           should
           confirm
           to
           them
           by
           a
           Charter
           ,
           ratified
           with
           his
           Seal
           ,
           all
           things
           which
           they
           required
           :
           and
           that
           if
           the
           King
           should
           afterwards
           peradventure
           recede
           from
           his
           Oath
           ,
           as
           they
           verily
           believed
           he
           would
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           double-dealing
           ,
           they
           would
           forthwith
           ,
           by
           seizing
           on
           his
           Castles
           ,
           compel
           him
           to
           give
           Satisfaction
           .
           He
           afterwards
           breaking
           his
           Oath
           and
           Promise
           ,
           the
           Barons
           said
           ,
           
             What
             shall
             we
             do
             with
             this
             wicked
             King
             ?
             if
             we
             let
             him
             thus
             alone
             he
             will
             destroy
             us
             and
             our
             People
             ;
             it
             is
             expedient
             therefore
             that
             he
             should
             be
             expelled
             the
             Throne
             ,
             we
             will
             not
             have
             him
             any
             longer
             to
             reign
             over
             us
             :
          
           and
           accordingly
           they
           sent
           for
           Lewis
           the
           Prince
           of
           France
           ,
           to
           be
           their
           King
           ,
           and
           swore
           Fealty
           to
           him
           ,
           but
           they
           afterwards
           discovering
           that
           he
           had
           sworn
           that
           he
           would
           oppress
           them
           ,
           and
           extirpate
           all
           their
           Kindred
           ,
           they
           rejected
           him
           ,
           and
           set
           up
           Henry
           the
           Third
           .
        
         
           The
           Bishops
           of
           
             Hereford
             ,
             Lincoln
          
           ,
           and
           several
           Earls
           ,
           Barons
           and
           Knights
           for
           each
           County
           ,
           being
           deputed
           to
           go
           to
           Edward
           II
           ,
           and
           demand
           a
           Surrender
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           said
           to
           him
           ,
           
             That
             unless
             he
             did
             of
             himself
             renounce
             his
             Crown
             and
             Scepter
             ,
             the
             People
             would
             neither
             endure
             him
             ,
             or
             any
             of
             his
             Children
             ,
             as
             their
             Soveraign
             ;
             but
             disclaiming
             all
             Homage
             and
             Fealty
             ,
             would
             elect
             some
             other
             for
             King
             who
             should
             not
             be
             of
             the
             Blood
          
           ;
           upon
           which
           the
           King
           resigned
           his
           Crown
           ,
           &c.
           
           By
           the
           common
           Usage
           of
           England
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           common
           Law
           of
           England
           ,
           Kings
           may
           be
           deprived
           for
           evil
           Government
           ,
           and
           others
           set
           up
           in
           their
           stead
           ,
           is
           plain
           from
           the
           afore-going
           Examples
           .
        
         
           Richard
           the
           First
           being
           taken
           Prisoner
           by
           the
           Emperor
           in
           his
           Return
           from
           the
           Holy
           Land
           ,
           it
           was
           decreed
           ,
           that
           the
           fourth
           part
           of
           all
           that
           Year's
           Rents
           ,
           and
           of
           all
           the
           Moveables
           ,
           as
           well
           of
           the
           Clergy
           as
           of
           the
           Laity
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Woolls
           of
           the
           Abbots
           of
           the
           Order
           of
           Cistersians
           and
           of
           Semphringham
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Gold
           and
           Silver
           Chalices
           ,
           and
           Treasure
           of
           all
           Churches
           ,
           should
           be
           paid
           in
           towards
           the
           Ransom
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           which
           was
           done
           accordingly
           .
           If
           all
           this
           was
           given
           for
           the
           Liberty
           of
           one
           Man
           ;
           certainly
           much
           more
           ought
           to
           be
           given
           now
           ,
           
           when
           all
           our
           Liberties
           and
           Properties
           ,
           and
           even
           our
           Religion
           too
           lies
           at
           stake
           ,
           if
           Necessity
           required
           it
           ,
           which
           God
           forbid
           .
        
         
           By
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           
             Salus
             Populi
          
           ,
           the
           Welfare
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           is
           both
           the
           supream
           and
           first
           Law
           in
           Government
           ,
           and
           the
           scope
           and
           end
           of
           all
           other
           Laws
           ,
           and
           of
           Government
           it self
           ;
           because
           the
           Safety
           of
           the
           Body
           Politick
           is
           ever
           to
           be
           preferred
           before
           any
           one
           Person
           whatsoever
           .
        
         
           No
           Human
           Law
           is
           binding
           which
           is
           contrary
           to
           the
           Scripture
           ,
           or
           the
           general
           Laws
           of
           Nature
           .
        
         
           Religion
           doth
           not
           overthrow
           Nature
           ,
           whose
           chiefest
           Principle
           is
           to
           preserve
           her self
           ;
           and
           God
           doth
           not
           countenance
           Sin
           in
           the
           greatest
           ,
           but
           rewards
           the
           Punisher
           ,
           witness
           Jehu
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           The
           end
           for
           which
           Men
           enter
           into
           Society
           ,
           is
           not
           barely
           to
           live
           ,
           but
           to
           live
           happily
           ,
           answerable
           to
           the
           Excellency
           of
           their
           Kind
           ,
           which
           Happiness
           is
           not
           to
           be
           had
           out
           of
           Society
           .
        
         
           All
           Common-wealths
           are
           in
           a
           State
           of
           Nature
           one
           with
           another
           .
        
         
           As
           Magistrates
           were
           designed
           for
           a
           general
           Good
           ;
           so
           the
           Obligation
           to
           them
           must
           be
           understood
           so
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           still
           in
           Subordination
           to
           the
           main
           End
           ;
           for
           the
           reason
           of
           all
           Law
           and
           Government
           is
           the
           Publick
           Good.
           
        
         
           Government
           being
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Governed
           ,
           and
           not
           for
           the
           sole
           advantage
           of
           the
           Governours
           ,
           but
           only
           for
           theirs
           with
           the
           rest
           ,
           as
           they
           make
           a
           part
           of
           that
           Politick
           Body
           ,
           each
           of
           whose
           Parts
           and
           Members
           are
           taken
           care
           of
           ,
           and
           directed
           in
           their
           peculiar
           Function
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           whole
           ,
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Society
           .
        
         
           The
           end
           of
           Government
           being
           the
           Preservation
           of
           all
           as
           much
           as
           may
           be
           ,
           even
           the
           Guilty
           are
           to
           be
           spared
           where
           it
           can
           prove
           no
           prejudice
           to
           the
           Innocent
           .
        
         
           
             The
             publick
             Power
             of
             all
             Society
             is
             above
             every
             Soul
             contained
             in
             the
             same
             Society
             ;
             and
             the
             Principal
             use
             of
             that
             Power
             is
             to
             give
             Laws
             unto
             all
             that
             are
             under
             it
             ,
             which
             Laws
             in
             such
             cases
             we
             must
             obey
             ,
             unless
             there
             be
             reason
             shewed
             which
             may
             necessarily
             inforce
             that
             the
             Law
             of
             Reason
             or
             of
             God
             doth
             injoyn
             the
             contrary
             .
             
               
                 Hooker
                 Eccl.
                 Pol.
              
               l.
               1.
               
               §.
               10.
               
            
          
        
         
         
           
             T.
             Cicero
          
           saith
           ,
           
             there
             is
             one
             Nature
             of
             all
             Men
             ;
             that
             even
             Nature
             it self
             prescribes
             this
             ,
             that
             a
             Man
             ought
             to
             take
             care
             of
             a
             Man
             who
             ever
             he
             be
             ,
             even
             for
             this
             very
             cause
             ,
             that
             he
             is
             a
             Man.
             If
             otherwise
             ,
             all
             human
             Consociation
             must
             necessarily
             be
             dissolved
             ;
             therefore
             ,
             as
             there
             are
             two
             Foundations
             of
             Justice
             :
             First
             ,
             that
             no
             hurt
             be
             done
             to
             any
             ;
             next
             ,
             that
             the
             Profit
             of
             all
             ,
             if
             it
             can
             be
             done
             ,
             be
             advanced
             .
          
        
         
           That
           all
           Magistates
           and
           Governours
           do
           proceed
           from
           the
           People
           ,
           is
           plain
           from
           the
           following
           Examples
           in
           Scripture
           ;
           Deut.
           16.
           18
           ,
           19.
           the
           Children
           of
           Israel
           are
           commanded
           to
           make
           Judges
           and
           Officers
           throughout
           their
           Tribes
           .
           
             Deut.
             17.
             14
             ,
             15.
             
             When
             thou
             art
             come
             into
             the
             Land
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             and
             shalt
             say
             ,
             I
             will
             set
             a
             King
             over
             me
             ,
             like
             as
             all
             the
             Nations
             that
             are
             about
             me
             :
             Thou
             shalt
             in
             any
             wise
             set
             him
             King
             over
             thee
             ,
             whom
             the
             Lord
             thy
             God
             shall
             choose
             :
             One
             from
             among
             thy
             Brethren
             shalt
             thou
             set
             over
             thee
             ;
             thou
             mayst
             not
             set
             a
             Stranger
             over
             thee
             .
          
           So
           God
           did
           only
           reserve
           to
           himself
           the
           Nomination
           of
           their
           King
           ;
           by
           which
           he
           designed
           to
           make
           his
           People
           more
           happy
           than
           they
           could
           expect
           by
           their
           own
           peculiar
           Choice
           ;
           he
           knowing
           the
           Heart
           of
           Man
           ,
           and
           Corruption
           of
           his
           Nature
           ,
           would
           be
           sure
           to
           nominate
           such
           who
           was
           most
           fit
           to
           govern
           his
           People
           .
        
         
           God
           did
           not
           require
           the
           Jews
           to
           accept
           of
           him
           for
           King
           whom
           he
           should
           chuse
           ,
           but
           left
           it
           to
           their
           own
           free
           Will
           ,
           whether
           they
           would
           accept
           him
           or
           no
           ,
           is
           plain
           from
           the
           following
           Examples
           .
           Upon
           the
           Death
           of
           
             Saul
             ,
             David
          
           was
           set
           up
           by
           the
           Appointment
           of
           Almighty
           God
           ,
           yet
           there
           was
           only
           the
           Tribe
           of
           Judah
           that
           followed
           David
           and
           made
           him
           King
           ,
           eleven
           Tribes
           following
           Ishbosheth
           ,
           Saul's
           Son
           ,
           whom
           they
           made
           King
           ;
           and
           though
           David
           had
           a
           long
           War
           against
           the
           House
           of
           Saul
           ,
           yet
           he
           calls
           them
           not
           Rebels
           ,
           neither
           do
           we
           find
           that
           God
           punished
           them
           ,
           or
           sent
           any
           Judgment
           upon
           them
           for
           not
           accepting
           of
           David
           as
           King
           ;
           and
           when
           Rechab
           and
           Banah
           had
           slain
           Ishbosheth
           ,
           and
           brought
           his
           Head
           to
           David
           at
           Hebron
           ,
           saying
           ,
           
             Behold
             the
             Head
             of
             thine
             Enemy
             !
          
           yet
           David
           ,
           instead
           of
           rewarding
           them
           ,
           caused
           them
           to
           be
           slain
           for
           killing
           of
           Ishbosheth
           ,
           whom
           he
           calls
           a
           righteous
           Person
           ,
           not
           a
           Rebel
           :
           After
           whose
           Death
           all
           those
           Tribes
           
           came
           to
           David
           ,
           and
           made
           a
           Compact
           with
           him
           for
           the
           performance
           of
           such
           Conditions
           which
           they
           thought
           necessary
           for
           the
           securing
           of
           their
           Liberty
           before
           they
           made
           him
           King
           :
           2
           
             Sam.
             Chap.
          
