







 
   
     
       
         The reformed Common-wealth of bees. Presented in severall letters and observations to Sammuel Hartlib Esq. With The reformed Virginian silk-worm. Containing many excellent and choice secrets, experiments, and discoveries for attaining of national and private profits and riches.
         Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662.
      
       
         
           1655
        
      
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             The reformed Common-wealth of bees. Presented in severall letters and observations to Sammuel Hartlib Esq. With The reformed Virginian silk-worm. Containing many excellent and choice secrets, experiments, and discoveries for attaining of national and private profits and riches.
             Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662.
             Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662. Reformed Virginian silk-worm.
          
           [6], 62, [4], 40 p. : ill.
           
             Printed for Giles Calvert at the Black-Spread-Eagle at the West-end of Pauls,
             London, :
             1655.
          
           
             The reformed Virginian silk-worm, has a separate dated t.p. and pagination.
             Annotation on Thomason copy: "May. 29.".
             Reproduction of the original in the British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Bees -- Early works to 1800.
           Silkworms -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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               THE
               REFORMED
               COMMON-WEALTH
               OF
               BEES
               .
            
             
               Presented
               in
               severall
               LETTERS
               and
               Observations
               to
               
                 Sammuel
                 Hartlib
              
               Esq.
               
            
             
               WITH
               The
               Reformed
               VIRGINIAN
               SILK-WORM
               .
            
             
               CONTAINING
               Many
               Excellent
               and
               Choice
               Secrets
               ,
               Experiments
               ,
               and
               Discoveries
               for
               attaining
               of
               National
               and
               Private
               Profits
               and
               Riches
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               ,
               Printed
               for
               
                 Giles
                 Calvert
              
               at
               the
               Black-Spread-Eagle
               at
               the
               West-end
               of
               Pauls
               ,
               1655.
               
            
          
           
             
             
             
               The
               summary
               of
               the
               Sections
               in
               the
               following
               Epistolary
               Treatise
               of
               Bees
               .
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 THe
                 Testimony
                 of
                 an
                 Ancient
                 writer
                 of
                 Husbandry
                 ,
                 of
                 an
                 incredible
                 Revenue
                 ,
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 been
                 raised
                 from
                 keeping
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 1.2
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 An
                 Extract
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 ,
                 containing
                 several
                 Observations
                 upon
                 the
                 fore-alledged
                 Testimony
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 2.
                 
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 An
                 Experiment
                 of
                 the
                 generation
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 practised
                 by
                 that
                 great
                 husbandman
                 of
                 Cornwal
                 M.
                 Carew
                 of
                 Anthony
                 .
              
               
                 p.
                 2.3
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 Dr.
                 
                   Arnold
                   Boats
                
                 Observations
                 upon
                 the
                 Experiment
                 of
                 the
                 generation
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 3.
                 
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 The
                 New
                 Bee-hive
                 ,
                 Or
                 a
                 Discourse
                 for
                 the
                 right
                 making
                 of
                 Bee-hives
                 ,
                 shewing
                 their
                 Materials
                 ,
                 Proportion
                 ,
                 Ordering
                 ,
                 and
                 Placing
                 :
                 and
                 lastly
                 ,
                 their
                 Vse
                 and
                 Benefit
                 .
                 Left
                 for
                 a
                 farwel
                 to
                 his
                 Native
                 Country
                 ,
                 by
                 that
                 zealous
                 ,
                 publick-hearted
                 and
                 learned
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 
                   Thomas
                   Brown
                
                 Dr.
                 in
                 Divinity
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Civil
                 Laws
                 .
              
               
                 3.4.5.6.7.8
                 .
              
               
                 6.
                 
                 A
                 Quere
                 upon
                 the
                 Description
                 of
                 Dr.
                 
                 Brown's
                 New-invented
                 Bee-hive
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 11.
                 
              
               
                 7.
                 
                 A
                 Letter
                 Discovering
                 a
                 New
                 kind
                 of
                 excellent
                 Food
                 for
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 11
                 ,
              
               
                 8.
                 
                 An
                 Extract
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 concerning
                 this
                 New
                 kind
                 of
                 food
                 for
                 Bees
                 ,
              
               
                 Pag
                 ,
                 10.11
                 .
              
               
                 9.
                 
                 An
                 other
                 Extract
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 upon
                 the
                 same
                 subject
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 11.
                 
              
               
                 10.
                 
                 How
                 Anis
                 may
                 be
                 got
                 to
                 grow
                 in
                 England
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 11.
                 
              
               
                 11.
                 
                 A
                 Translate
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 written
                 in
                 high-Dutch
                 ,
                 communicating
                 ,
                 a
                 Secret
                 for
                 the
                 better
                 ordering
                 and
                 prserving
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 practised
                 beyond
                 the
                 Seas
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 11.12.13.14
                 .
              
               
                 12.
                 
                 Another
                 Description
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Secret.
                 
              
               
                 Pag.
                 14.
                 
              
               
                 13.
                 
                 A
                 Philosophical
                 Letter
                 ,
                 treating
                 of
                 many
                 other
                 Secreets
                 ,
                 and
                 Experiments
                 for
                 general
                 Riches
                 and
                 Profits
                 ,
                 besides
                 these
                 arising
                 from
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 15.
                 
              
               
                 14.
                 
                 An
                 Enlargment
                 of
                 the
                 Philosophical-Letter
                 ,
                 explaining
                 more
                 fully
                 divers
                 of
                 those
                 more
                 desirable
                 passages
                 for
                 general
                 Riches
                 and
                 Profits
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Reasons
                 why
                 no
                 more
                 is
                 discovered
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 32.
                 
              
               
                 15.
                 
                 A
                 very
                 cheap
                 way
                 ,
                 how
                 to
                 keep
                 a
                 stock
                 of
                 Bees
                 all
                 Winter
                 long
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 40.
                 
              
               
                 
                 16.
                 
                 A
                 notable
                 and
                 approved
                 Experiment
                 for
                 improving
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 p.
                 40.41
                 .
              
               
                 17.
                 
                 A
                 Copy
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 written
                 by
                 Mr.
                 
                   William
                   Mew
                
                 ,
                 Minister
                 at
                 Eastlington
                 in
                 Glocestershire
                 to
                 Mr.
                 
                   Nathaniel
                   Angelo
                
                 Fellow
                 of
                 Eaton
                 Colledg
              
               
                 Pag.
                 41.
                 42.
                 
              
               
                 18.
                 
                 A
                 Copy
                 of
                 Mr.
                 Hartlibs
                 Letter
                 to
                 that
                 worthy
                 Minister
                 at
                 Eastlington
                 Mr.
                 
                   William
                   Mew
                
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 43.44.45.46
                 .
              
               
                 19.
                 
                 An
                 extract
                 of
                 Mr.
                 Mew's
                 Answer
                 to
                 Mr.
                 Hartlib's
                 Letter
                 ,
              
               
                 Pag.
                 46.47.48.49
                 .
              
               
                 20.
                 
                 A
                 Letter
                 concerning
                 that
                 pleasant
                 and
                 profitable
                 invention
                 of
                 a
                 transparent
                 Bee-hive
                 ,
                 written
                 by
                 that
                 much
                 accomplish't
                 and
                 very
                 ingenious
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 Mr.
                 
                   Christ.
                   Wren
                
                 Fellow
                 of
                 
                 All-souls
                 Colledg
                 in
                 Oxford
                 .
                 With
                 the
                 Figure
                 and
                 Description
                 of
                 the
                 Transparant
                 Bee-hive
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 50.
                 51.
                 
              
               
                 21.
                 
                 Considerations
                 upon
                 the
                 Letter
                 from
                 Oxford
                 .
              
               
                 Pag.
                 53.
                 54.
                 
              
               
                 22.
                 
                 Some
                 remarkable
                 observations
                 ,
                 concerning
                 the
                 swarming
                 of
                 Bees
                 together
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 short
                 Description
                 of
                 a
                 Bee-hive
                 made
                 of
                 Glass
                 .
              
               
                 pag.
                 54.55.56
                 .
              
               
                 23.
                 
                 A
                 singular
                 Observation
                 .
                 concerning
                 Bee-hives
                 ,
                 and
                 Buck-wheat
                 ,
                 made
                 by
                 Mr.
                 
                   Thomas
                   Babington
                
                 in
                 his
                 travels
                 into
                 Germany
                 .
              
               
                 Pap.
                 56.57
                 .
              
               
                 24.
                 
                 How
                 to
                 make
                 good
                 Greek
                 or
                 other
                 Wines
                 out
                 of
                 Hony.
                 
              
               
                 p.
                 57.58
                 .
              
               
                 25.
                 
                 A
                 Receipt
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 pure
                 Mead
                 that
                 shall
                 tast
                 like
                 Wine
                 .
              
               
                 p.
                 58.
                 
              
               
                 26.
                 
                 An
                 other
                 way
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 most
                 pleasant
                 and
                 Wine-like
                 Mead.
                 
              
               
                 Pag.
                 58.
                 
              
               
                 27.
                 
                 The
                 Common-wealth
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 Represented
                 by
                 Mr.
                 
                   Gerrard
                   Malynes
                
                 ,
                 by
                 way
                 of
                 a
                 Digression
                 in
                 his
                 great
                 Book
                 called
                 ,
                 
                   Lex
                   Mercatoria
                
                 ,
                 or
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   ancient-Law
                   Merchant
                
                 .
              
               
                 P.
                 59.60.61.62
                 .
              
               
                 28.
                 
                 A
                 Catalogue
                 of
                 some
                 writers
                 of
                 Bees
                 extant
                 in
                 English.
                 
              
               
                 pag.
                 63.
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Some
               of
               the
               grosser
               Errata
               .
            
             
               PAg.
               11.r.9
               .
               lin
               .
               22.
               for
               etner
               r.
               enter
               ,
               p.
               17.l
               .
               31.f
               .
               Bees
               r.
               beef
               p.
               18.l.34.r
               .
               sprout
               &
               corn
               ,
               p.
               19
               .
               l.11.f
               .
               infused
               r.
               misused
               .
               l.
               23.f
               .
               excise
               r.
               excess
               ,
               p.
               21.l.5.r.ly
               both
               open
               ,
               l.
               18.f
               .
               fourty
               r.
               four
               p.
               22.l.19.f
               .
               sceptile
               r.
               reptile
               ,
               p.
               24
               .
               l.22
               .
               f.
               in
               the
               fire
               r.
               in
               the
               a●re
               ,
               p.
               24.l.32.f
               .
               diccretick
               r.
               diuretick
               ,
               p.
               25.l.7
               .
               &
               11
               .
               r
               .
               Cochineel
               .
               p.
               27.l.34.r
               .
               empyreuma
               ,
               p.
               28.l.6.r
               .
               amazed
               ,
               l.
               27.f
               .
               macarates
               r.
               macerated
               .
               p.
               29.l.23.r
               .
               make
               its
               combes
               ,
               p.
               31.l.25
               .
               r.
               to
               ergon
               ,
               l.
               27.r
               .
               parerga
               .
               p.
               38.l.18.f
               .
               woods
               r.
               weeds
               ,
               l.
               37.f
               .
               woods
               r.
               weeds
               ,
               p.
               42.l.21.f
               .
               dury
               r.
               durus
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Some
               VVriters
               of
               Bees
               extant
               in
               English.
               
