







 
   
     
       
         The doctrine of non-resistance or passive obedience, no way concerned in the controversies now depending between the Williamites and the Jacobites by a lay gentleman of the communion of the Church of England, by law establish'd.
         Bohun, Edmund, 1645-1699.
      
       
         
           1689
        
      
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             The doctrine of non-resistance or passive obedience, no way concerned in the controversies now depending between the Williamites and the Jacobites by a lay gentleman of the communion of the Church of England, by law establish'd.
             Bohun, Edmund, 1645-1699.
          
           [2], 38 p.
           
             Printed for Richard Chiswell ...,
             London :
             1689.
          
           
             Attributed to Edmund Bohun. Cf. BM.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Jacobites.
           Great Britain -- History -- Revolution of 1688.
           Great Britain -- Kings and rulers -- Succession.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           DOCTRINE
           OF
           Non-Resistance
           or
           Passive
           Obedience
           No
           way
           concerned
           in
           the
           CONTROVERSIES
           Now
           depending
           between
           the
           
             Williamites
          
           and
           the
           
             Iacobites
             .
          
        
         
           By
           a
           LAY
           GENTLEMAN
           ,
           of
           the
           Communion
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           by
           Law
           establish'd
           .
        
         
           Cruces
           nec
           colimus
           ,
           nec
           optamus
           .
        
         
           
             LONDON
             ,
          
           Printed
           for
           
             Richard
             Chiswell
             ,
          
           at
           the
           
             Rose
          
           and
           
             Crown
          
           in
           St.
           
             Paul's
             Church-Yard
             ,
          
           MDCLXXXIX
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           The
           Doctrine
           of
           NON-RESISTANCE
           ,
           or
           PASSIVE
           OBEDIENCE
           ,
           No
           way
           concern'd
           in
           the
           CONTROVERSIES
           now
           depending
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           I
           Have
           with
           some
           impatience
           and
           wonder
           beheld
           the
           bandying
           of
           the
           
             Non-resisting
             Doctrine
          
           to
           and
           fro
           in
           this
           disturbed
           Kingdom
           ,
           for
           so
           many
           Months
           ,
           and
           to
           so
           little
           purpose
           ;
           because
           I
           am
           not
           able
           to
           comprehend
           what
           any
           of
           the
           contending
           Parties
           would
           be
           at
           ,
           nor
           why
           that
           Doctrine
           ,
           rather
           than
           any
           other
           ,
           should
           be
           made
           now
           the
           Subject
           of
           our
           Disquisitions
           and
           Enquiries
           .
        
         
           For
           what
           if
           God
           has
           forbidden
           us
           upon
           pain
           of
           Damnation
           ,
           to
           resist
           our
           Lawful
           Princes
           when
           they
           do
           amiss
           ;
           and
           has
           reserved
           to
           himself
           the
           Censure
           and
           Punishment
           of
           his
           own
           Ministers
           ,
           as
           I'believe
           all
           Lawful
           Princes
           are
           such
           ;
           and
           that
           God
           has
           for
           great
           and
           wise
           Reasons
           tied
           up
           our
           hands
           ;
           Doth
           it
           therefore
           follow
           from
           hence
           ,
           that
           
             James
          
           is
           still
           the
           Lawful
           King
           of
           
             England
             ?
          
           Or
           that
           when
           he
           was
           so
           ,
           we
           that
           believe
           the
           Non-resisting
           Doctrine
           ,
           were
           bound
           to
           sight
           for
           him
           ,
           whatever
           he
           did
           ?
        
         
           And
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           what
           can
           the
           Friends
           of
           their
           present
           Majesties
           pretend
           to
           palliate
           their
           Contempt
           and
           Scorn
           of
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
             ?
          
           It
           was
           indeed
           dangerous
           to
           them
           when
           he
           first
           entered
           
             England
             ,
          
           because
           all
           that
           believed
           themselves
           bound
           by
           it
           ,
           were
           obliged
           not
           to
           take
           up
           Arms
           for
           him
           against
           King
           
             James
             ;
          
           and
           so
           consequently
           it
           deprived
           him
           of
           their
           Assistance
           :
           But
           when
           he
           had
           once
           subdued
           the
           Forces
           ,
           and
           obtained
           the
           Throne
           of
           that
           Infatuated
           Monarch
           ;
           of
           what
           use
           can
           it
           be
           to
           him
           to
           have
           his
           Subjects
           so
           frequently
           told
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           lawful
           for
           them
           to
           take
           Arms
           and
           Defend
           themselves
           ,
           their
           Rights
           and
           Religions
           against
           him
           ?
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           His
           Majesty
           intends
           to
           Govern
           us
           with
           the
           utmost
           Clemency
           and
           Mercy
           according
           to
           our
           Laws
           :
           But
           when
           neither
           
             Moses
          
           nor
           
           
             David
          
           could
           always
           please
           their
           Subjects
           ;
           It
           is
           to
           be
           feared
           the
           best
           of
           Princes
           may
           at
           one
           time
           or
           other
           need
           the
           Influence
           of
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Passive
           Obedience
           to
           restrain
           the
           
             madness
             of
             the
             People
             :
          
           and
           therefore
           they
           can
           be
           no
           Friends
           to
           Government
           in
           general
           ;
           nor
           to
           him
           ,
           or
           his
           ,
           in
           particular
           ,
           who
           are
           so
           zealous
           to
           have
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Non-resistance
           extirpated
           out
           of
           the
           World.
           The
           consequence
           of
           which
           ,
           is
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           Lawful
           
             for
             every
             Man
             to
             Rebel
             against
             his
             Lawful
             Prince
             ,
             whenever
             he
             think●
             it
             necessary
             .
          
        
         
           My
           design
           therefore
           in
           this
           Discourse
           being
           to
           put
           an
           end
           ,
           as
           far
           as
           I
           can
           ,
           to
           this
           unseasonable
           Dispute
           .
           I
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           prove
           these
           Particulars
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Friends
           of
           the
           late
           King.
           
        
         
           1.
           
           That
           th●se
           that
           believed
           it
           ,
           were
           not
           thereby
           bound
           to
           assert
           the
           Mis
           government
           of
           
             James
          
           the
           Second
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           seeing
           he
           has
           deserted
           his
           Throne
           ,
           and
           withdrawn
           his
           Person
           and
           Seals
           ,
           they
           are
           not
           thereby
           obliged
           to
           endeavour
           the
           restoring
           of
           him
           .
        
         
           The
           Doctrine
           of
           Passive
           Obedience
           doth
           not
           oblige
           a
           Subject
           to
           assert
           the
           Mis-government
           of
           his
           Prince
           :
           For
           it
           supposeth
           the
           Prince
           may
           command
           what
           he
           ought
           not
           ,
           and
           then
           it
           obligeth
           me
           to
           suffer
           rather
           than
           to
           resist
           my
           Prince
           ,
           or
           to
           break
           the
           Commandments
           of
           God
           ,
           or
           the
           Laws
           of
           my
           Country
           ,
           or
           do
           any
           other
           ill
           Action
           in
           Obedience
           to
           his
           Commands
           .
           Now
           what
           is
           this
           to
           the
           purpose
           ?
           King
           
             James
          
           had
           notoriously
           subverted
           all
           our
           Constitutions
           and
           Laws
           ,
           both
           in
           Church
           and
           State
           ,
           and
           would
           suffer
           no
           redress
           ;
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           on
           the
           other
           hand
           ,
           Petition'd
           him
           from
           time
           to
           time
           by
           her
           Bishops
           and
           Nobility
           ,
           to
           suffer
           a
           Parliament
           to
           meet
           and
           redress
           our
           Grievances
           ;
           but
           this
           he
           would
           not
           yield
           ,
           and
           what
           should
           they
           do
           in
           this
           case
           ?
        
         
           Why
           ,
           said
           the
           Jesuit
           ,
           in
           the
           Answer
           to
           the
           Petition
           of
           the
           17
           
             th
          
           of
           
             November
             ,
          
           1688.
           (
           when
           they
           had
           set
           forth
           ,
           That
           
             in
             their
             Opinion
             the
             
               Only
            
             visible
             way
             to
             preserve
             his
             Majesty
             and
             this
             his
             Kingdom
             ,
          
           
           
             would
             be
             the
             calling
             of
             a
             Parliament
             Regular
             and
             Free
             in
             all
             its
             circumstances
             .
          
           )
           
             I
             hope
             to
             make
             it
             out
             ,
             that
             the
             summoning
             a
             Parliament
             now
             ,
             is
             so
             far
             from
             being
             the
             
               Only
            
             way
             to
             effect
             these
             things
             ,
             that
             it
             will
             be
             
               one
            
             of
             the
             Principal
             Causes
             of
             much
             Misery
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             
               And
               ,
            
             I
             am
             sure
             ,
             
               both
               our
               Duty
               to
               God
               and
               our
               holy
               Religion
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               to
               His
               Majesty
               and
               our
               Country
               ,
            
             doth
             plainly
             enjoyn
             us
             to
             use
             
               one
            
             other
             effectual
             means
             ,
             
               &c.
            
             which
             is
             the
             keeping
             inviolably
             to
             our
             Allegiance
             to
             our
             Sovereign
             ;
             and
             effectually
             joyning
             with
             him
             to
             resist
             all
             his
             Enemies
             Whether
             Foreign
             Aggressors
             ,
             or
             Native
             Rebels
             .
          
           That
           is
           ,
           let
           the
           King
           do
           what
           he
           please
           
           to
           you
           ,
           you
           are
           bound
           to
           fight
           for
           him
           and
           expel
           the
           Prince
           of
           
             Orange
             ,
          
           and
           subdue
           all
           his
           Adherents
           .
        
         
           I
           can
           very
           well
           remember
           what
           small
           effect
           this
           Oratory
           had
           then
           upon
           the
           minds
           of
           all
           Men.
           There
           did
           not
           seem
           to
           be
           one
           Protestant
           in
           the
           Nation
           ,
           who
           could
           not
           distinguish
           between
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Non-resistance
           and
           that
           of
           actually
           aiding
           a
           Prince
           to
           destroy
           and
           enslave
           his
           People
           .
           His
           late
           Majesty
           however
           persisted
           in
           his
           Opinion
           ,
           that
           no
           Parliament
           could
           be
           holden
           till
           the
           Prince
           of
           
             Orange
          
           was
           driven
           out
           ;
           and
           the
           Clergy
           and
           Nobility
           in
           theirs
           ,
           that
           this
           was
           the
           
             Only
             visible
             way
          
           to
           preserve
           the
           late
           King
           and
           Kingdom
           :
           which
           imply'd
           ,
           that
           all
           fighting
           was
           dangerous
           to
           both
           ,
           till
           this
           was
           done
           .
           And
           accordingly
           ,
           as
           we
           had
           no
           disloyal
           Exhortations
           from
           Press
           or
           Pulpit
           to
           perswade
           Men
           to
           fight
           against
           their
           Prince
           ;
           so
           neither
           had
           we
           any
           to
           perswade
           us
           to
           fight
           for
           him
           :
           but
           the
           thing
           was
           committed
           to
           God
           to
           determine
           as
           he
           thought
           fit
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           our
           Bishops
           ,
           Clergy
           ,
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           ;
           and
           in
           general
           all
           the
           Children
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
          
           behaved
           themselves
           like
           good
           Christians
           and
           good
           Subjects
           too
           ;
           this
           difficult
           Case
           could
           then
           be
           no
           otherwise
           well
           and
           justifiably
           managed
           ;
           and
           if
           some
           few
           forgot
           their
           Duty
           ,
           and
           declared
           too
           soon
           for
           the
           Prince
           of
           
             Orange
             ,
          
           his
           now
           Majesty
           ;
           this
           they
           only
           are
           responsible
           for
           ;
           those
           that
           adhered
           to
           the
           late
           King
           till
           he
           actually
           left
           the
           Nation
           and
           the
           Government
           ,
           fell
           for
           want
           of
           the
           first
           Mover
           ,
           are
           not
           responsible
           for
           their
           Miscarriage
           if
           it
           was
           one
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           Primitive
           times
           ,
           when
           this
           Doctrine
           was
           best
           both
           understood
           and
           practised
           ,
           their
           Loyalty
           was
           one
           of
           their
           lesser
           Virtues
           ,
           upon
           which
           they
           never
           valued
           themselves
           .
           It
           would
           have
           been
           then
           a
           mean
           piece
           of
           Virtue
           for
           a
           Man
           to
           have
           alledged
           he
           had
           been
           ever
           Loyal
           to
           his
           Prince
           ,
           when
           a
           Rebel
           or
           a
           Traytor
           Christian
           was
           a
           thing
           they
           looked
           upon
           with
           horror
           and
           affrightment
           ;
           they
           expected
           Martyrdom
           every
           moment
           ,
           and
           were
           preparing
           for
           it
           at
           all
           times
           ;
           they
           were
           told
           then
           ,
           at
           their
           first
           admission
           into
           the
           Church
           ,
           that
           they
           must
           expect
           Persecution
           ,
           and
           every
           one
           who
           took
           up
           that
           Profession
           ,
           did
           it
           with
           that
           Expectation
           :
           And
           the
           Religion
           being
           contrary
           to
           the
           Established
           Laws
           ,
           whoever
           came
           in
           to
           it
           ,
           knew
           beforehand
           that
           at
           one
           time
           or
           other
           he
           might
           be
           called
           to
           lay
           down
           his
           Life
           for
           it
           ,
           and
           when
           it
           happened
           ,
           it
           was
           no
           new
           or
           unexpected
           accident
           ,
           but
           foreseen
           and
           provided
           for
           .
        
         
           But
           then
           they
           were
           not
           so
           silly
           as
           to
           be
           fond
           of
           their
           Persecutors
           ,
           or
           to
           wish
           or
           fight
           for
           it
           :
           
           
             We
             are
          
           (
           said
           
             Tertullian
             )
             defamed
             as
             Enemies
             to
             the
             Emperour's
             Majesty
             ;
          
           tamen
           nuaquam
           Alainiani
           ,
           
           nec
           Nigriani
           vel
           Cassiani
           inveniri
           potuerunt
           Christiani
           ;
           
             Yet
             never
             was
             any
             Christian
             found
             like
          
           Albinus
           ,
           
           Pescennius
           ,
           Niger
           
             or
          
           Avidius
           Cassius
           
             Vsurping
             the
             Throne
             ,
             and
             Invading
             the
             Government
             .
          
           They
           prayed
           for
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           and
           performed
           all
           the
           Duties
           of
           good
           Subjects
           till
           he
           persecuted
           them
           ,
           
           and
           endeavoured
           to
           destroy
           the
           Church
           of
           God
           ;
           
           but
           then
           they
           changed
           their
           Notes
           ,
           
             Quales
             erg●
             leges
             ist
             ,
          
           
           
             quas
             adversus
             nos
             soli
             exequuntur
             impii
             ,
             injusti
             ,
             turpes
             ,
             truces
             ,
             vani
             ,
          
           
           
             dementes
             ?
             What
             Laws
             are
             these
             which
             none
             ever
             put
             in
             Execution
             against
             us
             ,
          
           
           
             but
             impious
             ,
             unjust
             ,
             base
             ,
             barbarous
             ,
             vain
             and
             mad
             Princes
             ?
          
           
           Who
           ever
           pleaseth
           may
           see
           enough
           of
           this
           laid
           together
           in
           
             Jovian
             ,
          
           
           pag.
           161.
           and
           162.
           
           There
           is
           not
           one
           of
           those
           Princes
           who
           persecuted
           the
           Church
           ,
           but
           he
           is
           represented
           to
           the
           World
           by
           the
           Fathers
           and
           Church
           Historians
           in
           the
           blackest
           Characters
           .
           That
           little
           Book
           that
           was
           written
           by
           
             Lactantius
          
           to
           shew
           the
           dismal
           Ends
           ,
           and
           sad
           Catastrophies
           of
           the
           Persecuting
           Princes
           ,
           shews
           how
           far
           they
           were
           from
           being
           fond
           of
           Persecution
           or
           Persecutors
           ;
           and
           by
           what
           hand
           soever
           the
           enraged
           Fool
           fell
           ,
           the
           deliverance
           was
           ascribed
           to
           God
           ,
           who
           makes
           use
           of
           such
           instruments
           as
           he
           thinks
           fit
           to
           punish
           bloody
           and
           tyrannical
           Men.
           And
           let
           any
           Man
           shew
           me
           that
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           were
           discontented
           when
           they
           were
           delivered
           ,
           if
           he
           can
           .
        
         
           So
           far
           were
           some
           of
           the
           Ancient
           Fathers
           from
           fighting
           for
           the
           persecuting
           Princes
           ,
           when
           they
           hapned
           to
           be
           dethroned
           or
           invaded
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           not
           suffer
           a
           baptised
           Person
           to
           list
           himself
           in
           the
           service
           of
           a
           Pagan
           Prince
           ,
           
           
             Tertullian
             ,
             de
             corona
             ,
             cap.
          
           11.
           
           To
           which
           purpose
           he
           alledgeth
           that
           passage
           of
           our
           Saviour
           .
           
             He
             that
             takes
             the
             Sword
             ,
          
           
           
             shall
             perish
             by
             the
             Sword
             :
          
           But
           then
           ,
           saith
           he
           ,
           
             Plane
             si
             quos
             militia
             praeventos
             fides
             posterior
             invenit
             ,
             alia
             conditio
             est
             .
             Those
             who
             were
             admitted
             to
             Baptism
             after
             they
             were
             listed
             in
             the
             Service
             of
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             were
             not
             under
             the
             same
             obligation
             .
          
           And
           we
           have
           the
           Passion
           of
           one
           
             Maximilian
             ,
          
           an
           
             African
             ,
          
           who
           suffered
           Martyrdom
           for
           no
           other
           Cause
           ,
           but
           for
           that
           he
           would
           not
           serve
           the
           Emperor
           as
           a
           Soldier
           .
           And
           the
           Council
           of
           
             A●les
             ,
          
           which
           first
           admitted
           baptized
           Persons
           to
           take
           up
           Arms
           ,
           limited
           the
           Grant
           to
           times
           of
           
             Peace
             ;
          
           which
           was
           all
           one
           with
           the
           saying
           ,
           They
           would
           not
           allow
           it
           under
           Pagan
           Princes
           .
           From
           all
           which
           I
           may
           reasonably
           infer
           ,
           They
           did
           not
           think
           themselves
           bound
           to
           bestir
           themselves
           for
           Pagan
           or
           persecuting
           Princes
           ,
           as
           if
           the
           Church
           must
           have
           perished
           ,
           if
           they
           had
           not
           had
           the
           Honour
           to
           preserve
           every
           Prince
           God
           had
           set
           over
           them
           till
           he
           had
           ended
           his
           Reign
           and
           his
           Life
           together
           .
        
         
         
           Yet
           in
           all
           these
           times
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Passive
           Obedience
           was
           at
           the
           Highest
           never
           call'd
           in
           question
           ,
           never
           doubted
           of
           .
           It
           is
           as
           true
           also
           ,
           The
           Roman
           Emperors
           ,
           under
           whom
           they
           lived
           ,
           were
           absolute
           Independent
           Princes
           ,
           whose
           Will
           was
           the
           Law
           ;
           and
           the
           constitution
           of
           the
           Empire
           differed
           vastly
           from
           that
           of
           
             England
             .
          
           So
           that
           we
           are
           not
           under
           the
           same
           Obligations
           they
           were
           ,
           because
           our
           Princes
           have
           not
           the
           same
           Legal
           Powers
           the
           Roman
           Emperors
           had
           :
           but
           then
           ,
           I
           doubt
           not
           ,
           but
           we
           are
           as
           much
           bound
           to
           submit
           to
           the
           Legal
           Commands
           of
           a
           King
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           as
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           were
           to
           the
           Legal
           Commands
           of
           their
           Princes
           .
           But
           this
           was
           no
           part
           of
           the
           Controversie
           under
           the
           Reign
           of
           
             James
          
           II.
           who
           had
           as
           little
           Law
           as
           Reason
           for
           what
           he
           did
           .
        
         
           I
           could
           never
           meet
           with
           one
           single
           Protestant
           ,
           how
           discontented
           soever
           he
           was
           ,
           that
           
             James
          
           II.
           is
           not
           still
           King
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           who
           would
           pretend
           to
           justifie
           or
           excuse
           any
           of
           his
           Actions
           ;
           no
           ,
           they
           all
           grant
           his
           Design
           was
           certainly
           to
           extirpate
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           to
           enslave
           ,
           and
           consequently
           to
           extirpate
           the
           English
           Nation
           :
           but
           then
           say
           they
           ,
           What
           of
           all
           that
           ,
           
             no
             evil
             is
             to
             be
             done
             ;
          
           we
           ought
           not
           to
           rebel
           to
           save
           a
           Church
           or
           a
           Nation
           .
        
         
           Why
           ,
           what
           then
           ?
           supposing
           all
           this
           were
           true
           ,
           What
           is
           this
           to
           them
           ?
           Have
           any
           of
           them
           rebelled
           ?
           Yes
           ,
           say
           they
           ,
           all
           that
           have
           sworn
           Allegiance
           to
           their
           present
           Majesties
           ,
           have
           made
           defection
           from
           
             James
          
           II.
           who
           tho'
           he
           were
           never
           so
           bad
           a
           Man
           ,
           is
           still
           our
           lawful
           Prince
           ,
           and
           we
           are
           bound
           to
           swear
           Allegiance
           to
           no
           other
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           he
           is
           alive
           .
        
         
           To
           this
           I
           reply
           ,
           If
           the
           things
           laid
           to
           the
           Charge
           of
           
             James
          
           II.
           in
           the
           Prince
           of
           
           Orange's
           Declaration
           ,
           are
           true
           ,
           and
           I
           think
           no
           body
           questions
           that
           ,
           for
           all
           the
           same
           things
           ,
           in
           a
           manner
           ,
           are
           complained
           of
           in
           the
           Bishops
           Proposals
           ,
           but
           one
           or
           two
           ,
           which
           were
           too
           high
           for
           any
           Subject
           to
           take
           notice
           of
           ;
           why
           then
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           That
           Prince
           had
           a
           just
           Cause
           to
           make
           War
           upon
           
             James
          
           II.
           and
           if
           he
           was
           conquered
           by
           him
           ,
           he
           has
           as
           good
           Right
           to
           our
           Allegiance
           ,
           on
           that
           score
           ,
           as
           ever
           any
           conquering
           Prince
           had
           .
        
