Obseruations concerning the present affaires of Holland and the Vnited Prouinces, made by an English gentleman there lately resident, & since written by himselfe from Paris, to his friend in England
Spiegel der Nederlandsche elenden. English
Verstegan, Richard, ca. 1550-1640.
1621
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Obseruations concerning the present affaires of Holland and the Vnited Prouinces, made by an English gentleman there lately resident, & since written by himselfe from Paris, to his friend in England
Spiegel der Nederlandsche elenden. English
Verstegan, Richard, ca. 1550-1640.
131, [1] p.
English College Press],
[Saint-Omer :
Printed Anno M. DC. XXI [1621]
English gentleman = Richard Verstegan.
Place of publication and name of press from STC.
A translation, possibly by Richard Verstegan, of his: De spiegel der Nederlandsche elenden.
Running title reads: Obseruations concerning the affayres of Holland.
Reproduction of the original in the Cambridge University Library.
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Netherlands -- History -- Wars of Independence, 1556-1648 -- Early works to 1800.
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OBSERVATIO●●
CONCERNING
THE
PRESENT
AFFAIRES
.
OF
HOLLAND
AND
THE
VNITED
PROVINCES
,
Made
by
an
English
Gentleman
there
lately
resident
,
&
since
written
by
himselfe
from
Paris
,
to
his
friend
in
ENGLAND
.
Printed
Anno
M.DC.
●●●
THE
AVTHORS
EPISTLE
TO
HIS
FRIEND
.
WORTHY
,
&
welbeloued
Friend
,
you
shal
please
to
vnderstand
,
that
at
my
late
being
at
the
Hage
in
Holland
,
I
receaued
your
leter
,
wherin
you
desire
me
to
describe
vnto
you
the
Countrey
;
&
condition
of
the
people
,
as
also
to
know
my
opinion
of
their
cause
and
quarrell
against
the
King
of
Spayne
,
about
which
they
haue
so
long
troubled
the
world
:
Moreouer
how
I
find
thē
in
their
thankefulnes
vnto
our
State
,
for
so
longe
sticking
vnto
them
,
and
ayding
them
:
And
what
those
differences
are
which
are
lately
risen
vp
among
them
about
matters
of
Religion
.
This
letter
of
yours
I
had
no
tyme
to
answere
frō
thence
,
neither
would
the
answering
it
there
haue
beene
conuenient
;
I
therefore
deserred
the
answere
,
vntill
my
comming
into
France
,
to
which
iourney
I
was
resolued
before
the
receit
of
your
letter
;
because
(
to
deale
truely
with
you
)
I
could
not
any
longer
endure
to
heare
the
lauish
and
vile
speaches
,
which
a
sort
of
base
vnbridled
people
dayly
disgorged
against
the
Maiesty
of
our
King
,
whereof
in
the
ensuing
discourse
somwhat
more
shal
be
spoken
.
And
indeed
this
intollerable
demeanour
of
theirs
toward
the
Maiesty
of
so
great
and
so
bountifull
a
Prince
,
and
to
whome
they
are
so
much
beholding
,
hath
giuen
me
good
cause
aswell
to
looke
into
the
iustnesse
of
their
wars
against
the
King
of
Spaine
,
as
into
their
in
gratitude
vnto
the
King
and
State
of
England
,
and
therby
to
become
the
more
able
to
giue
you
satisfaction
to
the
demands
in
your
letter
.
I
must
notwithstāding
confesse
,
that
since
my
aryuall
heer
in
Paris
,
I
haue
for
some
whyle
deferred
it
:
for
as
on
the
one
side
I
had
a
great
desyre
thereunto
,
so
on
the
other
syde
,
I
found
in
my selfe
a
kind
of
vnwillingnes
to
begin
it
;
which
vnwillingnes
I
protest
vnto
you
,
proceeded
of
a
conceaued
feare
to
offend
you
,
when
in
deliuering
you
the
very
true
and
playne
truthe
of
thinges
as
they
are
,
you
might
fynd
me
altered
in
mynd
and
iudgment
from
what
I
was
when
I
was
cōuersant
with
you
in
England
.
But
considering
that
the
true
duety
of
a
friend
is
,
with
his
friend
to
deale
vnfaignedly
,
I
haue
now
at
last
vndertaken
the
taske
so
to
do
.
And
in
such
regard
must
intreate
you
,
to
excuse
me
,
and
not
to
let
my
ignorance
of
the
time
when
I
cōuersed
with
you
be
put
in
opposition
against
the
better
knowledge
which
experience
of
ryper
years
hath
yielded
me
;
for
you
must
think
that
by
trauailing
abroad
in
other
Countryes
,
&
conuersing
with
men
of
vnderstanding
of
diuers
nations
,
who
in
these
parts
are
accustomed
to
frenesse
of
speach
;
by
reading
the
iudicious
writings
of
such
credible
Authors
,
as
haue
noted
downe
the
actions
of
State
of
this
time
;
as
also
by
the
obseruatiōs
which
myselfe
haue
made
,
I
haue
seen
as
it
were
a
mist
wip●d
away
frō
before
myne
eyes
,
and
thereby
am
come
to
discerne
that
,
which
truth
&
reason
hath
made
manifest
vnto
me
,
as
I
make
no
doubt
you
also
will
become
to
do
,
when
with
vnpartial
patiēce
you
will
haue
pleased
to
read
,
what
heere
for
your
satisfaction
I
haue
written
;
that
thereby
we
may
agre
aswel
in
mind
&
iudgment
,
as
we
do
in
ancient
amity
.
And
thus
leauing
you
to
God
,
in
all
kind
affection
I
take
of
you
my
leaue
.
You
know
the
hand
.
From
Paris
the
20.
of
March
,
after
this
stile
&
computation
.
THE
CONTENTS
OF
THE
CHAPTERS
.
A
Briefe
description
o●
the
Country
,
&
People
of
Holland
;
with
a
true
relation
of
the
beginning
of
their
rebellion
against
their
●lawfu●l
Soueraigne
Lord
,
King
Philip
the
second
of
Spayne
.
Chap.
I.
How
dishonora●le
it
was
,
for
Queene
Elizabeth
of
England
,
to
take
the
Hollanders
parts
against
the
King
of
Spayn
:
how
she
oppressed
and
impouerished
her
subiects
for
th●ir
sakes
,
and
endangered
her
owne
Crowne
and
Kingdome
.
Chap.
II.
Whether
England
hath
receaued
any
benefite
by
defending
the
quarrell
of
the
Hollanders
;
or
whether
the
Hollanders
haue
endeauoured
to
deserue
the
friendship
they
haue
receaued
from
thence
,
or
haue
any
way
shewed
themselues
gratefull
for
it
.
Chap.
III.
Whether
England
can
expect
any
benefite
by
continuing
to
take
the
Hollanders
parts
;
and
whether
the
Hollanders
do
deserue
the
same
,
by
wishing
,
or
desiring
the
continuance
of
the
State
and
Gouernement
of
England
as
now
it
standeth
.
Cha.
IIII.
Of
the
present
state
of
the
Hollanders
;
&
of
the
diuision
among
them
about
matters
of
Religion
:
and
whether
respect
of
Religion
may
vrge
England
still
to
assist
them
.
Chap.
V.
CHAP.
I.
A
briefe
description
of
the
Countrey
and
People
of
Holland
;
with
a
t●u●
Relation
of
the
beginning
of
their
rebellion
,
against
their
lawfull
Soueraigne
Lord
,
King
Philip
the
second
of
Spayne
.
HOLLAND
at
the
creation
of
the
world
was
no
Land
at
all
,
and
therefore
not
at
the
first
intended
by
God
or
nature
for
a
dwelling
place
of
men
,
for
it
was
then
&
long
after
a
sea
,
and
consequently
the
habitation
of
fishes
.
Had
it
been
meant
for
a
habitatiō
of
men
,
it
had
not
only
been
such
high
ground
,
that
it
should
not
haue
beene
continually
subiect
to
the
inundation
of
the
●ea
,
but
also
haue
beene
able
to
haue
yeelded
the
inhabitants
bread
to
eate
,
&
wood
,
or
stone
to
build
witha●l
;
and
the
foure
elements
would
not
haue
conspired
together
to
be
there
all
naught
,
&
by
being
naught
vnto
men
,
to
shew
their
disl●ke
of
vsu●pers
that
depriue
fishes
of
●heir
due
dwelling
places
.
Being
then
at
the
first
wholy
sea
,
by
reason
of
the
fla●s
&
shallows
thereof
,
●t
was
partly
by
ban●kes
raised
of
〈◊〉
and
earth
,
through
the
labour
of
m●n
,
and
partely
by
sandy
down●s
o●
〈◊〉
driuen
together
by
the
r●ge
of
the
waues
,
encroached
vpon
&
gotten
from
the
sea
,
by
the
old
Ancest●urs
of
the
now
Inhabitantes
.
The
Co●n●rey
then
except
these
ban●kes
and
do●●nes
,
lyeth
all
as
low
and
leuel
as
water
hath
made
it
.
In
it
are
neither
mountaynes
nor
fountaynes
,
nor
hath
nature
affoarded
them
within
the
earth
the
meanest
of
the
seauen
mettalles
,
or
any
mineral
matter
at
al.
But
what
shal
I
speak
of
their
want
of
mynes
in
the
earth
,
when
they
haue
want
of
earth
it self
;
and
yet
notwithstanding
their
want
therof
,
are
faigne
to
make
vse
of
that
litle
they
haue
for
their
fuell
,
and
so
begin
to
burne
vp
their
Countrey
before
the
day
of
Iudgement
.
Grasse
they
haue
,
and
that
is
all
the
greatest
good
that
their
ground
can
affoard
them
,
and
heerof
butter
and
cheese
are
the
wittnesses
:
but
for
this
one
benefit
,
they
want
many
which
other
Countries
haue
that
haue
this
as
wel
as
they
.
To
say
the
truth
,
I
do
not
know
any
benefits
peculiar
to
themselues
whereof
they
may
boast
,
except
only
two
:
the
one
is
their
hauing
of
a
Country
which
is
the
fittest
for
rebelliō
in
all
Christendome
;
and
the
other
is
,
that
by
reason
of
the
great
lownesse
of
their
dwelling
,
they
are
the
neerest
neighbours
to
the
Diuel
,
of
any
nation
liuing
vpon
earth
.
For
other
singularities
among
the
people
,
I
haue
noted
,
that
they
are
generally
so
bred
vp
to
the
Bible
,
that
almost
euery
Cob●er
is
a
Dut●h
Doctor
of
diuinity
,
and
by
inward
illumination
of
spirit
vnderstadeth
the
Scripture
as
wel
as
they
that
wrote
it
.
Yet
fal
those
inward
illumination●
so
different
,
that
so
mety
mes
seauen
religions
are
found
together
in
one
family
;
the
man
of
the
house
being
of
one
religion
,
the
wyfe
of
another
,
and
the
children
and
seruants
of
others
:
but
many
more
may
there
be
in
one
house
if
the
family
be
greater
,
by
reason
of
the
great
store
of
religions
that
are
there
dayly
increasing
&
currant
;
for
there
were
not
more
differēt
languages
at
the
tower
of
Bah●l
,
then
ther
are
differēt
beliefs
in
Holland
;
vpon
which
plurality
of
Sects
a
friend
of
myne
made
this
Epigramme
:
The
first
confusion
that
the
VVorld
besell
,
VVas
in
the
many
speaches
variation
,
VVhen
men
had
sought
,
●igh
vnto
Heauen
to
dwel
,
By
making
on
a
Towre
their
habitation
.
But
to
the
VVorlds
astonishment
and
griese
,
A
new
confusion
now
is
falne
agayne
,
Consisting
not
in
language
,
but
beliefe
,
And
far
exceeding
seauenty
sorts
and
twayne
:
VVhich
make
their
choice
in
this
low
Land
to
dwel
,
VVhere
they
are
neerest
neighbours
vnto
hell
.
Those
of
Holland
&
the
ad●acent
partes
rerme
thēselues
of
the
Vnited
Prouinces
;
but
neuer
people
in
this
world
liued
in
a
more
disunited
vnity
;
so
great
a
confusion
hath
this
freedome
brought
amongst
them
of
euery
Idiots
babling
out
of
the
Bible
.
Hell
is
nothing
so
odious
vnto
this
people
,
as
is
the
Spanish
Inquisitiō
,
albeit
they
liue
in
more
danger
of
hell
then
of
it
.
The
reason
why
they
so
much
hate
it
,
is
because
it
hateth
the
Babel
of
their
belief
But
notwithstāding
their
professed
freedom
of
al
Religions
,
they
can
finde
meanes
without
vsing
the
name
of
●n
Inquisition
,
to
depresse
two
Religions
,
to
wit
,
the
Oldest
,
and
the
Newest
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
Catholike
Religion
,
and
the
Arminian
Religion
:
these
they
let
not
to
puni●h
in
body
and
in
goodes
,
with
imprisonment
also
,
and
banishment
.
They
had
rather
heare
blasphemy
vttered
against
God
,
then
any
word
of
the
abridging
of
any
their
priuiledges
,
which
they
conserue
so
inuiolably
,
that
they
haue
quite
broken
the
best
,
and
abused
all
the
others
:
so
as
the
reason
why
they
stand
so
much
vpon
them
,
appeareth
to
be
,
because
they
would
haue
no
body
to
be
the
breakers
of
them
,
but
The
high
powersull
Lords
the
States
themselues
.
The
words
of
Soueraigne
authority
Sic
volo
,
sic
iubeo
,
are
in
tollerable
in
their
eares
,
for
their
taking
place
before
right
and
reason
,
as
Langenes
telleth
vs
,
in
his
booke
of
Mappes
printed
at
Amsterdam
1599.
It
seemeth
they
much
affect
the
Storke
,
because
,
as
they
say
,
she
seeketh
not
to
liue
in
any
Countrey
that
is
gouerned
by
a
King
,
and
therefore
when
she
coms
into
Europe
,
she
holds
her
residence
most
in
Switzerland
,
and
Holland
.
The
regiment
of
a
Beast
with
seauen
heades
pleaseth
them
best
,
because
it
is
a
monster
that
ryseth
out
of
the
sea
,
and
because
possibility
giueth
hope
that
any
Beer-brewer
,
or
Basket-maker
by
vulgar
cōmendation
of
his
friends
,
may
at
one
tyme
or
other
be
raised
to
the
dignity
of
one
of
The
powerfull
Lords
the
States
.
One
great
prerogatiue
I
must
confesse
this
people
to
haue
,
which
they
do
not
bragge
of
,
and
this
is
,
that
when
at
the
day
of
Iudgement
the
wicked
shall
say
vnto
the
Mountaines
fall
vpon
vs
,
&
vnto
the
hills
couer
vs
;
those
that
be
wicked
in
Holland
because
they
haue
no
hills
,
shall
but
need
to
cut
their
bankes
through
,
&
the
sea
of
it self
wil
straight
wayes
ouer
whelme
them
.
I
am
verily
perswaded
,
that
if
this
people
had
been
the
rebels
of
any
other
King
or
Prince
in
the
world
then
of
th●
King
of
Spain
,
he
would
as
well
haue
made
the
sea
to
haue
holpen
him
to
reuenge
his
quarell
vpon
them
,
as
they
haue
made
it
to
assist
them
in
their
rebellion
against
him
:
and
that
this
by
the
sea
might
be
brought
to
passe
is
apparent
inough
,
and
the
sea
it selfe
gaue
proofe
therof
,
when
not
forty
yeares
before
this
their
great
rebellion
,
it
drowned
foure
hundred
&
foure
of
their
villages
.
Nor
would
themselues
omit
to
do
the
same
,
if
they
might
therby
haue
the
like
aduantage
against
the
King
of
Spayne
:
for
in
sundry
places
both
of
Flanders
and
Brabant
,
they
haue
long
since
begon
some
practise
of
it
,
to
the
disaduantage
of
the
sayd
King
,
and
the
detriment
of
such
of
his
subiects
as
liued
vnder
him
in
their
due
obedience
.
But
now
to
be
no
longer
tedious
vnto
you
in
this
Countrey
and
peoples
description
,
I
wil
come
vnto
the
beginning
and
originall
cause
of
their
rebellion
.
Yo●
shall
therefore
vnderstand
,
that
King
Philippe
the
second
before-named
,
departed
out
of
these
Netherlands
towards
Spayne
in
the
yeare
of
our
Lord
1559.
then
being
in
full
possession
of
all
the
seauenteene
Prouinces
,
to
wit
,
of
the
seauen
now
vnited
in
rebelon
,
whereof
Holl●nd
is
the
chiefe
,
and
the
ten
others
.
The
Soueraignty
of
all
which
Prouinces
,
he
receaued
as
true
and
sole
heyre
successiuely
from
his
Father
the
Emperor
●harle
the
fifth
,
who
in
like
manner
had
them
successiuely
frō
his
Father
,
to
whome
they
likewise
were
descended
from
his
Ancestours
.
At
his
departure
,
he
left
all
these
Countryes
in
peace
&
plenty
,
hauing
no
ciuill
broyles
amongst
themselues
,
nor
warres
with
other
Nations
.
Their
religion
was
the
same
wherunto
aboue
eight
hundred
yeares
before
they
were
brought
,
when
first
they
were
conuerted
from
Paganisme
to
Christianity
:
to
the
maintenance
of
which
Religion
,
as
also
of
the
Ecclesiasticall
state
in
all
her
rig●ts
and
priuiledges
,
the
sayd
King
was
sworne
,
as
to
one
of
the
chiefest
of
all
other
priuiledges
.
He
left
for
supreme
Gouernesse
vnder
him
in
these
Prouinces
the
Lady
Margaret
Duchesse
of
Parma
his
natural
sister
by
the
Fathers
side
:
but
neither
left
he
any
Spanish
Lifetenant
Gouernour
of
any
of
these
Prouinces
vnder
her
,
nor
had
he
any
army
or
troopes
of
Spanish
souldiers
in
al
the
Country
,
but
left
ech
particuler
gouernement
to
the
Nobility
of
the
Country
it selfe
,
with
other
benefits
bestowed
vpon
euery
of
them
.