           2
           ,
           3
           ,
           4
           ,
           5.
           
           The
           making
           of
           Solomon
           King
           by
           David
           his
           Father
           ,
           was
           not
           thought
           sufficient
           without
           the
           Peoples
           Consent
           ,
           else
           why
           did
           the
           People
           anoint
           Solomon
           ,
           and
           make
           him
           King
           the
           second
           time
           .
           We
           read
           ,
           Judg.
           8.
           21
           ,
           22
           ,
           23.
           that
           after
           Gideon
           had
           slain
           Zebah
           and
           Zalmunna
           with
           the
           Midianites
           ,
           the
           Children
           of
           Israel
           said
           unto
           
             Gideon
             ,
             Rule
             thou
             over
             us
             ,
             both
             thou
             and
             thy
             Sons
             ,
             and
             thy
             Sons
             Son
             also
             ;
             for
             thou
             hast
             delivered
             us
             from
             the
             Hand
             of
          
           Midian
           .
           But
           he
           refusing
           their
           Offer
           ,
           they
           afterwards
           made
           his
           Bastard-Son
           Abimelech
           King
           ,
           though
           he
           had
           threefoore
           and
           ten
           lawfully-begotten
           Sons
           .
           Zimri
           having
           slain
           Baasha
           King
           of
           Israel
           ,
           reigned
           in
           his
           stead
           ,
           but
           the
           Children
           of
           Israel
           hearing
           thereof
           ,
           rejected
           him
           ,
           and
           made
           Omri
           the
           Captain
           of
           the
           Host
           King
           of
           
             Israel
             ,
             1
             Kings
          
           16.
           15
           ,
           16.
           
           The
           Kingdom
           of
           Edom
           appointed
           a
           Deputy
           to
           rule
           over
           them
           instead
           of
           a
           King
           ,
           and
           gave
           him
           Royal
           Authority
           ,
           there
           being
           then
           no
           King
           in
           
             Edom
             ,
             1
             Kings
          
           22.
           47.
           
           See
           Macchab.
           9.
           28
           ,
           29
           ,
           30.
           
           &
           13.
           8
           ,
           9.
           
           &
           14.
           41
           to
           49.
           
           By
           which
           it
           is
           further
           apparent
           that
           their
           Kings
           and
           Governours
           were
           chosen
           by
           the
           People
           .
        
         
           As
           propinquity
           of
           Blood
           is
           a
           great
           Preheminence
           towards
           the
           attaining
           of
           any
           Crown
           ,
           yet
           it
           doth
           not
           bind
           the
           Common-wealth
           to
           yield
           thereto
           ,
           and
           to
           admit
           at
           hap-hazard
           every
           one
           that
           is
           next
           by
           Succession
           of
           Blood
           ,
           (
           as
           was
           falsly
           affirmed
           by
           
             R.
             L'estrange
          
           and
           many
           others
           ,
           when
           the
           Parliament
           would
           have
           disinherited
           the
           Duke
           of
           York
           as
           unfit
           to
           govern
           this
           Nation
           ,
           he
           being
           a
           Papist
           )
           if
           weighty
           Reasons
           require
           the
           contrary
           ,
           because
           she
           is
           bound
           to
           consider
           well
           and
           maturely
           the
           Person
           that
           is
           to
           enter
           ,
           whether
           he
           be
           like
           to
           perform
           his
           Duty
           and
           Charge
           to
           be
           committed
           to
           him
           :
           For
           to
           admit
           him
           that
           is
           an
           Enemy
           or
           unfit
           to
           govern
           ,
           is
           to
           consent
           to
           the
           destroying
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           .
           See
           how
           God
           dealt
           in
           this
           point
           with
           the
           Children
           of
           
             Israel
             ,
             1
             Sam.
          
           8.
           after
           he
           had
           granted
           to
           them
           the
           same
           Government
           as
           the
           other
           Nations
           round
           about
           them
           had
           ,
           whose
           Kings
           did
           ordinarily
           reign
           by
           Succession
           as
           ours
           do
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           and
           as
           most
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           the
           Jews
           did
           afterwards
           :
           yet
           that
           this
           Law
           of
           succeeding
           by
           
           Proximity
           of
           Birth
           ,
           though
           for
           the
           most
           part
           it
           should
           prevail
           ,
           yet
           He
           shewed
           plainly
           that
           upon
           just
           Causes
           it
           might
           be
           altered
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           case
           of
           Saul
           ,
           who
           left
           behind
           him
           many
           Children
           ,
           yet
           not
           any
           of
           them
           succeeded
           him
           ,
           except
           Ishbosheth
           ,
           who
           was
           not
           his
           eldest
           Son
           ,
           who
           was
           anointed
           King
           by
           Abner
           the
           general
           Captain
           of
           that
           Nation
           ,
           to
           whom
           eleven
           Tribes
           followed
           ,
           until
           he
           was
           slain
           ;
           and
           then
           they
           chose
           David
           .
           And
           Jonathan
           ,
           Saul's
           other
           Son
           ,
           so
           much
           praised
           in
           holy
           Scripture
           ,
           being
           slain
           in
           War
           ,
           his
           Son
           Mephibosheth
           did
           not
           succeed
           in
           the
           Crown
           ,
           though
           by
           Succession
           he
           had
           much
           greater
           Right
           to
           it
           than
           David
           .
           God
           promised
           David
           that
           his
           Seed
           should
           reign
           
             (
             for
             ever
          
           )
           after
           him
           —
           Yet
           we
           do
           not
           find
           this
           performed
           to
           any
           of
           his
           elder
           Sons
           ,
           nor
           to
           any
           of
           their
           Offspring
           ,
           but
           only
           to
           Solomon
           his
           younger
           and
           tenth
           Son.
           Rehoboam
           ,
           the
           lawful
           Son
           and
           Heir
           of
           King
           Solomon
           ,
           coming
           to
           Shichem
           ,
           where
           all
           the
           People
           of
           Israel
           were
           assembled
           together
           for
           his
           Coronation
           and
           admission
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           (
           for
           until
           that
           time
           he
           was
           not
           accounted
           true
           King
           )
           who
           refusing
           to
           ease
           them
           of
           some
           heavy
           Impositions
           which
           they
           had
           received
           from
           his
           Father
           ,
           ten
           Tribes
           of
           the
           twelve
           refuse
           to
           admit
           him
           their
           King
           ,
           and
           chose
           Jeroboam
           his
           Servant
           ,
           and
           made
           him
           their
           lawful
           King
           ,
           and
           God
           allowed
           thereof
           ;
           for
           when
           Rehoboam
           had
           prepared
           an
           hundred
           and
           fourscore
           thousand
           chosen
           Men
           ,
           who
           were
           Warriours
           ,
           to
           reduce
           those
           ten
           Tribes
           to
           the
           Obedience
           of
           their
           Natural
           Prince
           ,
           God
           commanded
           them
           to
           desist
           by
           his
           Prophet
           Shemaiah
           ,
           and
           so
           they
           did
           .
           These
           and
           the
           like
           Determinations
           of
           the
           People
           about
           admitting
           or
           refusing
           of
           Princes
           to
           reign
           or
           not
           to
           reign
           over
           them
           ,
           when
           their
           Designments
           are
           to
           good
           Ends
           ,
           and
           for
           just
           Causes
           ,
           are
           allowed
           by
           God
           ,
           and
           oftentimes
           are
           his
           own
           special
           Drifts
           and
           Dispositions
           ,
           though
           they
           seem
           to
           come
           from
           Man.
           
        
         
           He
           who
           is
           set
           up
           or
           made
           King
           by
           the
           Consent
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           hath
           a
           just
           Title
           against
           the
           next
           Heir
           of
           the
           Blood
           and
           his
           Issue
           ,
           who
           are
           put
           by
           the
           Crown
           ;
           else
           most
           of
           the
           Princes
           now
           reigning
           in
           Europe
           would
           be
           Usurpers
           ,
           and
           want
           good
           Titles
           to
           their
           Crowns
           ,
           they
           or
           their
           Ancestors
           being
           set
           up
           by
           the
           People
           ,
           which
           were
           not
           the
           right
           Heirs
           of
           the
           Royal
           Stock
           .
        
         
           The
           Laws
           of
           the
           Commonwealth
           is
           the
           very
           Soul
           of
           a
           Politick
           Body
           .
        
         
         
           Kings
           and
           Emperors
           always
           have
           been
           ,
           are
           ,
           and
           ought
           to
           be
           subject
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           their
           Kingdoms
           ;
           not
           above
           them
           ,
           to
           violate
           ,
           break
           or
           alter
           them
           at
           their
           pleasures
           ,
           they
           being
           obliged
           by
           their
           Coronation-Oaths
           ,
           in
           all
           Ages
           and
           Kingdoms
           ,
           inviolably
           to
           observe
           them
           :
           for
           St.
           Paul
           saith
           ,
           A
           Prince
           is
           the
           Minister
           of
           God
           for
           the
           Peoples
           Good
           ,
           and
           Tribute
           and
           Custom
           are
           paid
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           continually
           attend
           thereto
           .
        
         
           The
           Defence
           and
           Procuration
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           is
           to
           be
           managed
           to
           the
           benefit
           of
           those
           who
           are
           committed
           ,
           not
           of
           those
           to
           whom
           it
           is
           committed
           .
           A
           just
           Governour
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           is
           more
           careful
           of
           the
           Publick
           Good
           and
           Welfare
           ,
           than
           of
           his
           own
           private
           Advantage
           .
        
         
           Allegiance
           is
           nothing
           but
           Obedience
           according
           to
           Law
           ,
           which
           when
           the
           Prince
           violates
           ,
           he
           has
           no
           Right
           to
           Obedience
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           a
           mutual
           Obligation
           between
           the
           King
           and
           People
           ,
           which
           whether
           it
           be
           only
           Civil
           or
           Natural
           ,
           tacit
           ,
           or
           in
           express
           Words
           ,
           can
           be
           taken
           away
           by
           no
           Agreements
           ,
           violated
           by
           no
           Law
           ,
           rescinded
           by
           no
           Force
           .
        
