Good order established in Pennsilvania & New-Jersey in America being a true account of the country; with its produce and commodities there made. And the great improvements that may be made by means of publick store-houses for hemp, flax and linnen-cloth; also, the advantages of a publick school, the profits of a publick-bank, and the probability of its arising, if those directions here laid down are followed. With the advantages of publick granaries. ... By Thomas Budd.
Budd, Thomas, 1648-1699.
1685
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A30014
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ESTC R222596
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99833750
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Good order established in Pennsilvania & New-Jersey in America being a true account of the country; with its produce and commodities there made. And the great improvements that may be made by means of publick store-houses for hemp, flax and linnen-cloth; also, the advantages of a publick school, the profits of a publick-bank, and the probability of its arising, if those directions here laid down are followed. With the advantages of publick granaries. ... By Thomas Budd.
Budd, Thomas, 1648-1699.
39, [1] p.
by William Bradford],
[Philadelphia :
Printed in the year 1685.
Place of publication and printer's name from Evans and Hildeburn; Wing suggests [London?, Andrew Sowle?].
Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.
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eng
Pennsylvania -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 -- Early works to 1800.
New Jersey -- History -- Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775 -- Early works to 1800.
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Good
Order
Established
IN
Pennsilvania
&
New-Jersey
IN
AMERICA
,
Being
a
true
Account
of
the
Country
;
With
its
Produce
and
Commodities
there
made
.
And
the
great
Improvements
that
may
be
made
by
means
of
Publick
Store-houses
for
Hemp
,
flax
and
Linnen-Cloth
;
also
,
the
Advantages
of
a
Publick-School
,
the
Profits
of
a
Publick-Bank
,
and
the
Probability
of
its
arising
,
if
those
directions
here
laid
down
are
followed
.
With
the
advantages
of
publick
Granaries
.
Likewise
,
several
other
things
needful
to
be
understood
by
those
that
are
or
do
intend
to
be
concerned
in
planting
in
the
said
Countries
.
All
which
is
laid
down
very
plain
,
in
this
small
Treatife
;
it
being
easie
to
be
understood
by
any
ordinary
Capacity
.
To
which
the
Reader
is
referred
for
his
further
satisfaction
.
By
Thomas
Budd
.
Printed
in
the
Year
1685.
Those
that
have
generous
Spirits
,
whose
desires
and
Endeavours
are
to
bring
the
Creation
into
Order
,
do
I
dedicate
This
,
the
first
Fruits
of
my
Endeavours
.
I
Taking
into
consideration
the
destressed
Condition
that
many
thousand
Families
lie
under
in
my
Native
Country
,
by
reason
of
the
deadness
of
Trade
,
and
want
of
work
,
and
believing
that
many
that
have
great
store
of
Money
that
lies
by
them
unimploy'd
,
would
be
willing
and
ready
to
assist
and
encourage
those
poor
distressed
People
,
by
supplying
them
with
Monies
,
in
order
to
bring
them
out
of
that
Slavery
and
Poverty
they
groan
under
,
if
they
might
do
it
with
safety
to
themselves
.
These
Considerations
put
me
on
writing
this
small
Treatise
,
wherein
I
hope
the
Reader
will
have
full
Satisfaction
,
that
the
Rich
may
help
to
relieve
the
Poor
,
and
yet
reap
great
Profit
and
Advantage
to
themselves
by
their
so
doing
,
which
if
it
so
happen
that
Rich
and
Poor
are
benefitted
by
following
the
Advice
here
given
,
then
will
be
answered
the
hearty
Desires
of
Your
True
and
Well-wishing
Friend
,
THOMAS
BUDD
.
It
is
to
be
noted
,
that
the
Government
of
these
Countries
is
so
settled
by
Concessions
,
and
such
care
taken
by
the
establishment
of
certain
fundamental
Laws
,
by
which
every
Man's
Liberty
and
Property
,
both
as
Men
and
Christians
,
are
preserved
;
so
that
none
shall
be
hurt
in
his
Person
,
Estate
or
Liberty
for
his
Religious
Perswasion
or
Practice
in
Worship
towards
God.
PEnnsylvania
and
New-Jersy
in
America
lieth
in
about
forty
&
forty
two
Degrees
of
North
Latitude
,
and
is
severed
the
one
from
the
other
by
the
River
of
Delaware
on
the
West
,
and
seperated
from
New-York
Collony
by
Sandy-hoock-Bay
,
and
part
of
Hudsons
River
on
the
East
.
The
dayes
in
the
Winter
are
about
two
hours
longer
,
and
in
the
Summer
two
hours
shorter
than
in
England
,
the
Summer
somewhat
hotter
,
which
causeth
the
Fruits
and
Corn
somewhat
to
ripen
faster
than
in
England
,
and
the
Harvest
for
Wheat
,
Rye
and
Barley
,
being
about
the
latter
end
of
June
.
In
the
Winter
season
it
is
cold
and
freezing
Weather
,
and
sometimes
Snow
,
but
commonly
very
clear
and
Sun-shine
,
which
soon
dissolves
it
.
The
Country
is
well
Watered
,
the
River
of
Delaware
being
navigable
for
Ships
of
great
burthen
to
Burlington
,
which
from
the
Capes
,
or
entrance
,
is
accounted
an
hundred
and
forty
Miles
;
and
for
Sloops
to
the
Falls
,
which
is
about
ten
Miles
farther
.
The
Bay
of
Sandy-hoock
on
East-Jersy
is
a
safe
and
excellent
Harbour
for
any
Fleet
of
Ships
,
which
can
lie
there
in
all
Weathers
,
and
go
in
and
out
to
Sea
in
Winter
,
as
well
as
Summer
,
and
Ships
of
great
Burthen
can
lie
close
to
the
Town
of
New-Perth
,
which
renders
it
a
good
Scituation
for
Navigation
,
from
whence
in
six
Hours
time
at
most
,
Ships
can
go
out
into
the
Sea
;
and
close
by
the
Town
of
Perth
runs
up
Rariton
River
.
From
the
Falls
of
Delaware
River
the
Indians
go
in
Cannows
up
the
said
River
,
to
an
Indian
Town
called
Minisincks
,
which
is
accounted
from
the
Falls
about
eighty
Miles
;
but
this
they
perform
by
great
Labour
in
setting
up
against
the
Stream
;
but
they
can
come
down
with
ease
and
speed
;
the
River
from
the
Falls
runs
from
the
North
and
North-West
about
twenty
Miles
,
as
I
my self
observed
in
my
Travel
so
far
by
the
River
,
but
by
the
Indians
Information
,
it
cometh
about
more
Easterly
farther
up
.
I
have
been
informed
,
that
about
Minisincks
,
by
the
River-side
,
both
in
New-Jersey
and
Pennsylvania
is
great
quantities
of
exceeding
rich
open
Land
,
which
is
occasioned
by
washing
down
of
the
Leaves
and
Soil
in
great
Rains
from
the
Mountains
,
which
Land
is
exceeding
good
,
for
the
raising
of
Hem
?
and
Flax
,
Wheat
,
or
any
other
sorts
of
Corn
,
Fruits
,
Roots
&c.
Where
in
time
may
be
conveniently
settled
a
Manufacture
for
the
making
of
Linnen-cloth
,
Cordage
,
Twine
,
Sacking
,
Fishing-Nets
,
and
all
other
Commodities
commonly
made
of
Hemp
or
Flax
:
And
after
great
Rains
,
we
may
bring
down
great
quantities
of
Goods
in
flat-bottom-Boats
,
built
for
that
purpose
,
which
will
then
come
down
,
by
reason
of
the
Land-floods
with
speed
.
And
into
this
River
,
betwixt
the
Capes
and
the
Falls
,
run
many
navigable
Rivers
and
Cricks
,
some
of
them
fifteen
or
twenty
Miles
,
and
others
less
,
which
Rivers
and
Cricks
are
made
by
the
plenty
of
Springs
and
Brooks
,
that
run
out
of
the
Country
,
many
of
which
Brooks
are
so
considerable
,
as
to
be
fit
to
drive
Mills
.
And
above
the
falls
,
in
travelling
of
twenty
Miles
by
the
Rivers
side
,
I
went
over
twenty
runnings
of
Water
,
five
or
six
of
them
being
fit
to
build
Mills
on
.
The
Country
for
the
most
part
is
pretty
leavel
,
until
we
come
about
ten
Miles
above
the
Falls
,
where
it
is
Mountanious
for
many
Miles
,
but
interlaced
with
fertile
Valleys
.
The
Bay
and
River
of
Delaware
,
and
the
Rivers
and
Cricks
that
runs
into
it
,
are
plentifully
stored
with
various
sorts
of
good
Fish
and
Water-Fowl
.
as
Swans
,
Geese
,
Ducks
,
Wigeons
,
&c.
And
a
considerable
Whale-Fishery
may
be
carried
on
in
the
Bay
of
Delaware
,
and
on
the
Sea-Coasts
of
New
Jersey
,
there
being
Whale
-
Fisheries
already
begun
,
plenty
of
Whales
being
by
experience
found
there
,
and
the
Winter-time
being
the
time
for
the
catching
them
,
they
will
not
thereby
be
hindred
of
raising
there
Summer-Crops
;
and
the
Oyl
and
Bone
being
good
Commodities
to
be
sent
for
England
,
there
also
being
in
the
Bay
of
Delaware
and
Sandy-hoock
,
Drums
,
Sheeps-heads
Bass
,
and
other
sorts
of
large
Fish
,
which
may
be
fit
to
salt
up
in
Casks
to
keep
for
use
,
and
Transportation
also
.
There
are
great
plenty
of
Oysters
,
which
may
be
pickled
and
put
up
in
small
Casks
for
use
.
Likewise
,
in
Delaware
River
are
great
plenty
of
Sturgion
,
which
doubtless
might
be
a
good
Trade
,
if
mannaged
by
such
Persons
as
are
skilful
in
the
boyling
and
pickling
of
them
,
so
as
to
preserve
them
good
to
Barbadoes
,
and
other
adjacent
Islands
.
There
are
also
in
the
Spring
great
quantities
of
a
sort
of
Fish
like
Herrings
:
with
plenty
of
the
Fish
called
Shads
,
but
not
like
the
Shads
in
England
,
but
of
another
kind
,
being
a
much
better
sort
of
Fish
;
the
Inhabitants
usually
catch
quantities
,
which
they
salt
up
,
and
pack
them
in
Barrels
for
Winter's
Provision
.
The
Lands
from
the
Capes
,
to
about
six
Miles
above
New-Castle
(
which
is
by
estimation
ninety
Miles
)
is
for
the
most
part
very
rich
,
there
being
very
many
navigable
Cricks
on
both
sides
of
the
River
,
and
on
the
River
and
Cricks
are
great
quantities
of
rich
fat
Marsh
Land
,
which
causeth
those
parts
,
to
some
fresh
People
,
to
be
somewhat
unhealthful
in
the
latter
part
of
the
Summer
,
at
which
time
some
of
them
have
Agues
:
Also
in
and
near
these
Marshes
,
are
small
Flies
,
called
Musketoes
,
which
are
troublesome
to
such
People
as
are
not
used
to
them
;
but
were
those
Marshes
banked
,
and
drained
,
and
then
plowed
and
sowed
,
some
Years
with
Corn
,
and
then
with
English
Hay-seed
,
I
do
suppose
it
would
be
healthful
,
and
very
little
troubled
with
Musketoes
;
and
if
Cattel
did
commonly
feed
on
this
Ground
,
and
tread
it
as
in
England
,
I
suppose
it
would
not
be
inferior
to
the
rich
Meadows
on
the
River
of
Thames
;
and
were
quantities
of
this
Land
laid
dry
,
and
brought
into
Tillage
,
I
suppose
it
would
bear
great
Crops
of
Wheat
,
Pease
and
Barley
,
Hemp
and
Flax
,
and
it
would
be
very
fit
for
Hop-Gardens
,
and
for
English
Grass
,
which
might
serve
for
rich
Pastures
or
Meadow
.