         
           But
           this
           is
           not
           all
           ,
           It
           is
           well
           known
           ,
           His
           now
           Majesty
           offered
           to
           submit
           all
           his
           Controversies
           to
           the
           Decision
           of
           an
           English
           Parliament
           ,
           which
           is
           more
           ,
           perhaps
           ,
           than
           was
           ever
           done
           by
           any
           invading
           Prince
           before
           ;
           but
           
             James
          
           II.
           was
           resolved
           ,
           That
           neither
           he
           nor
           we
           should
           have
           any
           Right
           or
           Redress
           ;
           but
           rather
           than
           submit
           to
           that
           ,
           he
           would
           go
           make
           a
           Voyage
           to
           his
           most
           Christian
           Majesty
           for
           his
           Assistance
           to
           make
           a
           second
           Conquest
           of
           us
           .
        
         
         
           There
           has
           been
           much
           bandying
           ,
           Whether
           
             James
          
           II.
           went
           voluntarily
           away
           ,
           or
           were
           forced
           ;
           and
           this
           is
           a
           Question
           not
           worth
           one
           Farthing
           ,
           at
           the
           bottom
           .
           For
           if
           he
           went
           voluntarily
           ,
           he
           was
           forced
           ;
           and
           if
           he
           was
           forced
           ,
           he
           went
           voluntarily
           .
        
         
           I
           suppose
           no
           Man
           ever
           said
           or
           thought
           he
           freely
           resigned
           the
           Crown
           ,
           but
           that
           his
           Mis-government
           had
           raised
           such
           Jealousies
           and
           Discontents
           in
           the
           Minds
           of
           his
           Subject
           ,
           that
           they
           neither
           could
           nor
           would
           fight
           for
           him
           till
           he
           had
           in
           Parliament
           done
           Right
           ,
           first
           to
           his
           People
           ,
           and
           then
           to
           the
           Prince
           .
           This
           he
           was
           resolved
           not
           to
           grant
           ,
           be
           the
           Event
           what
           it
           would
           ;
           and
           when
           he
           saw
           himself
           deserted
           by
           all
           the
           World
           ,
           still
           he
           persisted
           in
           his
           Resolution
           ;
           and
           after
           he
           had
           promised
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           broke
           his
           Word
           with
           the
           Prince
           and
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           withdrew
           his
           Person
           and
           Seals
           ,
           and
           left
           us
           in
           Anarchy
           and
           Confusion
           .
           Now
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           he
           was
           not
           forced
           to
           do
           this
           :
           he
           might
           ,
           and
           as
           the
           case
           stood
           ,
           he
           was
           bound
           to
           have
           granted
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           then
           he
           might
           have
           staid
           with
           good
           safety
           to
           his
           Person
           and
           Sovereignty
           .
        
         
           Now
           ,
           if
           there
           be
           nothing
           asked
           of
           a
           Prince
           by
           his
           Neighbour-Prince
           upon
           an
           Invasion
           ,
           but
           what
           he
           ought
           to
           grant
           and
           may
           grant
           ;
           he
           is
           forced
           by
           no
           body
           but
           himself
           ,
           if
           he
           will
           run
           away
           from
           his
           People
           ,
           rather
           than
           do
           them
           and
           his
           Neighbour
           Right
           .
        
         
           But
           then
           ,
           when
           we
           say
           ,
           His
           retreat
           was
           voluntary
           ,
           we
           do
           not
           pretend
           there
           was
           no
           force
           made
           use
           of
           ,
           but
           that
           it
           was
           not
           made
           use
           of
           to
           that
           end
           .
           All
           that
           was
           asked
           by
           the
           Prince
           or
           his
           own
           Subjects
           ,
           was
           a
           free
           and
           legal
           Parliament
           ;
           and
           all
           the
           force
           that
           was
           used
           was
           to
           that
           End
           :
           And
           this
           he
           might
           and
           ought
           to
           have
           granted
           ;
           but
           if
           he
           would
           not
           ,
           the
           Prince
           is
           not
           to
           be
           supposed
           to
           have
           brought
           14000
           Men
           ,
           only
           to
           make
           a
           vain
           Shew
           with
           all
           ,
           but
           either
           to
           force
           him
           to
           do
           him
           Right
           ,
           or
           force
           him
           out
           of
           his
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           This
           Prince
           was
           no
           Subject
           to
           King
           
             James
             ,
          
           nor
           to
           any
           other
           Prince
           ,
           and
           consequently
           was
           no
           Rebel
           :
           He
           had
           as
           well
           good
           Right
           as
           a
           good
           Cause
           to
           invade
           this
           injurious
           Prince
           who
           had
           injured
           both
           him
           and
           his
           good
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           without
           a
           War
           would
           do
           no
           right
           either
           to
           the
           Prince
           or
           us
           .
           For
           the
           Prince
           had
           tried
           all
           fair
           waies
           before
           he
           tried
           Force
           ,
           as
           is
           notoriously
           known
           to
           all
           the
           World.
           
        
         
           But
           our
           
             Jacobites
          
           prate
           of
           the
           Force
           that
           was
           used
           against
           him
           by
           another
           Sovereign
           Prince
           ,
           as
           injurious
           ,
           only
           because
           it
           was
           Force
           .
           Why
           ,
           the
           Prince
           was
           no
           Subject
           ,
           and
           if
           
             James
          
           II.
           would
           do
           him
           no
           right
           without
           Force
           (
           tho'
           we
           that
           were
           then
           his
           Subjects
           had
           no
           Right
           to
           compel
           him
           )
           HE
           might
           lawfully
           compel
           him
           by
           Force
           to
           do
           what
           he
           ought
           to
           have
           done
           without
           it
           ,
           but
           would
           not
           .
        
         
         
           What
           Stupidity
           is
           it
           to
           deny
           a
           Sovereign
           Prince
           may
           make
           use
           of
           Force
           against
           a
           neighbouring
           Prince
           that
           has
           done
           him
           Wrong
           ?
        
         
           Well
           ,
           but
           say
           they
           ,
           His
           Subjects
           ought
           to
           have
           fought
           for
           King
           
             James
             :
          
           To
           which
           I
           say
           ,
           Why
           did
           they
           not
           ,
           who
           hindred
           them
           from
           fighting
           ?
           No
           ,
           they
           would
           not
           fight
           ,
           or
           ,
           which
           is
           all
           one
           ,
           they
           durst
           not
           ;
           and
           now
           he
           is
           gone
           ,
           they
           think
           to
           make
           him
           amends
           ,
           by
           a
           fullen
           disclaiming
           of
           the
           present
           King's
           Sovereignty
           .
        
         
           But
           tho'
           they
           will
           not
           swear
           ,
           they
           will
           promise
           to
           live
           peaceably
           under
           this
           King
           :
           That
           is
           ,
           they
           will
           not
           own
           him
           for
           the
           lawful
           King
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           but
           they
           will
           submit
           to
           him
           as
           they
           did
           to
           
             Oliver
             Cromwel
             ,
          
           till
           they
           have
           an
           Opportunity
           to
           dethrone
           him
           ,
           and
           deliver
           him
           into
           the
           Hand
           of
           King
           
             James
             ;
          
           and
           for
           this
           they
           would
           be
           allowed
           the
           same
           Condition
           with
           those
           Subjects
           that
           have
           sworn
           Allegiance
           to
           him
           .
           Is
           this
           reasonable
           ?
           will
           they
           admit
           a
           Servant
           or
           a
           Rival
           on
           the
           same
           Terms
           into
           their
           own
           Families
           ?
        
         
           Well
           but
           some
           of
           his
           Subjects
           forsook
           ,
           and
           others
           of
           them
           fought
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           almost
           all
           the
           rest
           stood
           still
           ,
           and
           would
           not
           fight
           for
           him
           .
           1.
           
           What
           is
           this
           to
           them
           ,
           if
           they
           have
           done
           as
           much
           for
           him
           as
           they
           could
           or
           ought
           ,
           they
           shall
           answer
           for
           no
           body
           but
           themselves
           .
           2.
           
           What
           was
           the
           Reason
           ,
           and
           who
           gave
           the
           Cause
           of
           this
           general
           Desertion
           ?
           3.
           
           It
           is
           denied
           that
           King
           
             James
          
           his
           Subjects
           were
           bound
           to
           stand
           by
           him
           and
           fight
           for
           him
           .
           He
           had
           notoriously
           invaded
           and
           destroyed
           all
           our
           Civil
           and
           Religious
           Rights
           and
           Liberties
           ,
           and
           designed
           the
           Ruine
           and
           Destruction
           both
           of
           them
           and
           us
           ,
           and
           would
           give
           us
           no
           Assurance
           ,
           we
           could
           rely
           on
           ,
           to
           do
           otherwise
           for
           the
           future
           ;
           and
           therefore
           if
           it
           were
           unlawful
           to
           resist
           him
           ,
           it
           was
           also
           as
           unlawful
           to
           assist
           and
           enable
           him
           to
           destroy
           the
           true
           Religion
           ,
           the
           English
           Liberties
           and
           Immunities
           ;
           nay
           the
           very
           Nation
           .
        
         
           Now
           
             Jovian
          
           tells
           us
           ,
           pag.
           272.
           
           
             Whosoever
             acts
             contrary
             to
             Law
             ,
             in
             this
             Realm
             ,
             to
             the
             Prejudice
             of
             any
             other
             Person
             ,
             must
             be
             subject
             to
             make
             Reparation
             by
             Law
             ;
             
               against
               which
               the
               King
               himself
               can
               protect
               no
               Man
               ,
               as
               long
               as
               the
               Courts
               of
               Law
               are
               kept
               open
               ;
            
          
           (
           this
           has
           been
           sufficiently
           confuted
           )
           
             so
             that
             there
             can
             be
             no
             Tyranny
             ,
             nor
             any
             Persecution
             ,
             but
             a
             most
             exorbitant
             and
             illegal
             Persecution
             ,
             which
             must
             presuppose
             ,
             That
             Justice
             is
             obstructed
             ,
             the
             Laws
             and
             Lawyers
             silenced
             ,
             the
             Courts
             of
             Judicature
             that
             up
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             King
             governs
             altogether
             by
             Arbitrary
             Power
             and
             the
             Sword.
             
          
           (
           The
           Courts
           were
           indeed
           open
           ,
           but
           we
           know
           for
           all
           that
           ,
           no
           Man
           could
           have
           any
           redress
           ;
           but
           the
           Consequences
           were
           the
           same
           as
           if
           they
           had
           been
           shut
           up
           .
           )
           
             But
             to
             suppose
             this
          
           (
           saith
           
           the
           Doctor
           )
           
             is
             plainly
             to
             suppose
             the
             utmost
             possibility
             ,
             which
             is
             next
             to
             an
             impossibility
             ,
             a
             possibility
             indeed
             in
             Theory
             ,
             but
             scarce
             to
             the
             reduced
             into
             Practice
             ,
             
               For
               in
               such
               a
               violent
               Vndertaking
               all
               good
               Men
               would
               withdraw
               from
               the
               Service
               and
               Assistance
               of
               the
               King
               ;
            
          
           (
           mark
           that
           )
           
             
               and
               the
               Bad
               durst
               not
               serve
               him
               ,
               because
               if
               he
               died
               ,
               or
               repented
               of
               his
               Vndertaking
               ,
               they
               must
               be
               answerable
               for
               all
               the
               Wrongs
               and
               Illegalities
               they
               were
               guilty
               of
               in
               his
               Service
               .
            
          
           And
           a
           little
           lower
           he
           tells
           us
           ,
           
             To
             shut
             up
             the
             Laws
             or
             obstruct
             and
             pervert
             Justice
             ,
             would
             prove
             an
             exceeding
             difficult
             and
             almost
             impracticable
             Undertaking
             ,
             
               because
            
             all
             his
             good
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             bad
             too
             ,
             that
             tendered
             their
             own
             Safety
             ,
             would
             desert
             him
             ;
             nay
             Foreigners
             ,
             upon
             this
             account
             ,
             would
             make
             a
             Difficulty
             to
             serve
             him
             ,
             because
             he
             could
             not
             protect
             them
             against
             his
             own
             Laws
             .
          
        
         
           Now
           all
           this
           was
           done
           and
           averred
           in
           the
           Face
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           this
           Possibility
           was
           brought
           into
           act
           ,
           and
           things
           driven
           on
           to
           the
           utmost
           Extremity
           ;
           and
           the
           only
           Question
           then
           was
           ,
           Whether
           we
           should
           intail
           this
           arbitrary
           tyrannical
           exorbitant
           Persecution
           on
           our
           Posterity
           ,
           without
           any
           Hopes
           or
           Possibility
           of
           Redress
           ,
           or
           whether
           we
           should
           withdraw
           from
           his
           Service
           ,
           and
           secure
           our
           Rights
           and
           Religion
           by
           it
           ?
           And
           this
           was
           done
           by
           all
           but
           the
           Irish
           and
           Papists
           ,
           both
           Good
           and
           Bad
           ,
           in
           a
           manner
           ,
           as
           the
           Doctor
           foretold
           it
           would
           ;
           and
           to
           me
           it
           seems
           altogether
           justifiable
           .
           I
           know
           the
           Doctor
           means
           only
           a
           Civil
           Recess
           ;
           but
           if
           it
           was
           highly
           punishable
           and
           Infamous
           to
           have
           persisted
           in
           a
           co-operation
           and
           Assistance
           of
           these
           things
           ,
           it
           was
           worse
           and
           more
           punishable
           to
           have
           fought
           for
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           from
           hence
           I
           conclude
           ,
           All
           that
           did
           withdraw
           from
           the
           Service
           of
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           when
           they
           saw
           he
           was
           resolved
           on
           these
           illegal
           exorbitant
           Courses
           ,
           are
           not
           to
           be
           blamed
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           best
           of
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           would
           have
           done
           the
           same
           thing
           ,
           if
           it
           had
           been
           their
           lot
           to
           have
           fallen
           under
           such
           a
           Prince
           .
        
         
           
             Tertullian
             ,
             de
             corona
             ,
             c.
          
           12.
           expounds
           that
           Place
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           
             Give
             unto
             Caesar
             the
             things
             that
             are
             Caesar's
             ,
             and
             unto
             God
             the
             things
             that
             are
             God's
             .
             Give
             the
             Man
             to
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             Penny
             to
             Caesar
             .
          
           The
           Man
           bore
           God's
           Image
           ,
           as
           the
           Penny
           did
           
           Caesar's
           ;
           and
           when
           God
           and
           
             Caesar
          
           were
           in
           opposition
           ,
           the
           whole
           Man
           was
           God's
           Right
           .
           So
           far
           were
           they
           from
           thinking
           ,
           their
           Loyalty
           to
           their
           Prince
           obliged
           them
           to
           be
           disloyal
           to
           their
           Religion
           ,
           even
           then
           when
           they
           never
           thought
           of
           Resisting
           ,
           their
           hands
           were
           tyed
           up
           neither
           to
           assist
           nor
           resist
           a
           against
           persecuting
           Prince
           ,
           they
           would
           do
           neither
           of
           these
           tho'
           they
           (
           perished
           .
           And
           are
           not
           we
           still
           under
           the
           same
           Obligations
           as
           to
           
           the
           latter
           as
           well
           as
           to
           the
           former
           ?
           For
           Shame
           ,
           let
           no
           Man
           boast
           of
           that
           Loyalty
           to
           his
           Prince
           ,
           which
           makes
           him
           Disloyal
           to
           God
           and
           his
           Church
           ,
           to
           whom
           his
           Duty
           is
           first
           owing
           ;
           for
           in
           this
           Case
           it
           is
           our
           undoubted
           Duty
           ,
           
             to
             obey
             God
             rather
             than
             Man.
             Art
             thou
             then
          
           (
           saith
           
             Tertullian
             )
             a
             Servant
             and
             Soldier
             to
             two
             ,
             to
             God
             and
             Caesar
             too
             ;
             certainly
             thou
             wilt
             not
             be
             for
             Caesar
             when
             thou
             owest
             thy
             Service
             to
             God
             :
             even
             in
             common
             things
             ,
             I
             yield
             to
             the
             better
             :
             or
             I
             believe
             thou
             wilt
             be
             for
             the
             better
             .
          
           So
           far
           were
           they
           then
           from
           valuing
           themselves
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           their
           Loyalty
           to
           their
           Prince
           .
        
         
           The
           Disloyalty
           of
           two
           other
           Parties
           have
           made
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
          
           take
           into
           the
           contrary
           Extreme
           ;
           and
           as
           a
           Jesuit
           
             wished
             it
             might
             do
             her
             much
             good
             ,
          
           in
           Scorn
           :
           So
           she
           had
           like
           to
           have
           paid
           too
           dear
           for
           the
           Pretence
           ;
           and
           they
           that
           would
           now
           again
           sacrifice
           her
           to
           their
           Interest
           and
           Reputation
           ,
           are
           ,
           to
           speak
           softly
           ,
           none
           of
           her
           best
           Friends
           .
        
         
           They
           pretend
           we
           have
           not
           suffered
           enough
           for
           our
           Religion
           ,
           to
           justifie
           our
           Resistance
           ?
           Why
           ,
           according
           to
           their
           Principles
           we
           are
           never
           to
           resist
           ,
           whatever
           we
           suffer
           ,
           but
           to
           suffer
           on
           till
           there
           is
           not
           one
           Man
           left
           to
           resist
           .
           Now
           did
           ever
           any
           Man
           ,
           before
           they
           ,
           complain
           ,
           That
           
             for
             the
             Elect's
             sake
             God
             had
             shortned
             those
             .
             Daies
             ▪
          
           If
           they
           think
           we
           have
           not
           suffered
           enough
           for
           our
           Religion
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           pleased
           to
           go
           for
           
             France
          
           or
           
             Ireland
          
           and
           there
           make
           up
           what
           is
           wanting
           :
           But
           if
           they
           love
           Company
           ,
           and
           would
           needs
           have
           us
           suffer
           with
           them
           too
           ,
           I
           do
           not
           understand
           the
           Favour
           .
           If
           they
           are
           Prodigal
           of
           their
           own
           Lives
           and
           Fortunes
           in
           this
           World
           ,
           they
           ought
           to
           be
           tender
           of
           other
           Men's
           ;
           
             Cruces
             nec
             colimus
             ,
             nec
             optamus
             ;
             We
             neither
             worship
             nor
             wish
             for
             Crosses
             ,
          
           said
           
             Octavius
             ,
          
           a
           Primitive
           Christian
           :
           And
           it
           is
           madness
           to
           desire
           to
           be
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           others
           into
           affliction
           and
           Trouble
           ,
           when
           God
           doth
           not
           willingly
           afflict
           or
           grieve
           the
           Children
           of
           Men
           ,
           and
           hath
           sent
           us
           a
           Deliverance
           ,
           before
           we
           expected
           it
           ,
           and
           sooner
           than
           some
           Men
           are
           well-pleased
           .
        
         
           They
           have
           another
           Objection
           ,
           which
           is
           full
           as
           extravagant
           as
           this
           ;
           If
           ,
           say
           they
           ,
           King
           
             William
          
           has
           conquered
           King
           
             James
             ,
          
           why
           doth
           he
           not
           claim
           the
           Crown
           by
           Conquest
           ?
           Why
           ,
           he
           that
           has
           several
           Rights
           to
           the
           same
           thing
           ,
           may
           use
           his
           best
           ,
           and
           wave
           the
           rest
           .
           
             Nemo
             juro
             suo
             quod
             cum
             damni
             periculo
             conjunctum
             est
             ,
          
           
           
             uti
             cogitur
             ;
          
           No
           Man
           is
           bound
           to
           produce
           an
           invidious
           Title
           :
           Should
           King
           
             William
          
           have
           treated
           us
           as
           a
           conquered
           People
           ,
           they
           would
           have
           been
           the
           first
           that
           would
           have
           complaimed
           ;
           who
           now
           complain
           ,
           only
           ,
           because
           they
           have
           not
           that
           Case
           .
           The
           truth
           is
           ,
           they
           would
           have
           
           him
           claim
           as
           a
           Conqueror
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           thence
           take
           occasion
           to
           ruine
           him
           ;
           but
           he
           has
           the
           Right
           of
           a
           Conqueror
           ,
           and
           the
           Right
           of
           a
           Lawful
           Successor
           too
           ;
           and
           tho'
           his
           own
           personal
           Right
           of
           Succession
           is
           more
           remote
           ,
           that
           of
           his
           Lady
           is
           immediate
           ;
           and
           by
           it
           be
           claims
           ,
           to
           our
           great
           Good
           ,
           and
           his
           immortal
           Honour
           :
           And
           they
           ,
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           might
           ,
           if
           they
           pleased
           ,
           be
           as
           satisfied
           in
           the
           Right
           he
           has
           by
           conquest
           ,
           as
           the
           
             Saxons
          
           were
           ,
           when
           King
           
             William
          
           I.
           won
           the
           Crown
           in
           a
           Battle
           ,
           and
           wore
           it
           ,
           under
           the
           Pretence
           of
           an
           Election
           ,
           because
           he
           could
           lay
           no
           Claim
           to
           it
           by
           Succession
           :
           And
           
             Henry
             .
          
           VII
           .
           twisted
           his
           Right
           by
           Conquest
           with
           his
           Descent
           from
           
             Lancaster
             ,
          
           and
           his
           Right
           by
           Marriage
           .
           But
           these
           Men
           seem
           not
           to
           care
           which
           way
           our
           Ruine
           come
           ,
           if
           we
           may
           but
           be
           miserable
           ;
           we
           have
           not
           suffered
           enough
           under
           King
           
             James
             ,
          
           but
           he
           ,
           too
           ,
           would
           fain
           come
           in
           by
           Conquest
           ;
           and
           if
           ever
           he
           get
           the
           Crown
           again
           that
           way
           ,
           these
           Gentlemen
           will
           have
           no
           reason
           to
           complain
           of
           the
           Want
           of
           Sufferings
           .
        
         
           Tertullian
           ,
           
             who
             wrote
             his
             Apology
             for
             the
             Christians
             ,
             in
             or
             about
             the
             Year
             of
             Christ
             CC.
             as
          
           Pamelius
           
             stateth
             the
             Time
             ,
             in
             his
             Annals
             of
             the
             Life
             of
             that
             Father
             ,
             saith
             in
             his
             first
             Apology
             ,
             c.
          
           37.
           