         
           A
           Kingdom
           is
           nothing
           else
           but
           the
           mutual
           Stipulation
           between
           the
           People
           and
           their
           Kings
           .
        
         
           The
           supream
           Authority
           of
           a
           Nation
           belongs
           to
           those
           who
           have
           the
           Legislative
           Authority
           reserved
           to
           them
           ;
           but
           not
           to
           those
           who
           have
           only
           the
           Executive
           ,
           which
           is
           plainly
           a
           Trust
           when
           it
           is
           separated
           from
           the
           Legislative
           Power
           ;
           and
           all
           Trusts
           by
           their
           Nature
           import
           ,
           That
           those
           to
           whom
           they
           are
           given
           are
           accountable
           ,
           though
           no
           such
           Condition
           is
           specified
           .
        
         
           If
           the
           Subject
           may
           in
           no
           case
           resist
           ,
           then
           there
           can
           be
           no
           Law
           ,
           but
           the
           Will
           and
           Pleasure
           of
           the
           Prince
           :
           for
           whoever
           must
           be
           opposed
           in
           nothing
           ,
           may
           do
           every
           thing
           ;
           then
           all
           our
           Laws
           signify
           no
           more
           than
           so
           many
           Cyphers
           :
           And
           what
           are
           the
           Law-makers
           but
           so
           many
           Fools
           or
           Mad-men
           ,
           who
           give
           themselves
           trouble
           to
           no
           purpose
           ?
           For
           if
           the
           King
           is
           not
           obliged
           to
           govern
           by
           those
           Laws
           that
           they
           make
           ,
           to
           what
           purpose
           are
           the
           People
           to
           obey
           such
           Laws
           ?
        
         
           Whether
           another
           has
           Right
           to
           my
           Goods
           ,
           or
           ,
           if
           he
           demand
           them
           ,
           I
           have
           no
           Right
           to
           keep
           them
           ,
           is
           all
           one
           .
        
         
           If
           the
           King
           sue
           me
           by
           pretence
           of
           Law
           ,
           and
           endeavour
           to
           take
           away
           my
           Money
           ,
           my
           House
           or
           my
           Land
           ,
           I
           may
           defend
           them
           by
           the
           Law
           ;
           but
           if
           he
           comes
           armed
           to
           take
           away
           my
           
           Liberty
           ,
           Life
           and
           Religion
           ,
           which
           are
           mine
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           God
           and
           Man
           ,
           may
           I
           not
           secure
           them
           with
           a
           good
           Conscience
           ?
        
         
           Every
           Man
           has
           a
           Right
           to
           preserve
           himself
           ,
           his
           Rights
           and
           Priviledges
           ,
           against
           him
           who
           has
           no
           Authority
           to
           invade
           them
           :
           And
           this
           was
           the
           Case
           of
           Moses
           ,
           who
           seeing
           an
           Egyptian
           smiting
           an
           Hebrew
           he
           slew
           him
           .
           And
           Samson
           made
           War
           upon
           the
           Philistines
           for
           burning
           his
           Wife
           and
           her
           Father
           ,
           who
           were
           both
           but
           private
           Persons
           ,
           who
           knew
           they
           could
           have
           no
           other
           kind
           of
           Justice
           against
           them
           ,
           but
           what
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           gives
           every
           Man.
           
        
         
           
             We
             ought
          
           (
           saith
           the
           Learned
           
             Junius
             Brutus
          
           in
           his
           Discourse
           of
           Government
           )
           
             to
             consider
             that
             all
             Princes
             are
             born
             Men.
          
           We
           cannot
           therefore
           expect
           to
           have
           only
           perfect
           Princes
           ,
           but
           rather
           we
           ought
           to
           think
           it
           well
           with
           us
           if
           we
           have
           gained
           but
           indifferent
           ones
           :
           therefore
           the
           Prince
           shall
           not
           presently
           be
           a
           Tyrant
           if
           he
           keep
           not
           measure
           in
           some
           things
           ,
           if
           now
           and
           then
           he
           obey
           not
           Reason
           ,
           if
           he
           more
           slowly
           seek
           the
           Publick
           Good
           ,
           if
           he
           be
           less
           diligent
           in
           administring
           Justice
           .
           For
           seeing
           a
           Man
           is
           not
           set
           over
           Men
           as
           if
           he
           were
           some
           God
           ,
           as
           he
           is
           over
           ,
           Beasts
           ,
           but
           as
           he
           is
           a
           Man
           born
           in
           the
           same
           Condition
           with
           them
           :
           as
           that
           Prince
           shall
           be
           proud
           ,
           who
           will
           abuse
           Men
           like
           Beasts
           ;
           so
           that
           People
           shall
           be
           unjust
           ,
           who
           shall
           seek
           a
           God
           in
           a
           Prince
           ,
           and
           a
           Divinity
           in
           this
           frail
           Nature
           .
           But
           truly
           if
           he
           shall
           wilfully
           subvert
           the
           Republick
           ;
           if
           he
           shall
           wilfully
           pervert
           the
           Laws
           ;
           if
           he
           shall
           have
           no
           care
           of
           his
           Faith
           ,
           none
           of
           his
           Promises
           ,
           none
           of
           Justice
           ,
           none
           of
           Piety
           ;
           if
           himself
           become
           an
           Enemy
           of
           his
           People
           ,
           or
           shall
           use
           all
           or
           the
           chiefest
           Notes
           we
           have
           mentioned
           ,
           then
           verily
           he
           may
           be
           judged
           a
           Tyrant
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           an
           Enemy
           of
           God
           and
           Men
           :
           And
           by
           how
           much
           longer
           he
           is
           tolerated
           ,
           the
           more
           intolerable
           he
           becomes
           ,
           and
           they
           may
           act
           against
           him
           whatever
           they
           may
           use
           against
           a
           Tyrant
           either
           by
           Law
           or
           just
           Force
           .
           Tyranny
           is
           not
           only
           a
           Crime
           ,
           but
           the
           Head
           ,
           and
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           ,
           the
           heap
           of
           all
           Crimes
           ;
           therefore
           is
           he
           so
           much
           the
           more
           wicked
           than
           any
           Thief
           ,
           Murtherer
           ,
           or
           sacrilegious
           Person
           ,
           by
           how
           much
           it
           is
           more
           grievous
           to
           offend
           many
           and
           all
           ,
           than
           particular
           Persons
           .
           Now
           if
           all
           these
           be
           reputed
           Enemies
           ,
           if
           they
           be
           capitally
           punished
           ,
           if
           they
           suffer
           pains
           of
           Death
           ,
           can
           any
           invent
           a
           Punishment
           worthy
           so
           horrid
           a
           Crime
           ?
        
         
         
           The
           Laws
           are
           the
           Nerves
           and
           Sinews
           of
           Society
           ;
           and
           as
           the
           Magistrate
           is
           above
           the
           People
           ,
           so
           is
           the
           Law
           above
           the
           Magistrate
           ,
           or
           else
           there
           can
           be
           no
           Civil
           Society
           .
        
         
           He
           who
           makes
           himself
           above
           all
           Law
           ,
           is
           no
           Member
           of
           a
           Common-wealth
           ,
           but
           a
           meer
           Tyrant
           .
        
         
           If
           a
           Magistrate
           ,
           notwithstanding
           all
           Laws
           made
           for
           the
           well-governing
           a
           Community
           ,
           will
           act
           plainly
           destructive
           to
           that
           Community
           ,
           they
           are
           discharged
           either
           from
           Active
           or
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           and
           indispensibly
           obliged
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           to
           Resistance
           .
        
         
           Is
           it
           not
           reasonable
           and
           just
           I
           should
           have
           a
           right
           to
           destroy
           him
           who
           threatens
           me
           with
           Destruction
           ?
           for
           by
           the
           Fundamental
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           Man
           being
           to
           be
           preserved
           as
           much
           as
           possible
           ,
           when
           all
           cannot
           be
           preserved
           ,
           the
           Safety
           of
           the
           Innocent
           is
           to
           be
           preferred
           ;
           I
           say
           ,
           he
           who
           having
           renounced
           his
           Reason
           ,
           the
           common
           Rule
           and
           Measure
           God
           hath
           given
           to
           Mankind
           ,
           by
           endeavouring
           to
           destroy
           me
           ,
           is
           thereby
           become
           as
           a
           Beast
           of
           Prey
           ,
           and
           ought
           to
           be
           treated
           accordingly
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Laws
          
           (
           says
           
             Tully
             )
             are
             above
             the
             Magistrates
             ,
             as
             the
             Magistrates
             are
             above
             the
             People
             .
          
        
         
           He
           who
           is
           destructive
           to
           the
           Being
           of
           another
           ,
           hath
           quitted
           the
           Reason
           which
           God
           hath
           given
           to
           be
           the
           Rule
           betwixt
           Man
           and
           Man
           of
           Justice
           and
           Equity
           ,
           hath
           put
           himself
           into
           the
           State
           of
           War
           with
           the
           other
           ,
           and
           is
           as
           noxious
           as
           any
           savage
           Beast
           that
           seeks
           his
           Destruction
           .
        
         
           No
           Man
           in
           Civil
           Society
           can
           be
           exempted
           from
           the
           Laws
           of
           it
           :
           for
           if
           there
           be
           no
           Appeal
           on
           Earth
           ,
           for
           Redress
           or
           Security
           against
           any
           Mischief
           the
           Prince
           may
           do
           ,
           then
           every
           Man
           in
           that
           Society
           is
           in
           a
           State
           of
           Nature
           with
           him
           ,
           in
           respect
           of
           him
           .
        
         
           Thucidides
           l.
           2.
           saith
           ,
           
             Not
             only
             those
             are
             Tyrants
             who
             reduce
             other
             into
             Servitude
             ,
             but
             much
             rather
             those
             ,
             who
             when
             they
             may
             repulse
             that
             Violence
             ,
             take
             no
             care
             to
             do
             it
             ;
             but
             especially
             those
             who
             will
             be
             called
             the
             Defenders
             of
             Greece
             and
             the
             Common
             Country
             ,
             but
             yet
             help
             not
             their
             oppressed
             Country
             .
          