            
             
               
                 THe
                 Feminine
                 Monarchy
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Shewing
                 
                   
                     Their
                     admirable
                     Nature
                     and
                     Properties
                     ;
                  
                   
                     Their
                     Generation
                     and
                     Colonies
                     ;
                  
                   
                     Their
                     Government
                     ,
                     Loyalty
                     ,
                     Art
                     ,
                     Industry
                     ;
                  
                   
                     Enemies
                     ,
                     Wars
                     ,
                     Magnanimity
                     ,
                     &c.
                     
                  
                
              
               
                 Together
                 with
                 the
                 right
                 ordering
                 of
                 them
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 sweet
                 profit
                 arising
                 thereof
                 .
              
               
                 Written
                 out
                 of
                 Experience
                 by
                 
                   Charles
                   Butler
                   ,
                   Magd.
                
                 
              
               
                 
                   Plat.
                   in
                   Trucul
                   .
                   Act.
                   2.
                   
                   Sc.
                   6.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   Pluris
                   est
                   oculatus
                   testis
                   unus
                   ,
                   quam
                   auriti
                   decem
                   .
                   Oxford
                   ,
                
                 Printed
                 by
                 
                   William
                   Turner
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Author
                   .
                   1634.
                   
                
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Book
                 promised
                 by
                 
                   Henry
                   Gurnay
                
                 ,
                 Gentleman
                 .
              
               
                 Wherein
                 is
                 shewed
                 what
                 great
                 losse
                 cometh
                 to
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 neglect
                 ,
                 carelesness
                 and
                 ignorance
                 in
                 the
                 keeping
                 of
                 more
                 store
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 right
                 ordering
                 them
                 to
                 most
                 profit
                 ,
                 partly
                 shewed
                 in
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 Man
                 having
                 a
                 score
                 of
                 Shepes
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 next
                 neighbour
                 not
                 any
                 ,
                 or
                 happily
                 ,
                 not
                 three
                 in
                 that
                 Town
                 of
                 an
                 hundred
                 Housholds
                 as
                 many
                 more
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 some
                 Country
                 is
                 very
                 plentiful
                 thereof
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 next
                 every
                 way
                 as
                 apt
                 for
                 that
                 commodity
                 ,
                 yet
                 very
                 scarce
                 thereof
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 the
                 air
                 and
                 the
                 year
                 equally
                 indifferent
                 to
                 all
                 alike
                 ,
                 the
                 common
                 errour
                 being
                 to
                 ascribe
                 a
                 greater
                 luck
                 in
                 these
                 kinds
                 to
                 some
                 men
                 more
                 than
                 to
                 others
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 onely
                 through
                 an
                 unskilfulness
                 therein
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 
                 The
                 Ordering
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Or
                 the
                 tru
                 .
                 History
                 of
                 Managing
                 them
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 shewing
                 their
                 Nature
                 and
                 Breed
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 also
                 what
                 Trees
                 ,
                 Plants
                 and
                 Hearbs
                 are
                 good
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 namely
                 what
                 are
                 hurtful
                 :
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 extraordinary
                 profit
                 arising
                 from
                 them
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 Set
                 forth
                 in
                 a
                 Dialogue
                 ,
                 resolving
                 all
                 doubts
                 whatsoever
                 .
                 By
                 the
                 late
                 unparallell'd
                 experience
                 ,
                 of
                 
                   JOHN
                   LEVETS
                
                 ,
                 Gent.
                 London
                 ,
                 Printed
                 by
                 
                   Thom.
                   Harper
                
                 ,
                 for
                 
                   John
                   Harison
                   ,
                   1634.
                
                 
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Treatise
                 concerning
                 the
                 right
                 use
                 and
                 ordering
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Newly
                 made
                 and
                 set
                 forth
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 Authors
                 own
                 experience
                 :
                 (
                 which
                 by
                 any
                 heretofore
                 hath
                 not
                 been
                 done
                 )
              
               
                 By
                 
                   Edmund
                   Southern
                
                 Gent.
                 
              
               
                 Imprinted
                 at
                 London
                 by
                 
                   Thomas
                   Orwin
                
                 ,
                 for
                 
                   Thomas
                   Woodcock
                
                 ,
                 dwelling
                 in
                 Pauls
                 Church-yard
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 sign
                 of
                 the
                 black
                 Bear.
                 1593.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Discourse
                 or
                 History
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 Shewing
                 their
                 Nature
                 and
                 Vsage
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 great
                 profit
                 of
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Written
                 by
                 
                   Richard
                   Remnant
                
                 .
              
               
                 London
                 ,
                 Printed
                 by
                 
                   Robert
                   Young
                
                 ,
                 for
                 
                   Thomas
                   Slater
                
                 ,
                 dwelling
                 in
                 Duck-lane
                 at
                 the
                 
                   white
                   Swan
                   .
                   1637.
                
                 
              
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
               The
               Reformed
               COMMON-VVEALTH
               of
               BEES
               ,
               Presented
               in
               severall
               Letters
               to
               
                 Samuel
                 Hartlib
              
               Esquire
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Testimony
                 of
                 an
                 Ancient
                 Writer
                 of
                 Husbandry
                 ,
                 of
                 an
                 incredible
                 Revenue
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 been
                 raised
                 from
                 keeping
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Varro
                   de
                   Re
                   Rustica
                   ,
                   Lib.
                   3.
                   c.
                   16.
                   
                
                 
                   DE
                   fructu
                   ;
                   Authorem
                   habeo
                   non
                   soluno
                   qui
                   Alvearia
                   sua
                   locata
                   habet
                   quotannis
                   quinis
                   millibus
                   pondo
                   mellis
                   ,
                   sed
                   etiam
                   h●nc
                   Varronem
                   nostrum
                   quem
                   audivi
                   dice
                   item
                   ,
                   duos
                   milites
                   se
                   habuisse
                   in
                   Hispania
                   fratres
                   Vejamos
                   ,
                   ex
                   agro
                   Falisco
                   locupletes
                   ,
                   quibus
                   cum
                   a
                   Patre
                   relicta
                   esset
                   parva
                   villa
                   ,
                   &
                   agellus
                   non
                   sa●e
                   major
                   jug●ro
                   uno
                   ,
                   h●s
                   circum
                   villam
                   totam
                   Alvearium
                   facisse
                   ,
                   &
                   hortum
                   habuisse
                   ac
                   reliquum
                   Thymo
                   ,
                   &
                   cythiso
                   obsevisse
                   &
                   apiastro
                   ;
                   hos
                   nunquam
                   minus
                   ,
                   ut
                   peroeque
                   d●cerent
                   ,
                   dena
                   millia
                   Sextertia
                   ex
                   melle
                   recipere
                   esse
                   Solitos
                
              
               
                 
                   In
                   English
                   thus
                   .
                
                 
                   Concerning
                   the
                   profit
                   of
                   Bees
                   ,
                   I
                   have
                   not
                   onely
                   a
                   Witnesse
                   ,
                   who
                   saith
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   lets
                   out
                   his
                   Bees
                   for
                   five
                   thousand
                   pounds
                   of
                   Honey
                   by
                   the
                   yeer
                   ,
                   but
                   also
                   our
                   friend
                   Varro
                   here
                   ,
                   whom
                   I
                   have
                   heard
                   say
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   with
                   him
                   in
                   Spain
                   two
                   Souldiers
                   ,
                   brethren
                   ,
                   and
                   rich
                   ,
                   to
                   whom
                   their
                   Father
                   left
                   a
                   small
                   country
                   house
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   little
                   field
                   ,
                   in
                   truth
                   ,
                   not
                   greater
                   than
                   one
                   acre
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   round
                   about
                   the
                   house
                   they
                   made
                   a
                   place
                   to
                   keep
                   Bees
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   garden
                   ,
                   and
                   planted
                   the
                   rest
                   with
                   thyme
                   ,
                   cytisus
                   and
                   bawme
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   w●nt
                   to
                   receive
                   yearly
                   for
                   Honey
                   ,
                   reckoning
                   one
                   year
                   with
                   
                   another
                   ,
                   never
                   lesse
                   than
                   ten
                   thousand
                   Sesterces
                   ,
                   which
                   being
                   in
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   Consuls
                   (
                   before
                   the
                   Caesars
                   )
                   makes
                   of
                   our
                   mony
                   eighty
                   three
                   pound
                   six
                   shillings
                   eight
                   pence
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 An
                 Extract
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 containing
                 new
                 Observations
                 upon
                 the
                 fore-alledged
                 Testimony
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 distinction
                 introduced
                 by
                 the
                 Gr●mmarians
                 betwixt
                 Sestertii
                 and
                 S●stertia
                 ,
                 is
                 not
                 alwayes
                 observed
                 by
                 Classical
                 Authors
                 :
                 and
                 so
                 in
                 
                 Varro's
                 words
                 —
                 
                   denae
                   millia
                   Sestertia
                
                 —
                 signifieth
                 no
                 more
                 than
                 —
                 
                   de●i●s
                   milla
                   num●●i
                   Sest●rtii
                
                 —
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 English
                 mony
                 ,
                 reckoning
                 the
                 Sestert●us
                 at
                 two
                 pence
                 sterling
                 ,
                 (
                 
                   id
                   quod
                   praeter
                   prop●er
                   ●st
                   verum
                   ●jus
                   preti●m
                
                 )
                 about
                 four-score
                 and
                 three
                 pound
                 sterling
                 ,
                 a
                 very
                 fair
                 yearly
                 Revenue
                 to
                 be
                 got
                 out
                 of
                 one
                 Acre
                 of
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 well
                 worth
                 the
                 while
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 alledged
                 by
                 Varro
                 ,
                 for
                 to
                 encourage
                 men
                 by
                 this
                 example
                 to
                 the
                 keeping
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
                 If
                 I
                 were
                 sure
                 to
                 get
                 so
                 much
                 by
                 it
                 ,
                 I
                 would
                 soon
                 turn
                 a
                 Bee-keeper
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 a
                 great
                 mind
                 to
                 doe
                 however
                 before
                 I
                 dye
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 pray
                 as
                 many
                 Secrets
                 concerning
                 these
                 pretty
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 as
                 possible
                 you
                 can
                 attain
                 unto
                 ;
                 and
                 for
                 your
                 reward
                 ,
                 I
                 promise
                 you
                 a
                 good
                 proportion
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 out
                 of
                 my
                 first
                 Crop.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 An
                 Experiment
                 of
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 practised
                 by
                 that
                 great
                 Husbandman
                 of
                 Cornwell
                 ,
                 Old
                 Mr.
                 Carew
                 of
                 Anthony
                 .
              
