







 
   
     
       
         A collection of some papers writ upon several occasions concerning clipt and counterfeit money, and trade, so far as it relates to the exportation of bullion / by Dr. Hugh Chamberlain.
         Chamberlen, Hugh.
      
       
         
           1696
        
      
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         A31618
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         ESTC R35802
         15563778
         ocm 15563778
         103766
         
           
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             A collection of some papers writ upon several occasions concerning clipt and counterfeit money, and trade, so far as it relates to the exportation of bullion / by Dr. Hugh Chamberlain.
             Chamberlen, Hugh.
          
           [2], 17 p.
           
             Printed for Benj. Tooke ...,
             London :
             1696.
          
           
             Reproduction of original in the Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Money -- England.
           Monetary policy -- England.
           Counterfeits and counterfeiting -- England.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           COLLECTION
           OF
           SOME
           PAPERS
           WRIT
           UPON
           SEVERAL
           OCCASIONS
           ,
           CONCERNING
           Clipt
           and
           Counterfeit
           Money
           ,
           and
           Trade
           ,
           so
           far
           as
           it
           relates
           to
           the
           Exportation
           of
           Bullion
           .
        
         
           By
           Dr.
           
             Hugh
             Chamberlain
          
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           for
           
             Benj.
             Tooke
          
           ,
           at
           the
           
             Middle
             Temple-gate
          
           in
           Fleetstreet
           .
           1696.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           
             A
             COLLECTION
             of
             some
             Papers
             Writ
             upon
             several
             Occasions
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             
               Some
               few
               Considerations
               supposed
               useful
               ,
               concerning
               the
               Vote
               of
               the
               
                 House
                 of
                 Commons
                 ,
                 Friday
              
               the
               24th
               of
               February
               ,
               upon
               the
               Bill
               for
               the
               hindring
               the
               Exportation
               of
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               ,
               and
               the
               melting
               down
               the
               Coyn
               of
               the
               Realm
               ;
               humbly
               proposed
               by
               Dr.
               
                 Hugh
                 Chamberlain
              
               ,
               to
               the
               Wisdom
               of
               the
               Honourable
               
                 House
                 of
                 Commons
              
               .
            
          
           
             GOLD
             and
             Silver
             ,
             as
             all
             other
             Commodities
             ,
             whether
             Foreign
             or
             Domestick
             ,
             must
             be
             considered
             with
             respect
             to
             their
             real
             natural
             Value
             and
             Market-price
             ,
             which
             are
             both
             very
             variable
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             be
             governed
             by
             Laws
             .
          
           
             The
             real
             natural
             Value
             of
             all
             Commodities
             ,
             is
             the
             expence
             of
             Labour
             ,
             Charge
             ,
             and
             Hazard
             ,
             in
             raising
             and
             bringing
             the
             same
             to
             a
             Market
             ,
             and
             this
             varies
             it
             accordingly
             ;
             for
             Gold
             doth
             not
             cost
             so
             much
             in
             Peru
             or
             Guiny
             ,
             
             as
             it
             doth
             in
             
               London
               ,
               Paris
            
             ,
             or
             Amsterdam
             .
             The
             Market-price
             varies
             according
             to
             the
             Multitude
             or
             Paucity
             of
             Chapmen
             ,
             and
             the
             plenty
             or
             scarcity
             of
             the
             Commodities
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             The
             multitude
             or
             paucity
             of
             Chapmen
             happens
             according
             to
             their
             several
             necessities
             and
             pleasures
             in
             the
             use
             of
             Commodities
             :
             Thus
             we
             see
             (
             where
             Gold
             is
             not
             the
             measure
             of
             Trade
             ,
             as
             in
             some
             parts
             of
             the
             East
             and
             West-Indies
             ,
             and
             in
             Africk
             )
             Iron
             is
             much
             more
             valuable
             ,
             because
             they
             have
             much
             occasion
             for
             the
             one
             ,
             and
             little
             or
             no
             use
             for
             the
             other
             ,
             neither
             for
             Vessels
             ,
             Ornaments
             ,
             nor
             Money
             .
             So
             likewise
             (
             tho
             Gold
             should
             cost
             you
             3
             
               l.
               per
            
             Ounce
             ,
             if
             you
             can
             find
             but
             few
             Chapmen
             ,
             and
             your
             necessities
             compel
             you
             to
             sell
             )
             you
             must
             take
             2
             l.
             if
             you
             can
             get
             no
             more
             .
             And
             (
             if
             it
             should
             cost
             you
             but
             2
             
               l.
               per
            
             Ounce
             ,
             if
             there
             are
             many
             Merchants
             )
             you
             may
             fell
             it
             for
             3
             
               l.
               10
               s.
            
