







 
   
     
       
         Good order established in Pennsilvania & New-Jersey in America being a true account of the country; with its produce and commodities there made. And the great improvements that may be made by means of publick store-houses for hemp, flax and linnen-cloth; also, the advantages of a publick school, the profits of a publick-bank, and the probability of its arising, if those directions here laid down are followed. With the advantages of publick granaries. ... By Thomas Budd.
         Budd, Thomas, 1648-1699.
      
       
         
           1685
        
      
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             Good order established in Pennsilvania & New-Jersey in America being a true account of the country; with its produce and commodities there made. And the great improvements that may be made by means of publick store-houses for hemp, flax and linnen-cloth; also, the advantages of a publick school, the profits of a publick-bank, and the probability of its arising, if those directions here laid down are followed. With the advantages of publick granaries. ... By Thomas Budd.
             Budd, Thomas, 1648-1699.
          
           39, [1] p.
           
             by William Bradford],
             [Philadelphia :
             Printed in the year 1685.
          
           
             Place of publication and printer's name from Evans and Hildeburn; Wing suggests [London?, Andrew Sowle?].
             Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Pennsylvania -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 -- Early works to 1800.
           New Jersey -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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             Good
             Order
             Established
          
           IN
           Pennsilvania
           &
           New-Jersey
           IN
           AMERICA
           ,
           Being
           a
           true
           Account
           of
           the
           Country
           ;
           With
           its
           Produce
           and
           Commodities
           there
           made
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           great
           Improvements
           that
           may
           be
           made
           by
           means
           of
           
             Publick
             Store-houses
          
           for
           
             Hemp
             ,
             flax
          
           and
           Linnen-Cloth
           ;
           also
           ,
           the
           Advantages
           of
           a
           Publick-School
           ,
           the
           Profits
           of
           a
           Publick-Bank
           ,
           and
           the
           Probability
           of
           its
           arising
           ,
           if
           those
           directions
           here
           laid
           down
           are
           followed
           .
           With
           the
           advantages
           of
           publick
           Granaries
           .
        
         
           Likewise
           ,
           several
           other
           things
           needful
           to
           be
           understood
           by
           those
           that
           are
           or
           do
           intend
           to
           be
           concerned
           in
           planting
           in
           the
           said
           Countries
           .
        
         
           All
           which
           is
           laid
           down
           very
           plain
           ,
           in
           this
           small
           Treatife
           ;
           it
           being
           easie
           to
           be
           understood
           by
           any
           ordinary
           Capacity
           .
           To
           which
           the
           Reader
           is
           referred
           for
           his
           further
           satisfaction
           .
        
         
           By
           Thomas
           Budd
           .
        
         
           Printed
           in
           the
           Year
           1685.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           Those
           that
           have
           generous
           Spirits
           ,
           whose
           desires
           and
           Endeavours
           are
           to
           bring
           the
           Creation
           into
           Order
           ,
           do
           I
           dedicate
           This
           ,
           the
           first
           Fruits
           of
           my
           Endeavours
           .
        
         
           I
           Taking
           into
           consideration
           the
           destressed
           Condition
           that
           many
           thousand
           Families
           lie
           under
           in
           my
           Native
           Country
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           deadness
           of
           Trade
           ,
           and
           want
           of
           work
           ,
           and
           believing
           that
           many
           that
           have
           great
           store
           of
           Money
           that
           lies
           by
           them
           unimploy'd
           ,
           would
           be
           willing
           and
           ready
           to
           assist
           and
           encourage
           those
           poor
           distressed
           People
           ,
           by
           supplying
           them
           with
           Monies
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           bring
           them
           out
           of
           that
           Slavery
           and
           Poverty
           they
           groan
           under
           ,
           if
           they
           might
           do
           it
           with
           safety
           to
           themselves
           .
           These
           Considerations
           put
           me
           on
           writing
           this
           small
           Treatise
           ,
           wherein
           I
           hope
           the
           Reader
           will
           have
           full
           Satisfaction
           ,
           that
           the
           Rich
           may
           help
           to
           relieve
           the
           Poor
           ,
           and
           yet
           reap
           great
           Profit
           and
           Advantage
           to
           themselves
           by
           their
           so
           doing
           ,
           which
           if
           it
           so
           happen
           that
           Rich
           and
           Poor
           are
           benefitted
           by
           following
           the
           Advice
           here
           given
           ,
           then
           will
           be
           answered
           the
           hearty
           Desires
           of
        
         
           
             Your
             True
             and
             Well-wishing
             Friend
             ,
             THOMAS
             BUDD
             .
          
           It
           is
           to
           be
           noted
           ,
           that
           the
           Government
           of
           these
           Countries
           is
           so
           settled
           by
           Concessions
           ,
           and
           such
           care
           taken
           by
           the
           establishment
           of
           certain
           fundamental
           Laws
           ,
           by
           which
           every
           Man's
           Liberty
           and
           Property
           ,
           both
           as
           Men
           and
           Christians
           ,
           are
           preserved
           ;
           so
           that
           none
           shall
           be
           hurt
           in
           his
           Person
           ,
           Estate
           or
           Liberty
           for
           his
           Religious
           Perswasion
           or
           Practice
           in
           Worship
           towards
           God.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           PEnnsylvania
           and
           New-Jersy
           in
           America
           lieth
           in
           about
           forty
           &
           forty
           two
           Degrees
           of
           North
           Latitude
           ,
           and
           is
           severed
           the
           one
           from
           the
           other
           by
           the
           River
           of
           Delaware
           on
           the
           West
           ,
           and
           seperated
           from
           New-York
           Collony
           by
           Sandy-hoock-Bay
           ,
           and
           part
           of
           Hudsons
           River
           on
           the
           East
           .
           The
           dayes
           in
           the
           Winter
           are
           about
           two
           hours
           longer
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           Summer
           two
           hours
           shorter
           than
           in
           England
           ,
           the
           Summer
           somewhat
           hotter
           ,
           which
           causeth
           the
           Fruits
           and
           Corn
           somewhat
           to
           ripen
           faster
           than
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           Harvest
           for
           
             Wheat
             ,
             Rye
          
           and
           Barley
           ,
           being
           about
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           June
           .
           In
           the
           Winter
           season
           it
           is
           cold
           and
           freezing
           Weather
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           Snow
           ,
           but
           commonly
           very
           clear
           and
           Sun-shine
           ,
           which
           soon
           dissolves
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           Country
           is
           well
           Watered
           ,
           the
           River
           of
           Delaware
           being
           navigable
           for
           Ships
           of
           great
           burthen
           to
           Burlington
           ,
           which
           from
           the
           Capes
           ,
           or
           entrance
           ,
           is
           accounted
           an
           hundred
           and
           forty
           Miles
           ;
           and
           for
           Sloops
           to
           the
           Falls
           ,
           which
           is
           about
           ten
           Miles
           farther
           .
        
         
           The
           Bay
           of
           Sandy-hoock
           on
           East-Jersy
           is
           a
           safe
           and
           excellent
           Harbour
           for
           any
           Fleet
           of
           Ships
           ,
           which
           can
           lie
           there
           in
           all
           Weathers
           ,
           and
           go
           in
           and
           out
           to
           Sea
           in
           Winter
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           Summer
           ,
           and
           Ships
           of
           great
           Burthen
           can
           lie
           close
           to
           the
           Town
           of
           New-Perth
           ,
           which
           renders
           it
           a
           good
           Scituation
           for
           Navigation
           ,
           from
           whence
           in
           six
           Hours
           time
           at
           most
           ,
           Ships
           can
           go
           out
           into
           the
           Sea
           ;
           and
           close
           by
           the
           Town
           of
           Perth
           runs
           up
           Rariton
           River
           .
           From
           the
           Falls
           of
           Delaware
           River
           the
           Indians
           go
           in
           Cannows
           up
           the
           said
           River
           ,
           to
           an
           Indian
           Town
           called
           Minisincks
           ,
           which
           is
           accounted
           from
           the
           Falls
           about
           eighty
           Miles
           ;
           but
           this
           they
           perform
           by
           great
           Labour
           in
           setting
           up
           against
           the
           Stream
           ;
           but
           they
           can
           come
           down
           
           with
           ease
           and
           speed
           ;
           the
           River
           from
           the
           Falls
           runs
           from
           the
           North
           and
           North-West
           about
           twenty
           Miles
           ,
           as
           I
           my self
           observed
           in
           my
           Travel
           so
           far
           by
           the
           River
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           Indians
           Information
           ,
           it
           cometh
           about
           more
           Easterly
           farther
           up
           .
           I
           have
           been
           informed
           ,
           that
           about
           Minisincks
           ,
           by
           the
           River-side
           ,
           both
           in
           New-Jersey
           and
           Pennsylvania
           is
           great
           quantities
           of
           exceeding
           rich
           open
           Land
           ,
           which
           is
           occasioned
           by
           washing
           down
           of
           the
           Leaves
           and
           Soil
           in
           great
           Rains
           from
           the
           Mountains
           ,
           which
           Land
           is
           exceeding
           good
           ,
           for
           the
           raising
           of
           Hem
           ?
           and
           
             Flax
             ,
             Wheat
          
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           sorts
           of
           Corn
           ,
           Fruits
           ,
           Roots
           &c.
           
           Where
           in
           time
           may
           be
           conveniently
           settled
           a
           Manufacture
           for
           the
           making
           of
           
             Linnen-cloth
             ,
             Cordage
             ,
             Twine
             ,
             Sacking
             ,
             Fishing-Nets
             ,
          
           and
           all
           other
           Commodities
           commonly
           made
           of
           Hemp
           or
           Flax
           :
           And
           after
           great
           Rains
           ,
           we
           may
           bring
           down
           great
           quantities
           of
           Goods
           in
           flat-bottom-Boats
           ,
           built
           for
           that
           purpose
           ,
           which
           will
           then
           come
           down
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           Land-floods
           with
           speed
           .
        
         
           And
           into
           this
           River
           ,
           betwixt
           the
           Capes
           and
           the
           Falls
           ,
           run
           many
           navigable
           Rivers
           and
           Cricks
           ,
           some
           of
           them
           fifteen
           or
           twenty
           Miles
           ,
           and
           others
           less
           ,
           which
           Rivers
           and
           Cricks
           are
           made
           by
           the
           plenty
           of
           Springs
           and
           Brooks
           ,
           that
           run
           out
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           many
           of
           which
           Brooks
           are
           so
           considerable
           ,
           as
           to
           be
           fit
           to
           drive
           Mills
           .
           And
           above
           the
           falls
           ,
           in
           travelling
           of
           twenty
           Miles
           by
           the
           Rivers
           side
           ,
           I
           went
           over
           twenty
           runnings
           of
           Water
           ,
           five
           or
           six
           of
           them
           being
           fit
           to
           build
           Mills
           on
           .
        
         
           The
           Country
           for
           the
           most
           part
           is
           pretty
           leavel
           ,
           until
           we
           come
           about
           ten
           Miles
           above
           the
           Falls
           ,
           where
           it
           is
           Mountanious
           for
           many
           Miles
           ,
           but
           interlaced
           with
           fertile
           Valleys
           .
           The
           Bay
           and
           River
           of
           Delaware
           ,
           and
           the
           Rivers
           and
           Cricks
           that
           runs
           into
           it
           ,
           are
           plentifully
           stored
           with
           various
           sorts
           of
           good
           Fish
           and
           Water-Fowl
           .
           as
           
             Swans
             ,
             Geese
             ,
             Ducks
             ,
             Wigeons
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           And
           a
           considerable
           
           Whale-Fishery
           may
           be
           carried
           on
           in
           
           the
           Bay
           of
           Delaware
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           Sea-Coasts
           of
           
             New
             Jersey
          
           ,
           there
           being
           Whale
           -
           Fisheries
           already
           begun
           ,
           plenty
           of
           Whales
           being
           by
           experience
           found
           there
           ,
           and
           the
           Winter-time
           being
           the
           time
           for
           the
           catching
           them
           ,
           they
           will
           not
           thereby
           be
           hindred
           of
           raising
           there
           Summer-Crops
           ;
           and
           the
           Oyl
           and
           Bone
           being
           good
           Commodities
           to
           be
           sent
           for
           England
           ,
           there
           also
           being
           in
           the
           Bay
           of
           Delaware
           and
           
             Sandy-hoock
             ,
             Drums
             ,
             Sheeps-heads
             Bass
             ,
          
           and
           other
           sorts
           of
           large
           Fish
           ,
           which
           may
           be
           fit
           to
           salt
           up
           in
           Casks
           to
           keep
           for
           use
           ,
           and
           Transportation
           also
           .
           There
           are
           great
           plenty
           of
           Oysters
           ,
           which
           may
           be
           pickled
           and
           put
           up
           in
           small
           Casks
           for
           use
           .
           Likewise
           ,
           in
           Delaware
           River
           are
           great
           plenty
           of
           Sturgion
           ,
           which
           doubtless
           might
           be
           a
           good
           Trade
           ,
           if
           mannaged
           by
           such
           Persons
           as
           are
           skilful
           in
           the
           boyling
           and
           pickling
           of
           them
           ,
           so
           as
           to
           preserve
           them
           good
           to
           Barbadoes
           ,
           and
           other
           adjacent
           Islands
           .
           There
           are
           also
           in
           the
           Spring
           great
           quantities
           of
           a
           sort
           of
           Fish
           like
           Herrings
           :
           with
           plenty
           of
           the
           Fish
           called
           Shads
           ,
           but
           not
           like
           the
           Shads
           in
           England
           ,
           but
           of
           another
           kind
           ,
           being
           a
           much
           better
           sort
           of
           Fish
           ;
           the
           Inhabitants
           usually
           catch
           quantities
           ,
           which
           they
           salt
           up
           ,
           and
           pack
           them
           in
           Barrels
           for
           Winter's
           Provision
           .
        
         
           The
           Lands
           from
           the
           Capes
           ,
           to
           about
           six
           Miles
           above
           New-Castle
           (
           which
           is
           by
           estimation
           ninety
           Miles
           )
           is
           for
           the
           most
           part
           very
           rich
           ,
           there
           being
           very
           many
           navigable
           Cricks
           on
           both
           sides
           of
           the
           River
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           River
           and
           Cricks
           are
           great
           quantities
           of
           rich
           fat
           Marsh
           Land
           ,
           which
           causeth
           those
           parts
           ,
           to
           some
           fresh
           People
           ,
           to
           be
           somewhat
           unhealthful
           in
           the
           latter
           part
           of
           the
           Summer
           ,
           at
           which
           time
           some
           of
           them
           have
           Agues
           :
           Also
           in
           and
           near
           these
           Marshes
           ,
           are
           small
           Flies
           ,
           called
           Musketoes
           ,
           which
           are
           troublesome
           to
           such
           People
           as
           are
           not
           used
           to
           them
           ;
           but
           were
           those
           Marshes
           banked
           ,
           and
           drained
           ,
           and
           then
           plowed
           and
           sowed
           ,
           some
           Years
           with
           Corn
           ,
           and
           then
           with
           English
           Hay-seed
           ,
           I
           do
           suppose
           it
           
           would
           be
           healthful
           ,
           and
           very
           little
           troubled
           with
           Musketoes
           ;
           and
           if
           Cattel
           did
           commonly
           feed
           on
           this
           Ground
           ,
           and
           tread
           it
           as
           in
           England
           ,
           I
           suppose
           it
           would
           not
           be
           inferior
           to
           the
           rich
           Meadows
           on
           the
           River
           of
           Thames
           ;
           and
           were
           quantities
           of
           this
           Land
           laid
           dry
           ,
           and
           brought
           into
           Tillage
           ,
           I
           suppose
           it
           would
           bear
           great
           Crops
           of
           
             Wheat
             ,
             Pease
          
           and
           
             Barley
             ,
             Hemp
          
           and
           Flax
           ,
           and
           it
           would
           be
           very
           fit
           for
           Hop-Gardens
           ,
           and
           for
           English
           Grass
           ,
           which
           might
           serve
           for
           rich
           Pastures
           or
           Meadow
           .
           Also
           these
           Marshes
           are
           fit
           for
           Rape
           ,
           and
           were
           
           Rape-Mills
           built
           ,
           and
           the
           design
           mannaged
           ,
           so
           as
           it
           would
           be
           if
           it
           were
           in
           England
           or
           Holland
           ,
           a
           great
           Trade
           might
           be
           carried
           on
           ,
           and
           many
           hundred
           Tuns
           of
           
           Rape-Oyl
           might
           be
           made
           Yearly
           ,
           and
           sent
           to
           England
           ,
           to
           the
           Planters
           inrichment
           ;
           and
           not
           only
           so
           ,
           but
           would
           be
           for
           Merchants
           advantage
           ,
           they
           thereby
           having
           Goods
           to
           freight
           their
           Ships
           ,
           which
           would
           tend
           to
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Inhabitants
           in
           general
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           those
           Trades
           and
           Designs
           are
           carried
           on
           to
           effects
           ,
           as
           are
           mentioned
           in
           this
           Treatise
           ,
           there
           would
           naturally
           follow
           Trade
           and
           Imployment
           for
           
             Ship-wrights
             ,
             Boat-wrights
             ,
             Coopers
             ,
             Carpenters
             ,
             Smiths
             ,
             Ropers
             ,
             Mariners
             ,
             Weavers
             ,
             Butchers
             ,
             Bakers
             ,
             Brewers
          
           ;
           and
           many
           other
           sorts
           of
           Trades
           would
           have
           full
           Impoyment
           .
        