           If
           we
           Christians
           would
           become
           your
           publick
           and
           declared
           Enemies
           ,
           or
           secret
           Revengers
           of
           our
           own
           Wrongs
           ,
           should
           we
           want
           Force
           and
           number
           to
           support
           it
           ?
           We
           exceed
           the
           
             Moors
             ,
          
           the
           
             Marcomans
             ,
          
           and
           the
           
             Parthians
             ,
          
           or
           any
           other
           one
           single
           Nation
           in
           the
           whole
           World
           ;
           we
           are
           but
           of
           Yesterday
           ,
           and
           yet
           we
           have
           filled
           all
           your
           Places
           ,
           your
           Cities
           ,
           your
           Islands
           ,
           Castles
           ,
           Corporations
           ,
           Councils
           ,
           Tribes
           ,
           Companies
           ,
           Palace
           ,
           Senate
           and
           Forum
           or
           Market-Place
           ;
           and
           we
           have
           left
           you
           nothing
           to
           enjoy
           alone
           but
           your
           Temples
           ;
           now
           we
           who
           so
           willingly
           lay
           down
           our
           Lives
           ,
           are
           we
           not
           thereby
           fitted
           and
           prepared
           ,
           do
           you
           think
           ,
           to
           manage
           any
           War
           ,
           tho'
           we
           were
           very
           much
           inferior
           in
           Number
           ;
           if
           our
           Religion
           did
           not
           oblige
           us
           ,
           rather
           to
           suffer
           Death
           than
           to
           inflict
           it
           ?
           we
           might
           without
           Arms
           or
           Resistance
           ,
           barely
           by
           disagreeing
           with
           you
           ,
           and
           the
           Envy
           of
           a
           Separation
           ,
           very
           much
           endager
           and
           disquiet
           you
           ;
           for
           if
           so
           great
           a
           part
           of
           the
           Empire
           ,
           as
           we
           now
           make
           ,
           should
           break
           it self
           off
           from
           the
           rest
           ,
           and
           retire
           into
           any
           remote
           Corner
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           it
           would
           certainly
           confound
           your
           Dominions
           ,
           to
           lose
           so
           many
           Subjects
           ,
           be
           their
           Quality
           what
           it
           will
           ;
           yea
           ,
           our
           very
           departure
           from
           you
           would
           be
           a
           severe
           Punishment
           ;
           the
           Desolation
           and
           Silence
           we
           should
           leave
           behind
           us
           ,
           would
           strike
           you
           with
           an
           Horror
           and
           Amazement
           ,
           as
           if
           the
           World
           were
           expiring
           ;
           you
           would
           be
           forced
           to
           seek
           for
           new
           Subjects
           to
           supply
           our
           Places
           ;
           and
           perhaps
           we
           should
           leave
           you
           more
           Enemies
           than
           Subjects
           or
           Defenders
           .
           
             This
             Place
             has
             been
             often
             cited
             to
             prove
             the
             Doctrine
             of
             Passive
             
             Obedience
             ;
             and
             in
             truth
             it
             is
             a
             noble
             Testimony
             of
             the
             Faith
             and
             Patience
             of
             those
             Saints
             :
             But
             then
             the
             Church
             continued
             after
             this
             under
             Pagan
             and
             Persecuting
             Princes
             one
             hundred
             and
             ten
             years
             ,
             and
             something
             more
             ,
             in
             which
             short
             time
             there
             is
             reckoned
             about
             twenty
             nine
             Emperors
             ;
             their
             times
             being
             short
             ,
             and
             their
             ends
             Bloody
             ;
             they
             almost
             all
             of
             them
             pershing
             by
             the
             Sword.
             Did
             any
             of
             the
             Primitive
             Christians
             in
             those
             days
             make
             any
             scruple
             to
             submit
             to
             the
             prevailing
             Power
             ?
          
           The
           same
           
             Author
             ,
             in
             this
             very
             Apology
             ,
             puts
             the
             Question
             to
             the
             Pagans
             ,
          
           Vnde
           Cassii
           ,
           Nigri
           ,
           &
           Albini
           ,
           &c.
           
           De
           Romanis
           (
           nisi
           fallor
           )
           id
           est
           ,
           de
           non
           Christanis
           .
           From
           whence
           are
           all
           your
           Vsurpers
           ,
           Traitors
           ,
           and
           Rebels
           ?
           They
           were
           (
           
             if
             I
             am
             not
             deceived
          
           )
           all
           Romans
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           no
           Christians
           .
           
             Those
             very
             Loyal
             Pagans
             ,
             that
             Persecuted
             the
             poor
             Christians
             ,
             because
             they
             would
             not
             sacrifice
             for
             the
             safety
             of
             the
             Empire
             and
             Emperor
             ,
             Those
             Loyal
             Pagans
             ,
             who
             would
             swear
             falsely
             by
             all
             their
             Gods
             ,
             rather
             than
             by
             the
             single
          
           Genius
           
             of
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             they
             were
             the
             Men
             that
             so
             frequently
             deposed
             ,
             murthered
             ,
             and
             destroyed
             their
             Princes
             ;
             that
             in
             one
             hundred
             and
             ten
             years
             there
             was
             about
             thirty
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             scarce
             three
             in
             all
             that
             time
             that
             died
             a
             natural
             Death
             .
          
        
         
           But
           where
           the
           Numerous
           body
           of
           Loyal
           Christians
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           
           who
           ,
           as
           he
           tells
           
             Scapula
             ,
             were
             so
             great
             a
             Multitude
             that
             they
             were
             almost
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             every
             City
             ;
          
           
           and
           as
           he
           tells
           us
           in
           the
           other
           Apology
           ,
           they
           were
           fit
           to
           have
           undertaken
           any
           the
           most
           dangerous
           War
           ,
           though
           they
           had
           been
           inferiour
           in
           numbers
           ,
           who
           so
           stoutly
           and
           fearlessly
           suffered
           deaths
           ,
           that
           were
           extraordinarily
           dreadful
           for
           their
           Religion
           ?
           Why
           did
           they
           not
           appear
           in
           the
           defence
           of
           some
           of
           these
           poor
           miserable
           Emperors
           ,
           who
           were
           thus
           slaughtered
           one
           upon
           the
           neck
           of
           another
           ?
           How
           could
           they
           satisfie
           their
           consciences
           to
           pay
           their
           Allegiance
           to
           thirty
           Emperors
           in
           one
           hundred
           and
           ten
           years
           ,
           and
           suffer
           above
           twenty
           of
           these
           to
           be
           deposed
           and
           murthered
           without
           ever
           in
           the
           least
           concerning
           themselves
           what
           became
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           who
           was
           in
           the
           Imperial
           Throne
           .
           Certainly
           here
           was
           some
           reason
           for
           this
           ,
           it
           was
           not
           Cowardice
           ;
           never
           in
           any
           Age
           were
           there
           greater
           numbers
           of
           Heroical
           Martyrs
           than
           in
           this
           Century
           ;
           four
           of
           the
           ten
           Persecutions
           fell
           in
           this
           short
           period
           of
           time
           ;
           and
           they
           bore
           them
           with
           all
           the
           bravery
           that
           any
           of
           their
           Ancestors
           had
           shewn
           .
           The
           Deposing
           Doctrine
           was
           not
           then
           dreamt
           of
           ;
           At
           the
           end
           of
           this
           dreadful
           Century
           they
           were
           as
           Innocent
           as
           at
           the
           beginning
           of
           it
           ,
           there
           was
           never
           a
           Traytor
           or
           Usurper
           to
           be
           yet
           charged
           upon
           
           the
           Christian
           Church
           .
           Well
           ,
           but
           what
           then
           ,
           why
           did
           they
           suffer
           the
           Pagans
           to
           murther
           their
           Princes
           at
           this
           rate
           ?
           How
           could
           they
           in
           conscience
           pray
           for
           thirty
           Emperors
           in
           one
           hundred
           and
           ten
           years
           ,
           most
           of
           which
           were
           stained
           with
           the
           Royal
           Bloods
           of
           their
           Predecessors
           ;
           and
           who
           had
           no
           other
           .
           Title
           than
           that
           of
           a
           Prosperous
           Usurpation
           and
           a
           successful
           Rebellion
           ?
           Let
           the
           
             Iacobites
          
           of
           our
           Age
           come
           forth
           now
           ,
           and
           try
           if
           they
           can
           justifie
           these
           Primitive
           Christians
           in
           all
           this
           ;
           let
           them
           produce
           their
           Arguments
           and
           form
           Apologies
           for
           them
           ,
           which
           shall
           not
           at
           the
           same
           time
           be
           unanswerable
           Objections
           against
           their
           own
           Practice
           .
        
         
           All
           that
           I
           can
           say
           for
           these
           Holy
           Menl
           ,
           is
           this
           ,
           They
           followed
           the
           Example
           of
           our
           Saviour
           ;
           and
           ,
           as
           he
           said
           in
           another
           case
           ,
           who
           made
           me
           a
           Judge
           and
           a
           divider
           of
           Civil
           Inheritances
           ,
           or
           of
           the
           Titles
           and
           Claims
           of
           Princes
           ?
           So
           they
           said
           here
           ,
           who
           has
           given
           us
           Power
           or
           Command
           to
           interest
           our selves
           in
           these
           things
           ?
           If
           we
           do
           our
           Duty
           and
           submit
           to
           and
           pray
           for
           those
           Powers
           that
           we
           find
           set
           over
           us
           ,
           by
           Men
           as
           the
           Instruments
           ,
           by
           God
           as
           the
           great
           disposer
           of
           Crowns
           and
           Scepters
           ,
           we
           are
           safe
           ;
           for
           it
           is
           he
           that
           Ruleth
           in
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           Men
           ,
           and
           sets
           over
           them
           
             The
             basest
             of
             Men
             ,
          
           
           such
           as
           
             Oliver
             Cromwel
          
           was
           ,
           Kings
           given
           to
           sinful
           Nations
           in
           his
           
             Wrath
             ,
          
           and
           sometimes
           as
           suddenly
           again
           taken
           away
           in
           his
           
             Anger
             ;
          
           and
           at
           others
           continued
           longer
           for
           the
           Tryal
           of
           his
           People
           or
           the
           chastisement
           of
           wicked
           Men.
           St.
           
             Austin
          
           saith
           ,
           
           
             Let
             us
             ascribe
             the
             gift
             of
             Kingdoms
             and
             Imperial
             Powers
             to
             none
             but
             the
             True
             God
             ;
          
           
           
             he
             that
             gives
             eternal
             felicity
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Heaven
             to
             none
             but
             the
             Pious
             :
             but
             the
             Earthly
             Kingdom
             ,
             both
             to
             the
             good
             and
             to
             the
             bad
             ,
             as
             he
             pleaseth
             ,
             who
             is
             not
             pleased
             with
             injustice
             :
             For
             though
             we
             should
             in
             this
             case
             say
             all
             we
             know
             ,
             yet
             it
             would
             at
             last
             be
             impossible
             for
             us
             ,
             to
             search
             the
             hearts
             of
             Men
             ,
             and
             by
             a
             clear
             discovery
             to
             judge
             of
             the
             justice
             of
          
           (
           God
           in
           relation
           to
           )
           
             Kingdoms
             .
             That
             one
             True
             God
             therefore
             ,
             who
             needs
             neither
             the
             Approbation
          
           (
           Judgment
           )
           
             nor
             assistance
             of
             Men
             ,
             when
             he
             pleased
             ,
             and
             as
             far
             as
             he
             pleased
             ,
             gave
             the
             Empire
             of
             the
             World
             to
             the
          
           Romans
           ,
           
             who
             gave
             it
             before
             that
             to
             the
          
           Assyrians
           
             and
          
           Persians
           .
           And
           a
           little
           lower
           ,
           
             He
             that
             gave
             the
             Kingdom
             or
             Empire
             to
             
               Marius
               ,
            
             gave
             it
             to
             
               Julius
               Caesar
               ;
            
             he
             that
             gave
             it
             to
             
               Augustus
               ,
            
             gave
             it
             also
             to
             
               Nero
               ;
            
             He
             that
             gave
             it
             to
             
               Vespasian
            
             and
             
               Titus
               ,
            
             two
             merciful
             sweet
             Princes
             ,
             gave
             it
             also
             to
             
               Domitian
               ,
            
             a
             most
             cruel
             Prince
             :
             And
             that
             I
             may
             not
             be
             forced
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             to
             run
             through
             all
             the
             Particulars
             ,
             he
             that
             gave
             it
             to
             
               Constantine
               ,
            
             a
             Christian
             ,
             gave
             it
             to
             
               Julian
            
             an
             Apostate
             ,
             whose
             great
             parts
             
             and
             Sacrilegious
             and
             detestable
             curiosity
             was
             deceived
             by
             the
             love
             of
             Empire
             ;
             who
             trusting
             afterwards
             in
             those
             vain
             Oracles
             to
             which
             he
             was
             too
             much
             addicted
             ,
             and
             being
             too
             secure
             of
             the
             Victory
             they
             had
             promised
             him
             ,
             burnt
             his
             Navy
             on
             the
             
               Tigris
               ,
            
             which
             should
             have
             supplied
             his
             Army
             with
             Provisions
             ,
             and
             rashly
             pursuing
             irrational
             Designs
             ,
             was
             deservedly
             cut
             off
             in
             the
             Enemies
             Country
             .
          
        
         
           Now
           I
           would
           fain
           have
           our
           
             Jacobites
          
           tell
           me
           ,
           whether
           the
           same
           True
           God
           has
           abandoned
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           when
           he
           did
           so
           ?
           Did
           he
           give
           the
           Empire
           of
           the
           World
           to
           
             Nero
             ,
          
           to
           
             Domitian
             ,
          
           to
           
             Julian
          
           the
           Apostate
           ,
           all
           Usurpers
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           Murderers
           of
           their
           Predecessors
           ?
           nay
           ,
           to
           
             Marius
             ,
          
           who
           was
           the
           very
           Image
           of
           
             Oliver
             Cromwel
             ?
          
           and
           has
           he
           not
           since
           that
           done
           any
           thing
           of
           that
           Nature
           ?
           Did
           not
           he
           that
           gave
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           
             England
          
           to
           King
           
             James
             ,
          
           give
           it
           also
           to
           King
           
             William
             ?
          
           Did
           not
           the
           Primitive
           Fathers
           submit
           to
           ,
           and
           pray
           for
           
             Nero
             ,
             Domitian
          
           and
           
             Julian
             ,
          
           though
           Murderers
           and
           Usurpers
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           
             Claudius
             ,
             Titus
             ,
          
           and
           
             Constantius
             .
          
           It
           was
           well
           known
           ,
           
             Claudius
          
           left
           a
           Son
           ,
           whose
           birth
           was
           never
           questioned
           ,
           and
           that
           
             Nero
          
           was
           set
           up
           by
           the
           Intriegues
           of
           
             Agrippina
          
           his
           Mother
           ;
           Yet
           St.
           
             Paul
          
           owned
           his
           
             power
             to
             be
             God
             ,
          
           Rom.
           13.
           
           For
           in
           that
           Princes
           Reign
           ,
           this
           Epistle
           was
           written
           ,
           as
           Bishop
           
             Pearson
          
           proves
           in
           his
           Annals
           of
           St.
           
             Paul
             ,
          
           pag.
           15.
           
           But
           the
           Christians
           were
           few
           in
           number
           then
           .
           Well
           ,
           but
           they
           were
           numerous
           enough
           in
           the
           second
           and
           third
           Century
           ,
           but
           they
           were
           all
           of
           St.
           
           Augustin's
           mind
           then
           too
           ,
           and
           left
           God
           to
           dispose
           of
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           the
           World
           as
           he
           thought
           fit
           .
           Now
           how
           did
           they
           know
           that
           he
           had
           given
           the
           Empire
           in
           their
           times
           to
           this
           of
           that
           Man
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           event
           ?
           and
           was
           that
           sufficient
           to
           justifie
           them
           in
           their
           acquiescing
           in
           ,
           and
           submitting
           to
           ,
           the
           Will
           of
           God
           thus
           discovered
           and
           will
           not
           the
           same
           be
           sufficient
           to
           us
           too
           ?
           Is
           not
           the
           same
           Providence
           as
           powerful
           and
           as
           vigilant
           in
           our
           times
           as
           in
           theirs
           ?
        
         
           For
           my
           part
           I
           was
           none
           of
           them
           that
           did
           ,
           or
           durst
           have
           resisted
           or
           Rebelled
           against
           King
           
             James
             :
          
           but
           when
           he
           chose
           rather
           to
           leave
           his
           Kingdom
           ,
           than
           to
           do
           his
           Subjects
           Right
           ;
           it
           was
           just
           with
           God
           and
           Men
           to
           confirm
           the
           Election
           he
           had
           made
           ;
           and
           seeing
           he
           would
           not
           continue
           in
           the
           Station
           ,
           God
           had
           placed
           him
           in
           (
           that
           of
           a
           Regular
           and
           Limited
           Monarchy
           )
           but
           aspired
           to
           an
           Absolute
           and
           unlimited
           Arbitrary
           Empire
           ,
           and
           persecuted
           those
           who
           had
           set
           him
           up
           and
           preserved
           him
           in
           his
           Throne
           ;
           It
           was
           just
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           that
           God
           should
           say
           unto
           him
           as
           he
           did
           to
           
           
             Saul
             ,
             Because
             thou
             hast
             rejected
             the
             word
             of
             the
             Lord
             ;
             he
             hath
             rejected
             thee
             from
             being
             King.
          
           Seeing
           you
           have
           provoked
           and
           deserted
           your
           People
           ,
           and
           have
           fled
           into
           a
           strange
           Country
           ,
           when
           you
           might
           by
           observing
           your
           Oath
           and
           your
           Laws
           ,
           have
           lived
           happily
           in
           your
           own
           ;
           you
           shall
           the
           fruit
           of
           your
           own
           folly
           ,
           
             and
             I
             will
             give
             it
             to
             a
             neighbour
             of
             thine
             that
             is
             better
             than
             you
             .
          
        
         
           Now
           I
           would
           fain
           know
           of
           my
           Country
           men
           ,
           who
           are
           still
           dissatisfied
           ,
           what
           I
           or
           any
           of
           the
           other
           Members
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           who
           never
           resisted
           King
           
             James
          
           till
           he
           left
           us
           ,
           have
           done
           more
           than
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           did
           in
           the
           like
           Circumstances
           ;
           and
           I
           would
           have
           them
           produce
           but
           one
           Example
           in
           all
           those
           times
           of
           a
           Christian
           that
           did
           scruple
           to
           submit
           to
           ,
           or
           pray
           for
           ,
           the
           Prince
           that
           was
           set
           over
           him
           ,
           be
           his
           Title
           what
           it
           would
           .
           
           And
           when
           his
           hand
           is
           in
           ,
           let
           him
           shew
           me
           the
           Christian
           that
           desired
           the
           Restitution
           of
           
             Dioclesian
          
           or
           
             Liciniu
             ;
          
           two
           persecuting
           Princes
           ,
           
           who
           were
           as
           manifestly
           laid
           aside
           as
           King
           
             James
          
           was
           or
           could
           be
           ;
           supposing
           he
           was
           purely
           forced
           ,
           and
           that
           there
           was
           nothing
           of
           his
           will
           in
           it
           ,
           which
           yet
           were
           a
           very
           extravagant
           Supposition
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           I
           come
           now
           to
           the
           Second
           thing
           ,
           I
           proposed
           to
           examine
           ,
           whether
           those
           who
           stand
           for
           the
           Non-resisting
           Doctrine
           are
           by
           it
           bound
           to
           endeavour
           the
           Restitution
           of
           
             James
          
           the
           Second
           ,
           now
           he
           had
           deserted
           the
           Throne
           ,
           and
           withdrawn
           his
           Person
           and
           Seals
           ?
        
         
           I
           have
           in
           part
           anticipated
           this
           Enquiry
           in
           the
           former
           part
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           impossible
           to
           do
           otherwise
           ,
           by
           shewing
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           who
           owned
           and
           practised
           this
           Doctrine
           to
           the
           highest
           ,
           did
           yet
           never
           concern
           themselves
           for
           the
           Titles
           or
           Successions
           of
           their
           Princes
           ,
           but
           submitted
           to
           those
           they
           found
           in
           the
           Throne
           ,
           good
           ,
           or
           bad
           ,
           by
           what
           Right
           ,
           Title
           or
           Pretence
           soever
           they
           came
           in
           .
        
         
           The
           only
           reason
           that
           be
           given
           for
           this
           ,
           is
           what
           I
           have
           assigned
           out
           of
           St.
           
             Augustin
             ,
             viz.
          
           That
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           the
           World
           were
           so
           particularly
           under
           the
           Government
           of
           God
           ,
           that
           no
           person
           could
           usurp
           them
           without
           his
           particular
           Gift
           and
           Providence
           .
           They
           did
           not
           in
           this
           case
           make
           any
           difference
           between
           his
           
             Approbation
          
           and
           
             Permission
             :
          
           They
           knew
           and
           acknowledged
           this
           thing
           was
           managed
           in
           such
           manner
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           impossible
           for
           Man
           sometimes
           after
           the
           utmost
           search
           to
           find
           out
           the
           reason
           of
           it
           ;
           but
           yet
           they
           said
           also
           with
           St.
           
             Augustin
             ,
             
             God
             could
             approve
             nothing
             but
             what
             was
             just
             ,
          
           and
           in
           this
           be
           sure
           nothing
           could
           happen
           but
           what
           he
           approved
           :
           no
           force
           ,
           no
           fraud
           ever
           prevailed
           against
           any
           Prince
           that
           was
           in
           Possession
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           Will
           ,
           and
           Approbation
           of
           God
           Almighty
           .
        
         
           The
           only
           Objection
           that
           can
           be
           made
           against
           this
           ,
           is
           ,
           That
           this
           will
           seem
           to
           make
           God
           the
           Author
           or
           Approver
           of
           the
           ill
           things
           that
           have
           been
           done
           to
           good
           Princes
           in
           the
           several
           Ages
           of
           the
           World.
           To
           which
           I
           reply
           ,
           That
           God
           has
           very
           great
           Reason
           and
           Justice
           in
           all
           his
           Actions
           ,
           though
           it
           is
           not
           always
           known
           to
           Men.
           The
           best
           of
           Men
           have
           been
           guilty
           of
           great
           offences
           ,
           some
           of
           which
           have
           not
           been
           known
           to
           Men
           in
           general
           ,
           and
           others
           that
           were
           known
           have
           not
           been
           committed
           to
           writing
           ,
           and
           are
           lost
           ;
           but
           when
           all
           things
           shall
           in
           the
           last
           Day
           be
           discovered
           ,
           then
           it
           will
           appear
           ,
           That
           God
           was
           just
           in
           all
           his
           ways
           ,
           and
           righteous
           in
           all
           his
           works
           .
        