And
besides
the
sundry
benefits
both
in
titles
of
honour
,
and
in
riches
which
the
aforesayd
Emperour
Charles
had
bestowed
vpon
William
of
Nassaw
,
Prince
of
Orange
;
this
King
Philip
his
sonne
,
not
diminishing
but
much
augmenting
them
,
left
him
also
Lifetenant
Gouernour
of
some
of
these
Prouinces
.
Thus
departed
the
sayd
king
Philip
into
Spayne
,
without
giuing
the
least
cause
of
discontentment
to
any
of
the
Nobility
or
people
of
these
Countries
,
leauing
them
all
in
obligation
of
loue
&
loyalty
,
&
in
more
florishing
estate
thē
euer
they
were
before
.
But
as
prodigall
seruants
are
wont
to
beare
themselues
in
the
absence
of
their
maisters
,
so
some
of
this
forsayd
Nobility
bearing
themselues
far
aboue
the
limits
of
their
meanes
,
became
greatly
behind
hand
,
and
indebted
,
&
thereupon
attendant
for
some
one
or
other
remedy
(
now
in
the
absence
of
their
Soueraigne
Lord
)
which
might
keep
their
estates
from
declyning
wholy
to
ruine
.
And
amongst
these
,
there
lurcked
in
the
hart
of
the
aforsaid
William
of
Nassaw
Prince
of
Orange
,
as
well
a
desyre
of
reuenge
,
as
of
remedy
for
the
vnderpropping
of
his
decayed
estate
.
This
desire
of
reuenge
was
not
for
any
wronges
or
iniuries
donne
or
suffred
to
be
donne
vnto
him
by
the
king
of
Spayne
,
but
a
reuenge
forsooth
,
because
the
greedy
appetit
of
his
insatiable
ambition
was
not
fully
satisfyed
.
For
knowing
that
the
King
of
Spayne
after
he
had
receaued
possessiō
of
these
Netherland
Prouinces
,
must
needs
returne
agayne
into
Spayne
,
and
leaue
some
generall
Gouernour
thereof
behind
him
,
he
laboured
by
what
meanes
he
might
both
by
himselfe
and
such
of
the
Nobility
as
were
of
his
faction
,
that
this
authority
might
be
giuen
vnto
the
Lady
Christierna
Duchesse
of
Lorayne
,
&
daughter
vnto
the
sister
of
the
Emperour
Charles
the
fifth
,
who
was
maryed
vnto
Chri●●iernus
the
third
,
King
of
Denmarcke
;
and
this
Duchesse
had
a
daughter
called
the
Lady
Dorothy
,
and
with
this
Lady
the
aforesayd
Prince
of
Orange
meant
to
haue
maryed
,
that
by
this
meanes
after
the
death
of
the
Duchesse
Christierna
he
might
haue
come
to
haue
beene
Supreme
gouernour
of
the
whole
low
Countries
.
But
by
reason
of
the
Duchesse
of
Parma
her
being
preferred
vnto
this
dignity
,
&
his
designment
broken
,
he
out
of
cōceaued
reuenge
went
and
maryed
with
a
daughter
of
Mauritius
Duke
of
Saxony
being
in
religion
a
Lutheran
;
and
with
her
returned
agayne
into
the
Netherlandes
,
retayning
still
in
his
hart
the
mali●e
which
he
had
cōceaued
,
&
the
expectation
of
some
occasiō
of
further
reueng
,
with
reparation
of
his
decayed
estate
.
Now
is
it
to
be
noted
,
that
albeit
Martin
Luther
the
New-Religiō-maker
of
Germany
,
dyed
not
past
three
years
before
king
Philip
departed
out
of
these
Netherlandes
,
yet
were
there
already
,
by
meanes
of
him
and
his
disciples
six
seueral
religions
risen
vp
in
these
Coūtries
,
to
wit
,
The
religion
which
Luther
himselfe
had
first
begune
,
The
religion
of
the
Anabapstists
,
The
religiō
of
the
Caluinists
,
The
religion
of
the
Loyistes
,
The
religion
of
the
family
of
loue
,
and
the
religion
of
the
Georgists
:
of
which
six
,
for
your
more
satisfactiō
I
will
heere
giue
you
(
though
briefly
)
some
particuler
relation
.
Martin
Luther
when
he
had
made
his
reuolt
from
the
Catholike
Roman
Church
,
fynding
that
there
were
some
thinges
taught
,
and
obserued
in
the
same
Church
,
that
were
thereto
descended
by
ancient
tradition
,
and
also
deduced
from
the
scriptures
,
though
not
expressly
therein
mentioned
,
thought
with
himself
that
the
only
way
for
him
to
draw
many
disciples
after
him
,
was
,
to
proclayme
in
all
his
sermons
and
writings
,
that
we
ought
not
to
belieue
or
do
nay
thing
concerning
faith
&
religion
,
but
that
which
was
expressly
comaunded
and
set
downe
in
the
written
Word
of
God.
By
this
deuyce
in
the
beginning
he
found
great
applause
,
especially
among
the
vulgar
sort
,
into
whose
handes
he
had
thrust
Bibles
and
Testaments
translated
by
himself
into
Dutche
,
to
the
best
aduantage
of
his
doctrine
.
But
it
was
not
long
after
that
some
of
these
his
disciples
grew
so
subtile
,
as
to
examine
his
doctrine
by
his
owne
rule
,
and
to
see
if
all
that
he
had
taught
them
were
expressly
to
be
found
in
the
written
Word
of
God.
In
which
examination
,
they
found
that
the
Christening
of
yonge
children
was
not
there
to
be
found
;
and
thereupon
esteeming
the
baptisme
of
children
to
be
of
no
force
,
they
reuolted
from
him
and
rebaptized
themselues
,
and
so
began
the
sect
of
the
Anabaptists
.
After
these
,
Andrew
Carolostadius
,
one
of
the
first
and
greatest
disciples
of
Luther
,
who
with
him
allowed
the
baptisme
of
children
,
although
not
expressed
in
Scripture
,
began
to
dissent
frō
〈◊〉
in
opiniō
of
the
real
presence
of
Christ
in
the
Sacrament
,
albeit
expressed
in
Scripture
;
which
opinion
being
imbraced
by
Zuinglius
and
others
,
and
afterward
p●●lished
by
Iohn
Caluin
,
left
vnto
his
followers
the
name
of
Caluinists
.
The
Loyists
tooke
their
name
of
one
Lo●
,
by
occupation
a
Slater
,
and
a
townseman
of
Antwerp
,
who
was
so
confident
in
his
right
vnderstanding
of
Scripture
by
inward
illumination
from
heauen
,
that
being
furnished
of
money
by
certayne
rich
Merchantes
of
that
citty
whom
he
had
brought
to
be
of
his
Sect
,
trauailed
to
Wittemberge
to
dispute
with
Luther
,
and
to
conuert
him
to
his
religion
:
but
Luther
finding
him
so
to
interpret
the
Scripture
as
to
deny
the
resurrection
of
the
dead
,
to
hold
that
the
soules
of
the
good
are
immortal
and
do
go
to
God
,
and
that
the
soules
of
the
euill
do
consume
away
and
come
to
nothing
,
and
consequently
that
there
is
neither
Diuel
,
nor
Hell
,
except
the
hell
of
this
world
,
and
the
Men-diuels
in
it
;
Luther
offered
rather
to
dispute
with
him
with
fistes
,
then
with
Scripture
:
wherupon
Loy
finding
such
harsh
entertaynment
returned
to
Antwerp
again
,
&
left
Luther
vnconuerted
.
But
hauing
in
Antwerp
seduced
and
brought
many
to
be
of
his
opinion
,
after
he
had
recanted
his
doctrine
and
fallen
to
it
againe
,
he
was
finally
burnt
.
The
family
of
Loue
began
by
one
Henry
Nicholas
a
Mercer
,
or
Seller
of
Silks
,
also
of
Antwerp
,
who
held
among
other
thinges
,
that
man
ought
to
be
Deifyed
in
God
,
and
God
ho●●●fyed
in
man
;
and
that
men
may
haue
their
heauen
first
heer
in
this
world
by
liuing
in
that
deifyed
loue
they
ought
to
do
,
and
heereafter
in
Heauen
also
.
The
last
of
these
six
was
the
sect
of
Dauid
George
a
Glasse
painter
of
Delft
in
Holland
.
This
monster
secretly
taught
his
disciples
,
that
in
himselfe
was
infused
the
soule
of
the
true
Messias
and
Sauiour
of
the
World
,
that
he
was
more
then
Elias
,
more
then
S.
Iohn
Baptist
,
yea
more
then
Christ
.
These
six
sects
beginning
now
to
grow
and
spread
themselues
in
sundry
parts
of
the
Countrey
,
though
some
increased
more
then
some
,
the
Georgistes
keeping
themselues
more
secret
then
any
of
the
others
;
there
was
now
no
remedy
for
the
preseruation
of
the
subiects
from
so
great
confusion
in
religion
,
as
also
from
the
dayly
increase
of
more
Sects
,
&
the
great
inconueniences
iustly
feared
thereby
to
arise
,
then
by
putting
in
practise
the
Placarts
or
Ordinances
of
the
Emperour
,
being
no
other
then
consonant
vnto
the
ancient
lawes
of
all
other
Countryes
in
Christendome
,
as
also
for
the
preseruation
of
the
Oath
which
the
Emperour
,
and
his
Son
the
King
of
Spayne
had
take
in
this
Country
,
for
maintenance
of
the
ancient
established
Religion
and
Clergy
.
These
lawes
then
being
now
begun
to
be
put
in
execution
,
and
diuers
of
those
that
were
of
these
Sects
put
to
death
,
but
of
none
more
then
of
that
of
the
Anabaptists
;
certain
of
the
decayed
Nobility
aforesayd
,
of
which
faction
William
of
Nassaw
was
the
chiefe
,
seeing
that
all
this
made
for
them
,
&
that
somthing
must
needes
come
of
it
,
whereby
they
might
fall
to
fishing
in
a
troubled
water
,
sought
by
all
meanes
to
get
themselues
beloued
of
all
these
Sectes
,
that
in
the
end
they
might
benefite
themselues
by
that
which
most
preuailed
.
Wherupon
in
the
Moneth
of
April
in
the
yeare
of
our
Lord
1566.
in
the
Towne
of
Bruxells
they
exhibited
vnto
the
L●
.
Margaret
aforsaid
a
supplication
,
wherin
they
requyred
a
repeale
or
moderation
of
all
rigorous
Placartes
,
or
Lawes
made
concerning
Religion
.
Let
now
any
man
of
reason
or
iudgment
consider
of
the
lawfullnes
of
this
demaund
,
and
whether
themselues
that
demaunded
it
,
could
with
good
conscience
moue
the
same
,
the
very
mouing
of
the
demaund
it selfe
plainely
arguing
little
respect
or
conscience
in
the
demaunders
,
&
declaring
plainely
,
that
the
thing
they
sought
was
for
their
owne
endes
;
and
that
taking
part
at
the
last
with
that
Sect
which
came
to
domimere
aboue
the
rest
,
as
in
the
end
one
must
needes
doe
,
they
might
sticke
thereunto
,
and
so
by
flatte
and
open
rebellion
make
vp
their
mouthes
by
the
ouerthrowe
of
the
ancient
Clergy
that
was
in
possession
of
good
〈◊〉
and
huinges
,
to
which
all
these
new
Sects
did
beare
equal
hatred
,
albeit
ech
or
them
did
neuerthelesse
hate
one
another
.
This
request
being
as
is
aforesayd
presented
vnto
the
Lady
Margaret
in
the
moneth
of
April
,
she
promised
them
to
send
it
into
Spaine
,
and
to
require
from
thence
,
resolution
and
answere
t●ereof
.
The
request
she
sent
,
but
the
answere
they
attended
not
,
but
gaue
f●●thwith
such
hart
and
encouragment
vnto
the
Sectaryes
,
that
within
few
weeks
after
the
request
was
sent
away
,
they
began
to
preach
publikely
in
sundry
Townes
and
Cittyes
,
vpon
a
selfe
assumed
authority
,
euen
in
despite
of
all
Lawes
and
Magistrates
;
and
thereupon
fell
to
robbing
and
spoyling
of
Churches
throughout
al
the
Countrey
.
Vpon
this
the
King
of
Spayne
as
a
Prince
most
carefull
of
his
Oath
,
and
of
the
good
of
his
subiects
,
was
enforced
to
send
into
these
Netherlands
the
Duke
of
Alua
,
to
take
vpon
him
the
generall
gouernment
,
which
in
so
troublesome
a
world
was
too
great
a
charge
to
be
menaged
by
a
woman
.
This
Duke
ariuing
in
these
partes
in
the
moneth
of
August
,
in
the
yeare
1●67
.
which
was
the
yeare
following
;
the
Lady
Margaret
resigned
vnto
him
the
gouernement
,
and
departed
out
of
the
Countrey
.
The
Duke
now
being
placed
in
the
gouernement
,
began
to
learne
out
,
and
informe
himselfe
what
persons
they
were
that
had
conspired
togeather
in
this
busines
,
and
had
giuen
the
onset
and
countenance
vnto
these
rebellious
Sectaryes
,
and
Sacrilegious
Church-robbers
;
&
finding
the
Earles
of
Egmont
and
Horne
,
and
some
other
Gentlemen
to
be
culpable
of
this
crime
,
they
were
apprehended
,
and
beheaded
in
Bruxels
But
VVilliam
of
Nassaw
Prince
of
Orange
,
the
chiefest
Ring
leader
of
this
sedition
,
so
soone
as
he
heard
of
the
ariuall
of
the
Duke
,
got
him
away
into
Germany
,
and
by
his
flight
declared
himselfe
to
be
guilty
,
as
by
experience
afterward
it
proued
.
Heere
now
it
is
to
be
considered
,
whether
in
the
sight
and
iudgement
of
the
whole
World
,
the
King
of
Spaine
had
not
all
right
and
reason
on
his
side
,
to
vse
such
meanes
as
he
did
for
the
punishment
of
such
capitall
offenders
,
and
to
imploy
the
subiects
of
one
Countrey
,
for
the
chastisement
of
the
Rebells
of
another
,
when
he
had
no
other
remedy
.
And
whether
any
King
or
Prince
liuing
in
the
world
,
could
in
honour
,
or
iustice
winke
at
,
&
put
vp
such
great
and
capital
crymes
and
insolencyes
committed
by
his
subiects
,
as
is
a
generall
and
publique
sacrilegious
Church-robbery
,
and
the
spoyling
of
the
Clergy
,
for
the
preseruation
of
whose
priuiledges
he
had
so
solemnely
taken
his
oath
,
and
to
suffer
the
dooers
quietly
to
passe
vnpunished
,
&
to
let
euery
man
openly
professe
&
follow
such
new
and
neuer
heard
of
doctrine
,
as
his
owne
fancy
should
inuent
,
or
of
his
owne
choice
he
should
best
like
;
which
euen
those
themselues
that
are
at
this
day
the
successours
of
these
first
rebells
in
some
of
these
Netherlands
,
doe
find
so
inconuenient
,
for
gouernement
,
that
notwithstanding
their
first
profession
,
that
euery
man
ought
to
haue
his
free
exercise
or
Religion
according
to
his
owne
conscience
,
they
do
prohibite
to
such
,
as
they
like
not
.
The
Duke
of
Alua
hauing
caused
iustice
to
be
executed
,
first
vpon
some
of
the
principall
conspiratours
,
and
after
vpon
other
inferiour
offenders
,
did
at
last
in
the
yeare
of
our
Lord
1570.
by
order
from
the
King
of
Spaine
,
cause
a
general
pardon
to
be
proclaimed
,
wherof
if
VVilliam
of
Nassaw
Prince
of
O●ange
and
his
adherents
had
taken
the
offered
benefite
,
all
further
troubles
had
ceased
:
but
to
the
contrary
they
laboured
,
both
by
secret
seditious
preachers
,
as
by
other
such
like
agents
to
spread
abroad
that
the
King
of
Spayne
had
broken
the
Countrey
priuiledges
;
as
thogh
the
Countrey
had
had
priuiledges
that
churches
might
forsooth
be
robbed
,
&
no
man
called
in
question
for
it
,
&
that
euery
man
might
professe
what
religion
he
listed
,
were
it
neuer
so
naught
,
or
new
,
the
prohibiting
whereof
and
the
conseruation
of
Ecclesiasticall
priuiledges
,
to
which
the
King
was
sworne
,
being
the
only
cause
,
as
to
all
the
world
was
apparent
,
why
the
sayd
King
was
constrayned
to
send
the
Duke
of
Alua
,
and
Spaniardes
into
the
Countrey
,
which
els
had
neuer
beene
thought
of
.
So
as
the
true
blame
which
the
King
of
Spayne
hath
deserued
,
is
not
for
breach
of
priuileges
,
but
for
seeking
to
restore
priuiledges
which
his
disobedient
subiects
had
broken
;
the
which
if
he
had
not
done
,
then
might
he
haue
beene
thought
negligent
and
carelesse
of
his
Oath
:
but
this
,
the
equity
of
his
conscience
would
neuer
permit
.
I
am
not
ignorant
that
some
fooles
haue
made
other
fooles
belieue
,
that
the
King
of
Spayne
at
his
departure
out
of
these
Netherlands
,
did
promise
euery
seauen
yeare
to
returne
thither
againe
,
and
that
the
breach
of
his
promise
gaue
cause
sufficient
for
these
his
subiects
to
rebell
.
This
foolish
allegation
deserneth
no
answere
.