        
         
           If
           a
           Man
           may
           be
           a
           Wolf
           to
           a
           Man
           ,
           nothing
           forbids
           but
           that
           a
           Man
           may
           be
           a
           God
           to
           a
           Man
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           in
           the
           Proverb
           .
           Therefore
           Antiquity
           hath
           enrolled
           Hercules
           amongst
           the
           number
           
           of
           the
           Gods
           ,
           because
           he
           punished
           and
           tamed
           
             Procrustes
             ,
             Busyris
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Tyrants
           ,
           the
           Pests
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           and
           Monstets
           of
           the
           World.
           So
           also
           the
           Roman
           Empire
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           it
           stood
           free
           ,
           was
           often
           called
           the
           Patrocine
           against
           the
           Robberies
           of
           Tyrants
           ,
           because
           the
           Senate
           was
           the
           Haven
           and
           Refuge
           of
           Kings
           ,
           People
           and
           Nations
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           as
           lawful
           ,
           and
           more
           reasonable
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           overthrowing
           of
           our
           Religion
           ,
           Laws
           ,
           Rights
           and
           Priviledges
           ,
           fro●
           any
           Man
           or
           Men
           whatsoever
           amongst
           our selves
           ,
           as
           from
           a
           foreign
           Power
           ;
           because
           one
           acts
           contrary
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           God
           and
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           being
           not
           subject
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           can
           be
           no
           ways
           bound
           by
           it
           .
        
         
           It
           was
           thought
           no
           Injustice
           in
           the
           Ship
           to
           call
           out
           the
           Prophet
           ,
           when
           they
           found
           he
           was
           likely
           to
           prove
           the
           Wrack
           of
           them
           all
           ;
           and
           the
           Almighty
           shewed
           he
           approved
           of
           their
           Act
           ,
           by
           quieting
           the
           Storm
           when
           he
           was
           gone
           .
           The
           Scripture
           ,
           that
           hath
           set
           us
           none
           but
           good
           Example
           ,
           tells
           us
           ,
           That
           some
           Princes
           should
           not
           have
           one
           of
           their
           Race
           left
           that
           pisseth
           against
           the
           Wall
           :
           Now
           what
           were
           their
           Faults
           but
           Idolatry
           and
           Oppression
           of
           their
           People
           ?
           Then
           how
           can
           it
           be
           a
           Sin
           in
           a
           Nation
           to
           free
           themselves
           from
           an
           idolatrous
           and
           oppressing
           King
           ?
           When
           it
           is
           done
           by
           the
           greatest
           and
           most
           considerable
           part
           thereof
           ,
           it
           does
           silently
           imply
           a
           Consent
           of
           God
           ;
           for
           it
           cannot
           be
           Covetousness
           or
           Ambition
           that
           moves
           such
           a
           Multitude
           .
        
         
           When
           once
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           is
           become
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Subjects
           Property
           by
           the
           Laws
           and
           Constitutions
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           then
           it
           is
           to
           be
           considered
           as
           one
           of
           their
           principal
           Rights
           :
           and
           so
           may
           be
           defended
           as
           well
           as
           any
           other
           Civil
           Right
           ;
           since
           that
           those
           different
           Forms
           of
           Government
           that
           the
           Jews
           were
           under
           ,
           is
           no
           Rule
           for
           the
           Government
           of
           any
           Nation
           or
           People
           whatsoever
           .
        
         
           The
           Principles
           of
           Natural
           Religion
           give
           those
           who
           are
           in
           Authority
           ,
           no
           Power
           at
           all
           ,
           but
           only
           secure
           them
           in
           the
           Possession
           of
           that
           which
           is
           theirs
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Country
           .
        
         
           That
           Cause
           is
           just
           which
           defends
           the
           Laws
           ,
           which
           protects
           the
           Common
           Good
           ,
           which
           shall
           preserve
           the
           Realm
           :
           And
           that
           Cause
           is
           unjust
           which
           violates
           the
           Laws
           ,
           defends
           the
           Breakers
           of
           the
           Laws
           ,
           protects
           the
           Subverters
           of
           the
           Country
           .
           That
           is
           just
           which
           will
           destroy
           Tyrannical
           Government
           ;
           that
           unj●st
           
           which
           would
           abolish
           just
           Government
           ;
           that
           lawful
           which
           tends
           to
           the
           Publick
           Good
           ,
           that
           unlawful
           which
           tends
           to
           the
           Private
           .
        
         
           But
           alas
           ,
           that
           Bug-bear
           Dagon
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           is
           a
           Notion
           crept
           into
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           most
           zealously
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           as
           ignorantly
           defended
           :
           Here
           all
           our
           Laws
           and
           Decrees
           ,
           by
           which
           we
           are
           governed
           ,
           are
           of
           the
           Peoples
           Choice
           ;
           first
           made
           by
           the
           Subject
           ,
           and
           then
           confirmed
           by
           the
           King.
           Here
           a
           King
           cannot
           take
           our
           Sons
           and
           Daughters
           ,
           our
           Fields
           and
           Vineyards
           away
           ,
           unless
           we
           please
           to
           give
           him
           them
           .
        
         
           
             Where
             was
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             Passive
             Obedience
             ,
          
           when
           Elisha
           prayed
           for
           Blindness
           to
           come
           upon
           those
           who
           were
           sent
           by
           the
           King
           of
           Syria
           to
           fetch
           him
           ?
           And
           when
           he
           commanded
           the
           Door
           to
           be
           shut
           ,
           and
           the
           Messenger
           to
           be
           held
           fast
           who
           was
           sent
           for
           his
           Head
           by
           the
           King
           of
           Israel
           ?
           And
           when
           Azariah
           ,
           with
           fourscore
           valiant
           Priests
           ,
           thrust
           out
           Uzziah
           ,
           their
           lawful
           King
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           Temple
           ?
           And
           when
           Elijah
           destroyed
           the
           two
           Captains
           with
           Fire
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           with
           the
           hundred
           Men
           under
           their
           Command
           ,
           who
           were
           sent
           at
           twice
           ,
           by
           King
           Ahaziah
           ,
           to
           fetch
           him
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           Children
           of
           Israel
           slew
           Amasiah
           ,
           their
           lawful
           King
           ,
           for
           his
           Idolatry
           ,
           without
           any
           appointment
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           or
           prophecy
           of
           his
           Downfal
           ?
           and
           yet
           that
           is
           no
           where
           called
           Rebellion
           ,
           neither
           were
           they
           punished
           by
           his
           Son
           ,
           whom
           they
           had
           made
           King
           in
           his
           Father's
           stead
           .
           And
           when
           Mattathias
           slew
           the
           King's
           Commissioner
           ,
           for
           compelling
           Men
           to
           Idolatry
           ?
           And
           when
           Mattathias
           and
           his
           Friends
           pulled
           down
           the
           Altars
           which
           were
           adapted
           to
           Idols
           ,
           1
           Macc.
           2.
           25
           ,
           45.
           
        
         
           
             Where
             was
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           when
           the
           Edomites
           revolted
           from
           Jehoram
           ,
           and
           made
           themselves
           a
           King
           ?
           And
           Libnah
           did
           also
           revolt
           ,
           because
           of
           his
           Evil
           Government
           ,
           2
           Chron.
           21.
           without
           any
           appointment
           ,
           or
           foretelling
           of
           their
           Revolt
           by
           God
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           or
           being
           call●d
           Rebels
           .
           And
           when
           
           Saul's
           Subjects
           swore
           that
           Saul
           should
           not
           kill
           Jonathan
           ;
           and
           they
           reseued
           him
           that
           he
           died
           not
           ?
           1
           Sam.
           14.
           45.
           
           And
           when
           David
           (
           though
           a
           private
           Man
           )
           armed
           himself
           with
           six
           hundred
           Men
           ,
           no
           doubt
           but
           he
           designed
           to
           have
           fought
           Saul
           and
           his
           Army
           ,
           if
           the
           Men
           of
           Keliah
           would
           have
           assisted
           him
           ,
           and
           have
           been
           true
           to
           him
           ;
           when
           he
           enquired
           of
           
           the
           Lord
           ,
           Whether
           the
           Men
           of
           Keliah
           would
           deliver
           him
           and
           his
           Men
           into
           the
           Hands
           of
           Saul
           ?
           upon
           the
           Lord
           's
           answering
           ,
           They
           would
           deliver
           them
           up
           ,
           he
           and
           his
           Men
           departed
           the
           City
           ,
           1
           Sam.
           23.
           
           Can
           any
           Man
           imagine
           their
           meaning
           was
           to
           run
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Country
           together
           ,
           and
           fly
           before
           Saul
           and
           his
           Army
           ,
           if
           they
           had
           been
           able
           to
           cope
           with
           any
           Number
           he
           could
           bring
           or
           send
           against
           them
           ?
           If
           Resistance
           was
           Unlawful
           ,
           and
           a
           Sin
           ,
           surely
           David
           ,
           a
           Man
           after
           God's
           own
           Heart
           ,
           would
           have
           known
           it
           ;
           and
           then
           he
           would
           not
           have
           involved
           the
           six
           hundred
           Men
           that
           came
           to
           his
           Assistance
           in
           the
           Sin
           of
           Rebellion
           ,
           but
           have
           told
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           Prince
           was
           not
           to
           be
           resisted
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           great
           a
           Tyrant
           .
        
         
           
             Where
             was
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             Passive
             Obedience
             ,
          
           when
           Constantine
           the
           Great
           aided
           the
           oppressed
           Christians
           and
           Romans
           ,
           against
           the
           Tyranny
           and
           Persecution
           of
           the
           Emperors
           ,
           Maxentius
           and
           Maximinius
           ,
           with
           Force
           of
           Arms
           ,
           with
           which
           he
           conquered
           those
           Persecutors
           in
           several
           Battels
           ,
           fought
           against
           them
           at
           the
           Christians
           earnest
           Importunity
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           resisted
           Lucinius
           their
           Emperor
           ,
           for
           persecuting
           them
           contrary
           to
           Law
           ;
           and
           Constantine
           the
           Great
           joined
           with
           them
           ,
           
             who
             held
             it
             his
             Duty
          
           ,
           saith
           
             Eusebius
             ,
             to
             deliver
             an
             infinite
             multitude
             of
             Men
             ,
             by
             cutting
             off
             a
             few
             wicked
             Ones
             ,
             as
             the
             Pests
             and
             Plagues
             of
             the
             Time.
          
           And
           when
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           of
           Constantinople
           opposed
           
           Asper's
           being
           made
           Emperor
           ;
           but
           Leo
           being
           named
           ,
           they
           consented
           thereto
           .
           And
           when
           the
           Christians
           ,
           under
           the
           King
           of
           Persia
           ,
           resisted
           him
           for
           persecuting
           them
           ,
           and
           was
           assisted
           by
           Theodosius
           the
           Roman
           Emperor
           ,
           who
           told
           the
           King
           of
           
             Persia
             ,
             He
             was
             ready
             to
             defend
             them
             ,
             and
             no
             ways
             to
             see
             them
             suffer
             for
             Religion
             ?
          