Also
these
Marshes
are
fit
for
Rape
,
and
were
Rape-Mills
built
,
and
the
design
mannaged
,
so
as
it
would
be
if
it
were
in
England
or
Holland
,
a
great
Trade
might
be
carried
on
,
and
many
hundred
Tuns
of
Rape-Oyl
might
be
made
Yearly
,
and
sent
to
England
,
to
the
Planters
inrichment
;
and
not
only
so
,
but
would
be
for
Merchants
advantage
,
they
thereby
having
Goods
to
freight
their
Ships
,
which
would
tend
to
the
benefit
of
the
Inhabitants
in
general
.
And
if
those
Trades
and
Designs
are
carried
on
to
effects
,
as
are
mentioned
in
this
Treatise
,
there
would
naturally
follow
Trade
and
Imployment
for
Ship-wrights
,
Boat-wrights
,
Coopers
,
Carpenters
,
Smiths
,
Ropers
,
Mariners
,
Weavers
,
Butchers
,
Bakers
,
Brewers
;
and
many
other
sorts
of
Trades
would
have
full
Impoyment
.
From
six
Miles
above
New-Castle
to
the
Falls
of
Delaware
(
which
is
about
sixty
Miles
)
and
so
to
the
Head
of
the
said
River
,
the
Water
is
clear
,
fresh
,
and
fit
for
Brewing
,
or
any
other
use
.
The
Air
clear
and
good
,
it
being
supposed
to
be
as
healthful
,
as
any
part
of
England
.
The
Land
is
in
Veins
,
some
good
,
and
some
bad
,
but
the
greatest
part
will
bear
good
Corn
,
as
Wheat
,
Rye
,
Barley
,
Oats
,
Indian
Corn
,
Buck-Wheat
,
Pease
and
Indian
Beans
,
&c.
Fruits
that
grow
natural
in
the
Countries
are
Strawberries
,
Cramberries
.
Huckleberries
,
Blackberries
,
Medlers
,
Grapes
,
Plums
,
Hickery-Nuts
,
Walnuts
,
Multheries
,
Chestnuts
,
Hassel-nuts
,
&c.
Garden
Fruits
groweth
well
,
as
Cabbage
,
Colworts
,
Colliflowers
,
Sparagrass
,
Carrots
,
Parsneps
,
Turnups
,
Oynions
,
Cowcumbers
,
Pumkins
,
Water-Mellons
,
Musk-Mellons
,
Squashe
,
Potatoes
,
Currants
,
Goosberries
,
Roses
,
Cornations
,
Tulips
,
Garden-Herbs
,
Flowers
,
Seeds
,
Fruits
,
&c.
for
such
as
grow
in
England
,
certainly
will
grow
here
.
Orchards
of
Apples
,
Pears
,
Quinces
,
Peaches
,
Aprecocks
,
Plums
,
Cheries
,
and
other
sorts
of
the
usual
Fruits
of
England
may
be
soon
raised
to
good
advantage
,
the
Trees
growing
faster
then
in
England
,
whereof
great
quantities
of
Sider
may
be
made
.
And
were
Glass-houses
erected
to
furnish
us
with
Bottles
,
we
might
have
a
profitable
Trade
,
by
sending
Sider
to
Jamaico
and
Barbadoes
,
&c.
ready
bottled
,
which
is
commonly
so
sent
from
Herefordshire
to
London
.
It
is
supposed
that
we
may
make
as
good
Wines
as
in
France
,
(
if
Vineyards
were
planted
on
the
sides
of
Hills
or
Banks
,
which
are
defended
from
the
cold
North-West
Winds
)
with
such
Vines
as
the
French-men
commonly
make
those
Wines
of
;
for
the
Climate
is
as
proper
as
any
part
of
France
,
therefore
it
is
rational
to
believe
,
that
the
Wines
will
be
as
rich
and
good
as
in
France
.
There
are
some
Vineyards
already
planted
in
Pennsylvania
,
and
more
intended
to
be
planted
by
some
French-Protestants
,
and
others
,
that
are
gone
to
settle
there
.
Several
other
Commodities
may
be
raised
here
,
as
Rice
,
which
is
known
to
have
been
sown
for
a
trayal
,
and
it
grew
very
well
,
and
yielded
good
encrease
.
Also
Annis-Seeds
I
have
been
informed
groweth
well
,
and
might
be
a
profitable
Commodity
,
there
being
great
Quantities
used
in
England
by
Distillers
.
Liquorish
doubtless
would
grow
very
well
.
And
I
question
not
but
that
Mather
,
Woad
,
and
other
Plants
and
Roots
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
use
might
be
raised
.
Shuemack
groweth
natural
.
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
a●useful
Dargs
grow
naturally
,
as
Sassafrass
,
〈…〉
,
Callunus
Aromatious
,
Snake-Root
,
Jallappa
,
&c.
The
Pine-Tree
groweth
here
,
out
of
which
is
made
Pitch
,
Tar
,
Rosin
and
Tarpentine
:
In
New-England
some
make
quantities
of
Tar
out
of
the
knots
of
Pine
Trees
,
with
which
they
supply
themselves
and
others
.
There
are
many
other
sorts
of
Plants
,
Roots
and
Herbs
of
great
Virtue
,
which
grow
here
,
which
are
found
to
cure
such
Distempers
as
the
People
are
insident
to
.
Hops
in
some
places
grow
naturally
,
but
were
Hop
-
Gardens
planted
in
low
rich
Land
,
quantities
might
be
raised
to
good
advantage
.
There
is
no
Lime
Stone
as
we
yet
know
of
,
but
we
make
Lime
of
Oyster
Shels
,
which
by
the
Sea
and
Bay
side
are
so
plentiful
,
that
we
may
load
Ships
with
them
.
There
are
several
sorts
of
good
Clay
,
of
which
Bricks
,
Earthen-Ware
,
and
Tobacco-Pipes
are
made
;
and
in
some
places
there
are
Quaries
of
a
ruf
hard
Stone
,
which
are
good
to
wall
Cellars
,
and
some
Stone
fit
for
Pavement
.
The
Trees
grow
but
him
thin
in
most
places
,
and
very
little
under-Wood
.
In
the
Woods
groweth
plentifully
a
course
sort
of
Grass
,
which
is
so
proving
that
it
soon
makes
the
Cattel
and
Horses
fat
in
the
Summer
,
but
the
Hay
being
course
,
which
is
chiefly
gotten
on
the
fresh
Marshes
,
the
Cattel
loseth
their
Flesh
in
the
Winter
,
and
become
very
poor
,
except
we
give
them
Corn
:
But
this
may
be
remydied
in
time
,
by
draining
of
low
rich
Land
,
and
by
plowing
of
it
,
and
sowing
it
with
English-Grass-seed
,
which
here
thrives
very
well
The
Hogs
are
fat
in
the
VVoods
when
it
is
a
good
Mast-Year
.
The
Woods
are
furnished
with
store
of
Wild
Fowl
,
as
Turkeys
,
Phesants
,
Heath-Cocks
,
Partridges
,
Pidgeons
,
Blackbirds
,
&c.
And
People
that
will
take
the
pains
to
raise
the
various
sorts
of
tame
Fowl
,
may
do
it
with
as
little
trouble
,
and
less
charge
,
then
they
can
in
England
,
by
reason
of
what
they
find
in
the
Woods
.
Bees
are
found
by
the
experience
of
several
that
keep
them
,
to
thrive
very
well
.
I
do
not
question
but
that
we
might
make
good
strong
sound
Beer
,
Ale
and
Mum
,
that
would
keep
well
to
Barbadoes
the
Water
being
good
,
and
Wheat
and
Barley
in
a
few
Years
like
to
be
very
plentiful
:
Great
quantities
of
Beer
,
Ale
and
Mum
is
sent
yearly
from
London
,
and
other
places
,
to
Barbadoes
,
Jamaica
,
and
other
Islands
in
America
,
where
it
sells
to
good
advantage
;
and
if
Beer
,
Ale
and
Mam
hold
good
from
England
to
those
places
,
which
't
is
said
is
above
one
thousand
Leagues
;
I
question
not
but
if
it
be
well
brewed
in
a
seasonable
time
of
the
Year
,
and
put
up
in
good
Casks
,
but
it
will
keep
good
to
be
Transported
from
Delaware
River
to
those
Islands
aforesaid
,
which
by
computation
,
is
not
above
half
so
far
.
If
Merchants
can
gain
by
sending
Beer
,
Ale
and
Mum
from
England
,
where
Corn
is
dear
,
and
Freight
dear
,
by
reason
of
the
length
of
the
Voyage
,
we
in
all
probability
must
get
much
more
,
that
buy
our
Corn
cheap
,
and
pay
less
Freight
.
Flower
and
Bisket
may
be
made
in
great
quantities
in
a
few
Years
,
the
Wheat
being
very
good
,
which
seldom
fails
of
finding
a
good
Market
at
Barbadoes
,
Jamaica
,
and
the
Carieb
Islands
:
great
quantities
are
sent
yearly
from
Lonaon
,
and
other
places
,
which
if
they
can
make
Profit
of
it
,
we
much
more
for
the
Reasons
already
given
.
Pork
is
but
about
half
the
price
as
in
England
,
therefore
the
Inhabitants
will
seldom
have
their
Market
spoiled
by
any
that
come
from
England
,
of
which
Commodity
the
Inhabitants
in
a
few
Years
will
have
Quantities
to
sell
to
the
Merchant
,
which
is
salted
,
and
packed
in
Barrels
,
and
so
transported
to
Jamaica
,
Barbadoes
,
Nevis
,
and
other
Islands
.
Hams
of
Bacon
are
also
made
,
much
after
the
same
manner
as
in
West-Falia
▪
and
the
Bacon
eats
much
like
it
.
Our
Beef
in
the
Fall
is
very
fat
and
good
,
and
we
are
likely
in
a
few
Years
to
have
great
Plenty
,
which
will
serve
our
Families
,
and
furnish
Shipping
.
Our
Mutton
is
also
fat
,
sound
and
good
,
being
only
fed
with
natural
Grass
;
but
if
we
sprinkle
but
a
little
English
Hay-Seed
on
the
Land
without
Plowing
,
and
then
feed
Sheep
on
it
,
in
a
little
time
it
will
so
encrease
,
that
it
will
cover
the
Land
with
English
Grass
,
like
unto
our
Pastures
in
England
provided
the
Land
be
good
.
We
find
the
Profits
of
Sheep
are
considerable
.
Our
Butter
is
very
good
,
and
our
Cheese
is
indifferent
good
,
but
when
we
have
Pastures
of
English
Gass
,
(
which
many
are
getting
into
)
then
I
suppose
our
Cheese
will
be
as
good
as
that
of
England
:
Our
Horses
are
good
serviceable
Horses
,
fit
both
for
Draught
and
Saddle
,
the
Planters
will
ride
them
fifty
Miles
a
day
,
without
Shoes
,
and
some
of
them
are
indifferent
good
shapes
;
of
which
many
Ships
are
freighted
yearly
from
New-England
with
Horses
to
Barbadoes
,
Nevis
,
and
other
places
;
and
some
Ships
have
also
been
freighted
out
of
Pennsylvania
and
New-Jersey
with
Horses
to
Barbadoes
;
but
if
we
had
some
choice
Horses
from
England
,
and
did
get
some
of
the
best
of
our
Mares
,
and
keep
them
well
in
the
Winter
,
and
in
Pastures
inclosed
in
the
Summer
,
to
prevent
there
going
amongst
other
Horses
,
we
might
then
have
a
choice
breed
of
Horses
,
which
would
tend
much
to
the
advantage
of
the
Inhabitants
.
The
Commodities
fit
to
send
to
England
,
besides
what
are
already
named
,
are
the
Skins
of
the
several
wild
Beasts
that
are
in
the
Country
,
as
Elks
,
Deer
,
Beaver
,
Fisher
,
Bear
,
Fox
,
Rackoon
,
Marten
,
Otter
,
Woolf
,
M●skquash
,
Mink
,
Cat
,
&c.
Potashes
may
be
here
made
,
and
Soap
,
not
only
to
the
supply
of
our selves
,
but
to
sell
to
our
Neighbours
.