         
           From
           six
           Miles
           above
           New-Castle
           to
           the
           Falls
           of
           Delaware
           (
           which
           is
           about
           sixty
           Miles
           )
           and
           so
           to
           the
           Head
           of
           the
           said
           River
           ,
           the
           Water
           is
           clear
           ,
           fresh
           ,
           and
           fit
           for
           Brewing
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           use
           .
        
         
           The
           Air
           clear
           and
           good
           ,
           it
           being
           supposed
           to
           be
           as
           healthful
           ,
           as
           any
           part
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           The
           Land
           is
           in
           Veins
           ,
           some
           good
           ,
           and
           some
           bad
           ,
           but
           the
           greatest
           part
           will
           bear
           good
           Corn
           ,
           as
           
             Wheat
             ,
             Rye
             ,
             Barley
             ,
             Oats
             ,
             Indian
             Corn
             ,
             Buck-Wheat
             ,
             Pease
          
           and
           
             Indian
             Beans
          
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           
             Fruits
             that
             grow
             natural
             in
             the
             Countries
             are
          
           Strawberries
           ,
           Cramberries
           .
           Huckleberries
           ,
           Blackberries
           ,
           Medlers
           ,
           Grapes
           ,
           
           Plums
           ,
           Hickery-Nuts
           ,
           Walnuts
           ,
           Multheries
           ,
           Chestnuts
           ,
           Hassel-nuts
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           
             Garden
             Fruits
             groweth
             well
             ,
             as
          
           Cabbage
           ,
           Colworts
           ,
           Colliflowers
           ,
           Sparagrass
           ,
           Carrots
           ,
           Parsneps
           ,
           Turnups
           ,
           Oynions
           ,
           Cowcumbers
           ,
           Pumkins
           ,
           Water-Mellons
           ,
           Musk-Mellons
           ,
           Squashe
           ,
           Potatoes
           ,
           Currants
           ,
           Goosberries
           ,
           Roses
           ,
           Cornations
           ,
           Tulips
           ,
           
             Garden-Herbs
             ,
             Flowers
             ,
             Seeds
             ,
             Fruits
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             for
             such
             as
             grow
             in
          
           England
           ,
           
             certainly
             will
             grow
             here
          
           .
        
         
           Orchards
           of
           
             Apples
             ,
             Pears
             ,
             Quinces
             ,
             Peaches
             ,
             Aprecocks
             ,
             Plums
             ,
             Cheries
             ,
          
           and
           other
           sorts
           of
           the
           usual
           Fruits
           of
           England
           may
           be
           soon
           raised
           to
           good
           advantage
           ,
           the
           Trees
           growing
           faster
           then
           in
           England
           ,
           whereof
           great
           quantities
           of
           Sider
           may
           be
           made
           .
           And
           were
           Glass-houses
           erected
           to
           furnish
           us
           with
           Bottles
           ,
           we
           might
           have
           a
           profitable
           Trade
           ,
           by
           sending
           Sider
           to
           Jamaico
           and
           Barbadoes
           ,
           &c.
           ready
           bottled
           ,
           which
           is
           commonly
           so
           sent
           from
           Herefordshire
           to
           London
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           supposed
           that
           we
           may
           make
           as
           good
           Wines
           as
           in
           France
           ,
           (
           if
           Vineyards
           were
           planted
           on
           the
           sides
           of
           Hills
           or
           Banks
           ,
           which
           are
           defended
           from
           the
           cold
           North-West
           Winds
           )
           with
           such
           Vines
           as
           the
           
           French-men
           commonly
           make
           those
           Wines
           of
           ;
           for
           the
           Climate
           is
           as
           proper
           as
           any
           part
           of
           France
           ,
           therefore
           it
           is
           rational
           to
           believe
           ,
           that
           the
           Wines
           will
           be
           as
           rich
           and
           good
           as
           in
           France
           .
           There
           are
           some
           Vineyards
           already
           planted
           in
           Pennsylvania
           ,
           and
           more
           intended
           to
           be
           planted
           by
           some
           French-Protestants
           ,
           and
           others
           ,
           that
           are
           gone
           to
           settle
           there
           .
        
         
           Several
           other
           Commodities
           may
           be
           raised
           here
           ,
           as
           Rice
           ,
           which
           is
           known
           to
           have
           been
           sown
           for
           a
           trayal
           ,
           and
           it
           grew
           very
           well
           ,
           and
           yielded
           good
           encrease
           .
        
         
           Also
           Annis-Seeds
           I
           have
           been
           informed
           groweth
           well
           ,
           and
           might
           be
           a
           profitable
           Commodity
           ,
           there
           being
           great
           Quantities
           used
           in
           England
           by
           Distillers
           .
        
         
           Liquorish
           doubtless
           would
           grow
           very
           well
           .
           And
           I
           question
           
           not
           but
           that
           
             Mather
             ,
             Woad
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Plants
           and
           Roots
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           use
           might
           be
           raised
           .
           Shuemack
           groweth
           natural
           .
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           a●useful
           Dargs
           grow
           naturally
           ,
           as
           
             Sassafrass
             ,
             〈…〉
             ,
             Callunus
             Aromatious
             ,
             Snake-Root
             ,
             Jallappa
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           The
           Pine-Tree
           groweth
           here
           ,
           out
           of
           which
           is
           made
           
             Pitch
             ,
             Tar
             ,
             Rosin
          
           and
           Tarpentine
           :
           In
           New-England
           some
           make
           quantities
           of
           Tar
           out
           of
           the
           knots
           of
           
             Pine
             Trees
          
           ,
           with
           which
           they
           supply
           themselves
           and
           others
           .
        
         
           There
           are
           many
           other
           sorts
           of
           
             Plants
             ,
             Roots
          
           and
           Herbs
           of
           great
           Virtue
           ,
           which
           grow
           here
           ,
           which
           are
           found
           to
           cure
           such
           Distempers
           as
           the
           People
           are
           insident
           to
           .
        
         
           Hops
           in
           some
           places
           grow
           naturally
           ,
           but
           were
           Hop
           -
           Gardens
           planted
           in
           low
           rich
           Land
           ,
           quantities
           might
           be
           raised
           to
           good
           advantage
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           no
           
             Lime
             Stone
          
           as
           we
           yet
           know
           of
           ,
           but
           we
           make
           Lime
           of
           Oyster
           Shels
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           Sea
           and
           Bay
           side
           are
           so
           plentiful
           ,
           that
           we
           may
           load
           Ships
           with
           them
           .
        
         
           There
           are
           several
           sorts
           of
           good
           Clay
           ,
           of
           which
           Bricks
           ,
           Earthen-Ware
           ,
           and
           Tobacco-Pipes
           are
           made
           ;
           and
           in
           some
           places
           there
           are
           Quaries
           of
           a
           ruf
           hard
           Stone
           ,
           which
           are
           good
           to
           wall
           Cellars
           ,
           and
           some
           Stone
           fit
           for
           Pavement
           .
        
         
           The
           Trees
           grow
           but
           him
           thin
           in
           most
           places
           ,
           and
           very
           little
           under-Wood
           .
           In
           the
           Woods
           groweth
           plentifully
           a
           course
           sort
           of
           Grass
           ,
           which
           is
           so
           proving
           that
           it
           soon
           makes
           the
           Cattel
           and
           Horses
           fat
           in
           the
           Summer
           ,
           but
           the
           Hay
           being
           course
           ,
           which
           is
           chiefly
           gotten
           on
           the
           fresh
           Marshes
           ,
           the
           Cattel
           loseth
           their
           Flesh
           in
           the
           Winter
           ,
           and
           become
           very
           poor
           ,
           except
           we
           give
           them
           Corn
           :
           But
           this
           may
           be
           remydied
           in
           time
           ,
           by
           draining
           of
           low
           rich
           Land
           ,
           and
           by
           plowing
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           sowing
           it
           with
           
           English-Grass-seed
           ,
           which
           here
           thrives
           very
           well
        
         
           The
           Hogs
           are
           fat
           in
           the
           VVoods
           when
           it
           is
           a
           good
           Mast-Year
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Woods
           are
           furnished
           with
           store
           of
           Wild
           Fowl
           ,
           as
           
             Turkeys
             ,
             Phesants
             ,
             Heath-Cocks
             ,
             Partridges
             ,
             Pidgeons
             ,
             Blackbirds
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           And
           People
           that
           will
           take
           the
           pains
           to
           raise
           the
           various
           sorts
           of
           tame
           Fowl
           ,
           may
           do
           it
           with
           as
           little
           trouble
           ,
           and
           less
           charge
           ,
           then
           they
           can
           in
           England
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           what
           they
           find
           in
           the
           Woods
           .
        
         
           Bees
           are
           found
           by
           the
           experience
           of
           several
           that
           keep
           them
           ,
           to
           thrive
           very
           well
           .
        
         
           I
           do
           not
           question
           but
           that
           we
           might
           make
           good
           strong
           sound
           
             Beer
             ,
             Ale
          
           and
           Mum
           ,
           that
           would
           keep
           well
           to
           Barbadoes
           the
           Water
           being
           good
           ,
           and
           Wheat
           and
           Barley
           in
           a
           few
           Years
           like
           to
           be
           very
           plentiful
           :
           Great
           quantities
           of
           
             Beer
             ,
             Ale
          
           and
           Mum
           is
           sent
           yearly
           from
           London
           ,
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           to
           
             Barbadoes
             ,
             Jamaica
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Islands
           in
           America
           ,
           where
           it
           sells
           to
           good
           advantage
           ;
           and
           if
           
             Beer
             ,
             Ale
          
           and
           Mam
           hold
           good
           from
           England
           to
           those
           places
           ,
           which
           't
           is
           said
           is
           above
           one
           thousand
           Leagues
           ;
           I
           question
           not
           but
           if
           it
           be
           well
           brewed
           in
           a
           seasonable
           time
           of
           the
           Year
           ,
           and
           put
           up
           in
           good
           Casks
           ,
           but
           it
           will
           keep
           good
           to
           be
           Transported
           from
           Delaware
           River
           to
           those
           Islands
           aforesaid
           ,
           which
           by
           computation
           ,
           is
           not
           above
           half
           so
           far
           .
           If
           Merchants
           can
           gain
           by
           sending
           
             Beer
             ,
             Ale
          
           and
           Mum
           from
           England
           ,
           where
           Corn
           is
           dear
           ,
           and
           Freight
           dear
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           length
           of
           the
           Voyage
           ,
           we
           in
           all
           probability
           must
           get
           much
           more
           ,
           that
           buy
           our
           Corn
           cheap
           ,
           and
           pay
           less
           Freight
           .
        
         
           Flower
           and
           Bisket
           may
           be
           made
           in
           great
           quantities
           in
           a
           few
           Years
           ,
           the
           Wheat
           being
           very
           good
           ,
           which
           seldom
           fails
           of
           finding
           a
           good
           Market
           at
           
             Barbadoes
             ,
             Jamaica
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Carieb
           Islands
           :
           great
           quantities
           are
           sent
           yearly
           from
           Lonaon
           ,
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           which
           if
           they
           can
           make
           Profit
           of
           it
           ,
           we
           much
           more
           for
           the
           Reasons
           already
           given
           .
        
         
           Pork
           is
           but
           about
           half
           the
           price
           as
           in
           England
           ,
           therefore
           the
           Inhabitants
           will
           seldom
           have
           their
           Market
           spoiled
           by
           
           any
           that
           come
           from
           England
           ,
           of
           which
           Commodity
           the
           Inhabitants
           in
           a
           few
           Years
           will
           have
           Quantities
           to
           sell
           to
           the
           Merchant
           ,
           which
           is
           salted
           ,
           and
           packed
           in
           Barrels
           ,
           and
           so
           transported
           to
           
             Jamaica
             ,
             Barbadoes
             ,
             Nevis
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Islands
           .
           Hams
           of
           Bacon
           are
           also
           made
           ,
           much
           after
           the
           same
           manner
           as
           in
           
             West-Falia
             ▪
          
           and
           the
           Bacon
           eats
           much
           like
           it
           .
        
         
           Our
           Beef
           in
           the
           Fall
           is
           very
           fat
           and
           good
           ,
           and
           we
           are
           likely
           in
           a
           few
           Years
           to
           have
           great
           Plenty
           ,
           which
           will
           serve
           our
           Families
           ,
           and
           furnish
           Shipping
           .
        
         
           Our
           Mutton
           is
           also
           fat
           ,
           sound
           and
           good
           ,
           being
           only
           fed
           with
           natural
           Grass
           ;
           but
           if
           we
           sprinkle
           but
           a
           little
           English
           Hay-Seed
           on
           the
           Land
           without
           Plowing
           ,
           and
           then
           feed
           Sheep
           on
           it
           ,
           in
           a
           little
           time
           it
           will
           so
           encrease
           ,
           that
           it
           will
           cover
           the
           Land
           with
           English
           Grass
           ,
           like
           unto
           our
           Pastures
           in
           England
           provided
           the
           Land
           be
           good
           .
           We
           find
           the
           Profits
           of
           Sheep
           are
           considerable
           .
        
         
           Our
           Butter
           is
           very
           good
           ,
           and
           our
           Cheese
           is
           indifferent
           good
           ,
           but
           when
           we
           have
           Pastures
           of
           English
           Gass
           ,
           (
           which
           many
           are
           getting
           into
           )
           then
           I
           suppose
           our
           Cheese
           will
           be
           as
           good
           as
           that
           of
           England
           :
        
         
           Our
           Horses
           are
           good
           serviceable
           Horses
           ,
           fit
           both
           for
           Draught
           and
           Saddle
           ,
           the
           Planters
           will
           ride
           them
           fifty
           Miles
           a
           day
           ,
           without
           Shoes
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           are
           indifferent
           good
           shapes
           ;
           of
           which
           many
           Ships
           are
           freighted
           yearly
           from
           New-England
           with
           Horses
           to
           
             Barbadoes
             ,
             Nevis
          
           ,
           and
           other
           places
           ;
           and
           some
           Ships
           have
           also
           been
           freighted
           out
           of
           Pennsylvania
           and
           New-Jersey
           with
           Horses
           to
           Barbadoes
           ;
           but
           if
           we
           had
           some
           choice
           Horses
           from
           England
           ,
           and
           did
           get
           some
           of
           the
           best
           of
           our
           Mares
           ,
           and
           keep
           them
           well
           in
           the
           Winter
           ,
           and
           in
           Pastures
           inclosed
           in
           the
           Summer
           ,
           to
           prevent
           there
           going
           amongst
           other
           Horses
           ,
           we
           might
           then
           have
           a
           choice
           breed
           of
           Horses
           ,
           which
           would
           tend
           much
           to
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           Inhabitants
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Commodities
           fit
           to
           send
           to
           England
           ,
           besides
           what
           are
           already
           named
           ,
           are
           the
           Skins
           of
           the
           several
           wild
           Beasts
           that
           are
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           as
           
             Elks
             ,
             Deer
             ,
             Beaver
             ,
             Fisher
             ,
             Bear
             ,
             Fox
             ,
             Rackoon
             ,
             Marten
             ,
             Otter
             ,
             Woolf
             ,
             M●skquash
             ,
             Mink
             ,
             Cat
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           Potashes
           may
           be
           here
           made
           ,
           and
           Soap
           ,
           not
           only
           to
           the
           supply
           of
           our selves
           ,
           but
           to
           sell
           to
           our
           Neighbours
           .
        
         
           Also
           Iron
           may
           be
           here
           made
           ,
           there
           being
           one
           
           Iron-Work
           already
           in
           East
           -
           Jersey
           .
        
         
           Likewise
           ,
           we
           may
           furnish
           Merchants
           with
           Pipe-Staves
           ,
           and
           other
           Coopers
           Timber
           and
           Hoops
           .
        
         
           The
           Woolen
           Manufacture
           may
           be
           mannaged
           in
           Pennsylvania
           and
           New-Jersey
           ,
           to
           good
           advantage
           ,
           the
           upper
           parts
           of
           the
           Country
           being
           very
           fit
           for
           the
           keeping
           of
           Sheep
           ,
           the
           Wool
           being
           found
           to
           be
           good
           ,
           and
           the
           Sheep
           not
           subject
           to
           the
           Rot
           :
           The
           Ewes
           commonly
           after
           the
           first
           time
           ,
           bring
           two
           Lambs
           at
           once
           .
        
         
           
             But
             it
             may
             be
             queried
          
           ,
           How
           shall
           the
           Sheep
           be
           preserved
           from
           the
           Woolf
           ?
        