         
           And
           though
           God
           has
           pleased
           to
           settle
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           the
           World
           in
           certain
           Families
           and
           Persons
           as
           he
           thought
           fit
           ,
           yet
           he
           has
           not
           thereby
           bound
           up
           his
           own
           hands
           so
           ,
           that
           let
           them
           do
           what
           they
           please
           ,
           every
           person
           that
           is
           by
           his
           Providence
           exalted
           to
           a
           Throne
           must
           necessarily
           Reign
           till
           his
           Death
           ,
           and
           shall
           then
           be
           succeeded
           by
           none
           but
           his
           next
           right
           Heir
           .
           God
           never
           made
           a
           personal
           promise
           to
           any
           Family
           ,
           but
           that
           of
           
             David
             ;
          
           and
           after
           that
           to
           
             Jehu
             :
          
           but
           in
           the
           Family
           of
           
             David
          
           (
           as
           the
           Promise
           was
           in
           part
           conditional
           )
           there
           were
           many
           false
           steps
           ,
           and
           aberrations
           from
           the
           true
           Rules
           of
           an
           Hereditary
           Succession
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           sins
           of
           
             Solomen
             ,
          
           God
           rent
           ten
           of
           the
           Tribes
           out
           of
           the
           hand
           of
           
             Rehoboam
          
           his
           Son
           ,
           which
           never
           after
           returned
           under
           the
           House
           of
           
             David
             ;
          
           and
           though
           this
           is
           stiled
           a
           Rebellion
           ,
           yet
           God
           owns
           
             that
             this
             thing
             was
             from
             him
             ,
          
           1
           King.
           12.
           24.
           
           And
           the
           Family
           of
           
             Jehu
          
           ended
           in
           the
           fourth
           desent
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           foretold
           .
        
         
           Now
           put
           these
           two
           together
           ,
           That
           there
           is
           a
           particular
           Providence
           ,
           that
           particularly
           concerns
           it self
           in
           the
           disposing
           of
           Crowns
           ,
           against
           which
           neither
           Fraud
           nor
           Force
           can
           prevail
           :
           And
           ,
           That
           God
           has
           an
           absolute
           Right
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           full
           Power
           to
           dispose
           of
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           the
           World
           as
           he
           please
           ;
           and
           accordingly
           has
           in
           every
           Age
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           
             de
             facto
             ,
          
           disposed
           of
           them
           ;
           and
           the
           Conclusion
           will
           be
           ,
           That
           whosoever
           ascends
           a
           Throne
           ,
           and
           reigns
           in
           any
           Kingdom
           ,
           doth
           it
           by
           the
           Will
           and
           Appointment
           of
           God
           :
           And
           in
           this
           no
           Wrong
           is
           done
           by
           God
           ,
           for
           he
           may
           dispose
           of
           what
           is
           his
           own
           ,
           when
           and
           how
           he
           please
           :
           All
           Princes
           are
           Gods
           
             Ministers
          
           and
           
           
             Deputies
             ,
          
           and
           ,
           when
           he
           please
           ,
           he
           may
           lay
           them
           aside
           ,
           and
           set
           up
           others
           in
           their
           stead
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           in
           general
           is
           true
           of
           all
           Princes
           ,
           Good
           and
           Bad
           ;
           but
           as
           to
           the
           latter
           ,
           to
           what
           purpose
           are
           Prayers
           and
           Tears
           stiled
           ,
           The
           Arms
           of
           the
           Church
           against
           persecuting
           Princes
           ,
           if
           they
           were
           of
           no
           Force
           ?
           to
           what
           purpose
           should
           Men
           cry
           unto
           the
           Lord
           ,
           because
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           if
           he
           were
           resolved
           never
           to
           hear
           them
           ;
           or
           which
           is
           all
           one
           ,
           never
           to
           help
           them
           ?
           And
           the
           Difficulty
           is
           the
           same
           yet
           ;
           if
           I
           may
           not
           accept
           of
           a
           Deliverance
           ,
           when
           it
           comes
           .
           Why
           ,
           if
           God
           is
           pleased
           to
           put
           an
           end
           to
           the
           Life
           of
           an
           ill
           Prince
           ,
           and
           to
           set
           up
           the
           next
           immediate
           Successor
           ,
           then
           I
           may
           say
           I
           am
           delivered
           ?
           But
           when
           did
           God
           oblige
           himself
           to
           this
           ?
           That
           he
           would
           exercise
           this
           most
           Sovereign
           Jurisdiction
           ,
           over
           Princes
           ,
           only
           one
           way
           ;
           and
           that
           every
           Prince
           should
           be
           succeeded
           by
           none
           but
           his
           next
           immediate
           Heir
           :
           Where
           has
           he
           obliged
           us
           to
           accept
           of
           no
           other
           Deliverance
           ,
           and
           to
           reject
           all
           other
           Successors
           but
           those
           that
           we
           took
           to
           be
           right
           ,
           with
           the
           loss
           of
           our
           Lives
           and
           Fortunes
           ?
           Did
           the
           Primitive
           Fathers
           of
           the
           Church
           act
           or
           write
           thus
           ,
           or
           how
           come
           we
           to
           be
           under
           other
           Laws
           than
           they
           were
           ?
        
         
           If
           
             James
          
           II.
           governed
           us
           as
           he
           ought
           ,
           according
           to
           his
           Laws
           and
           his
           Oath
           ,
           we
           are
           bound
           ,
           in
           Gratitude
           ,
           to
           desire
           the
           continuance
           of
           his
           Government
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           much
           concerned
           that
           we
           are
           not
           still
           under
           his
           Scepter
           ;
           for
           he
           was
           once
           the
           undoubted
           rightful
           King
           of
           
             England
             :
          
           But
           if
           it
           was
           otherwise
           ,
           if
           he
           persecuted
           that
           Church
           ,
           he
           promised
           and
           was
           bound
           to
           protect
           ,
           and
           did
           not
           treat
           us
           like
           
             Englishmen
             ,
          
           but
           like
           Slaves
           ,
           what
           reason
           have
           we
           to
           desire
           ,
           now
           we
           are
           delivered
           ,
           to
           be
           again
           brought
           into
           the
           same
           Circumstances
           we
           so
           lately
           groaned
           under
           ?
           
             Nero
             ,
             Domitian
          
           and
           
             Decius
             ,
          
           the
           three
           first
           Persecutors
           of
           the
           Christian
           Church
           ,
           all
           of
           them
           perished
           by
           the
           Sword
           ;
           but
           
             Valerian
             ,
          
           the
           fourth
           ,
           as
           he
           is
           reckoned
           by
           
             Lactantius
             ,
          
           did
           not
           escape
           neither
           ;
           
             At
             illum
             Deus
             novo
             ac
             singulari
             poenae
             genere
             adfecit
             ,
             ut
             esset
             posteris
             documentum
             adversarios
             Dei
             s●pe
             dignam
             scelere
             suo
             recipere
             mercedem
             :
             God
             took
             a
             new
             Course
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             inflicted
             upon
             him
             a
             new
             kind
             of
             Punishment
             ,
             that
             he
             might
             teach
             Posterity
             ,
             That
             the
             Enemies
             of
             God
             do
             often
             meet
             with
             a
             Recompence
             worthy
             of
             their
             Wickedness
             ;
             for
             he
             being
             taken
             Prisoner
             by
             the
             Persians
             ,
             lost
             not
             only
             his
             Sovereignty
             ,
             which
             he
             had
             most
             insolently
             abused
             ,
             but
             his
             Liberty
             also
             ,
             which
             he
             had
             deprived
             others
             unjustly
             of
             ;
             and
             he
             continued
             in
             wretched
             Servitude
             to
             the
             Day
             of
             his
             Death
             ;
             not
             only
             destitute
             of
             Help
             or
             Pity
             ,
             but
             scorned
             and
             trodden
             upon
             by
             his
             proud
             Enemy
             .
          
           Did
           the
           Christians
           of
           this
           Age
           petition
           for
           their
           old
           Persecutor
           ,
           did
           they
           refuse
           to
           be
           
           under
           the
           milder
           Government
           of
           his
           Son
           
             Gallienus
             ,
          
           
           because
           the
           Father
           was
           still
           living
           ,
           tho'
           in
           Captivity
           ?
           No
           ,
           he
           tells
           us
           ,
           That
           this
           was
           added
           to
           his
           Punishment
           ;
           that
           though
           he
           had
           a
           Son
           ,
           which
           succeeded
           in
           the
           Empire
           ,
           yet
           there
           was
           no
           Revenger
           of
           his
           Captivity
           and
           Slavery
           ,
           
             nec
             omnino
             repetitus
             est
             ,
          
           nor
           was
           he
           ,
           in
           the
           least
           ,
           ever
           demanded
           or
           desired
           .
        
         
           Next
           after
           him
           arose
           †
           
             Aurelian
             ,
          
           a
           mad
           and
           a
           rash
           Prince
           ,
           who
           was
           cut
           off
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           Rage
           :
           After
           him
           came
           *
           
             Dioclesian
             ,
          
           who
           was
           hardly
           persuaded
           to
           begin
           a
           
             Persecution
             ,
          
           but
           raged
           more
           than
           any
           of
           his
           Predecessors
           ;
           soon
           after
           he
           fell
           into
           a
           Sickness
           ,
           and
           was
           thought
           by
           the
           Violence
           of
           it
           to
           have
           been
           dead
           ;
           but
           tho'
           he
           escaped
           with
           his
           Life
           ,
           he
           was
           a
           long
           time
           disracted
           ,
           and
           was
           forced
           by
           
             Galerious
             ,
             Imperio
             cedere
             ,
          
           to
           resign
           the
           Empire
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           305.
           †
           and
           although
           he
           lived
           to
           the
           Year
           313.
           which
           was
           nine
           Years
           after
           he
           was
           deposed
           ,
           none
           of
           the
           Christians
           of
           that
           Age
           desired
           he
           should
           again
           ascend
           the
           Throne
           .
        
         
           One
           of
           the
           last
           of
           the
           Pagan
           Princes
           ,
           that
           persecuted
           the
           Church
           ,
           was
           
             Licinus
             ,
          
           upon
           whom
           
             Constantine
          
           made
           War
           ,
           for
           that
           very
           Cause
           ,
           and
           reduced
           him
           to
           a
           private
           Life
           ,
           in
           
             Thrace
             ,
          
           in
           the
           Year
           324.
           and
           in
           the
           Year
           325.
           put
           him
           to
           death
           ,
           for
           endeavouring
           to
           recover
           his
           Throne
           :
           But
           neither
           here
           did
           the
           Christians
           ,
           that
           were
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           desire
           again
           to
           be
           under
           their
           Pagan
           Persecuting
           Prince
           ,
           rather
           than
           under
           their
           Deliverer
           ,
           
             Constantine
             .
          
        
         
           Julian
           
             the
          
           Apostate
           
             was
             the
             last
             Pagan
             Prince
             that
             reigned
             in
             the
             Roman
             Empire
             ,
             and
             he
             perished
             in
          
           Persia
           ,
           
             by
             an
             unknown
             Hand
             ,
             within
             two
             Years
             and
             one
             Month
             ;
             and
             was
             followed
             ,
             both
             living
             and
             dead
             ,
             with
             the
             Detestation
             of
             that
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             succeeding
             Ages
             .
             S.
          
           Ambrose
           ,
           
           
             as
             he
             is
             cited
             by
          
           Grotius
           ,
           de
           jure
           belli
           &
           pacis
           ,
           
             saith
             ,
             This
          
           Apostate
           had
           many
           Christian
           Soldiers
           under
           him
           ,
           who
           when
           he
           commanded
           them
           ,
           To
           stand
           to
           their
           Arms
           ,
           against
           the
           common
           Enemy
           of
           their
           Country
           ,
           obeyed
           him
           ;
           but
           when
           he
           commanded
           them
           to
           sight
           against
           the
           Christians
           ,
           then
           they
           acknowledged
           the
           Emperor
           of
           Heaven
           :
           
             That
             is
             ,
             they
             refused
             to
             serve
             him
             in
             this
             .
             And
             the
             famous
          
           Thebean
           
             Legion
             made
             this
             their
             Apology
             ,
          
           We
           offer
           our
           Service
           against
           any
           Enemy
           ;
           but
           we
           esteem
           in
           an
           Impiety
           to
           stain
           them
           with
           the
           Bloods
           of
           Innocent
           Men
           :
           You
           may
           command
           our
           Hands
           against
           the
           Wicked
           and
           your
           Enemies
           ,
           but
           we
           cannot
           butcher
           the
           Pious
           ,
           and
           our
           fellow-Subjects
           .
           We
           do
           well
           remember
           ,
           That
           we
           took
           up
           Arms
           for
           ,
           and
           not
           against
           our
           Countrymen
           ;
           and
           we
           have
           ever
           fought
           for
           Justice
           ,
           for
           Piety
           ,
           and
           the
           Preservation
           of
           the
           Innocent
           :
           These
           things
           have
           hitherto
           been
           the
           Rewards
           of
           our
           Dangers
           .
           Shall
           we
           ,
           oh
           Sir
           ,
           ever
           be
           able
           to
           keep
           our
           Faith
           and
           our
           promise
           to
           you
           ;
           
           
             if
             we
             now
             fail
             of
             performing
             our
             Promise
             to
             our
             God
             ?
          
           They
           were
           then
           said
           to
           be
           led
           into
           
             France
             ,
          
           to
           fight
           against
           the
           
             Bagaudae
             ,
          
           a
           sort
           of
           
             outlawed
             Christians
             ,
          
           who
           were
           forced
           ,
           by
           the
           Iniquity
           of
           the
           Times
           ,
           to
           take
           up
           Arms
           under
           
             Dioclesian
             ;
          
           and
           were
           all
           of
           them
           destroyed
           by
           
             Maximianus
             ;
          
           so
           that
           if
           that
           Story
           be
           true
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           pregnant
           Testimony
           ,
           That
           he
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
          
           doth
           not
           oblige
           any
           Man
           to
           lend
           his
           Assistance
           to
           the
           Ruine
           of
           the
           true
           Religion
           .
        
         
           Beside
           these
           Pagan
           Princes
           ,
           
           there
           were
           some
           
             Arian
          
           Princes
           ,
           who
           treated
           the
           Catholicks
           of
           their
           Times
           very
           hardly
           ;
           and
           though
           none
           of
           the
           Christians
           of
           those
           Times
           rebelled
           against
           them
           ,
           yet
           neither
           would
           the
           Catholicks
           assist
           the
           Arian
           Princes
           against
           the
           Catholick
           Bishops
           ,
           as
           is
           plain
           in
           the
           Story
           of
           S.
           
             Ambrose
             ,
          
           and
           the
           many
           Tumults
           at
           
             Constantinople
             ,
             Antioch
          
           and
           
             Alexandria
             ,
          
           in
           those
           Times
           ;
           and
           when
           these
           Princes
           sell
           by
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           ,
           in
           Civil
           or
           Foreign
           Wars
           ,
           their
           Ends
           were
           looked
           upon
           as
           deserved
           :
           Thus
           
             Valens
          
           perished
           in
           
             Thrace
             ,
          
           and
           
             Valentinian
             ,
          
           the
           younger
           ,
           at
           
             Vienne
             ,
          
           the
           one
           by
           the
           Hands
           of
           the
           Goths
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           by
           the
           Procurement
           of
           
             Arbogastes
             ,
          
           an
           Usurper
           ;
           and
           the
           untimely
           Deaths
           of
           these
           two
           Princes
           ,
           proved
           the
           Exaltation
           of
           
             Theodosius
             ,
          
           the
           Resettler
           of
           the
           Catholick
           Religion
           ,
           and
           the
           extirper
           of
           
             Arianism
             ,
          
           in
           the
           Roman
           Empire
           .
        
         
           In
           all
           the
           various
           Events
           of
           these
           Times
           ,
           the
           Providence
           of
           God
           ordered
           things
           for
           the
           good
           of
           his
           Church
           ,
           and
           the
           Christians
           of
           those
           Times
           ,
           left
           them
           to
           his
           Disposal
           ,
           and
           submitted
           to
           those
           he
           set
           over
           them
           ,
           quietly
           ,
           and
           without
           disputing
           their
           Rights
           or
           Titles
           ;
           whereas
           
             Procopius
             ,
          
           who
           claimed
           the
           Empire
           ,
           as
           cousin
           to
           
             Julian
          
           the
           Emperor
           ,
           perished
           in
           the
           Attempt
           ,
           without
           pity
           ,
           or
           the
           Regard
           of
           the
           Church
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           no
           part
           of
           the
           Reign
           of
           
             James
          
           II.
           that
           has
           not
           been
           examined
           and
           represented
           by
           many
           pens
           ;
           so
           that
           it
           were
           a
           needless
           ,
           but
           an
           ungrateful
           Task
           for
           me
           ,
           to
           rip
           it
           up
           again
           ;
           it
           may
           suffice
           to
           say
           ,
           in
           general
           ,
           Never
           any
           of
           our
           Princes
           so
           openly
           attempted
           the
           Ruine
           of
           the
           English
           Liberties
           ,
           or
           went
           so
           far
           in
           it
           ;
           never
           did
           any
           Man
           more
           openly
           endeavour
           the
           Ruine
           of
           an
           established
           Religion
           ,
           or
           by
           more
           illegal
           Courses
           than
           he
           :
           nor
           Laws
           ,
           nor
           Oaths
           ,
           nor
           Promises
           ,
           nor
           Gratitude
           could
           restrain
           him
           ;
           he
           broke
           through
           all
           the
           Barriers
           God
           and
           Man
           had
           put
           in
           his
           Way
           ,
           and
           seemed
           resolved
           to
           ruine
           us
           or
           Himself
           ;
           no
           Remonstrances
           from
           abroad
           ,
           no
           Petitions
           at
           home
           ,
           could
           work
           upon
           him
           ,
           till
           he
           saw
           the
           Sword
           coming
           to
           cut
           up
           the
           
             Gourd
          
           he
           had
           planted
           ,
           and
           was
           so
           fond
           of
           ;
           then
           indeed
           ,
           he
           seemed
           to
           relent
           and
           to
           give
           back
           ;
           but
           still
           he
           
           would
           be
           trusted
           ;
           he
           would
           yield
           up
           nothing
           ,
           but
           so
           as
           that
           he
           might
           ,
           when
           the
           Danger
           was
           over
           ,
           re-assume
           the
           same
           again
           .
           An
           
             English
             Parliament
          
           was
           the
           thing
           ,
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           he
           most
           hated
           ,
           because
           he
           foresaw
           ,
           if
           it
           was
           Free
           ,
           there
           was
           an
           end
           ,
           for
           ever
           ,
           of
           the
           Hopes
           of
           setting
           up
           Popery
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           ;
           and
           that
           was
           his
           main
           and
           almost
           only
           Design
           ;
           and
           yet
           ,
           as
           fond
           as
           he
           ever
           seemed
           to
           be
           of
           an
           Absolute
           and
           Uncontroulable
           Power
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           been
           of
           our
           Church
           ,
           he
           would
           not
           have
           hazarded
           all
           for
           it
           ,
           but
           he
           would
           have
           managed
           Things
           with
           some
           Reserve
           ;
           but
           the
           Jesuites
           he
           took
           into
           his
           Bosom
           ,
           and
           his
           Queen
           ,
           especially
           ,
           spurred
           him
           on
           ;
           and
           put
           him
           upon
           these
           Courses
           ,
           only
           by
           representing
           to
           him
           the
           Glory
           and
           Merit
           of
           extirpating
           the
           Northern
           Heresies
           ,
           and
           settling
           the
           Catholick
           Religion
           in
           
             England
             .
          
        
         
           
             Well
             ,
             but
             what
             has
             he
             done
             since
             he
             left
             us
             ,
             that
             may
             give
             us
             any
             Assurance
             ,
             we
             were
             mistaken
             ,
             as
             to
             what
             was
             past
             ,
             or
             may
             hope
             for
             better
             Usage
             for
             time
             to
             come
             ?
             Why
             ,
             there
             have
             been
             some
             General
             Promises
             made
             :
             In
             the
             Letter
             ,
             pretended
             to
             be
             sent
             to
             the
             Lords
             and
             Commons
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             after
             wards
             printed
             in
          
           London
           ,
           
             he
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             Person
             for
             him
             ,
             tells
             us
             ;
          
           We
           are
           resolved
           ,
           Nothing
           shall
           be
           omitted
           on
           our
           Part
           (
           whenever
           we
           can
           with
           Safety
           return
           )
           that
           can
           contribute
           towards
           the
           Redress
           of
           all
           former
           Errors
           ,
           or
           present
           Disorders
           ,
           or
           add
           to
           the
           securing
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           or
           the
           Property
           of
           every
           individual
           Subject
           ;
           intending
           to
           refer
           the
           whole
           to
           a
           Parliament
           ,
           legally
           called
           ,
           freely
           elected
           ,
           and
           held
           ,
           without
           constraint
           ;
           wherein
           we
           shall
           not
           only
           have
           a
           particular
           regard
           to
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           as
           by
           Law
           established
           ,
           but
           also
           give
           such
           Indulgence
           to
           Dissenters
           ,
           as
           our
           People
           shall
           have
           no
           reason
           to
           be
           jealous
           of
           ,
           
             not
             expecting
             ,
             for
             the
             future
             ,
             any
             other
             favour
             to
             those
             of
             Our
             own
             Persuasion
             ,
             than
             the
             exercise
             of
             their
             Religion
             in
             their
             own
             private
             Families
             .
          
        
         
           This
           Letter
           bears
           date
           at
           
             S.
             Germans
             en
             Laye
             ,
             Feb.
          
           3.
           
           1688-89
           :
        
         
           
             
               The
               Letter
               to
               the
               Convention
               of
               Scotland
               runs
               in
               a
               higher
               strain
               .
            