Also
Iron
may
be
here
made
,
there
being
one
Iron-Work
already
in
East
-
Jersey
.
Likewise
,
we
may
furnish
Merchants
with
Pipe-Staves
,
and
other
Coopers
Timber
and
Hoops
.
The
Woolen
Manufacture
may
be
mannaged
in
Pennsylvania
and
New-Jersey
,
to
good
advantage
,
the
upper
parts
of
the
Country
being
very
fit
for
the
keeping
of
Sheep
,
the
Wool
being
found
to
be
good
,
and
the
Sheep
not
subject
to
the
Rot
:
The
Ewes
commonly
after
the
first
time
,
bring
two
Lambs
at
once
.
But
it
may
be
queried
,
How
shall
the
Sheep
be
preserved
from
the
Woolf
?
I
answer
;
Get
such
a
Flock
as
it
may
answer
the
charge
,
for
a
boy
to
make
it
his
full
Employment
to
look
after
them
,
and
let
them
be
pend
at
Night
in
a
House
or
Fold
provided
for
that
purpose
.
If
one
man
have
not
enough
to
imploy
a
Shepherd
,
then
let
several
joyn
their
Stock
together
.
But
it
may
be
queried
,
Where
shall
Wool
be
gotten
to
carry
on
the
Woollen
Manufacture
,
untill
we
have
of
our
own
raising
?
I
answer
;
in
Road-Island
,
and
some
other
adjacent
Islands
and
Places
,
Wool
may
be
bought
at
six
Pence
a
Pound
,
and
considerable
Quantities
may
be
there
had
,
which
will
supply
until
we
can
raise
enough
of
our
own
.
Also
,
we
may
have
Cotton-Wool
from
Barbadoes
,
and
other
adjacent
Islands
in
returns
for
our
Provisions
that
we
send
them
.
So
that
the
making
of
Cotton-Cloth
and
Fustians
may
be
likewise
made
to
good
advantage
,
the
Cotten-Wool
being
purchased
by
the
growth
of
our
own
Country
;
and
the
Linnen-Yarn
being
spun
by
our
own
Families
,
of
Flax
,
of
our
own
growth
and
ordering
.
The
Tanning-Trade
and
Shoemaking
may
be
here
mannaged
to
good
advantage
,
Hides
being
plenty
,
and
to
be
had
at
moderate
Prices
,
and
●ark
to
be
had
for
only
the
charge
in
getting
it
.
A
Skinner
that
can
dress
Skins
in
Oyl
,
may
do
very
well
;
for
we
have
Elk
skins
,
and
plenty
of
Buck
and
Doe
skins
,
which
the
Inhabitants
give
(
at
New-York
,
where
there
are
such
Trades
)
one
half
for
dressing
the
other
.
There
ought
to
be
publick
Store-Houses
provided
for
all
Persons
to
bring
their
Flax
,
Hemp
and
Linnen
Cloth
to
,
where
it
may
be
preserved
clean
and
dry
at
a
very
small
Charge
,
and
the
owner
at
liberty
to
take
it
out
at
his
own
will
and
pleasure
,
or
to
sell
,
transfer
or
assign
it
to
any
other
.
Now
the
Hemp
,
Flax
and
Linnen
Cloth
being
brought
into
the
publick
Store-House
,
and
the
Quantity
,
Quality
and
Value
of
it
there
registred
in
the
Book
,
to
be
kept
for
that
purpose
;
and
the
Person
that
hath
put
in
the
said
Hemp
,
Flax
and
Linnen
Cloth
,
taking
a
Note
under
the
Hand
and
Seal
,
from
the
Store-house
Register
,
of
the
quantity
,
quality
and
value
of
the
Hemp
Flax
,
and
Linnen
Cloth
brought
into
the
publick
Store-House
,
with
the
time
it
was
delivered
;
these
Notes
will
pass
from
one
man
to
another
all
one
as
Money
:
As
for
Example
,
Suppose
I
am
a
Merchant
,
that
am
furnished
with
divers
sorts
of
goods
,
I
sell
them
to
a
Planter
,
and
receive
their
Notes
which
they
had
from
the
Store-house
Registry
,
in
pay
for
my
goods
,
to
the
value
of
one
hundred
Pounds
.
I
buy
of
the
Clothier
in
Woolen
Cloth
to
the
value
of
sixty
pounds
,
and
of
the
●oper
in
Cordage
to
the
value
of
forty
pounds
;
I
pay
them
by
these
Notes
on
the
Store-house
;
the
clother
he
buys
Woolen
Yarn
of
the
Master
of
the
Spinning-School
,
to
the
value
of
sixty
pounds
,
and
payes
him
by
these
Notes
on
the
publick
Store
;
the
Master
of
the
Spinning-School
buys
of
the
Farmer
in
Wool
to
the
value
of
sixty
pounds
,
and
pays
him
by
these
Notes
;
the
Farmer
buyeth
of
the
Merchant
in
Goods
to
the
value
of
sixty
pounds
,
and
pays
him
by
these
Notes
;
the
Merchant
receiveth
on
demand
,
from
the
publick
Store
,
in
Linnen
Cloth
to
the
value
of
sixty
pound
,
at
receiving
thereof
he
delivereth
up
the
Notes
to
the
Register
of
the
publick
Store
,
which
are
cancelled
,
and
then
filed
up
as
Waste
paper
.
The
Roper
,
when
he
pleaseth
,
receives
on
demand
,
in
Hemp
to
the
value
of
forty
pounds
out
of
the
publick
Store
,
by
which
he
is
made
capable
of
imploying
his
Servants
in
making
of
Cordage
;
but
he
that
hath
no
occasion
to
take
out
this
Hemp
or
Flax
,
or
Linnen
Cloth
,
may
pass
these
Notes
from
one
man
to
another
,
as
often
they
please
,
which
is
all
one
as
ready
Money
at
all
times
.
Were
the
Flax
and
Hemp
Manufactuaries
carried
on
to
that
height
as
it
might
be
,
it
would
greatly
advance
these
Countries
;
for
did
we
make
our
own
Sail-cloth
and
Cordage
,
we
could
make
Ships
,
Sloops
and
Boats
at
much
easier
Rates
than
they
can
build
for
in
England
,
the
Timber
costing
us
nothing
but
Labour
.
And
were
more
Saw-Mills
made
(
of
which
there
are
divers
already
)
to
cut
Planks
and
other
Timber
,
both
Ships
and
Houses
might
be
built
at
easie
Rates
.
Many
Ship
Loads
of
Hemp
is
brought
yearly
from
the
East
Countries
to
England
,
which
is
afterward
there
made
into
Cordage
.
Twine
,
Sacking
,
Fishing-Nets
&c.
and
then
transported
from
thence
to
Jamaica
,
Barbadoes
,
Virginia
,
New-England
,
and
other
parts
of
America
,
so
that
doubtless
materials
made
of
Hemp
,
must
be
sold
in
America
by
the
Retaler
,
at
double
the
price
as
it
cost
where
it
grew
;
by
which
it
appears
that
at
those
prices
we
should
have
double
for
our
labour
to
what
they
have
,
and
our
Provisions
as
Cheap
as
theirs
,
it
being
raised
on
Land
that
cost
us
little
.
1.
Now.
It
might
be
well
if
a
Law
were
made
by
the
Governours
and
general
Assemblies
of
Pennsilvania
and
New-Jersey
,
that
all
Persons
inhabiting
in
the
said
Provinces
,
do
put
their
Children
seven
years
to
the
publick
School
,
or
longer
,
if
the
Parents
please
.
2.
That
Schools
be
provided
in
all
Towns
and
Cities
,
and
Persons
of
known
honesty
,
skill
and
understanding
be
yearly
chosen
by
the
Governour
and
General
Assembly
,
to
teach
and
instruct
Boys
and
Girls
in
all
the
most
useful
Arts
and
Sciences
that
they
in
their
youthful
capacities
may
be
capable
to
understand
,
as
the
learning
to
Read
and
Write
true
English
,
Latine
,
and
other
useful
Speeches
and
Languages
,
and
fair
Writing
,
Arithmatick
and
Book-keeping
,
and
the
Boys
to
be
taught
and
instructed
in
some
Mystery
or
Trade
,
as
the
making
of
Mathematical
Instruments
,
Joynery
,
Turnery
,
the
making
of
Clocks
and
Watches
,
Weaving
,
Shoe-making
,
or
any
other
useful
Trade
or
Mystery
that
the
School
is
capable
of
teaching
;
and
the
Girls
to
be
taught
and
instructed
in
Spinning
of
Flax
and
Wool
,
and
Knitting
of
Gloves
and
Stockings
,
Sewing
,
and
making
of
all
sorts
of
useful
Needle-Work
,
and
the
making
of
Straw-Work
,
as
Hats
,
Baskets
,
&c.
or
any
other
useful
Art
or
Mystery
that
the
School
is
capable
of
teaching
.
3.
That
the
Scholars
be
kept
in
the
Morning
two
hours
at
Reading
,
Writing
,
Book-keeping
&c.
and
other
two
hours
at
work
in
that
Art
,
Mystery
or
Trade
that
he
or
she
most
delighteth
in
,
and
then
let
them
have
two
hours
to
dine
,
and
for
Recreation
;
and
in
the
afternoon
two
hours
at
Reading
,
Writing
,
&c.
and
the
other
two
hours
at
work
at
their
several
Imployments
.
4.
The
seventh
day
of
the
Week
the
Scholars
may
come
to
school
only
in
the
fore-noon
,
and
at
a
certain
hour
in
the
after-noon
let
a
Meeting
be
kept
by
the
School-masters
and
their
Scholars
,
where
after
good
instruction
and
admonition
is
given
by
the
Masters
,
to
the
Scholars
,
and
thanks
returned
to
the
Lord
for
his
Mercies
and
Blessings
that
are
daily
received
from
him
,
then
let
a
strict
examination
be
made
by
the
Masters
,
of
the
Conversation
of
the
Scholars
in
the
week
past
,
and
let
reproof
,
admonition
and
correction
be
given
to
the
Offendors
,
according
to
the
quantity
and
quality
of
their
faults
.
5.
Let
the
like
Meetings
be
kept
by
the
School-Mistrisses
,
and
the
Girls
apart
from
the
Boys
.
By
strictly
observing
this
good
Order
,
our
Children
will
be
hindred
of
running
into
that
Excess
of
Riot
and
Wickedness
that
youth
is
incident
to
,
and
they
will
be
a
comfort
to
their
tender
Parents
.
6.
Let
one
thousand
Acres
of
Land
be
given
and
laid
out
in
a
good
place
,
to
every
publick
School
that
shall
be
set
up
,
and
the
Rent
or
incom
of
it
to
go
towards
the
defraying
of
the
charge
of
the
School
.
7.
And
to
the
end
that
the
Children
of
poor
People
,
and
the
Children
of
Indians
may
have
the
like
good
Learning
with
the
Children
of
Rich
People
,
let
them
be
maintained
free
of
charge
to
their
Parents
,
out
of
the
Profits
of
the
school
,
arising
by
the
Work
of
the
Scholars
,
by
which
the
Poor
and
the
Indians
,
as
well
as
the
Rich
,
will
have
their
Children
taught
,
and
the
Remainder
of
the
Profits
,
if
any
be
,
to
be
disposed
of
in
the
building
of
School-houses
,
and
Improvements
on
the
thousand
Acres
of
Land
,
which
belongs
to
the
School
.
The
manner
and
Profits
of
a
Spinning-School
in
Germany
,
as
it
is
laid
down
by
Andrew
Yarenton
in
his
own
words
,
in
a
Book
of
his
,
call'd
,
England's
Improvements
by
Sea
and
Land
,
take
as
followeth
.
In
Germany
,
where
the
Thred
is
made
that
makes
the
fine
Linnens
,
in
all
Towns
there
are
Schools
for
little
Girls
,
from
six
years
old
,
and
upwards
,
to
teach
them
to
spin
,
and
so
to
bring
their
tender
fingers
by
degrees
to
spin
very
fine
;
their
Wheels
go
all
by
the
Foot
,
made
to
go
with
much
ease
,
whereby
the
action
or
motion
is
very
easie
and
delightful
:
The
way
,
method
,
rule
and
order
how
they
are
govern'd
is
,
1
st
.