           And
           when
           the
           Christians
           of
           Armenia
           the
           Greater
           ,
           made
           a
           League
           with
           the
           Romans
           for
           the
           securing
           of
           their
           Persons
           and
           their
           Religion
           ,
           against
           the
           Persians
           under
           whom
           they
           lived
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           Novatians
           ,
           assisted
           by
           the
           Orthodox
           ,
           resisted
           and
           beat
           the
           Macedonians
           ,
           though
           they
           were
           assisted
           by
           Constantius
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           with
           four
           thousand
           Men
           to
           drive
           them
           from
           Paplelagonia
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           destroyed
           
           Julian's
           Idolatrous
           Temple
           in
           his
           Reign
           ?
        
         
           
             Where
             was
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             Passive
             Obedience
             ,
          
           when
           the
           Lutheran
           Churches
           defended
           themselves
           against
           the
           Emperor
           
           Charles
           the
           Fifth
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           Protestants
           of
           Austria
           took
           up
           Arms
           ,
           Anno
           1608
           ,
           against
           Matthias
           King
           of
           Hungaria
           ,
           for
           denying
           them
           the
           free
           Exercise
           of
           their
           Religion
           ?
           And
           when
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           assisted
           the
           Hollanders
           against
           their
           lawful
           Soveraign
           ?
           And
           when
           she
           assisted
           the
           Protestants
           of
           France
           ,
           against
           their
           lawful
           Soveraigns
           Charles
           the
           Ninth
           ,
           and
           Henry
           the
           Third
           ?
           And
           when
           King
           Charles
           the
           First
           ,
           and
           the
           Bishops
           and
           Clergy
           of
           England
           assisted
           the
           Protestants
           of
           France
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           Protestant
           Princes
           of
           Germany
           invited
           
             Gustavus
             Adolphus
          
           ,
           King
           of
           Sweeden
           ,
           to
           come
           into
           Germany
           to
           assist
           the
           Protestants
           against
           their
           lawful
           Prince
           for
           persecuting
           them
           ?
           And
           when
           the
           Protestants
           joined
           with
           him
           upon
           his
           Arrival
           ?
           And
           when
           King
           Charles
           the
           First
           assisted
           them
           with
           Men
           from
           England
           ?
           So
           that
           ,
           according
           to
           this
           Christian
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           Queen
           Elizabeth
           ,
           and
           King
           Charles
           the
           First
           ,
           with
           the
           Bishops
           and
           Clergy
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           several
           other
           Princes
           and
           States
           ,
           have
           been
           guilty
           of
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Damnation
           ;
           for
           they
           that
           are
           a
           ding
           and
           assisting
           to
           Rebels
           ,
           are
           as
           guilty
           as
           those
           that
           are
           actually
           in
           it
           .
        
         
           
             Lucifer
             Calaritanus
          
           ,
           a
           famous
           Christian
           ,
           wrote
           a
           Book
           against
           Constantius
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           which
           he
           sent
           him
           to
           read
           ;
           wherein
           he
           calls
           him
           ,
           and
           his
           Idolatrous
           Bishops
           ,
           Blasphemers
           ;
           and
           charges
           him
           with
           inviting
           the
           Christians
           to
           Idolatry
           ,
           and
           tells
           him
           ,
           
             he
             ought
             to
             be
             put
             to
             Death
             for
             so
             doing
             ,
             by
             the
             Command
             of
             God
             ,
             in
          
           Deut.
           13.
           where
           God
           says
           ,
           That
           
             he
             that
          
           (
           but
           )
           
             intices
             secretly
             to
             Idolatry
             ,
             shall
             be
             put
             to
             death
             .
          
           And
           this
           was
           approved
           on
           by
           the
           great
           Bishop
           Athanasius
           ,
           and
           those
           Christians
           that
           were
           with
           him
           ,
           who
           calls
           it
           ,
           
             The
             Light
             of
             Truth
             ,
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             the
             True
             Faith
             :
             How
             came
             you
          
           (
           says
           he
           to
           
             Calaritanus
             )
             to
             understand
             the
             Sense
             and
             Meaning
             of
             the
             Scripture
             so
             perfectly
             ,
             if
             the
             Holy
             Ghost
             had
             not
             assisted
             you
             in
             it
             ?
          
           Now
           I
           would
           sain
           know
           ,
           whether
           he
           that
           is
           aiding
           and
           assisting
           towards
           the
           bringing
           in
           of
           Idolatry
           ,
           (
           as
           the
           Popish
           Religion
           is
           )
           is
           not
           as
           worthy
           of
           Death
           ,
           as
           he
           that
           only
           inticeth
           to
           Idolatry
           ?
           And
           this
           is
           the
           Case
           of
           many
           who
           call
           themselves
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           who
           are
           for
           the
           Restoration
           of
           King
           James
           ,
           and
           by
           consequence
           of
           Idolatry
           .
        
         
           Surely
           if
           God
           had
           commanded
           the
           Yoke
           of
           Subjection
           to
           the
           Tyrannical
           Will
           of
           Princes
           ,
           't
           is
           strange
           that
           neither
           the
           
           Prophets
           ,
           Elisha
           and
           Elijah
           ,
           nor
           Azariah
           ,
           nor
           David
           with
           his
           Followers
           ,
           nor
           the
           Jews
           under
           their
           Kings
           ,
           nor
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           after
           their
           Religion
           was
           established
           by
           Laws
           ,
           nor
           any
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Churches
           ,
           should
           not
           have
           known
           this
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           Barons
           Wars
           ,
           under
           Simon
           of
           Monfort
           ,
           the
           King
           and
           his
           Sons
           were
           taken
           Prisoners
           ;
           but
           the
           Prince
           escaping
           ,
           fights
           Simon
           and
           kills
           him
           :
           The
           Historians
           of
           those
           Times
           calls
           him
           not
           a
           Rebel
           or
           a
           Traytor
           ,
           but
           a
           Martyr
           for
           the
           Liberties
           of
           Church
           and
           State.
           
        
         
           If
           Resistance
           be
           unlawful
           upon
           any
           Account
           whatsoever
           ,
           then
           were
           all
           those
           People
           guilty
           of
           Rebellion
           ,
           who
           in
           all
           Ages
           have
           resisted
           or
           turned
           out
           their
           Evil
           and
           Destructive
           Kings
           and
           Governours
           ;
           and
           then
           the
           Jews
           were
           guilty
           of
           this
           Sin
           ,
           for
           slaying
           and
           turning
           out
           several
           of
           their
           Kings
           ,
           without
           any
           appointment
           from
           God
           in
           Scripture
           .
           So
           likewise
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           did
           involve
           themselves
           under
           the
           Guilt
           of
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Damnation
           ,
           for
           resisting
           of
           their
           Kings
           and
           Emperors
           ;
           and
           likewise
           the
           Christians
           in
           all
           Ages
           since
           ,
           who
           have
           resisted
           their
           Princes
           by
           turning
           them
           out
           ,
           &c.
           
           And
           then
           Bishop
           Athanasius
           ,
           (
           Author
           of
           our
           Creed
           )
           and
           those
           Christians
           with
           him
           ,
           did
           also
           come
           under
           the
           Guilt
           of
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Damnation
           ,
           for
           approving
           of
           
           Calaritanus's
           Book
           ,
           which
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           was
           a
           Treasonable
           and
           Rebellious
           Book
           ;
           for
           the
           Incendiaries
           to
           Rebellion
           ,
           are
           as
           guilty
           as
           they
           that
           are
           actually
           in
           it
           .
           And
           then
           all
           those
           Princes
           that
           have
           been
           set
           up
           by
           the
           People
           ,
           in
           the
           room
           of
           those
           whom
           they
           have
           turned
           out
           ,
           (
           for
           their
           Evil
           Government
           )
           were
           Usurpers
           ;
           and
           consequently
           all
           those
           who
           have
           succeeded
           them
           ,
           where
           the
           Descent
           of
           the
           Blood
           is
           altered
           ,
           are
           intruders
           ,
           Usurpers
           ,
           and
           no
           lawful
           Kings
           .
        
         
           Were
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           without
           reserve
           ,
           a
           True
           Doctrine
           ,
           no
           doubt
           but
           we
           should
           have
           had
           a
           better
           Account
           thereof
           than
           from
           a
           few
           Court-Divines
           ,
           who
           have
           most
           learnedly
           interpreted
           the
           Will
           and
           Pleasure
           of
           the
           Prince
           against
           the
           Laws
           of
           Nature
           ,
           or
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           to
           be
           the
           Powers
           which
           St.
           Paul
           requires
           Obedience
           unto
           ,
           under
           the
           pain
           of
           Damnation
           .
           So
           by
           consequence
           the
           Law
           ceaseth
           to
           be
           the
           Powers
           ;
           then
           we
           are
           in
           a
           worse
           condition
           than
           in
           the
           State
           of
           Nature
           .
        
         
         
           With
           what
           Face
           can
           any
           Man
           assert
           that
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           ,
           without
           reserve
           ,
           is
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ?
           which
           is
           charging
           God
           with
           as
           palpable
           a
           Contradiction
           as
           any
           two
           things
           can
           be
           ,
           it
           being
           diametrically
           opposite
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           Self-preservation
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           the
           Decree
           of
           the
           Almighty
           ,
           which
           Law
           is
           Sacred
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           be
           infringed
           by
           any
           Man.
           
        
         
           God
           never
           commanded
           any
           thing
           contrary
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           unless
           it
           were
           in
           the
           Case
           of
           Abraham
           in
           commanding
           of
           him
           (
           as
           a
           tryal
           of
           his
           Faith
           )
           to
           offer
           up
           his
           Son
           Isaac
           .
        
         
           Protection
           is
           the
           only
           cause
           of
           Allegiance
           and
           Obedience
           ,
           is
           plain
           ,
           from
           the
           Example
           of
           David
           and
           his
           six
           hundred
           Men
           ,
           who
           were
           protected
           from
           Saul
           and
           his
           Army
           ,
           by
           Achish
           King
           of
           the
           Philistines
           ,
           who
           gave
           them
           Ziklag
           to
           live
           in
           ,
           and
           David
           and
           his
           Men
           fought
           for
           the
           Philistines
           against
           the
           
             Geshurites
             ,
             Gezrites
          
           and
           the
           Amalekites
           .
           and
           subdued
           them
           .
           David
           owed
           no
           Allegiance
           to
           Saul
           ,
           who
           sought
           his
           destruction
           ,
           is
           plain
           ;
           for
           when
           Achish
           told
           David
           that
           he
           and
           his
           Men
           should
           go
           with
           him
           to
           fight
           against
           the
           Children
           of
           
             Israel
             ;
             David
          
           offered
           his
           service
           ,
           and
           said
           to
           
             Achish
             ,
             Surely
             thou
             shalt
             know
             what
             thy
             Servant
             can
             do
             .
          
           Then
           Achish
           said
           unto
           
             David
             ,
             Therefore
             I
             will
             make
             thee
             keeper
             of
             my
             Head
             for
             ever
             .
          