         
           I
           answer
           ;
           Get
           such
           a
           Flock
           as
           it
           may
           answer
           the
           charge
           ,
           for
           a
           boy
           to
           make
           it
           his
           full
           Employment
           to
           look
           after
           them
           ,
           and
           let
           them
           be
           pend
           at
           Night
           in
           a
           House
           or
           Fold
           provided
           for
           that
           purpose
           .
           If
           one
           man
           have
           not
           enough
           to
           imploy
           a
           Shepherd
           ,
           then
           let
           several
           joyn
           their
           Stock
           together
           .
        
         
           
             But
             it
             may
             be
             queried
          
           ,
           Where
           shall
           Wool
           be
           gotten
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           Woollen
           Manufacture
           ,
           untill
           we
           have
           of
           our
           own
           raising
           ?
        
         
           I
           answer
           ;
           in
           Road-Island
           ,
           and
           some
           other
           adjacent
           Islands
           and
           Places
           ,
           Wool
           may
           be
           bought
           at
           six
           Pence
           a
           Pound
           ,
           and
           considerable
           Quantities
           may
           be
           there
           had
           ,
           which
           will
           supply
           until
           we
           can
           raise
           enough
           of
           our
           own
           .
        
         
           Also
           ,
           we
           may
           have
           Cotton-Wool
           from
           Barbadoes
           ,
           and
           other
           adjacent
           Islands
           in
           returns
           for
           our
           Provisions
           that
           we
           send
           them
           .
           So
           that
           the
           making
           of
           Cotton-Cloth
           and
           Fustians
           
           may
           be
           likewise
           made
           to
           good
           advantage
           ,
           the
           Cotten-Wool
           being
           purchased
           by
           the
           growth
           of
           our
           own
           Country
           ;
           and
           the
           Linnen-Yarn
           being
           spun
           by
           our
           own
           Families
           ,
           of
           Flax
           ,
           of
           our
           own
           growth
           and
           ordering
           .
        
         
           The
           
           Tanning-Trade
           and
           Shoemaking
           may
           be
           here
           mannaged
           to
           good
           advantage
           ,
           Hides
           being
           plenty
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           had
           at
           moderate
           Prices
           ,
           and
           ●ark
           to
           be
           had
           for
           only
           the
           charge
           in
           getting
           it
           .
        
         
           A
           Skinner
           that
           can
           dress
           Skins
           in
           Oyl
           ,
           may
           do
           very
           well
           ;
           for
           we
           have
           Elk
           skins
           ,
           and
           plenty
           of
           Buck
           and
           Doe
           skins
           ,
           which
           the
           Inhabitants
           give
           (
           at
           New-York
           ,
           where
           there
           are
           such
           Trades
           )
           one
           half
           for
           dressing
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           There
           ought
           to
           be
           
             publick
             Store-Houses
          
           provided
           for
           all
           Persons
           to
           bring
           their
           Flax
           ,
           Hemp
           and
           Linnen
           Cloth
           to
           ,
           where
           it
           may
           be
           preserved
           clean
           and
           dry
           at
           a
           very
           small
           Charge
           ,
           and
           the
           owner
           at
           liberty
           to
           take
           it
           out
           at
           his
           own
           will
           and
           pleasure
           ,
           or
           to
           sell
           ,
           transfer
           or
           assign
           it
           to
           any
           other
           .
           Now
           the
           Hemp
           ,
           Flax
           and
           Linnen
           Cloth
           being
           brought
           into
           the
           publick
           Store-House
           ,
           and
           the
           Quantity
           ,
           Quality
           and
           Value
           of
           it
           there
           registred
           in
           the
           Book
           ,
           to
           be
           kept
           for
           that
           purpose
           ;
           and
           the
           Person
           that
           hath
           put
           in
           the
           said
           Hemp
           ,
           Flax
           and
           Linnen
           Cloth
           ,
           taking
           a
           Note
           under
           the
           Hand
           and
           Seal
           ,
           from
           the
           Store-house
           Register
           ,
           of
           the
           quantity
           ,
           quality
           and
           value
           of
           the
           Hemp
           Flax
           ,
           and
           Linnen
           Cloth
           brought
           into
           the
           publick
           Store-House
           ,
           with
           the
           time
           it
           was
           delivered
           ;
           these
           Notes
           will
           pass
           from
           one
           man
           to
           another
           all
           one
           as
           Money
           :
           
             As
             for
             Example
          
           ,
           Suppose
           I
           am
           a
           Merchant
           ,
           that
           am
           furnished
           with
           divers
           sorts
           of
           goods
           ,
           I
           sell
           them
           to
           a
           Planter
           ,
           and
           receive
           their
           Notes
           which
           they
           had
           from
           the
           Store-house
           Registry
           ,
           in
           pay
           for
           my
           goods
           ,
           to
           the
           value
           of
           one
           hundred
           Pounds
           .
           I
           buy
           of
           the
           Clothier
           in
           Woolen
           Cloth
           to
           the
           value
           of
           sixty
           pounds
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           ●oper
           in
           Cordage
           to
           the
           value
           of
           forty
           pounds
           ;
           I
           pay
           them
           by
           these
           Notes
           on
           the
           Store-house
           ;
           the
           clother
           he
           buys
           Woolen
           Yarn
           
           of
           the
           Master
           of
           the
           Spinning-School
           ,
           to
           the
           value
           of
           sixty
           pounds
           ,
           and
           payes
           him
           by
           these
           Notes
           on
           the
           publick
           Store
           ;
           the
           Master
           of
           the
           Spinning-School
           buys
           of
           the
           Farmer
           in
           Wool
           to
           the
           value
           of
           sixty
           pounds
           ,
           and
           pays
           him
           by
           these
           Notes
           ;
           the
           Farmer
           buyeth
           of
           the
           Merchant
           in
           Goods
           to
           the
           value
           of
           sixty
           pounds
           ,
           and
           pays
           him
           by
           these
           Notes
           ;
           the
           Merchant
           receiveth
           on
           demand
           ,
           from
           the
           publick
           Store
           ,
           in
           Linnen
           Cloth
           to
           the
           value
           of
           sixty
           pound
           ,
           at
           receiving
           thereof
           he
           delivereth
           up
           the
           Notes
           to
           the
           Register
           of
           the
           publick
           Store
           ,
           which
           are
           cancelled
           ,
           and
           then
           filed
           up
           as
           Waste
           paper
           .
           The
           Roper
           ,
           when
           he
           pleaseth
           ,
           receives
           on
           demand
           ,
           in
           Hemp
           to
           the
           value
           of
           forty
           pounds
           out
           of
           the
           publick
           Store
           ,
           by
           which
           he
           is
           made
           capable
           of
           imploying
           his
           Servants
           in
           making
           of
           Cordage
           ;
           but
           he
           that
           hath
           no
           occasion
           to
           take
           out
           this
           Hemp
           or
           Flax
           ,
           or
           Linnen
           Cloth
           ,
           may
           pass
           these
           Notes
           from
           one
           man
           to
           another
           ,
           as
           often
           they
           please
           ,
           which
           is
           all
           one
           as
           ready
           Money
           at
           all
           times
           .
        
         
           Were
           the
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           Manufactuaries
           carried
           on
           to
           that
           height
           as
           it
           might
           be
           ,
           it
           would
           greatly
           advance
           these
           Countries
           ;
           for
           did
           we
           make
           our
           own
           Sail-cloth
           and
           Cordage
           ,
           we
           could
           make
           Ships
           ,
           Sloops
           and
           Boats
           at
           much
           easier
           Rates
           than
           they
           can
           build
           for
           in
           England
           ,
           the
           Timber
           costing
           us
           nothing
           but
           Labour
           .
           And
           were
           more
           Saw-Mills
           made
           (
           of
           which
           there
           are
           divers
           already
           )
           to
           cut
           Planks
           and
           other
           Timber
           ,
           both
           Ships
           and
           Houses
           might
           be
           built
           at
           easie
           Rates
           .
        
         
           Many
           Ship
           Loads
           of
           Hemp
           is
           brought
           yearly
           from
           the
           East
           Countries
           to
           England
           ,
           which
           is
           afterward
           there
           made
           into
           Cordage
           .
           Twine
           ,
           Sacking
           ,
           Fishing-Nets
           &c.
           and
           then
           transported
           from
           thence
           to
           
             Jamaica
             ,
             Barbadoes
             ,
             Virginia
             ,
             New-England
             ,
          
           and
           other
           parts
           of
           America
           ,
           so
           that
           doubtless
           materials
           made
           of
           Hemp
           ,
           must
           be
           sold
           in
           America
           by
           the
           Retaler
           ,
           at
           double
           the
           price
           as
           it
           cost
           where
           it
           grew
           ;
           by
           which
           it
           appears
           that
           at
           those
           prices
           we
           should
           have
           double
           for
           our
           labour
           
           to
           what
           they
           have
           ,
           and
           our
           Provisions
           as
           Cheap
           as
           theirs
           ,
           it
           being
           raised
           on
           Land
           that
           cost
           us
           little
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           Now.
           It
           might
           be
           well
           if
           a
           Law
           were
           made
           by
           the
           Governours
           and
           general
           Assemblies
           of
           Pennsilvania
           and
           New-Jersey
           ,
           that
           all
           Persons
           inhabiting
           in
           the
           said
           Provinces
           ,
           do
           put
           their
           Children
           seven
           years
           to
           the
           publick
           School
           ,
           or
           longer
           ,
           if
           the
           Parents
           please
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           Schools
           be
           provided
           in
           all
           Towns
           and
           Cities
           ,
           and
           Persons
           of
           known
           honesty
           ,
           skill
           and
           understanding
           be
           yearly
           chosen
           by
           the
           Governour
           and
           General
           Assembly
           ,
           to
           teach
           and
           instruct
           Boys
           and
           Girls
           in
           all
           the
           most
           useful
           Arts
           and
           Sciences
           that
           they
           in
           their
           youthful
           capacities
           may
           be
           capable
           to
           understand
           ,
           as
           the
           learning
           to
           Read
           and
           
             Write
             true
             English
             ,
             Latine
          
           ,
           and
           other
           useful
           Speeches
           and
           Languages
           ,
           and
           
             fair
             Writing
             ,
             Arithmatick
          
           and
           Book-keeping
           ,
           and
           the
           Boys
           to
           be
           taught
           and
           instructed
           in
           some
           Mystery
           or
           Trade
           ,
           as
           the
           making
           of
           
             Mathematical
             Instruments
             ,
             Joynery
             ,
             Turnery
             ,
          
           the
           making
           of
           Clocks
           and
           
             Watches
             ,
             Weaving
             ,
             Shoe-making
          
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           useful
           Trade
           or
           Mystery
           that
           the
           School
           is
           capable
           of
           teaching
           ;
           and
           the
           Girls
           to
           be
           taught
           and
           instructed
           in
           Spinning
           of
           Flax
           and
           Wool
           ,
           and
           Knitting
           of
           Gloves
           and
           
             Stockings
             ,
             Sewing
          
           ,
           and
           making
           of
           all
           sorts
           of
           useful
           Needle-Work
           ,
           and
           the
           making
           of
           Straw-Work
           ,
           as
           
             Hats
             ,
             Baskets
             ,
             &c.
          
           or
           any
           other
           useful
           Art
           or
           Mystery
           that
           the
           School
           is
           capable
           of
           teaching
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           That
           the
           Scholars
           be
           kept
           in
           the
           Morning
           two
           hours
           at
           
             Reading
             ,
             Writing
             ,
             Book-keeping
             &c.
          
           and
           other
           two
           hours
           at
           work
           in
           that
           Art
           ,
           Mystery
           or
           Trade
           that
           he
           or
           she
           most
           delighteth
           in
           ,
           and
           then
           let
           them
           have
           two
           hours
           to
           dine
           ,
           and
           for
           Recreation
           ;
           and
           in
           the
           afternoon
           two
           hours
           at
           
             Reading
             ,
             Writing
             ,
             &c.
          
           and
           the
           other
           two
           hours
           at
           work
           at
           their
           several
           Imployments
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           The
           seventh
           day
           of
           the
           Week
           the
           Scholars
           may
           come
           to
           school
           only
           in
           the
           fore-noon
           ,
           and
           at
           a
           certain
           hour
           in
           the
           
           after-noon
           let
           a
           Meeting
           be
           kept
           by
           the
           School-masters
           and
           their
           Scholars
           ,
           where
           after
           good
           instruction
           and
           admonition
           is
           given
           by
           the
           Masters
           ,
           to
           the
           Scholars
           ,
           and
           thanks
           returned
           to
           the
           Lord
           for
           his
           Mercies
           and
           Blessings
           that
           are
           daily
           received
           from
           him
           ,
           then
           let
           a
           strict
           examination
           be
           made
           by
           the
           Masters
           ,
           of
           the
           Conversation
           of
           the
           Scholars
           in
           the
           week
           past
           ,
           and
           let
           reproof
           ,
           admonition
           and
           correction
           be
           given
           to
           the
           Offendors
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           quantity
           and
           quality
           of
           their
           faults
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           Let
           the
           like
           Meetings
           be
           kept
           by
           the
           School-Mistrisses
           ,
           and
           the
           Girls
           apart
           from
           the
           Boys
           .
           By
           strictly
           observing
           this
           good
           Order
           ,
           our
           Children
           will
           be
           hindred
           of
           running
           into
           that
           Excess
           of
           Riot
           and
           Wickedness
           that
           youth
           is
           incident
           to
           ,
           and
           they
           will
           be
           a
           comfort
           to
           their
           tender
           Parents
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           Let
           one
           thousand
           Acres
           of
           Land
           be
           given
           and
           laid
           out
           in
           a
           good
           place
           ,
           to
           every
           publick
           School
           that
           shall
           be
           set
           up
           ,
           and
           the
           Rent
           or
           incom
           of
           it
           to
           go
           towards
           the
           defraying
           of
           the
           charge
           of
           the
           School
           .
        
         
           7.
           
           And
           to
           the
           end
           that
           the
           Children
           of
           poor
           People
           ,
           and
           the
           Children
           of
           Indians
           may
           have
           the
           like
           good
           Learning
           with
           the
           Children
           of
           Rich
           People
           ,
           let
           them
           be
           maintained
           free
           of
           charge
           to
           their
           Parents
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           Profits
           of
           the
           school
           ,
           arising
           by
           the
           Work
           of
           the
           Scholars
           ,
           by
           which
           the
           Poor
           and
           the
           Indians
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Rich
           ,
           will
           have
           their
           Children
           taught
           ,
           and
           the
           Remainder
           of
           the
           Profits
           ,
           if
           any
           be
           ,
           to
           be
           disposed
           of
           in
           the
           building
           of
           School-houses
           ,
           and
           Improvements
           on
           the
           thousand
           Acres
           of
           Land
           ,
           which
           belongs
           to
           the
           School
           .
        
         
           The
           manner
           and
           Profits
           of
           a
           Spinning-School
           in
           Germany
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           laid
           down
           by
           
             Andrew
             Yarenton
          
           in
           his
           own
           words
           ,
           in
           a
           Book
           of
           his
           ,
           call'd
           ,
           
             England's
             Improvements
             by
             Sea
             and
             Land
             ,
          
           take
           as
           followeth
           .
        
         
           
             In
             Germany
             ,
             where
             the
             Thred
             is
             made
             that
             makes
             the
             fine
             Linnens
             ,
             in
             all
             Towns
             there
             are
             Schools
             for
             little
             Girls
             ,
             from
             six
             years
             old
             ,
             and
             upwards
             ,
             to
             teach
             them
             to
             spin
             ,
             and
             so
             to
             
             bring
             their
             tender
             fingers
             by
             degrees
             to
             spin
             very
             fine
             ;
             their
             Wheels
             go
             all
             by
             the
             Foot
             ,
             made
             to
             go
             with
             much
             ease
             ,
             whereby
             the
             action
             or
             motion
             is
             very
             easie
             and
             delightful
             :
             The
             way
             ,
             method
             ,
             rule
             and
             order
             how
             they
             are
             govern'd
             is
             ,
             1
             st
             .
             There
             is
             a
             large
             Room
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             middle
             thereof
             a
             little
             Box
             like
             a
             Pulpit
             :
             2
             dly
             ,
             There
             are
             benches
             built
             round
             about
             the
             Room
             ,
             as
             they
             are
             in
             Play-houses
             ,
             up
             on
             the
             benches
             sit
             about
             two
             hundred
             Children
             spinning
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             box
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             room
             ,
             sits
             the
             grand
             Mistress
             with
             a
             long
             white
             Wand
             in
             her
             hand
             ;
             if
             she
             observe
             any
             of
             them
             idle
             ,
             she
             reaches
             them
             a
             tap
             ,
             but
             if
             that
             will
             not
             do
             ,
             she
             rings
             a
             bell
             ,
             which
             by
             a
             little
             ord
             is
             fixed
             to
             the
             box
             ,
             and
             out
             comes
             a
             VVomau
             ,
             she
             then
             points
             to
             the
             Ofendor
             ,
             and
             she
             is
             taken
             away
             into
             another
             Room
             and
             chastized
             ;
             and
             all
             this
             is
             done
             without
             one
             word
             speaking
             :
             In
             a
             little
             Room
             by
             the
             School
             there
             is
             a
             VVoman
             that
             is
             preparing
             ,
             and
             putting
             Flax
             on
             the
             Distaffs
             ,
             and
             upon
             the
             ringing
             of
             a
             Bell
             ,
             and
             pointing
             the
             Rod
             at
             the
             Maid
             that
             hath
             spun
             off
             her
             Flax
             ,
             she
             hath
             another
             Distaff
             given
             her
             ,
             and
             her
             Spool
             of
             Thred
             taken
             from
             her
             ,
             and
             put
             into
             a
             box
             unto
             others
             of
             the
             same
             size
             ,
             to
             make
             Cloth
             ,
             all
             being
             of
             equal
             Threds
             .
             1
             st
             .
             They
             raise
             their
             Children
             ,
             as
             they
             spin
             finer
             ,
             to
             the
             higher
             Benches
             :
             2.
             