There
is
a
large
Room
,
and
in
the
middle
thereof
a
little
Box
like
a
Pulpit
:
2
dly
,
There
are
benches
built
round
about
the
Room
,
as
they
are
in
Play-houses
,
up
on
the
benches
sit
about
two
hundred
Children
spinning
,
and
in
the
box
in
the
middle
of
the
room
,
sits
the
grand
Mistress
with
a
long
white
Wand
in
her
hand
;
if
she
observe
any
of
them
idle
,
she
reaches
them
a
tap
,
but
if
that
will
not
do
,
she
rings
a
bell
,
which
by
a
little
ord
is
fixed
to
the
box
,
and
out
comes
a
VVomau
,
she
then
points
to
the
Ofendor
,
and
she
is
taken
away
into
another
Room
and
chastized
;
and
all
this
is
done
without
one
word
speaking
:
In
a
little
Room
by
the
School
there
is
a
VVoman
that
is
preparing
,
and
putting
Flax
on
the
Distaffs
,
and
upon
the
ringing
of
a
Bell
,
and
pointing
the
Rod
at
the
Maid
that
hath
spun
off
her
Flax
,
she
hath
another
Distaff
given
her
,
and
her
Spool
of
Thred
taken
from
her
,
and
put
into
a
box
unto
others
of
the
same
size
,
to
make
Cloth
,
all
being
of
equal
Threds
.
1
st
.
They
raise
their
Children
,
as
they
spin
finer
,
to
the
higher
Benches
:
2.
They
sort
and
size
all
the
Threds
,
so
that
they
can
apply
them
to
make
equal
Cloths
;
and
after
a
young
Maid
hath
been
three
years
in
the
Spinning-School
,
that
is
taken
in
at
six
,
and
then
continues
until
nine
years
,
she
will
get
eight
pence
the
day
,
and
in
these
parts
I
speak
of
,
a
man
that
has
most
Children
,
lives
best
Now
were
Spining-Schools
settled
in
the
principal
Cities
and
Towns
in
Pennlyvania
and
New
Jersey
and
a
Law
made
to
oblige
the
Parents
of
Children
,
to
put
their
Children
to
School
,
we
should
then
soon
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
such
a
way
of
making
Linnen-Cloth
,
as
that
we
should
not
only
have
sufficient
fo
our
own
supply
,
but
also
should
have
quantities
to
sell
to
the
Inhabitants
of
our
own
neighbouring
Provinces
,
where
it
will
sell
at
considerable
Prices
,
they
being
usually
supplied
from
England
,
where
it
must
be
dear
,
after
Freight
,
Custom
,
and
other
charges
at
Importation
,
with
the
Merchants
profit
considered
;
and
yet
nevertheless
this
Cloth
,
thus
dear
bought
will
sell
in
New-England
,
Virginia
,
and
some
other
places
in
America
,
at
thirty
Pound
per
Cent
profit
,
above
the
first
cost
in
England
,
and
the
Moneys
paid
by
Bills
of
Exchange
,
and
the
Retalier
makes
commonly
on
Goods
thus
bought
not
less
then
twenty
Pounds
per
Cent.
profit
:
So
that
if
all
things
be
considered
,
the
Cloth
is
sold
in
America
,
to
the
Planter
at
full
double
the
price
as
it
cost
from
the
maker
in
France
or
Germany
,
from
whence
it
brought
to
England
,
by
which
it
doth
appear
,
that
if
we
do
get
such
Prices
for
the
Cloth
that
we
make
,
then
we
shall
have
double
for
our
Labour
to
what
they
have
;
therefore
it
may
be
well
that
a
Law
were
made
for
the
encouragement
of
the
Linnen
Manufacture
by
the
Governours
and
General
Assemblies
,
that
all
Persons
inhabiting
in
Pennsylvania
,
or
New-Jersey
,
that
keep
a
Plow
,
do
sow
one
Acre
of
Flax
,
and
two
Acres
of
Hemp
,
which
would
be
a
means
of
supplying
us
with
Flax
and
Hemp
,
to
carry
on
the
Manufacturies
of
Linnen-Cloth
and
Cordage
;
and
also
would
be
very
profitable
to
the
Planter
,
by
imploying
his
Family
in
the
Winter
season
,
when
they
would
have
otherwise
but
little
else
to
do
,
viz.
the
Men
and
Boys
in
Breaking
and
Dressing
of
it
,
and
making
it
fit
for
use
,
and
the
Women
and
Girls
in
Spining
it
,
and
nevertheless
they
may
carry
on
their
Husbandry
as
largely
,
as
if
nothing
of
this
was
done
;
the
Husbandry-Affairs
being
chiefly
betwixt
the
Spring
and
Fall.
Now
to
that
end
that
a
Bank
of
Monies
and
Credit
may
be
in
Pennsilvania
and
New
Jersey
,
a
Law
may
be
made
,
that
all
Monies
sent
on
Interest
be
at
8
l.
per
Cent.
by
the
year
,
and
that
all
Bills
and
Bonds
be
entred
on
the
publick
Registry
,
and
by
Act
of
Assembly
be
made
transferable
by
Assignments
,
so
as
the
Property
may
go
along
with
the
Assignment
;
thereby
a
Bond
or
Bill
will
go
in
the
nature
of
Bills
of
Exchange
;
and
so
A.
owing
200
l.
to
B.
he
assigns
him
the
Bond
of
C.
who
owed
him
200
l.
and
C.
owing
D.
200
l.
assigns
him
the
Bond
of
E.
who
owed
him
200
l.
and
so
one
Bond
or
Bill
would
go
through
twenty
hands
,
and
thereby
be
as
ready
Monies
,
and
do
much
to
the
Benefit
of
Trade
.
Also
,
that
all
Lands
and
Houses
be
put
under
a
publick
Registry
,
and
entred
in
the
Book
,
with
an
account
of
the
value
of
them
,
and
how
occupied
and
tenanted
,
a
particular
thereof
being
given
under
the
Hand
and
Seal
of
the
Office
to
the
Owners
.
We
having
thus
fitted
our selves
with
a
publick
Registry
of
all
our
Lands
and
Houses
,
whereby
it
is
made
ready
Money
at
all
times
,
without
the
charge
of
Law
,
or
the
necessity
of
a
Lawyer
;
and
a
Law
being
made
for
the
payment
of
such
large
Interest
for
Monies
lent
,
and
the
security
being
so
undeniably
good
,
a
Pank
will
in
time
arise
,
and
such
a
Bank
as
will
be
for
the
benefit
and
advantage
of
Pennsilvania
and
New-Jersey
,
and
Trade
universal
.
Suppose
my self
,
and
some
others
have
in
Houses
and
Lands
in
Pennsilvania
or
New-Jersey
,
worth
3000
l.
and
are
minded
to
mannage
and
carry
on
the
Linnen
Manufacture
,
but
cannot
do
it
,
without
borrowing
on
Interest
2000
l.
therefore
we
come
to
the
Bank
in
Pennsilvania
or
New
Jersey
,
and
there
tender
a
particular
of
our
Lands
and
Houses
,
and
how
occupied
or
tennanted
,
being
worth
3000
l.
in
Pennsilvania
or
New-Jersey
,
and
desire
them
to
lend
us
2000
l.
and
we
will
Mortgage
our
Land
&
Houses
for
it
;
the
answer
will
be
,
We
will
send
to
the
Register's
Office
your
particular
,
and
at
the
return
of
the
Messenger
you
shall
have
your
answer
:
The
Registers
send
answer
,
it
is
our
Lands
and
Houses
,
and
occupied
,
and
tenanted
,
and
valued
according
to
the
particular
,
there
needs
no
more
words
but
to
tell
us
the
Money
,
with
which
we
carry
on
the
Trade
briskly
,
to
the
great
benefit
and
advantage
of
some
hundreds
of
People
that
we
set
to
work
,
and
to
the
supplying
of
the
Inhabitants
with
Cloth
made
of
Flax
,
grown
,
drest
,
spun
and
wove
in
our
own
Provinces
;
which
Trade
we
could
not
mannage
and
carry
on
without
this
credit
,
but
having
this
credit
,
we
go
on
with
our
Trade
comfortably
,
and
the
Lender
will
have
his
ends
answered
,
and
his
Moneys
well
secured
.
And
its
certain
,
such
an
Anchorage
,
Fund
,
and
Foundation
,
will
then
bring
out
the
Monyes
unimployed
from
all
Persons
in
these
Provinces
,
even
People
of
all
degrees
will
put
in
their
Monyes
,
which
will
be
put
out
again
into
Trade
to
Merchants
,
and
such
as
stand
in
need
of
ready
Monyes
;
and
thereby
Trade
is
made
easie
,
and
much
convenienced
.
Suppose
ten
Families
purchase
in
Pennsilvania
or
New-Jersey
five
thousand
Acres
of
Land
,
and
they
lay
out
a
small
Township
in
the
middle
of
it
,
for
the
conveniency
of
neighbourhood
,
to
each
Family
one
hundred
Acres
for
Houses
,
Gardens
,
Orchards
,
Corn-fields
and
Pastures
of
English
Grass
,
the
remainder
to
lie
in
common
,
to
feed
their
Ca●tel
;
and
suppose
that
by
that
time
they
have
built
their
dwelling
Houses
,
Cow-houses
,
Barnes
,
and
other
Out-houses
,
and
have
made
Inclosures
about
their
home-lots
,
that
their
Monyes
is
all
expended
,
and
without
a
further
supply
to
buy
Oxen
and
Horses
to
plow
their
Land
,
and
Cows
to
find
their
Families
in
Milk
,
Butter
and
Cheese
,
and
Sows
to
breed
a
stock
on
,
they
will
live
but
meanly
for
some
time
,
therefore
to
amend
their
condition
they
come
to
the
Bank
,
and
there
tender
a
particular
of
their
Lands
,
valued
to
be
worth
1500
l.
on
which
they
desire
to
take
up
1000
l.
to
purchase
a
Stock
of
Oxen
,
Horses
,
Cows
,
Sows
,
Sheep
and
Servants
,
by
which
they
will
be
enabled
to
carry
on
their
Husbandry
to
great
advantage
,
and
the
benefit
of
the
Province
in
general
;
and
it
may
be
that
in
two
or
three-years
time
,
they
may
be
able
to
pay
in
this
Money
,
with
Interest
,
to
the
owner
;
and
in
two
or
three
years
more
may
be
able
to
bring
into
the
Bank
,
to
be
lent
out
to
others
,
one
thousand
pounds
of
their
own
Estates
.
As
to
the
benefit
of
publick
Granaries
on
Delaware
River
,
to
keep
the
Corn
for
all
Merchants
,
Bakers
and
Farmers
that
please
to
send
it
thither
,
that
so
the
destruction
and
damages
occasioned
by
Rats
and
Mice
,
may
be
prevented
.
In
this
Granary
,
Corn
at
all
times
may
be
taken
in
,
from
all
Persons
that
please
to
send
it
,
and
the
Corn
so
sent
may
be
preserved
sweet
,
safe
,
and
in
good
Order
,
at
a
small
charge
for
a
whole
year
,
and
the
owner
at
liberty
to
take
it
out
at
his
own
will
and
pleasure
,
or
to
sell
,
transfer
or
assign
any
part
of
the
said
Corn
to
any
Person
or
Persons
for
the
payment
of
his
Debts
,
or
to
furnish
himself
with
Clothing
,
or
other
Necessaries
from
the
Merchant
;
and
the
Granary-keepers
to
give
good
security
that
all
things
should
be
faithfully
done
&
discharged
.