             
               WE
               think
               fit
               to
               let
               you
               know
               ,
               That
               We
               have
               at
               all
               Times
               relied
               upon
               the
               Faithfulness
               and
               Affection
               of
               you
               ,
               Our
               Ancient
               People
               ,
               so
               much
               ,
               that
               in
               Our
               greatest
               Misfortunes
               ,
               heretofore
               ,
               We
               had
               recou●se
               to
               your
               Assistance
               ,
               and
               that
               with
               good
               Success
               to
               Our
               Affairs
               :
               so
               now
               ,
               again
               ,
               We
               require
               of
               you
               to
               support
               Our
               Royal
               Interest
               ,
               expecting
               from
               you
               what
               becomes
               Loyal
               Faithful
               Subjects
               ,
               generous
               and
               honest
               Men
               ,
               that
               will
               neither
               suffer
               your selves
               to
               be
               cajoled
               ,
               nor
               frighted
               into
               any
               Action
               misbecoming
               true
               hearted
               
                 Scotchmen
                 ;
              
               and
               that
               to
               support
               the
               
               Honour
               of
               the
               Nation
               ,
               you
               will
               contemn
               the
               base
               Example
               of
               Disloyal
               Men
               ,
               and
               eternise
               your
               Names
               ,
               by
               a
               Loyalty
               suitable
               to
               the
               many
               Professions
               you
               have
               made
               to
               Vs
               :
               in
               doing
               whereof
               you
               shall
               chuse
               the
               safest
               part
               ,
               since
               thereby
               you
               will
               evite
               the
               Danger
               ,
               you
               must
               needs
               undergo
               ;
               the
               Infamy
               and
               Disgrace
               you
               must
               bring
               upon
               your selves
               in
               this
               World
               ,
               and
               the
               Condemnation
               due
               to
               the
               Rebellious
               ,
               in
               the
               next
               ;
               and
               you
               will
               likewise
               have
               the
               Opportunity
               to
               secure
               to
               your selves
               and
               your
               Posterity
               ,
               the
               gracious
               Promises
               ,
               
               We
               have
               so
               oft
               made
               of
               securing
               your
               Religion
               ,
               Laws
               ,
               Properties
               ,
               Liberties
               and
               Rights
               ,
               which
               We
               are
               
                 still
                 resolved
                 to
                 perform
                 ,
              
               as
               soon
               as
               is
               possible
               for
               Vs
               to
               meet
               you
               safely
               in
               a
               Parliament
               ,
               of
               Our
               Ancient
               Kingdom
               :
               In
               the
               mean
               time
               ,
               fear
               not
               to
               declare
               for
               Vs
               ,
               your
               Lawful
               Sovereign
               ;
               who
               will
               not
               fail
               on
               Our
               Parts
               ,
               to
               give
               you
               such
               a
               speedy
               and
               powerful
               Assistance
               ,
               as
               shall
               not
               only
               enable
               you
               to
               defend
               your selves
               from
               any
               Foreign
               Attempt
               ,
               but
               put
               you
               in
               a
               Condition
               to
               assert
               our
               Right
               against
               our
               Enemies
               ,
               who
               have
               depressed
               the
               same
               by
               the
               blackest
               of
               Vsurpations
               ,
               the
               most
               unjust
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               the
               most
               unnatural
               of
               all
               Attempts
               ;
               which
               the
               Almighty
               God
               may
               for
               a
               Time
               permit
               ,
               and
               let
               the
               Wicked
               Prosper
               ,
               yet
               then
               must
               bring
               Confusion
               on
               such
               Workers
               of
               Iniquity
               .
               We
               further
               let
               you
               know
               ,
               That
               we
               will
               pardon
               all
               such
               as
               shall
               return
               to
               their
               Duty
               ,
               before
               the
               last
               Day
               of
               this
               Month
               ,
               inclusive
               ;
               and
               that
               We
               will
               punish
               with
               the
               Rigor
               of
               Our
               Laws
               ,
               all
               such
               as
               shall
               stand
               out
               in
               Rebellion
               against
               Vs
               or
               Our
               Authority
               .
            
             
               
                 Given
                 on
                 Board
                 the
                 
                   S.
                   Michael
                   ,
                
                 
                   March.
                   1.
                   1689.
                   
                
              
            
          
        
         
           
             A
             Jesuit
             ,
             who
             printed
             a
             small
             Paper
             ,
             under
             the
             Title
             of
          
           Advices
           given
           to
           his
           R.
           H.
           M.
           the
           Prince
           of
           
             Orange
             ,
          
           by
           one
           of
           his
           most
           faithful
           Servants
           .
           Your
           Emissaries
           (
           
             saith
             he
          
           )
           made
           use
           of
           the
           Mantle
           of
           Religion
           ,
           to
           create
           in
           the
           Minds
           of
           the
           People
           (
           of
           England
           )
           false
           Impressions
           ,
           of
           the
           Designs
           of
           the
           King
           their
           Master
           ;
           whilst
           they
           who
           knew
           the
           Bottom
           of
           the
           Business
           (
           
             the
             Jesuites
          
           )
           and
           his
           true
           Intentions
           as
           well
           as
           you
           ,
           are
           fully
           perswaded
           ,
           That
           this
           is
           a
           good
           Prince
           ,
           who
           desireth
           nothing
           but
           to
           pass
           the
           remainder
           of
           his
           Life
           in
           Peace
           ;
           and
           who
           would
           be
           well-contented
           to
           obtain
           from
           his
           Parliament
           ,
           the
           free
           Exercise
           of
           his
           own
           Religion
           ,
           without
           giving
           the
           least
           Disturbance
           to
           that
           which
           the
           greater
           part
           of
           his
           Subjects
           profess
           .
           It
           is
           not
           possible
           for
           you
           to
           take
           too
           much
           care
           to
           hinder
           this
           Truth
           from
           spreading
           it self
           amongst
           the
           People
           ,
           
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           Thus
           the
           late
           King
           promiseth
           and
           threatneth
           ;
           and
           the
           true
           hearted
           
             Jesuite
             ,
          
           who
           would
           not
           for
           the
           World
           speak
           one
           Tittle
           of
           Untruth
           ,
           to
           an
           Heretick
           of
           the
           first
           Magnitude
           ,
           voucheth
           for
           him
           ,
           and
           would
           make
           the
           whole
           Society
           ,
           that
           Holy
           Society
           ,
           which
           
           has
           so
           great
           an
           Influence
           over
           the
           Mind
           and
           Actions
           of
           that
           
             good
             Prince
             ,
             Garantee
          
           for
           the
           Performance
           of
           all
           these
           fine
           things
           :
           Nay
           ,
           I
           will
           undertake
           ,
           if
           the
           English
           Hereticks
           will
           once
           more
           put
           their
           Heads
           into
           the
           Yoke
           ,
           That
           
             Lewis
          
           the
           Fourteenth
           ,
           too
           ,
           shall
           pass
           his
           Royal
           Word
           and
           unquestionable
           Faith
           ,
           That
           
             James
          
           the
           Second
           shall
           ,
           for
           the
           future
           ,
           keep
           his
           Faith
           with
           them
           ,
           in
           spite
           of
           all
           the
           Canons
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             Rome
          
           to
           the
           contrary
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           he
           himself
           has
           his
           to
           his
           own
           Protestant
           Subjects
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Letter
             to
             the
          
           Convention
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           
             was
             dated
             on
             Board
             the
             S.
          
           Michael
           ,
           
             a
             French
             Ship
             ,
             then
             in
             the
             Road
             of
          
           Brest
           ;
           
             and
             the
             late
             King
             was
             then
             passing
             in
             her
             into
          
           Ireland
           ;
           
             where
             he
             arrived
             the
          
           12
           
             th
             of
          
           March
           
             at
          
           Kinsale
           ,
           
             with
             twelve
             French
             Men
             of
             War
             ,
             three
             Fire-ships
             and
             eight
             Merchant-Ships
             .
          
           Now
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           King's
           Promise
           of
           Pardon
           to
           those
           of
           
             Brandon
             ,
          
           several
           were
           indicted
           at
           the
           Assizes
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           thirty
           or
           forty
           of
           them
           fled
           and
           came
           to
           
             Bristol
             ;
          
           being
           frighted
           at
           the
           Bloody
           Proceedings
           against
           one
           Mr.
           
             Brown
          
           of
           
             Cork
             ,
          
           who
           was
           hanged
           ,
           drawn
           and
           quartered
           at
           the
           same
           Assizes
           .
           Several
           Petitions
           were
           also
           preferred
           for
           the
           Pardons
           of
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Southwel
          
           and
           Captain
           
             Mills
          
           and
           many
           others
           ,
           who
           being
           taken
           in
           their
           Way
           to
           the
           North
           ,
           were
           carried
           to
           
             Galloway
             ;
          
           and
           there
           tried
           and
           condemned
           to
           die
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           rejected
           their
           Petition
           ;
           but
           however
           ,
           reprieved
           them
           for
           three
           Weeks
           ,
           deferring
           it
           till
           his
           Arrival
           at
           
             Dublin
             ,
          
           to
           which
           Place
           he
           set
           forward
           on
           the
           21st
           of
           
             March.
             
          
        
         
           Nor
           was
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           Proceedings
           ,
           in
           that
           miserable
           Kingdom
           unlike
           this
           beginning
           ,
           all
           the
           
             English
          
           being
           plundered
           of
           all
           their
           Horses
           and
           Arms
           first
           ,
           then
           of
           their
           Cattle
           and
           Houshold-stuff
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           of
           their
           very
           Cloaths
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           be
           reduced
           to
           a
           necessity
           of
           perishing
           by
           Hunger
           ,
           Nakedness
           and
           Want
           ;
           and
           great
           numbers
           of
           them
           destroyed
           by
           pretended
           Legal
           Proceedings
           ,
           because
           they
           would
           not
           at
           first
           Summons
           open
           their
           Doors
           ,
           and
           suffer
           the
           Rabble
           to
           plunder
           them
           of
           all
           they
           had
           ;
           which
           I
           have
           had
           from
           some
           of
           my
           near
           Relations
           ,
           who
           fled
           on
           that
           account
           .
        
         
           The
           twenty
           fifth
           of
           
             March
          
           a
           Proclamation
           was
           issued
           by
           him
           for
           the
           sitting
           of
           a
           Parliament
           the
           7th
           of
           
             May
             ,
          
           at
           
             Dublin
             ,
          
           as
           it
           accordingly
           did
           :
           wherein
           they
           passed
           these
           Acts.
           
        
         
           
             I.
             An
             Act
             to
             levy
             20000l
             .
             a
             Month
             for
             13
             Months
             .
          
           
             II.
             For
             repealing
             the
             Act
             of
             Settlement
             ,
             and
             restoring
             old
             Preprietors
             .
          
           
             III.
             For
             Liberty
             of
             Conscience
             .
          
           
             
             IV.
             For
             taking
             off
             Penal
             Laws
             and
             Oaths
             .
          
           
             V.
             For
             taking
             off
             all
             Writs
             of
             Error
             and
             Appeals
             to
             
               England
               .
            
          
           
             VI.
             For
             taking
             off
             Valuation
             Money
             and
             other
             Rights
             from
             the
             Clergy
             .
          
           
             VII
             .
             For
             repealing
             the
             Act
             of
             the
             23d
             .
             of
             
               October
               ,
            
             1641.
             
          
           
             VIII
             .
             No
             benefit
             of
             Clergy
             for
             two
             Years
             .
          
           
             IX
             .
             All
             Patents
             for
             Offices
             void
             .
          
           
             X.
             
               Ireland
            
             to
             be
             independent
             of
             
               England
               .
            
          
        
         
           They
           seized
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           all
           the
           Protestants
           Estates
           who
           fled
           into
           
             England
             ;
          
           and
           all
           this
           they
           effected
           by
           the
           26th
           of
           
             June
             .
          
        
         
           
             1.
             
             After
             this
             they
             passed
             an
             Act
             for
             repealing
             
               Poyning's
            
             Law.
             
          
           
             2.
             
             Against
             counterfeiting
             Foreign
             Coins
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             And
             an
             Act
             for
             the
             attainting
             of
             many
             hundreds
             of
             the
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
             of
             
               Ireland
               ,
            
             who
             were
             fled
             to
             
               England
               .
            
          
        
         
           But
           the
           Town
           of
           
             London-Derry
          
           holding
           out
           ,
           and
           an
           Army
           being
           every
           Day
           expected
           from
           
             England
             ,
          
           the
           18th
           of
           
             July
          
           this
           Parliament
           was
           prorogued
           till
           
             October
             :
          
           And
           notwithstanding
           their
           Act
           for
           Liberty
           of
           Conscience
           ,
           and
           the
           dreadful
           Expectation
           of
           a
           sudden
           Revenge
           from
           
             England
             ,
          
           the
           Popish
           Clergy
           took
           possession
           of
           the
           Tithes
           and
           Church
           Revenues
           ;
           and
           many
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Clergy
           ,
           were
           clapt
           up
           in
           Prison
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           be
           sent
           into
           
             France
             .
          
        
         
           All
           that
           our
           discontented
           Party
           ,
           here
           in
           
             England
             ,
          
           have
           to
           say
           to
           all
           this
           is
           ,
           That
           we
           must
           not
           believe
           
             all
          
           is
           told
           ,
           as
           out
           of
           
             Ireland
             ;
          
           but
           they
           mean
           ,
           That
           we
           must
           believe
           
             nothing
             of
             it
             ,
          
           but
           call
           in
           King
           
             James
             ,
          
           and
           try
           if
           he
           will
           use
           us
           at
           the
           same
           rate
           .
        
         
           We
           have
           a
           Proverb
           ,
           That
           
             Experience
             is
             the
             Mistress
             of
             Fools
             ;
          
           and
           certainly
           none
           but
           such
           will
           come
           a
           second
           time
           under
           her
           Discipline
           ,
           when
           they
           have
           so
           lately
           tried
           it
           ;
           and
           see
           every
           Day
           hundreds
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           Gentry
           and
           Clergy
           of
           
             Ireland
          
           flee
           hither
           to
           save
           their
           Lives
           ,
           with
           the
           loss
           of
           all
           besides
           ,
           who
           agree
           very
           exactly
           one
           with
           another
           in
           these
           dreadful
           Stories
           .
        
         
           Now
           let
           it
           be
           considered
           ,
           That
           nothing
           was
           asked
           by
           the
           Bishops
           ,
           in
           their
           Proposals
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           Lords
           Spiritual
           and
           Temporal
           in
           their
           Petition
           of
           the
           17th
           of
           
             November
             ,
          
           but
           a
           free
           and
           legal
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           the
           redress
           of
           our
           Grievances
           ;
           and
           that
           this
           was
           the
           principal
           thing
           insisted
           on
           by
           the
           Prince
           of
           
             Orange
          
           in
           his
           Declaration
           ;
           
             viz.
          
           That
           a
           free
           and
           legal
           Parliament
           might
           settle
           and
           adjust
           all
           things
           in
           Difference
           or
           Dispute
           ;
           and
           that
           it
           was
           obstinately
           
           refused
           till
           the
           28
           
             th
          
           of
           that
           Month
           ,
           and
           then
           granted
           when
           it
           could
           be
           no
           longer
           denyed
           ,
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Army
           being
           then
           gone
           over
           to
           the
           Prince
           .
        
         
           
             Let
             also
             that
             Passage
             in
             the
             Proclamation
             of
             the
          
           30th
           of
           November
           
             be
             considered
             .
          
           For
           the
           reconciling
           all
           Publick
           breaches
           and
           obliterating
           the
           very
           Memory
           of
           all
           past
           Miscarriages
           ,
           We
           do
           hereby
           Exhort
           and
           kindly
           Admonish
           all
           our
           Subjects
           to
           dispose
           themselves
           to
           Elect
           such
           Persons
           ,
           for
           their
           Representatives
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           as
           may
           not
           be
           byassed
           by
           Prejudice
           ,
           or
           Passion
           ,
           but
           qualified
           with
           Parts
           ,
           Experience
           and
           Prudence
           proper
           for
           this
           Conjuncture
           ,
           and
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Ends
           and
           Purposes
           of
           this
           Our
           Gracious
           Proclamation
           .
           
             And
             after
             this
             ,
             that
             by
             his
             Message
             of
             the
          
           8th
           
             of
          
           December
           ,
           
             sent
             by
             the
             three
             Lords
             to
             the
             Prince
             of
          
           Orange
           ,
           
             He
             promised
             ,
          
           That
           he
           would
           consent
           to
           every
           thing
           that
           could
           be
           reasonably
           required
           for
           the
           security
           of
           those
           that
           came
           to
           it
           ;
           
             that
             is
             ,
             to
             the
             Parliament
             .
             And
             that
             the
          
           10th
           
             of
          
           December
           
             he
             sent
             for
             the
             Lord
             Mayor
             and
             Aldermen
             and
             Sheriffs
             of
          
           London
           
             to
          
           Whitehall
           ,
           
             and
             again
             passed
             his
             Word
             to
             them
             ,
             That
             though
             the
             Queen
             and
             Child
             were
             gone
             for
          
           France
           ,
           He
           would
           stay
           with
           them
           ;
           
             And
             though
             this
             Evening
             he
             received
             such
             an
             Answer
             from
             the
             Prince
             to
             his
             Proposals
             ,
             that
             he
             could
             not
             but
             acknowledge
             ,
          
           It
           was
           fairer
           than
           he
           could
           or
           did
           expect
           ;
           
             Yet
             after
             all
             these
             solemn
             ingagements
             he
             burnt
             the
             Writs
             for
             the
             Summoning
             a
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             went
             the
             very
             next
             Morning
             away
             for
          
           France
           ,
           
             as
             his
             Roman
             Catholick
             Friends
             had
             foretold
             he
             would
             above
             a
             fortnight
             before
             .
             And
             who
             accordingly
             sent
             a
             Letter
             to
             him
             whilst
             he
             was
             at
          
           Salisbury
           ,
           
             perswading
             him
             to
             come
             back
             from
             thence
             ,
             and
             withdraw
             himself
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
          
           and
           leave
           it
           in
           confusion
           ;
           Assuring
           him
           ,
           That
           within
           two
           years
           or
           less
           the
           Nation
           would
           be
           in
           such
           Disorder
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           come
           back
           and
           have
           his
           Ends
           of
           it
           :
           
             That
             is
             ,
             Ruine
             both
             our
             Civil
             Rights
             and
             our
             Religion
             .
          
        
         
           When
           all
           these
           solemn
           promises
           were
           thus
           easily
           broken
           ,
           or
           rather
           never
           intended
           to
           be
           kept
           at
           the
           very
           time
           they
           were
           made
           ,
           and
           all
           those
           he
           has
           since
           made
           have
           been
           violated
           in
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           where
           only
           he
           had
           power
           to
           keep
           or
           break
           his
           word
           ,
           what
           can
           we
           conclude
           ,
           but
           that
           ,
           as
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           told
           our
           Planters
           ,
           
             It
             is
             very
             undecent
             ,
             not
             to
             say
             undutiful
             ,
             to
             tax
          
           (
           this
           )
           
             King
             with
             his
             Promises
             ;
          
           Who
           of
           all
           Mankind
           has
           shewn
           the
           least
           regard
           in
           time
           past
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           for
           time
           to
           come
           can
           never
           be
           blamed
           for
           any
           breach
           ?
           the
           Parties
           that
           take
           his
           word
           being
           alone
           responsible
           for
           their
           Incorrigible
           folly
           .
        
         
         
           Some
           of
           these
           Men
           have
           confessed
           to
           me
           ,
           That
           if
           ever
           he
           be
           restored
           
             they
             expect
             to
             be
             treated
             as
             they
             were
             before
          
           (
           without
           Truth
           ,
           Justice
           or
           Mercy
           )
           but
           
             yet
             if
             it
             be
             his
             Right
             ,
             he
             must
             have
             it
             .
          
           And
           they
           cannot
           think
           his
           Right
           can
           be
           determined
           but
           by
           Death
           or
           a
           voluntary
           surrender
           ,
           or
           a
           Conquest
           made
           by
           meer
           Foreigners
           ,
           to
           the
           utter
           Ruine
           of
           the
           
             English
          
           Nation
           .
           And
           they
           will
           admit
           no
           Answer
           to
           these
           their
           Scruples
           ,
           but
           what
           shall
           be
           palpable
           ,
           convictive
           to
           that
           degree
           that
           they
           can
           make
           no
           Objection
           against
           it
           .
           Now
           if
           they
           admit
           all
           the
           dreadful
           consequences
           that
           attend
           this
           relapse
           ,
           and
           yield
           up
           both
           Church
           and
           Nation
           to
           certain
           and
           inevitable
           ruine
           ,
           only
           that
           they
           may
           not
           be
           damned
           for
           Perjury
           and
           Disobedience
           to
           a
           King
           that
           has
           left
           them
           when
           he
           might
           have
           staied
           ;
           and
           now
           offereth
           to
           return
           and
           do
           what
           he
           then
           refused
           ;
           What
           shall
           we
           also
           consent
           and
           sacrifice
           our selves
           and
           our
           Posterity
           to
           the
           humour
           or
           scruples
           of
           these
           Men
           ?
           Shall
           we
           suffer
           the
           
             English
          
           Church
           ,
           Liberties
           ,
           and
           the
           very
           People
           of
           
             England
          
           to
           be
           destroyed
           to
           gratifie
           two
           or
           three
           hundred
           persons
           ?
           I
           have
           been
           told
           from
           good
           hands
           ,
           
           That
           one
           of
           our
           Bishops
           said
           ,
           
             Though
             he
             could
             not
             satisfie
             his
             own
             Scruples
             ,
             yet
             he
             thought
             the
          
           English
           
             Nation
             fools
             if
             ever
             they
             suffered
             King
          
           James
           
             to
             return
             ;
          
           and
           I
           may
           from
           hence
           reasonably
           conclude
           the
           far
           greatest
           part
           of
           our
           Scruplers
           are
           satisfied
           in
           the
           main
           ,
           and
           do
           heartily
           wish
           they
           could
           also
           be
           of
           the
           same
           mind
           with
           the
           rest
           of
           their
           Brethren
           in
           the
           rest
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           cause
           is
           half
           obtained
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           shall
           finally
           persist
           will
           ,
           I
           hope
           ,
           not
           meet
           with
           much
           Compassion
           ,
           it
           being
           scarce
           possible
           there
           should
           not
           be
           a
           very
           great
           deal
           of
           Will
           in
           so
           much
           blindness
           .
        