             They
             sort
             and
             size
             all
             the
             Threds
             ,
             so
             that
             they
             can
             apply
             them
             to
             make
             equal
             Cloths
             ;
             and
             after
             a
             young
             Maid
             hath
             been
             three
             years
             in
             the
             Spinning-School
             ,
             that
             is
             taken
             in
             at
             six
             ,
             and
             then
             continues
             until
             nine
             years
             ,
             she
             will
             get
             eight
             pence
             the
             day
             ,
             and
             in
             these
             parts
             I
             speak
             of
             ,
             a
             man
             that
             has
             most
             Children
             ,
             lives
             best
          
        
         
           Now
           were
           Spining-Schools
           settled
           in
           the
           principal
           Cities
           and
           Towns
           in
           Pennlyvania
           and
           
             New
             Jersey
          
           and
           a
           Law
           made
           to
           oblige
           the
           Parents
           of
           Children
           ,
           to
           put
           their
           Children
           to
           School
           ,
           we
           should
           then
           soon
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           such
           a
           way
           of
           making
           Linnen-Cloth
           ,
           as
           that
           we
           should
           not
           only
           have
           sufficient
           fo
           
           our
           own
           supply
           ,
           but
           also
           should
           have
           quantities
           to
           sell
           to
           the
           Inhabitants
           of
           our
           own
           neighbouring
           Provinces
           ,
           where
           it
           will
           sell
           at
           considerable
           Prices
           ,
           they
           being
           usually
           supplied
           from
           England
           ,
           where
           it
           must
           be
           dear
           ,
           after
           Freight
           ,
           Custom
           ,
           and
           other
           charges
           at
           Importation
           ,
           with
           the
           Merchants
           profit
           considered
           ;
           and
           yet
           nevertheless
           this
           Cloth
           ,
           thus
           dear
           bought
           will
           sell
           in
           
             New-England
             ,
             Virginia
          
           ,
           and
           some
           other
           places
           in
           America
           ,
           at
           thirty
           Pound
           
             per
             Cent
          
           profit
           ,
           above
           the
           first
           cost
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           Moneys
           paid
           by
           Bills
           of
           Exchange
           ,
           and
           the
           Retalier
           makes
           commonly
           on
           Goods
           thus
           bought
           not
           less
           then
           twenty
           Pounds
           
             per
             Cent.
          
           profit
           :
           So
           that
           if
           all
           things
           be
           considered
           ,
           the
           Cloth
           is
           sold
           in
           America
           ,
           to
           the
           Planter
           at
           full
           double
           the
           price
           as
           it
           cost
           from
           the
           maker
           in
           France
           or
           Germany
           ,
           from
           whence
           it
           brought
           to
           England
           ,
           by
           which
           it
           doth
           appear
           ,
           that
           if
           we
           do
           get
           such
           Prices
           for
           the
           Cloth
           that
           we
           make
           ,
           then
           we
           shall
           have
           double
           for
           our
           Labour
           to
           what
           they
           have
           ;
           therefore
           it
           may
           be
           well
           that
           a
           Law
           were
           made
           for
           the
           encouragement
           of
           the
           
             Linnen
             Manufacture
          
           by
           the
           Governours
           and
           General
           Assemblies
           ,
           that
           all
           Persons
           inhabiting
           in
           Pennsylvania
           ,
           or
           New-Jersey
           ,
           that
           keep
           a
           Plow
           ,
           do
           sow
           one
           Acre
           of
           Flax
           ,
           and
           two
           Acres
           of
           Hemp
           ,
           which
           would
           be
           a
           means
           of
           supplying
           us
           with
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           ,
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           Manufacturies
           of
           Linnen-Cloth
           and
           Cordage
           ;
           and
           also
           would
           be
           very
           profitable
           to
           the
           Planter
           ,
           by
           imploying
           his
           Family
           in
           the
           Winter
           season
           ,
           when
           they
           would
           have
           otherwise
           but
           little
           else
           to
           do
           ,
           viz.
           the
           Men
           and
           Boys
           in
           Breaking
           and
           Dressing
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           making
           it
           fit
           for
           use
           ,
           and
           the
           Women
           and
           Girls
           in
           Spining
           it
           ,
           and
           nevertheless
           they
           may
           carry
           on
           their
           Husbandry
           as
           largely
           ,
           as
           if
           nothing
           of
           this
           was
           done
           ;
           the
           Husbandry-Affairs
           being
           chiefly
           betwixt
           the
           Spring
           and
           Fall.
           
        
         
           Now
           to
           that
           end
           that
           a
           Bank
           of
           Monies
           and
           Credit
           may
           be
           in
           Pennsilvania
           and
           
             New
             Jersey
          
           ,
           a
           Law
           may
           be
           made
           ,
           that
           all
           
           Monies
           sent
           on
           Interest
           be
           at
           8
           
             l.
             per
             Cent.
          
           by
           the
           year
           ,
           and
           that
           all
           Bills
           and
           Bonds
           be
           entred
           on
           the
           publick
           Registry
           ,
           and
           by
           Act
           of
           Assembly
           be
           made
           transferable
           by
           Assignments
           ,
           so
           as
           the
           Property
           may
           go
           along
           with
           the
           Assignment
           ;
           thereby
           a
           Bond
           or
           Bill
           will
           go
           in
           the
           nature
           of
           
             Bills
             of
             Exchange
          
           ;
           and
           so
           A.
           owing
           200
           l.
           to
           B.
           he
           assigns
           him
           the
           Bond
           of
           C.
           who
           owed
           him
           200
           l.
           and
           C.
           owing
           D.
           200
           l.
           assigns
           him
           the
           Bond
           of
           E.
           who
           owed
           him
           200
           l.
           and
           so
           one
           Bond
           or
           Bill
           would
           go
           through
           twenty
           hands
           ,
           and
           thereby
           be
           as
           ready
           Monies
           ,
           and
           do
           much
           to
           the
           Benefit
           of
           Trade
           .
           Also
           ,
           that
           all
           Lands
           and
           Houses
           be
           put
           under
           a
           publick
           Registry
           ,
           and
           entred
           in
           the
           Book
           ,
           with
           an
           account
           of
           the
           value
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           how
           occupied
           and
           tenanted
           ,
           a
           particular
           thereof
           being
           given
           under
           the
           Hand
           and
           Seal
           of
           the
           Office
           to
           the
           Owners
           .
           We
           having
           thus
           fitted
           our selves
           with
           a
           publick
           Registry
           of
           all
           our
           Lands
           and
           Houses
           ,
           whereby
           it
           is
           made
           ready
           Money
           at
           all
           times
           ,
           without
           the
           charge
           of
           Law
           ,
           or
           the
           necessity
           of
           a
           Lawyer
           ;
           and
           a
           Law
           being
           made
           for
           the
           payment
           of
           such
           large
           Interest
           for
           Monies
           lent
           ,
           and
           the
           security
           being
           so
           undeniably
           good
           ,
           a
           Pank
           will
           in
           time
           arise
           ,
           and
           such
           a
           Bank
           as
           will
           be
           for
           the
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           of
           Pennsilvania
           and
           New-Jersey
           ,
           and
           Trade
           universal
           .
        
         
           Suppose
           my self
           ,
           and
           some
           others
           have
           in
           Houses
           and
           Lands
           in
           Pennsilvania
           or
           New-Jersey
           ,
           worth
           3000
           l.
           and
           are
           minded
           to
           mannage
           and
           carry
           on
           the
           Linnen
           Manufacture
           ,
           but
           cannot
           do
           it
           ,
           without
           borrowing
           on
           Interest
           2000
           l.
           therefore
           we
           come
           to
           the
           Bank
           in
           Pennsilvania
           or
           
             New
             Jersey
          
           ,
           and
           there
           tender
           a
           particular
           of
           our
           Lands
           and
           Houses
           ,
           and
           how
           occupied
           or
           tennanted
           ,
           being
           worth
           3000
           l.
           in
           Pennsilvania
           or
           New-Jersey
           ,
           and
           desire
           them
           to
           lend
           us
           2000
           l.
           and
           we
           will
           Mortgage
           our
           Land
           &
           Houses
           for
           it
           ;
           the
           answer
           will
           be
           ,
           
             We
             will
             send
             to
             the
             Register's
             Office
             your
             particular
             ,
             and
             at
             the
             return
             of
             the
             Messenger
             you
             shall
             have
             your
             answer
             :
          
           The
           
           Registers
           send
           answer
           ,
           it
           is
           our
           Lands
           and
           Houses
           ,
           and
           occupied
           ,
           and
           tenanted
           ,
           and
           valued
           according
           to
           the
           particular
           ,
           there
           needs
           no
           more
           words
           but
           to
           tell
           us
           the
           Money
           ,
           with
           which
           we
           carry
           on
           the
           Trade
           briskly
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           benefit
           and
           advantage
           of
           some
           hundreds
           of
           People
           that
           we
           set
           to
           work
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           supplying
           of
           the
           Inhabitants
           with
           Cloth
           made
           of
           Flax
           ,
           grown
           ,
           drest
           ,
           spun
           and
           wove
           in
           our
           own
           Provinces
           ;
           which
           Trade
           we
           could
           not
           mannage
           and
           carry
           on
           without
           this
           credit
           ,
           but
           having
           this
           credit
           ,
           we
           go
           on
           with
           our
           Trade
           comfortably
           ,
           and
           the
           Lender
           will
           have
           his
           ends
           answered
           ,
           and
           his
           Moneys
           well
           secured
           .
           And
           its
           certain
           ,
           such
           an
           Anchorage
           ,
           Fund
           ,
           and
           Foundation
           ,
           will
           then
           bring
           out
           the
           Monyes
           unimployed
           from
           all
           Persons
           in
           these
           Provinces
           ,
           even
           People
           of
           all
           degrees
           will
           put
           in
           their
           Monyes
           ,
           which
           will
           be
           put
           out
           again
           into
           Trade
           to
           Merchants
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           stand
           in
           need
           of
           ready
           Monyes
           ;
           and
           thereby
           Trade
           is
           made
           easie
           ,
           and
           much
           convenienced
           .
        
         
           Suppose
           ten
           Families
           purchase
           in
           Pennsilvania
           or
           New-Jersey
           five
           thousand
           Acres
           of
           Land
           ,
           and
           they
           lay
           out
           a
           small
           Township
           in
           the
           middle
           of
           it
           ,
           for
           the
           conveniency
           of
           neighbourhood
           ,
           to
           each
           Family
           one
           hundred
           Acres
           for
           Houses
           ,
           Gardens
           ,
           Orchards
           ,
           Corn-fields
           and
           Pastures
           of
           English
           Grass
           ,
           the
           remainder
           to
           lie
           in
           common
           ,
           to
           feed
           their
           Ca●tel
           ;
           and
           suppose
           that
           by
           that
           time
           they
           have
           built
           their
           dwelling
           Houses
           ,
           Cow-houses
           ,
           Barnes
           ,
           and
           other
           Out-houses
           ,
           and
           have
           made
           Inclosures
           about
           their
           home-lots
           ,
           that
           their
           Monyes
           is
           all
           expended
           ,
           and
           without
           a
           further
           supply
           to
           buy
           Oxen
           and
           Horses
           to
           plow
           their
           Land
           ,
           and
           Cows
           to
           find
           their
           Families
           in
           Milk
           ,
           Butter
           and
           Cheese
           ,
           and
           Sows
           to
           breed
           a
           stock
           on
           ,
           they
           will
           live
           but
           meanly
           for
           some
           time
           ,
           therefore
           to
           amend
           their
           condition
           they
           come
           to
           the
           Bank
           ,
           and
           there
           tender
           a
           particular
           of
           their
           Lands
           ,
           valued
           to
           be
           worth
           1500
           l.
           on
           which
           they
           desire
           to
           take
           up
           1000
           l.
           to
           purchase
           a
           Stock
           of
           Oxen
           ,
           Horses
           ,
           Cows
           ,
           Sows
           ,
           Sheep
           and
           Servants
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           will
           be
           enabled
           
           to
           carry
           on
           their
           Husbandry
           to
           great
           advantage
           ,
           and
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Province
           in
           general
           ;
           and
           it
           may
           be
           that
           in
           two
           or
           three-years
           time
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           able
           to
           pay
           in
           this
           Money
           ,
           with
           Interest
           ,
           to
           the
           owner
           ;
           and
           in
           two
           or
           three
           years
           more
           may
           be
           able
           to
           bring
           into
           the
           Bank
           ,
           to
           be
           lent
           out
           to
           others
           ,
           one
           thousand
           pounds
           of
           their
           own
           Estates
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           the
           benefit
           of
           
             publick
             Granaries
          
           on
           
             Delaware
             River
          
           ,
           to
           keep
           the
           Corn
           for
           all
           Merchants
           ,
           Bakers
           and
           Farmers
           that
           please
           to
           send
           it
           thither
           ,
           that
           so
           the
           destruction
           and
           damages
           occasioned
           by
           Rats
           and
           Mice
           ,
           may
           be
           prevented
           .
           In
           this
           Granary
           ,
           Corn
           at
           all
           times
           may
           be
           taken
           in
           ,
           from
           all
           Persons
           that
           please
           to
           send
           it
           ,
           and
           the
           Corn
           so
           sent
           may
           be
           preserved
           sweet
           ,
           safe
           ,
           and
           in
           good
           Order
           ,
           at
           a
           small
           charge
           for
           a
           whole
           year
           ,
           and
           the
           owner
           at
           liberty
           to
           take
           it
           out
           at
           his
           own
           will
           and
           pleasure
           ,
           or
           to
           sell
           ,
           transfer
           or
           assign
           any
           part
           of
           the
           said
           Corn
           to
           any
           Person
           or
           Persons
           for
           the
           payment
           of
           his
           Debts
           ,
           or
           to
           furnish
           himself
           with
           Clothing
           ,
           or
           other
           Necessaries
           from
           the
           Merchant
           ;
           and
           the
           Granary-keepers
           to
           give
           good
           security
           that
           all
           things
           should
           be
           faithfully
           done
           &
           discharged
           .
           Now
           the
           Corn
           being
           brought
           into
           the
           publick
           Granary
           ,
           and
           there
           registred
           in
           the
           Register-Book
           ,
           to
           be
           kept
           for
           that
           purpose
           ;
           and
           the
           Person
           that
           hath
           put
           in
           the
           said
           Corn
           ,
           taking
           a
           Note
           under
           hand
           and
           seal
           ,
           from
           the
           Granary-Register
           ,
           of
           the
           quantity
           of
           Corn
           brought
           into
           the
           Granary
           ,
           with
           the
           time
           it
           was
           delivered
           ,
           and
           the
           matter
           and
           kind
           of
           the
           Corn
           ,
           then
           these
           Advantages
           will
           ensue
           :
        
         
           First
           ,
           Preservation
           from
           the
           Rats
           and
           Mice
           ,
           Straw
           to
           supply
           his
           Cattel
           ,
           the
           Chaff
           for
           his
           Horses
           ,
           and
           the
           light
           Corn
           to
           feed
           his
           Pigs
           and
           Poultry
           ;
           his
           Husbandry
           mannaged
           with
           rule
           and
           order
           to
           his
           advantage
           ;
           no
           forc'd
           haste
           ,
           but
           thrashing
           and
           carrying
           the
           Corn
           to
           the
           Granary
           in
           times
           wherein
           his
           servants
           have
           leisure
           ;
           so
           in
           seeding
           time
           &
           harvest
           all
           People
           are
           freed
           from
           that
           .
           Besides
           ,
           there
           being
           at
           all
           times
           sufficient
           quantities
           
           of
           Corn
           in
           the
           Granaries
           to
           load
           Ships
           ,
           Merchants
           from
           Barbadoes
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           will
           come
           to
           buy
           Corn
           ;
           of
           one
           Farmer
           he
           may
           buy
           one
           hundred
           Bushels
           ,
           of
           another
           fifty
           ,
           and
           so
           he
           may
           buy
           the
           Corn
           that
           belongs
           to
           sixty
           or
           eighty
           Farmers
           ,
           and
           receive
           their
           Notes
           which
           they
           had
           from
           the
           Granary-Office
           ,
           which
           Corn
           he
           letteth
           lie
           in
           the
           Granary
           until
           he
           have
           occasion
           to
           use
           it
           ,
           then
           he
           orders
           his
           Baker
           to
           go
           with
           those
           notes
           to
           the
           Granary-Office
           ,
           and
           receive
           such
           quantities
           as
           he
           hath
           a
           mind
           shall
           be
           made
           into
           Flower
           and
           Bisket
           ,
           which
           the
           Baker
           does
           accordingly
           ,
           and
           gets
           it
           packt
           up
           in
           Casks
           ,
           and
           sent
           to
           Barbadoes
           ;
           the
           remainder
           ,
           if
           he
           please
           ,
           he
           may
           full
           to
           some
           other
           Merchant
           that
           lives
           at
           Barbadoes
           ;
           or
           some
           other
           place
           ,
           and
           when
           sold
           ,
           may
           deliver
           the
           said
           Merchant
           the
           Notes
           on
           the
           Granary-Office
           ,
           at
           sight
           whereof
           they
           may
           receive
           their
           Corn
           ,
           if
           they
           please
           ,
           or
           they
           may
           pass
           those
           Notes
           from
           one
           to
           another
           ,
           as
           often
           as
           they
           please
           ,
           which
           is
           all
           one
           as
           Money
           ,
           the
           Corn
           being
           lodged
           safe
           ,
           and
           kept
           in
           the
           publick
           Granary
           ,
           will
           be
           the
           occasion
           of
           imploying
           much
           of
           the
           Cash
           of
           Pennsilvania
           and
           New-Jersey
           ;
           most
           People
           near
           these
           publick
           Bank
           Granaries
           ,
           will
           be
           dealing
           to
           have
           some
           Corn
           in
           Bank-Credit
           ;
           for
           that
           cannot
           miss
           of
           finding
           an
           encrease
           and
           benefit
           to
           them
           in
           the
           rise
           of
           Corn.
           