Yet
least
some
wiser
people
might
be
abused
by
fooles
,
I
●ill
leaue
them
to
consider
,
that
there
was
no
cause
why
his
Maiesty
should
bind
himselfe
to
any
such
condition
,
his
predecessors
before
him
hauing
beene
free
,
and
the
Countrey
comming
vnto
him
by
right
of
succession
,
as
it
did
to
them
:
Experience
hauing
also
shewed
the
inclination
of
the
people
to
rebellion
,
being
grown
proud
by
reason
of
their
Wealth
,
and
new-fangled
also
by
reason
of
the
choyce
of
Religions
;
in
so
much
that
the
Duke
of
Alua
saw
it
necessary
to
mayntayne
certayne
garisons
of
soldiers
in
castles
&
conuenient
fortifyed
frontier
places
in
the
Countrey
;
which
he
made
known
vnto
the
King
of
Spayne
,
&
sent
vnto
him
for
prouision
of
money
,
because
he
found
the
sayd
King
vnwilling
to
haue
his
subiects
of
this
Countrey
burdened
with
any
more
taxations
thereabout
.
But
what
successe
heereof
ensued
,
shall
appeare
in
the
next
Chapter
.
CHAP.
II.
How
dishonourable
it
was
,
for
Queene
Elizabeth
of
England
,
to
take
the
Hollāders
parts
,
against
the
King
of
Spayn
:
How
she
oppressed
,
and
impouerished
her
subiects
for
their
sakes
;
and
endangered
her
owne
Crowne
and
Kingdome
.
BEFORE
I
begin
to
speake
of
Queen
Elizabeth
of
England
her
assisting
the
rebelled
subiects
of
Holland
against
the
King
of
Spayne
,
it
is
not
impertinent
to
the
purpose
,
to
call
to
mind
whether
there
were
any
cause
of
emnity
giuen
vnto
her
by
meanes
of
any
wronges
or
iniuryes
offred
her
by
the
King
of
Spayne
,
in
former
tyme
,
in
regard
wherof
she
might
now
take
the
oportunity
of
reuenge
.
This
King
Philip
the
second
of
Spayne
hauing
beene
maryed
in
England
to
Queen
Mary
,
was
neuer
known
to
haue
beene
disaffected
to
the
Lady
Elizabeth
,
for
so
was
she
then
called
;
but
cōtrary
wise
did
shew
himself
to
be
the
greatest
freind
●he
had
in
the
world
:
which
hee●e
in
briefe
to
declare
,
you
must
nore
,
that
this
Lady
E●izabeth
,
being
then
a
subiect
vnto
her
sayd
sister
Queen
Mary
,
chaunced
to
fall
into
sundry
troubles
,
for
which
she
was
imprisoned
in
the
Tower
of
●on●on
,
and
retayned
in
durance
at
Woodsto●k
▪
and
other
places
.
M.
Fox
the
Author
of
the
English
Protestant
Martyrologe
,
wryting
of
this
Ladies
inprisonment
,
declareth
not
any
cause
why
;
but
because
he
putteth
her
in
his
history
of
others
that
suffred
for
protestant
religiō
he
intendeth
to
haue
his
reader
imagine
her
to
haue
suffred
some
persecutiō
also
for
the
same
cause
,
whereby
he
thinketh
not
a
little
to
honour
her
.
But
had
her
troubles
beene
for
Religion
indeed
,
Fox
would
then
neuer
haue
omitted
to
set
down
her
examinations
about
the
same
,
and
her
answeres
thereunto
,
in
defence
of
some
such
poin●s
as
are
in
controuersy
betwen
Catholiks
&
Protestan●s
;
as
about
the
real
presence
of
Christ
in
the
Sacrament
,
or
about
prayer
to
Saints
,
or
prayer
for
the
Dead
,
or
some
one
or
other
point
,
as
wel
as
he
hath
set
down
,
the
examinations
and
answeres
of
so
many
others
,
to
their
great
glory
,
as
he
takes
it
:
but
heer
is
nothing
found
,
Fox
in
this
in
silent
,
and
leaues
his
reader
to
imagine
of
himself
that
it
was
for
religiō
.
For
something
it
was
,
but
that
it
was
for
religiō
be
could
not
make
manifest
,
for
that
this
Lady
in
al
the
tyme
of
the
raigne
or
her
sister
,
dayly
did
heare
Masse
,
went
vsually
to
Confession
,
and
in
all
points
shewed
her selfe
a
Catholike
;
yea
three
weekes
after
she
was
proclaymed
Queene
she
had
Masse
in
her
own
Chappell
in
the
Court
,
and
permitted
it
to
be
sayd
in
all
Churches
throughout
the
whole
realme
for
the
space
of
seauen
monethes
after
,
which
is
no
signe
of
being
so
resolue
da
Protestant
as
that
she
would
suffer
imprisonment
for
that
religion
.
Her
troubles
,
in
very
deed
,
were
for
sundry
offences
against
Queene
Mary
her
sister
;
which
being
found
to
be
such
,
as
might
perhaps
haue
cost
her
her
life
,
if
they
had
come
vnto
publique
triall
of
Iustice
;
the
King
of
Spayne
was
so
greatly
her
freind
that
he
stayed
the
proceeding
thereof
,
and
so
not
only
saued
her
life
,
but
quit
her
also
from
the
publike
blot
and
stayne
of
treason
:
and
heerin
he
was
so
earnest
,
that
on
a
time
,
when
she
was
to
haue
come
to
her
answere
,
he
did
so
importune
Queene
Mary
his
wyfe
,
to
let
the
matter
passe
in
sylence
,
that
she
sayd
vnto
him
,
My
Lord
,
You
speake
very
earnestly
now
for
her
,
but
I
pray
God
she
do
not
one
day
make
you
repent
it
.
A
certaine
Spainsh
Author
wryteth
that
the
King
was
therevnto
also
moued
vpon
some
consideration
of
state
:
for
Queen
Mary
of
Scotland
being
then
maryed
vnto
the
french
king
Francis
the
second
if
the
Lady
Elizabeth
had
dyed
,
there
had
in
apparence
byn
great
possibility
that
the
Kingdomes
of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ir●land
might
come
to
haue
beene
annexed
vnto
France
,
the
sayd
Queene
of
Scotland
being
the
next
heyre
in
bloud
vnto
them
all
.
Queene
Mary
of
England
at
last
hapning
to
dy
,
King
Philip
her
husband
,
notwithstanding
the
caueat
giuen
him
by
his
late
deceased
Queen
,
did
so
cōtinue
his
good
affection
vnto
the
now
Queene
Elizabeth
,
that
being
then
in
the
Netherlands
,
he
sent
ouer
vnto
her
Monsieur
de
Assonuile
,
to
congratulate
her
aduancement
,
and
to
signify
his
gift
vnto
her
of
all
Queen
Maries
Iewells
,
which
being
his
owne
,
he
might
iustly
haue
detayned
vnto
himselfe
,
if
he
would
.
These
Iewells
she
seemed
very
thankfully
to
receaue
,
and
sayd
vnto
this
Monsieur
de
Assonuile
,
that
she
thought
her
brother
the
King
of
Spayne
might
thinke
much
in
her
for
change
of
religion
;
but
,
quoth
she
,
there
is
but
little
difference
betweene
his
religion
and
ours
,
almost
all
that
he
hath
in
Latin
we
haue
in
English
:
and
we
do
not
as
others
do
,
for
we
mayntayne
a
clergy
of
Bishops
and
other
Prelates
,
so
vs
we
are
in
effect
,
as
before
.
And
whereas
there
was
held
a
treaty
of
peace
between
the
Spanish
&
French
Kings
vpon
the
taking
of
S.
Quintins
,
the
king
of
Spayn
would
yield
vnto
no
agreement
with
the
French
,
vnlesse
it
were
also
conditioned
that
Callis
should
be
restored
backe
vnto
Queen
Elizabeth
of
England
▪
and
heerin
were
his
commissioners
that
treate●
with
the
French
so
earnest
,
that
in
the
end
the
french
to
be
rid
of
their
importunity
were
faygne
to
confesse
vnto
them
,
that
they
knew
that
they
tooke
more
paynes
then
they
were
desyred
to
do
;
for
that
the
English
had
playnly
told
them
that
they
had
not
set
them
on
work
in
any
such
busynes
;
which
was
a
signe
that
they
desired
not
to
be
beholding
vnto
the
king
their
maister
.
Of
which
whē
the
king
had
knowledg
,
he
stood
no
more
vpon
the
rendring
of
Callis
,
but
concluded
his
peace
with
the
french
without
it
,
which
as
thinges
did
afterward
fall
out
,
proued
a
happy
turne
to
himself
.
These
proofes
of
this
Kings
good
will
vnto
Queene
Elizabeth
being
thus
made
manifest
to
the
world
,
who
would
haue
thought
that
she
would
not
only
haue
omitted
all
signes
of
gratitude
,
but
within
a
litle
after
,
become
an
enemy
to
such
a
friend
,
yea
and
so
great
and
capitall
a
one
,
as
seldome
any
History
can
giue
witnes
of
the
like
.
Seeing
then
that
no
acts
of
gratitude
are
to
be
sought
after
;
let
vs
then
see
what
effectes
of
emnity
ensued
insteed
thereof
.
First
then
to
begin
withall
(
omitting
her
refusall
of
the
King
of
Spaynes
kind
endeauours
for
getting
the
French
to
restore
vnto
her
the
Towne
of
Callis
)
we
will
returne
vnto
the
duke
of
Alua
&
his
expected
prouisiō
of
money
from
Spayne
,
mentioned
in
the
former
Chapter
.
This
prouision
be●ng
the
summe
of
six
hundred
tho●sand
Ducates
,
comming
out
of
Spayne
〈◊〉
the
Netherlands
in
the
moneth
of
D●cember
in
the
yeare
15●1
.
was
on
the
West
coast
of
●ngland
seized
vpon
,
and
a●rested
by
the
English
.
By
meanes
of
which
wrongfully
detayning
this
money
of
the
King
of
Spaynes
,
the
D●ke
of
Alua
was
forced
to
demaund
the
tenth
pennv
of
euery
mans
goods
,
that
was
of
ability
for
his
supply
;
●ut
this
demand
of
his
(
caused
chiefly
thorough
the
said
English
arrest
)
was
cause
of
a
far
greater
detriment
vnto
the
King
of
Spayne
,
then
that
wrongfully
deta●ned
money
came
vnto
:
so
as
the
one
great
wrong
was
the
cause
of
another
far
greater
.
For
heereupon
all
the
Netherland
people
began
to
mutter
,
to
shew
a
generall
vnwillingnes
vnto
the
so
wide
stretching
of
their
purses
;
the
sediously
affected
took
Occasion
by
her
Forelockes
,
and
to
the
feare
of
this
taxe
added
the
faygned
feare
of
the
bringing
in
of
a
Spanish
Inquisition
.
One
Monsieur
de
Lymmay
,
vnderstanding
by
detayning
of
the
K.
of
Spaynes
money
in
England
,
what
hatred
that
Queen
began
to
beare
him
,
posteth
out
of
France
into
●ngland
,
where
shewing
his
readynes
to
any
rebellious
attempt
,
receaued
such
encouragement
by
promise
of
ayde
from
thence
,
and
such
fit
instructions
,
that
he
came
ouer
into
Holland
,
and
there
on
the
first
day
of
April
in
the
yeare
1572.
he
surprised
the
towne
of
Briel
,
the
first
in
all
the
Low
Countryes
,
that
set
it selfe
in
open
rebellion
;
after
whose
example
,
Flushing
,
Enchusen
,
and
others
followed
.
Heereupon
was
made
ouer
out
by
England
vnto
these
rebells
by
meanes
of
Syr
Thomas
Gressam
threescore
thousand
pounds
sterling
to
begin
withall
;
and
presently
after
followed
ouer
with
troopes
of
English
forces
,
Morgan
,
Gilbert
,
and
Che●●er
;
and
after
these
againe
North
,
〈◊〉
Ca●aish
,
and
Norris
,
all
made
Coronels
;
and
comming
thither
with
whole
regiments
,
receaued
from
tyme
to
tyme
great
supplyes
of
money
and
forces
from
England
,
which
grew
afterward
so
heauy
that
for
some
ease
in
the
sustayning
of
the
whole
●urthen
,
it
was
deuised
to
draw
the
Duke
of
Alancon
Brother
vnto
the
French
King
Henry
the
third
,
into
E●gland
,
vnder
colour
of
treaty
of
a
match
betweene
him
and
Queene
Elizabeth
:
but
in
the
end
it
proued
an
infortuna●e
match
betweene
him
,
and
the
Lady
Belgica
▪
for
he
was
sent
ouer
into
the
N●therlands
,
&
there
made
Anti
▪
Duke
of
Brabant
,
where
his
successe
was
such
,
as
ret●ring
from
thence
into
France
with
dishonour
,
he
there
not
long
after
,
dyed
of
griefe
.
In
this
designement
,
the
English
saw
their
expectation
greatly
deceaued
.
For
albeit
K.
Henry
the
third
of
France
had
refused
to
take
the
Hollanders
parts
,
hating
them
for
that
cause
which
no
Kinges
can
loue
such
people
;
yet
they
thought
by
getting
his
owne
brother
aforesayd
inuested
in
the
Duchy
of
Brabant
,
he
must
then
of
necessity
take
his
part
.
But
the
matter
now
falling
out
otherwise
,
the
burden
returned
and
remayned
heauyer
vpon
the
Queene
and
Realme
of
England
then
before
.
And
the
Prince
of
Orange
soon
after
the
death
of
the
Duke
of
Alan●on
being
slayne
,
the
Hollāders
remayned
as
a
body
without
a
head
,
vntill
the
Queen
of
England
sent
ouer
vnto
them
the
Earle
of
Leycester
,
with
great
prouision
both
of
men
,
and
money
,
accompanyed
with
diuers
Noblemen
and
Gentlemen
of
good
accompt
.
And
albeit
this
Earle
afterward
returned
into
England
againe
,
yet
continued
she
her
ayding
the
Hollanders
,
both
with
men
and
money
vnto
her
dying
day
.
And
it
is
thought
by
such
as
haue
made
calculation
of
this
great
and
long
continued
charge
,
that
she
so
oppressed
and
burthened
her
subiects
for
the
Hollanders
wars
,
that
she
had
more
money
from
them
by
Graunts
&
Subsides
,
&
such
other
meanes
,
then
had
all
the
Kings
of
England
from
the
tyme
of
the
Conquest
vnto
her
dayes
,
who
had
the
greatest
warres
with
France
.
And
I
haue
heard
some
Lawyers
affirme
,
that
she
did
extremly
wrong
her
poore
Subiects
,
by
sometymes
pressing
them
,
and
sending
them
perforce
to
her
seruice
out
of
the
Realme
;
seeing
,
as
they
say
,
no
Prince
by
the
Lawes
of
the
Realme
can
compell
any
of
his
subiectes
to
serue
in
warre
,
vnles
it
be
for
the
defence
of
the
Realme
at
home
▪
or
for
the
recouery
of
some
lost
Patrimony
of
the
Crowne
abroad
;
&
seeing
now
that
Holland
was
neuer
knowne
to
haue
beene
any
part
of
the
patrimony
of
the
Crowne
of
England
,
nor
any
pretence
of
iust
war
could
be
made
by
England
to
that
end
,
it
was
the
greater
wrong
and
iniustice
.
And
heere
by
the
way
I
must
also
note
vnto
you
,
that
at
the
beginning
,
for
a
long
time
of
her
ayding
the
Holland●rs
,
though
she
did
disguisedly
make
shew
of
friendship
&
amity
with
Spayn
,
and
had
not
only
her
Embassadour
in
Spayne
,
as
the
King
of
Spayne
had
his
also
in
England
;
and
in
all
her
publike
Proclamations
,
wherein
any
mention
happened
to
be
made
of
Holland
and
the
adiacent
partes
,
she
did
alwayes
call
them
,
The
Low
Countreyes
of
her
louing
Brother
the
King
of
Spayne
,
&
therby
acknowledged
that
which
she
could
not
deny
:
yet
euen
at
this
very
time
she
imployed
Syr
Francis
Drake
to
robbe
him
of
his
treasure
in
the
West
Indyes
,
Don
Bernardino
de
Mendoca
remayning
Ambassadour
Ledger
for
the
King
of
Spayne
in
England
,
both
then
and
long
after
,
yea
euen
at
the
very
tyme
when
Drak
was
arriued
home
with
his
booty
,
(
which
was
in
Nouember
in
the
yeare
1580.
)
and
being
all
this
while
an
eye
witnesse
not
only
of
the
sayd
Queenes
oppressing
and
impouerishing
her
own
subiects
at
home
,
for
the
ayding
of
the
foresayd
Hollanders
abroad
,
&
rebellious
subiectes
of
the
King
his
Maister
;
but
of
her
sending
forth
also
to
robbe
him
,
in
his
owne
dominions
,
therby
to
ayde
them
vnlawfully
with
their
Lords
own
treasure
.
If
now
from
the
first
to
the
last
,
the
deportement
of
the
Queene
of
England
towards
the
King
of
Spayne
in
the
long
continuance
of
so
many
great
wronges
and
iniuryes
,
be
but
indifferently
considered
;
what
man
,
though
but
of
meane
capacity
can
iudge
,
but
in
the
end
,
he
must
needes
be
prouoked
to
do
something
against
her
,
were
it
but
in
regard
of
Honour
,
he
being
a
King
so
great
and
potent
.
And
therefore
it
was
no
wonder
,
that
after
so
many
former
yeares
patience
,
he
was
in
the
end
(
and
that
also
with
an
addition
of
eight
yeares
forbearance
)
after
the
taking
of
his
aforsayd
treasure
(
in
which
tyme
al
detriments
that
could
be
done
him
,
both
by
Sea
&
Land
,
besides
the
ayding
also
of
Don
Antonio
(
the
pretended
King
of
Portugall
)
being
put
in
practise
)
forced
to
prepare
that
great
Armada
against
Englād
by
sea
,
which
he
did
in
the
yeare
1588.
though
with
no
successe
.