         
           Our
           Neighbours
           abroad
           have
           observed
           
             with
             wonder
             ,
          
           
           
             That
          
           England
           
             was
             delivered
             from
             an
             Arbitrary
             Government
             ,
             which
             threatned
             the
             Ruine
             and
             Desolation
             of
             the
             whole
             Nation
             ,
             and
             the
             Destruction
             of
             our
             Religion
             ,
             without
             the
             shedding
             any
             of
             our
             Blood
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Army
             of
             our
          
           Deliverer
           
             has
             committed
             no
             Disorder
             or
             Rapine
             in
             any
             of
             our
             Places
             through
             which
             it
             passed
             .
          
           Now
           one
           would
           think
           the
           manner
           of
           our
           Deliverance
           were
           a
           Mercy
           almost
           equal
           to
           the
           Deliverance
           ;
           No
           ,
           they
           cry
           ,
           if
           King
           
             William
          
           the
           Third
           had
           entered
           
             England
          
           as
           
             William
          
           the
           First
           did
           ,
           and
           had
           slain
           fifty
           or
           sixty
           thousand
           
             English
          
           Men
           in
           a
           Battle
           ,
           then
           it
           had
           been
           a
           true
           Conquest
           ,
           and
           would
           have
           justified
           our
           submission
           ,
           and
           God
           would
           not
           have
           been
           offended
           with
           us
           if
           we
           had
           transferred
           our
           Allegiance
           from
           the
           beaten
           
             James
          
           to
           the
           Victorious
           King
           
             William
             .
          
           Now
           if
           Men
           were
           like
           Beasts
           ,
           altogether
           distitute
           of
           the
           use
           of
           Reason
           ,
           and
           capable
           
           of
           no
           Reflection
           but
           the
           terrour
           of
           a
           brandished
           and
           irresistable
           Sword
           ,
           then
           there
           might
           perhaps
           be
           some
           force
           in
           this
           reason
           :
           but
           if
           a
           Man
           is
           conquered
           whenever
           he
           is
           brought
           to
           submit
           to
           another
           ;
           the
           Noblest
           as
           well
           as
           the
           most
           effectual
           Conquest
           is
           that
           of
           the
           Pen
           ;
           Swords
           conquer
           Bodies
           only
           ,
           Reason
           and
           Interest
           ,
           Justice
           and
           Mercy
           ,
           subdue
           Souls
           too
           ,
           and
           at
           once
           bring
           the
           whole
           Man
           under
           ;
           whereas
           Brutish
           force
           can
           triumph
           over
           none
           but
           the
           brutish
           half
           of
           a
           Man.
           A
           Lyon
           or
           a
           Woolf
           may
           master
           my
           Body
           and
           bring
           me
           under
           his
           power
           ,
           so
           that
           I
           neither
           can
           nor
           durst
           resist
           him
           ;
           but
           none
           but
           an
           Hero
           can
           bring
           me
           to
           a
           willing
           Submission
           when
           I
           am
           free
           ,
           none
           but
           an
           Hero
           would
           with
           his
           own
           hazard
           deliver
           me
           from
           Slavery
           when
           I
           were
           oppress'd
           .
           St.
           
             Peter
          
           saith
           ,
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           .
           
             By
             whom
             a
             Man
             is
             overcome
             ,
             him
             he
             must
             serve
             ;
             That
             is
             ,
             he
             cannot
             resist
             him
             ;
          
           and
           it
           is
           as
           true
           ,
           
             he
             whom
             I
             neither
             can
             nor
             durst
             resist
             ,
             has
             conquered
             me
             .
          
           When
           
             James
          
           the
           Second
           was
           desired
           to
           leave
           
             Whitehall
          
           and
           go
           to
           
             Ham
             ;
          
           and
           sent
           to
           his
           now
           Majesty
           
             for
             leave
             to
             go
             rather
             to
          
           Rochester
           ,
           
             than
             to
             any
             other
             place
             ;
          
           It
           was
           a
           plain
           Confession
           he
           was
           no
           longer
           Free
           ,
           
             i.
             e.
          
           That
           
             he
             was
             brought
             into
             bondage
             ,
          
           and
           consequently
           that
           he
           was
           
             conquered
             :
          
           if
           Conquest
           be
           nothing
           but
           the
           
             depriving
             a
             Man
             of
             the
             power
             of
             resisting
             ,
          
           as
           I
           take
           it
           to
           be
           ;
           and
           that
           
             Servitude
          
           or
           
             Bondage
          
           is
           nothing
           but
           the
           effect
           of
           that
           deprivation
           .
           And
           in
           his
           Letter
           from
           
             Rochester
          
           he
           saith
           ,
           
             He
             did
             not
             think
             it
             convenient
             to
             expose
             himself
             to
             be
             secured
             so
             as
             not
             to
             be
             at
             liberty
             to
             effect
             it
             (
             to
             redeem
             the
             Nation
             from
             Slavery
             )
             and
             for
             that
             reason
             to
             withdraw
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           That
           is
           ,
           he
           left
           
             England
             ,
          
           because
           as
           long
           as
           he
           staied
           in
           it
           he
           was
           a
           Captive
           and
           liable
           to
           be
           
             secured
             .
          
           And
           by
           consequence
           he
           was
           conquered
           .
           The
           Roman
           Catholicks
           too
           ,
           and
           those
           few
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           who
           still
           adhere
           to
           him
           ,
           were
           conquered
           by
           force
           of
           Arms
           ;
           for
           they
           durst
           not
           resist
           ,
           nay
           they
           durst
           not
           Print
           the
           Reasons
           why
           they
           will
           not
           comply
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           plain
           Confession
           they
           are
           subdued
           .
           The
           rest
           of
           the
           Nation
           too
           was
           conquered
           not
           by
           the
           Sword
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           Justice
           of
           his
           Arms
           ;
           and
           his
           Kindness
           to
           a
           miserable
           enslaved
           People
           designed
           for
           Ruine
           .
           And
           after
           all
           this
           ,
           to
           query
           whether
           it
           is
           a
           real
           Conquest
           ,
           is
           very
           absurd
           .
        
         
           But
           every
           Conquest
           will
           perhaps
           not
           create
           a
           just
           and
           good
           Title
           ,
           but
           here
           it
           is
           confessed
           the
           present
           King
           had
           the
           most
           just
           cause
           to
           make
           a
           War
           upon
           
             James
          
           the
           Second
           ,
           that
           ever
           Man
           had
           ,
           by
           them
           who
           scruple
           to
           submit
           to
           him
           ;
           He
           managed
           this
           
           War
           also
           with
           the
           utmost
           justice
           ,
           he
           did
           not
           enter
           into
           it
           till
           he
           had
           tried
           all
           other
           ways
           to
           obtain
           Justice
           ,
           and
           was
           denied
           it
           and
           persecuted
           into
           boot
           ,
           he
           offered
           to
           submit
           all
           his
           pretences
           to
           an
           
             English
          
           Parliament
           :
           and
           when
           that
           was
           rejected
           he
           managed
           the
           War
           with
           so
           exact
           a
           disciplie
           ,
           with
           so
           little
           injury
           to
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           that
           the
           want
           of
           the
           effects
           of
           War
           ,
           Blood
           and
           Rapine
           ,
           is
           objected
           against
           his
           Victory
           .
        
         
           Every
           Man
           has
           not
           the
           Right
           of
           making
           a
           Conquest
           :
           
             a
             Subject
          
           that
           rebels
           against
           his
           Prince
           is
           but
           a
           Victorious
           Traytor
           if
           he
           prevail
           ;
           but
           
             William
          
           the
           Third
           was
           a
           Sovereign
           Prince
           when
           he
           entered
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           Nations
           had
           a
           right
           to
           vindicate
           his
           ,
           and
           his
           Ladies
           Injuries
           ,
           and
           obtain
           by
           the
           Sword
           ,
           what
           he
           could
           not
           get
           by
           a
           fair
           Treaty
           .
        
         
           But
           to
           what
           end
           is
           War
           allowed
           at
           all
           ,
           if
           the
           Cause
           and
           the
           Effect
           must
           be
           separated
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           just
           War
           in
           the
           end
           leave
           the
           Conqueror
           in
           the
           same
           state
           he
           was
           before
           ?
           No
           ,
           but
           all
           Subjects
           ,
           Right
           or
           Wrong
           ,
           are
           bound
           to
           stand
           by
           their
           Lawful
           Princes
           in
           their
           most
           unjust
           Quarrels
           :
           and
           if
           at
           last
           they
           are
           subdued
           ,
           their
           Allegiance
           must
           be
           reserved
           for
           the
           injurious
           beaten
           Prince
           till
           he
           die
           or
           freely
           resign
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           Victorious
           Sovereign
           Prince
           and
           a
           Prosperous
           Rebel
           ,
           and
           a
           just
           and
           an
           unjust
           War
           ,
           shall
           ,
           according
           to
           these
           Men's
           Notion
           ,
           have
           the
           same
           effect
           .
        
         
           
             Evagrius
             ,
          
           in
           his
           Apology
           for
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           against
           
             Zozimus
          
           the
           Pagan
           Historian
           ,
           
           thus
           bespeaks
           him
           :
           
             Let
             us
             ,
             if
             you
             please
             Sir
             ,
             consider
             the
             ends
             of
             those
             Princes
             who
             imbraced
             the
             Pagan
             Superstition
             ,
             and
             the
             Deaths
             of
             those
             Princes
             that
             were
             Christians
             .
             Did
             not
             
               Caius
               Julius
               Caesar
            
             the
             first
             of
             them
             that
             obtained
             the
             Empire
             of
             
               Rome
               ,
            
             perish
             by
             Treachery
             ?
             And
             was
             not
             
               Caius
               Caligula
            
             Murthered
             by
             his
             own
             Souldiers
             ?
             Was
             not
             
               Nero
            
             slain
             by
             one
             of
             his
             own
             Servants
             ?
             Did
             not
             
               Galba
               ,
               Otho
            
             and
             
               Vitellius
            
             all
             perish
             by
             the
             Sword
             in
             the
             space
             of
             sixteen
             Months
             ?
             Did
             not
             
               Domitian
            
             poison
             his
             Brother
             
               Titus
               ,
            
             and
             then
             he
             himself
             fall
             by
             the
             Sword
             of
             one
             
               Stephanus
               ?
            
             What
             will
             you
             say
             of
             
               Commodus
               ?
            
             Did
             not
             
               Narcissus
            
             lay
             violent
             hands
             upon
             him
             ?
             And
             did
             not
             
               Pertinax
            
             and
             
               Julian
            
             fall
             by
             the
             same
             means
             ?
             
               Antoninus
               ,
            
             the
             Son
             of
             
               Severus
               ,
            
             slew
             
               Geta
            
             his
             Brother
             ,
             and
             soon
             after
             fell
             by
             the
             Sword
             of
             
               Martialis
            
             himself
             .
             Was
             not
             
               Macrinus
            
             the
             Emperour
             taken
             Captive
             by
             his
             own
             Souldiers
             ,
             and
             being
             led
             about
             the
             Streets
             of
             
               Byzantium
            
             afterwards
             ,
             was
             he
             not
             most
             Traiterously
             slain
             by
             them
             ?
             
               Aurelius
               Antoninus
            
             the
             Emperour
             who
             was
             born
             at
             
               Emisa
               ,
            
             a
             City
             of
             
               Syria
               ,
            
             was
             slain
             with
             his
             Mother
             .
             To
             what
             end
             should
             I
             speak
             of
             
               Maximinus
               ,
            
             who
             was
             slain
             by
             his
             
             own
             Souldiers
             ?
             Of
             
               Gordian
               ,
            
             who
             fell
             by
             the
             Swords
             of
             his
             too
             who
             were
             stirred
             up
             to
             it
             by
             
               Philip
               ?
            
             And
             were
             not
             
               Philip
            
             and
             
               Decius
            
             both
             slain
             by
             their
             Foreign
             Enemies
             ?
             
               Gallus
            
             and
             
               Velusianus
            
             by
             their
             own
             Armies
             ?
             And
             had
             not
             
               Aemilian
            
             the
             same
             Fate
             ?
             Was
             not
             
               Valerian
            
             taken
             prisoner
             ,
             and
             carried
             about
             by
             the
             
               Persians
            
             till
             he
             died
             ?
             Was
             not
             
               Galienus
               ,
            
             the
             Son
             of
             
               Valerian
               ,
            
             slain
             by
             Treachery
             ,
             and
             
               Carinus
            
             beheaded
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             Empire
             fell
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             
               Dioclesian
            
             and
             those
             he
             associated
             to
             him
             in
             the
             Empire
             ;
             of
             which
             
               Maximianus
               Herculius
               ,
            
             and
             his
             Son
             
               Maxentius
            
             and
             
               Licinius
            
             all
             fell
             by
             the
             Sword
             ?
             But
             from
             the
             time
             
               Constantine
               ,
            
             a
             Christian
             Prince
             ,
             became
             Emperour
             ,
             to
             this
             ,
             see
             if
             you
             can
             find
             any
             one
             who
             has
             reigned
             in
             
               Constantinople
               ,
            
             except
             
               Julian
            
             the
             Apostate
             and
             
               Valens
            
             the
             Emperour
             ,
             who
             have
             fallen
             by
             the
             hands
             of
             their
             own
             Subjects
             or
             of
             Foreigners
             ,
             who
             both
             so
             grieviously
             afflicted
             the
             Christians
             ;
             nor
             has
             any
             Tyrant
             usurped
             against
             any
             of
             our
             Princes
             except
             
               Basiliscus
               ,
            
             who
             rose
             up
             against
             
               Zeno
            
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             drove
             him
             from
             his
             Palace
             ;
             but
             was
             afterwards
             overcome
             by
             
               Zeno
               ,
            
             and
             put
             to
             death
             .
             You
             cannot
             assign
             any
             other
             Emperor
             ,
             but
             these
             two
             ,
             that
             was
             slain
             in
             all
             this
             time
             .
             This
             happened
             in
             the
             Year
             of
             Christ
             476.
             
             And
             
               Licinius
            
             was
             put
             to
             death
             in
             the
             Year
             325.
             
          
           So
           that
           in
           the
           space
           of
           151.
           
           Years
           no
           Christian
           Prince
           had
           been
           Deposed
           or
           Murthered
           by
           Domestick
           or
           Foreign
           Enemies
           in
           the
           
             East
             :
          
           And
           whereas
           ,
           I
           observed
           before
           in
           the
           latter
           times
           of
           the
           Pagan
           Superstition
           ,
           in
           the
           space
           of
           110.
           
           Years
           ,
           there
           were
           twenty
           nine
           Emperors
           in
           this
           period
           ,
           which
           makes
           151
           Years
           ,
           there
           was
           but
           twelve
           ,
           of
           which
           number
           
             Julian
          
           and
           
             Valens
          
           were
           cut
           off
           by
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           for
           Persecuting
           his
           Church
           .
           Now
           the
           force
           of
           all
           this
           Argument
           lies
           in
           this
           ,
           
           That
           the
           Providence
           of
           God
           watcheth
           over
           Pious
           Princes
           to
           preserve
           them
           from
           Violence
           :
           and
           as
           he
           suffereth
           not
           persecuting
           Princes
           to
           end
           their
           daies
           in
           Peace
           ,
           he
           looks
           graciously
           upon
           his
           Servants
           to
           preserve
           their
           Souls
           from
           violence
           and
           wrong
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           such
           .
           But
           if
           it
           is
           said
           he
           has
           suffered
           some
           good
           Princes
           to
           be
           oppressed
           as
           he
           did
           
             Henry
          
           the
           Sixth
           and
           
             Charles
          
           the
           First
           ;
           I
           say
           the
           Judgments
           of
           God
           are
           sometimes
           unscrutable
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           have
           any
           hand
           in
           such
           Actions
           ,
           shall
           doubtlessly
           be
           responsible
           for
           it
           .
           But
           as
           for
           those
           who
           are
           meerly
           passive
           ,
           as
           they
           could
           not
           hinder
           the
           ill
           things
           that
           happened
           in
           their
           times
           ,
           they
           may
           and
           ought
           to
           commit
           them
           to
           God
           ;
           who
           in
           his
           due
           time
           will
           punish
           all
           unjust
           Usurpers
           ,
           either
           in
           their
           Persons
           or
           in
           their
           Posterity
           .
        
         
         
           But
           then
           this
           new
           Doctrine
           of
           standing
           by
           wicked
           persecuting
           Princes
           ,
           to
           the
           apparent
           and
           visible
           Ruine
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           of
           those
           that
           imbrace
           it
           ,
           was
           never
           heard
           of
           in
           the
           Church
           before
           ,
           was
           never
           taught
           or
           practised
           by
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           ;
           and
           is
           not
           any
           part
           of
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Passive
           Obedience
           or
           Non-resistance
           :
           As
           they
           would
           not
           rebel
           against
           their
           Princes
           ,
           how
           wicked
           or
           cruel
           soever
           they
           were
           ;
           so
           neither
           would
           they
           against
           God
           ,
           whose
           only
           Right
           it
           is
           to
           dispose
           of
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           the
           World
           ;
           without
           whose
           Approbation
           as
           well
           as
           Permission
           ,
           no
           Force
           ever
           did
           ,
           or
           ever
           shall
           ,
           prevail
           ;
           who
           when
           he
           pleases
           punisheth
           the
           Wicked
           ,
           and
           when
           he
           pleaseth
           pulls
           down
           not
           only
           unjust
           Usurpers
           ,
           but
           those
           who
           have
           the
           justest
           Title
           .
           
           The
           great
           
             Thuanus
          
           makes
           this
           Reflection
           on
           the
           Deposition
           of
           
             Christian
          
           the
           Second
           ,
           King
           of
           
             Denmark
             if
             Princes
             will
             Reign
             well
             and
             happily
             ,
             they
             must
             govern
             their
             Affections
             ,
             and
             not
             out
             of
             a
             violent
             lust
             of
             insulting
             over
             their
             Subjects
             give
             up
             themselves
             to
             the
             Conduct
             of
             their
             Passions
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             they
             ought
             to
             assure
             themselves
             ,
             God
             is
             a
             severe
             revenger
             ,
             alway
             ready
             and
             delighting
             to
             pluck
             off
             their
             Thrones
             the
             most
             Proud
             and
             Insolent
             who
             shall
             abuse
             that
             Power
             he
             has
             intrusted
             them
             with
             .
          
           Nor
           is
           this
           less
           true
           of
           lawful
           Princes
           ,
           than
           of
           unlawful
           Usurpers
           ,
           no
           Title
           can
           exempt
           a
           Prince
           from
           being
           responsible
           to
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           he
           will
           use
           his
           Power
           as
           he
           thinks
           fit
           ,
           and
           punish
           one
           Man
           after
           one
           manner
           ,
           and
           another
           in
           another
           ;
           some
           in
           this
           World
           ,
           and
           others
           in
           the
           next
           ;
           and
           the
           Church
           in
           the
           best
           of
           times
           accordingly
           left
           it
           to
           him
           to
           dispose
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           World
           :
           and
           as
           she
           did
           not
           anticipate
           his
           Judgments
           by
           disturbing
           the
           Peace
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           whatsoever
           she
           suffered
           ;
           so
           neither
           did
           she
           think
           her self
           more
           wise
           or
           just
           than
           he
           ,
           but
           submitted
           to
           those
           he
           was
           pleased
           in
           his
           Providence
           to
           set
           over
           her
           ;
           and
           would
           certainly
           have
           been
           very
           thankful
           for
           such
           a
           Deliverance
           as
           we
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
          
           have
           had
           ,
           by
           the
           Ministery
           of
           our
           King
           ,
           who
           like
           another
           
             Constantine
          
           has
           delivered
           us
           out
           of
           the
           hands
           of
           our
           Enemies
           ,
           who
           designed
           to
           enslave
           and
           ruine
           us
           and
           our
           Posterity
           for
           ever
           .
        
         
           The
           Primitive
           Church
           in
           the
           best
           times
           took
           the
           words
           of
           St.
           
             Paul
          
           in
           their
           plain
           and
           literal
           sense
           ,
           
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           .
           
             The
             powers
             that
             are
             ,
          
           (
           i.
           e.
           in
           Possession
           )
           
             are
             ordained
             or
             ordered
             of
             God.
          
           They
           never
           formalize
           or
           make
           any
           Exception
           ,
           but
           Conquest
           ,
           Election
           ,
           Usurpation
           ,
           were
           to
           them
           all
           alike
           ,
           if
           once
           the
           Man
           was
           Established
           in
           the
           Throne
           ;
           And
           whereas
           they
           so
           frequently
           affirm
           ,
           Empires
           are
           given
           by
           God
           ,
           according
           to
           that
           of
           
             Tertullian
             ,
             Apolog.
             cap.
             XXX
             .
             We
             Invocate
             for
             the
             Preservation
             of
             the
             
             Emperors
             ,
             the
             Eternal
             ,
             True
             ,
             Living
             God
             ,
             him
             whom
             the
             Emperors
             themselves
             would
             wish
             propitious
             above
             all
             others
             ,
             for
             they
             know
             who
             gave
             them
             the
             Empire
             (
             they
             know
             it
             as
             Men
             ,
             )
             and
             who
             ga●e
             them
             their
             breath
             .
             They
             feelingly
             know
             that
             he
             i●
             the
             only
             God
             in
             whose
             Power
             they
             only
             are
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           There
           is
           no
           power
           but
           that
           of
           God
           that
           can
           touch
           the
           Person
           ,
           the
           Power
           or
           the
           Life
           of
           any
           Prince
           .
           Thus
           
             Soz.
          
           in
           his
           Ecclesiastical
           History
           ,
           
             Lib.
             VI.
             c.
          
           35.
           reprehends
           the
           vanity
           of
           the
           Pagan
           Philosophers
           who
           had
           been
           too
           Inquisitive
           to
           find
           who
           should
           succeed
           
             Valens
             ;
          
           and
           the
           over
           great
           severity
           of
           that
           Prince
           in
           Executing
           many
           who
           had
           no
           hand
           in
           it
           ,
           because
           their
           Names
           began
           with
           the
           Letters
           pretended
           to
           be
           discovered
           .
           
             If
          
           (
           saith
           he
           )
           
             these
             things
             are
             once
             agreed
             to
             depend
          
           (
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           )
           
             on
             the
             Motion
             or
             Course
             of
             the
             Stars
             ,
             we
             ought
             to
             expect
          
           (
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           )
           
             The
             Prince
             that
             is
             thus
             decreed
             for
             us
             ,
             whosoever
             it
             is
             :
             But
             if
             these
             things
             are
             ordered
             by
             the
             counsel
             of
             God
             ,
             why
             do
             Men
             prie
             curiously
             into
             them
             ;
             for
             the
             fore-sight
             or
             endeavours
             of
             Men
             can
             never
             find
             out
             the
             Will
             of
             God.
             And
             if
             is
             were
             possible
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             fit
             to
             be
             done
             ,
             because
             the
             wisest
             of
             Men
             cannot
             order
             them
          
           (
           the
           succession
           of
           Princes
           )
           
             better
             than
             God.
          