               
                 TAke
                 a
                 Calf
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 a
                 Sturk
                 (
                 or
                 Steer
                 )
                 of
                 a
                 year
                 old
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 of
                 Aprill
                 ,
                 bury
                 it
                 eight
                 or
                 ten
                 dayes
                 ,
                 till
                 it
                 begin
                 to
                 putrifie
                 and
                 corrupt
                 ;
                 then
                 take
                 it
                 forth
                 of
                 the
                 earth
                 ,
                 and
                 opening
                 it
                 ,
                 lay
                 it
                 under
                 some
                 hedge
                 ,
                 or
                 wall
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 may
                 ●e
                 most
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 heat
                 whereof
                 it
                 will
                 (
                 a
                 great
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 )
                 turn
                 into
                 Maggets
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 without
                 any
                 other
                 care
                 )
                 will
                 live
                 upon
                 the
                 remainder
                 of
                 the
                 corruption
                 .
                 After
                 a
                 while
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 begin
                 to
                 have
                 wings
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 putrified
                 carcasse
                 would
                 be
                 carried
                 to
                 a
                 place
                 prepared
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Hives
                 stand
                 ready
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 ,
                 being
                 perfumed
                 with
                 Honey
                 and
                 sweet
                 hearbs
                 ,
                 the
                 Maggets
                 (
                 after
                 they
                 have
                 received
                 their
                 wings
                 )
                 will
                 resort
                 .
                 The
                 Gentleman
                 in
                 Cornwell
                 ,
                 that
                 practised
                 this
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 used
                 
                 Hogsheads
                 ,
                 or
                 bigger
                 Wine
                 Casks
                 ,
                 instead
                 of
                 Hives
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 practise
                 of
                 the
                 Bee
                 being
                 to
                 spend
                 the
                 first
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Summer
                 in
                 filling
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Cask
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 still
                 to
                 work
                 downwards
                 :
                 the
                 Gentlemans
                 usuall
                 custome
                 was
                 (
                 through
                 a
                 door
                 in
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Cask
                 )
                 to
                 take
                 out
                 what
                 Honey
                 he
                 wanted
                 ,
                 without
                 any
                 disturbance
                 to
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 whose
                 work
                 and
                 abode
                 then
                 was
                 in
                 the
                 lower
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Cask
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Dr.
                 Arnold
                 Boate's
                 Observations
                 upon
                 the
                 Experiment
                 of
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Did
                 ever
                 think
                 that
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 Bees
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 carcass
                 of
                 a
                 dead
                 Calf
                 ,
                 given
                 us
                 by
                 divers
                 of
                 the
                 Ancients
                 ,
                 but
                 most
                 amply
                 and
                 elegantly
                 by
                 Virgil
                 in
                 the
                 fourth
                 Book
                 of
                 his
                 Georgicks
                 ,
                 had
                 been
                 a
                 fiction
                 ,
                 but
                 am
                 glad
                 to
                 find
                 the
                 contrary
                 by
                 your
                 Letter
                 ,
                 which
                 confirmed
                 the
                 same
                 out
                 of
                 Modern
                 and
                 English
                 Experience
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 would
                 as
                 little
                 have
                 thought
                 ,
                 that
                 Bees
                 would
                 have
                 wrought
                 in
                 such
                 vast
                 Hives
                 as
                 hogsheads
                 ,
                 whereas
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Ancients
                 give
                 us
                 a
                 Caveat
                 ,
                 even
                 of
                 the
                 ordinary
                 Hives
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 too
                 large
                 —
                 
                   ne
                   Apes
                   anima
                   despondeante
                   ex
                   desperatione
                   implendi
                   ,
                
                 —
                 least
                 Bees
                 should
                 be
                 discouraged
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 despair
                 to
                 fill
                 them
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 New
                 Bee-Hive
                 :
                 Or
                 a
                 Discourse
                 for
                 the
                 right
                 making
                 of
                 Bee-Hives
                 ,
                 shewing
                 their
                 materials
                 ,
                 proportion
                 ,
                 ordering
                 ,
                 and
                 placing
                 ;
                 and
                 lastly
                 their
                 use
                 and
                 benefit
                 .
                 Left
                 for
                 a
                 Farewell
                 to
                 his
                 Native
                 Country
                 ,
                 by
                 that
                 zealous
                 publick-hearted
                 and
                 learned
                 Gentleman
                 
                   Thomas
                   Brown
                
                 Dr.
                 in
                 Divinity
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Civill
                 Law.
                 
              
               
                 IT
                 is
                 clear
                 from
                 many
                 good
                 Authors
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Ancients
                 made
                 a
                 constant
                 Revenue
                 of
                 their
                 Bees
                 without
                 killing
                 them
                 at
                 any
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 this
                 so
                 profitable
                 Government
                 of
                 Bees
                 is
                 now
                 utterly
                 lost
                 ,
                 is
                 too
                 much
                 apparent
                 from
                 the
                 common
                 practise
                 of
                 all
                 Nations
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 who
                 generally
                 kill
                 the
                 Bees
                 to
                 take
                 the
                 Honey
                 .
                 If
                 by
                 any
                 conjecture
                 or
                 comparing
                 one
                 thing
                 with
                 another
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 find
                 out
                 a
                 meanes
                 to
                 preserve
                 Bees
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 yet
                 receive
                 a
                 constant
                 and
                 liberall
                 benefit
                 by
                 them
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 subject
                 of
                 this
                 following
                 Discourse
                 .
              
               
                 Although
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 Bees
                 hath
                 been
                 largely
                 handled
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 curiosity
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 principal
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 concerning
                 their
                 Preservation
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 to
                 raise
                 a
                 constant
                 Revenue
                 by
                 them
                 ,
                 hath
                 not
                 been
                 so
                 clearly
                 set
                 down
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 importance
                 thereof
                 deserveth
                 ,
                 seeing
                 that
                 hereupon
                 dependeth
                 the
                 whole
                 businesse
                 of
                 a
                 Bee-master
                 ;
                 f●r
                 from
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 Bees
                 commeth
                 the
                 great
                 increase
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 plenty
                 of
                 Honey
                 is
                 the
                 chief
                 Meanes
                 to
                 increase
                 your
                 Bees
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 shall
                 easily
                 and
                 certainly
                 doe
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 rightly
                 understand
                 and
                 practise
                 the
                 naturall
                 way
                 of
                 ordering
                 them
                 .
                 This
                 task
                 at
                 your
                 intreaty
                 I
                 have
                 adventured
                 upon
                 ,
                 whether
                 I
                 have
                 performed
                 it
                 so
                 fully
                 and
                 clearly
                 as
                 I
                 seem
                 to
                 my self
                 to
                 understand
                 it
                 ,
                 the
                 successe
                 will
                 judge
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 preserving
                 of
                 Bees
                 then
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 of
                 absolute
                 necessity
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 be
                 abundantly
                 provided
                 of
                 food
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 Summer
                 your
                 Garden
                 and
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Fields
                 must
                 afford
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Winter
                 they
                 will
                 furnish
                 themselves
                 ;
                 also
                 that
                 they
                 be
                 largely
                 ,
                 conveniently
                 ,
                 and
                 cleanly
                 housed
                 ,
                 which
                 two
                 things
                 rightly
                 practised
                 will
                 perform
                 what
                 we
                 desire
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 take
                 it
                 for
                 a
                 certain
                 truth
                 ,
                 that
                 Bees
                 doe
                 never
                 forsake
                 the
                 place
                 of
                 their
                 breeding
                 ,
                 so
                 long
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 cleanly
                 and
                 large
                 enough
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 accordingly
                 in
                 greatest
                 company
                 they
                 prosper
                 best
                 ,
                 as
                 frequent
                 experience
                 proveth
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 places
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 have
                 chosen
                 themselves
                 dwellings
                 in
                 the
                 bodies
                 of
                 great
                 hollow
                 trees
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 have
                 been
                 found
                 combs
                 full
                 of
                 Honey
                 wrought
                 down
                 six
                 or
                 eight
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 between
                 the
                 beames
                 and
                 floonings
                 of
                 houses
                 with
                 the
                 like
                 increase
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 all
                 probability
                 could
                 not
                 be
                 done
                 by
                 the
                 labour
                 of
                 any
                 one
                 swarm
                 ,
                 though
                 of
                 the
                 greatest
                 numbers
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 of
                 necessity
                 there
                 must
                 have
                 been
                 the
                 increase
                 of
                 some
                 yeares
                 Bees
                 ,
                 to
                 bring
                 together
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 masse
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 is
                 truly
                 observed
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 old
                 and
                 young
                 Bees
                 doe
                 live
                 quietly
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Hive
                 ,
                 as
                 did
                 the
                 families
                 in
                 the
                 old
                 world
                 ,
                 renewing
                 themselves
                 from
                 year
                 to
                 year
                 .
                 If
                 I
                 shall
                 shew
                 you
                 the
                 way
                 to
                 accomplish
                 this
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 done
                 what
                 I
                 undertook
                 ;
                 upon
                 these
                 two
                 Maximes
                 lieth
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 all
                 I
                 have
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 Bees
                 will
                 not
                 leave
                 their
                 place
                 of
                 breeding
                 ,
                 but
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 room
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 annoiance
                 by
                 noise
                 or
                 ill
                 smells
                 :
                 that
                 in
                 
                 all
                 their
                 workings
                 they
                 move
                 downwards
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 place
                 hinder
                 them
                 not
                 .
                 According
                 to
                 these
                 two
                 Rules
                 ,
                 your
                 onely
                 care
                 is
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 your
                 Hives
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 fashion
                 ,
                 as
                 doth
                 naturally
                 and
                 necessarily
                 agree
                 with
                 ,
                 and
                 help
                 forward
                 this
                 design
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 can
                 be
                 no
                 other
                 than
                 flat
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 as
                 at
                 the
                 bottome
                 ,
                 both
                 ends
                 of
                 an
                 equall
                 breadth
                 to
                 a
                 hair
                 ,
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Hives
                 you
                 make
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 easily
                 set
                 one
                 upon
                 another
                 ,
                 as
                 many
                 as
                 you
                 shall
                 see
                 necessary
                 for
                 your
                 purpose
                 ,
                 though
                 in
                 some
                 places
                 they
                 make
                 them
                 square
                 of
                 four
                 boards
                 ,
                 yet
                 because
                 the
                 round
                 Figure
                 is
                 the
                 most
                 perfect
                 .
                 I
                 rather
                 choose
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 right
                 making
                 of
                 your
                 Hives
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 shew
                 you
                 their
                 materials
                 ,
                 proportion
                 ,
                 ordering
                 and
                 placing
                 ;
                 and
                 lastly
                 their
                 use
                 and
                 benefit
                 .
                 You
                 may
                 make
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 will
                 be
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 of
                 such
                 empty
                 Cask
                 ,
                 as
                 hath
                 had
                 in
                 it
                 Honey
                 ,
                 Muskadine
                 ,
                 Canarie
                 ,
                 or
                 Malaga
                 wine
                 ,
                 according
                 as
                 you
                 have
                 opportunitie
                 ,
                 because
                 these
                 vessels
                 ,
                 being
                 already
                 so
                 well
                 seasoned
                 ,
                 will
                 not
                 easily
                 loose
                 their
                 savour
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 the
                 better
                 invite
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 both
                 to
                 come
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 remain
                 in
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 their
                 Proportion
                 I
                 would
                 have
                 A.
                 B.
                 every
                 Hive
                 to
                 contain
                 a
                 just
                 bushell
                 within
                 the
                 work
                 ,
                 the
                 breadth
                 of
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 third
                 part
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 height
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 it
                 may
                 stand
                 the
                 surer
                 headed
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 one
                 end
                 ,
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 C.
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 that
                 head
                 ,
                 a
                 round
                 hole
                 D.
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 inches
                 wide
                 ,
                 made
                 very
                 smooth
                 ,
                 the
                 Hives
                 A.
                 B.
                 must
                 be
                 all
                 of
                 a
                 widenesse
                 from
                 the
                 top
                 to
                 the
                 bottome
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 the
                 Combs
                 will
                 not
                 come
                 out
                 without
                 breaking
                 ;
                 six
                 E.
                 broad
                 hoops
                 will
                 be
                 sufficient
                 ,
                 two
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 at
                 each
                 end
                 ,
                 the
                 lowest
                 hoop
                 must
                 be
                 set
                 a
                 large
                 inch
                 from
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 vessell
                 ,
                 leaving
                 so
                 much
                 of
                 it
                 bare
                 ,
                 which
                 part
                 must
                 be
                 exceeding
                 smooth
                 and
                 strong
                 ,
                 which
                 bare
                 place
                 F.
                 should
                 be
                 covered
                 with
                 a
                 very
                 thin
                 hoop
                 of
                 Iron
                 or
                 brasse
                 for
                 its
                 greater
                 strength
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 fore
                 side
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 three
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 for
                 the
                 great
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 six
                 smaller
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 for
                 the
                 lesser
                 ,
                 for
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 onely
                 it
                 may
                 receive
                 offence
                 ,
                 the
                 uppermost
                 hoop
                 must
                 be
                 somewhat
                 stronger
                 and
                 broader
                 than
                 the
                 rest
                 by
                 a
                 full
                 inch
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 set
                 on
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 stand
                 out
                 a
                 full
                 inch
                 further
                 than
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 vessell
                 ,
                 thereby
                 leaving
                 sufficient
                 and
                 fit
                 space
                 to
                 set
                 the
                 lower
                 part
                 F.
                 of
                 another
                 vessel
                 fast
                 into
                 it
                 as
                 into
                 a
                 box
                 ,
                 so
                 close
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 air
                 can
                 come
                 in
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 moved
                 .
              