Now
the
Corn
being
brought
into
the
publick
Granary
,
and
there
registred
in
the
Register-Book
,
to
be
kept
for
that
purpose
;
and
the
Person
that
hath
put
in
the
said
Corn
,
taking
a
Note
under
hand
and
seal
,
from
the
Granary-Register
,
of
the
quantity
of
Corn
brought
into
the
Granary
,
with
the
time
it
was
delivered
,
and
the
matter
and
kind
of
the
Corn
,
then
these
Advantages
will
ensue
:
First
,
Preservation
from
the
Rats
and
Mice
,
Straw
to
supply
his
Cattel
,
the
Chaff
for
his
Horses
,
and
the
light
Corn
to
feed
his
Pigs
and
Poultry
;
his
Husbandry
mannaged
with
rule
and
order
to
his
advantage
;
no
forc'd
haste
,
but
thrashing
and
carrying
the
Corn
to
the
Granary
in
times
wherein
his
servants
have
leisure
;
so
in
seeding
time
&
harvest
all
People
are
freed
from
that
.
Besides
,
there
being
at
all
times
sufficient
quantities
of
Corn
in
the
Granaries
to
load
Ships
,
Merchants
from
Barbadoes
and
other
places
,
will
come
to
buy
Corn
;
of
one
Farmer
he
may
buy
one
hundred
Bushels
,
of
another
fifty
,
and
so
he
may
buy
the
Corn
that
belongs
to
sixty
or
eighty
Farmers
,
and
receive
their
Notes
which
they
had
from
the
Granary-Office
,
which
Corn
he
letteth
lie
in
the
Granary
until
he
have
occasion
to
use
it
,
then
he
orders
his
Baker
to
go
with
those
notes
to
the
Granary-Office
,
and
receive
such
quantities
as
he
hath
a
mind
shall
be
made
into
Flower
and
Bisket
,
which
the
Baker
does
accordingly
,
and
gets
it
packt
up
in
Casks
,
and
sent
to
Barbadoes
;
the
remainder
,
if
he
please
,
he
may
full
to
some
other
Merchant
that
lives
at
Barbadoes
;
or
some
other
place
,
and
when
sold
,
may
deliver
the
said
Merchant
the
Notes
on
the
Granary-Office
,
at
sight
whereof
they
may
receive
their
Corn
,
if
they
please
,
or
they
may
pass
those
Notes
from
one
to
another
,
as
often
as
they
please
,
which
is
all
one
as
Money
,
the
Corn
being
lodged
safe
,
and
kept
in
the
publick
Granary
,
will
be
the
occasion
of
imploying
much
of
the
Cash
of
Pennsilvania
and
New-Jersey
;
most
People
near
these
publick
Bank
Granaries
,
will
be
dealing
to
have
some
Corn
in
Bank-Credit
;
for
that
cannot
miss
of
finding
an
encrease
and
benefit
to
them
in
the
rise
of
Corn.
The
best
places
at
present
for
the
building
of
Granaries
,
are
,
I
suppose
,
Burlington
in
West-Jersey
,
Philadelphia
and
New-Castle
in
Pennsilvania
,
and
New
Perth
in
East-Jersey
,
which
places
are
excellently
situated
,
there
being
many
Navigable
Rivers
,
whereby
Trade
is
very
communicable
,
and
the
Corn
may
be
brought
in
Boats
and
Sloops
from
most
places
now
inhabited
,
by
water
to
these
publick
Granaries
,
for
small
charge
,
and
from
the
Granaries
may
be
carried
to
Water-Mills
to
grind
,
which
are
some
of
them
so
conveniently
situated
,
that
Boats
may
come
to
the
Mill-Tayl
,
which
is
also
a
great
conveniency
to
those
that
trade
much
in
Corn.
Now
I
will
demonstrate
,
and
shew
you
the
length
,
breadth
and
heighth
the
Granaries
ought
to
be
of
,
to
hold
this
Corn
;
as
also
the
Charge
of
building
one
of
them
,
and
the
way
how
it
should
be
built
for
the
best
advantage
,
with
the
way
of
ordering
and
managing
the
Corn
that
it
may
keep
good
,
sweet
and
clean
,
eight
or
ten
Years
.
The
Granaries
must
be
three
hundred
Foot
long
,
eighten
Foot
wide
betwixt
inside
and
inside
,
seven
Stories
high
,
each
Story
seven
Foot
high
,
all
to
be
built
of
good
well
burnt
Brick
,
and
laid
in
Lime
and
Sand
very
well
;
the
ends
of
the
Granaries
must
be
set
North
and
South
,
so
the
sides
will
be
East
and
West
;
and
in
the
sides
of
the
Granaries
,
there
must
be
large
Windows
to
open
and
shut
close
,
that
when
the
Wind
blows
at
West
,
the
Windows
may
be
laid
open
,
and
then
the
Granary
man
will
be
turning
and
winding
the
Corn
,
and
all
Filth
and
Dross
will
be
blown
out
at
the
Window
.
When
the
Weather
is
fair
,
then
throw
open
the
VVindows
,
to
let
in
the
Air
to
the
Corn
;
and
in
the
middle
,
there
must
be
Stoves
to
be
kept
with
Fire
in
them
in
all
moist
or
wet
times
,
or
at
going
away
of
great
Frosts
and
Snows
,
to
prevent
moistness
either
in
the
Brick-walls
,
Timber
,
Boards
or
Corn.
There
must
be
in
each
side
of
the
Granaries
,
three
or
four
long
Troughs
or
Spouts
fixt
in
the
uppermost
Loft
,
which
must
run
about
twenty
Foot
out
of
the
Granary
;
and
in
fine
VVeather
,
the
Granary
men
must
be
throwing
the
Corn
out
of
the
uppermost
Loft
,
and
so
it
will
fall
into
another
Spout
made
ten
Foot
wide
at
the
top
,
and
through
that
Spout
the
Corn
descends
into
the
lowermost
Loft
,
and
then
wound
up
on
the
inside
of
the
Granary
,
by
a
Crane
fixt
for
that
purpose
,
and
the
Corn
receiving
the
benefit
of
the
Air
,
falling
down
thirty
Foot
before
it
comes
into
the
second
Spout
,
cleanseth
it
from
its
filth
and
Chaff
;
these
Spouts
are
to
be
taken
off
and
on
,
as
occasion
requires
,
and
to
be
fixt
to
another
of
the
Lofts
,
that
when
Vessels
come
to
load
Corn
,
they
may
through
these
Spouts
convey
the
Corn
into
the
Boats
or
Sloops
,
without
any
thing
of
Labour
,
by
carrying
it
on
the
Backs
of
men
.
The
charge
of
one
Granary
three
Hundred
Foot
long
,
eighteen
Foot
wide
,
seven
Stories
high
,
seven
Foot
betwixt
each
Story
,
being
built
with
Brick
in
England
,
as
by
the
Account
of
Andrew
Yarenton
,
take
as
followeth
;
Six
hundred
thousand
of
Bricks
builds
a
Granary
,
two
Bricks
and
a
half
thick
the
two
first
Stories
,
two
Bricks
thick
the
three
next
Stories
,
Brick
and
a
half
thick
the
two
uppermost
Stories
;
and
the
Brick
will
be
made
and
delivered
on
the
Place
for
eight
Shillings
the
Thousand
,
the
laying
of
Brick
three
Shillings
the
Thousand
,
Lime
and
Sand
two
Shillings
the
Thousand
;
so
Brick-laying
,
Lime
and
Sand
will
be
thirteen
Shillings
the
Thousand
,
one
hundred
and
fifty
Tuns
of
Oak
for
Summers-Joists
and
Roof
,
170
l.
Boards
for
the
six
Stories
,
sixty
thousand
Foot
,
at
13
s.
4
d.
The
one
hundred
Foot
and
ten
thousand
Foot
for
Window-Doors
and
Spouts
at
the
same
rate
,
48
l.
Laths
and
Tiles
100
l.
Carpenters
work
70
l.
Iron
,
Nails
,
and
odd
things
60
l.
So
the
charge
of
a
Granary
will
be
800
l.
There
will
be
kept
in
this
Granary
fourteen
thousand
Quarters
of
Corn
,
which
is
two
thousand
Quarters
in
every
Loft
,
which
will
be
a
thousand
Bushels
in
every
Bay
;
six
labouring
men
,
with
one
Clerk
,
will
be
sufficient
to
manage
this
Granary
,
to
turn
and
wind
the
Corn
,
and
keep
the
Books
of
Accounts
;
fifteen
pounds
a
piece
allowed
to
the
six
men
,
and
thirty
pound
a
year
to
the
Clark
or
Register
,
will
be
Wages
sufficient
;
so
the
Servants
Wages
will
be
120
l.
per
annum
,
allow
ten
in
the
hundred
for
Monies
laid
out
for
building
the
Granaries
,
which
is
80
l.
so
the
charge
will
be
yearly
200
l.
Now
if
the
Country-man
pay
six
pence
a
Quarter
yearly
for
keeping
his
Corn
safe
and
sweet
in
the
Granary
,
fourteen
thousand
Quarters
will
come
to
350
l.
for
Granary-Rent
yearly
.
Admit
I
have
a
Propriety
of
Land
in
Pennsilvania
or
New-Jersey
,
either
place
then
alloweth
me
to
take
up
five
thousand
Acres
,
with
Town
or
City-Lots
,
upon
condition
that
I
settle
ten
Families
on
it
,
therefore
I
send
over
ten
Families
of
honest
industrous
People
,
the
charge
of
each
Family
is
100
l.
as
by
the
account
of
particulars
appears
,
as
followeth
.
l.
s.
d.
For
one
hundred
Acres
of
Land
,
—
05
—
00
—
00
For
the
Passage
of
the
Family
,
five
persons
,
—
25
—
00
—
00
For
fresh
provisions
to
use
on
Ship-board
,
over
and
above
the
Ships
allowance
,
as
Rice
,
Oatmeal
,
Flower
,
Butter
,
Sugar
,
Brandy
,
and
some
odd
things
more
,
which
I
leave
to
the
discretion
of
those
that
go
,
—
05
—
00
—
00
For
3
hundred
weight
of
six
penny
,
eight
penny
and
ten
penny
Nails
,
to
be
used
on
sides
and
Roof
of
the
House
,
—
05
—
00
—
00
For
a
Share
and
Coulter
,
a
Plow-Chain
,
2
Sythes
,
4
Sickles
,
a
horse
Collar
,
some
Cordage
for
Harness
,
2
Stock
Locks
,
2
weeding
Hoes
,
2
grubbing
Hoes
,
one
cross-cut
Saw
,
2
Iron
Wedges
,
1
Iron
Pot
,
1
frying
Pan
,
2
falling
Axes
,
1
broad
Ax
,
1
Spade
,
1
Hatchet
,
1
Fro
to
cleave
Clapboard
,
Shingle
and
Coopers
Timber
,
—
05
—
00
—
0
For
Portridge
,
Custom-house
charge
and
ftraight
,
&c.
on
the
goods
,
—
02
—
00
—
00
For
Insurance
of
the
one
hundred
pound
03
—
00
—
00
In
all
50
—
00
—
00
The
remaining
fifty
Pounds
may
do
well
to
lay
out
in
these
goods
,
which
are
the
most
vendable
in
the
Country
,
viz.
l.
s.
d.
Ten
pieces
of
Serge
,
at
20
—
00
—
00
Six
pieces
of
narrow
blow
Linnen
,
containing
about
seven
hundred
Yards
,
05
—
00
—
00
200
Ells
of
brown
Ossembrigs
,
at
about
07
—
10
—
00
Half
a
piece
of
three
quarters
Dowlis
,
03
—
10
—
00
Three
pieces
of
coulered
Linnen
02
—
10
—
00
Two
pieces
of
Yorkshire
Kerseys
,
04
—
00
—
00
One
piece
of
red
Peniston
,
above
40
yards
,
at
18
d
,
per
Yard
,
—
03
—
00
—
00
One
piece
of
Demity
,
00
—
15
—
00
In
Buttons
and
Silk
,
Tape
and
Thred
suitable
to
the
Clothes
,
03
—
15
—
00
In
All
50
—
00
—
00
And
when
you
come
into
the
Country
,
you
may
lay
out
the
above-mentioned
goods
to
purchase
a
stock
of
Cattel
and
Provisions
,
&c.
which
for
goods
at
the
first
cost
in
England
,
will
buy
at
the
prices
under-mentioned
,
viz.
l.
s.
d.