           The
           Ancient
           Fathers
           and
           Primitive
           Christians
           do
           every
           where
           ascribe
           the
           Setting
           up
           and
           Pulling
           down
           of
           Princes
           to
           God
           only
           ,
           as
           they
           do
           Raine
           and
           other
           such
           things
           ;
           and
           you
           shall
           never
           find
           any
           Exception
           ,
           of
           lawful
           ,
           or
           unlawful
           Powers
           ,
           that
           were
           supreme
           in
           Fact
           in
           the
           Writings
           of
           the
           first
           Ages
           .
           To
           this
           purpose
           ,
           see
           that
           Passage
           of
           St.
           
             Augustin
             De
             Civitate
             Dei
             ,
             lib.
             V.
             c.
          
           21.
           cited
           above
           .
        
         
           Some
           have
           alledged
           in
           answer
           to
           this
           ,
           That
           we
           in
           
             England
          
           are
           under
           other
           Circumstances
           than
           the
           Primitive
           Church
           were
           ,
           both
           in
           Relation
           to
           our
           Laws
           and
           our
           Oaths
           ;
           for
           the
           Law
           ,
           Sir
           
             Edward
             Coke
          
           in
           his
           Pleas
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           Chap.
           1.
           p.
           7.
           saith
           ,
           upon
           the
           25
           
             E.
             3.
             c.
             2.
             
             
               This
               Statute
               is
               to
               be
               understood
            
          
           of
           a
           King
           in
           Possession
           of
           the
           Crown
           and
           Kingdom
           ;
           
             for
             if
          
           there
           be
           a
           King
           Regnant
           in
           Possession
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           although
           he
           be
           
             Rex
             de
             facto
             &
             non
             de
             jure
             ;
          
           yet
           he
           is
           
             Seignior
             le
             Roy
             within
             the
             Purvieu
          
           of
           this
           Statute
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           that
           
             hath
             Right
          
           and
           is
           out
           of
           Possession
           ,
           is
           not
           within
           this
           Act.
           Nay
           ,
           If
           Treason
           be
           committed
           against
           a
           King
           
             de
             facto
             &
             non
             de
             jure
             ,
             and
          
           after
           the
           King
           
             de
             jure
          
           cometh
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           he
           shall
           
             Punish
          
           the
           Treason
           done
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           
             de
             facto
             .
             And
             a
          
           Pardon
           granted
           by
           a
           King
           
             de
             jure
             ,
          
           that
           is
           not
           also
           
             de
             facto
             ,
          
           is
           void
           ,
           for
           which
           he
           cites
           11
           
             H.
             7.
             c.
             1.
             4
             
             E.
             4.
             1.
             1
             
             Ed.
          
           4.
           1
           ,
           2.
           
        
         
         
           The
           words
           of
           the
           Statute
           are
           as
           followeth
           .
        
         
           The
           King
           our
           Sovereign
           Lord
           calling
           to
           his
           remembrance
           the
           Duty
           of
           Allegiance
           of
           his
           Subjects
           of
           this
           Realm
           ,
           
           and
           that
           they
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           same
           are
           bound
           to
           serve
           their
           Prince
           and
           Sovereign
           Lord
           for
           the
           time
           being
           in
           his
           Wars
           ,
           for
           the
           Defence
           of
           him
           and
           the
           Land
           ,
           against
           every
           Rebellion
           ,
           Power
           and
           Might
           reared
           against
           him
           ,
           and
           with
           him
           to
           enter
           and
           abide
           in
           service
           in
           Battel
           ,
           if
           case
           so
           require
           ;
           (
           2
           )
           and
           that
           for
           the
           same
           service
           what
           fortune
           ever
           fall
           by
           chance
           in
           the
           same
           Battle
           against
           the
           Mind
           and
           Will
           of
           the
           Prince
           (
           as
           in
           this
           Land
           some
           time
           passed
           hath
           been
           seen
           )
           that
           it
           is
           not
           reasonable
           ,
           but
           against
           all
           Law
           ,
           Reason
           ,
           and
           good
           Conscience
           ,
           that
           the
           said
           Subjects
           going
           with
           their
           Sovereign
           Lord
           in
           Wars
           ,
           attending
           upon
           him
           in
           his
           Person
           ,
           or
           being
           in
           other
           places
           by
           his
           commandment
           within
           this
           Land
           or
           without
           ,
           any
           thing
           should
           lose
           or
           forfeit
           for
           doing
           their
           true
           Duty
           and
           Service
           of
           Allegiance
           ,
           
             &c
             —
          
           That
           for
           the
           said
           deed
           and
           true
           Duty
           of
           Allegiance
           he
           or
           they
           be
           in
           no
           wise
           Convict
           or
           Attaint
           of
           high
           Treason
           ,
           ne
           of
           other
           Offences
           for
           that
           cause
           by
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           or
           otherwise
           by
           any
           Process
           of
           Law
           whereby
           he
           or
           any
           of
           them
           shall
           lose
           or
           forfeit
           Life
           ,
           Lands
           ,
           Tenements
           ,
           
             &c.
          
           or
           any
           other
           things
           ,
           but
           to
           be
           for
           that
           Deed
           and
           Service
           utterly
           discharged
           of
           any
           vexation
           ,
           trouble
           or
           loss
           .
           And
           if
           any
           Act
           or
           Acts
           or
           other
           Process
           of
           the
           Law
           hereafter
           thereupon
           for
           the
           same
           happen
           to
           be
           made
           contrary
           to
           this
           Ordinance
           ,
           that
           then
           that
           Act
           or
           Acts
           or
           other
           Process
           of
           the
           Law
           ,
           whatsoever
           they
           shall
           be
           ,
           stand
           and
           be
           utterly
           void
           .
           (
           5
           )
           Provided
           always
           that
           no
           Person
           or
           Persons
           shall
           take
           any
           Benefit
           or
           Advantage
           by
           this
           Act
           which
           shall
           hereafter
           decline
           from
           his
           or
           their
           said
           Allegiance
           .
        
         
         
           Which
           is
           to
           be
           understood
           of
           the
           King
           in
           being
           ,
           as
           the
           rest
           is
           ,
           and
           against
           the
           same
           King.
           To
           this
           Statute
           it
           is
           alledged
           ,
           That
           the
           Title
           of
           the
           Crown
           was
           then
           so
           ambiguous
           and
           uncertain
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           hard
           to
           know
           where
           the
           Right
           lay
           ;
           which
           is
           a
           meer
           Cavil
           .
           The
           Title
           was
           as
           well
           known
           then
           as
           it
           is
           now
           ,
           and
           is
           a
           thing
           of
           that
           Nature
           ,
           that
           it
           can
           never
           be
           universally
           known
           ;
           but
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           Mankind
           take
           those
           that
           are
           set
           over
           them
           ,
           without
           further
           inquiry
           ;
           nor
           is
           it
           reasonable
           any
           Man
           should
           suffer
           for
           obeying
           them
           whom
           he
           cannot
           nor
           ought
           to
           resist
           :
           So
           that
           what
           some
           have
           said
           ,
           That
           every
           one
           is
           bound
           to
           take
           notice
           of
           the
           right
           Title
           at
           his
           Peril
           is
           true
           ,
           if
           the
           Person
           is
           in
           Possession
           ,
           but
           false
           if
           he
           is
           out
           of
           Possession
           .
        
         
           Conquest
           ,
           a
           voluntary
           Surrender
           ,
           and
           a
           wilful
           Desertion
           of
           a
           Crown
           ,
           will
           put
           an
           End
           to
           the
           best
           founded
           Title
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           as
           I
           think
           is
           universally
           agreed
           ;
           so
           that
           if
           the
           Party
           pretending
           ,
           has
           a
           Title
           ,
           why
           is
           he
           not
           in
           Possession
           too
           ?
           if
           he
           is
           outed
           by
           his
           own
           Act
           ,
           I
           am
           absolved
           ;
           if
           by
           the
           Force
           and
           Power
           of
           another
           ,
           why
           then
           ,
           he
           is
           conquered
           :
           and
           both
           waies
           (
           especially
           if
           I
           had
           no
           hand
           in
           it
           )
           I
           am
           ,
           and
           ought
           to
           be
           absolved
           before
           God
           and
           Man.
           
        
         
           But
           then
           not
           only
           the
           three
           Estates
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           but
           all
           the
           Princes
           and
           Sovereign
           States
           in
           Christendom
           (
           except
           the
           King
           of
           
             France
          
           )
           have
           allowed
           King
           
             William
          
           and
           Queen
           
             Mary
             ,
          
           as
           the
           rightful
           Sovereigns
           of
           
             England
             ;
          
           which
           is
           a
           kind
           of
           giving
           Judgment
           against
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           after
           hearing
           what
           has
           been
           alledged
           on
           both
           sides
           .
           So
           that
           this
           Case
           is
           determined
           by
           all
           the
           ways
           that
           are
           possible
           ;
           and
           must
           absolve
           any
           Man
           that
           submits
           now
           to
           that
           which
           is
           the
           only
           Supreme
           Power
           in
           
             England
             .
          
        
         
           As
           to
           the
           
             Oaths
          
           taken
           to
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           they
           create
           no
           new
           Obligation
           upon
           us
           as
           to
           the
           Extent
           or
           Duration
           of
           our
           Allegiance
           ;
           I
           was
           under
           the
           same
           Obligations
           of
           Allegiance
           ,
           before
           I
           was
           sworn
           ,
           as
           I
           was
           afterwards
           ;
           and
           every
           Subject
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           oweth
           ,
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           a
           natural
           Allegiance
           to
           his
           Prince
           before
           he
           is
           sworn
           ,
           as
           every
           Man
           ows
           naturally
           Obedience
           to
           God
           ,
           before
           he
           entreth
           into
           the
           Baptismal
           Covenant
           :
           And
           so
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           were
           under
           the
           same
           Obligation
           to
           their
           Princes
           we
           are
           ,
           tho'
           I
           do
           not
           find
           they
           ever
           swore
           any
           Allegiance
           to
           them
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           This
           Allegiance
           is
           no
           everlasting
           Obligation
           as
           to
           time
           ;
           Death
           ,
           a
           voluntary
           Resignation
           ,
           a
           wilful
           Desertion
           ,
           or
           a
           lawful
           Conquest
           will
           put
           an
           End
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           
           It
           is
           no
           wild
           ,
           unlimited
           Obedience
           ,
           whilst
           it
           lasteth
           ,
           but
           is
           plainly
           limited
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           God
           and
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           and
           
           if
           I
           obey
           further
           actively
           ,
           I
           am
           responsible
           to
           God
           and
           Man
           for
           it
           .
        
         
           
             I
             come
             now
             to
             the
             Words
             of
             the
             Oaths
             ,
             which
             may
             seem
             to
             create
             any
             Scruple
             ;
             which
             in
             the
             Oath
             of
             Supremacy
             I
             suppose
             may
             be
             these
             .
          
           I
           do
           promise
           that
           from
           henceforth
           I
           shall
           bear
           Faith
           and
           true
           Allegiance
           to
           the
           King's
           Highness
           ,
           his
           Heirs
           and
           Lawful
           Successors
           (
           
             and
             to
             my
             Power
          
           )
           shall
           assist
           and
           defend
           all
           Jurisdictions
           ,
           Priviledges
           ,
           Preheminences
           and
           Authorities
           granted
           or
           belonging
           to
           the
           King's
           Highness
           ,
           his
           Heirs
           and
           Successors
           ,
           or
           united
           and
           annexed
           to
           the
           Imperial
           Crown
           of
           this
           Realm
           .
        
         
           Where
           first
           I
           observe
           ,
           No
           Man
           is
           bound
           beyond
           
             his
             Power
             ,
          
           but
           that
           all
           those
           who
           stuck
           to
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           till
           he
           left
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           another
           took
           Possession
           of
           his
           Place
           ,
           are
           thereby
           disabled
           and
           freed
           from
           attempting
           any
           further
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           the
           Authorities
           I
           am
           to
           defend
           are
           such
           only
           as
           belong
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           
             England
          
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           
             England
             ;
          
           which
           are
           to
           limit
           my
           Allegiance
           ;
           but
           by
           the
           Law
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           my
           Allegiance
           is
           now
           transferred
           to
           another
           ,
           and
           cannot
           be
           due
           to
           two
           in
           opposition
           each
           to
           other
           ;
           so
           that
           if
           I
           persist
           in
           my
           Allegiance
           to
           
             James
          
           II.
           I
           am
           punishable
           by
           these
           very
           Laws
           ;
           therefore
           my
           Allegiance
           ,
           which
           was
           a
           legal
           Allegiance
           is
           determined
           .
        
         
           That
           in
           the
           Oath
           of
           Allegiance
           ,
           which
           may
           be
           objected
           ,
           is
           this
           ,
        
         
           I
           will
           bear
           Faith
           and
           true
           Allegiance
           to
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           his
           Heirs
           and
           Successors
           ,
           and
           him
           and
           them
           will
           defend
           ,
           to
           the
           
             uttermost
             of
             my
             Power
             ,
          
           against
           all
           Conspiracies
           and
           Attempts
           whatsoever
           ,
           which
           shall
           be
           made
           against
           his
           or
           their
           Persons
           ,
           their
           Crown
           and
           Dignity
           ,
           by
           reason
           or
           colour
           of
           any
           such
           Sentence
           or
           otherwise
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           Now
           this
           Oath
           ,
           which
           binds
           us
           to
           the
           Person
           ,
           as
           the
           other
           did
           to
           the
           Power
           ,
           is
           capable
           of
           the
           same
           Limitation
           ,
           and
           is
           to
           be
           limited
           both
           as
           to
           its
           Duration
           and
           extent
           ,
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Law
           of
           Nations
           ;
           and
           therefore
           is
           determinable
           the
           same
           way
           the
           other
           was
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Power
             ,
          
           and
           
             uttermost
             Power
             ,
          
           reserved
           and
           expressed
           in
           these
           
             Oaths
             ,
          
           is
           a
           
             Legal
             Power
             ,
          
           and
           therefore
           no
           Man
           is
           by
           these
           
             Oaths
          
           bound
           to
           exert
           his
           Natural
           Power
           for
           any
           Prince
           ,
           when
           he
           may
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           
             England
          
           be
           punished
           as
           a
           
             Traytor
          
           for
           so
           doing
           ;
           it
           being
           a
           Legal
           and
           not
           an
           Illegal
           
             Allegiance
          
           we
           promise
           by
           them
           .
        
         
           If
           King
           
             James
          
           would
           have
           been
           contented
           with
           the
           
             Preheminences
             ,
             Priviledges
             ,
             Authorities
             and
             Jurisdictions
             granted
             and
             annexed
             ,
             or
             belonging
             to
             the
             Crown
             of
          
           England
           ,
           I
           believe
           no
           Body
           questions
           but
           he
           
           had
           been
           still
           King
           of
           
             England
             ;
          
           but
           by
           grasping
           at
           others
           ,
           which
           did
           not
           belong
           to
           him
           ,
           he
           cut
           off
           his
           own
           Succours
           ,
           and
           hindred
           those
           that
           otherwise
           would
           have
           defended
           him
           and
           them
           from
           doing
           it
           :
           He
           would
           not
           be
           content
           with
           those
           that
           belonged
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           they
           could
           not
           fight
           for
           ,
           or
           defend
           any
           other
           ;
           and
           between
           these
           two
           his
           Power
           fell
           to
           the
           Ground
           ,
           by
           his
           own
           Default
           ;
           and
           his
           withdrawing
           put
           an
           End
           to
           his
           Sovereignty
           ;
           and
           put
           our
           present
           King
           and
           Queen
           in
           the
           actual
           Possession
           of
           all
           those
           Legal
           Jurisdictions
           ,
           Priviledges
           ,
           Preheminences
           and
           Authorities
           ,
           which
           he
           was
           formerly
           vested
           with
           ;
           and
           it
           is
           now
           the
           same
           Sin
           to
           resist
           
             them
             ,
          
           it
           was
           formerly
           to
           resist
           
             him
             .
          
        
         
           There
           may
           possibly
           be
           some
           ,
           who
           will
           lightly
           regard
           what
           ever
           I
           or
           any
           other
           Man
           of
           this
           Age
           can
           say
           to
           them
           ;
           will
           they
           then
           vouchsafe
           to
           hear
           one
           of
           the
           most
           Noble
           and
           Royal
           
             Orators
          
           that
           ever
           spoke
           to
           men
           ,
           
             Constantine
          
           the
           Great
           ,
           in
           his
           
             Oration
             to
             the
             Holy
             Assembly
             .
          
        
         
           
             
               
                 
                   Chap.
                   24.
                   
                   Of
                   the
                   calamitous
                   Deaths
                   of
                   Decius
                   ,
                   Valerian
                   and
                   Aurelian
                   ,
                   three
                   Emperors
                   who
                   persecuted
                   the
                   Church
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   now
                   I
                   ask
                   thee
                   ,
                   
                   O
                   
                     Decius
                     ,
                  
                   who
                   didst
                   once
                   insult
                   over
                   the
                   Calamities
                   of
                   the
                   Just
                   ,
                   who
                   didst
                   hate
                   the
                   Church
                   ,
                   who
                   didst
                   inflict
                   such
                   Punishments
                   on
                   those
                   who
                   lived
                   most
                   piously
                   :
                   What
                   art
                   thou
                   doing
                   in
                   the
                   other
                   World
                   ?
                   with
                   what
                   and
                   how
                   dreadful
                   Circumstances
                   art
                   thou
                   surrounded
                   ?
                   Yea
                   ,
                   the
                   remainder
                   of
                   thy
                   Life
                   (
                   after
                   it
                   )
                   in
                   this
                   World
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   manner
                   of
                   thy
                   ▪
                   Death
                   shew
                   thy
                   Felicity
                   ,
                   when
                   thou
                   and
                   all
                   thy
                   Army
                   fell
                   in
                   the
                   
                     Scythian
                  
                   Fields
                   :
                   And
                   the
                   celebrated
                   
                     Roman
                     Empire
                     ,
                  
                   by
                   thy
                   Fall
                   became
                   (
                   after
                   this
                   )
                   contemptible
                   to
                   the
                   
                     Goths
                     .
                  
                   And
                   thou
                   ,
                   O
                   
                     Valerian
                     ,
                  
                   when
                   thou
                   didst
                   enter
                   into
                   a
                   bloody
                   War
                   against
                   the
                   Servants
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   hast
                   thereby
                   made
                   his
                   Justice
                   known
                   to
                   Men
                   ;
                   being
                   taken
                   Prisoner
                   by
                   the
                   
                     Persians
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   kept
                   in
                   Chains
                   in
                   thy
                   Purple
                   and
                   Royal
                   Robes
                   .
                   After
                   which
                   thou
                   wert
                   flea'd
                   (
                   being
                   dead
                   )
                   by
                   
                     Sapores
                     ,
                  
                   King
                   of
                   
                     Persia
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   thy
                   Skin
                   ,
                   by
                   his
                   Order
                   ,
                   ta●●ed
                   and
                   kept
                   as
                   an
                   eternal
                   Trophy
                   of
                   thy
                   Misfortune
                   .
                   And
                   thou
                   ,
                   O
                   
                     Aurelius
                     ,
                  
                   the
                   unjustest
                   and
                   most
                   wicked
                   Incendiary
                   ,
                   how
                   much
                   hast
                   thou
                   discovered
                   his
                   Justice
                   ,
                   whilst
                   madly
                   invading
                   
                     Thrace
                     ,
                  
                   thou
                   wert
                   cut
                   off
                   in
                   the
                   Field
                   ,
                   and
                   didst
                   de●ile
                   the
                   surrows
                   of
                   the
                   Publick
                   Road
                   with
                   thy
                   wicked
                   Blood
                   ?
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   Chap.
                   25.
                   
                   Of
                   Dioclesian
                   ,
                   who
                   basely
                   resigned
                   the
                   Empire
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   struck
                   with
                   Lightning
                   for
                   persecuting
                   the
                   Church
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Dioclesian
                  
                   also
                   ,
                   after
                   a
                   wicked
                   Slaughter
                   and
                   cruel
                   Persecution
                   ,
                   condemning
                   himself
                   ,
                   through
                   distraction
                   ,
                   was
                   reduced
                   to
                   a
                   private
                   Life
                   ,
                   and
                   punished
                   with
                   the
                   Restraint
                   of
                   a
                   mean
                   House
                   .
                   What
                   did
                   he
                   get
                   by
                   his
                   War
                   against
                   our
                   God
                   ?
                   Why
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   ever
                   after
                   afraid
                   of
                   Thunder
                   and
                   Lightning
                   .
                   
                     Nicomedia
                  
                   saith
                   this
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   who
                   saw
                   it
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   silent
                   ;
                   among
                   whom
                   
                     I
                     my self
                     was
                     one
                     .
                  
                   The
                   
                     Palace
                  
                   was
                   consumed
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   very
                   Chamber
                   burnt
                   with
                   Fire
                   from
                   Heaven
                   ;
                   and
                   thereupon
                   wise
                   Men
                   foretold
                   what
                   would
                   follow
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   could
                   not
                   conceal
                   their
                   Thoughts
                   ,
                   nor
                   suppress
                   their
                   Resentments
                   at
                   the
                   ill
                   things
                   were
                   done
                   ,
                   but
                   openly
                   and
                   publickly
                   ,
                   with
                   assurance
                   ,
                   said
                   one
                   to
                   another
                   ,
                   
                     What
                     madness
                     is
                     this
                     ?
                     what
                     boasting
                     in
                     human
                     Power
                     for
                     a
                     Mortal
                     to
                     begin
                     a
                     War
                     against
                     God
                     ,
                     and
                     injuriously
                     to
                     affront
                     the
                     most
                     chast
                     and
                     holy
                     Religion
                     ?
                     and
                     without
                     any
                     Cause
                     or
                     Provocation
                     to
                     contrive
                     the
                     Destruction
                     of
                     so
                     many
                     just
                     Men
                     ,
                     and
                     of
                     so
                     numerous
                     a
                     People
                     ?
                     What
                     a
                     famous
                     Master
                     and
                     teacher
                     of
                     Modesty
                     to
                     his
                     Subjects
                     will
                     he
                     appear
                     ?
                     How
                     rarely
                     he
                     teacheth
                     his
                     Soldiers
                     to
                     take
                     Care
                     of
                     their
                     Countrymen
                     ?
                  