And
therefore
,
as
I
haue
heard
Strangers
that
are
indifferent
to
both
Nations
,
wonder
very
much
,
why
there
should
be
more
hatred
discouered
now
in
a
tyme
of
peace
and
amity
,
betweene
England
and
Spayne
,
in
the
English
Natiō
to
the
Spanish
,
then
in
the
Spanish
to
the
English
(
the
English
hauing
giuen
more
cause
a
great
deale
for
Spaniardes
to
hate
them
,
then
the
Spainards
haue
giuen
to
Englishmen
:
)
So
haue
they
likewise
noted
,
that
notwithstanding
the
misusage
in
England
of
the
Spanish
Ambassadour
himselfe
in
his
own
person
;
yet
the
Spanish
in
Spayne
doe
not
for
all
this
misuse
the
Ambassadour
of
England
;
the
cause
whereof
is
the
discreet
consideration
of
the
Spanish
Nation
,
who
can
discerne
this
misusage
to
proceed
from
such
pure-strayned
Ministers
,
as
are
possessed
with
the
fury
of
the
spirit
,
or
from
the
common
debaushed
people
,
that
doe
not
consider
,
or
haue
not
so
much
wit
,
as
to
think
when
they
see
a
Spanish
Ambassadour
in
England
,
that
his
Maiesty
likewise
hath
an
English
Ambassadour
in
Spayne
:
Nor
yet
to
set
before
their
eyes
the
example
of
the
carriage
of
the
chiefe
Nobility
,
and
of
the
better
and
wiser
sort
towardes
the
sayd
Ambassadour
and
Nation
;
nor
chiefly
and
aboue
all
his
Maiestyes
amity
&
friendship
with
the
King
of
Spayne
,
and
the
feare
of
his
indignation
and
punishment
due
vnto
such
barbarous
insolencyes
.
CHAP.
III.
Whether
England
hath
receaued
any
benefite
by
defending
the
quarrell
of
the
Hollanders
;
or
whether
the
Hollanders
haue
endeauoured
to
deserue
the
friendship
they
haue
receaued
frō
thence
,
or
haue
any
way
shewed
themselues
gratefull
for
it
.
TO
examine
and
search
out
the
benefits
which
England
may
haue
receaued
by
meanes
of
the
Hollanders
,
I
know
not
whereor
which
way
to
begin
.
The
Hollanders
,
or
their
friends
may
perhaps
say
,
that
it
was
a
benefit
great
inough
for
the
English
to
assist
them
,
in
reason
of
state
,
because
thereby
they
kept
out
warre
from
their
own
Country
.
But
what
an
excuse
this
is
?
when
as
the
English
neuer
needed
to
haue
feared
warre
in
their
own
country
,
but
for
their
cause
,
and
for
taking
their
partes
:
for
it
was
for
their
cause
that
the
English
seized
vpon
the
six
hundred
thousand
ducates
which
were
sent
out
of
Spayne
to
the
Duke
of
Alua
;
which
was
a
capital
cause
of
enmity
,
and
indeed
the
only
cause
that
enforced
the
sayd
Duke
to
demand
the
tenth
penny
of
the
peoples
goods
,
whereby
the
whole
common
multitude
became
disposed
the
sooner
to
rebellion
.
For
the
king
of
Spaynes
money
,
was
not
detayned
by
the
English
vpon
any
couetous
desire
to
haue
it
for
themselues
,
but
because
the
Duke
Alua
should
not
haue
it
to
employ
against
the
Hollanders
,
and
that
it
might
be
transported
from
England
vnto
the
Hollanders
,
&
so
come
to
be
vsed
by
them
against
the
sayd
Duke
,
to
whom
it
was
sent
to
haue
byn
imployed
against
them
for
their
Rebellion
.
But
it
may
be
further
alleaged
in
excuse
of
the
Hollanders
,
that
they
were
so
gratefull
,
as
they
offred
vnto
the
Queen
of
England
the
Soueraignty
of
the
Netherlandes
,
which
benefit
she
would
not
accept
of
,
and
therefore
it
was
not
their
fault
that
if
she
obtayned
it
not
.
To
this
may
be
sayd
,
that
the
Diuel
offred
to
haue
giuen
Christ
all
the
kingdoms
of
the
world
if
he
would
haue
worshipped
him
,
and
so
was
more
liberall
of
giuing
that
which
was
none
of
his
own
,
then
were
the
Hollanders
.
But
the
Queen
well
knowing
that
by
accepting
this
guift
whereunto
they
had
no
right
,
she
should
haue
been
sure
to
haue
drawn
a
perpetual
warre
,
and
the
whole
charge
thereof
vpon
her
shoulders
,
and
therefore
refused
this
their
liberality
;
yet
was
she
willing
notwithstanding
to
ayde
them
,
without
this
obligation
.
And
the
reason
was
;
because
she
still
retayned
a
hop
to
be
wholy
disburdned
,
or
at
least
much
holpen
in
the
bearing
this
charge
by
France
,
or
Germany
,
or
by
bringing
the
Hollanders
to
the
full
possession
of
the
whole
seuenteen
Prouinces
,
wherby
they
might
depend
vpon
themselues
.
It
may
also
be
alleaged
,
that
she
had
the
Cautionary
Townes
of
Briel
,
Flushing
&
the
other
places
,
deliuered
into
her
handes
.
True
it
is
,
she
had
so
,
and
thereby
enioyed
the
benefit
of
being
at
more
expence
both
of
men
and
money
.
Other
benefits
can
I
remember
none
;
nor
can
there
be
any
found
,
&
so
will
spare
the
labor
to
look
any
further
after
them
:
yet
because
ill
turnes
,
and
domages
may
more
readily
be
discouered
to
haue
heereby
happened
to
the
Queene
and
state
of
England
,
I
shall
set
downe
what
in
this
kind
I
haue
obserued
.
First
then
to
begin
with
the
afore
mentioned
Cautionary
Townes
,
it
appeareth
,
that
because
the
Hollanders
would
so
soone
as
they
could
,
be
the
freer
to
set
the
English
at
naught
,
hauing
by
meanes
of
the
Truce
with
the
King
of
Spayne
,
and
the
Archduke
Albert
,
gotten
togeather
some
spared
money
;
they
so
laboured
with
their
feed
freind
Sir
Raph
Winwood
(
a
better
Hollander
then
an
Englishman
)
that
for
paltry
payment
they
got
their
brydle
out
of
the
English
handes
,
and
thereupō
began
straightwayes
to
shew
their
gratitude
in
forbidding
the
bringing
of
English
dyed
,
and
dressed
clothes
into
Holland
,
and
their
adioyned
Prouinces
,
without
euer
making
the
king
or
his
Ambassador
Ledger
at
the
Hage
priuy
thereunto
.
Soon
after
,
to
make
amendes
for
this
their
saucy
and
vnmannerly
carriage
,
they
came
to
offer
the
Kings
Maiesty
himself
a
more
insolent
affront
.
For
whereas
the
Duke
of
Lennox
,
as
Admirall
of
Scotland
,
by
order
from
the
King
,
had
sent
one
M.
Brown
in
the
yeare
1616.
to
demaund
of
the
said
Hollanders
,
then
fishing
vpon
the
coast
of
Scotland
,
a
certayne
ancient
duty
,
called
Size
herring
;
with
much
a
do
they
payd
it
,
as
in
former
tymes
it
was
accustomed
;
but
yet
withsome
speaches
that
it
was
the
last
tyme
,
that
it
should
be
payed
.
The
same
M.
Browne
cōming
the
yeare
following
with
the
same
authority
and
commaundement
,
with
one
ship
of
the
Kinges
only
to
demaund
the
duty
afo●esayd
,
and
with
order
,
that
if
it
were
denyed
,
he
should
take
witnes
of
the
refusal
in
writing
,
and
so
peaceably
depart
;
being
come
aboard
one
of
their
ships
,
and
demanding
the
aforesayd
duty
,
he
was
by
the
Maister
therof
denyed
it
,
who
told
him
playnly
that
he
was
commaunded
by
the
States
of
Holland
not
to
pay
it
vnto
the
King
any
more
,
of
which
he
tooke
witnes
according
to
his
order
from
his
Maiesty
.
Whyles
this
was
a
doing
,
there
comes
aboard
that
ship
,
the
Maister
of
of
another
ship
of
Holland
,
&
demaunding
of
M.
Brown
his
name
,
he
replyed
that
his
name
was
Browne
:
Why
then
(
quoth
he
)
if
you
be
the
man
,
I
haue
order
to
arrest
you
,
and
to
carry
you
into
Holland
:
whereof
M.
Brown
gaue
notice
to
the
Maister
of
the
Kings
ship
,
requyring
him
to
aduertise
his
Maiesty
of
this
insolency
,
and
so
M.
Brown
was
arested
and
carryed
away
prisoner
into
Holland
.
About
this
tyme
,
as
I
also
haue
heard
it
credibly
reported
,
one
M.
Archibald
Rantkin
a
Scottish
gentleman
residing
at
Stockholme
in
Sweden
,
&
there
soliciting
for
the
payment
of
certayne
money
due
vnto
some
Londō
Merchāts
;
one
Van
▪
dyke
lying
there
also
as
Agent
for
the
States
of
Holland
,
sayd
vnto
some
principal
persons
of
the
Swedians
,
that
they
needed
not
be
to
hasty
in
paying
the
king
of
Englands
subiects
any
money
,
or
to
giue
them
any
respect
,
for
that
the
sayd
Kinges
promises
,
were
not
to
be
belieued
,
nor
his
threates
to
be
feared
.
For
which
villanous
and
insolent
speaches
,
being
afterward
challenged
by
Rantkin
,
he
had
no
better
excuse
then
to
say
,
he
was
drunke
when
he
spake
them
(
for
deny
them
he
could
not
)
and
so
his
excuse
of
playing
the
beast
,
excused
him
for
playing
the
man.
But
now
from
these
insolent
affronts
and
speaches
,
let
vs
come
to
deeds
,
and
see
how
they
haue
vsed
our
English
Nation
in
the
North
seas
,
on
the
coast
of
Groonland
&
those
partes
,
about
the
trayn-oyle
fishing
,
where
they
haue
offred
them
sundry
abuses
by
giuing
them
blowes
,
chasing
them
away
,
and
doing
vnto
them
diuers
oth●●
detriments
;
not
admitting
to
vnderstand
that
the
sea
fishing
is
free
for
euery
man
,
where
it
is
not
vpon
the
coast
of
any
Countrey
,
vnto
which
the
benefit
belongeth
by
ancient
prerogatiue
.
And
yet
is
all
this
but
little
in
regard
of
their
vsage
of
our
Nation
in
the
East
Indyes
,
wher
they
haue
as
fiercely
set
vpon
them
with
open
hostility
,
as
if
before
their
meeting
there
,
they
had
of
long
continuance
beene
mortall
enemyes
,
hauing
slaine
many
of
our
men
,
and
sunke
sundry
of
our
shipps
.
And
when
moreouer
they
haue
taken
some
of
our
men
prisoners
,
they
haue
vsed
them
,
in
the
sight
of
the
Indians
,
in
such
contemptible
and
disdainefull
manner
,
as
if
at
home
in
their
owne
Countryes
,
the
English
in
respect
of
them
were
but
an
abiect
and
a
slauish
Nation
;
and
that
the
Hollanders
were
either
their
Superiours
,
&
might
vse
them
at
their
pleasure
,
or
the
English
so
base
and
vnpowerfull
,
as
they
durst
not
be
reuenged
,
but
quietly
put
vp
any
iniury
at
their
handes
.
And
indeed
the
Indians
might
in
reason
coniecture
that
the
Hollanders
would
neuer
haue
dared
so
to
domineer
ouer
the
English
abroad
,
if
they
had
not
had
the
maistery
of
them
at
home
;
after
which
accounpt
&
reckoning
such
actions
abroad
are
wont
to
be
looked
into
.
What
thinke
you
now
of
our
English
Prouerbe
?
Haue
we
not
brauely
set
beggers
on
horsbacke
?
Nay
haue
not
Englishmen
(
the
premises
considered
)
great
reason
to
loue
the
Hollanders
,
and
to
hate
Spaniards
?
Yea
,
and
to
hate
Spaniards
only
for
the
loue
of
such
courteous
&
gratefull
Hollanders
?
And
as
for
the
commodious
trade
which
the
English
haue
had
in
Muscouy
for
more
then
threescore
and
ten
years
,
and
which
the
Hollanders
haue
now
quite
gotten
from
the●●
,
and
spoyled
,
what
shall
I
say
?
Seeing
they
are
about
to
make
recompence
for
the
same
by
doing
the
like
with
our
English
Merchants
in
Turky
.
And
it
is
a
thing
so
naturall
&
notorious
for
them
to
spoile
the
trade
of
other
Nations
,
that
when
they
cannot
find
occasion
to
do
it
,
they
will
not
sticke
to
spoile
one
another
,
so
great
is
their
auaricious
and
insatiable
desire
of
gayne
;
and
yet
all
this
proceedeth
but
out
of
a
certain
couetous
wretchednes
;
for
,
let
any
of
them
arriue
to
what
riches
he
will
,
he
knoweth
not
how
to
be
Noble
or
Generous
.
CHAP.
IIII.
Whether
England
can
expect
any
benefite
by
continuing
to
take
the
Hollanders
parts
;
and
whether
the
Hollanders
doe
deserue
the
same
,
by
wishing
,
or
desiring
the
continuance
of
the
State
and
Gouernement
of
England
,
as
now
it
standeth
.
THE
end
and
scope
whereunto
the
rebellious
wars
of
the
Hollanders
haue
tended
,
hath
beene
to
bring
themselues
into
as
free
and
qu●et
a
State
as
is
the
Republique
of
the
Switzers
,
which
they
might
haue
easily
done
by
the
help
they
haue
had
from
England
&
France
,
if
the
King
of
Spayne
had
wanted
the
meanes
or
the
will
to
haue
continued
warre
against
them
.
But
admit
they
had
arriued
vnto
this
their
designe
and
had
freely
and
quietly
gotten
the
full
possession
of
all
the
seauenteene
Netherland
Prouinces
,
is
it
not
like
that
they
would
then
haue
gotten
into
their
clawes
the
Duchyes
of
Cleue
,
&
Iuliers
,
with
the
other
parts
theron
dependant
,
seeing
they
haue
already
gotten
fotting
therin
?
And
hauing
once
incorporated
these
,
is
it
like
,
that
they
would
haue
suffered
the
Countrey
of
Liege
to
haue
remained
in
quiet
,
vnder
the
Rule
of
a
Bishop
?
When
as
the
colour
of
reformation
of
Religion
had
also
beene
sufficient
for
the
taking
away
of
the
Countrey
from
the
true
owner
?
Or
may
a
man
thinke
,
that
they
would
stand
vpon
titles
of
right
,
who
hold
not
the
least
place
they
possesse
by
any
right
at
all
?
Or
that
they
would
make
a
conscience
to
detayne
from
their
Neighbour
,
when
they
make
none
to
detayne
from
their
true
Lord
,
and
Maister
?
Surely
there
is
no
reason
to
think
other
wayes
:
and
yet
if
any
man
should
,
let
him
but
looke
into
their
attempt
vpon
Huys
,
&
also
vpon
Liege
the
principall
Citty
of
that
Countrey
,
not
long
since
put
in
practise
.
Put
the
case
then
,
that
they
had
arriued
vnto
their
desired
greatnes
,
that
is
to
say
,
to
haue
gotten
the
whole
seauenteene
Netherland
Prouinces
with
the
Duchyes
of
Cleue
and
Iuliers
,
&
the
rest
thereunto
dependant
,
as
also
the
Countrey
of
Liege
;
how
would
they
thē
haue
borne
themselues
towards
England
and
France
?
How
had
they
then
beene
able
to
haue
giuen
law
to
both
these
kingdomes
;
to
the
one
by
land
,
from
the
Countrey
of
Liege
cōfining
vpon
it
,
and
to
the
other
by
sea
,
by
being
able
to
ouertop
it
in
shipping
?
what
doubt
may
be
made
heereof
,
considering
what
a
correspondent
party
they
would
haue
found
in
France
by
their
most
confident
friends
the
Huguenots
,
and
in
England
by
no
lesse
friendes
the
Puritans
?
Who
cannot
now
discerne
that
the
King
of
Spayne
,
by
continuance
of
war
against
the
Hollanders
,
hath
highly
benefited
both
England
and
France
;
and
that
England
and
France
by
assisting
the
Hollanders
against
the
King
of
Spayne
,
haue
laboured
to
their
owne
cost
.
What
policy
might
it
then
haue
proued
for
England
and
France
,
if
the
Hollanders
had
by
their
help
preuayled
against
the
King
of
Spayne
,
when
they
should
therby
haue
prepared
an
irremediable
scourge
for
themselues
.
Let
it
then
be
truely
considered
,
whether
it
had
not
been
greater
policy
,
more
honorable
,
&
more
profitable
,
for
both
those
Nations
,
and
more
for
the
tranquility
of
Christendome
,
that
they
had
suffred
the
King
of
Spayne
to
haue
brought
these
his
rebellious
subiects
to
obedience
,
and
so
to
haue
gouerned
them
in
peace
,
to
the
end
he
might
haue
imployed
so
many
millions
,
as
he
hath
beene
forced
to
spend
in
the
Netherlād
warres
,
against
the
Turke
.
And
that
so
he
would
haue
done
,
if
he
might
heere
haue
inioyed
rest
and
quiet
,
who
can
doubt
?
Seeing
notwithstanding
these
his
long
wars
,
and
all
other
wars
therby
occasioned
,
both
by
sea
and
land
,
he
hath
,
to
his
euerlasting
prayse
and
honour
,
neuer
made
either
peace
or
Truce
with
that
capitall
enemy
of
Christendome
.
And
if
those
forsayd
many
millions
might
haue
bin
implo●ed
against
this
common
enemy
,
who
can
make
doubt
,
but
he
might
thereby
not
only
haue
beene
driuen
out
of
Europe
,
but
that
Hierusalem
,
and
all
Palestine
might
haue
beene
recouered
?
England
,
as
hath
beene
sayd
in
the
precedent
Chapter
,
hath
already
receaued
proofe
of
the
ingratitude
of
her
costly
Holland
friends
;
and
France
no
lesse
,
by
hauing
not
long
since
discouered
them
to
be
more
ready
to
take
their
partes
that
were
in
armes
against
the
now
regnant
King
,
then
the
Kinges
part
against
them
.