               
               
                 And
                 because
                 Bees
                 cannot
                 conveniently
                 work
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 void
                 space
                 without
                 some
                 support
                 for
                 their
                 combs
                 ,
                 the
                 fittest
                 that
                 I
                 can
                 think
                 on
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 made
                 in
                 imitation
                 of
                 such
                 frames
                 ,
                 as
                 Gardiners
                 use
                 for
                 their
                 Gillifloures
                 ,
                 composed
                 of
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 very
                 small
                 hoops
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 many
                 side
                 posts
                 of
                 Fir
                 ,
                 with
                 some
                 crosse
                 barres
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 to
                 stay
                 the
                 Combs
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 these
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 shaken
                 nor
                 moved
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 bare
                 space
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 vessell
                 ,
                 bore
                 two
                 holes
                 ,
                 one
                 opposite
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 through
                 the
                 vessell
                 and
                 the
                 frame
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 fasten
                 them
                 together
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 for
                 the
                 more
                 easie
                 and
                 safe
                 removing
                 of
                 your
                 Hives
                 ,
                 either
                 to
                 see
                 in
                 what
                 estate
                 they
                 be
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 take
                 away
                 such
                 as
                 be
                 full
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 empty
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 set
                 upon
                 every
                 Hive
                 two
                 G.
                 such
                 iron
                 handles
                 as
                 are
                 usually
                 upon
                 bushels
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 you
                 may
                 command
                 them
                 at
                 your
                 pleasure
                 .
                 And
                 for
                 the
                 great
                 hole
                 D.
                 in
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 make
                 a
                 cover
                 H.
                 with
                 a
                 shoulder
                 and
                 a
                 handle
                 ,
                 to
                 stop
                 it
                 so
                 close
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 air
                 may
                 come
                 in
                 .
                 Your
                 Hives
                 A.
                 B.
                 being
                 thus
                 I.
                 C.
                 D.
                 E.
                 K.
                 G.
                 H.
                 made
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 order
                 them
                 as
                 followeth
                 .
                 I
                 will
                 suppose
                 you
                 have
                 at
                 least
                 A.
                 one
                 Hive
                 of
                 old
                 Bees
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 take
                 B.
                 one
                 of
                 your
                 new
                 Hives
                 ,
                 and
                 sweeten
                 both
                 it
                 and
                 the
                 frame
                 very
                 curiously
                 ,
                 and
                 fasten
                 them
                 together
                 ,
                 set
                 this
                 Hive
                 B.
                 where
                 you
                 mean
                 your
                 Bees
                 shall
                 stand
                 ,
                 leaving
                 the
                 hole
                 D.
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 open
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 A.
                 your
                 old
                 Hive
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 cut
                 away
                 the
                 skirts
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 conveniently
                 you
                 may
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 very
                 Combs
                 ,
                 the
                 neerer
                 the
                 better
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 a
                 new
                 door
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 it
                 upon
                 B.
                 the
                 new
                 Hive
                 ,
                 within
                 the
                 compasse
                 of
                 E.
                 the
                 hoop
                 .
                 And
                 because
                 in
                 the
                 Bees
                 working
                 down
                 into
                 the
                 lower
                 Hive
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 probable
                 that
                 the
                 Combs
                 of
                 the
                 two
                 Hives
                 will
                 hang
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 be
                 troublesome
                 to
                 part
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 this
                 inconvenience
                 ,
                 lay
                 a
                 false
                 bottom
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 hole
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 lower
                 Hive
                 ,
                 close
                 to
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 lower
                 Hive
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 it
                 fast
                 .
              
               
                 Your
                 Hives
                 being
                 thus
                 placed
                 ,
                 your
                 Bees
                 ,
                 either
                 for
                 the
                 sweetnesse
                 in
                 the
                 new
                 Hive
                 B.
                 or
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 room
                 in
                 the
                 old
                 ,
                 will
                 make
                 all
                 haste
                 to
                 work
                 down
                 into
                 B.
                 the
                 new
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 leave
                 A.
                 the
                 old
                 full
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 empty
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 both
                 the
                 old
                 stock
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 increase
                 ,
                 going
                 down
                 ,
                 working
                 and
                 abiding
                 in
                 B.
                 the
                 new
                 Hive
                 ,
                 whereby
                 you
                 shall
                 have
                 opportunity
                 ,
                 when
                 
                 you
                 see
                 it
                 most
                 convenient
                 ,
                 to
                 take
                 away
                 the
                 upper
                 Hive
                 full
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 without
                 the
                 least
                 trouble
                 to
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 your self
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 you
                 have
                 taken
                 away
                 A.
                 the
                 upper
                 Hive
                 ,
                 set
                 on
                 the
                 cover
                 H.
                 upon
                 the
                 hole
                 in
                 the
                 lower
                 Hive
                 B.
                 so
                 close
                 that
                 no
                 air
                 may
                 come
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 set
                 another
                 new
                 empty
                 Hive
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 false
                 bottom
                 upon
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 before
                 ,
                 sweetned
                 and
                 prepared
                 under
                 it
                 ,
                 expecting
                 a
                 fit
                 time
                 when
                 the
                 upper
                 Hive
                 shall
                 be
                 full●
                 and
                 the
                 Bees
                 gone
                 down
                 into
                 this
                 B.
                 B.
                 lower
                 Hive
                 ,
                 to
                 take
                 it
                 away
                 as
                 you
                 did
                 the
                 former
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 the
                 gathering
                 season
                 lasteth
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 towards
                 winter
                 .
                 If
                 your
                 Bees
                 increase
                 plentifully
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 necessary
                 to
                 have
                 three
                 Hives
                 one
                 upon
                 another
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 the
                 Bees
                 may
                 have
                 room
                 enough
                 for
                 themselves
                 and
                 their
                 swarmes
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 see
                 cause
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 adventure
                 to
                 four
                 ,
                 but
                 never
                 higher
                 ,
                 which
                 number
                 when
                 you
                 have
                 happily
                 attained
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 set
                 a
                 new
                 Hive
                 well
                 prepared
                 and
                 sweetned
                 ,
                 as
                 neer
                 I.
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 lowest
                 Hive
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 conveniently
                 ,
                 putting
                 into
                 it
                 some
                 Honey-comb
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 sweet
                 things
                 ,
                 and
                 raising
                 it
                 on
                 the
                 side
                 half
                 an
                 inch
                 or
                 more
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Bees
                 walking
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 may
                 find
                 a
                 new
                 dwelling
                 ready
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 their
                 next
                 swa●ming
                 goe
                 into
                 that
                 Hive
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 make
                 it
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 a
                 new
                 store
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 use
                 and
                 Benefit
                 of
                 all
                 that
                 hath
                 been
                 said
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 your
                 Bees
                 shall
                 alwayes
                 be
                 provided
                 of
                 a
                 sweet
                 dwelling
                 ,
                 large
                 enough
                 for
                 themselves
                 and
                 their
                 increase
                 ,
                 and
                 whereby
                 they
                 shall
                 easily
                 be
                 kept
                 together
                 ,
                 also
                 of
                 such
                 plenty
                 of
                 food
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 others
                 starve
                 they
                 shall
                 be
                 alwayes
                 strong
                 ,
                 both
                 Summer
                 and
                 Winter
                 ,
                 whereby
                 in
                 all
                 probability
                 ,
                 by
                 Gods
                 blessing
                 ,
                 and
                 your
                 own
                 moderate
                 care
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 have
                 multitudes
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 abundance
                 of
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   A
                   The
                   first
                   upper
                   Hive
                   .
                
                 
                   B
                   The
                   second
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   first
                   lower
                   Hive
                   .
                
                 
                   B
                   B
                   The
                   third
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   second
                   lower
                   Hive
                   .
                
                 
                   C
                   The
                   upper
                   bottome
                   .
                
                 
                   E
                   The
                   hoops
                   .
                
                 
                   F
                   The
                   lower
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Hive
                   .
                
                 
                   G
                   The
                   handler
                   on
                   the
                   Hives
                   .
                
                 
                   H
                   The
                   cover
                   for
                   the
                   great
                   hole
                   in
                   the
                   upper
                   Hive
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   The
                   mouths
                   of
                   the
                   Hives
                   .
                
                 
                   D
                   The
                   great
                   hole
                   in
                   the
                   upper
                   bottome
                   .
                
              
               
            
             
               
               
                 A
                 Querie
                 upon
                 the
                 description
                 of
                 Dr.
                 
                 Brown's
                 new
                 invented
                 Bee-Hive
                 .
              