One
pair
of
working
Oxen
,
at
60
—
00
—
00
One
Mare
3
l.
and
four
Cows
and
Calves
,
12
l.
15
—
00
—
00
One
Bull
2
l.
ten
Ewes
3
l.
10
s.
05
—
10
—
00
Four
breeding
Sows
,
and
one
Boor
,
04
—
00
—
00
One
fat
Ox
to
kill
for
winter
Provisions
,
03
—
10
—
00
400
pound
of
Pork
,
at
3
half
pence
per
pound
,
02
—
10
—
00
24
pound
of
Butter
,
at
4
d.
per
pound
,
00
—
08
—
00
One
Barrel
of
salted
Fish
,
00
—
10
—
00
One
Barrel
of
Malassas
to
make
Beer
,
01
—
08
—
00
40
Bushels
of
Indian
Corn
,
at
1
s.
8
d.
per
Bushel
,
03
—
06
—
08
20
Bushels
of
Rye
,
at
2
s.
per
Bushel
,
02
—
00
—
00
20
Bushels
of
Wheat
,
at
3
s.
per
Bushel
,
03
—
00
—
00
6
Bushels
of
Pease
and
Indian
Beans
,
per
Bushel
,
00
—
08
—
00
2
Bushels
of
Salt
,
at
2
s.
per
Bushel
,
00
—
04
—
00
50
pound
of
Cheese
of
the
Country-making
,
at
3
d.
per
pound
,
00
—
12
—
06
12
pound
of
Candles
,
at
5
d.
per
pound
,
00
—
05
—
00
In
Sugar
,
Spice
,
and
other
things
,
00
—
17
—
10
In
All
50
—
00
—
00
Note
,
That
the
above-mentioned
Prices
is
for
goods
at
first
cost
in
England
,
which
in
Country
Money
would
be
something
above
one
third
higher
,
viz.
a
Cow
and
Calf
valued
in
goods
at
first
cost
at
3
l.
is
worth
in
Country
Money
5
l.
and
other
things
advance
much
after
the
same
proportion
.
My
five
thousand
Acres
of
Land
cost
me
100
l.
I
had
of
the
ten
Families
for
the
one
thousand
Acres
disposed
of
to
them
50
l.
my
Town
or
City
Lots
will
yield
me
currant
50
l.
by
which
it
appears
I
am
nothing
out
on
the
four
thousand
Acres
that
is
left
.
I
get
my
five
thousand
Acres
surveyed
and
laid
out
to
me
,
out
of
which
I
lay
out
for
the
ten
Families
one
thousand
Acres
,
which
may
be
so
divided
,
as
that
each
family
may
live
near
one
to
the
other
;
I
intend
with
them
to
let
the
Money
lie
in
their
hands
six
years
,
for
which
they
to
pay
me
each
family
,
8
l
a
year
,
in
consideration
of
the
one
hundred
pound
a
family
laid
out
for
them
,
and
at
the
expiration
of
the
six
years
,
they
to
pay
me
my
1000
l.
viz.
each
family
100
l.
as
by
agreement
;
my
Money
being
paid
me
,
I
am
unwilling
to
let
it
lie
dead
,
therefore
I
lay
out
in
the
middle
of
my
Land
one
thousand
Acres
,
which
I
divide
into
ten
lots
,
in
form
and
manner
as
▪
before
then
I
intend
,
with
fifty
Servants
to
serve
me
four
years
a
piece
,
I
place
them
on
the
Land
,
viz.
five
on
each
lot
.
Their
Passage
,
and
in
goods
to
purchase
Cattel
and
Provisions
,
&c.
is
to
each
five
servants
100
l.
as
before
is
explained
:
Now
I
order
a
House
to
be
built
,
and
Orchards
,
Gardens
and
Inclosures
to
be
made
,
and
Husbandry
affairs
to
be
carried
on
on
each
lot
;
so
that
at
the
four
years
end
as
the
servants
time
is
expired
,
I
shall
have
ten
Farms
,
each
containing
four
hundred
Acres
;
for
the
one
thousand
Acres
being
laid
out
in
the
middle
of
my
Land
,
the
remaining
three
thousand
Acres
joyns
to
it
.
My
servants
time
being
expired
,
I
am
willing
to
see
what
charge
I
am
out
upon
these
ten
Farms
and
Stock
,
in
order
to
know
what
I
have
gain'd
in
the
ten
years
past
,
over
and
above
8
l.
per
Cent.
Interest
,
that
is
allowed
me
for
the
use
of
my
Money
:
I
am
out
by
the
first
charge
1000
l.
&
the
Interest
thereof
for
four
years
,
at
8
l.
per
Cent.
is
for
the
four
years
320
l.
so
that
the
whole
charge
on
the
ten
Farms
,
Principal
&
Interest
,
comes
to
1300
l.
Now
if
I
value
my
ten
Farms
but
at
400
l.
each
,
which
is
20
s.
per
Acre
,
one
with
another
;
then
the
whole
will
be
4000
l.
besides
the
first
Stock
of
Cattel
and
Hogs
,
&c
to
each
Plantation
,
with
its
Increase
for
four
years
,
which
Stock
cost
at
first
to
each
Farm
30
l.
in
goods
at
first
cost
,
but
is
worth
40
l.
sterling
,
at
which
rate
the
Stock
on
the
ten
Farms
cost
400
l.
and
if
we
account
the
four
years
Increase
to
be
no
more
than
the
first
Stock
,
yet
that
is
400
l.
by
which
it
appears
that
the
ten
Farms
,
and
the
stock
on
them
is
worth
4800
l.
out
of
which
deduct
the
Money
laid
out
,
which
with
Interest
is
1320
l.
So
the
the
Neat
profit
,
besides
8
l.
per
Cent.
allowed
for
Interest
,
is
for
this
ten
years
improvement
,
3480
l.
and
twenty
Families
set
at
liberty
from
that
extream
Slavery
that
attended
them
,
by
reason
of
great
Poverty
that
they
endured
in
England
,
and
must
have
so
continued
,
had
not
they
been
thus
redeemed
by
coming
into
America
.
It
may
be
thought
that
this
is
too
great
an
undertaking
for
one
man
,
which
if
it
be
,
then
I
propose
that
ten
joyn
together
in
this
community
,
and
each
man
send
over
five
Servants
,
of
which
let
one
of
them
be
an
honest
man
that
understands
Country
business
,
as
an
Overseer
,
which
if
we
allow
him
over
and
above
his
Passage
and
Diet
20
l.
a
year
for
his
four
years
service
,
this
amounts
to
80
l.
which
is
for
the
ten
farms
800
l.
which
being
deducted
out
of
the
3480
l.
there
only
remains
2680
l.
clear
profit
to
the
ten
men
,
which
is
for
each
man
268
l.
for
his
ten
years
improvement
of
his
100
l.
and
his
100
l.
back
again
with
Interest
for
all
the
time
at
8
l
per
Cent.
per
annum
,
the
whole
producing
448
l.
for
his
100
l.
first
laid
out
.
Some
may
object
,
and
say
,
They
cannot
believe
the
Land
of
each
farm
,
with
its
Improvements
,
will
sell
at
20
s.
an
Acre
,
that
is
,
at
twelve
years
purchase
1
s.
8
d.
per
Acre
per
annum
.
because
three
hundred
Acres
of
it
is
as
it
was
,
viz.
Rough
Woods
.
I
Answer
;
That
although
it
be
so
,
yet
these
Woods
are
made
valuable
by
the
twenty
Families
that
are
seated
near
them
,
the
first
ten
families
having
been
settled
ten
years
,
the
last
four
years
;
for
some
are
willing
to
have
their
Children
live
near
them
;
and
and
they
having
but
one
hundred
Acres
in
all
,
it
will
not
be
will
to
divide
that
,
therefore
they
will
give
a
good
price
for
one
hundred
Acres
,
to
settle
a
Child
upon
,
to
live
by
them
,
as
experience
sheweth
;
for
in
Rhode-Island
,
which
is
not
far
from
us
,
Land
rough
in
the
Woods
,
not
better
than
ours
,
will
sell
at
40
s.
an
Acre
,
which
is
3
s.
4
d
per
Acre
per
annum
.
Therefore
,
Reader
,
I
hope
now
thou
art
convinced
that
there
is
a
probability
that
what
I
here
inform
thee
of
,
will
prove
true
,
casualties
of
Fire
,
&c.
excepted
.
The
Indians
are
but
few
in
Number
,
and
have
been
very
serviceable
to
us
by
selling
us
Venison
,
Indian
Corn
,
Pease
and
Beans
,
Fish
and
Fowl
,
Buck
Skins
,
Beaver
,
Otter
,
and
other
Skins
and
Furs
;
the
Men
hunt
,
Fish
and
Fowl
,
and
the
Women
plant
the
Corn
,
and
carry
Burthens
;
they
are
many
of
them
of
a
good
Understanding
,
considering
their
Education
;
and
in
their
publick
Meetings
of
Business
,
they
have
excellent
Order
,
one
speaking
after
another
,
and
while
one
is
speaking
all
the
rest
keep
silent
,
and
do
not
so
much
as
whisper
one
to
the
other
:
We
had
several
Meetings
with
them
,
one
was
in
order
to
put
down
the
sale
of
Rum
,
Brandy
,
and
other
strong
Liquors
to
them
,
they
being
a
People
that
have
not
Government
of
themselves
,
so
as
to
drink
it
in
moderation
,
at
which
time
there
were
eight
Kings
,
(
&
many
other
Indians
)
one
of
the
was
Ockanickon
,
whose
dying
Words
I
writ
from
his
Mouth
,
which
you
shall
have
in
its
order
.
The
Indian
Kings
sate
on
a
Form
,
and
we
sate
on
another
over
against
them
;
they
had
prepared
four
Belts
of
Wampum
,
(
so
their
current
Money
is
called
,
being
Black
and
White
Beads
made
of
a
Fish
Shell
)
to
give
us
as
Seals
of
the
Covenant
they
made
with
us
;
one
of
the
Kings
by
the
consent
and
appointment
of
the
rest
stood
up
and
made
this
following
Speech
;
The
strong
Liquors
was
first
sold
us
by
the
Dutch
,
and
they
were
blind
,
they
had
no
Eyes
,
they
did
not
see
that
it
was
for
our
hurt
;
and
the
next
People
that
came
amongst
us
,
were
the
Sweeds
,
who
continued
the
sale
of
those
strong
Liquors
to
us
:
they
were
also
Blind
,
they
had
no
Eyes
,
they
did
not
see
it
to
be
hurtful
to
us
to
drink
it
,
although
we
know
it
to
be
hurtful
to
us
;
but
if
People
will
sell
it
us
,
we
are
so
in
love
with
it
,
that
we
cannot
forbear
it
;
when
we
drink
it
,
it
makes
us
mad
;
we
do
not
know
what
we
do
,
we
then
abuse
one
another
;
we
throw
each
other
into
the
Fire
,
seven
Score
of
our
People
have
been
killed
,
by
reason
of
the
drinking
of
it
,
since
the
time
it
was
first
sold
us
:
Those
People
that
sell
it
,
they
are
blind
,
they
have
no
Eyes
,
but
now
there
is
a
People
come
to
live
amongst
us
,
that
have
Eyes
,
they
see
it
to
be
for
our
Hurt
,
and
we
know
it
to
be
for
our
Hurt
:
They
are
willing
to
deny
themselves
of
the
Profit
of
it
for
our
good
;
these
People
have
Eyes
;
we
are
glad
such
a
People
are
come
amongst
us
.
We
must
put
it
down
by
mutual
consent
;
the
Cask
must
be
sealed
up
,
it
must
be
made
fast
,
it
must
not
leak
by
Day
nor
by
Night
,
in
the
Light
,
nor
in
the
Dark
,
and
we
give
you
these
four
Belts
of
Wampam
,
which
we
would
have
you
lay
up
safe
,
and
keep
by
you
to
be
Witness
of
this
Agreement
that
we
make
with
you
,
and
we
would
have
you
tell
your
Children
,
that
these
four
Belts
of
Wampam
are
given
you
to
be
Witness
bet
wixt
us
and
you
of
this
Agreement
.