             more
             or
             less
             ;
             for
             't
             is
             not
             what
             Charge
             it
             stands
             you
             in
             ,
             but
             the
             greater
             or
             lesser
             number
             that
             hath
             occasion
             for
             it
             ,
             which
             alters
             and
             raiseth
             the
             price
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             The
             plenty
             and
             scarcity
             of
             Commodity
             also
             varies
             the
             price
             ,
             tho
             much
             above
             or
             below
             the
             natural
             Value
             .
             Thus
             a
             piece
             of
             Bread
             of
             a
             Penny
             natural
             value
             ,
             is
             oft
             sold
             in
             a
             Siege
             for
             5
             s.
             And
             on
             the
             contrary
             ,
             a
             Diamond
             formerly
             sold
             for
             10
             l.
             when
             scarce
             ,
             hath
             by
             clogging
             the
             Market
             yeilded
             but
             5
             l.
             tho
             possibly
             less
             than
             the
             Charge
             expended
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             natural
             Value
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             Nothing
             can
             possibly
             bring
             Gold
             or
             Silver
             ,
             being
             of
             Foreign
             growth
             ,
             into
             England
             ,
             but
             the
             Exportation
             of
             Commodities
             of
             our
             own
             Growth
             or
             Manufacture
             ;
             or
             what
             our
             Natives
             can
             return
             from
             Foreign
             Service
             
             for
             their
             Labour
             ;
             or
             what
             Foreign
             Travellers
             spend
             here
             to
             see
             the
             Country
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Fourthly
             ,
             Nothing
             can
             possibly
             carry
             our
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             out
             of
             England
             ,
             but
             the
             consuming
             more
             Foreign
             Commodities
             at
             prime
             cost
             ,
             than
             we
             get
             in
             value
             for
             the
             sale
             of
             our
             exported
             Merchandize
             ;
             or
             what
             Foreign
             Merchants
             and
             Mechanicks
             by
             their
             Labour
             and
             Thrift
             can
             save
             here
             to
             return
             to
             their
             own
             Country
             ;
             or
             what
             our
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
             spend
             abroad
             in
             their
             Travels
             ;
             or
             what
             our
             Ambassadors
             ▪
             Foreign
             Ministers
             ,
             or
             our
             Armies
             in
             Foreign
             Countries
             ,
             or
             Mercinary
             Allies
             draw
             out
             of
             the
             Nation
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             't
             is
             neither
             changing
             the
             Denomination
             of
             our
             Coin
             higher
             or
             lower
             ,
             above
             or
             under
             the
             natural
             Value
             and
             Market-price
             of
             the
             material
             (
             which
             Quantity
             and
             Use
             will
             regulate
             )
             can
             either
             gain
             ,
             keep
             ,
             or
             drive
             away
             our
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ,
             but
             only
             the
             abovmentioned
             ballance
             of
             Trade
             ,
             over
             or
             under
             ,
             which
             ,
             like
             necessity
             ,
             will
             over-rule
             all
             Laws
             .
          
           
             Fifthly
             ,
             That
             which
             makes
             the
             variety
             of
             Value
             here
             at
             home
             betwixt
             Gold
             ,
             Silver
             ,
             and
             Bullion
             ,
             is
             the
             disproportion
             among
             themselves
             ,
             according
             as
             they
             exceed
             the
             Proportion
             setled
             by
             the
             Standard
             ,
             in
             Use
             or
             Quantity
             .
             For
             Example
             ,
             When
             there
             is
             more
             use
             for
             Gold
             ,
             or
             less
             quantity
             in
             Proportion
             than
             for
             Silver
             ,
             Gold
             shall
             be
             dear
             ,
             and
             exceed
             the
             Standard
             in
             the
             Market-price
             ,
             tho
             the
             natural
             Value
             continues
             the
             same
             .
             And
             when
             there
             is
             more
             use
             for
             Silver
             ,
             or
             less
             quantity
             in
             Proportion
             than
             for
             Gold
             ,
             Silver
             shall
             be
             dear
             ,
             and
             exceed
             the
             Standard
             in
             the
             Market-price
             ,
             tho
             the
             natural
             Value
             were
             the
             same
             .
             And
             when
             there
             is
             more
             use
             for
             Plate
             than
             for
             Money
             ,
             Plate
             shall
             be
             dearest
             ▪
             and
             exceed
             the
             Standard
             in
             value
             ;
             and
             Coyning
             shall
             not
             only
             stand
             
             still
             ,
             but
             very
             oft
             the
             Coyn
             shall
             be
             melted
             down
             .
             For
             if
             the
             quantity
             of
             Gold
             exceeds
             (
             in
             Proportion
             )
             the
             Silver
             ,
             Gold
             shall
             be
             cheap
             .
             If
             Silver
             exceeds
             Gold
             ,
             Silver
             shall
             be
             cheap
             :
             If
             Money
             exceeds
             Plate
             ,
             Money
             shall
             be
             cheap
             :
             If
             Plate
             exceeds
             Money
             ,
             Plate
             shall
             be
             cheap
             .
             And
             tho
             Money
             still
             retains
             the
             same
             Denomination
             ,
             it
             doth
             not
             always
             the
             same
             Value
             ,
             being
             also
             over-ruled
             by
             the
             plenty
             or
             scarcity
             of
             other
             Commodities
             ;
             for
             a
             Crown
             is
             not
             of
             the
             same
             Value
             when
             it
             will
             purchase
             but
             half
             a
             Bushel
             of
             Wheat
             ,
             as
             when
             it
             can
             a
             whole
             one
             ;
             there
             being
             then
             either
             less
             Corn
             ,
             or
             more
             need
             of
             it
             ,
             or
             more
             Chapmen
             that
             come
             with
             more
             Money
             ;
             but
             this
             variety
             is
             no
             prejudice
             to
             the
             Nation
             ,
             in
             respect
             of
             the
             quantity
             of
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ;
             for
             when
             we
             have
             more
             Money
             ,
             we
             have
             so
             much
             the
             less
             Plate
             ;
             and
             if
             more
             in
             Plate
             ,
             we
             have
             the
             less
             in
             Money
             .
             But
             notwithstanding
             it
             is
             a
             very
             great
             damage
             to
             Trade
             ,
             because
             Money
             is
             living
             Riches
             ,
             Plate
             but
             dead
             ;
             that
             being
             capable
             of
             turning
             and
             improving
             Trade
             ,
             when
             this
             is
             not
             .
          