               
                 VVHether
                 the
                 square
                 Figure
                 may
                 not
                 prove
                 the
                 best
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 there
                 may
                 better
                 be
                 placed
                 a
                 bill
                 or
                 drawer
                 in
                 the
                 bottome
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 (
                 being
                 drawn
                 forth
                 )
                 there
                 may
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 be
                 food
                 laid
                 for
                 any
                 particular
                 Hive
                 ,
                 without
                 any
                 disturbance
                 to
                 or
                 from
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 Hives
                 ,
                 where
                 every
                 particular
                 Hive
                 may
                 (
                 if
                 occasion
                 require
                 )
                 shut
                 up
                 and
                 feed
                 by
                 it self
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 the
                 ordering
                 of
                 Bees
                 may
                 prove
                 many
                 times
                 of
                 good
                 concernment
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Letter
                 discovering
                 a
                 new
                 kind
                 of
                 excellent
                 food
                 for
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 SIR
                 ,
                 Being
                 much
                 indebted
                 to
                 you
                 for
                 the
                 gift
                 of
                 your
                 Legacie
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 choice
                 pieces
                 ,
                 and
                 understanding
                 that
                 you
                 are
                 about
                 another
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 nature
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 publish
                 .
                 I
                 thought
                 good
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 time
                 (
                 till
                 occasion
                 prompt
                 some
                 other
                 meanes
                 to
                 serve
                 you
                 )
                 to
                 impart
                 unto
                 you
                 this
                 notable
                 Secret
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 had
                 from
                 an
                 old
                 Germane
                 Captain
                 concerning
                 Bees
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 long
                 experience
                 the
                 Planting
                 of
                 Anise
                 neer
                 them
                 proved
                 the
                 best
                 meanes
                 for
                 multiplying
                 and
                 keeping
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 for
                 their
                 breeding
                 of
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 Honey
                 .
                 That
                 the
                 Hearb
                 being
                 taken
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 inside
                 of
                 the
                 Hives
                 rubbed
                 therewith
                 ,
                 causeth
                 great
                 multitudes
                 of
                 Bees
                 to
                 etner
                 ,
                 and
                 become
                 close
                 retainers
                 to
                 those
                 Hives
                 ,
                 which
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 placed
                 directly
                 against
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 Sun
                 beames
                 fall
                 just
                 into
                 the
                 Orifices
                 of
                 them
                 .
                 That
                 the
                 feeding
                 upon
                 this
                 plant
                 will
                 cause
                 each
                 Stock
                 to
                 engender
                 and
                 thrust
                 out
                 three
                 young
                 ones
                 in
                 one
                 year
                 ,
                 within
                 which
                 space
                 they
                 doe
                 else
                 not
                 nse
                 to
                 doe
                 so
                 above
                 once
                 .
                 That
                 against
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 their
                 thrusting
                 forth
                 ,
                 other
                 Hives
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 placed
                 next
                 to
                 those
                 from
                 whence
                 they
                 thrust
                 forth
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 way
                 leading
                 to
                 the
                 Orifices
                 ,
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 rubbed
                 with
                 the
                 Anise
                 in
                 such
                 sort
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 juyce
                 of
                 the
                 Hearb
                 may
                 come
                 forth
                 and
                 stick
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 young
                 Stocks
                 that
                 come
                 forth
                 from
                 the
                 old
                 ,
                 will
                 certainly
                 enter
                 into
                 those
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 repair
                 any
                 where
                 else
                 .
                 But
                 in
                 case
                 that
                 upon
                 the
                 neglect
                 any
                 be
                 swarved
                 
                 forth
                 ,
                 and
                 settled
                 unto
                 some
                 tree
                 ,
                 the
                 fault
                 may
                 be
                 amended
                 by
                 rubbing
                 the
                 inside
                 of
                 the
                 new
                 Hive
                 with
                 Anise
                 ,
                 and
                 holding
                 it
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 a
                 long
                 pearch
                 unto
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 who
                 will
                 enter
                 thereinto
                 of
                 themselves
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 they
                 scent
                 the
                 sweetnesse
                 of
                 the
                 Anise
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 abovesaid
                 Captain
                 related
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Baron
                 in
                 Austria
                 so
                 thrived
                 by
                 this
                 secret
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 furnished
                 many
                 Countries
                 with
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 abundantly
                 increaseth
                 his
                 wealth
                 and
                 revenue
                 .
                 This
                 I
                 thought
                 to
                 hand
                 unto
                 the
                 publick
                 by
                 your
                 meanes
                 ,
                 resting
              
               
                 
                   Sir
                   ,
                
                 
                   your
                   most
                   affectionate
                   to
                   serve
                   you
                   F.
                   H.
                   
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     SIR
                     ,
                  
                
                 
                   I
                   pray
                   pardon
                   the
                   rudenesse
                   of
                   my
                   language
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   surrogate
                   that
                   which
                   may
                   better
                   abide
                   the
                   touch-stone
                   of
                   publick
                   view
                   .
                   For
                   my
                   being
                   continually
                   called
                   upon
                   will
                   not
                   give
                   me
                   leave
                   to
                   doe
                   it
                   better
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 An
                 Extract
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 concerning
                 this
                 New
                 kind
                 of
                 food
                 for
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 ABout
                 the
                 Secret
                 concerning
                 Bees
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 you
                 desire
                 my
                 judgement
                 ,
                 I
                 can
                 say
                 nothing
                 else
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 referred
                 to
                 Experience
                 ,
                 whereby
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 confirmed
                 (
                 as
                 indeed
                 I
                 doe
                 think
                 that
                 very
                 likely
                 )
                 I
                 shall
                 be
                 extreamly
                 beholding
                 to
                 you
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 may
                 chance
                 to
                 make
                 great
                 use
                 of
                 it
                 one
                 day
                 ,
                 beseeching
                 you
                 heartily
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 ever
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 shall
                 come
                 to
                 your
                 hands
                 ,
                 you
                 would
                 be
                 pleased
                 to
                 impart
                 the
                 same
                 unto
                 me
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Another
                 Extract
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 upon
                 the
                 same
                 Subject
                 .
              
               
                 MOst
                 of
                 those
                 Authors
                 that
                 write
                 of
                 the
                 nature
                 and
                 government
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 of
                 whom
                 I
                 have
                 the
                 matter
                 of
                 a
                 dozen
                 here
                 ,
                 name
                 sundry
                 Hearbs
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 the
                 Bees
                 have
                 a
                 particular
                 liking
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 others
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 good
                 in
                 sundry
                 respects
                 to
                 be
                 neer
                 the
                 Hives
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 all
                 doth
                 name
                 Anise
                 ,
                 in
                 either
                 
                 of
                 those
                 two
                 Classes
                 ,
                 as
                 my
                 inquiry
                 (
                 for
                 which
                 I
                 had
                 no
                 time
                 when
                 I
                 wrote
                 to
                 you
                 about
                 that
                 matter
                 first
                 )
                 hath
                 taught
                 me
                 ;
                 so
                 as
                 that
                 Secret
                 which
                 you
                 imparted
                 unto
                 me
                 concerning
                 the
                 same
                 (
                 a
                 most
                 excellent
                 one
                 indeed
                 if
                 confirmed
                 by
                 sure
                 experience
                 )
                 is
                 altogether
                 new
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 borrowed
                 from
                 ancient
                 Writers
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 hereby
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 How
                 Anise
                 may
                 be
                 got
                 to
                 grow
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 is
                 taught
                 in
                 that
                 excellent
                 Book
                 ,
                 called
                 ,
                 
                   The
                   Garden
                   of
                   Eden
                
                 ,
                 as
                 followeth
                 .
              
               
                 SOwe
                 English
                 Annise-seeds
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Moon
                 is
                 at
                 the
                 full
                 ,
                 in
                 February
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 time
                 between
                 the
                 full
                 and
                 the
                 change
                 :
                 if
                 frosts
                 will
                 not
                 suffer
                 you
                 to
                 take
                 the
                 full
                 Moon
                 ,
                 hatch
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 ground
                 with
                 a
                 rake
                 stricken
                 thick
                 upon
                 them
                 ;
                 then
                 strew
                 new
                 horse-dung
                 thinly
                 upon
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 to
                 defend
                 the
                 seeds
                 from
                 the
                 frost
                 .
                 —
                 These
                 will
                 ripen
                 about
                 Bartholemew-tide
                 ;
                 then
                 respecting
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 as
                 before
                 ,
                 sowe
                 again
                 ,
                 and
                 these
                 seeds
                 will
                 be
                 ripe
                 sooner
                 than
                 those
                 which
                 were
                 sown
                 in
                 February
                 .
                 These
                 seeds
                 will
                 also
                 come
                 up
                 well
                 ,
                 being
                 self
                 sown
                 ,
                 onely
                 break
                 up
                 the
                 ground
                 about
                 them
                 when
                 they
                 begin
                 to
                 ripen
                 .
                 That
                 ground
                 which
                 you
                 would
                 sowe
                 in
                 February
                 ,
                 break
                 up
                 about
                 Michaelmas
                 ;
                 let
                 it
                 lie
                 and
                 crumble
                 all
                 the
                 winter
                 ,
                 then
                 when
                 you
                 mean
                 to
                 sowe
                 ,
                 stir
                 it
                 up
                 again
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 mellow
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 mellower
                 the
                 better
                 .
                 A
                 black
                 rich
                 mellow
                 ground
                 is
                 best
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 like
                 well
                 in
                 a
                 rich
                 dunged
                 ground
                 .
                 Proved
                 by
                 S.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Translate
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 written
                 in
                 High-Dutch
                 ,
                 communicating
                 a
                 Secret
                 for
                 the
                 better
                 ordering
                 and
                 preserving
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 practised
                 beyond
                 the
                 Seas
                 .
              
               
                 SIR
                 ,
                 I
                 give
                 you
                 many
                 thanks
                 for
                 that
                 direction
                 about
                 Bees
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 cannot
                 perceive
                 ,
                 how
                 by
                 that
                 way
                 we
                 may
                 prevent
                 their
                 swarming
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 trouble
                 of
                 hiving
                 them
                 .
                 Nor
                 doth
                 that
                 way
                 avoid
                 the
                 vulgar
                 errour
                 of
                 destroying
                 the
                 best
                 Bees
                 for
                 their
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 remedy
                 all
                 these
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 inconveniences
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 formerly
                 sought
                 an
                 unusuall
                 way
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 practise
                 have
                 found
                 it
                 good
                 and
                 profitable
                 .
              
               
               
                 I
                 caused
                 Hives
                 of
                 glasse
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 ,
                 and
                 covered
                 them
                 with
                 wood
                 ;
                 in
                 which
                 Covers
                 I
                 made
                 windowes
                 to
                 be
                 opened
                 when
                 I
                 list
                 ,
                 which
                 served
                 me
                 for
                 the
                 better
                 considering
                 of
                 their
                 nature
                 ,
                 but
                 afforded
                 me
                 no
                 help
                 in
                 the
                 foresaid
                 inconvenience
                 ,
                 for
                 such
                 I
                 account
                 them
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 see
                 your
                 man
                 be
                 of
                 a
                 contrary
                 opinion
                 ,
                 speaking
                 of
                 often
                 swarming
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 thing
                 very
                 advantageous
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 true
                 ,
                 the
                 more
                 swarmes
                 you
                 have
                 ,
                 the
                 greater
                 is
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 Hives
                 in
                 your
                 Bee-garden
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 stocks
                 are
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 weaker
                 ,
                 especially
                 every
                 metropolitan
                 stock
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 his
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 Swarmes
                 issued
                 :
                 which
                 consideration
                 gave
                 occasion
                 to
                 that
                 precept
                 ,
                 given
                 heretofore
                 by
                 experienced
                 Bee-masters
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 suffer
                 any
                 stock
                 to
                 swarm
                 above
                 twice
                 in
                 a
                 year
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 to
                 prevent
                 it
                 ,
                 by
                 giving
                 the
                 Bees
                 more
                 room
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 done
                 by
                 setting
                 the
                 Bee-hive
                 some
                 inches
                 higher
                 from
                 the
                 bench
                 or
                 stool
                 upon
                 which
                 they
                 stand
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 swarming
                 weakeneth
                 the
                 first
                 stocks
                 ,
                 is
                 manifest
                 to
                 any
                 one
                 that
                 considereth
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 the
                 production
                 and
                 breeding
                 of
                 the
                 young
                 Bees
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 in
                 every
                 Hive
                 a
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 attendants
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 larger
                 than
                 the
                 Bees
                 (
                 we
                 call
                 them
                 Drones
                 )
                 which
                 are
                 fed
                 by
                 the
                 labours
                 of
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 they
                 prepare
                 for
                 swarming
                 ;
                 but
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 the
                 Bees
                 resolve
                 to
                 send-out
                 no
                 more
                 Colonies
                 ,
                 they
                 fall
                 upon
                 the
                 Drones
                 and
                 kill
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 young
                 Bees
                 are
                 also
                 kept
                 idle
                 till
                 their
                 General
                 be
                 ready
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 whole
                 Army
                 be
                 fit
                 to
                 march
                 out
                 all
                 together
                 for
                 a
                 new
                 plantation
                 .
                 The
                 oftner
                 that
                 such
                 swarmes
                 issue
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 stock
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 the
                 more
                 is
                 the
                 dammage
                 and
                 charge
                 that
                 it
                 suffers
                 from
                 these
                 Drones
                 and
                 young
                 Bees
                 :
                 All
                 which
                 cost
                 and
                 charges
                 are
                 spared
                 in
                 my
                 way
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 my
                 Bees
                 never
                 intending
                 to
                 swarme
                 ,
                 had
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 more
                 provision
                 for
                 bad
                 weather
                 and
                 winter
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 sooner
                 set
                 their
                 young
                 ones
                 to
                 work
                 for
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 earn
                 their
                 own
                 meat
                 ,
                 as
                 having
                 no
                 pretence
                 to
                 be
                 kept
                 idle
                 ,
              