        
         
           The
           best
           places
           at
           present
           for
           the
           building
           of
           Granaries
           ,
           are
           ,
           I
           suppose
           ,
           Burlington
           in
           
             West-Jersey
             ,
             Philadelphia
          
           and
           New-Castle
           in
           Pennsilvania
           ,
           and
           
             New
             Perth
          
           in
           East-Jersey
           ,
           which
           places
           are
           excellently
           situated
           ,
           there
           being
           many
           Navigable
           Rivers
           ,
           whereby
           Trade
           is
           very
           communicable
           ,
           and
           the
           Corn
           may
           be
           brought
           in
           Boats
           and
           Sloops
           from
           most
           places
           now
           inhabited
           ,
           by
           water
           to
           these
           publick
           Granaries
           ,
           for
           small
           charge
           ,
           and
           from
           the
           Granaries
           may
           be
           carried
           to
           Water-Mills
           to
           grind
           ,
           which
           are
           some
           of
           them
           so
           conveniently
           situated
           ,
           that
           Boats
           may
           come
           to
           the
           Mill-Tayl
           ,
           which
           is
           also
           a
           great
           conveniency
           to
           those
           that
           trade
           much
           in
           Corn.
           
        
         
         
           Now
           I
           will
           demonstrate
           ,
           and
           shew
           you
           the
           length
           ,
           breadth
           and
           heighth
           the
           Granaries
           ought
           to
           be
           of
           ,
           to
           hold
           this
           Corn
           ;
           as
           also
           the
           Charge
           of
           building
           one
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           way
           how
           it
           should
           be
           built
           for
           the
           best
           advantage
           ,
           with
           the
           way
           of
           ordering
           and
           managing
           the
           Corn
           that
           it
           may
           keep
           good
           ,
           sweet
           and
           clean
           ,
           eight
           or
           ten
           Years
           .
           The
           Granaries
           must
           be
           three
           hundred
           Foot
           long
           ,
           eighten
           Foot
           wide
           betwixt
           inside
           and
           inside
           ,
           seven
           Stories
           high
           ,
           each
           Story
           seven
           Foot
           high
           ,
           all
           to
           be
           built
           of
           good
           well
           burnt
           Brick
           ,
           and
           laid
           in
           Lime
           and
           Sand
           very
           well
           ;
           the
           ends
           of
           the
           Granaries
           must
           be
           set
           North
           and
           South
           ,
           so
           the
           sides
           will
           be
           East
           and
           West
           ;
           and
           in
           the
           sides
           of
           the
           Granaries
           ,
           there
           must
           be
           large
           Windows
           to
           open
           and
           shut
           close
           ,
           that
           when
           the
           Wind
           blows
           at
           West
           ,
           the
           Windows
           may
           be
           laid
           open
           ,
           and
           then
           the
           Granary
           man
           will
           be
           turning
           and
           winding
           the
           Corn
           ,
           and
           all
           Filth
           and
           Dross
           will
           be
           blown
           out
           at
           the
           Window
           .
           When
           the
           Weather
           is
           fair
           ,
           then
           throw
           open
           the
           VVindows
           ,
           to
           let
           in
           the
           Air
           to
           the
           Corn
           ;
           and
           in
           the
           middle
           ,
           there
           must
           be
           Stoves
           to
           be
           kept
           with
           Fire
           in
           them
           in
           all
           moist
           or
           wet
           times
           ,
           or
           at
           going
           away
           of
           great
           Frosts
           and
           Snows
           ,
           to
           prevent
           moistness
           either
           in
           the
           Brick-walls
           ,
           Timber
           ,
           Boards
           or
           Corn.
           There
           must
           be
           in
           each
           side
           of
           the
           Granaries
           ,
           three
           or
           four
           long
           Troughs
           or
           Spouts
           fixt
           in
           the
           uppermost
           Loft
           ,
           which
           must
           run
           about
           twenty
           Foot
           out
           of
           the
           Granary
           ;
           and
           in
           fine
           VVeather
           ,
           the
           Granary
           men
           must
           be
           throwing
           the
           Corn
           out
           of
           the
           uppermost
           Loft
           ,
           and
           so
           it
           will
           fall
           into
           another
           Spout
           made
           ten
           Foot
           wide
           at
           the
           top
           ,
           and
           through
           that
           Spout
           the
           Corn
           descends
           into
           the
           lowermost
           Loft
           ,
           and
           then
           wound
           up
           on
           the
           inside
           of
           the
           Granary
           ,
           by
           a
           Crane
           fixt
           for
           that
           purpose
           ,
           and
           the
           Corn
           receiving
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Air
           ,
           falling
           down
           thirty
           Foot
           before
           it
           comes
           into
           the
           second
           Spout
           ,
           cleanseth
           it
           from
           its
           filth
           and
           Chaff
           ;
           these
           Spouts
           are
           to
           be
           taken
           off
           and
           on
           ,
           as
           occasion
           requires
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           fixt
           to
           another
           of
           the
           
           Lofts
           ,
           that
           when
           Vessels
           come
           to
           load
           Corn
           ,
           they
           may
           through
           these
           Spouts
           convey
           the
           Corn
           into
           the
           Boats
           or
           Sloops
           ,
           without
           any
           thing
           of
           Labour
           ,
           by
           carrying
           it
           on
           the
           Backs
           of
           men
           .
        
         
           
             The
             charge
             of
             one
          
           Granary
           
             three
             Hundred
             Foot
             long
             ,
             eighteen
             Foot
             wide
             ,
             seven
             Stories
             high
             ,
             seven
             Foot
             betwixt
             each
             Story
             ,
             being
             built
             with
             Brick
             in
          
           England
           ,
           
             as
             by
             the
             Account
             of
          
           Andrew
           Yarenton
           ,
           
             take
             as
             followeth
          
           ;
           Six
           hundred
           thousand
           of
           Bricks
           builds
           a
           Granary
           ,
           two
           Bricks
           and
           a
           half
           thick
           the
           two
           first
           Stories
           ,
           two
           Bricks
           thick
           the
           three
           next
           Stories
           ,
           Brick
           and
           a
           half
           thick
           the
           two
           uppermost
           Stories
           ;
           and
           the
           Brick
           will
           be
           made
           and
           delivered
           on
           the
           Place
           for
           eight
           Shillings
           the
           Thousand
           ,
           the
           laying
           of
           Brick
           three
           Shillings
           the
           Thousand
           ,
           Lime
           and
           Sand
           two
           Shillings
           the
           Thousand
           ;
           so
           Brick-laying
           ,
           Lime
           and
           Sand
           will
           be
           thirteen
           Shillings
           the
           Thousand
           ,
           one
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Tuns
           of
           Oak
           for
           Summers-Joists
           and
           Roof
           ,
           170
           l.
           Boards
           for
           the
           six
           Stories
           ,
           sixty
           thousand
           Foot
           ,
           at
           13
           s.
           4
           d.
           The
           one
           hundred
           Foot
           and
           ten
           thousand
           Foot
           for
           Window-Doors
           and
           Spouts
           at
           the
           same
           rate
           ,
           48
           l.
           Laths
           and
           Tiles
           100
           l.
           Carpenters
           work
           70
           l.
           Iron
           ,
           Nails
           ,
           and
           odd
           things
           60
           l.
           So
           the
           charge
           of
           a
           Granary
           will
           be
           800
           l.
           There
           will
           be
           kept
           in
           this
           Granary
           fourteen
           thousand
           Quarters
           of
           Corn
           ,
           which
           is
           two
           thousand
           Quarters
           in
           every
           Loft
           ,
           which
           will
           be
           a
           thousand
           Bushels
           in
           every
           Bay
           ;
           six
           labouring
           men
           ,
           with
           one
           Clerk
           ,
           will
           be
           sufficient
           to
           manage
           this
           Granary
           ,
           to
           turn
           and
           wind
           the
           Corn
           ,
           and
           keep
           the
           Books
           of
           Accounts
           ;
           fifteen
           pounds
           a
           piece
           allowed
           to
           the
           six
           men
           ,
           and
           thirty
           pound
           a
           year
           to
           the
           Clark
           or
           Register
           ,
           will
           be
           Wages
           sufficient
           ;
           so
           the
           Servants
           Wages
           will
           be
           120
           
             l.
             per
             annum
          
           ,
           allow
           ten
           in
           the
           hundred
           for
           Monies
           laid
           out
           for
           building
           the
           Granaries
           ,
           which
           is
           80
           l.
           so
           the
           charge
           will
           be
           yearly
           200
           l.
           Now
           if
           the
           Country-man
           pay
           six
           pence
           a
           Quarter
           yearly
           for
           keeping
           his
           Corn
           safe
           and
           sweet
           in
           the
           Granary
           ,
           fourteen
           thousand
           Quarters
           will
           come
           to
           350
           l.
           for
           Granary-Rent
           yearly
           .
        
         
         
           Admit
           I
           have
           a
           Propriety
           of
           Land
           in
           Pennsilvania
           or
           New-Jersey
           ,
           either
           place
           then
           alloweth
           me
           to
           take
           up
           five
           thousand
           Acres
           ,
           with
           Town
           or
           City-Lots
           ,
           upon
           condition
           that
           I
           settle
           ten
           Families
           on
           it
           ,
           therefore
           I
           send
           over
           ten
           Families
           of
           honest
           industrous
           People
           ,
           the
           charge
           of
           each
           Family
           is
           100
           l.
           as
           by
           the
           account
           of
           particulars
           appears
           ,
           as
           followeth
           .
        
         
           
             
               
                  
              
               
                 l.
                 
              
               
                 s.
                 
              
               
                 d.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 For
                 one
                 hundred
                 Acres
                 of
                 Land
                 ,
                 —
              
               
                 05
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 For
                 the
                 Passage
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 ,
                 five
                 persons
                 ,
                 —
              
               
                 25
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 For
                 fresh
                 provisions
                 to
                 use
                 on
                 Ship-board
                 ,
                 over
                 and
                 above
                 the
                 Ships
                 allowance
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Rice
                   ,
                   Oatmeal
                   ,
                   Flower
                   ,
                   Butter
                   ,
                   Sugar
                   ,
                   Brandy
                   ,
                
                 and
                 some
                 odd
                 things
                 more
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 leave
                 to
                 the
                 discretion
                 of
                 those
                 that
                 go
                 ,
                 —
              
               
                 05
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 For
                 3
                 hundred
                 weight
                 of
                 six
                 penny
                 ,
                 eight
                 penny
                 and
                 ten
                 penny
                 Nails
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 used
                 on
                 sides
                 and
                 Roof
                 of
                 the
                 House
                 ,
                 —
              
               
                 05
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 For
                 a
                 Share
                 and
                 Coulter
                 ,
                 a
                 Plow-Chain
                 ,
                 2
                 Sythes
                 ,
                 4
                 Sickles
                 ,
                 a
                 horse
                 Collar
                 ,
                 some
                 Cordage
                 for
                 Harness
                 ,
                 2
                 Stock
                 Locks
                 ,
                 2
                 weeding
                 Hoes
                 ,
                 2
                 grubbing
                 Hoes
                 ,
                 one
                 cross-cut
                 Saw
                 ,
                 2
                 Iron
                 Wedges
                 ,
                 1
                 Iron
                 Pot
                 ,
                 1
                 frying
                 Pan
                 ,
                 2
                 falling
                 Axes
                 ,
                 1
                 broad
                 Ax
                 ,
                 1
                 Spade
                 ,
                 1
                 Hatchet
                 ,
                 1
                 Fro
                 to
                 cleave
                 Clapboard
                 ,
                 Shingle
                 and
                 Coopers
                 Timber
                 ,
                 —
              
               
                 05
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 0
              
            
             
               
                 For
                 Portridge
                 ,
                 Custom-house
                 charge
                 and
                 ftraight
                 ,
                 &c.
                 on
                 the
                 goods
                 ,
                 —
              
               
                 02
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 For
                 Insurance
                 of
                 the
                 one
                 hundred
                 pound
              
               
                 03
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 In
                 all
              
               
                 50
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
          
        
         
           The
           remaining
           fifty
           Pounds
           may
           do
           well
           to
           lay
           out
           in
           these
           goods
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           most
           vendable
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           viz.
           
        
         
         
           
             
               
                  
              
               
                 l.
                 
              
               
                 s.
                 
              
               
                 d.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Ten
                 pieces
                 of
                 Serge
                 ,
                 at
              
               
                 20
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 Six
                 pieces
                 of
                 narrow
                 blow
                 Linnen
                 ,
                 containing
                 about
                 seven
                 hundred
                 Yards
                 ,
              
               
                 05
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 200
                 Ells
                 of
                 brown
                 Ossembrigs
                 ,
                 at
                 about
              
               
                 07
                 —
              
               
                 10
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 Half
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 three
                 quarters
                 Dowlis
                 ,
              
               
                 03
                 —
              
               
                 10
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 Three
                 pieces
                 of
                 coulered
                 Linnen
              
               
                 02
                 —
              
               
                 10
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 Two
                 pieces
                 of
                 Yorkshire
                 Kerseys
                 ,
              
               
                 04
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 piece
                 of
                 red
                 Peniston
                 ,
                 above
                 40
                 yards
                 ,
                 at
                 18
                 
                   d
                   ,
                   per
                   Yard
                
                 ,
                 —
              
               
                 03
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 piece
                 of
                 Demity
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 15
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 In
                 Buttons
                 and
                 Silk
                 ,
                 Tape
                 and
                 Thred
                 suitable
                 to
                 the
                 Clothes
                 ,
              
               
                 03
                 —
              
               
                 15
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 In
                 All
              
               
                 50
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
          
        
         
           And
           when
           you
           come
           into
           the
           Country
           ,
           you
           may
           lay
           out
           the
           above-mentioned
           goods
           to
           purchase
           a
           stock
           of
           Cattel
           and
           Provisions
           ,
           &c.
           which
           for
           goods
           at
           the
           first
           cost
           in
           England
           ,
           will
           buy
           at
           the
           prices
           under-mentioned
           ,
           viz.
           
        
         
           
             
               
                  
              
               
                 l.
                 
              
               
                 s.
                 
              
               
                 d.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 pair
                 of
                 working
                 Oxen
                 ,
                 at
              
               
                 60
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 Mare
                 3
                 l.
                 and
                 four
                 Cows
                 and
                 Calves
                 ,
                 12
                 l.
                 
              
               
                 15
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 Bull
                 2
                 l.
                 ten
                 Ewes
                 3
                 l.
                 10
                 s.
                 