And
if
they
had
been
so
wary
as
to
haue
dissembled
som
what
longer
their
ingratitude
&
insolencyes
towards
England
and
France
,
yet
their
audacious
brauing
of
the
King
of
Denmark
(
notwithstanding
they
must
passe
with
all
their
corne
from
Danske
throgh
his
Sownd
)
were
inough
to
haue
discouered
their
proud
contempt
of
the
maiesty
of
Kinges
;
and
what
Neighbours
they
would
haue
proued
to
England
&
France
,
when
they
should
haue
arriued
to
their
expected
freedome
of
an
absolute
Republike
.
Let
it
then
be
considered
,
whether
England
or
France
,
could
euer
feare
to
be
so
much
endomaged
by
Spayne
,
as
by
them
;
or
that
Spayne
could
haue
so
ready
meanes
to
endomage
thē
,
as
the
Hollanders
;
or
could
haue
correspondence
in
either
Countrey
with
two
such
turbulent
factions
.
Thus
may
England
as
well
by
example
of
the
Hollanders
ingratitude
to
France
,
as
by
the
deere
purchased
experience
in
it selfe
,
cleerely
behould
what
apparence
there
may
be
of
expectation
of
any
least
benefite
by
their
meanes
;
since
none
can
be
found
,
none
be
looked
for
,
albeit
they
were
sought
after
with
the
lanterne
of
Diogenes
.
If
therefore
no
benefits
can
appeare
,
either
past
or
to
be
expected
,
let
vs
then
see
what
good
fortune
hath
otherwise
betyded
such
as
haue
beene
the
gretest
actors
in
this
rebellious
busines
,
whereby
it
may
appeare
to
the
World
,
how
their
endeauours
haue
beene
pleasing
to
God.
The
first
man
that
began
the
surprize
and
open
rebellion
of
Townes
in
Holland
,
was
the
aforenamed
Monsieur
de
Lymmay
.
This
man
amongst
other
presents
which
were
giuen
him
,
when
he
was
in
England
,
one
was
a
very
faire
great
mastiffe
Dog
,
which
he
much
esteemed
;
and
on
a
tyme
playing
with
him
,
he
bitte
him
so
soare
in
the
arme
,
that
he
could
by
no
meanes
be
cured
,
but
in
the
end
dyed
thereof
,
starcke
mad
,
and
raging
,
in
the
Towne
of
Liege
.
And
thus
came
he
to
his
death
by
being
bitten
of
a
Dog
,
that
had
beene
a
wolfe
vnto
many
Ecclesiasticall
persons
,
whose
bloud
without
all
forme
of
lustice
,
or
any
offence
by
them
committed
,
he
had
caused
to
be
shed
,
aswell
in
the
Towne
of
Briel
which
he
surpryzed
,
as
in
other
places
.
The
next
great
Actor
in
this
ill
busynes
was
the
Duke
of
Alancon
also
before
mentioned
.
This
Duke
after
he
had
in
the
Citty
of
Antwerp
beene
inuested
in
the
Duchy
of
Brabant
,
as
absolute
Soueraigne
;
fynding
not
withstanding
that
he
was
to
be
limitted
&
gouerned
by
such
as
he
accompted
his
subiects
;
&
seeking
thereupon
to
make
his
authority
more
absolute
,
drew
certayne
troopes
of
his
souldiers
into
the
Town
to
haue
surpryzed
it
,
himself
being
with
his
whole
army
hard
without
,
who
,
through
the
resistance
of
the
Townesmen
,
were
all
put
to
the
sword
.
Whereupon
he
with
his
whole
army
(
the
Artillery
from
the
walles
of
the
Towne
playing
vpon
him
)
was
forced
to
retyre
thence
in
extreme
disgrace
,
and
melancholy
,
as
a
defeated
enemy
;
and
in
the
end
to
returne
into
France
,
where
considering
the
tricks
that
had
by
n
put
vpon
him
in
England
,
and
what
disgrace
he
had
therby
receaued
in
Flanders
,
on
the
10.
day
of
Iune
in
the
yeare
1584.
he
dyed
of
conceaued
griefe
,
in
the
town
of
Chastea●
Theiry
,
and
so
lost
his
faire
possibility
of
wearing
the
crown
of
France
,
vnto
which
he
was
the
apparent
Heyre
.
The
next
and
chiefest
styrrer
in
this
busynes
,
was
William
of
Nassaw
,
Prince
of
Orāge
,
who
because
he
was
the
Arch-rebell
,
or
principall
Actor
in
this
great
rebellion
of
all
other
,
I
hold
it
not
vnfit
,
before
I
come
to
speak
of
his
death
,
briefly
to
run
ouer
the
thinges
of
most
note
in
his
life
.
This
Prince
,
as
in
the
first
Chapter
hath
byn
sayd
,
retyred
himself
into
Germany
so
soone
as
he
heard
of
the
Duk●
of
Alua
his
aryuall
in
the
Netherlandes
;
and
albeit
he
came
afterwards
backe
agayne
to
push
forward
his
begun
rebellion
;
yet
was
he
fayne
to
fly
the
second
tyme
into
Germany
,
from
whence
when
he
heard
that
the
Town
of
Briel
,
and
one
or
two
more
were
openly
rebelled
,
he
came
secretly
backe
into
Holland
,
and
being
in
very
poore
and
bare
estate
,
he
took
vp
his
lodging
in
the
Town
of
Tergow
,
in
the
howse
of
one
Kegeling
an
Apothecary
,
keeping
himselfe
very
secret
,
because
this
town
as
yet
held
for
the
king
of
Spayn
,
as
also
did
all
the
other
Townes
of
the
Country
except
two
or
three
.
But
the
Duke
of
Alua
his
demaunding
the
tenth
penny
aforesayd
,
hauing
bred
a
generall
disgust
and
auersion
in
the
myndes
of
the
people
;
certayne
scouts
of
rebellion
were
secretly
imployed
abroad
in
the
Country
to
sound
the
people
about
their
forwardnes
to
reuolt
.
Which
being
done
,
answere
was
returned
that
they
were
found
to
be
the●unto
ready
inough
,
so
they
might
haue
a
head
,
but
who
this
head
should
be
,
that
knew
they
not
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
heerupō
,
in
whose
behalfe
these
scouts
had
beene
imployed
,
called
a
consultation
of
some
fyue
or
six
irreligicus
Politikes
(
for
such
best
fitted
to
be
his
counsellours
)
to
consider
what
religion
he
were
best
to
be
of
,
for
of
all
the
religions
now
currant
he
could
not
be
;
and
not
declaring
himself
to
be
of
one
,
all
might
hold
him
to
be
of
none
.
For
he
had
so
caryed
himself
vntil
this
day
,
that
the
Catholikes
held
him
affected
to
them
;
The
Lutherans
to
them
;
The
Anabaptists
to
them
;
And
the
Caluinists
also
to
them
.
The
Catholikes
tooke
him
for
their
freind
,
because
they
thought
him
not
to
hate
their
religion
,
but
indifferently
well
to
affect
it
,
in
regard
that
he
had
beene
brought
vp
in
it
,
long
professed
it
,
and
had
made
as
yet
no
open
opposition
or
profession
against
it
;
and
for
that
he
protested
to
vndergo
this
busynes
for
the
mayntayning
of
their
rightes
and
priuiledges
,
and
to
free
the
Countrey
from
that
terrible
exaction
of
the
tenth
penny
aforesayd
.
The
Lutherans
tooke
him
for
their
frend
,
because
they
held
him
in
hart
to
be
of
their
religion
,
since
he
had
maryed
the
daughter
of
the
Duke
of
Saxony
,
who
was
now
a
Lutheran
,
in
publique
profession
;
and
that
he
must
in
reason
keep
good
correspondence
with
the
Lutherans
of
Germany
,
in
hope
of
hauing
ayde
from
them
.
The
Anabaptists
tooke
him
as
greatly
to
fauor
their
religion
,
because
his
Chamberlayne
being
the
chiefest
man
about
him
,
was
an
Anabaptist
,
(
called
of
his
fellow
Anabaptists
by
the
name
of
Mardochaeus
)
by
whose
meanes
this
Prince
became
greatly
beholding
vnto
them
,
for
the
loane
of
sundry
good
summes
of
money
,
which
he
had
receaued
of
them
.
The
Caluinists
thought
him
assuredly
their
friend
,
because
he
was
an
enemy
vnto
Spayne
&
Spaniards
,
and
because
he
could
not
but
see
them
more
forward
in
action
of
Rebellion
,
then
any
of
the
others
;
seeing
Briel
and
other
Townes
were
already
surpryzed
by
those
of
their
Nation
and
Religion
.
The
aforesayd
Counselours
considering
that
this
indifferent
carriage
of
the
Prince
,
could
but
argue
a
dispersed
affection
,
&
might
breed
many
iealousies
and
factions
,
and
wherby
he
could
not
procure
to
himselfe
the
assured
affection
of
any
one
syde
to
sticke
fast
vnto
him
;
their
resolution
must
now
be
taken
without
longer
delay
,
of
which
of
these
he
would
declare
himself
absotely
to
be
,
albeit
he
might
promise
fauour
and
protection
to
the
rest
.
There
was
no
great
need
of
learned
Deuins
to
dispute
the
matter
,
Scriptures
and
ancient
Fathers
were
not
important
to
be
looked
after
,
Faith
and
Conscience
had
heerin
no
clayme
,
and
Reason
of
State
did
put
the
Holy
Ghost
to
silence
.
It
was
therfore
first
debated
whether
it
were
best
&
most
for
this
Prince
his
aduantage
to
declare
himselfe
a
Catholike
,
because
the
face
of
the
State
was
yet
Catholike
.
To
this
was
alleaged
,
that
if
he
should
so
do
by
fauouring
all
opposite
to
the
Catholikes
,
the
Catholikes
would
therfore
disfauour
him
,
seeing
the
other
through
his
fauour
would
insult
vpon
them
:
and
so
might
there
be
danger
of
their
returning
to
the
obedience
of
the
King
of
Spayne
,
whom
thev
were
sure
was
of
their
religion
,
and
would
mayntayne
them
in
it
.
All
which
considered
,
it
was
not
thought
fitting
for
him
to
declare
himself
to
be
a
Catholike
To
declare
himself
a
Lutheran
,
was
also
thought
vnsit
,
because
the
Duke
of
Saxony
,
albeit
a
Lutheran
,
was
yet
a
freind
vnto
the
Emperour
,
and
the
howse
of
Austria
;
and
besides
the
Lutherans
were
but
flegmatike
&
cold
fellowes
,
and
too
farre
offto
giue
him
assistance
,
if
need
should
require
.
To
declare
himselfe
an
Anabaptist
,
was
held
lesse
fitting
,
for
albeit
they
had
shewed
more
heat
of
zeale
,
in
their
greater
number
that
had
suffred
for
their
religion
,
then
any
of
the
others
;
yet
were
they
but
of
the
meaner
sort
of
people
,
not
hauing
any
potent
persons
among
them
,
nor
any
forrayne
Prince
or
State
to
take
their
partes
.
In
fine
it
was
resolued
that
it
was
most
conuenient
for
him
to
declare
himself
a
Caluinist
,
in
regard
of
their
stirring
spirits
,
whereof
they
had
giuen
greater
proof
then
any
of
the
others
,
&
that
there
was
apparence
of
assistance
from
England
,
and
of
good
correspondence
with
the
Huguenots
of
France
.
Vpon
this
resolution
,
followed
straight-wayes
the
conuersion
of
this
Prince
of
Orange
vnto
Caluinian-Protestant
religion
;
and
his
new
gayned
greatest
friendes
so
bestirred
themselues
,
that
Town
vpon
Town
rebelled
especially
after
he
had
by
solemne
Oath
sworne
to
mayntayne
the
Catholike
Clergy
in
all
their
rights
and
priuiledges
,
and
in
publike
exercise
of
their
Religion
▪
about
which
point
yet
the
town
of
Amsterdam
amongst
others
,
very
precysely
capitulated
with
him
,
and
he
very
seriously
also
protested
and
swore
performance
of
the
conditions
:
which
Oath
notwithstanding
he
made
no
more
conscience
soone
after
to
breake
,
then
he
had
done
sundry
oathes
before
;
as
the
great
and
solemne
Oath
which
he
tooke
of
Fidelity
to
the
King
of
Spayne
,
when
he
receaued
the
Order
of
Knight-hood
of
the
golden
Fleece
;
the
Oath
of
fidelity
,
which
he
also
tooke
at
the
sayd
Kings
making
him
Lieftenant
Gouernour
of
Holland
&c.
besydes
his
sundry
other
perfidious
breaches
both
of
oaths
and
promises
.
And
because
there
is
not
any
fidelity
or
honest
dealing
to
be
expected
,
where
there
is
layd
no
ground
of
Religion
and
vertue
it
is
the
lesse
wonder
that
this
irreligious
Noble
Man
so
caryed
himself
in
choyce
of
religion
.
Certayne
it
is
,
that
he
was
at
the
first
a
Catholike
;
and
notwithstanding
that
his
malice
had
transported
him
so
farre
,
as
to
protect
and
shelter
some
most
sacrylegious
Church-robbers
;
yet
vpon
the
aryuall
of
the
Duke
of
Alua
,
and
before
his
flight
into
Germany
,
he
sent
for
his
eldest
some
Philip
(
who
was
Prince
of
Orange
next
after
him
)
at
that
tyme
a
student
in
the
Vniuersity
of
Louayne
,
and
most
straightly
charged
him
,
to
liue
and
dye
in
the
Catholike
Roman
Religion
,
as
the
sayd
Prince
hath
at
sundry
tymes
to
diuers
persons
yet
lyuing
protested
;
wherby
it
may
seem
,
that
at
that
tyme
he
had
yet
retayned
some
regard
of
religion
;
and
holding
that
for
the
best
,
commaunded
his
sonne
to
remayne
still
therin
.
Foure
wyues
he
had
,
the
first
was
a
Catholyke
,
the
second
was
a
Lutheran
,
the
third
and
fourth
were
Caluinists
;
which
perchance
was
because
he
found
no
noble
woman
fit
for
him
to
match
withall
that
was
an
Anabaptist
,
that
so
he
might
haue
had
foure
wyues
of
foure
seuerall
Religions
;
yet
to
shew
his
great
good
wil
vnto
the
Anabaptists
(
albeit
he
could
not
match
amongst
them
)
he
gaue
them
vnder
his
hand
wryting
the
priuiledge
&
freedome
for
exercise
of
their
religion
in
their
own
howses
,
which
they
yet
in
Holland
enioy
.
When
I
consider
the
life
and
actiōs
of
this
man
,
I
wonder
in
my self
,
that
the
blyndnes
of
the
popular
multitude
,
could
be
so
great
,
as
to
honor
and
extol
him
so
highly
,
and
to
accompt
him
the
great
Patron
and
Protectour
of
their
Country
,
that
was
the
greatest
enemy
therof
that
euer
it
had
;
and
who
was
the
cause
of
spilling
so
much
bloud
,
aswell
of
the
people
of
his
owne
Country
,
as
of
other
Nations
;
and
such
an
one
as
was
the
betrayer
,
&
transporter
also
thereof
,
vnto
another
Nation
,
as
much
as
in
him
lay
,
who
had
no
right
or
clay
me
thereunto
.
To
come
now
to
touch
the
end
of
this
man
,
when
I
cōsider
,
I
say
,
what
it
was
,
there
commeth
to
my
remembrance
this
saying
of
a
Pagan
Poet
:
Tyraennous
Lords
,
that
cause
Landes
to
rebell
,
VVithout
some
blow
,
can
hardly
come
to
Hell.
About
some
foure
yeares
before
the
death
of
this
Prince
,
he
was
for
his
offences
depriued
by
the
sayd
King
of
Spayne
his
soueraigne
Lord
,
of
all
the
authority
and
power
which
in
former
tymes
the
sayd
King
had
giuen
him
,
&
proclaymed
for
a
publike
enemy
vnto
the
King
,
the
peace
,
and
Weal-publike
of
the
Countrey
;
and
his
goods
&
person
exposed
to
open
violence
by
publique
sentence
.
In
the
end
after
some
attempts
to
that
effect
,
the
Prince
perceauing
,
what
victorious
successe
the
Duke
of
Parma
(
that
then
vnder
the
King
of
Spayne
commanded
in
the
Netherlands
)
now
began
to
haue
in
Flaunders
,
and
Brabant
,
he
fled
secretly
,
from
Antwerp
(
where
he
had
layne
lurcking
for
a
time
)
vnto
Delft
in
Holland
,
in
his
Armour
;
for
it
was
the
greatest
prayse
(
forsooth
)
that
this
valiant
Captayne
atchieued
in
these
warres
,
that
he
did
commonly
put
on
his
Armour
when
he
was
eight
or
ten
leagues
from
any
place
of
danger
.
Being
arriued
at
Delft
,
where
he
thought
himselfe
in
greatest
safety
,
he
was
vpon
the
tenth
day
of
Iuly
in
the
same
yeare
1584.
slayne
with
the
shot
of
a
Pistoll
,
by
one
Ealtazar
Gerard
(
aliâs
Serach
)
a
Burgundian
,
of
the
age
of
fiue
and
twenty
yeares
,
a
moneth
after
that
the
Duke
of
Alancon
dyed
at
Chasteau-Theiry
;
for
the
Duke
dyed
on
the
tenth
of
Iune
,
&
this
Prince
was
slayne
on
the
tenth
of
Iuly
next
following
,
as
though
his
life
had
beene
limitted
by
lease
,
to
last
but
iust
one
moneth
after
the
death
of
the
other
.
The
next
of
the
greatest
Actors
in
this
rebellious
Tragedy
,
was
Robert
Dudley
Earle
of
●eycester
,
who
after
he
had
beene
the
chiefe
Commaunder
of
Holland
,
in
these
broyles
(
in
which
wa●
slaine
his
sisters
Sonne
Syr
Philip
Sidney
,
a
Knight
worthy
to
haue
deserued
more
Honour
,
if
he
had
serued
in
an
honourable
cause
)
he
grew
weary
of
the
Hollanders
,
and
they
of
him
;
in
so
much
,
that
by
a
iustification
of
his
worthlesse
actions
published
in
Print
,
he
was
driuen
to
accuse
&
blame
them
of
breach
of
promise
and
performance
of
couenants
made
vnto
him
,
that
so
by
laying
the
fault
vpon
thē
,
he
might
repaire
his
owne
reputation
,
and
excuse
of
gayning
so
little
honour
among
them
as
he
had
.