               
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 In
                 the
                 common
                 way
                 it
                 is
                 so
                 hard
                 to
                 keep
                 Bees
                 from
                 flying
                 away
                 in
                 swarming
                 time
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 most
                 diligent
                 watchers
                 of
                 them
                 doe
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 lose
                 a
                 Swarm
                 :
                 But
                 in
                 my
                 way
                 of
                 ordering
                 them
                 such
                 watching
                 is
                 unnecessary
                 ;
                 for
                 my
                 Bees
                 never
                 fly
                 away
                 ,
                 because
                 I
                 prevent
                 all
                 occasions
                 of
                 swarming
                 :
                 By
                 which
                 meanes
                 they
                 are
                 also
                 kept
                 from
                 breeding
                 of
                 Drones
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 new
                 Master-Bees
                 ,
                 or
                 Generals
                 ;
                 and
                 their
                 young
                 Bees
                 ,
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 they
                 can
                 fly
                 ,
                 are
                 set
                 to
                 work
                 among
                 their
                 Elders
                 .
              
               
                 Thirdly
                 ,
                 I
                 never
                 needed
                 to
                 kill
                 any
                 of
                 my
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 I
                 could
                 share
                 with
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 Honey
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 not
                 unusuall
                 with
                 me
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 whole
                 barrel
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 out
                 of
                 one
                 Stock
                 or
                 Hive
                 .
                 And
                 besides
                 all
                 these
                 conveniences
                 ,
                 my
                 Bees
                 were
                 farre
                 better
                 secured
                 and
                 defended
                 from
                 excessive
                 heat
                 and
                 cold
                 ,
                 from
                 vermine
                 ,
                 theeves
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 their
                 troublers
                 and
                 enemies
                 .
                 They
                 had
                 also
                 this
                 accommodation
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 laden
                 they
                 went
                 downward
                 ,
                 but
                 clambered
                 upward
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 unladen
                 ,
                 whereas
                 the
                 contrary
                 is
                 necessary
                 in
                 the
                 common-way
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 make
                 no
                 question
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 by
                 this
                 time
                 you
                 long
                 to
                 hear
                 what
                 course
                 I
                 took
                 with
                 them
                 ;
                 nor
                 shall
                 I
                 be
                 nice
                 in
                 communicating
                 it
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 cost
                 me
                 above
                 two
                 hundred
                 Rix
                 dollers
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 you
                 were
                 here
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 farre
                 more
                 easily
                 shew
                 it
                 ,
                 than
                 I
                 can
                 now
                 find
                 words
                 to
                 expresse
                 it
                 well
                 in
                 writing
                 especially
                 thus
                 in
                 a
                 Letter
                 .
              
               
                 My
                 Bee-hives
                 did
                 not
                 stand
                 upright
                 after
                 the
                 usual
                 manner
                 ,
                 but
                 lay
                 upon
                 two
                 long
                 poles
                 or
                 railes
                 within
                 my
                 house
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 Garret
                 ,
                 close
                 under
                 the
                 Roof
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Bees
                 could
                 creep
                 in
                 and
                 out
                 under
                 the
                 tiles
                 .
                 The
                 close
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 touched
                 the
                 tiles
                 of
                 the
                 roof
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 each
                 Hive
                 I
                 did
                 cut
                 a
                 hole
                 for
                 the
                 Bees
                 to
                 goe
                 in
                 and
                 out
                 .
                 The
                 wide
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 commonly
                 stands
                 clapt
                 down
                 upon
                 some
                 plank
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 mine
                 it
                 was
                 shut
                 up
                 with
                 a
                 bottom
                 made
                 of
                 straw
                 ,
                 pinned
                 to
                 it
                 on
                 every
                 side
                 with
                 wooden
                 skewets
                 .
                 And
                 by
                 the
                 like
                 meanes
                 I
                 could
                 adjoyn
                 straw-hoops
                 of
                 what
                 breadth
                 I
                 pleased
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 lengthen
                 any
                 of
                 my
                 Hives
                 as
                 often
                 as
                 need
                 was
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 never
                 swarmed
                 ,
                 though
                 their
                 number
                 increased
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 several
                 additions
                 a
                 Hive
                 became
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 yards
                 long
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 way
                 of
                 taking
                 their
                 Honey
                 from
                 them
                 was
                 thus
                 ;
                 I
                 unpinned
                 the
                 wide
                 end
                 of
                 a
                 Hive
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 burning
                 linnen
                 rags
                 I
                 smoaked
                 up
                 the
                 Bees
                 thence
                 toward
                 the
                 close
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 I
                 might
                 freely
                 take
                 away
                 the
                 prolongers
                 or
                 additional
                 hoops
                 one
                 after
                 another
                 ,
                 till
                 I
                 thought
                 the
                 Bees
                 could
                 not
                 well
                 spare
                 any
                 more
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
               
                 This
                 slight
                 description
                 may
                 make
                 it
                 seem
                 a
                 small
                 matter
                 to
                 those
                 that
                 consider
                 not
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 conveniences
                 will
                 undoubtedly
                 follow
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Hereafter
                 I
                 may
                 perhaps
                 expresse
                 it
                 more
                 fully
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 have
                 more
                 leisure
                 to
                 write
                 ;
                 especially
                 if
                 my
                 affairs
                 would
                 permit
                 me
                 to
                 come
                 to
                 you
                 to
                 confer
                 at
                 large
                 of
                 this
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 Another
                 Authors
                 description
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Secret.
                 
              
               
               
                 
                   A
                   A
                   common
                   Bee-hive
                   .
                
                 
                   B
                   A
                   Prolonger
                   to
                   lengthen
                   or
                   eeke
                   out
                   the
                   Hive
                   withall
                   .
                
                 
                   C
                   A
                   hole
                   cut
                   in
                   the
                   upper
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Hive
                   A.
                   
                
                 
                   D
                   A
                   bottom
                   or
                   dore
                   to
                   shut
                   up
                   the
                   Hive
                   ,
                   whether
                   it
                   be
                   single
                   as
                   A
                   ,
                   or
                   lengthened
                   as
                   A
                   B
                   B.
                   
                
                 
                   E
                   The
                   wooden
                   pins
                   in
                   B
                   and
                   D
                   for
                   the
                   joyning
                   of
                   them
                   to
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   A
                   or
                   B.
                   
                
              
               
                 SIR
                 ,
                 I
                 here
                 send
                 you
                 the
                 description
                 of
                 my
                 long
                 Bee-hives
                 expressed
                 in
                 picture
                 :
                 Wherein
                 (
                 A
                 )
                 is
                 a
                 common
                 Bee-hive
                 ,
                 
                 not
                 standing
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 usuall
                 manner
                 is
                 ,
                 but
                 laid
                 along
                 upon
                 one
                 side
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 I
                 cut
                 a
                 round
                 or
                 four
                 cornerd
                 hole
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 the
                 Bees
                 may
                 passe
                 in
                 and
                 out
                 ,
                 here
                 marked
                 with
                 C.
                 In
                 the
                 placing
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 you
                 may
                 turn
                 that
                 hole
                 downward
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 turn
                 it
                 alwayes
                 upward
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 laden
                 ,
                 may
                 rather
                 goe
                 downward
                 than
                 upward
                 .
                 Besides
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 turn
                 it
                 not
                 upwards
                 I
                 cannot
                 well
                 set
                 it
                 close
                 to
                 any
                 hole
                 ,
                 left
                 for
                 the
                 Bees
                 entrance
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 tiles
                 in
                 the
                 roof
                 of
                 a
                 Garret
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 farre
                 surer
                 way
                 than
                 after
                 the
                 usuall
                 manner
                 ,
                 to
                 leave
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 Garden
                 ,
                 exposed
                 to
                 theeves
                 ,
                 vermin
                 ,
                 and
                 distempers
                 of
                 weather
                 .
                 Where
                 the
                 roof
                 is
                 inconvenient
                 ,
                 I
                 use
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 hole
                 in
                 the
                 upright
                 wall
                 of
                 a
                 Garret
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 the
                 Hive
                 close
                 up
                 against
                 the
                 wall
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 hole
                 in
                 its
                 head
                 precisely
                 answering
                 to
                 that
                 hole
                 in
                 the
                 wall
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 open
                 end
                 I
                 shut
                 up
                 with
                 a
                 bottom
                 made
                 of
                 straw
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 see
                 represented
                 at
                 D
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 opened
                 easily
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 shuts
                 close
                 and
                 firm
                 by
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 those
                 wooden
                 pins
                 here
                 marked
                 with
                 E.
                 
              
               
                 When
                 I
                 perceive
                 that
                 my
                 Bees
                 have
                 neer
                 filled
                 their
                 Hive
                 ,
                 I
                 take
                 off
                 that
                 Shutter
                 D
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 on
                 a
                 Prolonger
                 ,
                 like
                 the
                 Hive
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 no
                 head
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 here
                 marked
                 with
                 B
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 shut
                 it
                 up
                 ,
                 as
                 before
                 ,
                 with
                 that
                 straw
                 door
                 D.
                 Thus
                 I
                 may
                 add
                 as
                 many
                 Continuators
                 as
                 I
                 please
                 ,
                 shutting
                 close
                 up
                 to
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 alwayes
                 closing
                 the
                 last
                 with
                 D
              
               
                 Whensoever
                 I
                 intend
                 to
                 take
                 some
                 Hony
                 from
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 I
                 provide
                 linnen
                 rags
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 I
                 make
                 a
                 smoak
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 into
                 the
                 Hive
                 ,
                 by
                 pulling
                 away
                 the
                 door
                 D
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 the
                 Bees
                 are
                 driven
                 by
                 the
                 smoak
                 toward
                 their
                 small
                 entrance
                 C
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 I
                 may
                 safely
                 take
                 away
                 as
                 many
                 prolongers
                 as
                 I
                 think
                 good
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 a
                 fresh
                 one
                 in
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 shutting
                 it
                 up
                 with
                 the
                 door
                 D.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Phylosophicall
                 Letter
                 ,
                 treating
                 of
                 many
                 other
                 Secrets
                 and
                 Experiments
                 for
                 generall
                 Riches
                 and
                 Profits
                 ,
                 be
                 sides
                 those
                 arising
                 from
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 IN
                 pursuance
                 of
                 your
                 request
                 ,
                 and
                 performance
                 of
                 my
                 promise
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 what
                 I
                 may
                 ,
                 indeavour
                 to
                 answer
                 your
                 desire
                 ,
                 knowing
                 your
                 sincere
                 Zeal
                 for
                 ,
                 and
                 care
                 of
                 the
                 Publick
                 .
                 