           
             The
             Nobilities
             hoarding
             and
             carrying
             of
             Gold
             in
             their
             Pockets
             ,
             and
             the
             great
             Gaming
             with
             Gold
             ,
             will
             raise
             the
             price
             above
             Silver
             ,
             tho
             the
             Proportion
             remains
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             From
             the
             Premises
             may
             be
             concluded
             ,
             That
             raising
             the
             Value
             of
             our
             Money
             cannot
             keep
             it
             ,
             tho
             it
             may
             give
             our
             Merchants
             some
             trouble
             to
             adjust
             the
             Par
             in
             their
             Exchange
             and
             Trade
             abroad
             .
             Nor
             lowering
             it
             cannot
             drive
             it
             away
             ,
             without
             bringing
             as
             much
             or
             more
             in
             the
             room
             ;
             but
             if
             we
             take
             no
             care
             to
             exceed
             in
             Exportations
             ,
             all
             we
             can
             do
             will
             never
             keep
             our
             Money
             ;
             and
             if
             we
             do
             exceed
             in
             Exportations
             ,
             all
             Foreigners
             can
             do
             ,
             can
             never
             draw
             it
             away
             .
             Exportations
             should
             be
             sufficient
             
             to
             answer
             the
             Charges
             that
             Foreign
             payments
             of
             Allies
             ,
             Armies
             ,
             Ambassadors
             ,
             English
             Travellers
             ,
             and
             returning
             strange
             Dealers
             requires
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             importing
             Foreign
             Commodities
             ,
             or
             we
             must
             still
             decline
             .
             Which
             Regulation
             of
             Trade
             't
             is
             humbly
             conceived
             ,
             may
             well
             deserve
             the
             serious
             Care
             of
             this
             Honourable
             House
             .
             This
             Duty
             I
             thought
             I
             ow'd
             my
             Country
             ,
             and
             hope
             't
             will
             give
             no
             offence
             .
             If
             I
             have
             been
             mistaken
             ,
             I
             'll
             thank
             any
             that
             will
             rectify
             me
             .
          
           
             London
             :
             Printed
             in
             the
             Year
             1693.
             
             And
             Reprinted
             December
             1695.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             Some
             Considerations
             upon
             the
             Necessity
             of
             Calling
             in
             the
             Clipt
             and
             Counterfeit
             Money
             .
             Written
             some
             time
             since
             .
          
           
             THE
             Clipt
             and
             Counterfeit
             Money
             now
             current
             in
             the
             Nation
             ,
             is
             a
             loss
             must
             certainly
             fall
             somewhere
             ;
             and
             the
             longer
             deferr'd
             ,
             the
             greater
             it
             will
             prove
             ;
             whence
             will
             naturally
             arise
             three
             Considerations
             .
          
           
             
               First
               ,
               How
               to
               prevent
               the
               increase
               of
               it
               for
               the
               future
               ?
            
             
               Secondly
               ,
               Where
               to
               place
               this
               Loss
               with
               most
               Justice
               and
               Conveniency
               ?
            
             
               Thirdly
               ,
               What
               new
               Measures
               can
               be
               prudently
               taken
               to
               repair
               this
               Loss
               to
               the
               Nation
               ?
            
          
           
             Upon
             the
             first
             Enquiry
             ,
             It
             cannot
             be
             much
             amiss
             to
             premise
             ,
             that
             Money
             counterfeited
             and
             clipt
             in
             England
             is
             ,
             
               per
               se
            
             ,
             no
             Loss
             to
             the
             Nation
             ,
             tho
             't
             is
             to
             Particulars
             ;
             nay
             ,
             it
             may
             by
             chance
             be
             a
             Gain
             to
             the
             Nation
             .
             But
             all
             that
             is
             clipt
             and
             counterfeited
             beyond
             the
             Sea
             ,
             and
             imported
             ,
             is
             not
             only
             a
             damage
             to
             Particulars
             ,
             but
             a
             dead
             Loss
             to
             the
             Nation
             ,
             which
             Importation
             can
             notwithstanding
             be
             no
             ways
             prevented
             as
             long
             as
             clipt
             and
             counterfeit
             Money
             is
             suffered
             to
             be
             current
             ,
             which
             therefore
             becomes
             ,
             
               per
               accidens
            
             ,
             a
             Mischief
             .
          
           
             The
             only
             Remedy
             therefore
             is
             ,
             to
             cry
             down
             on
             the
             same
             day
             throughout
             the
             Nation
             ,
             all
             the
             clipt
             and
             counterfeit
             
             Money
             which
             shall
             not
             be
             brought
             in
             within
             twenty
             four
             hours
             after
             such
             publick
             Notice
             ,
             that
             so
             there
             may
             be
             no
             time
             for
             either
             further
             Clipping
             or
             Counterfeiting
             ,
             at
             least
             ,
             not
             beyond
             Sea
             ,
             which
             is
             by
             much
             the
             greater
             Mischief
             .
             Let
             such
             Money
             be
             paid
             into
             the
             Chamber
             of
             the
             Adjacent
             Corporations
             ,
             and
             into
             the
             County
             Courts
             ,
             where
             each
             Person
             must
             have
             an
             Authentick
             Receipt
             of
             the
             Monies
             so
             paid
             in
             by
             Tale
             ,
             and
             not
             by
             Weight
             or
             Goodness
             .
          