Returning
therefore
with
great
discontentment
into
England
,
he
soone
after
sickned
and
dyed
,
and
as
it
is
reported
was
poysoned
,
and
preuented
by
one
whome
himselfe
had
thought
by
such
a
meanes
to
haue
made
away
.
He
dyed
without
any
signe
of
a
Christian
;
and
being
dead
seemed
so
vgly
a
corse
,
as
euen
amazed
the
beholders
.
His
body
was
opened
and
in
his
stomake
were
great
holes
eaten
through
with
the
poyson
.
His
Landes
were
all
presently
seized
on
for
his
debts
to
the
Queene
,
whereby
he
was
now
,
as
much
disgraced
being
dead
,
as
he
would
perhaps
haue
beene
,
if
he
had
liued
but
a
little
longer
;
and
as
his
life
was
not
much
laudable
,
so
was
his
death
not
greatly
lamented
.
The
next
in
this
●anke
must
be
Queene
Elizabeth
her selfe
,
by
whose
meanes
,
as
this
rebellion
at
the
first
began
,
so
was
it
by
her
ayd
(
euen
to
her
last
end
)
continued
.
And
if
a
happy
death
be
the
true
happynes
of
the
precedent
life
,
she
cannot
be
sayd
to
haue
had
it
,
neither
in
regard
of
the
good
of
her selfe
,
nor
yet
of
her
subiects
;
for
she
sought
not
the
one
,
and
she
had
not
the
other
.
She
sought
not
the
good
of
her
subiects
,
which
in
all
reason
and
right
she
was
bound
to
do
,
both
before
God
mā
,
because
she
prohibited
both
speach
,
and
euen
the
knowledge
as
it
were
,
of
any
successor
to
her
Crowne
,
as
all
the
world
well
knoweth
.
In
so
much
,
that
if
some
of
the
Nobility
,
presently
vpon
her
death
,
had
not
resolued
to
receaue
vnto
her
Crowne
&
dignity
the
true
&
lawfull
Heyre
that
now
raigneth
,
the
bloud
of
many
thousandes
of
her
subiects
might
haue
beene
spilt
,
for
ought
she
did
to
preuent
it
.
Some
do
report
her
to
haue
sayd
,
that
whyles
she
liued
no
Heyre
apparent
should
be
de●lared
;
and
after
her
death
,
she
wished
that
she
might
for
a
while
remayne
betweene
heauen
&
earth
,
to
see
how
they
would
tugge
for
the
Crown
.
Surely
the
desire
of
seeing
such
a
sport
could
litle
deserue
the
loue
that
her
subiects
bo●e
vnto
her
;
and
heerby
may
we
see
,
vpon
how
little
cause
and
reason
,
vulgar
affection
is
oftentymes
grounded
.
That
her
death
was
not
happy
,
appeareth
,
in
that
it
is
no
happynes
to
dye
distracted
,
and
not
to
haue
had
,
from
the
beginning
to
the
end
of
her
sicknes
,
the
perfect
vse
of
reason
,
and
consequently
not
to
haue
beene
able
most
earnestly
to
call
vpon
God
;
which
as
it
is
most
fit
that
at
their
end
,
a●l
men
should
doe
,
so
is
it
most
requisite
,
that
in
the
end
of
a
life
which
hath
been
entertayned
with
all
the
pleasures
that
the
World
could
affoard
,
it
should
be
done
with
the
greatest
compunction
&
contrition
of
hart
that
may
be
▪
And
I
haue
heard
it
confidently
reported
,
that
Syr
Thomas
Gressam
,
more
then
thirty
yeares
before
Queene
Eliza●eths
death
,
did
in
priuate
discourse
,
tell
vnto
some
friends
of
his
,
and
namely
vnto
Syr
Philip
Scidamore
(
then
not
Knight
)
that
at
the
death
of
Queene
Mary
,
he
then
being
in
the
Citty
of
Antwerp
,
a
woman
comming
into
a
house
where
he
was
,
sayd
vnto
him
:
Your
Queene
Mary
is
now
dead
and
Queene
●lizabeth
that
succeedeth
her
,
shall
in
the
end
come
to
dye
mad
.
Whether
this
woman
had
the
spirit
of
prophesy
,
or
no
,
I
cannot
say
;
but
certaine
it
is
that
she
seemed
not
in
her
sicknes
,
nor
at
her
death
to
be
in
her
perfect
senses
,
whe●eby
she
could
neither
be
carefull
for
the
future
good
of
her
subiects
,
by
not
then
declaring
that
which
she
needed
not
any
longer
to
haue
concealed
;
nor
in
calling
vpon
Almighty
God
,
for
mercy
,
for
a
soule
that
so
greatly
had
need
thereof
.
Let
vs
now
lastly
come
vnto
the
great
Statesman
,
and
Menager
of
this
State
composed
of
States
,
the
Holland-aduocate
Berneuelt
.
This
man
after
the
death
of
the
Prince
of
O●ange
aforesayd
,
when
his
sonne
Count
Mauri●e
,
and
his
other
children
were
but
young
,
and
the
State
and
gouernment
wholy
raw
and
out
of
order
,
deuised
and
set
down
the
plot
and
meanes
for
the
mayntayning
of
it
in
the
forme
of
a
Republike
:
he
made
the
alliances
between
it
,
and
other
Princes
and
States
abroad
,
and
became
a
most
careful
Tut
or
for
the
bringing
vp
of
the
Prince
of
Orange
his
children
;
yet
in
the
end
about
realousies
and
wranglings
grown
vp
among
themselues
,
this
great
Aduocate
of
Holland
,
and
Sterne-holder
of
that
whole
State
,
hauing
deserued
so
well
thereof
as
any
man
could
,
came
to
dye
on
a
scaffold
,
as
a
criminall
malefactor
,
by
the
handes
of
the
hangman
;
whereby
the
King
of
Spayne
,
and
their
Highnesses
the
Princes
of
the
Netherlands
,
whome
he
had
most
offended
,
and
had
not
the
meanes
to
punish
him
,
did
see
him
punished
by
those
whome
himself
had
most
serued
in
offending
them
.
Some
may
heer
a●leage
that
the
Archduke
Matthias
,
who
afterward
came
to
be
Emperor
,
had
beene
a
chief
Commaunder
and
gouernour
also
ouer
this
rebellious
faction
,
and
yet
came
not
to
any
vnfortunate
end
.
To
this
I
answere
,
that
true
it
is
,
this
Prince
had
such
a
charge
layed
vpon
him
,
when
by
reason
of
his
youth
he
wanted
iudgment
perfectl●
to
descern
what
he
did
,
William
of
Nassaw
the
vnhappy
Prince
of
Orange
before
mentioned
,
being
his
chief
Lieftenant
vnder
him
,
and
the
only
man
that
disposed
of
al.
And
yet
escaped
this
yong
Archduk
not
without
disgrace
among
thē
,
when
they
neither
cared
for
him
,
nor
much
respected
him
;
&
in
their
ordinary
speaches
gaue
him
the
name
of
their
Foster
chyld
,
esteeming
him
but
as
a
chyld
,
or
as
a
cipher
that
only
serued
to
supply
a
place
.
But
in
the
end
this
noble
Prince
discouering
their
vniust
courses
&
his
own
errour
,
left
thē
,
and
gaue
ouer
that
mistaken
gouernment
,
and
retyring
himselfe
into
Germany
,
sought
,
and
found
meanes
to
reconcile
himself
vnto
his
Cousin
the
King
of
Spayne
,
whose
grace
and
fauour
he
obtayned
,
which
none
of
the
former
that
came
to
vnfortunate
endes
,
euer
sought
for
.
And
by
this
meanes
all
former
soars
were
salued
,
&
this
Prince
by
leauing
to
follow
this
wrong
course
,
was
not
only
freed
from
comming
to
an
vnfortunate
or
disgracefull
end
,
but
came
to
dy
as
a
good
Christian
Prince
,
and
in
the
most
high
estate
of
an
Emperour
.
Thus
haue
I
heere
briefly
related
vnto
you
,
how
ill
they
haue
sped
,
who
haue
beene
the
chiefest
Actors
in
so
ill
a
busines
as
is
rebellion
,
&
the
assisting
of
rebels
against
their
most
iust
and
lawfull
Soueraigne
;
what
may
succeed
to
others
,
that
do
,
or
intend
to
continue
the
same
vniust
course
,
must
be
reserued
to
the
manifestation
of
tyme
;
but
apparent
it
is
,
by
that
which
heere
hath
been
shewed
,
that
the
most
high
and
supreme
Ruler
of
all
,
hath
,
by
permitting
these
their
disgracefull
endes
,
shewed
his
dislike
of
their
actions
;
&
contrarywise
to
such
as
haue
beene
obedient
to
his
will
,
his
benediction
hath
been
manifest
in
a
copious
manner
.
The
benefits
then
which
England
might
expect
by
continuing
to
take
the
Hollanders
partes
,
must
be
vnderstood
to
be
,
endles
Charges
,
great
Dishonour
,
and
the
high
Displeasure
of
Almighty
God
,
togeather
with
the
Hollanders
recompensing
the
same
with
contemptuous
ingratitude
;
which
are
motiues
to
mooue
mad
men
to
be
their
friendes
.
Some
may
perhaps
suppose
the
Hollanders
to
deserue
the
same
in
regard
of
a
kind
of
loue
and
affection
which
they
beare
vnto
that
State
,
albeit
no
effect
or
shew
of
good
deeds
to
proue
it
,
doth
anv
way
breake
out
.
This
inuisible
affection
,
must
then
be
imagined
to
consist
in
a
true
desire
they
haue
to
the
countiuuance
of
the
present
State
&
Gouernement
as
now
it
standeth
.
Les
vs
then
see
how
likely
it
is
,
by
first
of
al
calling
into
consideration
the
affection
they
manifest
themselues
to
beare
vnto
our
Kings
Maiesty
of
England
;
for
this
ought
to
giue
the
first
and
best
light
vnto
this
great
obscurity
.
Surely
,
if
I
should
relate
vnto
you
what
myne
owne
eares
haue
heard
in
this
point
,
you
would
stand
amazed
.
Respect
of
conscience
and
duty
,
doth
not
permit
me
to
repeate
those
most
odious
Epithets
which
without
any
r●spect
of
Maiesty
,
are
euery
where
common
in
these
rebellious
Hollanders
mouthes
And
I
protest
vnto
you
,
that
I
verily
thinke
,
they
did
neuer
more
spytefully
raile
against
the
King
of
Spayne
,
whome
they
hold
for
their
greatest
enemy
.
Their
wordes
,
as
I
sayd
,
I
will
not
repeate
,
for
feare
least
an
alleadger
of
the
calumnyes
of
others
,
might
be
taken
for
a
subtil
calumniator
himselfe
:
but
if
you
doubt
of
the
truth
heerof
,
make
further
enquiry
of
such
,
as
since
the
late
famous
battaile
fought
in
Bohemia
,
haue
come
out
of
Holland
into
England
;
for
there
want
no
witnesses
to
affirme
this
to
be
true
.
And
if
you
shall
chance
to
meet
with
One
who
for
affection
to
the
Hollanders
,
will
rather
dissemble
then
confesse
the
truth
,
especially
being
demaunded
therof
in
Englād
;
I
doubt
not
but
you
wil
meet
with
Two
,
who
will
affirme
it
,
and
withall
confesse
that
there
is
not
any
remedy
to
●h●rme
their
durty
mouthes
,
and
much
lesse
to
any
purpose
for
an
Englishman
to
oppose
himselfe
against
the
lauish
tongues
of
such
an
vnbridled
multitude
of
cocks
crowing
vpon
their
own
dunghil
.
And
who
can
otherwise
imagine
,
but
that
they
who
are
in
authority
amongst
them
,
be
content
that
the
common
sort
doe
speake
that
which
themselues
also
thinke
,
and
in
priuate
speake
the
same
,
as
well
as
they
,
seeing
in
publike
they
shew
no
dislike
therof
.
That
the
Hollanders
do
desire
the
continuance
of
the
present
State
,
and
Gouernement
of
the
Realme
,
as
now
it
standeth
,
by
wishing
the
long
raigne
of
his
Maiesty
of
England
,
and
of
the
Prince
his
Highnes
after
him
,
who
can
imagine
;
since
all
their
dri●ts
do
wholy
tend
to
their
owne
ends
;
and
that
the
Count
Pa●atine
,
by
his
Mothers
side
is
of
the
house
of
Nassaw
,
to
which
house
of
all
othe●
vpon
earth
they
are
most
deuoted
:
and
that
by
the
sayd
Count
Palatine
his
attayning
to
the
Crown
of
Englād
,
diuers
of
the
same
house
that
want
liuings
as
wel
in
Holland
,
as
in
the
Duchy
of
Bullion
,
as
also
in
other
places
,
might
come
to
be
aduāced
in
England
.
And
no
doubt
,
since
the
Count
Palatine
hath
already
had
the
tast
of
one
Crowne
,
they
will
the
more
desire
the
pleasing
of
hi●
appetite
with
another
.
The
religion
of
England
they
also
like
not
,
and
therefore
in
regard
of
a
more
pure
and
perfect
Reformation
,
they
do
out
of
zeale
and
conscience
the
lesse
desyre
the
continuāce
of
the
State
,
as
it
is
.
Their
freindes
the
Puritanes
,
haue
long
since
giuen
them
to
vnderstand
how
ilfauour●dly
the
Religion
of
England
is
now
reformed
;
and
what
great
want
they
haue
of
a
Holland-discipline
,
and
such
a
worshipfall
Consistory
of
Church-counsellours
as
they
h●ue
there
in
euery
of
their
Townes
.
They
haue
also
enformed
them
of
the
great
lyuings
that
certayne
men
in
England
do
possesse
,
who
beare
the
name
of
Bishopes
,
and
whose
large
reuenewes
would
fall
out
very
fit
for
sundry
poore
Countes
of
the
aforesayd
howse
of
Nassaw
,
to
begin
withall
,
til
confiscation
of
English
Noblemens
lyuinges
might
be
able
to
make
them
the
more
capable
of
the
titles
of
Dukes
and
Princes
.
And
this
being
matter
to
reflect
vpon
,
I
will
so
leaue
it
vnto
your
further
ponderation
,
and
proceed
to
giue
you
satisfaction
according
to
your
demaund
in
the
rest
.
CHAP.
V.
Of
the
present
state
of
the
Hollanders
;
and
of
the
diuision
among
them
about
matters
of
Religion
:
and
whether
respect
of
Religion
may
vrge
England
still
to
assist
them
.
THAT
the
Hollanders
haue
a
will
to
continue
their
warres
,
to
the
end
that
at
last
they
might
in
quiet
possession
attayne
to
their
wished
great
Republike
,
of
the
whole
seauenteene
Netherland
Prouinces
,
with
such
adiacent
and
Anseaitcke
places
as
they
could
come
to
incorporate
and
annexe
vnto
them
,
there
is
no
doubt
:
but
their
want
of
meanes
to
vndergoe
this
charge
,
wherof
no
end
can
be
determined
,
is
also
out
of
doubt
.
It
is
now
about
some
two
yeares
ago
that
I
saw
a
note
of
calculation
made
of
their
debts
,
which
then
appeared
to
be
about
six
millions
of
florins
,
for
the
which
they
payed
,
&
do
yet
yearly
pay
interest
.
It
is
not
lyke
that
this
debt
is
diminished
,
but
that
it
is
rather
,
since
that
tyme
,
much
augmented
;
besydes
theyr
yearely
ch●rge
of
mayntayning
their
presidies
,
and
fortifications
,
they
haue
beene
at
a
great
deale
of
lost
cost
in
their
monethly
great
summes
of
money
disbursed
for
the
ayding
of
the
Count
▪
Palatine
.
Their
meanes
and
trafficke
of
marchandize
is
well
known
to
be
nothing
so
good
as
it
hath
beene
,
and
dayly
to
declyne
to
worse
and
worse
;
for
they
haue
not
only
had
ex●reme
losses
by
pirates
,
but
haue
shewed
themselues
so
vnpartiall
,
that
because
the
English
Merchants
should
not
thinke
them
only
bent
to
spoyle
their
trade
▪
they
spoyle
their
trading
amongst
them selues
;
in
so
much
that
Holland
doth
not
only
spoile
the
trading
of
Zeland
,
but
euen
in
Holland
they
dayly
study
to
spoile
the
trade
one
of
another
:
so
as
it
hath
beene
noted
,
that
when
in
Amsterdam
it selfe
,
some
Merchant
hauing
gotten
priuate
aduice
from
his
correspondent
els
where
,
that
in
such
or
such
a
place
,
such
and
such
a
commodity
will
be
well
vented
,
and
that
this
Merchant
thereupon
fraighteth
a
ship
with
wares
accordingly
;
another
that
perceaueth
him
to
be
fraighting
,
though
not
knowing
whither
his
voyage
is
intended
,
will
straight
wayes
,
and
with
all
diligence
fraight
a
ship
also
with
the
self
same
wares
,
and
follow
and
dogge
him
by
sea
,
till
he
arriue
to
the
same
Hauen
vnto
which
the
other
is
bound
;
and
so
by
hindering
of
his
gaine
catch
away
the
bread
out
of
his
mouth
.
And
as
by
this
,
so
by
all
other
wayes
and
meanes
,
●ch
one
seeks
to
spoyke
and
hinder
another
;
for
all
will
be
Merchants
,
aswell
the
Boores
in
the
Villages
,
as
the
Burgers
in
the
Towne
.