A
Letter
from
New-Jersey
in
America
to
a
Friend
in
London
.
Dear
Friend
;
I
Having
this
short
opportunity
,
have
nothing
to
present
thee
with
,
but
the
Dying-Words
of
an
Indian
King
,
who
died
in
Burlington
,
and
was
buried
amongst
Friends
according
to
his
desire
;
and
at
his
Burial
many
Tears
were
shed
both
by
the
Innians
and
English
;
so
in
Love
,
and
great
haste
,
I
rest
thy
Friend
,
John
Cripps
.
The
Dying-Words
of
Ockanichon
,
spoken
to
Jachkursoe
,
whom
he
appointed
King
after
him
,
spoken
in
the
Presence
of
several
,
who
were
Eye
and
Ear
Witnesses
of
the
Truth
thereof
.
IT
was
my
desire
,
that
my
Brother's
Son
,
Jahkursoe
should
be
sent
for
to
come
to
me
to
hear
my
last
Words
,
whom
I
have
appointed
King
after
me
.
My
Brother's
Son
,
this
day
I
deliver
my
Heart
into
thy
Bosom
,
and
would
have
thee
love
that
which
is
Good
,
and
to
keep
good
Company
,
and
to
refuse
that
which
is
Evil
;
and
to
avoid
bad
Company
.
Now
inasmuch
as
I
have
delivered
my
Heart
into
thy
Bosom
I
also
deliver
my
Bosom
to
keep
my
Heart
therein
;
therefore
alwayes
be
sure
to
walk
in
a
good
Path
,
and
never
depart
out
of
it
.
And
if
any
Indians
should
speak
any
evil
of
Indians
or
Christians
,
do
not
joyn
with
it
,
but
to
look
to
that
which
is
Good
,
and
to
joyn
with
the
same
alwayes
.
Look
at
the
Sun
from
the
Rising
of
it
to
the
Setting
of
the
same
.
In
Speeches
that
shall
be
made
between
the
Indians
and
Christians
,
if
any
thing
be
spoke
that
is
evil
,
do
not
joyn
with
that
,
but
joyn
with
that
which
is
good
;
and
when
Speeches
are
made
,
do
not
thou
speak
first
,
but
let
all
speak
before
thee
,
and
take
good
notice
what
each
man
speaks
,
and
when
thou
hast
heard
all
,
joyn
to
that
which
is
good
.
Brother's
Son
,
I
would
have
thee
to
cleanse
thy
Ears
,
and
take
all
Darkness
and
Foulness
out
,
that
thou
mayst
take
notice
of
that
which
is
Good
and
Evil
,
and
then
to
joyn
with
that
which
is
Good
,
and
refuse
the
Evil
;
and
also
to
cleanse
thy
Eyes
,
that
thou
mayest
see
both
Good
and
Evil
;
and
if
thou
see
and
Evil
,
do
not
joyn
with
it
,
but
joyn
to
that
which
is
Good.
Brother's
Son
,
Thou
hast
heard
all
that
is
past
;
now
I
would
have
thee
to
stand
up
in
time
of
Speeches
,
and
to
stand
in
my
Steps
,
and
follow
my
Speeches
as
I
have
said
before
thee
,
then
what
thou
dost
desire
in
Reason
will
be
granted
thee
.
Why
shouldst
thou
not
follow
my
Example
,
inasmuch
as
I
have
had
a
mind
to
do
that
which
is
Good
,
and
therefore
do
thou
also
the
same
?
Whereas
Sehoppy
and
Swanpis
were
appointed
Kings
by
me
in
my
stead
,
and
I
understanding
by
my
Doctor
,
that
Sehoppy
secretly
advised
him
not
to
cure
me
,
and
they
both
being
with
me
at
John
Hollinshead's
House
,
there
I
my self
see
by
them
that
they
were
given
more
to
Drink
,
than
to
take
notice
of
my
last
Words
,
for
I
had
a
mind
to
make
a
Speech
to
them
,
and
to
my
Breathren
the
English
Commissioners
,
therefore
I
refused
them
to
be
Kings
after
me
in
my
stead
,
and
have
chosen
my
Brother's
Son
Jahkurosoe
in
their
stead
to
succeed
me
.
Brother's
Son
,
I
desire
thee
to
be
plain
and
fair
with
all
,
both
Indians
and
Christians
,
as
I
have
been
.
I
am
very
weak
,
otherwise
I
would
have
spoken
more
;
and
in
Testimony
of
the
Truth
of
this
,
I
have
hereunto
set
my
Hand
.
The
Mark
ʒ
of
Ockanickon
,
King
,
now
deceased
.
Henry
Jacob
●akkinbery
,
Intrepreter
.
Friendly
Reader
,
when
Ockanickon
had
given
his
Brothers
Son
this
good
Consel
,
I
thought
meet
to
speak
unto
him
as
followeth
;
There
is
a
great
God
,
who
Created
all
thing
,
and
this
God
giveth
Man
an
understanding
of
what
is
Good
,
and
what
is
Bad
,
and
after
this
Life
rewardeth
the
Good
with
Blessings
,
and
the
Bad
according
to
their
Doings
;
to
which
he
answered
and
said
,
It
is
very
true
,
it
is
so
,
there
are
two
Wayes
,
a
broad
Way
,
and
a
strait
Way
;
there
be
two
Paths
,
a
broad
Path
and
a
strait
Path
;
the
worst
,
and
the
greatest
Number
go
in
the
broad
Path
,
the
best
and
fewest
go
in
the
strait
Path.
T.
B.
Something
in
Relation
to
a
Conference
had
with
the
Indians
at
Burlington
,
shortly
after
we
came
into
the
Country
.
THe
Indians
told
us
,
they
were
advised
to
make
War
on
us
,
and
cut
us
off
whilst
we
were
but
few
,
and
said
,
They
were
told
,
that
we
sold
them
the
Small-Pox
,
with
the
Mach
Coat
they
had
bought
of
us
,
which
caused
our
People
to
be
in
Fears
and
Jealousies
concerning
them
;
therefore
we
sent
for
the
Indian
Kings
,
to
speak
with
them
,
who
with
many
more
Indians
,
came
to
Burlington
,
where
we
had
Conference
with
them
about
the
matter
,
therefore
told
them
,
That
we
came
amongst
them
by
their
own
consent
,
and
had
bought
the
Land
of
them
,
for
which
we
had
honestly
paid
them
for
,
and
for
vvhat
Commodities
vve
had
bought
at
any
time
of
them
,
vve
had
paid
them
for
,
and
had
been
just
to
them
,
and
had
been
from
the
time
of
our
first
coming
very
kind
and
respectful
to
them
,
therefore
vve
knevv
no
Reason
that
they
had
to
make
War
on
us
;
to
vvhich
one
of
them
,
in
the
behalf
of
the
rest
,
made
this
follovving
Speech
in
ansvver
,
saying
,
Our
Young
Men
may
speak
such
Words
as
vve
do
not
like
,
nor
approve
of
,
and
vve
cannot
help
that
:
And
some
of
your
Young
Men
may
speak
such
Words
as
you
do
not
like
,
and
you
cannot
help
that
.
We
are
your
Brothers
,
and
intend
to
live
like
Brothers
with
you
:
We
have
no
mind
to
have
War
,
for
when
vve
have
War
,
vve
are
only
Skin
and
Bones
;
the
Meat
that
vve
eat
doth
not
do
us
good
,
vve
alvvayes
are
in
fear
,
vve
have
not
the
benefit
of
the
Sun
to
shine
on
us
,
vve
hide
us
in
Holes
and
Corners
;
vve
are
minded
to
live
at
Peace
:
If
vve
intend
at
any
time
to
make
War
upon
you
,
vve
vvill
let
you
knovv
of
it
,
and
the
Reasons
vvhy
vve
make
War
vvith
you
;
and
if
you
make
us
satisfaction
for
the
Injury
done
us
,
for
vvhich
the
War
is
intended
,
then
vve
vvill
not
make
War
on
you
.
And
if
you
intend
at
any
time
to
make
War
on
us
,
vve
vvould
have
you
let
us
knovv
of
it
,
and
the
Reasons
for
vvhich
you
make
VVar
on
us
,
and
then
if
vve
do
not
make
satisfaction
for
the
Injury
done
unto
you
,
then
you
may
make
VVar
on
us
,
othervvise
you
ought
not
to
do
it
.
You
are
our
Brothers
,
and
vve
are
vvilling
to
live
like
Brothers
vvith
you
:
We
are
willing
to
have
a
broad
Path
for
you
and
us
to
walk
in
,
and
if
an
Indian
is
asleep
in
this
Path
,
the
English-man
is
asleep
in
this
path
,
the
Indian
shall
pass
him
by
,
and
say
,
He
is
an
English-man
,
he
is
asleep
,
let
him
alone
,
he
loves
to
Sleep
.
It
shall
be
a
plain
Path
,
there
must
not
be
in
this
path
a
stump
to
hurt
our
feet
.
And
as
to
the
Small-Pox
,
it
was
once
in
my
Grandfathers
time
,
and
it
could
not
be
the
English
that
could
send
it
us
then
,
there
being
no
Engliish
in
the
Country
,
and
it
was
once
in
my
Fathers
time
,
they
could
not
send
it
us
then
neither
;
and
now
it
is
in
my
time
,
I
do
not
believe
that
they
have
sent
it
us
now
:
I
do
believe
it
is
the
Man
above
that
hath
sent
it
us
.
Some
are
apt
to
ask
,
How
we
can
propose
safely
to
live
amongst
such
a
Heathen
Poople
as
the
Indians
,
whose
Principles
and
Practices
leads
them
to
War
and
Bloodshed
and
our
Principles
and
Practices
leading
us
to
love
Enemies
,
and
if
reviled
,
not
to
revile
again
;
and
if
smitten
on
the
one
cheek
to
turn
the
other
,
and
we
being
a
peaceable
People
,
whose
Principles
and
Practices
are
against
Wars
and
Fightings
?
I
Answer
:
That
we
settled
by
the
Indians
consent
and
good
liking
,
and
bought
the
Land
of
them
,
that
we
〈…〉
,
which
they
conveyed
to
us
by
Deed
under
their
Hands
and
Seals
,
and
also
submitted
to
several
Articles
of
agreement
with
us
,
viz.
Not
to
do
us
any
Injury
;
but
if
it
should
so
happen
,
that
any
of
their
People
at
any
time
should
injure
or
do
harm
to
any
of
us
,
then
they
to
make
us
satisfaction
for
the
Injury
done
;
therefore
if
they
break
these
Covenants
and
Agreements
,
then
they
may
be
proceeded
against
as
other
Offendors
,
viz.
to
be
kept
in
subjection
to
the
Magistrates
Power
,
in
whose
hand
the
Sword
of
Justice
is
committed
to
be
used
by
him
,
for
the
punishment
of
Evil-doers
,
and
praise
of
them
that
do
well
;
therefore
I
do
believe
it
to
be
both
lawful
and
expedient
to
bring
Offendors
to
Justice
by
the
power
of
the
Magistrates
Sword
,
which
is
not
to
be
used
in
vain
,
but
may
be
used
against
such
as
raise
Rebellions
and
Insurrections
against
the
Government
of
the
Country
,
be
they
Indians
or
others
,
otherwise
it
is
in
vain
for
us
to
pretend
to
Magistracy
or
Government
,
it
being
that
which
we
own
to
be
lawful
both
in
Principle
and
Practice
.
Q.
Whether
there
be
no
Bears
,
Wolves
,
and
other
Ravenous
Beasts
in
the
Country
?
I
Answer
:
Yes
.