           So
           David
           and
           his
           Men
           went
           in
           the
           rear
           of
           the
           Army
           ;
           and
           when
           the
           Lords
           of
           the
           Philistines
           would
           not
           let
           David
           and
           his
           Men
           fight
           for
           them
           ,
           lest
           they
           should
           betray
           them
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           Saul
           and
           his
           Army
           ,
           then
           David
           expostulated
           with
           Achish
           ,
           and
           said
           ,
           
             What
             have
             I
             done
             ?
             and
             what
             hast
             thou
             found
             in
             thy
             Servant
             ,
             so
             long
             as
             I
             have
             been
             with
             thee
             unto
             this
             day
             ,
             that
             I
             may
             not
             go
             fight
             against
             the
             Enemies
             of
             my
             Lord
             the
             King
             ?
          
           1
           Sam.
           Chap.
           27
           ,
           28
           ,
           29.
           
           This
           is
           a
           plain
           case
           ,
           that
           David
           intended
           to
           fight
           Saul
           and
           his
           Army
           .
           Now
           the
           Intention
           of
           the
           Mind
           is
           as
           bad
           as
           the
           Act
           ;
           and
           yet
           it
           is
           no
           ways
           said
           ,
           that
           David
           repented
           thereof
           ,
           or
           of
           his
           arming
           the
           six
           hundred
           Men
           (
           before
           mentioned
           )
           with
           design
           to
           sight
           his
           lawful
           Soveraign
           King
           Saul
           .
        
         
           The
           Primitive
           Christians
           took
           Protection
           to
           be
           the
           only
           cause
           of
           Allegiance
           :
           For
           when
           Julian
           the
           Apostate
           was
           chosen
           Emperor
           of
           the
           Romans
           ,
           (
           not
           by
           the
           free
           Consent
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           but
           )
           by
           the
           Souldiers
           ,
           during
           the
           Life
           of
           Constantius
           
           the
           lawful
           Possessor
           of
           the
           Throne
           .
           The
           Christians
           did
           not
           reckon
           themselves
           obliged
           to
           fight
           for
           Constantius
           against
           Julian
           ;
           for
           they
           troubled
           not
           their
           Heads
           with
           the
           Rights
           of
           Princes
           .
        
         
           Agustus
           ,
           tho
           he
           had
           violently
           usurped
           the
           Throne
           ,
           yet
           he
           was
           confirmed
           in
           it
           by
           the
           People
           and
           Senate
           of
           Rome
           ,
           who
           established
           it
           in
           his
           Family
           by
           a
           long
           Prescription
           ,
           when
           St.
           
           Paul's
           and
           St.
           
           Peter's
           Epistles
           were
           wrote
           ,
           of
           Obedience
           to
           the
           Laws
           to
           Kings
           and
           Magistrates
           :
           so
           that
           we
           see
           that
           Obedience
           was
           required
           to
           an
           Usurper
           under
           the
           pain
           of
           Damnation
           ,
           when
           the
           Government
           was
           confirmed
           to
           him
           by
           the
           People
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           by
           the
           Majority
           ,
           for
           it
           cannot
           be
           thought
           that
           every
           Body
           consented
           thereto
           .
        
         
           
             Apolonius
             Thyanaeus
          
           ,
           writing
           to
           the
           Emperor
           Domitian
           ,
           saith
           ,
           
             These
             things
             have
             I
             spoken
             concerning
             Laws
             ;
             which
             if
             thou
             shalt
             not
             think
             to
             reign
             over
             thee
             ,
             then
             thy self
             shalt
             not
             reign
             .
          
        
         
           In
           Matrimony
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           nearest
           and
           strictest
           Obligation
           of
           all
           others
           ,
           by
           which
           those
           who
           were
           two
           ,
           are
           made
           one
           Flesh
           ,
           if
           one
           Party
           forsakes
           the
           other
           ,
           the
           Apostle
           pronounceth
           the
           Party
           forsaked
           to
           be
           free
           from
           all
           Obligation
           ,
           because
           the
           Party
           deserting
           violates
           the
           chief
           Conditions
           of
           Marriage
           ,
           
             &c.
             
             1
             Cor.
          
           7.
           15.
           
           And
           shall
           not
           the
           People
           be
           much
           more
           absolved
           from
           their
           Allegiance
           to
           that
           King
           who
           has
           violated
           his
           Oath
           ,
           and
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           the
           very
           cause
           for
           which
           they
           swear
           Allegiance
           to
           him
           ?
        
         
           Absolute
           Monarchy
           is
           inconsistent
           with
           Civil
           Society
           ;
           and
           therefore
           can
           be
           no
           Form
           of
           Civil
           Government
           ,
           which
           is
           to
           remedy
           the
           Inconveniencies
           of
           the
           State
           of
           Nature
           .
        
         
           No
           Man
           ,
           or
           Society
           of
           Men
           ,
           have
           Power
           to
           deliver
           up
           their
           Preservation
           ,
           or
           the
           Means
           of
           it
           ,
           to
           the
           absolute
           Will
           of
           any
           Man
           ;
           and
           they
           will
           have
           always
           a
           right
           to
           preserve
           what
           they
           have
           not
           Power
           to
           part
           with
           .
        
         
           No
           Power
           can
           exempt
           Princes
           from
           the
           Obligation
           ,
           to
           the
           Eternal
           Laws
           of
           God
           and
           Nature
           .
        
         
           As
           no
           Body
           can
           transfer
           to
           another
           more
           Power
           than
           he
           has
           in
           himself
           ,
           and
           no
           Body
           has
           an
           Absolute
           Arbitrary
           Power
           over
           himself
           ,
           or
           over
           any
           other
           ,
           to
           destroy
           his
           own
           Life
           ,
           or
           take
           away
           the
           Life
           and
           Property
           of
           another
           ;
           therefore
           a
           Man
           cannot
           give
           such
           Authority
           to
           any
           ,
           or
           subject
           himself
           to
           the
           Arbitrary
           
           Power
           of
           another
           :
           for
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           is
           an
           Eternal
           Rule
           to
           all
           Men
           ,
           whose
           Actions
           must
           be
           conformable
           to
           that
           Law
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Will
           of
           God.
           For
           the
           Fundamental
           Law
           of
           Nature
           being
           the
           Preservation
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           no
           human
           Law
           can
           be
           good
           or
           valid
           against
           it
           ;
           and
           much
           less
           the
           Will
           and
           Pleasure
           of
           a
           Prince
           against
           the
           Law
           and
           Custom
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           which
           shall
           be
           prejudicial
           to
           the
           Subject
           .
        
         
           As
           the
           Happiness
           and
           Prosperity
           of
           Kingdoms
           depend
           upon
           the
           Conservation
           of
           their
           Laws
           ;
           if
           the
           Laws
           depend
           upon
           the
           Lust
           of
           one
           Man
           ,
           would
           not
           the
           Kingdom
           fall
           to
           ruin
           in
           a
           short
           space
           ?
           But
           the
           Laws
           are
           better
           and
           greater
           than
           Kings
           ,
           who
           are
           bound
           to
           obey
           them
           .
           Then
           is
           it
           not
           better
           to
           obey
           the
           Laws
           ,
           rather
           than
           the
           King
           ?
           Who
           can
           obey
           the
           King
           violating
           the
           Law
           ?
           Who
           will
           or
           can
           refuse
           to
           give
           Aid
           to
           the
           Law
           when
           infringed
           ?
        
         
           It
           is
           impossible
           any
           Body
           in
           a
           Society
           should
           have
           a
           right
           to
           do
           the
           Community
           harm
           .
        
         
           All
           Kings
           and
           Princes
           are
           ,
           and
           ought
           to
           be
           bound
           by
           the
           Laws
           ,
           and
           are
           not
           exempted
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           this
           Doctrine
           ought
           to
           be
           inculcated
           into
           the
           Minds
           of
           Princes
           from
           their
           Infancy
           .
        
         
           Let
           the
           Prince
           be
           either
           from
           God
           ,
           or
           from
           Men
           ,
           yet
           to
           think
           that
           the
           World
           was
           created
           by
           God
           ,
           and
           in
           it
           Men
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           serve
           only
           for
           the
           benefit
           and
           use
           of
           Princes
           ,
           is
           an
           Absurdity
           as
           gross
           as
           can
           be
           spoken
           ;
           since
           God
           hath
           made
           us
           free
           and
           equal
           :
           But
           Princes
           were
           ordained
           only
           for
           the
           Peoples
           benefit
           ,
           that
           so
           they
           might
           innocently
           preserve
           Human
           and
           Civil
           Society
           with
           greater
           Facility
           ,
           helping
           one
           the
           other
           with
           mutual
           Benefits
           .
        
         
           In
           all
           Disputes
           between
           Power
           and
           Liberty
           ,
           Power
           must
           always
           be
           proved
           ,
           but
           Liberty
           proves
           it self
           ;
           the
           one
           being
           founded
           upon
           positive
           Law
           ,
           the
           other
           upon
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           .
        
         
           With
           what
           Ignorance
           do
           some
           assert
           ,
           that
           Adam
           was
           an
           Absolute
           Monarch
           ,
           and
           that
           Paternal
           Authority
           is
           an
           Absolute
           Authority
           ?
           for
           that
           the
           Father
           of
           a
           Family
           governs
           by
           no
           other
           Law
           than
           by
           his
           own
           Will
           ,
           and
           the
           Father
           is
           not
           to
           be
           resisted
           by
           his
           Child
           ?
           and
           that
           Adam
           had
           a
           Monarchical
           ,
           Absolute
           ,
           Supream
           ,
           Patornal
           Power
           ?
           and
           that
           all
           Kingly
           
           Authority
           is
           a
           Fatherly
           Authority
           ,
           and
           therefore
           irresistable
           ?
           and
           that
           no
           Laws
           can
           bind
           the
           King
           ,
           or
           annul
           this
           Authority
           ?
        
         
           How
           could
           Adam
           be
           an
           Absolute
           Monarch
           ,
           when
           God
           gave
           him
           the
           Herbs
           but
           in
           common
           with
           the
           Beasts
           ?
           Gen.
           1.
           29
           ,
           30.
           
           Can
           it
           be
           thought
           that
           God
           gave
           him
           an
           Absolute
           Authority
           of
           Life
           and
           Death
           over
           Man
           ,
           who
           had
           not
           Authority
           to
           kill
           any
           Beast
           to
           satisfy
           his
           Hunger
           ?
           certainly
           he
           had
           no
           Absolute
           Dominion
           over
           even
           the
           Brutal
           part
           of
           the
           Creatures
           (
           much
           less
           over
           Man
           )
           who
           could
           not
           make
           that
           use
           of
           them
           as
           was
           permitted
           to
           Noah
           and
           his
           Sons
           ,
           Gen.
           9.
           3.
           where
           God
           says
           ,
           
             Every
             moving
             thing
             that
             liveth
             shall
             be
             meat
             for
             you
             ;
             even
             ,
             as
             the
             green
             Herbs
             ,
             have
             I
             given
             you
             all
             things
             .
          