This
then
trading
then
thus
hindred
what
by
Pyrats
,
what
by
the
multitude
of
Merchants
,
and
other
wayes
spoyled
,
they
cannot
draw
sufficient
meanes
for
the
maintenance
of
warre
only
out
of
toles
and
customes
;
neither
can
it
be
raysed
by
taxes
and
impositions
layd
vpon
the
people
,
they
being
already
more
heauily
burdened
that
way
,
then
they
are
able
to
beare
;
and
farre
beyond
the
tenth
penny
which
the
Dulde
of
〈◊〉
demaunded
.
What
remedy
then
?
〈◊〉
loanes
and
borrowings
be
requyred
of
the
best
monyed
Merchants
▪
〈◊〉
.
The
Catholikes
,
the
Arminians
,
&
the
Anabaptists
,
which
haue
the
best
purses
,
haue
little
reason
for
it
.
The
Catholikes
and
the
Arminians
are
forbidden
the
exercise
of
their
religion
,
and
they
will
rather
goe
and
reside
out
of
the
Countrey
.
The
Anabaptists
that
haue
exercise
in
their
houses
cannot
beare
the
burden
alone
;
and
if
all
these
th●ee
would
be
willing
to
lend
,
how
could
●bis
lending
continue
,
when
they
shall
see
their
money
still
cast
into
a
bottomles
pit
of
expences
,
where
there
can
be
no
hope
of
getting
it
out
againe
;
and
so
shall
they
be
sure
to
find
,
who
doe
assist
thē
,
if
after
the
now
approaching
expiration
of
the
Truce
,
warres
do
begin
againe
.
Thus
hauing
briefly
deliuered
vnto
you
my
conceyt
of
their
present
meanes
;
I
will
now
also
endeauour
to
giue
you
satisfaction
to
your
demaund
about
their
so
great
difference
in
Religion
.
I
do
not
meane
the
great
difference
that
is
between
Sect
and
Sect
,
for
that
is
beyould
all
calculation
;
but
the
late
great
difference
risen
vp
among
the
Holland-Protestants
themselues
.
You
shall
then
vnderstand
that
about
the
yeare
1607.
one
Iacobus
Arminius
a
Doctor
and
professor
of
Protestant
Religion
at
Leyden
(
according
as
it
is
there
professed
)
did
,
after
that
he
had
,
diuers
yeares
belieued
and
taught
as
they
did
,
begin
to
fall
into
further
consideration
then
before
he
had
done
of
certayne
points
of
their
doctrine
,
and
especially
their
doctrine
of
Predestination
,
which
is
,
That
God
hath
absolutely
and
precysely
chosen
and
ordayned
some
people
to
saluation
,
and
some
to
damnation
,
before
themselues
haue
either
done
good
or
euill
:
And
that
to
those
whome
God
,
of
an
absolute
will
,
hath
ordayned
to
pe●dition
,
he
hath
determyned
to
deny
,
and
actually
doth
deny
,
the
grace
which
is
needfull
and
sufficient
for
Saluation
,
so
as
they
neither
can
,
nor
may
belieue
or
be
saued
.
Against
this
doctrine
Arminius
opposed
himself
,
affirming
the
same
to
be
contrary
to
the
Nature
of
God
,
as
repugnant
to
his
Wisdome
,
to
his
Iustice
,
and
to
his
Goodnes
.
That
it
also
is
against
the
Ghospel
,
which
commaundeth
conuersion
and
beliefe
,
and
promiseth
the
grace
of
the
holy
Ghost
,
Remission
of
sinnes
,
and
euerlasting
Lyfe
.
And
that
which
is
more
,
it
impugneth
Free
will
,
with
which
,
and
in
the
which
,
man
was
by
God
created
.
Moreouer
it
hindreth
the
diligence
vnto
the
doing
of
good
workes
;
for
(
sayth
he
)
man
being
driuen
(
as
these
mayntayners
of
this
Predestination
affirme
)
by
meanes
of
the
safe-making
grace
,
then
must
he
worke
,
and
cannot
leaue
so
to
do
;
but
not
being
driuen
by
the
same
grace
,
he
cannot
so
do
,
but
must
leaue
it
vndon
.
Thus
doth
Arminius
refute
the
commō
Caluinian
opinion
in
the
doctrin
of
Predestination
,
and
teacheth
playnly
,
that
man
hath
Free-wil
,
and
sheweth
that
good
works
are
needfull
to
Saluation
;
affirming
also
that
the
contrary
doctrine
to
these
points
,
doth
ouerthrow
and
quyte
destroy
the
foundatiō
of
Religion
,
as
further
may
be
seen
in
his
declaration
printed
at
Leyden
in
the
yeare
1610.
Arminius
himselfe
dyed
,
before
this
his
declaration
came
forth
in
print
;
but
certayne
Ministers
that
imbraced
his
doctrine
,
did
after
his
decease
cause
it
to
be
printed
;
and
these
men
proceeding
forward
in
the
same
doctrine
,
and
fynding
many
of
the
most
learned
ministers
to
imbrace
it
,
and
many
thousandes
of
people
,
which
dayly
more
and
more
increase
,
ready
to
receaue
it
;
they
wrote
sundry
Books
in
defence
thereof
,
wherin
they
gaue
themselues
the
name
of
Remonstrantes
.
Heerupon
some
of
the
Ministers
that
remayned
in
the
former
and
direct
Caluinian
opinion
,
writing
against
them
,
called
themselues
the
Contra-Remonstrants
:
but
because
the
common
people
called
those
that
followed
the
opinion
of
Arminius
aforesayd
,
by
the
name
of
Arminians
,
the
otherside
gaue
vnto
the
Contra-Remonstr●nts
,
the
name
of
Gomarists
;
because
of
all
other
who
opposed
themselues
against
the
opinion
of
Arminius
,
one
Franciscus
Gomarus
was
the
first
and
chiefest
.
And
albeit
the
sayd
Gomarus
taught
not
otherwise
then
did
Caluin
,
or
do
other
Caluinists
;
yet
are
those
of
his
side
called
by
many
in
Holand
,
and
generally
in
all
the
Netherlands
by
the
name
of
Gomarists
,
except
by
themselues
;
for
they
call
not
themselues
Protestants
,
but
The
Reformed
,
as
they
did
before
this
discord
fell
out
.
About
this
difference
in
Religiō
there
hath
beene
between
them
very
many
bickeringes
,
and
virulent
bookes
and
pamphlets
haue
beene
written
on
both
sydes
,
the
one
against
the
other
.
But
because
it
would
perhaps
be
too
tedious
to
make
but
recitall
of
their
titles
in
●his
place
,
I
wil
therfore
heere
only
set
down
vn
to
you
,
what
I
haue
translated
out
of
a
certayne
printed
table
,
concerning
three
of
the
pointes
of
Religion
which
are
in
controuersy
between
them
,
wherby
you
may
see
what
places
of
Scripture
are
alleaged
abou●
these
pointes
by
the
Armintans
;
and
what
Caluin
and
the
Gomarian
Caluinists
alleage
to
the
contryry
.
The
first
point
is
,
Whether
God
hath
created
any
people
vnto
damnation
.
Places
of
Scripture
alleaged
by
the
Arminians
to
proue
that
he
hath
not
.
Genes
.
1.
vers
.
27.
And
God
created
man
to
his
owne
Image
;
to
the
Image
of
God
he
created
him
.
And
vers
.
31.
And
God
saw
al
things
that
he
had
made
,
and
they
were
all
very
good
▪
Psal
.
145
vers
.
9.
The
Lord
is
louing
vnto
euery
man
,
and
his
mercy
is
aboue
all
his
workes
.
Isay
45.
vers
.
22.
Turne
you
vnto
me
,
so
shall
you
be
saued
,
all
yee
ends
of
the
earth
.
Ezech.
33.
vers
.
11.
As
true
as
I
liue
,
sayth
the
Lord
,
I
haue
no
pleasure
in
the
death
of
the
vngodly
,
but
that
the
vngodly
do
turn
from
his
wickednes
&
liue
.
Turne
you
therefore
now
from
your
wickednes
;
why
will
you
then
dye
,
you
of
the
house
of
Israel
?
Ioan.
4.
vers
.
10.
11.
You
pitty
the
stalke
of
the
wild
grape
,
whereon
you
haue
not
laboured
,
nor
haue
nourished
it
,
which
is
growne
vp
in
one
night
,
&
is
againe
withered
:
And
should
not
I
then
take
pitty
on
the
great
Citty
of
Niniue
,
in
which
are
more
then
one
hūdred
and
twenty
thousand
soules
,
who
know
no
difference
betweene
the
right
hand
and
the
left
.
Matth.
11.
vers
28.
Come
yee
to
me
all
that
labour
,
and
are
burdened
,
and
I
will
refresh
you
.
Marc.
16.
vers
.
15.
16
Going
into
the
whole
world
,
preach
the
Ghospell
to
al
creatures
;
he
that
belieueth
,
and
is
baptized
,
shall
be
saued
;
and
he
that
belieueth
not
,
shal
be
condemned
.
Luc.
2.
vers
30.
31.
Myne
eyes
(
sayth
Simeon
)
haue
seen
thy
saluation
:
which
thou
hast
prepared
before
the
face
of
all
people
.
Ibid
cap.
9.
vers
.
56.
The
sonne
of
man
came
not
to
destroy
soules
,
but
to
saue
them
.
Ioan.
3.
vers
.
16.
For
God
so
loued
the
world
that
he
gaue
his
only
begotten
sonne
,
that
euery
one
who
belieueth
in
him
perish
not
.
Ibid.
cap.
12.
vers
.
47.
I
am
not
come
(
sayth
Christ
)
to
condemne
the
world
,
but
to
saue
the
world
.
Act
17.
vers
30.
God
denounceth
vnto
men
,
that
al
,
euery
where
do
pennance
.
Rom.
11.
vers
.
32.
For
God
hath
concluded
all
into
incredulity
,
that
he
may
haue
mercy
vpon
all
.
1.
Tim.
2.
vers
.
4.
God
will
that
all
men
be
saued
,
and
to
come
to
the
knowledge
of
the
Truth
.
Tit.
2.
vers
.
12.
For
the
grace
of
God
our
Sauiour
hath
appeared
vnto
al
men
.
●
.
Pet.
3.
vers
.
9.
God
is
not
willing
that
any
perish
,
but
that
all
returne
to
pennance
.
1.
Ioan.
2.
vers
.
2.
He
(
to
wit
Christ
)
is
the
propitiation
for
our
sinnes
,
&
not
for
ours
alone
,
but
also
for
the
whole
worlds
.
These
are
the
places
of
Scripture
alleadged
by
the
Arminians
for
their
opinion
in
this
point
.
Now
followeth
the
doctrine
of
the
Gomarian-Caluinists
to
the
contrary
,
to
wit
,
That
God
hath
created
some
to
damnation
.
Iohn
Caluin
Instit
l.
3.
cap.
23.
b.
Seeing
the
disposition
of
all
things
is
in
the
hand
of
God
,
and
seeing
he
hath
the
power
of
death
&
of
saluatiō
,
he
ordayneth
then
with
his
counsell
and
will
,
that
some
are
borne
,
who
from
thei●
Mothers
wombe
are
certainly
deliuered
ouer
vnto
death
,
to
the
end
that
by
their
destruction
the
name
of
God
should
be
praysed
.
The
same
Caluin
vpon
the
18.
vers
.
of
the
9.
cap.
to
the
Romans
.
The
destructiō
of
the
vngodly
is
not
only
foreknown
,
but
they
are
also
purposely
created
,
to
the
end
they
should
come
to
destruction
or
perdition
.
Idem
in
his
booke
ad
●alumn
.
Nebulon.
pag.
867.
Say
you
,
that
it
is
not
permitted
vnto
God
to
damne
any
body
,
but
such
as
haue
done
euill
?
There
are
taken
away
out
of
this
life
an
infinite
nūber
of
yong
children
.
Cast
now
out
your
poyson
against
God
,
who
taketh
away
innocent
childrē
from
the
brestes
of
their
Mothers
,
and
casteth
them
into
the
depth
of
hell
,
in
eternall
death
and
damnation
.
The●
.
Beza
in
his
little
Annot
vpon
the
Romans
9.
vers
.
22.
Let
vs
then
againe
be
licensed
to
say
with
Paul
,
that
some
men
are
of
God
the
workmaister
,
created
vnto
destruction
.
Amandus
Polanus
on
the
9
vers
of
the
13.
of
Osee
.
Those
whom
God
hath
predestinated
to
eternall
perdition
,
he
hath
also
created
vnto
eternal
perdition
;
&
al
those
thinges
strengthen
them
to
●●●●nall
perdition
,
that
strengthen
the
elect
vnto
saluation
.
The
same
Polanus
in
his
doctrine
of
the
t●uth
of
Predestination
,
pag.
139.
sayth
:
Abiection
is
an
inward
,
and
eternall
worke
of
God
,
which
in
truth
differeth
not
from
the
essence
of
God
it selfe
.
Fr
Gomarus
in
his
translated
dispute
of
Predestination
Thes
.
23.
sayth
:
Abiection
is
Gods
predestination
,
through
which
out
of
reasonable
creations
,
he
hath
in
grosse
,
and
without
fore-knowne
limits
,
according
to
his
priuiledge
and
pleasure
,
from
eternity
,
reiected
some
f●om
eternall
life
,
an●
hath
also
before
hand
orda●ned
them
to
eternall
death
,
and
con●empt
.
The
Contra-Remonstrants
in
the
conference
at
the
Hage
,
pag.
53.
●he
cause
why
God
hath
determined
to
elect
some
and
not
others
,
is
only
his
pleasure
&
grace
;
and
not
,
that
he
hath
forseene
that
one
should
belieue
in
Christ
,
&
not
another
.
The
second
point
.
Whether
God
necessarily
causeth
man
to
sinne
.
Places
of
Scripture
alleadged
by
the
Arminians
for
the
negatiue
.
Genes
.
caD.
4.
vers
.
6.
The
Lord
sayd
to
Cayn
,
why
art
thou
angry
,
and
why
is
thy
countenance
fallen
?
If
thou
do
well
,
shalt
thou
not
receaue
agayne
?
but
if
thou
doest
ill
,
shall
not
thy
sin
be
present
at
the
dore
?
but
,
the
lust
thereof
shal
be
vnder
thee
,
and
thou
shalt
haue
dominion
ouer
it
.
Psal
5.
vers
.
5.
6.
7.
Thou
art
no
God
that
hath
pleasure
in
wickednes
:
the
euill
shall
not
conuerse
with
thee
.
The
foolish
shal
not
stand
in
thy
sight
:
thou
hatest
all
those
that
worke
iniquity
.
Thou
shalt
destroy
them
that
speake
lyes
:
the
lord
abhorreth
both
the
bloud-thirsty
and
the
deceytfull
man.
Psal
.
45.
vers
.
8.
Thou
hast
loued
righteousnes
,
and
hated
iniquity
:
Therfore
hath
God
,
thy
God
,
annoynted
the
with
the
oyle
of
gladnes
,
aboue
thy
fellowes
.
Isa
.
59.
vers
.
2.
Thy
iniquities
do
separate
thee
&
thy
God
,
one
from
another
;
and
thy
sinnes
do
hyde
his
face
from
thee
,
that
thou
canst
not
be
heard
.
Ose
.
13
vers
.
9.
Israel
,
thou
bringest
thy selfe
into
vnhappynes
,
for
thy
saluation
standeth
only
with
me
.
Matt.
1
v●rs
21.
Thou
shalt
(
sayth
the
Angel
to
Ioseph
)
call
his
name
Iesus
,
for
he
shall
saue
his
people
from
their
sins
.
Luc.
1.
vers
.
74.
75.
That
without
feare
being
deliuered
out
of
the
hands
of
our
enemyes
,
wee
may
serue
him
,
in
holynes
and
iustice
before
him
,
all
our
dayes
.
Ioan
8.
vers
.
44.
The
diuell
when
he
speaketh
a
lye
,
he
speaketh
of
his
own
,
because
he
is
a
lyer
,
&
the
father
therof
.
Rom.
1.
vers
.
18.
The
wrath
of
God
from
heauen
is
reuealed
vpon
all
impiety
,
and
iniustice
of
Men.
Galat.
5.
vers
.
16
Walke
in
the
spirit
,
and
the
workes
of
the
flesh
you
shal
not
accomplish
.
Iac.
1
vers
.
13.
14.
15.
Let
no
man
when
he
is
tempted
,
say
that
he
is
tempted
of
God
,
for
God
is
not
a
tempter
of
euill
;
and
he
tempteth
no
man.
But
euery
one
is
tempted
of
his
own
concupiscence
,
abstracted
and
allured
.
Afterward
concupiscence
when
it
hath
conceaued
,
bringeth
forth
sin
,
but
sin
when
it
is
consummate
engendreth
death
.
1.
Pet.
3.
vers
.
12.
13.
The
face
of
the
Lord
is
vpon
them
that
do
euill
things
;
but
who
is
he
that
can
hurt
you
,
if
you
be
emulators
of
good
.
1.
Ioan
2.
vers
.
16.
All
that
is
in
the
world
is
the
concupiscence
of
the
flesh
,
and
the
concupiscence
of
the
eyes
,
and
the
pryde
of
lyfe
,
which
is
not
of
the
Father
,
but
is
of
the
world
.
Ibid.
cap.
3.
vers
.
8.
He
that
comitteth
sin
is
of
the
diuell
,
because
the
diuell
sinneth
from
the
beginning
;
for
this
appeareth
the
Son
of
God
,
that
he
might
di●●olue
the
works
of
the
diuell
.
The
affirmatiue
doctrine
of
the
Gomarian-Caluinists
,
to
wit
,
that
God
doth
necessarily
cause
man
to
sinne
.
Caluin
Instit.
lib.
1.
cap
18.
2.
I
do
confesse
,
that
God
in
the
abiect
doth
worke
through
the
seruice
of
the
diuel
;
but
so
,
as
Sathan
through
Gods
prouocation
doth
his
worke
.
Ibid.
lib.
3
cap.
23.
9.