              
               
                 05
                 —
              
               
                 10
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 Four
                 breeding
                 Sows
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 Boor
                 ,
              
               
                 04
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 fat
                 Ox
                 to
                 kill
                 for
                 winter
                 Provisions
                 ,
              
               
                 03
                 —
              
               
                 10
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 400
                 pound
                 of
                 Pork
                 ,
                 at
                 3
                 half
                 pence
                 
                   per
                   pound
                
                 ,
              
               
                 02
                 —
              
               
                 10
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 24
                 pound
                 of
                 Butter
                 ,
                 at
                 4
                 
                   d.
                   per
                   pound
                
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 08
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 Barrel
                 of
                 salted
                 Fish
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 10
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 One
                 Barrel
                 of
                 Malassas
                 to
                 make
                 Beer
                 ,
              
               
                 01
                 —
              
               
                 08
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 40
                 Bushels
                 of
                 Indian
                 Corn
                 ,
                 at
                 1
                 s.
                 8
                 
                   d.
                   per
                   Bushel
                
                 ,
              
               
                 03
                 —
              
               
                 06
                 —
              
               
                 08
              
            
             
               
                 20
                 Bushels
                 of
                 Rye
                 ,
                 at
                 2
                 
                   s.
                   per
                   Bushel
                
                 ,
              
               
                 02
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 20
                 Bushels
                 of
                 Wheat
                 ,
                 at
                 3
                 
                   s.
                   per
                   Bushel
                
                 ,
              
               
                 03
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 6
                 Bushels
                 of
                 Pease
                 and
                 Indian
                 Beans
                 ,
                 per
                 Bushel
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 08
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 2
                 Bushels
                 of
                 Salt
                 ,
                 at
                 2
                 
                   s.
                   per
                   Bushel
                
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 04
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 50
                 pound
                 of
                 Cheese
                 of
                 the
                 Country-making
                 ,
                 at
                 3
                 
                   d.
                   per
                   pound
                
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 12
                 —
              
               
                 06
              
            
             
               
                 12
                 pound
                 of
                 Candles
                 ,
                 at
                 5
                 
                   d.
                   per
                   pound
                
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 05
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
             
               
                 In
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 Spice
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 ,
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 17
                 —
              
               
                 10
              
            
             
               
                 In
                 All
              
               
                 50
                 —
              
               
                 00
                 —
              
               
                 00
              
            
          
        
         
         
           Note
           ,
           That
           the
           above-mentioned
           Prices
           is
           for
           goods
           at
           first
           cost
           in
           England
           ,
           which
           in
           Country
           Money
           would
           be
           something
           above
           one
           third
           higher
           ,
           viz.
           a
           Cow
           and
           Calf
           valued
           in
           goods
           at
           first
           cost
           at
           3
           l.
           is
           worth
           in
           Country
           Money
           5
           l.
           and
           other
           things
           advance
           much
           after
           the
           same
           proportion
           .
        
         
           My
           five
           thousand
           Acres
           of
           Land
           cost
           me
           100
           l.
           I
           had
           of
           the
           ten
           Families
           for
           the
           one
           thousand
           Acres
           disposed
           of
           to
           them
           50
           l.
           my
           Town
           or
           City
           Lots
           will
           yield
           me
           currant
           50
           l.
           by
           which
           it
           appears
           I
           am
           nothing
           out
           on
           the
           four
           thousand
           Acres
           that
           is
           left
           .
        
         
           I
           get
           my
           five
           thousand
           Acres
           surveyed
           and
           laid
           out
           to
           me
           ,
           out
           of
           which
           I
           lay
           out
           for
           the
           ten
           Families
           one
           thousand
           Acres
           ,
           which
           may
           be
           so
           divided
           ,
           as
           that
           each
           family
           may
           live
           near
           one
           to
           the
           other
           ;
           I
           intend
           with
           them
           to
           let
           the
           Money
           lie
           in
           their
           hands
           six
           years
           ,
           for
           which
           they
           to
           pay
           me
           each
           family
           ,
           8
           l
           a
           year
           ,
           in
           consideration
           of
           the
           one
           hundred
           pound
           a
           family
           laid
           out
           for
           them
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           expiration
           of
           the
           six
           years
           ,
           they
           to
           pay
           me
           my
           1000
           l.
           viz.
           each
           family
           100
           l.
           as
           by
           agreement
           ;
           my
           Money
           being
           paid
           me
           ,
           I
           am
           unwilling
           to
           let
           it
           lie
           dead
           ,
           therefore
           I
           lay
           out
           in
           the
           middle
           of
           my
           Land
           one
           thousand
           Acres
           ,
           which
           I
           divide
           into
           ten
           lots
           ,
           in
           form
           and
           manner
           as
           ▪
           before
           then
           I
           intend
           ,
           with
           fifty
           Servants
           to
           serve
           me
           four
           years
           a
           piece
           ,
           I
           place
           them
           on
           the
           Land
           ,
           viz.
           five
           on
           each
           lot
           .
           Their
           Passage
           ,
           and
           in
           goods
           to
           purchase
           Cattel
           and
           Provisions
           ,
           &c.
           is
           to
           each
           five
           servants
           100
           l.
           as
           before
           is
           explained
           :
           Now
           I
           order
           a
           House
           to
           be
           built
           ,
           and
           Orchards
           ,
           Gardens
           and
           Inclosures
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           and
           Husbandry
           affairs
           to
           be
           carried
           on
           on
           each
           lot
           ;
           so
           that
           at
           the
           four
           years
           end
           as
           the
           servants
           time
           is
           expired
           ,
           I
           shall
           have
           ten
           Farms
           ,
           each
           containing
           four
           hundred
           Acres
           ;
           for
           the
           one
           thousand
           Acres
           being
           laid
           out
           in
           the
           middle
           of
           my
           Land
           ,
           the
           remaining
           three
           thousand
           Acres
           joyns
           to
           it
           .
        
         
         
           My
           servants
           time
           being
           expired
           ,
           I
           am
           willing
           to
           see
           what
           charge
           I
           am
           out
           upon
           these
           ten
           Farms
           and
           Stock
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           know
           what
           I
           have
           gain'd
           in
           the
           ten
           years
           past
           ,
           over
           and
           above
           8
           
             l.
             per
             Cent.
             Interest
          
           ,
           that
           is
           allowed
           me
           for
           the
           use
           of
           my
           Money
           :
           I
           am
           out
           by
           the
           first
           charge
           1000
           l.
           &
           the
           Interest
           thereof
           for
           four
           years
           ,
           at
           8
           
             l.
             per
             Cent.
          
           is
           for
           the
           four
           years
           320
           l.
           so
           that
           the
           whole
           charge
           on
           the
           ten
           Farms
           ,
           Principal
           &
           Interest
           ,
           comes
           to
           1300
           l.
           Now
           if
           I
           value
           my
           ten
           Farms
           but
           at
           400
           l.
           each
           ,
           which
           is
           20
           
             s.
             per
             Acre
          
           ,
           one
           with
           another
           ;
           then
           the
           whole
           will
           be
           4000
           l.
           besides
           the
           first
           Stock
           of
           Cattel
           and
           Hogs
           ,
           &c
           to
           each
           Plantation
           ,
           with
           its
           Increase
           for
           four
           years
           ,
           which
           Stock
           cost
           at
           first
           to
           each
           Farm
           30
           l.
           in
           goods
           at
           first
           cost
           ,
           but
           is
           worth
           40
           l.
           sterling
           ,
           at
           which
           rate
           the
           Stock
           on
           the
           ten
           Farms
           cost
           400
           l.
           and
           if
           we
           account
           the
           four
           years
           Increase
           to
           be
           no
           more
           than
           the
           first
           Stock
           ,
           yet
           that
           is
           400
           l.
           by
           which
           it
           appears
           that
           the
           ten
           Farms
           ,
           and
           the
           stock
           on
           them
           is
           worth
           4800
           l.
           out
           of
           which
           deduct
           the
           Money
           laid
           out
           ,
           which
           with
           Interest
           is
           1320
           l.
           So
           the
           the
           Neat
           profit
           ,
           besides
           8
           
             l.
             per
             Cent.
          
           allowed
           for
           Interest
           ,
           is
           for
           this
           ten
           years
           improvement
           ,
           3480
           l.
           and
           twenty
           Families
           set
           at
           liberty
           from
           that
           extream
           Slavery
           that
           attended
           them
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           great
           Poverty
           that
           they
           endured
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           must
           have
           so
           continued
           ,
           had
           not
           they
           been
           thus
           redeemed
           by
           coming
           into
           America
           .
           It
           may
           be
           thought
           that
           this
           is
           too
           great
           an
           undertaking
           for
           one
           man
           ,
           which
           if
           it
           be
           ,
           then
           I
           propose
           that
           ten
           joyn
           together
           in
           this
           community
           ,
           and
           each
           man
           send
           over
           five
           Servants
           ,
           of
           which
           let
           one
           of
           them
           be
           an
           honest
           man
           that
           understands
           Country
           business
           ,
           as
           an
           Overseer
           ,
           which
           if
           we
           allow
           him
           over
           and
           above
           his
           Passage
           and
           Diet
           20
           l.
           a
           year
           for
           his
           four
           years
           service
           ,
           this
           amounts
           to
           80
           l.
           which
           is
           for
           the
           ten
           farms
           800
           l.
           which
           being
           deducted
           out
           of
           the
           3480
           l.
           there
           only
           remains
           2680
           l.
           clear
           profit
           to
           the
           ten
           men
           ,
           which
           is
           for
           each
           man
           268
           l.
           for
           his
           ten
           years
           improvement
           of
           his
           100
           l.
           and
           his
           100
           l.
           back
           
           again
           with
           Interest
           for
           all
           the
           time
           at
           8
           
             l
             per
             Cent.
             per
             annum
          
           ,
           the
           whole
           producing
           448
           l.
           for
           his
           100
           l.
           first
           laid
           out
           .
        
         
           
             Some
             may
             object
             ,
             and
             say
             ,
          
           They
           cannot
           believe
           the
           Land
           of
           each
           farm
           ,
           with
           its
           Improvements
           ,
           will
           sell
           at
           20
           s.
           an
           Acre
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           at
           twelve
           years
           purchase
           1
           s.
           8
           
             d.
             per
             Acre
             per
             annum
          
           .
           because
           three
           hundred
           Acres
           of
           it
           is
           as
           it
           was
           ,
           viz.
           Rough
           Woods
           .
        
         
           
             I
             Answer
          
           ;
           That
           although
           it
           be
           so
           ,
           yet
           these
           Woods
           are
           made
           valuable
           by
           the
           twenty
           Families
           that
           are
           seated
           near
           them
           ,
           the
           first
           ten
           families
           having
           been
           settled
           ten
           years
           ,
           the
           last
           four
           years
           ;
           for
           some
           are
           willing
           to
           have
           their
           Children
           live
           near
           them
           ;
           and
           and
           they
           having
           but
           one
           hundred
           Acres
           in
           all
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           be
           will
           to
           divide
           that
           ,
           therefore
           they
           will
           give
           a
           good
           price
           for
           one
           hundred
           Acres
           ,
           to
           settle
           a
           Child
           upon
           ,
           to
           live
           by
           them
           ,
           as
           experience
           sheweth
           ;
           for
           in
           Rhode-Island
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           far
           from
           us
           ,
           Land
           rough
           in
           the
           Woods
           ,
           not
           better
           than
           ours
           ,
           will
           sell
           at
           40
           s.
           an
           Acre
           ,
           which
           is
           3
           s.
           4
           
             d
             per
             Acre
             per
             annum
          
           .
           Therefore
           ,
           Reader
           ,
           I
           hope
           now
           thou
           art
           convinced
           that
           there
           is
           a
           probability
           that
           what
           I
           here
           inform
           thee
           of
           ,
           will
           prove
           true
           ,
           casualties
           of
           Fire
           ,
           &c.
           excepted
           .
        
         
           The
           Indians
           are
           but
           few
           in
           Number
           ,
           and
           have
           been
           very
           serviceable
           to
           us
           by
           selling
           us
           Venison
           ,
           Indian
           Corn
           ,
           Pease
           and
           Beans
           ,
           Fish
           and
           Fowl
           ,
           Buck
           Skins
           ,
           
             Beaver
             ,
             Otter
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Skins
           and
           Furs
           ;
           the
           Men
           hunt
           ,
           Fish
           and
           Fowl
           ,
           and
           the
           Women
           plant
           the
           Corn
           ,
           and
           carry
           Burthens
           ;
           they
           are
           many
           of
           them
           of
           a
           good
           Understanding
           ,
           considering
           their
           Education
           ;
           and
           in
           their
           publick
           Meetings
           of
           Business
           ,
           they
           have
           excellent
           Order
           ,
           one
           speaking
           after
           another
           ,
           and
           while
           one
           is
           speaking
           all
           the
           rest
           keep
           silent
           ,
           and
           do
           not
           so
           much
           as
           whisper
           one
           to
           the
           other
           :
           We
           had
           several
           Meetings
           with
           them
           ,
           one
           was
           in
           order
           to
           put
           down
           the
           sale
           of
           
             Rum
             ,
             Brandy
          
           ,
           and
           other
           strong
           Liquors
           to
           them
           ,
           they
           being
           a
           People
           that
           have
           not
           Government
           of
           themselves
           ,
           so
           as
           to
           drink
           it
           in
           moderation
           ,
           
           at
           which
           time
           there
           were
           eight
           Kings
           ,
           (
           &
           many
           other
           Indians
           )
           one
           of
           the
           was
           Ockanickon
           ,
           whose
           dying
           Words
           I
           writ
           from
           his
           Mouth
           ,
           which
           you
           shall
           have
           in
           its
           order
           .
        
         
           The
           Indian
           
             Kings
             sate
             on
             a
             Form
             ,
             and
             we
             sate
             on
             another
             over
             against
             them
             ;
             they
             had
             prepared
             four
             Belts
             of
          
           Wampum
           ,
           
             (
             so
             their
             current
             Money
             is
             called
             ,
             being
             Black
             and
             White
          
           Beads
           
             made
             of
             a
             Fish
             Shell
             )
             to
             give
             us
             as
             Seals
             of
             the
             Covenant
             they
             made
             with
             us
             ;
             one
             of
             the
             Kings
             by
             the
             consent
             and
             appointment
             of
             the
             rest
             stood
             up
             and
             made
             this
             following
             Speech
          
           ;
           The
           strong
           Liquors
           was
           first
           sold
           us
           by
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           and
           they
           were
           blind
           ,
           they
           had
           no
           Eyes
           ,
           they
           did
           not
           see
           that
           it
           was
           for
           our
           hurt
           ;
           and
           the
           next
           People
           that
           came
           amongst
           us
           ,
           were
           the
           Sweeds
           ,
           who
           continued
           the
           sale
           of
           those
           strong
           Liquors
           to
           us
           :
           they
           were
           also
           Blind
           ,
           they
           had
           no
           Eyes
           ,
           they
           did
           not
           see
           it
           to
           be
           hurtful
           to
           us
           to
           drink
           it
           ,
           although
           we
           know
           it
           to
           be
           hurtful
           to
           us
           ;
           but
           if
           People
           will
           sell
           it
           us
           ,
           we
           are
           so
           in
           love
           with
           it
           ,
           that
           we
           cannot
           forbear
           it
           ;
           when
           we
           drink
           it
           ,
           it
           makes
           us
           mad
           ;
           we
           do
           not
           know
           what
           we
           do
           ,
           we
           then
           abuse
           one
           another
           ;
           we
           throw
           each
           other
           into
           the
           Fire
           ,
           seven
           Score
           of
           our
           People
           have
           been
           killed
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           drinking
           of
           it
           ,
           since
           the
           time
           it
           was
           first
           sold
           us
           :
           Those
           People
           that
           sell
           it
           ,
           they
           are
           blind
           ,
           they
           have
           no
           Eyes
           ,
           but
           now
           there
           is
           a
           People
           come
           to
           live
           amongst
           us
           ,
           that
           have
           Eyes
           ,
           they
           see
           it
           to
           be
           for
           our
           Hurt
           ,
           and
           we
           know
           it
           to
           be
           for
           our
           Hurt
           :
           They
           are
           willing
           to
           deny
           themselves
           of
           the
           Profit
           of
           it
           for
           our
           good
           ;
           these
           People
           have
           Eyes
           ;
           we
           are
           glad
           such
           a
           People
           are
           come
           amongst
           us
           .
           We
           must
           put
           it
           down
           by
           mutual
           consent
           ;
           the
           Cask
           must
           be
           sealed
           up
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           made
           fast
           ,
           it
           must
           not
           leak
           by
           Day
           nor
           by
           Night
           ,
           in
           the
           Light
           ,
           nor
           in
           the
           Dark
           ,
           and
           we
           give
           you
           these
           four
           Belts
           of
           Wampam
           ,
           which
           we
           would
           have
           you
           lay
           up
           safe
           ,
           and
           keep
           by
           you
           to
           be
           Witness
           of
           this
           Agreement
           that
           we
           make
           with
           you
           ,
           and
           we
           would
           have
           you
           tell
           your
           Children
           ,
           that
           these
           four
           Belts
           of
           Wampam
           are
           given
           you
           to
           be
           Witness
           bet
           wixt
           us
           and
           you
           of
           this
           Agreement
           .
        
         
           
             
             
               A
               Letter
               from
               New-Jersey
               in
               America
               to
               a
               Friend
               in
               London
               .
            