But
I
have
travell'd
alone
in
the
Country
some
hundreds
of
Miles
,
and
by
missing
of
my
way
have
lain
in
the
Woods
all
night
,
and
yet
I
never
saw
any
of
those
Creatures
,
nor
have
I
heard
that
ever
man
,
woman
or
child
were
hurt
by
them
,
they
being
afraid
of
Mankind
;
also
,
encouragement
is
given
to
both
Indians
and
others
to
kill
Wolves
,
they
being
paid
for
every
Wolfs
head
that
they
bring
to
the
Magistrate
,
the
value
of
ten
Shillings
;
and
the
Bears
the
Indians
kill
for
the
profit
of
their
Skins
,
and
sake
of
their
Flesh
,
which
they
eat
,
and
esteem
better
than
Deers
flesh
.
Q.
Whether
there
be
〈…〉
Snakes
,
more
especially
the
Rattle-Snake
?
Ans
.
Yes
,
but
not
many
Rattle-Snakes
,
and
they
are
easily
discovered
;
for
they
commonly
lie
in
the
Paths
for
the
benefit
of
the
Sun
,
&
if
any
Person
draws
nigh
them
,
they
shake
their
Tail
,
on
which
the
Rattles
grow
,
which
make
a
noise
like
a
childs
Rattle
;
I
never
heard
of
but
one
Person
bitten
in
Pennsilvania
or
New-Jersey
with
the
Rattle-Snake
,
and
he
was
helpt
of
it
by
live
Chickens
slit
assunder
and
apply'd
to
the
place
,
which
drew
out
the
Poyson
;
and
as
to
the
other
Snake
,
the
most
plentiful
is
a
black
Snake
,
its
bite
,
't
is
said
,
does
no
more
harm
than
the
prick
of
a
Pin.
I
have
mentioned
before
,
that
there
are
a
sort
of
troublesom
Flies
call'd
Musketoes
(
much
like
the
Gnats
in
England
)
in
the
lower
parts
of
the
Country
,
where
the
great
Marshes
are
,
but
in
the
upper
parts
of
the
Country
seldom
one
is
seen
.
There
are
Crows
and
Black-birds
which
may
be
accounted
▪
amongst
the
inconveniences
,
they
being
destructive
to
the
Indian
Corn
,
the
Crows
by
picking
up
the
Corn
just
as
its
appearing
in
the
〈…〉
above
ground
,
and
the
Black-birds
by
eating
,
it
in
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
if
not
prevented
by
looking
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
seldom
hurt
.
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
Persons
will
sit
do
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
build
;
for
they
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
Summer
,
but
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
;
for
those
that
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
Corn
,
Cattel
,
and
other
things
at
the
prices
mentioned
,
and
may
have
Houses
in
some
of
the
Towns
of
Pennsilvania
and
New-Jesey
on
Rent
,
until
they
build
for
themselves
,
and
Water-Mills
to
grind
their
Corn
,
which
are
such
conveniences
that
we
that
went
first
partly
missed
of
.
Thus
,
Kind
Reader
,
I
have
given
a
true
Description
of
Pennsilvania
and
New-Jersey
,
with
the
Rivers
and
Springs
Fish
and
Fowle
,
Beasts
,
Fruits
,
Plants
,
Corn
and
Commodities
that
it
doth
or
may
produce
,
with
several
other
things
needful
for
thee
to
know
,
as
vvell
Inconveniences
as
Conveniences
,
by
vvhich
I
keep
clear
of
that
just
Reflection
of
such
as
are
more
apt
to
see
faults
in
others
,
than
to
amend
them
in
themselves
.
T.
B.
WHereas
I
unadvisedly
published
in
Print
a
Paper
,
dated
the
13th
of
July
,
1685.
entituled
,
A
true
and
perfect
Account
of
the
disposal
of
the
one
hundred
Shares
or
Proprieties
of
the
Province
of
West
New-Jersey
,
by
Edward
Bylling
:
In
which
Paper
I
gave
an
Account
of
the
purchasers
Names
,
and
the
several
Proprieties
granted
to
them
,
part
of
which
I
took
from
the
Register
,
the
remainder
from
a
List
given
in
by
Edward
Bylling
,
to
the
Proprioters
,
as
mentioned
on
the
said
Paper
,
which
Paper
I
find
hath
proved
Injurious
to
the
aforesaid
Edward
Bylling
,
although
not
so
intended
by
me
.
Therefore
in
order
to
give
him
Satisfaction
,
and
all
others
that
are
concerned
,
I
do
acknowledge
he
hath
,
since
the
publishing
of
that
Paper
,
shewed
me
some
Deeds
,
wherein
he
hath
several
Proprieties
conveyed
back
to
him
again
,
from
the
original
Purchasers
and
Judge
,
he
may
make
good
Titles
to
the
same
.
A
Letter
by
Thomas
Budd
,
sent
to
his
Friends
in
Pennsilvania
and
New-Jersey
.
Dear
Friends
;
YOu
are
often
in
my
Remembrance
,
and
at
this
time
I
feel
the
tender
Bowels
of
our
heavenly
Father's
Love
flowing
in
my
Heart
towards
you
,
in
a
sence
of
those
great
Exercises
that
many
of
you
have
,
do
and
may
meet
vvithal
in
your
Spiritual
Travel
tovvards
the
Land
of
Promise
.
I
am
also
sensible
of
the
many
Exercises
and
invvard
Combats
that
many
of
you
met
vvithal
,
after
you
felt
an
inclination
in
your
Hearts
of
Transplanting
your selves
into
America
:
Oh
the
Breathing
and
servent
Prayers
,
and
earnest
Desires
that
vvere
in
your
Hearts
to
the
Lord
,
That
you
might
not
go
except
it
was
his
good
Pleasure
to
remove
you
,
for
a
purpose
of
his
own
:
This
you
earnestly
desired
to
be
satisfied
in
,
and
many
of
you
received
satisfaction
,
that
it
was
your
places
to
leave
your
Native
Country
,
Trades
,
and
near
and
dear
Relations
and
Friends
to
transplant
your selves
into
a
Wilderness
,
where
you
expected
to
meet
with
many
Tryals
and
Exercises
of
a
differing
kind
,
than
what
you
had
met
withal
in
your
Native
Country
;
but
this
you
contentedly
gave
up
to
,
but
not
without
earnest
desire
,
and
servent
Prayers
to
the
Lord
for
his
Wisdom
to
govern
you
,
and
his
Fatherly
Care
to
preserve
you
,
and
his
comfortable
presence
to
be
with
you
,
to
strengthen
and
enable
you
chearfuly
to
undergo
those
new
and
unaccustomed
Tryals
and
Exercises
,
that
you
were
sensible
would
attend
you
in
this
weighty
undertaking
,
the
Lord
heard
your
Prayers
,
and
answered
your
Desires
,
inasmuch
as
that
his
Fatherly
Care
was
over
you
,
and
his
living
Presence
did
accompany
you
over
the
great
Deep
;
so
that
you
saw
his
wonderful
Deliverence
,
and
in
a
sence
thereof
,
you
praised
his
Name
for
the
same
.
The
Lord
having
thus
far
answered
our
Souls
desire
,
as
to
bring
us
to
our
desired
Port
in
safety
,
and
to
remain
with
as
,
to
be
a
Counsellor
of
good
things
unto
us
,
let
us
now
answer
this
Kindness
unto
us
by
a
righteous
Conversation
,
and
a
pure
,
holy
and
innocent
Life
,
that
others
beholding
the
same
,
may
be
convinced
thereby
,
and
may
glorifie
our
heavenly
Father
.
The
Eyes
of
many
are
on
us
,
some
for
Good
,
and
some
for
Evil
;
therefore
my
earnest
Prayers
are
to
the
Lord
,
That
he
would
preserve
us
,
and
give
us
Wisdom
,
that
we
may
be
governed
aright
before
him
,
and
that
he
would
give
a
good
Understanding
to
those
that
are
in
Authority
amongst
us
,
that
his
Law
may
go
forth
of
Sion
,
and
his
Word
from
Jerusalem
.
Be
not
backward
in
discharging
that
great
Trust
committed
to
you
in
your
respective
Offices
and
Places
,
that
you
may
be
help-meets
in
the
Restroration
.
And
be
careful
to
suppress
,
and
keep
down
all
Vice
,
and
disorderly
Spirits
,
and
incourage
Virtus
,
not
only
in
the
general
,
but
every
one
in
his
perticular
Family
;
there
is
an
incumbant
Duty
lieth
on
all
Masters
of
Families
over
their
Family
,
therefore
my
desire
is
,
that
we
may
call
our
Families
together
at
convenient
times
and
Seasons
,
to
wait
upon
the
Lord
,
and
to
seek
to
him
for
Wisdom
and
Counsel
,
that
his
Blessings
may
attend
us
and
our
Families
,
and
our
Children
may
sit
about
our
Table
as
Olive-branches
full
of
Virtue
,
then
shall
we
be
full
of
Joy
and
Peace
,
and
living
Praises
will
spring
to
the
Lord
,
in
that
his
Blessings
and
Fatherly
Care
hath
been
thus
continued
towards
us
.
Dear
Friends
;
be
tender
and
helpful
one
towards
another
,
that
the
Lord
may
bless
and
fill
you
with
his
divine
Love
,
and
sweet
refreshing
Life
,
which
unities
our
Souls
to
each
other
,
and
makes
us
as
one
Family
of
Love
together
:
Let
us
not
entertain
any
hard
Thoughts
one
of
another
,
but
if
deference
should
happen
amongst
us
,
let
a
speedy
and
peaceable
end
be
put
unto
it
;
for
if
Prejudices
enter
,
it
will
eat
out
the
precious
Life
,
and
make
us
barren
and
unfruitful
to
God.
We
are
not
without
our
daily
Exercises
,
Tryals
and
Temptations
,
therefore
do
desire
the
Lord
may
put
it
into
your
Hearts
,
to
Pray
for
our
Preservation
,
and
our
safe
return
to
you
,
that
we
may
meet
together
again
in
the
same
overcoming
Love
of
God
,
in
which
we
parted
from
you
.
My
Heart
is
full
of
Love
to
you
,
and
do
long
to
see
your
Faces
,
and
to
enjoy
your
Company
,
that
I
may
more
fully
express
that
pure
Love
of
God
that
springs
in
my
Heart
unto
you
,
then
I
can
do
by
Writing
.
Therefore
I
desire
you
may
rest
satisfied
with
these
few
Lines
,
and
receive
them
as
a
token
of
unfeigned
Love.
From
Your
dear
Friend
,
Thomas
Budd
.
London
,
the
29th
of
the
8th
Month
,
1684.
Some
material
Things
omitted
in
the
foregoing
part
.
IT
is
to
be
noted
,
that
the
Tide
runs
to
the
Falls
of
Delavvare
,
it
being
one
hundred
and
fifty
Miles
from
the
Capes
,
or
entrance
of
the
said
River
(
which
Falls
,
is
a
ledge
of
Rocks
lying
a
cross
the
River
)
and
also
it
runs
up
in
some
of
the
Cricks
,
ten
or
fifteen
Miles
,
the
said
River
and
Cricks
,
being
navigable
for
Ships
of
great
Burthen
,
there
having
lain
over
against
Burlington
,
a
Ship
of
about
the
burthen
of
four
hundred
Tims
afloat
in
four
Fathom
,
at
dead
low
Water
,
and
the
Flood
riseth
six
or
eight
Foot
;
and
there
being
no
Worm
that
eats
the
bottoms
of
the
Ships
,
as
is
usually
done
in
Virginia
and
Barbadoes
,
&c.
which
renders
the
said
Countries
very
fit
for
Trade
and
Navigation
:
And
in
the
said
River
and
Cricks
are
many
other
sorts
of
good
Fish
,
not
already
named
,
some
of
which
are
Cat-fish
,
Trout
;
Eales
,
Pearch
,
&c.
ERRATA
.
Page
13.
line
16
after
often
,
read
as
.
Page
25
l.
3
for
seven
,
r.
two
hundred
.
line
19.
f.
cor
.
6
,
l.
31
after
Beans
,
r.
at
three
Shillings
▪
Pag.
26
l
14
f.
I
intend
,
r.
I
indent
.
l.
22
fd
,
.
inten
r.
indent
.
pag.
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
8l
l.
l
11
dele
and.
Pag.
17
f.
ths
,
r.
this
.
l.
21
after
in
,
r.
the
▪