           Is
           it
           not
           as
           reasonable
           to
           believe
           ,
           that
           God
           would
           have
           cursed
           Adam
           if
           he
           had
           killed
           his
           Son
           Abel
           ,
           as
           Cain
           for
           killing
           him
           ?
           Cain
           was
           very
           sensible
           every
           one
           had
           ,
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           ,
           a
           right
           to
           kill
           him
           for
           being
           guilty
           of
           Blood
           ,
           when
           he
           said
           ,
           
             every
             one
             that
             found
             him
             should
             slay
             him
             ,
          
           Gen.
           4.
           14.
           
           God
           made
           no
           exemption
           to
           the
           greatest
           Man
           living
           who
           should
           be
           guilty
           of
           innocent
           Blood
           ,
           when
           he
           said
           ,
           
             He
             that
             sheddeth
             Mans
             Blood
             ,
             by
             Man
             shall
             his
             Blood
             be
             shed
             ,
          
           Gen.
           9.
           6.
           neither
           Noah
           or
           his
           Sons
           were
           exempted
           from
           this
           great
           Law
           ;
           and
           therefore
           could
           have
           no
           absolute
           Authority
           :
           since
           God
           has
           no
           where
           given
           any
           Man
           such
           Authority
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           no
           such
           Authority
           ;
           for
           the
           Community
           cannot
           make
           themselves
           Slaves
           by
           investing
           such
           an
           Authority
           in
           any
           Man
           :
           should
           they
           do
           it
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           binding
           ,
           it
           being
           against
           the
           Law
           of
           Nature
           .
        
         
           If
           Noah
           was
           Heir
           to
           Adam
           (
           I
           ask
           )
           which
           of
           
           Noah's
           Sons
           was
           Heir
           to
           him
           ?
           for
           if
           by
           Right
           it
           descended
           to
           all
           his
           Sons
           ,
           then
           it
           must
           have
           descended
           to
           all
           their
           Sons
           ,
           and
           so
           on
           ;
           if
           so
           ,
           then
           are
           all
           Men
           become
           equal
           and
           independent
           ,
           as
           being
           the
           Off-spring
           of
           Adam
           and
           Noah
           :
           If
           it
           descended
           only
           to
           the
           eldest
           ,
           and
           so
           on
           ,
           then
           there
           can
           be
           but
           one
           lawful
           Monarch
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           who
           that
           is
           ,
           is
           impossible
           to
           be
           found
           out
           ;
           so
           that
           Paternal
           Monarchical
           Authority
           ,
           take
           it
           which
           way
           you
           will
           ,
           it
           comes
           to
           just
           nothing
           at
           all
           .
        
         
           Where
           human
           Institution
           gives
           it
           not
           ,
           the
           First-born
           has
           no
           right
           at
           all
           above
           his
           Brethren
           .
        
         
           No
           Man
           has
           an
           absolute
           Authority
           over
           the
           Creatures
           
           (
           much
           less
           over
           Mankind
           )
           because
           they
           were
           given
           (
           for
           the
           use
           of
           all
           Men
           )
           as
           occasion
           should
           serve
           :
           should
           any
           Man
           or
           Men
           destroy
           them
           for
           their
           Will
           and
           Pleasure
           ,
           beyond
           what
           is
           necessary
           for
           the
           use
           of
           Man
           ,
           or
           for
           his
           Preservation
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           a
           Sin
           ,
           and
           therefore
           could
           be
           no
           Authority
           ;
           for
           God
           authorizes
           no
           Man
           to
           commit
           a
           Sin
           ,
           tho
           he
           often
           permits
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           Law
           of
           God
           and
           Nature
           gives
           the
           Father
           no
           absolute
           Dominion
           over
           the
           Life
           ,
           Liberty
           or
           Estate
           of
           his
           Child
           ,
           and
           therefore
           he
           can
           have
           no
           absolute
           Authority
           ;
           and
           where
           there
           is
           no
           absolute
           Authority
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           no
           absolute
           Subjection
           due
           .
           There
           is
           an
           eternal
           Obligation
           on
           Parents
           to
           nourish
           ,
           preserve
           ,
           and
           bring
           up
           their
           Off-spring
           ,
           and
           under
           these
           Circumstances
           Obedience
           is
           due
           ,
           and
           not
           otherwise
           .
           What
           is
           a
           Father
           to
           a
           Child
           more
           than
           another
           Person
           ,
           when
           he
           endeavours
           to
           destroy
           him
           ?
           Nay
           ,
           is
           he
           not
           so
           much
           the
           more
           odious
           as
           the
           Act
           is
           more
           barbarous
           ,
           for
           a
           Father
           to
           endeavour
           to
           destroy
           his
           own
           Off-spring
           ,
           than
           for
           another
           Person
           endeavouring
           it
           ?
           certainly
           in
           such
           a
           case
           no
           Passive
           Obedience
           can
           be
           due
           ,
           it
           tending
           to
           his
           Destruction
           (
           not
           for
           his
           Good
           )
           which
           is
           no
           Fatherly
           Act
           ,
           and
           therefore
           not
           to
           be
           submitted
           to
           .
        
         
           He
           that
           lets
           any
           Person
           whatsoever
           destroy
           him
           ,
           when
           it
           is
           in
           his
           power
           to
           preserve
           his
           Life
           by
           defending
           himself
           ,
           does
           tacitly
           consent
           to
           his
           own
           Death
           ,
           and
           therefore
           is
           guilty
           of
           his
           own
           Blood
           as
           well
           as
           he
           that
           destroys
           him
           :
           Whereas
           by
           defending
           himself
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           but
           one
           guilty
           of
           Blood
           ,
           (
           which
           is
           the
           Invader
           )
           in
           which
           Defence
           ,
           if
           he
           kills
           the
           other
           ,
           his
           Blood
           lies
           at
           his
           own
           door
           :
           By
           which
           it
           follows
           ,
           that
           Passive
           Obedience
           to
           unjust
           Violence
           is
           a
           Sin
           ,
           but
           resisting
           such
           Violence
           is
           no
           Sin
           ,
           but
           the
           Duty
           of
           every
           Man.
           The
           first
           Duty
           that
           I
           owe
           is
           to
           God
           ,
           the
           second
           to
           my self
           in
           preserving
           my self
           ,
           &c.
           the
           third
           to
           my
           Parent
           and
           Soveraign
           ,
           in
           obeying
           them
           in
           all
           things
           reasonable
           and
           lawful
           .
        
         
           By
           all
           the
           Precepts
           in
           Scripture
           which
           require
           Obedience
           to
           Parents
           ,
           Homage
           and
           Obedience
           is
           as
           due
           to
           the
           one
           as
           to
           the
           other
           ;
           for
           't
           is
           nowhere
           said
           ,
           Children
           obey
           your
           Father
           ,
           and
           no
           more
           ;
           the
           Mother
           is
           mentioned
           before
           the
           Father
           in
           
             Lev.
             19.
             3.
             
             Ye
             shall
             fear
             every
             Man
             his
             Mother
             ,
             and
             his
             Father
             .
          
           Sure
           Solomon
           was
           not
           ignorant
           what
           belonged
           
           to
           him
           as
           a
           King
           ,
           or
           a
           Father
           ,
           when
           he
           said
           ,
           
             My
             Son
             ,
             hear
             the
             Instructions
             of
             thy
             Father
             ,
             and
             forsake
             not
             the
             Law
             of
             thy
             Mother
             :
          
           And
           our
           Saviour
           says
           ,
           
             Matth.
             15.
             4.
             
             Honour
             thy
             Father
             and
             Mother
             .
          
           And
           
             Ephes.
             6.
             1.
             
             Children
             ,
             obey
             your
             Parents
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           If
           Paternal
           Authority
           be
           an
           absolute
           Authority
           ,
           I
           ask
           ,
           Whether
           it
           be
           in
           the
           eldest
           of
           the
           Family
           ?
           if
           so
           ,
           Whether
           a
           Grandfather
           can
           dispense
           with
           his
           Grand-Child's
           paying
           the
           Honour
           due
           to
           his
           Parents
           by
           the
           fifth
           Commandment
           ?
           'T
           is
           evident
           in
           common
           Sense
           ,
           the
           Grandfather
           cannot
           discharge
           the
           Grand-Child
           from
           the
           Obedience
           due
           to
           his
           Parents
           ,
           neither
           can
           a
           Father
           dispense
           with
           his
           Child's
           Obedience
           due
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ;
           therefore
           the
           Obedience
           required
           to
           Parents
           in
           Scripture
           is
           not
           to
           an
           absolute
           Authority
           ,
           for
           there
           can
           be
           no
           absolute
           Authority
           where
           there
           is
           an
           Authority
           above
           it
           .
        
         
           With
           what
           Folly
           and
           Ignorance
           do
           some
           assert
           ,
           That
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           are
           Absolute
           ,
           as
           proceeding
           from
           William
           the
           Conqueror
           ?
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           a
           Conqueror
           has
           no
           right
           of
           Dominion
           (
           much
           less
           any
           Absolute
           Authority
           )
           over
           the
           Wife
           and
           Children
           of
           the
           Conquered
           ,
           or
           over
           those
           who
           assisted
           not
           against
           him
           .
        
         
           Conquest
           may
           claim
           such
           a
           Right
           as
           Thieves
           use
           over
           those
           whom
           they
           can
           master
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           Right
           of
           Tenure
           ,
           but
           no
           Tenure
           of
           Right
           .
        
         
           Conquest
           may
           restore
           a
           Right
           ,
           Forfeiture
           may
           lose
           a
           Right
           ,
           but
           't
           is
           Consent
           only
           that
           can
           transact
           or
           give
           a
           Right
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           no
           other
           Absolute
           Power
           ,
           than
           over
           Captives
           taken
           in
           a
           just
           War.
           
        
         
           If
           the
           Possession
           of
           the
           whole
           Earth
           was
           in
           one
           Person
           ,
           yet
           he
           would
           have
           no
           Power
           over
           the
           Life
           or
           Liberty
           of
           another
           ,
           or
           over
           that
           which
           another
           gets
           by
           his
           own
           Industry
           ,
           for
           Propriety
           in
           Land
           gives
           no
           Man
           Authority
           over
           another
           .
        