             
               
                 Dear
                 Friend
                 ;
              
            
             
               I
               Having
               this
               short
               opportunity
               ,
               have
               nothing
               to
               present
               thee
               with
               ,
               but
               the
               Dying-Words
               of
               an
               Indian
               King
               ,
               who
               died
               in
               Burlington
               ,
               and
               was
               buried
               amongst
               Friends
               according
               to
               his
               desire
               ;
               and
               at
               his
               Burial
               many
               Tears
               were
               shed
               both
               by
               the
               Innians
               and
               English
               ;
               so
               in
               Love
               ,
               and
               great
               haste
               ,
               I
               rest
            
             
               
                 thy
                 Friend
                 ,
                 John
                 Cripps
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             Dying-Words
             of
             Ockanichon
             ,
             spoken
             to
             Jachkursoe
             ,
             whom
             he
             appointed
             King
             after
             him
             ,
             spoken
             in
             the
             Presence
             of
             several
             ,
             who
             were
             Eye
             and
             Ear
             Witnesses
             of
             the
             Truth
             thereof
             .
          
           
             IT
             was
             my
             desire
             ,
             that
             my
             Brother's
             Son
             ,
             Jahkursoe
             should
             be
             sent
             for
             to
             come
             to
             me
             to
             hear
             my
             last
             Words
             ,
             whom
             I
             have
             appointed
             King
             after
             me
             .
             My
             Brother's
             Son
             ,
             this
             day
             I
             deliver
             my
             Heart
             into
             thy
             Bosom
             ,
             and
             would
             have
             thee
             love
             that
             which
             is
             Good
             ,
             and
             to
             keep
             good
             Company
             ,
             and
             to
             refuse
             that
             which
             is
             Evil
             ;
             and
             to
             avoid
             bad
             Company
             .
             Now
             inasmuch
             as
             I
             have
             delivered
             my
             Heart
             into
             thy
             Bosom
             I
             also
             deliver
             my
             Bosom
             to
             keep
             my
             Heart
             therein
             ;
             therefore
             alwayes
             be
             sure
             to
             walk
             in
             a
             good
             Path
             ,
             and
             never
             depart
             out
             of
             it
             .
             And
             if
             any
             Indians
             should
             speak
             any
             evil
             of
             Indians
             or
             Christians
             ,
             do
             not
             joyn
             with
             it
             ,
             but
             to
             look
             to
             that
             which
             is
             Good
             ,
             and
             to
             joyn
             with
             the
             same
             alwayes
             .
             Look
             at
             the
             Sun
             from
             the
             Rising
             of
             it
             to
             the
             Setting
             of
             the
             same
             .
             In
             Speeches
             that
             shall
             be
             made
             between
             the
             Indians
             and
             Christians
             ,
             if
             any
             thing
             be
             spoke
             that
             is
             evil
             ,
             do
             not
             joyn
             with
             that
             ,
             but
             joyn
             with
             that
             which
             is
             good
             ;
             and
             when
             Speeches
             are
             made
             ,
             do
             not
             thou
             speak
             first
             ,
             but
             let
             all
             speak
             before
             thee
             ,
             
             and
             take
             good
             notice
             what
             each
             man
             speaks
             ,
             and
             when
             thou
             hast
             heard
             all
             ,
             joyn
             to
             that
             which
             is
             good
             .
             Brother's
             Son
             ,
             I
             would
             have
             thee
             to
             cleanse
             thy
             Ears
             ,
             and
             take
             all
             Darkness
             and
             Foulness
             out
             ,
             that
             thou
             mayst
             take
             notice
             of
             that
             which
             is
             Good
             and
             Evil
             ,
             and
             then
             to
             joyn
             with
             that
             which
             is
             Good
             ,
             and
             refuse
             the
             Evil
             ;
             and
             also
             to
             cleanse
             thy
             Eyes
             ,
             that
             thou
             mayest
             see
             both
             Good
             and
             Evil
             ;
             and
             if
             thou
             see
             and
             Evil
             ,
             do
             not
             joyn
             with
             it
             ,
             but
             joyn
             to
             that
             which
             is
             Good.
             Brother's
             Son
             ,
             Thou
             hast
             heard
             all
             that
             is
             past
             ;
             now
             I
             would
             have
             thee
             to
             stand
             up
             in
             time
             of
             Speeches
             ,
             and
             to
             stand
             in
             my
             Steps
             ,
             and
             follow
             my
             Speeches
             as
             I
             have
             said
             before
             thee
             ,
             then
             what
             thou
             dost
             desire
             in
             Reason
             will
             be
             granted
             thee
             .
             Why
             shouldst
             thou
             not
             follow
             my
             Example
             ,
             inasmuch
             as
             I
             have
             had
             a
             mind
             to
             do
             that
             which
             is
             Good
             ,
             and
             therefore
             do
             thou
             also
             the
             same
             ?
             Whereas
             Sehoppy
             and
             Swanpis
             were
             appointed
             Kings
             by
             me
             in
             my
             stead
             ,
             and
             I
             understanding
             by
             my
             Doctor
             ,
             that
             Sehoppy
             secretly
             advised
             him
             not
             to
             cure
             me
             ,
             and
             they
             both
             being
             with
             me
             at
             
               John
               Hollinshead's
            
             House
             ,
             there
             I
             my self
             see
             by
             them
             that
             they
             were
             given
             more
             to
             Drink
             ,
             than
             to
             take
             notice
             of
             my
             
               last
               Words
            
             ,
             for
             I
             had
             a
             mind
             to
             make
             a
             Speech
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             my
             Breathren
             the
             
               English
               Commissioners
            
             ,
             therefore
             I
             refused
             them
             to
             be
             Kings
             after
             me
             in
             my
             stead
             ,
             and
             have
             chosen
             my
             Brother's
             Son
             Jahkurosoe
             in
             their
             stead
             to
             succeed
             me
             .
          
           
             Brother's
             Son
             ,
             I
             desire
             thee
             to
             be
             plain
             and
             fair
             with
             all
             ,
             both
             Indians
             and
             Christians
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             been
             .
             I
             am
             very
             weak
             ,
             otherwise
             I
             would
             have
             spoken
             more
             ;
             and
             in
             Testimony
             of
             the
             Truth
             of
             this
             ,
             I
             have
             hereunto
             set
             my
             Hand
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Mark
               ʒ
               of
               Ockanickon
               ,
               King
               ,
               now
               deceased
               .
               Henry
               Jacob
               ●akkinbery
               ,
               Intrepreter
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Friendly
             Reader
             ,
             when
             Ockanickon
             
               had
               given
               his
               Brothers
               Son
               this
               good
               Consel
               ,
               I
               thought
               meet
               to
               speak
               unto
               him
               as
               followeth
            
             ;
             There
             is
             a
             great
             God
             ,
             who
             Created
             all
             thing
             ,
             and
             this
             God
             giveth
             Man
             an
             understanding
             of
             what
             is
             Good
             ,
             and
             what
             is
             Bad
             ,
             and
             after
             this
             Life
             rewardeth
             the
             Good
             with
             Blessings
             ,
             and
             the
             Bad
             according
             to
             their
             Doings
             ;
             
               to
               which
               he
               answered
               and
               said
               ,
            
             It
             is
             very
             true
             ,
             it
             is
             so
             ,
             there
             are
             two
             Wayes
             ,
             a
             broad
             Way
             ,
             and
             a
             strait
             Way
             ;
             there
             be
             two
             Paths
             ,
             a
             broad
             Path
             and
             a
             strait
             Path
             ;
             the
             worst
             ,
             and
             the
             greatest
             Number
             go
             in
             the
             broad
             Path
             ,
             the
             best
             and
             fewest
             go
             in
             the
             strait
             Path.
             
          
           
             
               T.
               B.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             Something
             in
             Relation
             to
             a
             Conference
             had
             with
             the
             Indians
             at
             Burlington
             ,
             shortly
             after
             we
             came
             into
             the
             Country
             .
          
           
             THe
             Indians
             told
             us
             ,
             they
             were
             advised
             to
             make
             War
             on
             us
             ,
             and
             cut
             us
             off
             whilst
             we
             were
             but
             few
             ,
             and
             said
             ,
             They
             were
             told
             ,
             that
             we
             sold
             them
             the
             Small-Pox
             ,
             with
             the
             Mach
             Coat
             they
             had
             bought
             of
             us
             ,
             which
             caused
             our
             People
             to
             be
             in
             Fears
             and
             Jealousies
             concerning
             them
             ;
             therefore
             we
             sent
             for
             the
             Indian
             Kings
             ,
             to
             speak
             with
             them
             ,
             who
             with
             many
             more
             Indians
             ,
             came
             to
             Burlington
             ,
             where
             we
             had
             Conference
             with
             them
             about
             the
             matter
             ,
             therefore
             told
             them
             ,
             That
             we
             came
             amongst
             them
             by
             their
             own
             consent
             ,
             and
             had
             bought
             the
             Land
             of
             them
             ,
             for
             which
             we
             had
             honestly
             paid
             them
             for
             ,
             and
             for
             vvhat
             Commodities
             vve
             had
             bought
             at
             any
             time
             of
             them
             ,
             vve
             had
             paid
             them
             for
             ,
             and
             had
             been
             just
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             had
             been
             from
             the
             time
             of
             our
             first
             coming
             very
             kind
             and
             respectful
             to
             them
             ,
             therefore
             vve
             knevv
             no
             Reason
             that
             they
             had
             to
             make
             War
             on
             us
             ;
             to
             vvhich
             one
             of
             them
             ,
             in
             the
             behalf
             of
             the
             rest
             ,
             made
             this
             follovving
             Speech
             in
             ansvver
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               Our
               Young
               Men
               may
               speak
               such
               Words
               as
               vve
               do
               
               not
               like
               ,
               nor
               approve
               of
               ,
               and
               vve
               cannot
               help
               that
               :
               And
               some
               of
               your
               Young
               Men
               may
               speak
               such
               Words
               as
               you
               do
               not
               like
               ,
               and
               you
               cannot
               help
               that
               .
               We
               are
               your
               Brothers
               ,
               and
               intend
               to
               live
               like
               Brothers
               with
               you
               :
               We
               have
               no
               mind
               to
               have
               War
               ,
               for
               when
               vve
               have
               War
               ,
               vve
               are
               only
               Skin
               and
               Bones
               ;
               the
               Meat
               that
               vve
               eat
               doth
               not
               do
               us
               good
               ,
               vve
               alvvayes
               are
               in
               fear
               ,
               vve
               have
               not
               the
               benefit
               of
               the
               Sun
               to
               shine
               on
               us
               ,
               vve
               hide
               us
               in
               Holes
               and
               Corners
               ;
               vve
               are
               minded
               to
               live
               at
               Peace
               :
               If
               vve
               intend
               at
               any
               time
               to
               make
               War
               upon
               you
               ,
               vve
               vvill
               let
               you
               knovv
               of
               it
               ,
               and
               the
               Reasons
               vvhy
               vve
               make
               War
               vvith
               you
               ;
               and
               if
               you
               make
               us
               satisfaction
               for
               the
               Injury
               done
               us
               ,
               for
               vvhich
               the
               War
               is
               intended
               ,
               then
               vve
               vvill
               not
               make
               War
               on
               you
               .
               And
               if
               you
               intend
               at
               any
               time
               to
               make
               War
               on
               us
               ,
               vve
               vvould
               have
               you
               let
               us
               knovv
               of
               it
               ,
               and
               the
               Reasons
               for
               vvhich
               you
               make
               VVar
               on
               us
               ,
               and
               then
               if
               vve
               do
               not
               make
               satisfaction
               for
               the
               Injury
               done
               unto
               you
               ,
               then
               you
               may
               make
               VVar
               on
               us
               ,
               othervvise
               you
               ought
               not
               to
               do
               it
               .
               You
               are
               our
               Brothers
               ,
               and
               vve
               are
               vvilling
               to
               live
               like
               Brothers
               vvith
               you
               :
               We
               are
               willing
               to
               have
               a
               
                 broad
                 Path
              
               for
               you
               and
               us
               to
               walk
               in
               ,
               and
               if
               an
               Indian
               is
               asleep
               in
               this
               Path
               ,
               the
               
               English-man
               is
               asleep
               in
               this
               path
               ,
               the
               Indian
               shall
               pass
               him
               by
               ,
               and
               say
               ,
               
                 He
                 is
                 an
                 English-man
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 asleep
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 alone
                 ,
                 he
                 loves
                 to
                 Sleep
                 .
              
               It
               shall
               be
               a
               
                 plain
                 Path
              
               ,
               there
               must
               not
               be
               in
               this
               path
               a
               stump
               to
               hurt
               our
               feet
               .
               And
               as
               to
               the
               Small-Pox
               ,
               it
               was
               once
               in
               my
               Grandfathers
               time
               ,
               and
               it
               could
               not
               be
               the
               English
               that
               could
               send
               it
               us
               then
               ,
               there
               being
               no
               Engliish
               in
               the
               Country
               ,
               and
               it
               was
               once
               in
               my
               Fathers
               time
               ,
               they
               could
               not
               send
               it
               us
               then
               neither
               ;
               and
               now
               it
               is
               in
               my
               time
               ,
               I
               do
               not
               believe
               that
               they
               have
               sent
               it
               us
               now
               :
               I
               do
               believe
               it
               is
               the
               Man
               above
               that
               hath
               sent
               it
               us
               .
            
          
           
           
             Some
             are
             apt
             to
             ask
             ,
             How
             we
             can
             propose
             safely
             to
             live
             amongst
             such
             a
             Heathen
             Poople
             as
             the
             Indians
             ,
             whose
             Principles
             and
             Practices
             leads
             them
             to
             War
             and
             Bloodshed
             and
             our
             Principles
             and
             Practices
             leading
             us
             to
             love
             Enemies
             ,
             and
             if
             reviled
             ,
             not
             to
             revile
             again
             ;
             and
             if
             smitten
             on
             the
             one
             cheek
             to
             turn
             the
             other
             ,
             and
             we
             being
             a
             peaceable
             People
             ,
             whose
             Principles
             and
             Practices
             are
             against
             Wars
             and
             Fightings
             ?
          
           
             
               I
               Answer
            
             :
             That
             we
             settled
             by
             the
             Indians
             consent
             and
             good
             liking
             ,
             and
             bought
             the
             Land
             of
             them
             ,
             that
             we
             〈…〉
             ,
             which
             they
             conveyed
             to
             us
             by
             Deed
             under
             their
             Hands
             and
             Seals
             ,
             and
             also
             submitted
             to
             several
             Articles
             of
             agreement
             with
             us
             ,
             viz.
             
               Not
               to
               do
               us
               any
               Injury
            
             ;
             but
             if
             it
             should
             so
             happen
             ,
             that
             any
             of
             their
             People
             at
             any
             time
             should
             injure
             or
             do
             harm
             to
             any
             of
             us
             ,
             then
             they
             to
             make
             us
             satisfaction
             for
             the
             Injury
             done
             ;
             therefore
             if
             they
             break
             these
             Covenants
             and
             Agreements
             ,
             then
             they
             may
             be
             proceeded
             against
             as
             other
             Offendors
             ,
             viz.
             to
             be
             kept
             in
             subjection
             to
             the
             Magistrates
             Power
             ,
             in
             whose
             hand
             the
             Sword
             of
             Justice
             is
             committed
             to
             be
             used
             by
             him
             ,
             for
             the
             punishment
             of
             Evil-doers
             ,
             and
             praise
             of
             them
             that
             do
             well
             ;
             therefore
             I
             do
             believe
             it
             to
             be
             both
             lawful
             and
             expedient
             to
             bring
             Offendors
             to
             Justice
             by
             the
             power
             of
             the
             Magistrates
             Sword
             ,
             which
             is
             not
             to
             be
             used
             in
             vain
             ,
             but
             may
             be
             used
             against
             such
             as
             raise
             Rebellions
             and
             Insurrections
             against
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Country
             ,
             be
             they
             Indians
             or
             others
             ,
             otherwise
             it
             is
             in
             vain
             for
             us
             to
             pretend
             to
             Magistracy
             or
             Government
             ,
             it
             being
             that
             which
             we
             own
             to
             be
             lawful
             both
             in
             Principle
             and
             Practice
             .
          
           
             Q.
             Whether
             there
             be
             no
             Bears
             ,
             Wolves
             ,
             and
             other
             Ravenous
             Beasts
             in
             the
             Country
             ?
          
           
             
               I
               Answer
            
             :
             Yes
             .
             But
             I
             have
             travell'd
             alone
             in
             the
             Country
             some
             hundreds
             of
             Miles
             ,
             and
             by
             missing
             of
             my
             way
             have
             lain
             in
             the
             Woods
             all
             night
             ,
             and
             yet
             I
             never
             saw
             any
             of
             those
             Creatures
             ,
             nor
             have
             I
             heard
             that
             ever
             man
             ,
             woman
             or
             child
             were
             
             hurt
             by
             them
             ,
             they
             being
             afraid
             of
             Mankind
             ;
             also
             ,
             encouragement
             is
             given
             to
             both
             Indians
             and
             others
             to
             kill
             Wolves
             ,
             they
             being
             paid
             for
             every
             Wolfs
             head
             that
             they
             bring
             to
             the
             Magistrate
             ,
             the
             value
             of
             ten
             Shillings
             ;
             and
             the
             Bears
             the
             Indians
             kill
             for
             the
             profit
             of
             their
             Skins
             ,
             and
             sake
             of
             their
             Flesh
             ,
             which
             they
             eat
             ,
             and
             esteem
             better
             than
             Deers
             flesh
             .
          