           
             The
             second
             enquiry
             is
             ,
             where
             to
             place
             the
             Loss
             ?
          
           
             Even
             upon
             the
             whole
             Nation
             ;
             for
             (
             since
             it
             is
             impossible
             to
             make
             the
             Foreign
             and
             Domestick
             Offenders
             refund
             )
             it
             seems
             unjust
             to
             charge
             it
             upon
             other
             innocent
             particular
             Persons
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             unreasonable
             to
             undo
             a
             few
             with
             a
             Burthen
             which
             the
             whole
             Nation
             can
             hardly
             feel
             :
             unless
             the
             Government
             should
             think
             fit
             to
             charge
             some
             small
             matter
             ,
             as
             five
             
               per
               Cent
               ▪
            
             or
             thereabouts
             upon
             Particulars
             ,
             because
             few
             will
             suffer
             much
             thereby
             ,
             except
             the
             great
             money'd
             Men
             ,
             who
             can
             best
             bear
             it
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             putting
             this
             into
             practice
             ,
             great
             care
             must
             be
             taken
             ,
             that
             there
             be
             no
             incouragement
             given
             to
             clip
             the
             Money
             remaining
             whole
             ,
             and
             pouring
             in
             a
             great
             quantity
             of
             false
             Money
             .
             And
             secondly
             ,
             That
             the
             People
             may
             not
             ,
             tho
             for
             never
             so
             small
             a
             time
             ,
             be
             unfurnish'd
             with
             Market-money
             for
             present
             indispensable
             Occasions
             .
          
           
             To
             prevent
             the
             first
             ,
             The
             calling
             it
             all
             in
             in
             one
             and
             the
             same
             day
             throughout
             England
             ,
             seems
             the
             likeliest
             means
             And
             for
             the
             second
             ,
             That
             either
             all
             the
             Silver
             Plate
             some
             Weeks
             before
             the
             Prohibition
             be
             called
             in
             to
             be
             Coined
             ,
             weight
             for
             weight
             ,
             and
             sent
             down
             to
             the
             several
             County
             Treasuries
             ,
             to
             be
             changed
             for
             indispensable
             
             Necessaries
             ,
             together
             with
             Pence
             ,
             Farthings
             ,
             and
             Half
             ▪
             pence
             in
             Copper
             ,
             coined
             on
             purpose
             without
             ●raud
             or
             Deceit
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Value
             allowed
             ,
             upon
             a
             high
             Penalty
             .
             And
             to
             compel
             Persons
             to
             bring
             in
             their
             Silver
             Plate
             to
             be
             coined
             ,
             6
             
               d.
               per
            
             Ounce
             may
             be
             laid
             upon
             all
             Plate
             uncoined
             .
             Or
             else
             that
             five
             Shilling
             Tickets
             of
             Credit
             be
             dispersed
             payable
             in
             three
             or
             six
             Months
             ,
             instead
             of
             Coining
             the
             Plate
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             in
             the
             mean
             time
             current
             by
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             .
          
           
             In
             answer
             to
             the
             last
             Inquiry
             ,
             How
             the
             Nation
             may
             find
             some
             amends
             ?
             It
             may
             be
             considered
             ,
             whether
             't
             is
             not
             fit
             that
             no
             Tax
             whatever
             ,
             except
             Parish
             Rates
             ,
             be
             paid
             for
             one
             whole
             Year
             next
             ensuing
             :
             or
             but
             half
             Taxes
             for
             two
             Years
             :
             or
             quarter
             Taxes
             for
             four
             Years
             ,
             for
             the
             Government
             may
             be
             as
             effectually
             supplied
             by
             voluntary
             Methods
             another
             way
             .
          
           
             Every
             County
             and
             Corporation
             may
             chuse
             Trustees
             for
             this
             purpose
             after
             the
             very
             same
             manner
             ,
             as
             Parliament
             Men
             are
             chosen
             .
          
           
             The
             high
             price
             of
             Guineas
             at
             the
             present
             seems
             to
             be
             ,
             what
             it
             really
             is
             ,
             a
             great
             Grievance
             ;
             but
             yet
             it
             is
             no
             more
             capable
             of
             being
             reduced
             or
             fixed
             by
             Law
             ,
             than
             a
             Cuckow
             to
             be
             hedged
             in
             ;
             for
             necessity
             ,
             and
             the
             natural
             Value
             will
             always
             over-rule
             ,
             which
             follows
             the
             plenty
             or
             scarcity
             of
             Silver
             in
             proportion
             to
             other
             Commodities
             ,
             or
             to
             its
             several
             Uses
             and
             Demands
             .
          
           
             The
             best
             Remedy
             is
             to
             make
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             more
             plentiful
             ,
             and
             keep
             both
             to
             their
             due
             Standard
             ,
             which
             will
             bring
             down
             their
             price
             without
             a
             Law
             ,
             tho
             the
             Denomination
             ought
             by
             no
             means
             to
             admit
             of
             an
             Alteration
             :
             Or
             else
             to
             make
             them
             both
             less
             useful
             ,
             and
             less
             necessary
             ;
             for
             whatever
             is
             scarce
             ,
             or
             so
             in
             proportion
             to
             its
             uses
             ,
             must
             ever
             be
             dear
             ,
             nothing
             but
             a
             prudent
             Ballance
             of
             Trade
             
             can
             possibly
             increase
             our
             Gold
             or
             Silver
             :
             And
             nothing
             can
             render
             its
             uses
             less
             necessary
             ,
             than
             a
             well-established
             Land-Credit
             .
          