         
           William
           the
           Conqueror
           made
           a
           League
           or
           Compact
           with
           the
           Nobles
           and
           Lords
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           to
           the
           performance
           of
           which
           ,
           he
           takes
           an
           Oath
           to
           observe
           the
           ancient
           Laws
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           established
           by
           his
           Predecessors
           the
           Kings
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           especially
           of
           Edward
           the
           Confessor
           ;
           as
           likewise
           did
           Henry
           the
           First
           ,
           with
           the
           Emendations
           his
           Father
           had
           made
           to
           them
           .
           Stephen
           who
           succeeded
           Henry
           ,
           made
           a
           Compact
           ,
           and
           
           promiseth
           a
           Meloration
           of
           their
           Laws
           according
           to
           their
           Minds
           .
           
             William
             Rufus
             ,
             Henry
          
           the
           First
           ,
           and
           Stephen
           get
           the
           Consent
           of
           the
           People
           by
           promising
           to
           grant
           them
           their
           usual
           Laws
           ,
           and
           ancient
           Customs
           .
           Henry
           the
           First
           ,
           Richard
           the
           First
           ,
           King
           John
           ,
           and
           Richard
           the
           Second
           ,
           oblige
           themselves
           at
           their
           Coronations
           to
           grant
           them
           ,
           and
           then
           the
           People
           consented
           to
           own
           them
           as
           their
           King
           ;
           and
           Richard
           the
           First
           ,
           and
           King
           John
           were
           conjured
           by
           the
           Arch-bishops
           not
           to
           take
           upon
           them
           the
           Crown
           ,
           unless
           they
           intended
           to
           perform
           their
           Oaths
           .
           If
           any
           King
           refused
           so
           to
           do
           ,
           the
           Nobles
           thought
           it
           their
           Concern
           to
           hinder
           his
           Coronation
           ,
           till
           he
           had
           either
           made
           or
           promised
           this
           Engagement
           .
        
         
           What
           can
           be
           more
           absurd
           than
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           there
           is
           an
           absolute
           Subjection
           due
           to
           a
           Prince
           ,
           whom
           the
           Laws
           of
           God.
           Nature
           and
           the
           Country
           ,
           have
           not
           given
           such
           Authority
           ?
           as
           if
           Men
           were
           made
           as
           so
           many
           Herds
           of
           Cattel
           ,
           only
           for
           the
           Use
           ,
           Service
           and
           Pleasure
           of
           their
           Princes
           .
        
         
           But
           some
           do
           object
           ,
           That
           the
           anointing
           of
           Kings
           at
           their
           Coronations
           makes
           their
           Persons
           Sacred
           ,
           Unquestionable
           and
           Irresistable
           ,
           for
           any
           Tyrannical
           or
           Exorbitant
           Actions
           whatsoever
           .
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           every
           Christian's
           Baptism
           is
           a
           Sacrament
           of
           Christ's
           Institution
           ;
           a
           Spiritual
           Unction
           and
           Sanctification
           which
           makes
           a
           Person
           as
           sacred
           ,
           yea
           more
           holy
           than
           the
           Anointing
           of
           Kings
           can
           or
           doth
           of
           it self
           ,
           (
           that
           being
           no
           Sacrament
           )
           a
           Truth
           which
           no
           Christian
           can
           ,
           without
           Blasphemy
           ,
           deny
           :
           And
           yet
           no
           Christian
           is
           exempted
           from
           Resistance
           ,
           Censure
           ,
           or
           Punishments
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           his
           Crime
           ;
           and
           therefore
           the
           Anointing
           of
           Kings
           at
           their
           Coronations
           cannot
           do
           it
           ;
           it
           being
           a
           Ceremony
           of
           the
           Jews
           ,
           not
           instituted
           by
           Christ
           ,
           or
           any
           ways
           commanded
           to
           be
           continued
           by
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           or
           their
           Successors
           ;
           it
           signifying
           only
           the
           chusing
           or
           preserring
           one
           before
           another
           ,
           and
           so
           became
           the
           Ceremony
           of
           consecrating
           to
           any
           special
           Office
           ,
           and
           so
           was
           ordinarily
           used
           in
           the
           enstalling
           Men
           to
           Offices
           of
           any
           Eminency
           .
        
         
           The
           Reign
           of
           a
           good
           King
           resembles
           that
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           over
           which
           there
           is
           but
           one
           God
           ,
           for
           he
           is
           no
           less
           beloved
           of
           the
           Vertuous
           than
           feared
           of
           the
           Bad
           ;
           and
           if
           human
           Frailty
           could
           admit
           a
           Succession
           of
           good
           Kings
           ,
           there
           were
           no
           comparison
           ,
           Power
           being
           ever
           more
           glorious
           in
           one
           ,
           than
           when
           it
           is
           divided
           .
        
         
         
           'T
           is
           not
           the
           Title
           of
           a
           King
           ,
           but
           the
           Power
           (
           which
           is
           the
           Laws
           )
           which
           is
           invested
           in
           him
           ,
           which
           makes
           the
           difference
           betwixt
           him
           and
           other
           Men
           in
           the
           executing
           of
           this
           Power
           :
           his
           Person
           is
           sacred
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           be
           resisted
           ,
           he
           being
           above
           every
           Soul
           contained
           in
           the
           same
           Society
           ,
           and
           therefore
           cannot
           be
           resisted
           ,
           or
           deprived
           of
           his
           Office
           by
           any
           part
           ,
           or
           by
           the
           whole
           Community
           ,
           without
           the
           greatest
           Sin
           of
           Robbery
           and
           Injustice
           imaginable
           .
        
         
           If
           a
           Government
           (
           say
           some
           )
           may
           be
           disturbed
           for
           any
           unlawful
           Proceedings
           of
           the
           Governour
           ,
           or
           his
           Ministers
           ,
           how
           can
           any
           Government
           be
           safe
           ?
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           not
           lawful
           for
           every
           private
           Man
           to
           fly
           into
           the
           Bosom
           of
           his
           Prince
           ,
           for
           he
           is
           no
           competent
           Judg
           ,
           be
           he
           of
           never
           so
           great
           a
           Quality
           ;
           else
           a
           King
           was
           the
           most
           miserable
           Man
           living
           ,
           lying
           at
           the
           Mercy
           of
           every
           desperate
           Fellow's
           Censure
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           impossible
           for
           one
           ,
           or
           a
           few
           oppressed
           Men
           ,
           to
           disturb
           the
           Government
           ,
           where
           the
           Body
           of
           the
           People
           do
           not
           think
           themselves
           concerned
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Consequences
           seem
           not
           to
           threaten
           all
           ;
           yea
           when
           it
           does
           ,
           yet
           the
           People
           are
           not
           very
           forward
           to
           disturb
           the
           Government
           ;
           as
           in
           King
           Charles
           the
           Second's
           time
           ,
           when
           the
           Charters
           were
           condemned
           ,
           and
           seized
           upon
           in
           order
           to
           make
           us
           Slaves
           ,
           and
           the
           Laws
           perverted
           to
           the
           loss
           of
           many
           innocent
           Lives
           ,
           and
           many
           other
           Oppressions
           too
           many
           to
           insert
           ,
           and
           yet
           no
           body
           offered
           to
           disturb
           the
           Government
           ;
           I
           say
           ,
           till
           the
           Mischief
           be
           grown
           general
           ,
           and
           the
           Designs
           of
           the
           Rulers
           become
           notorious
           ,
           then
           ,
           and
           then
           only
           ,
           will
           the
           People
           be
           for
           righting
           themselves
           .
        
         
           Whosoever
           ,
           either
           Ruler
           or
           Subject
           ,
           by
           Force
           goes
           about
           to
           invade
           the
           Rights
           of
           either
           Prince
           or
           People
           ,
           and
           lays
           the
           Foundation
           for
           overturning
           the
           Constitution
           and
           Frame
           of
           any
           just
           Government
           ,
           he
           is
           guilty
           of
           the
           greatest
           Crime
           ,
           I
           think
           ,
           a
           Man
           is
           capable
           of
           ,
           being
           to
           answer
           for
           all
           those
           Mischiefs
           of
           Blood
           ,
           Rapine
           and
           Desolation
           ,
           which
           the
           breaking
           to
           pieces
           of
           Governments
           brings
           on
           a
           Country
           ;
           and
           he
           who
           does
           it
           ,
           is
           justly
           to
           be
           esteemed
           the
           Common
           Enemy
           and
           Pest
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           and
           is
           so
           to
           be
           treated
           accordingly
           ;
           and
           how
           far
           the
           late
           King
           James
           was
           guilty
           of
           this
           ,
           I
           leave
           the
           World
           to
           judg
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           The
           Author's
           Advertisement
           .
        
         
           JUST
           as
           I
           had
           finished
           this
           Book
           ,
           I
           received
           a
           Reply
           to
           my
           former
           Book
           ,
           which
           I
           thought
           to
           have
           Answered
           ;
           but
           finding
           the
           Arguments
           to
           be
           Frivolous
           and
           Weak
           ,
           and
           my
           necessary
           Avocations
           allowing
           me
           but
           little
           time
           ,
           therefore
           I
           forbore
           answering
           it
           .
        
      
       
         
           ADVERTISEMENTS
           .
        
         
           THe
           Doctrine
           of
           Passive
           Obedience
           ,
           and
           
             Jure
             Divino
          
           disproved
           .
           Price
           1
           d.
           
        
         
           The
           Letter
           which
           was
           sent
           to
           the
           Author
           of
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           and
           
             Jure
             Divino
          
           disproved
           ,
           &c.
           
           Answered
           and
           Refuted
           .
        
         
           Wherein
           is
           proved
           ,
        
         
           That
           Monarchy
           was
           not
           Originally
           from
           GOD.
           
        
         
           That
           Kings
           are
           not
           by
           Divine
           Appointment
           ,
           but
           that
           all
           Government
           proceeds
           from
           the
           People
           .
        
         
           That
           the
           Obedience
           required
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           is
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           and
           no
           otherwise
           .
        
         
           That
           Resisting
           of
           Arbitrary
           Power
           is
           Lawful
           .
        
         
           That
           the
           Oath
           of
           Allegiance
           to
           the
           late
           King
           James
           was
           dissolved
           before
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           (
           our
           present
           King
           )
           landed
           .
        
         
           That
           upon
           the
           non-performance
           of
           an
           Oath
           on
           one
           side
           ,
           the
           other
           becomes
           void
           ,
           is
           plainly
           prov'd
           from
           several
           Examples
           in
           Scripture
           .
        
         
           That
           Protection
           is
           the
           only
           Cause
           of
           Allegiance
           ;
           and
           that
           Obedience
           or
           Allegiance
           is
           due
           to
           the
           present
           Government
           ,
           is
           proved
           from
           Scripture
           ,
           Law
           and
           Reason
           :
           And
           those
           Texts
           of
           Scripture
           which
           relate
           to
           Government
           ,
           or
           Monarchy
           ,
           are
           Explained
           .
           Price
           stitch'd
           6
           d.
           
        
         
           Both
           written
           by
           the
           same
           Author
           ,
           and
           printed
           for
           
             Tho.
             Harrison
          
           .
        
         
      
    
  