           
             Q.
             Whether
             there
             be
             〈…〉
             Snakes
             ,
             more
             especially
             the
             Rattle-Snake
             ?
          
           
             Ans
             .
             Yes
             ,
             but
             not
             many
             Rattle-Snakes
             ,
             and
             they
             are
             easily
             discovered
             ;
             for
             they
             commonly
             lie
             in
             the
             Paths
             for
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             Sun
             ,
             &
             if
             any
             Person
             draws
             nigh
             them
             ,
             they
             shake
             their
             Tail
             ,
             on
             which
             the
             Rattles
             grow
             ,
             which
             make
             a
             noise
             like
             a
             childs
             Rattle
             ;
             I
             never
             heard
             of
             but
             one
             Person
             bitten
             in
             Pennsilvania
             or
             New-Jersey
             with
             the
             Rattle-Snake
             ,
             and
             he
             was
             helpt
             of
             it
             by
             live
             Chickens
             slit
             assunder
             and
             apply'd
             to
             the
             place
             ,
             which
             drew
             out
             the
             Poyson
             ;
             and
             as
             to
             the
             other
             Snake
             ,
             the
             most
             plentiful
             is
             a
             black
             Snake
             ,
             its
             bite
             ,
             't
             is
             said
             ,
             does
             no
             more
             harm
             than
             the
             prick
             of
             a
             Pin.
             
          
           
             I
             have
             mentioned
             before
             ,
             that
             there
             are
             a
             sort
             of
             troublesom
             Flies
             call'd
             Musketoes
             (
             much
             like
             the
             Gnats
             in
             England
             )
             in
             the
             lower
             parts
             of
             the
             Country
             ,
             where
             the
             great
             Marshes
             are
             ,
             but
             in
             the
             upper
             parts
             of
             the
             Country
             seldom
             one
             is
             seen
             .
          
           
             There
             are
             Crows
             and
             Black-birds
             which
             may
             be
             accounted
             ▪
             amongst
             the
             inconveniences
             ,
             they
             being
             destructive
             to
             the
             
               Indian
               Corn
            
             ,
             the
             Crows
             by
             picking
             up
             the
             Corn
             just
             as
             its
             appearing
             in
             the
             〈…〉
             above
             ground
             ,
             and
             the
             Black-birds
             by
             eating
             ,
             it
             in
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             if
             not
             prevented
             by
             looking
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             seldom
             hurt
             .
          
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             Persons
             will
             sit
             do
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             build
             ;
             for
             they
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             Summer
             ,
             but
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             ;
             for
             those
             that
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             Corn
             ,
             Cattel
             ,
             
             and
             other
             things
             at
             the
             prices
             mentioned
             ,
             and
             may
             have
             Houses
             in
             some
             of
             the
             Towns
             of
             Pennsilvania
             and
             New-Jesey
             on
             Rent
             ,
             until
             they
             build
             for
             themselves
             ,
             and
             Water-Mills
             to
             grind
             their
             Corn
             ,
             which
             are
             such
             conveniences
             that
             we
             that
             went
             first
             partly
             missed
             of
             .
          
           
             Thus
             ,
             
               Kind
               Reader
            
             ,
             I
             have
             given
             a
             true
             Description
             of
             Pennsilvania
             and
             New-Jersey
             ,
             with
             the
             Rivers
             and
             
               Springs
               Fish
            
             and
             
               Fowle
               ,
               Beasts
               ,
               Fruits
               ,
               Plants
               ,
               Corn
            
             and
             Commodities
             that
             it
             doth
             or
             may
             produce
             ,
             with
             several
             other
             things
             needful
             for
             thee
             to
             know
             ,
             as
             vvell
             Inconveniences
             as
             Conveniences
             ,
             by
             vvhich
             I
             keep
             clear
             of
             that
             just
             Reflection
             of
             such
             as
             are
             more
             apt
             to
             see
             faults
             in
             others
             ,
             than
             to
             amend
             them
             in
             themselves
             .
          
           
             
               T.
               B.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             WHereas
             I
             unadvisedly
             published
             in
             Print
             a
             Paper
             ,
             dated
             the
             13th
             of
             July
             ,
             1685.
             entituled
             ,
             
               A
               true
               and
               perfect
               Account
               of
               the
               disposal
               of
               the
               one
               hundred
               Shares
               or
               Proprieties
               of
               the
               Province
               of
               West
            
             New-Jersey
             ,
             by
             Edward
             Bylling
             :
             In
             which
             Paper
             I
             gave
             an
             Account
             of
             the
             purchasers
             Names
             ,
             and
             the
             several
             Proprieties
             granted
             to
             them
             ,
             part
             of
             which
             I
             took
             from
             the
             Register
             ,
             the
             remainder
             from
             a
             List
             given
             in
             by
             
               Edward
               Bylling
            
             ,
             to
             the
             Proprioters
             ,
             as
             mentioned
             on
             the
             said
             Paper
             ,
             which
             Paper
             I
             find
             hath
             proved
             Injurious
             to
             the
             aforesaid
             
               Edward
               Bylling
            
             ,
             although
             not
             so
             intended
             by
             me
             .
             Therefore
             in
             order
             to
             give
             him
             Satisfaction
             ,
             and
             all
             others
             that
             are
             concerned
             ,
             I
             do
             acknowledge
             he
             hath
             ,
             since
             the
             publishing
             of
             that
             Paper
             ,
             shewed
             me
             some
             Deeds
             ,
             wherein
             he
             hath
             several
             Proprieties
             conveyed
             back
             to
             him
             again
             ,
             from
             the
             original
             Purchasers
             and
             Judge
             ,
             he
             may
             make
             good
             Titles
             to
             the
             same
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             A
             Letter
             by
             Thomas
             Budd
             ,
             sent
             to
             his
             Friends
             in
             Pennsilvania
             and
             New-Jersey
             .
          
           
             
               Dear
               Friends
               ;
            
          
           
             YOu
             are
             often
             in
             my
             Remembrance
             ,
             and
             at
             this
             time
             I
             feel
             the
             tender
             Bowels
             of
             our
             heavenly
             Father's
             Love
             flowing
             in
             my
             Heart
             towards
             you
             ,
             in
             a
             sence
             of
             those
             great
             Exercises
             that
             many
             of
             you
             have
             ,
             do
             and
             may
             meet
             vvithal
             in
             your
             
               Spiritual
               Travel
            
             tovvards
             the
             
               Land
               of
               Promise
            
             .
          
           
             I
             am
             also
             sensible
             of
             the
             many
             Exercises
             and
             invvard
             Combats
             that
             many
             of
             you
             met
             vvithal
             ,
             after
             you
             felt
             an
             inclination
             in
             your
             Hearts
             of
             Transplanting
             your selves
             into
             America
             :
             Oh
             the
             Breathing
             and
             servent
             Prayers
             ,
             and
             earnest
             Desires
             that
             vvere
             in
             your
             Hearts
             to
             the
             Lord
             ,
             
               That
               you
               might
               not
               go
               except
               it
               was
               his
               good
               Pleasure
               to
               remove
               you
               ,
               for
               a
               purpose
               of
               his
               own
               :
            
             This
             you
             earnestly
             desired
             to
             be
             satisfied
             in
             ,
             and
             many
             of
             you
             received
             satisfaction
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             your
             places
             to
             leave
             your
             Native
             Country
             ,
             Trades
             ,
             and
             near
             and
             dear
             Relations
             and
             Friends
             to
             transplant
             your selves
             into
             a
             Wilderness
             ,
             where
             you
             expected
             to
             meet
             with
             many
             Tryals
             and
             Exercises
             of
             a
             differing
             kind
             ,
             than
             what
             you
             had
             met
             withal
             in
             your
             Native
             Country
             ;
             but
             this
             you
             contentedly
             gave
             up
             to
             ,
             but
             not
             without
             earnest
             desire
             ,
             and
             servent
             Prayers
             to
             the
             Lord
             for
             his
             Wisdom
             to
             govern
             you
             ,
             and
             his
             Fatherly
             Care
             to
             preserve
             you
             ,
             and
             his
             comfortable
             presence
             to
             be
             with
             you
             ,
             to
             strengthen
             and
             enable
             you
             chearfuly
             to
             undergo
             those
             new
             and
             unaccustomed
             Tryals
             and
             Exercises
             ,
             that
             you
             were
             sensible
             would
             attend
             you
             in
             this
             weighty
             undertaking
             ,
             the
             Lord
             heard
             your
             Prayers
             ,
             and
             answered
             your
             Desires
             ,
             inasmuch
             as
             that
             his
             Fatherly
             Care
             was
             over
             you
             ,
             and
             his
             living
             Presence
             
             did
             accompany
             you
             over
             the
             great
             Deep
             ;
             so
             that
             you
             saw
             his
             wonderful
             Deliverence
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             sence
             thereof
             ,
             you
             praised
             his
             Name
             for
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             The
             Lord
             having
             thus
             far
             answered
             our
             Souls
             desire
             ,
             as
             to
             bring
             us
             to
             our
             desired
             Port
             in
             safety
             ,
             and
             to
             remain
             with
             as
             ,
             to
             be
             a
             Counsellor
             of
             good
             things
             unto
             us
             ,
             let
             us
             now
             answer
             this
             Kindness
             unto
             us
             by
             a
             
               righteous
               Conversation
            
             ,
             and
             a
             
               pure
               ,
               holy
            
             and
             
               innocent
               Life
            
             ,
             that
             others
             beholding
             the
             same
             ,
             may
             be
             convinced
             thereby
             ,
             and
             may
             glorifie
             our
             heavenly
             Father
             .
          
           
             The
             Eyes
             of
             many
             are
             on
             us
             ,
             some
             for
             Good
             ,
             and
             some
             for
             Evil
             ;
             therefore
             my
             earnest
             Prayers
             are
             to
             the
             Lord
             ,
             That
             he
             would
             preserve
             us
             ,
             and
             give
             us
             Wisdom
             ,
             that
             we
             may
             be
             governed
             aright
             before
             him
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             would
             give
             a
             good
             Understanding
             to
             those
             that
             are
             in
             Authority
             amongst
             us
             ,
             that
             his
             Law
             may
             go
             forth
             of
             Sion
             ,
             and
             his
             Word
             from
             Jerusalem
             .
             Be
             not
             backward
             in
             discharging
             that
             great
             Trust
             committed
             to
             you
             in
             your
             respective
             Offices
             and
             Places
             ,
             that
             you
             may
             be
             help-meets
             in
             the
             Restroration
             .
          
           
             And
             be
             careful
             to
             suppress
             ,
             and
             keep
             down
             all
             Vice
             ,
             and
             disorderly
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             incourage
             Virtus
             ,
             not
             only
             in
             the
             general
             ,
             but
             every
             one
             in
             his
             perticular
             Family
             ;
             there
             is
             an
             incumbant
             Duty
             lieth
             on
             all
             Masters
             of
             Families
             over
             their
             Family
             ,
             therefore
             my
             desire
             is
             ,
             that
             we
             may
             call
             our
             Families
             together
             at
             convenient
             times
             and
             Seasons
             ,
             to
             wait
             upon
             the
             Lord
             ,
             and
             to
             seek
             to
             him
             for
             Wisdom
             and
             Counsel
             ,
             that
             his
             Blessings
             may
             attend
             us
             and
             our
             Families
             ,
             and
             our
             Children
             may
             sit
             about
             our
             Table
             as
             Olive-branches
             full
             of
             Virtue
             ,
             then
             shall
             we
             be
             full
             of
             Joy
             and
             Peace
             ,
             and
             living
             Praises
             will
             spring
             to
             the
             Lord
             ,
             in
             that
             his
             Blessings
             and
             Fatherly
             Care
             hath
             been
             thus
             continued
             towards
             us
             .
          
           
             
               Dear
               Friends
            
             ;
             be
             tender
             and
             helpful
             one
             towards
             another
             ,
             that
             the
             Lord
             may
             bless
             and
             fill
             you
             with
             his
             divine
             Love
             ,
             
             and
             sweet
             refreshing
             Life
             ,
             which
             unities
             our
             Souls
             to
             each
             other
             ,
             and
             makes
             us
             as
             one
             Family
             of
             Love
             together
             :
             Let
             us
             not
             entertain
             any
             hard
             Thoughts
             one
             of
             another
             ,
             but
             if
             deference
             should
             happen
             amongst
             us
             ,
             let
             a
             speedy
             and
             peaceable
             end
             be
             put
             unto
             it
             ;
             for
             if
             Prejudices
             enter
             ,
             it
             will
             eat
             out
             the
             precious
             Life
             ,
             and
             make
             us
             barren
             and
             unfruitful
             to
             God.
             We
             are
             not
             without
             our
             daily
             Exercises
             ,
             Tryals
             and
             Temptations
             ,
             therefore
             do
             desire
             the
             Lord
             may
             put
             it
             into
             your
             Hearts
             ,
             to
             Pray
             for
             our
             Preservation
             ,
             and
             our
             safe
             return
             to
             you
             ,
             that
             we
             may
             meet
             together
             again
             in
             the
             same
             overcoming
             Love
             of
             God
             ,
             in
             which
             we
             parted
             from
             you
             .
          
           
             My
             Heart
             is
             full
             of
             Love
             to
             you
             ,
             and
             do
             long
             to
             see
             your
             Faces
             ,
             and
             to
             enjoy
             your
             Company
             ,
             that
             I
             may
             more
             fully
             express
             that
             pure
             Love
             of
             God
             that
             springs
             in
             my
             Heart
             unto
             you
             ,
             then
             I
             can
             do
             by
             Writing
             .
             Therefore
             I
             desire
             you
             may
             rest
             satisfied
             with
             these
             few
             Lines
             ,
             and
             receive
             them
             as
             a
             token
             of
             unfeigned
             Love.
             From
          
           
             
               Your
               dear
               Friend
               ,
               Thomas
               Budd
               .
            
             
               London
               ,
               
                 the
                 29th
                 of
                 the
                 8th
                 Month
                 ,
                 1684.
                 
              
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           Some
           material
           Things
           omitted
           in
           the
           foregoing
           part
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           to
           be
           noted
           ,
           that
           the
           Tide
           runs
           to
           the
           Falls
           of
           Delavvare
           ,
           it
           being
           one
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Miles
           from
           the
           Capes
           ,
           or
           entrance
           of
           the
           said
           River
           (
           which
           Falls
           ,
           is
           a
           ledge
           of
           Rocks
           lying
           a
           cross
           the
           River
           )
           and
           also
           it
           runs
           up
           in
           some
           of
           the
           Cricks
           ,
           ten
           or
           fifteen
           Miles
           ,
           the
           said
           River
           and
           Cricks
           ,
           being
           navigable
           for
           Ships
           of
           great
           Burthen
           ,
           there
           having
           lain
           over
           against
           Burlington
           ,
           a
           Ship
           of
           about
           the
           burthen
           of
           four
           hundred
           Tims
           afloat
           in
           four
           Fathom
           ,
           at
           dead
           low
           Water
           ,
           and
           the
           Flood
           riseth
           six
           or
           eight
           Foot
           ;
           and
           there
           being
           no
           Worm
           that
           eats
           the
           bottoms
           of
           the
           Ships
           ,
           as
           is
           usually
           done
           in
           Virginia
           and
           Barbadoes
           ,
           &c.
           which
           renders
           the
           said
           Countries
           very
           fit
           for
           Trade
           and
           Navigation
           :
           And
           in
           the
           said
           River
           and
           Cricks
           are
           many
           other
           sorts
           of
           good
           Fish
           ,
           not
           already
           named
           ,
           some
           of
           which
           are
           
             Cat-fish
             ,
             Trout
             ;
             Eales
             ,
             Pearch
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
      
       
         
           ERRATA
           .
        
         
           Page
           13.
           line
           16
           after
           often
           ,
           read
           as
           .
           Page
           25
           l.
           3
           for
           seven
           ,
           r.
           two
           hundred
           .
           line
           19.
           
             f.
             cor
          
           .
           6
           ,
           l.
           31
           after
           Beans
           ,
           r.
           at
           three
           Shillings
           ▪
           Pag.
           26
           l
           14
           f.
           I
           intend
           ,
           r.
           I
           indent
           .
           l.
           22
           
             fd
             ,
          
           .
           inten
           r.
           indent
           .
           pag.
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           8l
           l.
           l
           11
           dele
           and.
           Pag.
           17
           f.
           ths
           ,
           r.
           this
           .
           l.
           21
           after
           in
           ,
           r.
           the
           ▪
        
         
      
    
  