           
             Money-Credit
             cannot
             do
             it
             ,
             and
             Reputation-Credit
             cannot
             only
             less
             do
             it
             ,
             but
             is
             more
             dangerous
             .
          
           
             The
             hinderance
             of
             the
             Importation
             of
             Bullion
             ,
             or
             the
             imprudent
             Permission
             of
             its
             Exportation
             ,
             are
             to
             be
             more
             lamented
             than
             the
             loss
             of
             ten
             times
             the
             value
             of
             other
             Commodities
             .
             For
             ,
          
           
             
               First
               ,
               'T
               is
               the
               measure
               of
               all
               the
               rest
               .
            
             
               Secondly
               ,
               'T
               is
               equally
               courted
               by
               all
               civiliz'd
               Nations
               ,
               and
               can
               yield
               but
               such
               a
               limited
               increase
               ,
               when
               as
               all
               other
               Commodities
               may
               be
               increased
               according
               to
               the
               Debet
               or
               Demands
               .
            
             
               Thirdly
               ,
               All
               other
               Commodities
               end
               with
               the
               Consumer
               ,
               but
               Money
               still
               lives
               ,
               and
               the
               more
               hands
               it
               runs
               through
               ,
               the
               better
               ;
               so
               that
               in
               a
               sense
               the
               use
               doth
               not
               destroy
               it
               ,
               as
               it
               doth
               other
               Commodities
               ,
               but
               leaves
               it
               as
               it
               were
               immortal
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             A
             Method
             to
             prevent
             the
             Exportation
             of
             Bullion
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             LET
             the
             Trade
             at
             home
             be
             regulated
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             Let
             all
             or
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             our
             Foreign
             Expences
             of
             Money
             (
             especially
             for
             the
             Army
             ,
             if
             still
             there
             remains
             a
             necessity
             of
             keeping
             any
             abroad
             beyond
             our
             stipulated
             Quota
             )
             be
             changed
             into
             a
             supply
             of
             all
             Necessaries
             for
             them
             from
             hence
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             Let
             our
             Trade
             at
             Sea
             be
             protected
             .
          
           
             
               To
               perform
               the
               first
               .
            
             
               Let
               an
               exact
               Ballance
               betwixt
               our
               Importations
               and
               Exportations
               be
               strictly
               maintained
               ,
               that
               the
               first
               may
               by
               no
               means
               exceed
               the
               last
               ;
               and
               therefore
               let
               a
               high
               Custom
               ,
               almost
               equal
               to
               a
               Prohibition
               ,
               be
               laid
               on
               all
               Foreign
               Manufactures
               not
               absolutely
               necessary
               ,
               as
               Wines
               ,
               Fruit
               ,
               Lace
               ,
               wrought
               Silks
               ,
               very
               fine
               Linnen
               ,
               Dutch
               Ware
               ,
               &c.
               and
               in
               the
               room
               introduce
               the
               Fashion
               of
               wearing
               Cloaths
               of
               English
               Manufactures
               ,
               tho
               they
               may
               without
               publick
               Damage
               be
               adorned
               richly
               (
               if
               you
               please
               )
               with
               Jewels
               .
               And
               also
               of
               using
               only
               English
               Houshold
               Stuff
               ,
               tho
               much
               Plate
               may
               be
               admitted
               :
               And
               of
               living
               upon
               English
               Food
               ,
               tho
               improved
               to
               the
               height
               for
               Goodness
               ,
               Cleanliness
               ,
               and
               Health
               .
            
             
               Let
               no
               Foreign
               Manufactures
               be
               suffer'd
               to
               be
               worn
               here
               ,
               but
               rather
               invite
               and
               encourage
               Foreign
               Artists
               to
               come
               and
               inhabit
               here
               .
               One
               Foreigner
               employed
               by
               
               us
               beyond
               Sea
               ,
               doth
               the
               Nation
               more
               hurt
               than
               five
               hundred
               inhabiting
               here
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               perform
               the
               second
               .
            
             
               Tho
               the
               Home-charge
               should
               hereby
               be
               never
               so
               much
               increased
               ;
               all
               Necessaries
               for
               our
               Army
               ,
               upon
               which
               they
               spend
               their
               Money
               ,
               must
               (
               if
               possible
               )
               be
               provided
               here
               ,
               and
               sent
               over
               to
               them
               ,
               as
               Cloaths
               ,
               Victuals
               ,
               Beer
               ,
               Bread
               ,
               Cheese
               ,
               Butter
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             
               Likewise
               all
               Materials
               for
               our
               Train
               may
               be
               transported
               hence
               ,
               which
               may
               be
               easily
               done
               if
               we
               send
               Stores
               ,
               and
               provide
               Magazines
               there
               .
            