                 Truly
                 Sir
                 ,
                 I
                 should
                 very
                 hardly
                 have
                 entred
                 the
                 stage
                 ,
                 had
                 it
                 not
                 been
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 inclination
                 I
                 have
                 to
                 serve
                 you
                 ,
                 who
                 neglecting
                 all
                 private
                 interests
                 ,
                 doe
                 wholly
                 spend
                 your self
                 in
                 labouring
                 to
                 profit
                 others
                 ,
                 who
                 how
                 f●r
                 they
                 may
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 your
                 pious
                 and
                 sincere
                 endeavours
                 herein
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 ,
                 but
                 confidently
                 perswade
                 my self
                 ,
                 that
                 your
                 labour
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 lost
                 as
                 to
                 future
                 Ages
                 ,
                 who
                 will
                 assuredly
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 your
                 pains
                 and
                 care
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 esteem
                 your
                 labour
                 accordingly
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 read
                 several
                 Pieces
                 ,
                 by
                 your self
                 published
                 ,
                 both
                 lately
                 and
                 formerly
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 discovering
                 ,
                 not
                 onely
                 Divine
                 and
                 Spiritual
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 Humane
                 and
                 Temporal
                 Mysteries
                 .
                 As
                 to
                 the
                 first
                 sort
                 of
                 your
                 Discoveries
                 ,
                 I
                 hope
                 there
                 is
                 none
                 so
                 unprincipled
                 in
                 Christianity
                 ,
                 but
                 must
                 and
                 will
                 confesse
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 such
                 Talent
                 improving
                 Servants
                 much
                 will
                 redound
                 to
                 the
                 advantage
                 of
                 the
                 Lord
                 the
                 Creditor
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 edification
                 of
                 many
                 in
                 the
                 wayes
                 of
                 Righteousnesse
                 .
                 But
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 later
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 the
                 ignorance
                 or
                 perversenesse
                 of
                 the
                 times
                 may
                 impute
                 that
                 to
                 folly
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 ripest
                 of
                 the
                 Imputers
                 could
                 hardly
                 equall
                 with
                 solid
                 and
                 reall
                 wisdom
                 ,
                 yet
                 you
                 may
                 resolve
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 time
                 will
                 be
                 ,
                 when
                 your
                 undertakings
                 herein
                 will
                 more
                 earnestly
                 be
                 prized
                 ,
                 for
                 I
                 perswade
                 my self
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 not
                 without
                 good
                 ground
                 ,
                 
                   That
                   it
                   is
                   not
                   now
                   long
                   before
                   the
                   time
                   shall
                   come
                   ,
                   when
                   Ingenuities
                   of
                   all
                   kind
                   shall
                   more
                   and
                   more
                   flourish
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   envy
                   of
                   Artists
                   shall
                   cease
                   ,
                   who
                   shall
                   not
                   then
                   be
                   jealous
                   ,
                   least
                   oth●rs
                   with
                   a
                   dry
                   finger
                   should
                   attain
                   to
                   such
                   things
                   by
                   bare
                   reading
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   in
                   finding
                   out
                   have
                   tryed
                   so
                   many
                   wearisome
                   Experiments
                   ,
                
                 which
                 in
                 mine
                 opinion
                 is
                 (
                 though
                 I
                 confesse
                 God
                 by
                 this
                 meanes
                 doth
                 keep
                 obscured
                 ,
                 that
                 which
                 he
                 in
                 his
                 justice
                 judges
                 the
                 ungrateful
                 world
                 at
                 present
                 unworthy
                 of
                 )
                 but
                 a
                 meer
                 humane
                 conceit
                 ,
                 and
                 full
                 of
                 fleshly
                 fragility
                 ,
                 for
                 considering
                 the
                 many
                 ripe
                 wits
                 which
                 are
                 in
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 
                   If
                   a
                   man
                   ,
                   who
                   hath
                   attained
                   to
                   any
                   measure
                   of
                   reall
                   discovery
                   ,
                   should
                   as
                   freely
                   impart
                   the
                   same
                   to
                   such
                   ,
                   of
                   whose
                   sincerity
                   he
                   is
                   assured
                   ,
                   and
                   withall
                   such
                   ,
                   who
                   with
                   himself
                   are
                   daily
                   searchers
                   into
                   the
                   secrets
                   of
                   Nature
                   ,
                   I
                   am
                   confident
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   this
                   joynt
                   improvement
                   of
                   their
                   utmost
                   ability
                   ,
                   more
                   in
                   some
                   few
                   yeares
                   would
                   be
                   found
                   out
                   ,
                   then
                   by
                   any
                   one
                   single
                   man
                   could
                   be
                   attained
                   ,
                   though
                   he
                   should
                   live
                   to
                   a
                   very
                   great
                   age
                   .
                
              
               
               
                 Therefore
                 Sir
                 ,
                 I
                 cannot
                 but
                 judicially
                 honour
                 your
                 desires
                 of
                 vindicating
                 what
                 ever
                 excellent
                 you
                 can
                 meet
                 with
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 dark
                 cloud
                 of
                 obscurity
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 the
                 Publick
                 may
                 by
                 this
                 meanes
                 reap
                 the
                 fruit
                 of
                 that
                 se●d
                 ,
                 being
                 thus
                 scattered
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 if
                 stifled
                 under
                 a
                 clod
                 ,
                 would
                 have
                 been
                 for
                 ever
                 unuseful
                 .
                 Besides
                 many
                 other
                 useful
                 Pieces
                 ,
                 those
                 which
                 more
                 neerly
                 concern
                 us
                 here
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 are
                 your
                 two
                 Books
                 of
                 Husbandry
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 shewing
                 us
                 our
                 Defects
                 here
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 the
                 Braband
                 Husbandry
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 Gods
                 blessing
                 I
                 hope
                 will
                 redound
                 to
                 the
                 filling
                 of
                 our
                 Pastures
                 with
                 Cattle
                 ,
                 our
                 Gardens
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Roots
                 and
                 Hearbs
                 ,
                 our
                 Garners
                 with
                 store
                 of
                 Grain
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 wonderful
                 good
                 of
                 this
                 place
                 .
                 Next
                 your
                 Design
                 for
                 Plenty
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 universal
                 planting
                 of
                 fruit
                 trees
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 two
                 I
                 hear
                 you
                 are
                 adding
                 a
                 third
                 Treatise
                 concerning
                 Bees
                 .
                 These
                 three
                 Treatises
                 concern
                 our
                 good
                 and
                 welfare
                 so
                 neerly
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 can
                 but
                 wish
                 them
                 as
                 happily
                 embraced
                 ,
                 as
                 ominously
                 offered
                 .
                 For
                 indeed
                 if
                 they
                 were
                 put
                 in
                 practise
                 ,
                 the
                 Advantage
                 which
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 would
                 reap
                 therein
                 ,
                 is
                 beyond
                 estimation
                 :
                 for
                 first
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 plenty
                 of
                 food
                 would
                 soon
                 cheer
                 the
                 mind
                 of
                 those
                 ,
                 who
                 through
                 the
                 scarcity
                 thereof
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 necessities
                 ,
                 are
                 now
                 likely
                 to
                 ●amish
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 overplus
                 w●uld
                 not
                 onely
                 provide
                 Cloths
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 staffe
                 of
                 life
                 ,
                 which
                 necessitie
                 craveth
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 produce
                 several
                 staple
                 Commodities
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 which
                 Conveniency
                 ,
                 yea
                 ,
                 superfluity
                 it self
                 would
                 be
                 maintained
                 among
                 tho●●w●●
                 for
                 prese●●
                 are
                 destitute
                 of
                 Necessaries
                 .
              
               
                 ●or
                 to
                 give
                 you
                 a
                 tast
                 herein
                 ,
                 i●
                 Lands
                 were
                 improved
                 for
                 Hay
                 and
                 Root●
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Brabant
                 Husbandry
                 doth
                 cheifly
                 insinu●te
                 ,
                 that
                 which
                 at
                 p●esent
                 is
                 wa●t
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 little
                 value
                 ,
                 would
                 yeild
                 both
                 Roots
                 for
                 mans
                 nourishment
                 ,
                 and
                 Hay
                 for
                 fodder
                 for
                 Cattel●
                 by
                 which
                 a
                 double
                 benefit
                 would
                 arise
                 :
                 First
                 ,
                 the
                 increase
                 of
                 Cattel●
                 and
                 with
                 them
                 of
                 Butter
                 ,
                 Cheese
                 ,
                 Bees
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 Land
                 by
                 this
                 improvement
                 would
                 be
                 brought
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 farre
                 gr●ater
                 value
                 for
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 imployment
                 for
                 future
                 .
                 To
                 these
                 adde
                 the
                 Oyle
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Seeds
                 of
                 Roots
                 would
                 produce
                 ,
                 if
                 in
                 qu●ntity
                 sown
                 .
                 And
                 then
                 the
                 Roots
                 themselves
                 ,
                 with
                 Gra●●es
                 ,
                 Turnip-tops
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 method
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 l●rge
                 Epistle
                 is
                 taught
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Hay
                 ,
                 would
                 be
                 enough
                 (
                 if
                 not
                 to
                 spare
                 )
                 to
                 feed
                 Cattel
                 that
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 fatted
                 ,
                 Milch-Cowes
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 labouring
                 beasts
                 ,
                 so
                 would
                 the
                 Pastures
                 be
                 the
                 lesse
                 burdened
                 ,
                 onely
                 with
                 Sheep
                 and
                 other
                 dry
                 Kine
                 ;
                 nor
                 should
                 we
                 be
                 so
                 driven
                 in
                 cold
                 weather
                 for
                 the
                 keeping
                 of
                 Cattel
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 this
                 meanes
                 would
                 not
                 onely
                 be
                 in
                 good
                 plight
                 ,
                 but
                 even
                 fat
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 Winter
                 :
                 Then
                 the
                 abundance
                 of
                 all
                 sort
                 of
                 Grain
                 ,
                 which
                 would
                 be
                 in
                 these
                 Nations
                 with
                 the
                 Fruits
                 and
                 Honey
                 ,
                 would
                 be
                 cast
                 upon
                 us
                 as
                 a
                 superfluous
                 inriching
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 Bounty
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 High
                 were
                 not
                 content
                 to
                 make
                 us
                 happy
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 all
                 other
                 Nations
                 most
                 wealthy
                 :
                 For
                 besides
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 Bread
                 and
                 Beer
                 out
                 of
                 Grain
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 account
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 thing
                 prized
                 of
                 most
                 Nations
                 that
                 are
                 civilized
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 ordinary
                 and
                 known
                 use
                 of
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 I
                 know
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 upon
                 most
                 infallible
                 grounds
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 the
                 abundance
                 of
                 these
                 we
                 might
                 better
                 our
                 Being
                 ,
                 beyond
                 what
                 at
                 first
                 thoughts
                 can
                 be
                 apprehended
                 .
              