The
abiect
sinning
will
be
excused
,
because
they
cannot
auoyd
the
necessity
of
sinning
,
seeing
through
the
ordinance
of
God
such
necessity
is
layd
vpon
them
;
But
we
feare
that
they
are
not
therby
rightly
excused
,
for
the
ordinance
of
God
,
by
which
they
complaine
to
be
ordayned
to
perdition
,
hath
her
iustice
,
which
albeit
vnknowne
vnto
vs
,
yet
it
is
very
certaine
.
Theod.
Beza
against
Castalio
.
We
confesse
to
be
true
,
that
God
hath
predestinated
all
such
as
he
listeth
,
not
only
vnto
damnation
,
but
also
vnto
the
causes
of
damnation
.
Zuinglius
de
prouid
.
tom
.
1.
cap
6.
pag.
366.
No
man
can
say
,
that
the
murtherer
is
excused
,
because
he
hath
killed
through
Gods
prouocation
,
for
he
hath
sinned
against
the
lawes
.
But
you
will
,
say
;
he
was
prouoked
to
sinne
:
I
agree
heereunto
that
he
was
prouoked
to
sin
,
howbeit
to
the
end
,
that
one
should
be
saued
,
and
another
hanged
&c.
Ibid.
pag.
365.
One
&
the
selfe
same
wickednes
,
as
for
example
either
Adultery
,
or
Murther
,
if
the
same
come
from
God
,
as
the
Author
,
moouer
,
and
prouoker
,
is
a
worke
,
but
no
misdeed
;
but
if
so
be
it
proceed
from
man
,
then
it
is
sinne
.
Zanchius
de
Natura
Dei
lib.
5.
pag.
172.
We
acknowledge
that
the
abiect
(
with
a
necessity
to
sinne
,
and
consequently
to
perish
)
do
through
the
disposition
of
God
lye
constrayned
and
bound
,
yea
do
so
ly
constrayned
and
bound
,
that
they
cannot
leaue
to
sinne
,
and
to
perish
.
Ibid.
Thes
.
4.
de
reprobat
.
The
elect
as
well
as
the
reprobate
,
are
vnto
sinne
(
as
being
sinne
,
in
as
much
as
the
honour
of
God
thereby
is
aduanced
)
before
ordayned
.
Io.
Piscator
praefat
.
disput
contra
.
Schafman
.
pag.
7.
The
fifth
principall
point
that
we
are
charged
withal
,
is
that
God
doth
secretly
inforce
a
man
to
doe
the
sinne
that
he
forbiddeth
;
but
the
same
,
being
well
vnderstood
,
the
Scripture
teacheth
.
In
the
Treatise
of
Predestination
published
by
D.
Pezelius
,
Lichae
,
Anno
1604.
If
for
an
Author
you
vnderstand
such
an
one
,
as
giueth
counsell
,
vrgeth
forward
or
inforceth
,
or
in
any
sort
giueth
cause
to
doe
ought
,
then
may
you
assuredly
name
God
to
be
the
Author
of
sinne
.
Nicasius
Vander-scheuren
in
his
briefe
Institution
,
pag.
15.
sayth
:
God
ruleth
not
only
the
body
▪
but
also
the
hart
and
mind
of
his
creatures
,
as
wel
vnto
good
as
vnto
euill
.
Ibid
pag.
16.
If
so
be
God
hath
power
to
ordayne
man
to
damnation
before
he
be
borne
,
&
being
borne
then
presently
,
before
he
haue
committed
any
euill
,
to
cast
him
into
the
bottomlesse
pit
of
hell
;
wherfore
should
he
not
then
haue
much
more
power
to
moue
the
hart
of
man
to
sinne
,
and
to
direct
it
?
For
whether
is
more
,
to
damne
him
that
hath
done
no
euill
,
or
to
moue
&
direct
him
to
sinne
?
And
seeing
God
will
damne
the
abiect
,
is
it
not
all
one
how
he
damneth
him
,
whether
after
that
he
hath
moued
&
directed
him
to
sin
,
or
before
?
The
third
point
.
Whether
God
do
inuite
any
man
to
saluation
whome
he
hath
resolued
in
any
case
not
to
saue
.
Places
of
Scripture
alleadged
by
the
Arminians
to
proue
,
That
God
inuiteth
all
men
to
saluation
.
Deuter.
cap.
30
vers
.
19.
I
call
for
witnesse
this
day
Heauen
and
Earth
,
that
I
haue
proposed
to
you
life
and
death
,
blessing
and
cursing
:
chuse
therefore
life
,
that
thou
mayst
liue
,
and
thy
seed
.
Psal
.
95
vers
.
8.
This
day
if
you
heare
my
voyce
,
harden
not
your
harts
.
Prouerb
.
1.
vers
.
24.
25.
26.
Seeing
I
call
and
you
refuse
,
I
stretch
forth
my
hand
,
and
no
man
regards
it
,
&
you
let
passe
all
my
counsels
,
and
will
not
accept
of
my
correction
:
So
will
I
also
laugh
in
your
mish●p
,
and
deryde
you
,
when
that
hapneth
vnto
you
that
you
feare
.
Isay
5.
vers
.
4.
What
might
more
be
done
vnto
my
vineyard
,
that
I
haue
not
done
vnto
it
?
Wherefore
hath
it
then
brought
forth
wyld
grapes
,
when
I
expected
it
should
haue
broght
wyne-grapes
.
Matth.
23.
vers
.
37.
Hierusalem
,
Hierusalem
which
killest
the
Prophets
,
and
stonest
them
that
were
sent
vnto
thee
.
How
often
would
I
gather
thy
children
as
the
Henne
doth
gather
togeathe●
h●r
chickins
,
vnder
her
winges
,
and
thou
wouldest
not
.
Marc.
1.
vers
.
15.
The
tyme
is
fullfilled
,
and
the
kingdom
of
God
is
at
hand
,
be
penitent
,
and
belieue
the
Ghospell
.
Luc.
7.
vers
.
29
30.
And
al
the
people
hearing
,
and
the
Publicans
iustifyed
God
,
being
baptized
with
Iohns
Baptisme
:
but
the
Pharisees
and
the
Scribes
despysed
the
counsell
of
God
against
themselues
,
being
not
baptized
of
him
.
Ioan.
5
vers
40.
You
will
not
come
to
me
,
that
you
may
haue
life
.
Act.
7.
vers
.
5.
You
stif-necked
,
and
men
of
vncircumcised
harts
and
eares
,
you
alwayes
resist
the
holy
Ghost
.
Rom.
10
vers
.
21.
out
of
Isay
65
vers
.
2.
Al
the
day
haue
I
held
out
my
hands
,
to
a
people
that
belieueth
not
,
and
contradicteth
me
.
Apec
.
3.
vers
.
20.
Behold
I
stand
at
the
doore
and
knocke
,
if
any
man
shal
heare
my
voyce
,
and
open
the
gate
,
I
will
enter
in
vnto
him
,
and
will
sup
with
him
,
and
he
with
me
.
Ibid.
cap.
22.
vers
.
17.
He
that
thirsteth
,
let
him
come
,
and
he
that
will
,
let
him
take
the
water
of
life
gratis
.
The
doctrine
of
the
Gomarian
Cal●inists
to
the
contrary
,
to
wit
,
That
God
inuiteth
not
all
men
to
saluation
.
Caluin
.
In●tit
.
lib.
3.
cap.
24.
vers
.
12.
Those
whome
God
hath
created
vnto
eternall
death
,
to
the
end
they
should
be
instruments
of
his
anger
,
&
become
examples
of
his
seuerity
;
those
bereaueth
he
sometims
of
the
power
to
heare
his
word
;
sometyms
he
doth
blind
them
,
&
maketh
them
more
ignorant
through
the
manifestation
of
his
word
,
because
they
should
come
vnto
their
end
.
Ibid.
cap.
13.
Behould
he
speaketh
vnto
them
,
but
to
the
end
they
should
become
more
deafe
;
he
kindleth
his
light
,
to
the
end
they
should
be
the
blinder
;
he
declareth
his
doctrine
,
but
to
the
end
they
should
thereby
become
vnintelligible
;
he
vseth
meanes
,
but
to
the
end
they
should
not
be
saued
.
Caluin
.
lib.
ad
calum
.
Nebulon.
pag.
858.
Why
doth
God
willingly
let
erre
,
(
yea
through
a
secret
resolution
hath
ordayned
to
erre
)
such
as
himselfe
commaundeth
to
go
the
right
way
.
Not
to
know
this
becommeth
measured
modesty
,
but
saucely
to
be
prying
into
it
(
as
you
do
)
is
a
foolish
boldnes
.
Theo.
Beza
against
Castalio
pag.
398.
God
sendeth
forth
his
seruants
,
because
they
should
declare
the
Ghospell
of
saluation
to
all
people
,
yet
keepeth
he
secret
to
himselfe
,
in
whome
he
will
that
the
preaching
of
the
Ghospell
shal
be
of
force
,
and
in
what
moment
;
and
also
,
who
he
hath
resolued
by
the
same
preaching
to
blind
,
and
to
obdurate
.
10.
Piscator
in
disput
.
aduersus
Schafman
.
Pag.
7.
It
is
manifest
out
of
Gods
word
that
God
doth
also
call
some
out-casts
vnto
saluation
,
and
that
he
notwithstanding
will
not
that
any
of
those
outcasts
be
saued
,
as
being
such
as
he
with
an
vnchangeable
resolution
,
hath
ordavned
altogeather
to
perdition
.
Ibid
Pag
143.
God
acknowlegeth
,
or
witnesseth
with
tongue
by
the
ministers
of
the
Ghospel
,
that
he
will
that
the
outcasts
which
he
speaketh
vnto
in
the
number
of
the
elect
,
shall
belieue
the
Ghospell
,
in
asmuch
as
he
commaundeth
it
;
and
yet
wil
he
not
that
they
belieue
;
for
were
it
that
he
so
would
,
then
should
he
affoard
them
the
grace
to
belieue
,
without
the
which
no
man
can
belieue
.
Aug.
Marloratus
in
his
Annot.
Ioan.
15.
So
standeth
then
this
sentēce
firme
,
that
he
whome
God
hath
elected
before
the
creation
of
the
world
,
cannot
perish
,
and
that
he
whome
he
hath
reiected
can
not
be
saued
,
although
he
do
all
the
workes
of
the
Saintes
;
So
irreuocable
is
the
sentence
of
God.
And
now
hauing
truely
translated
and
layd
downe
the
different
opinions
vpon
these
points
,
I
will
leaue
you
to
iudge
of
them
according
as
piety
and
reason
shall
direct
you
.
There
was
a
Synode
held
,
about
the
controuersies
betweene
these
two
sydes
,
at
Dort
in
Holland
,
in
the
yeare
1619.
gathered
togeather
from
sundry
forreyne
partes
,
aswel
as
out
of
Holland
it self
,
as
other
Prouinces
;
but
the
Synod
refusing
to
heare
the
Arminians
,
as
dilinquentes
condēned
them
&
their
doctrine
,
being
reduced
into
fyue
capitall
articles
;
and
heerupon
,
by
a
seuere
Proclamation
were
the
Arminiās
forbidden
to
preach
,
or
hold
assemblies
for
the
exercise
of
their
religion
;
some
hauing
been
killed
for
attempting
the
contrary
,
some
banished
,
some
sustayned
confiscation
of
their
goodes
,
and
some
imprysonment
,
where
they
yet
remayne
;
though
in
the
meane
tyme
their
number
doth
not
diminish
,
but
dayly
more
and
more
increase
throughout
all
the
Countrey
,
aswel
in
villages
,
as
in
citties
.
Thus
haue
you
the
beginning
and
ground
of
this
great
controuersy
wherof
no
end
can
be
determined
.
It
resteth
now
for
Con●lusion
of
my
intended
discourse
,
that
heere
I
set
downe
,
whether
in
respect
of
Religion
,
the
State
of
England
may
be
moued
to
continue
their
help
and
assistance
to
the
Hollanders
.
The
religion
therfore
of
Holland
is
first
to
be
rightly
known
and
conceaued
,
and
then
wel
to
be
considered
:
I
meane
that
which
hath
beene
,
and
yet
is
principally
mantayned
by
the
States
therof
,
to
wit
,
that
which
is
opposit
▪
vnto
the
Arminians
,
and
doth
now
vulgarly
beare
the
name
of
Caluinian
or
Gomarian
doctrine
,
as
hath
beene
sa●d
.
The
Arminians
against
whome
they
of
this
religion
do
contend
,
did
in
the
tyme
of
their
formamed
Aduocate
Berneue't
,
sollicite
and
●abour
,
that
the
States
might
haue
the
authority
giuen
them
of
Supreme
Headship
of
the
Church
;
and
some
affirme
that
they
also
sought
to
haue
Bishops
after
the
manner
of
England
;
but
herunto
the
Caluinian
Gomarists
,
in
all
earnestnes
,
opposed
themselues
,
and
especially
against
the
hauing
of
supremacy
or
superinten●ēcy
in
their
Churches
;
wherein
they
went
so
farre
,
that
they
published
openly
in
their
printed
bookes
,
that
whatsoeuer
they
were
that
went
about
to
make
men
the
heades
of
Churches
,
would
make
of
men
Idolls
,
and
of
themselues
by
so
doing
,
Idolaters
.
What
think
you
now
of
the
conformity
of
this
religion
,
to
that
of
England
,
where
by
established
Actes
of
Parlament
it
is
death
to
deny
the
Temporall
Prince
to
be
supreme
Head
of
th●
Church
?
He
that
denyeth
this
in
England
is
by
the
law
to
〈◊〉
as
a
traytour
:
he
that
affirmeth
it
in
Holland
is
by
their
doctrine
to
be
held
for
an
Idolater
.
Our
Bishops
in
England
were
wont
to
persecu●e
Puritanes
for
denying
their
authority
;
what
would
they
say
to
these
professors
of
Reformation
that
make
them
Idolaters
?
These
be
purer
then
Puritanes
,
being
distilled
into
a
farre
purer
strayne
or
quin●
essence
Is
not
this
a
religion
,
trow
you
,
that
deserueth
by
English
Protestants
to
be
foug●ten
for
,
&
to
haue
the
wealth
of
England
cōsumed
for
vpholding
the
cause
and
quarrel
thereof
?
What
may
we
think
of
our
most
Royall
Kinges
expresse
Commaundement
to
haue
the
Communion
receaued
kneeling
?
They
would
shew
themselues
to
haue
leggs
as
st●●fe
as
the
legges
of
Elephants
,
rather
then
they
would
fynd
an●
knees
to
bow
thereunto
,
let
it
be
commaunded
by
what
authority
it
would
.
And
I
do
verily
belieue
,
they
would
be
without
communion
all
the
dayes
of
their
life
,
rather
then
to
receaue
it
with
so
much
vnease
,
as
of
not
sitting
.
And
as
for
the
Crosse
,
which
his
Maiesty
hath
likewise
commaunded
to
be
vsed
in
Baptism●
;
how
is
it
possible
they
would
endure
it
,
seing
they
sticke
not
to
say
,
It
is
the
marke
of
t●e
〈◊〉
?
By
which
saying
the
world
may
ma●ke
that
themselues
are
beasts
indeed
.
And
England
may
thinke
it self
very
ill
aduised
,
and
very
vnhappy
,
to
a
first
the
quarrel
of
a
people
in
regard
of
religiō
,
whose
Religion
is
so
opposite
to
theirs
as
this
is
;
and
the
professour●
wherof
,
if
they
were
subiects
of
England
and
there
resident
,
would
by
the
lawes
of
the
Realme
be
seuerely
punished
.
But
much
more
vnhappy
should
England
be
,
if
heerafter
by
the
fayling
of
his
Maiesty
,
&
the
Prince
his
Highnesse
(
both
whome
God
long
preserue
)
such
a
Sect
should
come
to
be
set
vp
and
aduanced
there
.
Doubtlesse
most
wellcome
to
their
Puritan
Brethren
,
who
then
would
triumph
and
ium●e
with
them
to
the
full
,
and
with
them
beare
the
only
sw●y
in
persecuting
the
P●ot●stants
in
England
,
as
the
others
now
do
the
Armintans
in
Holland
.
One
conceyte
more
commeth
to
my
mynd
,
to
note
vnto
you
,
before
I
take
my
leaue
;
and
this
〈◊〉
that
wheras
in
the
late
Synode
of
Dort
,
some
of
our
English
and
Scot●ish
d●uines
,
being
sent
thither
to
assist
the
Ca●uinian-Comarists
,
about
the
condemnation
of
the
opinion
of
the
Arm●nta●s
,
they
could
so
notwithstanding
piettily
put
to
sylence
the
●omarists
,
for
making
of
them
Idolaters
,
as
though
there
had
beene
no
such
matter
euer
by
them
thought
vpon
;
and
that
on
other
syde
the
Gomarists
could
be
so
kynd
,
as
to
sit
in
the
company
of
English
Idolaters
,
and
quietly
hold
their
peace
from
challenging
them
to
be
such
:
yea
and
without
all
scruple
of
conscience
,
to
eate
and
drinke
with
them
;
and
to
parte
very
good
friends
.
Surely
heere
is
in
this
case
a
great
moderation
and
suspension
of
spi●it
to
be
noted
in
both
,
seeing
the
one
knowing
what
the
other
kept
in
his
bosome
,
no
reproach
of
being
traytours
or
Idolaters
did
burst
forth
between
them
.
Thus
hauing
giuen
you
a
briefe
,
and
true
Relation
,
according
vnto
your
demannd
,
I
will
not
be
further
tedious
vnto
you
,
but
with
respectfull
remembrance
,
and
of
as
great
desyre
of
your
good
,
as
of
my
own
,
recommend
you
vnto
him
,
from
whome
only
all
good
proceedeth
.
FINIS
.
Faults
escaped
in
the
Printing
.
Page
Line
Fault
Correction
.
17.
17.
from
all
from
him
Ibid.
22.
published
polished
29.
8.
honorified
homofied
.
IFany
other
faults
haue
escaped
,
it
is
desired
of
the
Gentle
Reader
,
to
correct
them
of
his
courtesy
,
the
Author
being
farre
absent
from
the
Print
.