             
               Let
               Frugality
               abroad
               be
               encouraged
               in
               the
               Officers
               and
               Army
               ,
               tho
               left
               to
               their
               liberty
               here
               at
               home
               ,
               not
               excepting
               the
               King's
               Equipage
               ,
               which
               His
               Majesty
               may
               be
               petitioned
               to
               defray
               with
               his
               Foreign
               Revenue
               ,
               and
               his
               home
               Expence
               with
               the
               English
               ;
               and
               if
               we
               must
               also
               pay
               the
               Allies
               ,
               let
               it
               be
               in
               Woollen
               Manufacture
               ,
               Lead
               ,
               Tin
               ,
               &c.
               tho
               it
               should
               arise
               to
               double
               the
               value
               ,
               for
               that
               will
               keep
               our
               Money
               ,
               and
               imploy
               our
               Poor
               at
               home
               .
            
          
           
             
               To
               perform
               the
               Third
               .
            
             
               Let
               a
               joint
               Stock
               of
               Merchants
               ,
               or
               of
               the
               General
               Office
               of
               Land-Credit
               provide
               a
               Fleet
               ,
               and
               defray
               all
               the
               Expence
               thereof
               ,
               for
               which
               the
               State
               may
               be
               pleased
               to
               grant
               only
               20
               
                 per
                 Cent.
              
               for
               nine
               Years
               ,
               without
               paying
               the
               principal
               Sum
               disbursed
               on
               that
               occasion
               .
               And
               let
               only
               the
               third
               of
               the
               Complement
               of
               the
               said
               Fleet
               be
               able
               Seamen
               ;
               Soldiers
               ,
               Land-men
               ,
               Boys
               ,
               and
               disabled
               Seamen
               ,
               will
               serve
               for
               the
               rest
               .
            
             
             
               Let
               the
               Prizes
               ,
               paying
               one
               tenth
               part
               to
               the
               King
               ▪
               be
               disposed
               of
               by
               the
               Undertakers
               ,
               &c.
               of
               which
               every
               Seaman
               in
               the
               Action
               shall
               have
               his
               just
               Share
               .
            
             
               Let
               all
               that
               serve
               in
               the
               Fleet
               be
               exempted
               from
               being
               impress'd
               ,
               and
               have
               their
               standing
               Posts
               in
               the
               Royal-Navy
               according
               to
               their
               Seniority
               ,
               and
               the
               Benefit
               of
               Hospitals
               ,
               Pensions
               ,
               &c.
               as
               others
               ,
               these
               being
               in
               the
               Nations
               Service
               ,
               as
               much
               as
               those
               Seamen
               imployed
               by
               the
               Government
               .
            
             
               The
               Undertakers
               and
               Managers
               of
               the
               Joynt-Stock
               ,
               with
               some
               Merchants
               ,
               may
               serve
               as
               an
               Admiralty
               for
               this
               Fleet.
               
            
             
               Let
               the
               Officers
               be
               chosen
               by
               the
               Undertakers
               ,
               and
               recieve
               their
               Commissions
               from
               the
               Admiralty
               .
            
             
               When
               our
               Trade
               shall
               be
               regulated
               and
               protected
               ,
               we
               shall
               have
               larger
               Exportations
               ,
               and
               consequently
               import
               more
               Bullion
               than
               now
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             It
             is
             humbly
             offered
             to
             serious
             Consideration
             .
          
           
             THAT
             all
             clipt
             Money
             should
             pass
             at
             the
             former
             Value
             ,
             provided
             the
             present
             Weight
             be
             stampt
             upon
             it
             at
             the
             Mint
             .
          
           
             That
             all
             false
             Money
             shall
             pass
             ,
             having
             a
             Stamp
             upon
             it
             hard
             and
             chargeable
             to
             be
             Counterfeited
             ,
             till
             called
             in
             and
             made
             good
             by
             Authority
             .
          
           
             That
             bad
             Money
             thus
             made
             current
             ,
             and
             hindred
             from
             increasing
             ,
             will
             make
             a
             quick
             Trade
             ,
             and
             equal
             a
             small
             Sum
             by
             frequent
             Circulation
             to
             a
             great
             Sum
             which
             moves
             slow
             .
          
           
             If
             by
             this
             means
             ,
             Money
             can
             be
             prevented
             from
             being
             clipt
             ,
             and
             counterfeit
             Money
             from
             being
             made
             ,
             't
             is
             the
             speediest
             and
             easiest
             Redress
             without
             danger
             .
          
           
             That
             there
             can
             be
             no
             better
             reason
             pretended
             for
             exporting
             Bullion
             ,
             but
             the
             Norway
             and
             East-India
             Trade
             ,
             which
             ought
             to
             be
             regulated
             ,
             if
             not
             thought
             fit
             to
             be
             prevented
             :
             But
             if
             there
             must
             necessarily
             be
             Exportation
             ,
             't
             is
             better
             to
             export
             it
             Coined
             ,
             and
             to
             have
             the
             Nation
             bear
             the
             Coinage
             charge
             ,
             by
             which
             Manufacture
             some
             will
             be
             here
             imployed
             ;
             the
             Credit
             of
             our
             Coyn
             abroad
             will
             be
             some
             Honour
             ,
             and
             nothing
             but
             the
             Coinage
             lost
             ,
             which
             is
             among
             our selves
             ,
             and
             't
             is
             likelier
             to
             return
             when
             coined
             than
             uncoined
             .
             And
             if
             the
             Merchant
             hath
             the
             same
             weight
             and
             fineness
             out
             of
             the
             Tower
             as
             he
             brought
             in
             ,
             every
             one
             will
             bring
             it
             thither
             ,
             let
             it
             be
             at
             what
             price
             it
             will
             abroad
             .
             And
             when
             more
             can
             be
             got
             by
             our
             English
             Commodities
             than
             by
             Money
             ,
             none
             will
             export
             Money
             ,
             and
             ,
             that
             none
             may
             be
             ,
             we
             ought
             to
             lessen
             the
             Consumption
             ,
             
             if
             not
             totally
             forbid
             the
             use
             of
             Foreign
             Commodities
             ,
             and
             save
             or
             lessen
             our
             Foreign
             Expence
             .
          