                   Why
                   ,
                   
                     they
                     stab
                     their
                     fellow
                     Subjects
                     bravely
                     ,
                     who
                     in
                     Fight
                     never
                     saw
                     the
                     back
                     of
                     a
                     beaten
                     Enemy
                     .
                  
                   At
                   last
                   the
                   Providence
                   of
                   God
                   undertook
                   the
                   avenging
                   this
                   Impiety
                   ,
                   tho'
                   not
                   without
                   the
                   publick
                   Hurt
                   ;
                   for
                   so
                   much
                   Blood
                   had
                   been
                   shed
                   by
                   him
                   ,
                   that
                   if
                   he
                   had
                   slain
                   as
                   many
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Barbarians
                  
                   as
                   he
                   did
                   of
                   his
                   own
                   Subjects
                   ,
                   we
                   might
                   have
                   procured
                   a
                   long
                   Peace
                   by
                   it
                   .
                   But
                   the
                   whole
                   
                     Roman
                  
                   Army
                   being
                   then
                   in
                   the
                   Hand
                   of
                   a
                   mean-spirited
                   Prince
                   ,
                   who
                   had
                   acquired
                   it
                   by
                   Force
                   ,
                   his
                   whole
                   Army
                   perished
                   ,
                   when
                   God
                   was
                   pleased
                   to
                   think
                   fit
                   to
                   restore
                   the
                   
                     Romans
                  
                   to
                   their
                   ancient
                   Liberty
                   .
                   
                     The
                     Voices
                     of
                     oppressed
                     Men
                     ,
                     who
                     cryed
                     to
                     God
                     for
                     Help
                     under
                     their
                     Burthens
                     ,
                     and
                     begged
                     the
                     Return
                     of
                     their
                     natural
                     Liberty
                     (
                     are
                     not
                     forgotten
                     ;
                     )
                     nor
                     the
                     Praises
                     they
                     returned
                     when
                     they
                     had
                     regained
                     it
                     ,
                     and
                     saw
                     an
                     end
                     of
                     their
                     Calamities
                     :
                     Did
                     they
                     not
                     declare
                     to
                     all
                     the
                     World
                     ,
                     How
                     much
                     they
                     admired
                     the
                     singular
                     Providence
                     and
                     paternal
                     Love
                     of
                     God
                     to
                     men
                     ,
                     when
                     their
                     Liberty
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     Equity
                     of
                     their
                     Contracts
                     was
                     restored
                     ?
                  
                
              
            
          
        
         
           That
           is
           ,
           when
           they
           were
           delivered
           out
           of
           the
           Hands
           of
           perfidious
           Tyrants
           ,
           and
           became
           subject
           to
           a
           Prince
           who
           would
           keep
           his
           Faith
           and
           Promise
           to
           them
           .
        
         
         
           They
           may
           be
           pleased
           to
           consider
           ,
           How
           much
           of
           this
           was
           our
           Case
           ;
           and
           ask
           their
           Consciences
           ,
           If
           the
           self-same
           Divine
           Justice
           and
           Providence
           has
           not
           appeared
           in
           our
           Times
           also
           ,
           and
           whether
           we
           have
           not
           as
           much
           Reason
           as
           they
           to
           be
           pleased
           and
           thankful
           .
        
         
           Having
           thus
           dispatched
           what
           I
           think
           fit
           for
           the
           present
           to
           be
           offered
           to
           the
           Friends
           of
           the
           late
           King
           ;
           I
           come
           now
           to
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           who
           being
           satisfied
           and
           highly
           pleased
           with
           the
           present
           State
           of
           Affairs
           ;
           may
           therefore
           be
           called
           ,
           in
           contradistinction
           ,
           the
           
             Williamists
             .
          
        
         
           Many
           of
           these
           of
           late
           have
           appeared
           very
           pertly
           against
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Non
             resistance
          
           and
           Passive
           Obedience
           ;
           and
           discoursed
           of
           it
           with
           a
           Contempt
           and
           Scorn
           ,
           as
           if
           it
           were
           one
           of
           the
           worst
           and
           most
           exploded
           Doctrines
           in
           the
           whole
           World
           ;
           and
           full
           as
           Antichristian
           as
           that
           of
           
             deposing
             Kings
             ,
             and
             disposing
             of
             their
             Kingdoms
             .
          
           Now
           ,
           these
           two
           being
           directly
           contrary
           each
           to
           other
           ,
           in
           all
           probability
           one
           of
           them
           is
           true
           .
           If
           we
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
          
           are
           not
           in
           the
           right
           with
           the
           Scriptures
           ,
           and
           all
           Primitive
           Antiquity
           on
           our
           side
           ;
           it
           is
           fairly
           probable
           ,
           They
           of
           the
           Deposing
           Church
           are
           ;
           for
           their
           Claim
           is
           older
           than
           the
           Peoples
           :
           But
           the
           Mischief
           is
           ,
           the
           Devils
           is
           older
           than
           either
           ;
           for
           he
           pretended
           to
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           when
           he
           had
           shewed
           him
           all
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           made
           a
           conditional
           Tender
           of
           them
           ,
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           .
           
             All
             this
             Power
             and
             Glory
             is
             delivered
             into
             my
             Hands
             ,
             and
             I
             give
             it
             to
             whomsoever
             I
             will
             :
          
           Now
           this
           was
           long
           before
           People
           or
           Pope
           put
           in
           any
           Claim
           ,
           and
           before
           the
           latter
           of
           these
           had
           any
           Being
           .
           The
           Pope
           ,
           it
           is
           true
           ,
           claims
           under
           the
           People
           ,
           but
           the
           Devil
           in
           his
           own
           Right
           :
           But
           I
           believe
           neither
           of
           them
           can
           shew
           their
           Charter
           ,
           though
           the
           Devil
           claimed
           by
           a
           Grant
           ;
           and
           so
           I
           shall
           leave
           him
           and
           them
           ,
           Pope
           and
           all
           ,
           in
           the
           intire
           possession
           of
           their
           several
           Rights
           ,
           if
           any
           they
           have
           .
        
         
           The
           Doctrine
           of
           Non-resistance
           has
           been
           often
           proved
           the
           genuine
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           best
           Ages
           of
           the
           Church
           ;
           and
           that
           so
           fully
           and
           clearly
           ,
           that
           those
           who
           would
           not
           yield
           to
           the
           Force
           of
           the
           Proof
           ,
           have
           not
           been
           able
           to
           deny
           the
           Truth
           of
           it
           ,
           but
           have
           been
           forced
           to
           pretend
           it
           was
           only
           Temporary
           ,
           and
           doth
           not
           oblige
           all
           Ages
           ;
           which
           is
           hardly
           Sense
           ;
           or
           that
           the
           Church
           is
           now
           in
           other
           Circumstances
           than
           she
           was
           then
           ;
           which
           is
           not
           true
           neither
           ;
           for
           in
           some
           Places
           she
           is
           now
           under
           the
           same
           or
           worse
           Circumstances
           ;
           than
           she
           was
           in
           the
           three
           first
           Centuries
           ,
           and
           consequently
           ,
           they
           at
           least
           ,
           are
           under
           the
           same
           Obligations
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           were
           ;
           and
           therefore
           this
           very
           Doctrine
           is
           of
           eternal
           Verity
           ,
           and
           will
           have
           
           its
           Use
           till
           the
           End
           of
           the
           World.
           The
           command
           is
           general
           ,
           the
           Examples
           of
           it
           are
           general
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           now
           confessedly
           necessary
           in
           
             Turky
             ,
          
           and
           all
           Countries
           where
           Christianity
           is
           oppressed
           ;
           and
           by
           consequence
           every
           where
           ,
           except
           some
           Body
           can
           shew
           ,
           We
           have
           one
           Gospel
           for
           the
           Afflicted
           ,
           and
           another
           for
           the
           prosperous
           Daies
           of
           the
           Church
           ;
           or
           one
           Remedy
           ,
           
             viz.
          
           that
           of
           Patience
           was
           prescribed
           to
           our
           Ancestors
           ,
           and
           another
           directly
           contrary
           to
           us
           ;
           which
           if
           any
           Man
           can
           shew
           ,
           when
           and
           where
           it
           was
           done
           ,
           I
           shall
           be
           very
           thankful
           .
        
         
           But
           it
           may
           be
           pretended
           it
           has
           been
           stretched
           too
           far
           ;
           and
           that
           some
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
          
           have
           written
           too
           much
           in
           Favour
           of
           Wicked
           and
           Tyrannical
           Princes
           ,
           even
           to
           the
           encouraging
           them
           to
           do
           worse
           than
           otherwise
           they
           would
           :
           To
           this
           I
           say
           ,
           The
           Heat
           of
           Controversie
           has
           in
           other
           Instances
           mis-led
           Men
           as
           well
           as
           in
           this
           ;
           and
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           Non-resistante
           is
           nevertheless
           true
           ,
           tho'
           their
           Notions
           of
           it
           should
           happen
           to
           prove
           too
           loose
           or
           too
           large
           .
           Let
           it
           then
           be
           fairly
           and
           truly
           stated
           once
           for
           all
           ,
           and
           then
           let
           it
           be
           as
           it
           ever
           has
           been
           ,
           The
           Glory
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Bulwark
           of
           all
           Religious
           Kings
           and
           States
           ,
           against
           the
           Rage
           of
           Mutinous
           and
           Rebellious
           Spirits
           ,
           who
           pretend
           to
           sight
           for
           God's
           Truth
           ,
           against
           the
           Laws
           and
           Governments
           of
           their
           Countries
           .
        
         
           If
           any
           Man
           thinks
           some
           of
           the
           things
           that
           were
           done
           in
           the
           heat
           of
           the
           late
           Revolution
           cannot
           be
           justified
           ,
           without
           exploding
           this
           Doctrine
           :
           I
           say
           those
           are
           the
           Faults
           of
           a
           few
           Men
           ,
           and
           better
           it
           is
           to
           leave
           them
           to
           their
           own
           Master
           ,
           than
           to
           set
           up
           our selves
           against
           the
           Doctrines
           of
           Christianity
           to
           excuse
           them
           .
           The
           Men
           of
           our
           Generation
           have
           all
           the
           Infirmities
           that
           have
           gone
           along
           with
           the
           former
           ;
           and
           being
           so
           highly
           provoked
           by
           a
           handful
           of
           perfidious
           ungrateful
           Miscreants
           ,
           what
           Wonder
           is
           it
           if
           the
           Temptation
           ,
           which
           was
           so
           strong
           ,
           prevailed
           over
           the
           Restraint
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           guilty
           of
           some
           Irregularities
           ,
           which
           according
           to
           the
           strict
           Rules
           of
           the
           
             Gospel
             ,
          
           cannot
           be
           justified
           ;
           such
           things
           have
           happened
           in
           the
           best
           of
           the
           former
           Ages
           ,
           and
           will
           happen
           again
           in
           those
           that
           shall
           follow
           us
           .
           But
           the
           Rule
           of
           Christianity
           ought
           to
           be
           preserved
           ,
           notwithstanding
           ,
           and
           delivered
           down
           to
           our
           Posterity
           just
           as
           we
           received
           it
           .
        
         
           Those
           that
           have
           appeared
           against
           this
           Doctrine
           have
           done
           their
           Majesties
           Two
           great
           Injuries
           .
           First
           ,
           They
           have
           exasperated
           the
           Dissatisfied
           Party
           in
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           harder
           to
           be
           won
           over
           ;
           they
           concluding
           ,
           that
           this
           
             Revolution
          
           was
           not
           the
           Work
           of
           
           God
           ,
           because
           so
           many
           of
           those
           who
           have
           defended
           it
           ,
           have
           made
           it
           their
           business
           to
           ridicule
           or
           confute
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Passive
             Obedience
             ,
          
           as
           if
           there
           were
           no
           other
           way
           than
           that
           to
           justifie
           it
           .
           But
           then
           they
           are
           well
           assured
           this
           is
           as
           certain
           a
           Principle
           of
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           ,
           and
           was
           ever
           practised
           by
           the
           Primitive
           Church
           in
           the
           five
           first
           Centuries
           ;
           and
           from
           thence
           they
           conculde
           ,
           the
           Men
           that
           do
           this
           and
           all
           other
           that
           joyn
           with
           them
           ,
           have
           made
           a
           Defection
           from
           this
           Doctrine
           ,
           and
           from
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             ;
          
           and
           they
           think
           themselves
           bound
           in
           Conscience
           to
           oppose
           all
           those
           that
           are
           thus
           united
           ,
           lest
           they
           should
           seem
           betrayers
           of
           this
           Loyal
           ,
           Holy
           ,
           Excellent
           Doctrine
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Honour
           of
           that
           Church
           that
           hath
           ever
           taught
           it
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           They
           have
           deprived
           them
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           in
           them
           lies
           ,
           of
           that
           religious
           awe
           and
           reverence
           ,
           which
           is
           due
           to
           all
           Crowned
           Heads
           and
           Sovereign
           States
           .
           If
           they
           are
           the
           
             Ministers
             of
             God
             ,
          
           if
           they
           are
           the
           
             Powers
             ordained
             by
             God
             ,
          
           then
           is
           all
           resistance
           of
           them
           a
           sin
           against
           God.
           But
           these
           Men
           write
           as
           if
           it
           were
           lawful
           to
           
             resist
          
           when
           they
           pleased
           ,
           and
           whom
           they
           pleased
           ;
           which
           ,
           if
           it
           is
           true
           ,
           I
           am
           very
           confident
           it
           will
           not
           be
           long
           before
           they
           will
           pretend
           they
           have
           cause
           ,
           or
           some
           other
           for
           them
           ;
           and
           so
           all
           Princes
           shall
           be
           deprived
           of
           their
           best
           Safegard
           ,
           the
           fear
           of
           God
           over-awing
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           as
           the
           just
           avenger
           of
           such
           as
           rebel
           against
           their
           rightful
           ,
           lawful
           Princes
           ,
           and
           the
           Laws
           of
           their
           Country
           .
        
         
           As
           there
           must
           be
           in
           every
           Country
           a
           Supreme
           Power
           lodged
           somewhere
           ,
           against
           which
           there
           is
           no
           Appeal
           but
           to
           God
           ;
           so
           that
           Power
           must
           be
           acknowledged
           to
           be
           Sacred
           and
           Irresistable
           ,
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           Christianity
           :
           and
           this
           is
           as
           true
           of
           Commonwealths
           as
           Monarchies
           ,
           for
           wheresoever
           the
           Supreme
           Power
           is
           lodged
           ,
           it
           is
           the
           Ordinance
           of
           God
           ,
           approved
           by
           his
           Word
           ,
           and
           settled
           by
           his
           Providence
           ,
           
             whosoever
             then
             resisteth
             that
             Power
             ,
             resisteth
             the
             Ordinance
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             shall
             receive
             to
             themselves
             Damnation
             .
          
           He
           ,
           then
           ,
           that
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           destroy
           this
           Obligation
           ,
           and
           to
           persuade
           Men
           they
           are
           not
           bound
           in
           Conscience
           to
           submit
           to
           the
           Laws
           and
           lawful
           Governors
           of
           their
           Country
           ,
           contradicts
           this
           plain
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Apostle
           ,
           and
           exposeth
           the
           Supreme
           Powers
           in
           all
           Countries
           to
           the
           Rage
           and
           Fury
           of
           the
           Multitude
           ,
           or
           any
           Faction
           that
           is
           potent
           ,
           and
           thinks
           it self
           injured
           ;
           and
           consequently
           he
           is
           an
           Enemy
           to
           all
           Government
           .
        
         
           But
           then
           though
           I
           am
           bound
           not
           to
           resist
           ,
           I
           am
           not
           equally
           bound
           to
           assist
           ,
           my
           hands
           may
           be
           tied
           both
           ways
           ;
           If
           I
           live
           in
           a
           Pagan
           Country
           ,
           where
           Christianity
           is
           Persecuted
           by
           the
           Supreme
           Power
           ,
           I
           must
           suffer
           and
           ought
           not
           to
           resist
           ;
           but
           then
           I
           am
           not
           to
           lend
           
           my
           assistance
           to
           that
           State
           to
           encourage
           or
           enable
           it
           to
           destroy
           this
           Religion
           ,
           but
           I
           must
           be
           meerly
           passive
           in
           that
           case
           .
           And
           this
           was
           the
           case
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           we
           were
           persecuted
           against
           Law
           ,
           by
           a
           handful
           of
           Men
           ,
           who
           expected
           to
           ruine
           us
           by
           our
           own
           hands
           ;
           and
           we
           were
           bound
           not
           to
           assist
           them
           in
           this
           wicked
           and
           foolish
           Project
           ;
           and
           for
           want
           of
           our
           assistance
           they
           could
           not
           justifie
           or
           carry
           on
           the
           Enterprize
           :
           and
           when
           they
           came
           to
           be
           called
           to
           an
           Account
           by
           a
           Prince
           who
           was
           no
           Subject
           ,
           and
           consequently
           was
           not
           under
           the
           Obligation
           of
           not
           resisting
           their
           Injustice
           and
           Oppression
           ;
           so
           they
           fell
           an
           easie
           Victim
           to
           his
           Arms
           ,
           and
           we
           were
           delivered
           out
           of
           their
           hand
           ,
           not
           by
           any
           resistance
           we
           made
           ,
           but
           by
           refusing
           to
           assist
           them
           ;
           and
           they
           that
           went
           no
           farther
           than
           this
           (
           which
           it
           is
           certain
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Nation
           did
           not
           )
           are
           justifiable
           by
           the
           strictest
           Rules
           of
           Christianity
           ,
           and
           the
           Practice
           of
           the
           best
           Ages
           .
        
         
           To
           conclude
           ,
           I
           would
           advise
           even
           those
           who
           have
           no
           kindness
           for
           the
           Doctrine
           of
           
             Non-resistance
             ,
          
           to
           speak
           modestly
           of
           it
           ;
           it
           has
           such
           Characters
           of
           Divinity
           to
           shew
           ,
           that
           it
           will
           deserve
           this
           respect
           at
           their
           hands
           ,
           if
           they
           are
           Christians
           :
           And
           as
           to
           those
           that
           are
           not
           ,
           those
           that
           despise
           all
           revealed
           Religion
           (
           for
           they
           of
           late
           have
           been
           very
           witty
           against
           it
           )
           they
           ought
           to
           shew
           some
           reverence
           to
           it
           ,
           for
           the
           sake
           of
           Government
           ,
           and
           to
           preserve
           the
           Peace
           of
           the
           World
           in
           which
           that
           sort
           of
           Men
           have
           a
           greater
           interest
           than
           others
           ;
           for
           their
           
             All
          
           lies
           in
           this
           World
           ,
           and
           they
           pretend
           to
           nothing
           in
           the
           next
           ;
           and
           if
           the
           World
           be
           imbroyled
           ,
           let
           the
           pretence
           be
           what
           it
           will
           ,
           their
           happiness
           must
           necessarily
           be
           very
           much
           abated
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           their
           
             Machines
          
           destroyed
           ,
           and
           then
           there
           is
           an
           end
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           LICENS'D
           ,
        
         
           
             
               August
               27.
               1689.
               
            
          
           
             J.
             Fraser
             .
          
        
         
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A28559-e150
           
             History
             of
             the
             Desertion
             ,
             p.
             48.
             
          
           
             Ad
             Scapulam
             c.
             2.
             
          
           
             Apolog.
             C.
             XXXV
             .
          
           
             F●seb
             .
             H.
             E.
             
          
           
             lib.
             7.
             c.
             1.
             
          
           
             lib.
             10.
             c.
             X.
             
          
           
             de
             Vita
             .
          
           
             Const
             .
             lib.
             2.
             
          
           
             c.
             2.
             
             Tertul.
             
          
           
             Apol.
             cap.
             6.
             
          
           
             Anno
             Christi
             295.
             
          
           
             Cum
             Ecclesia
             pace
             gauderet
             :
             &
             proinde
             in
             Maximilianum
             animadvertitur
             ob
             spretam
             Militiam
             ,
             non
             ob
             fidem
             Christia●am
             .
          
           
             Grotius
             .
          
           
             Cap.
             2.
             
          
           
             Tanta
             hominum
             multitudo
             ,
             pars
             pene
             major
             Civitatis
             cujusque
             .
          
           
             Dan.
             4.
             17.
             
          
           
             De
             civitate
             Dei
             ,
             lib.
             V.
             
          
           
             cap.
             21.
             
          
           
             Lactantius
             de
             mortibus
             persecutorum
             .
          
           
             Euseb
             .
             H.
             E.
             lib.
             
               VIII
               .
               c.
            
             13.
             
          
           
             Euseb
             .
             l.
             7.
             c.
             13.
             missis
             literis
             persecutionem
             adversus
             nostros
             commotam
             sedavit
             .
          
           
             †
             Euseb
             .
             H.
             E.
             l.
             7.
             c.
             30.
             p.
             231.
             
          
           
             *
             Euseb
             .
             l.
             8.
             c.
             13.
             
             Lactantius
             de
             mortibus
             persecut
             .
          
           
             †
             
               Jaacius
               &
               chronicon
               Alexandrinum
               ,
            
             say
             ,
             he
             lived
             to
             the
             Year
             316.
             
          
           
             Lib.
             1.
             cap.
             1.
             
             §
             9.
             
          
           
             Socratis
             H.
             Eccl.
             lib.
             2.
             cap.
             12
             ,
             13
             ,
             27.
             
          
           
             ☞
             
          
           
             Bishop
             Ken.
             
          
           
             L●
             vrai
             Interet
             des
             Princes
             Chretiens
             ,
             P●
             176.
             
          
           
             Hist
             .
             Eccl.
             lib.
             III.
             cap.
             41.
             
          
           
             See
             the
             1.
             
             Collect
             ,
             for
             the
             5
             
               th
            
             of
             
               Novemb.
               
            
          
           
             Thuanus
             ,
             Ann.
             1559.
             
          
           
             Rom.
             13.
             
          
           
             11
             H.
             7.
             c.
             1
             
          
           
             Magna
             cha
             .
             c.
             29.
             2
             
             E.
             3.
             c.
             8.
             
          
           
             Constantini
             oratio
             ad
             sanctorum
             caetum
             .
          
        
      
    
  