           
             Many
             Treatises
             have
             been
             writ
             on
             this
             Subject
             ,
             some
             give
             us
             the
             History
             of
             Coyn
             not
             altogether
             unuseful
             ;
             some
             are
             drest
             Mathematically
             ,
             that
             their
             Assertions
             may
             seem
             the
             more
             cogent
             ,
             but
             many
             of
             them
             are
             besides
             the
             mark
             :
             Which
             is
             only
             to
             provide
             ,
             That
             our
             Native
             and
             Manufactured
             Commodities
             exoprted
             may
             exceed
             the
             Value
             of
             all
             Foreign
             consumable
             Commodities
             imported
             ,
             as
             much
             as
             ,
             or
             more
             than
             our
             Foreign
             Expence
             of
             Armies
             ,
             &c.
             amounts
             to
             ,
             and
             then
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             must
             of
             necessity
             be
             brought
             back
             to
             ballance
             the
             Overplus
             ,
             and
             this
             no
             Law
             nor
             Cunning
             can
             hinder
             ,
             and
             without
             this
             care
             no
             Law
             nor
             Cunning
             can
             preserve
             us
             .
          
           
             For
             suppose
             we
             should
             call
             two
             Crowns
             but
             five
             Shillings
             ,
             no
             Home
             nor
             Foreign
             Trader
             could
             come
             by
             this
             five
             Shillings
             ,
             but
             for
             ten
             Shillings
             worth
             of
             Goods
             or
             Labour
             ,
             and
             then
             't
             is
             the
             same
             thing
             .
             And
             suppose
             we
             should
             call
             one
             Crown
             ten
             Shilling
             ,
             no
             Home
             or
             Foreign
             Trader
             will
             let
             us
             have
             but
             five
             Shillings
             worth
             of
             Goods
             or
             Labour
             for
             the
             same
             ;
             so
             that
             't
             is
             not
             calling
             Money
             by
             a
             higher
             or
             lower
             Denomination
             alters
             the
             Value
             ,
             but
             what
             it
             can
             purchase
             .
          
           
             Have
             the
             Bank-Dollers
             in
             Holland
             been
             altered
             in
             their
             Name
             or
             Weight
             by
             the
             rise
             of
             Bullion
             there
             ,
             which
             some
             report
             to
             be
             risen
             ,
             tho
             others
             deny
             it
             ?
             Nor
             is
             there
             more
             or
             better
             reason
             here
             to
             alter
             our
             Standard
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             nothing
             can
             keep
             or
             export
             our
             Money
             but
             a
             Ballance
             ,
             and
             that
             will
             and
             must
             against
             all
             Law
             and
             Trick
             whatsover
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             To
             the
             Honourable
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             ,
             A
             Proposal
             for
             making
             good
             the
             light
             and
             clipt
             Money
             ;
             bumbly
             tendered
             by
             Dr.
             
               Hugh
               Chamberlain
            
             .
          
           
             THE
             said
             Doctor
             for
             some
             Years
             last
             past
             made
             several
             Advantagious
             Proposals
             to
             this
             House
             ,
             for
             passing
             currant
             Credit
             upon
             valuable
             Pledges
             .
             One
             of
             which
             was
             in
             February
             (
             93
             )
             ,
             reported
             by
             a
             Committee
             of
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             ,
             practicable
             ,
             and
             tending
             to
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             Nation
             .
          
           
             That
             divers
             Persons
             have
             this
             Session
             made
             to
             this
             Honourable
             House
             Proposals
             evidently
             built
             upon
             the
             Doctor
             's
             Foundation
             ,
             as
             can
             easily
             be
             made
             appear
             ,
             when
             commanded
             .
          
           
             The
             Doctor
             relying
             upon
             the
             Justice
             of
             this
             House
             for
             a
             preference
             ,
             in
             case
             his
             Proposal
             be
             but
             equal
             to
             those
             ;
             and
             depending
             upon
             their
             Wisdom
             (
             in
             case
             the
             same
             be
             more
             advantagious
             )
             therefore
             humbly
             submits
             to
             this
             Honourable
             House
             what
             follows
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             That
             for
             all
             clipt
             and
             light
             Money
             brought
             into
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             Bills
             of
             Current-Credit
             shall
             be
             by
             Order
             of
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Treasury
             ,
             issued
             out
             of
             the
             Office
             of
             Land-Credit
             ,
             payable
             according
             to
             the
             Direction
             of
             this
             Honourable
             House
             ,
             at
             three
             Months
             certain
             from
             the
             date
             of
             such
             Orders
             .
          
           
           
             Secondly
             ,
             That
             all
             the
             new
             Money
             ,
             so
             fast
             as
             Minted
             ,
             may
             be
             paid
             into
             the
             said
             Office
             of
             Land-Credit
             ,
             to
             answer
             the
             said
             Bills
             ,
             issued
             by
             such
             Orders
             of
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Treasury
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             That
             since
             this
             House
             hath
             thought
             fit
             to
             Vote
             but
             Twelve
             hundred
             thousand
             Pounds
             to
             make
             good
             the
             Clipt
             Money
             ,
             the
             said
             Office
             of
             Land-Credit
             humbly
             offers
             to
             perform
             the
             same
             for
             Sixty
             thousand
             Pounds
             
               per
               Annum
            
             ,
             for
             Thirty
             Years
             ;
             or
             an
             Hundred
             and
             twenty
             thousand
             Pounds
             
               per
               Annum
            
             ,
             for
             Fifteen
             Years
             ;
             which
             is
             either
             Five
             
               per
               Cent.
               per
               Annum
            
             ,
             for
             Thirty
             Years
             ;
             or
             Ten
             
               per
               Cent.
               per
               Annum
            
             ,
             for
             Fifteen
             Years
             ,
             without
             Payment
             of
             the
             Principal
             Sum.
             And
             this
             Proposal
             comprehends
             all
             the
             Advantages
             offered
             by
             Mr.
             Briscoe
             ,
             at
             two
             fifths
             cheaper
             to
             the
             Nation
             :
             But
             if
             that
             Gentleman
             (
             as
             some
             report
             )
             shall
             fall
             from
             his
             first
             Proposal
             of
             One
             hundred
             thousand
             Pounds
             ,
             to
             Seventy
             five
             thousand
             
               per
               Ann.
            
             for
             forty
             years
             ,
             which
             will
             then
             be
             after
             the
             Rate
             of
             Four
             Pounds
             thirteen
             shillings
             and
             eight
             pence
             ,
             
               per
               Cent.
               per
               Ann.
            
             or
             Five
             
               per
               Cent.
               per
               Ann.
            
             wanting
             one
             sixteenth
             part
             for
             the
             forty
             years
             ,
             yet
             will
             this
             Proposal
             still
             be
             one
             fifth
             in
             the
             whole
             cheaper
             to
             the
             Nation
             than
             his
             ,
             and
             this
             may
             be
             redeemed
             at
             any
             time
             whenever
             the
             Parliament
             shall
             please
             .
          
           
             Fourthly
             ,
             'T
             is
             humbly
             hoped
             ,
             that
             this
             ,
             being
             no
             small
             service
             at
             this
             time
             to
             the
             Nation
             ,
             shall
             not
             want
             ,
             at
             least
             ,
             an
             equal
             Encouragement
             from
             the
             Government
             with
             the
             Bank
             of
             England
             ;
             it
             being
             on
             far
             better
             terms
             than
             Mr.
             
             Briscoe's
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             superior
             to
             his
             ,
             as
             his
             to
             the
             Bank
             of
             England
             .
          
           
             Fifthly
             ,
             That
             if
             the
             House
             shall
             think
             fit
             to
             enlarge
             their
             Allowance
             for
             Clipt
             and
             Light
             Money
             ,
             and
             to
             grant
             their
             Charitable
             Relief
             to
             such
             poor
             persons
             as
             through
             
             Mistake
             and
             Ignorance
             receive
             Counterfeit
             Money
             ,
             the
             said
             Office
             will
             undertake
             at
             the
             same
             rate
             of
             Five
             
               per
               Cent.
            
             for
             thirty
             years
             ,
             or
             Ten
             
               per
               Cent.
            
             for
             fifteen
             years
             ,
             to
             perform
             the
             same
             :
             Which
             great
             Charity
             of
             this
             Honourable
             House
             may
             preserve
             abundance
             of
             poor
             Families
             from
             extreme
             Misery
             ,
             otherwise
             inevitable
             to
             them
             ;
             their
             All
             often
             consisting
             in
             such
             Counterfeit
             Money
             .
          
           
             That
             the
             Doctor
             ,
             in
             the
             Infancy
             of
             this
             Increase
             of
             Counterfeit
             Money
             ,
             did
             humbly
             insinuate
             to
             divers
             Members
             of
             the
             late
             Parliament
             ,
             the
             dangerous
             and
             chargeable
             Consequences
             ,
             that
             ,
             unless
             timely
             prevented
             ,
             were
             likely
             then
             to
             ensue
             ,
             and
             have
             since
             but
             too
             truly
             been
             verified
             ;
             he
             now
             presumes
             to
             offer
             to
             the
             Consideration
             of
             this
             Honourable
             House
             ,
             with
             all
             dutiful
             Deference
             to
             their
             great
             Wisdom
             ,
             That
             if
             some
             effectual
             Provision
             be
             not
             immediately
             made
             ,
             for
             the
             Employing
             and
             Maintaining
             the
             Poor
             ,
             the
             Mischievous
             Consequences
             that
             may
             ensue
             the
             Neglect
             of
             it
             ,
             may
             possibly
             prove
             fatal
             .
             To
             avoid
             which
             Danger
             ,
             Proposals
             may
             be
             humbly
             offered
             ,
             whenever
             this
             Honourable
             House
             will
             please
             to
             Command
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           THE
           Reader
           is
           desired
           not
           to
           be
           offended
           ,
           if
           he
           meets
           with
           frequent
           Repetitions
           in
           these
           Papers
           ,
           but
           to
           consider
           they
           were
           written
           at
           several
           times
           ,
           as
           occasion
           required
           .
        
      
    
  