               
                 Leaving
                 then
                 all
                 known
                 Mechanical
                 Uses
                 of
                 these
                 Commodities
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 value
                 of
                 them
                 on
                 that
                 account
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 (
                 
                   in
                   specie
                
                 )
                 I
                 shall
                 hint
                 some
                 other
                 Applications
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 without
                 considerable
                 charge
                 or
                 trouble
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 meanes
                 a
                 most
                 incredible
                 advantage
                 may
                 redound
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 opportunity
                 ,
                 leisure
                 ,
                 and
                 list
                 to
                 experiment
                 .
                 And
                 first
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 Wines
                 :
                 And
                 secondly
                 of
                 Strong
                 Waters
                 ,
                 or
                 Spirits
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 how
                 much
                 is
                 imported
                 into
                 this
                 Nation
                 annua●ly
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 beyond
                 my
                 reach
                 to
                 compute
                 .
              
               
                 Whereas
                 ,
                 if
                 instead
                 of
                 having
                 these
                 brought
                 into
                 ●●
                 we
                 were
                 able
                 ,
                 besides
                 our
                 own
                 store
                 ,
                 to
                 export
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 or
                 farre
                 greater
                 quantity
                 ,
                 none
                 will
                 deny
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 this
                 Art
                 would
                 indeed
                 b●
                 (
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 benefit
                 from
                 it
                 redounding
                 )
                 inv●l●●●le
                 .
                 
                   I
                   say
                
                 then
                 ,
                 
                   and
                   can
                   demonstrate
                   ,
                   that
                   out
                   of
                   all
                   Graines
                   which
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   mealy
                   substance
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   out
                   of
                   all
                   Seeds
                   of
                   the
                   like
                   nature
                   (
                   not
                   oyly
                   )
                   may
                   be
                   made
                   excellent
                   Strong
                   Waters
                   ,
                   or
                
                 Aqua
                 vitae
                 ;
                 
                   as
                   also
                   out
                   of
                   all
                   Fruits
                   ,
                   Plums
                   ,
                   Berries
                   ,
                   or
                   Roots
                   ;
                   that
                   out
                   of
                   Berries
                   ,
                   Fruits
                   and
                   Roots
                   is
                   more
                   mild
                   ,
                   but
                   by
                   Grain
                   mal●ed
                   and
                   Honey
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   quickned
                   .
                   There
                   are
                   of
                   inferior
                   sort
                   of
                   Graines
                   ,
                   as
                   Rye
                   ,
                   Oates
                   ,
                   Pease
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   like
                   ,
                   which
                   handled
                   as
                   Barly
                   ,
                   untill
                   it
                   sprout
                   Corn
                   ,
                   need
                   not
                   then
                   for
                   this
                   work
                   be
                   dryed
                   ,
                   but
                   beaten
                   and
                   moisted
                   with
                   its
                   own
                   liquor
                   ,
                   and
                   soundly
                   fermented
                   ,
                   and
                   will
                   so
                   yeild
                   a
                   monstrous
                   increase
                   .
                   Out
                   of
                   one
                   bushel
                   of
                   good
                   Pease
                   ,
                   I
                   know
                   ,
                   will
                   come
                   of
                   Spirit
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   least
                   two
                   gallons
                   or
                   more
                   ,
                   which
                   will
                   be
                   as
                   strong
                   as
                   the
                   strongest
                   Annise-seed-water
                   
                   usually
                   sold
                   in
                
                 London
                 :
                 
                   This
                   I
                   know
                   is
                   the
                   least
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   done
                   without
                   malting
                   .
                
              
               
                 Now
                 to
                 these
                 adde
                 your
                 drossie
                 Honey
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 which
                 comes
                 not
                 forth
                 without
                 squeezing
                 the
                 Combs
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 shall
                 encrease
                 your
                 quantity
                 abundantly
                 ;
                 so
                 then
                 
                   by
                   the
                   meanes
                   of
                   Honey
                   ,
                   Graines
                   and
                   Fruits
                   ,
                   we
                   shall
                   not
                   need
                   so
                   much
                   to
                   fetch
                   Canary
                   or
                   Malago
                   Wines
                   from
                   the
                   Spanish
                   Territories
                   ,
                   nor
                   White
                   or
                   Rhenish
                   Wines
                   from
                   the
                   French
                   and
                   Germane
                   Coast
                   ,
                
                 so
                 to
                 inrich
                 them
                 with
                 our
                 Commodities
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 we
                 receive
                 but
                 a
                 pallate-pleasing
                 Iuyce
                 ,
                 which
                 nature
                 craves
                 not
                 for
                 necessity
                 ,
                 nay
                 the
                 greatest
                 part
                 thereof
                 is
                 infused
                 in
                 sinful
                 superfluity
                 ,
                 bearing
                 the
                 greater
                 price
                 ,
                 because
                 farre
                 fetcht
                 ;
                 whereas
                 the
                 Nations
                 ,
                 with
                 whom
                 Wine
                 is
                 made
                 ,
                 use
                 farre
                 lesse
                 of
                 it
                 than
                 we
                 who
                 buy
                 it
                 at
                 Rack
                 rates
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 Prov●●b
                 
                   Hispa●us
                   rarò
                   ebrius
                
                 ,
                 The
                 Spaniard
                 is
                 seldome
                 〈◊〉
                 .
                 The
                 more
                 is
                 〈◊〉
                 both
                 our
                 sin
                 and
                 shame
                 ,
                 who
                 oft
                 abuse
                 〈…〉
                 to
                 drunkennesse
                 ;
                 whereas
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 once
                 〈…〉
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 s
                 easily
                 so
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 )
                 a
                 domestick
                 Commodity
                 ,
                 no
                 ma●
                 then
                 would
                 want
                 it
                 for
                 his
                 necessary
                 use
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 reason
                 of
                 its
                 commonnesse
                 ,
                 the
                 price
                 of
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 brought
                 farre
                 lower
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 c●nsequence
                 the
                 request
                 it
                 finds
                 among
                 the
                 sipping
                 Gallants
                 of
                 our
                 time
                 would
                 abate
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 this
                 benefit
                 at
                 least
                 would
                 redound
                 ,
                 that
                 besides
                 the
                 moderation
                 which
                 would
                 ensue
                 of
                 that
                 Excise
                 in
                 drinking
                 (
                 which
                 now
                 alas
                 to
                 our
                 shame
                 is
                 in
                 use
                 among
                 us
                 )
                 we
                 should
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 send
                 forth
                 in
                 considerable
                 quantity
                 that
                 very
                 Commodity
                 ,
                 the
                 Import
                 whereof
                 doth
                 stand
                 this
                 Nation
                 ,
                 now
                 yearly
                 ,
                 in
                 an
                 incomputable
                 sum
                 of
                 money
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 support
                 of
                 several
                 families
                 by
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 Specie
                 ,
                 which
                 alone
                 were
                 enough
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 abundance
                 thereof
                 to
                 us
                 ,
                 not
                 onely
                 acceptable
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 desirable
                 ,
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 Spirits
                 I
                 need
                 not
                 to
                 mention
                 them
                 ,
                 since
                 utterance
                 ,
                 I
                 suppose
                 ,
                 presents
                 it self
                 yearly
                 to
                 this
                 Nation
                 of
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 it
                 can
                 spare
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 ,
                 I
                 suppose
                 ,
                 could
                 be
                 vended
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 had
                 .
                 Yet
                 one
                 thing
                 I
                 may
                 speak
                 as
                 to
                 that
                 particular
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 known
                 ,
                 that
                 Fish
                 is
                 no
                 small
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 traffique
                 of
                 this
                 Nation
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 used
                 among
                 our selves
                 for
                 our
                 own
                 spending
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 (
                 especially
                 Cod-fish
                 the
                 principal
                 Merchantable
                 Fish
                 that
                 is
                 sold
                 )
                 is
                 taken
                 at
                 the
                 banks
                 of
                 New-found
                 Land
                 ,
                 and
                 New
                 England
                 .
                 Now
                 what
                 quantities
                 of
                 Spirits
                 are
                 spent
                 
                 among
                 the
                 Fishing
                 Companies
                 in
                 New
                 and
                 Old
                 England
                 ?
                 I
                 suppose
                 many
                 know
                 better
                 than
                 I
                 can
                 Inform
                 them
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 are
                 supplied
                 with
                 Dutch
                 or
                 French
                 Brandy
                 ,
                 those
                 Nations
                 eating
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 ,
                 the
                 Bread
                 out
                 of
                 our
                 mouths
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 meanes
                 the
                 wages
                 of
                 the
                 painful
                 Fisherman
                 is
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 winding
                 up
                 pocketted
                 by
                 Strangers
                 ,
                 whereas
                 if
                 we
                 were
                 able
                 to
                 furnish
                 the
                 same
                 Commodity
                 at
                 like
                 or
                 lower
                 price
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 to
                 us
                 no
                 small
                 annual
                 profit
                 ,
                 since
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 like
                 Trade
                 ,
                 the
                 Fisherman
                 consumes
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 one
                 half
                 of
                 his
                 yearly
                 earnings
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 I
                 shall
                 leave
                 the
                 managing
                 of
                 Commodities
                 to
                 those
                 who
                 are
                 conversant
                 in
                 such
                 Employments
                 ,
                 at
                 present
                 bounding
                 my self
                 with
                 this
                 ,
                 
                   Ne
                   sutor
                   ul●ra
                   Crepida●n
                
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 enough
                 for
                 me
                 to
                 shew
                 how
                 Commodities
                 may
                 be
                 raised
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 domestick
                 ,
                 with
                 inconsiderable
                 paines
                 and
                 trouble
                 ,
                 but
                 for
                 the
                 improvement
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 I
                 should
                 leave
                 that
                 task
                 to
                 such
                 ,
                 who
                 professedly
                 take
                 upon
                 them
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 such
                 matters
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 while
                 I
                 thus
                 swerve
                 from
                 my
                 professed
                 theme
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 give
                 you
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 that
                 Observation
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 taken
                 )
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 Bees
                 ;
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 hint
                 one
                 thing
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 )
                 is
                 the
                 Master-piece
                 of
                 whatsoever
                 you
                 have
                 waded
                 in
                 .
                 I
                 cannot
                 say
                 that
                 you
                 are
                 the
                 Author
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 since
                 I
                 have
                 read
                 many
                 Overtures
                 made
                 of
                 and
                 concerning
                 that
                 Subject
                 ,
                 by
                 others
                 ,
                 yet
                 I
                 know
                 that
                 your self
                 are
                 none
                 of
                 the
                 least
                 drivers
                 on
                 of
                 that
                 design
                 ,
                 namely
                 ,
                 the
                 Advancing
                 of
                 Credit
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 Bills
                 Currant
                 in
                 payment
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 wonderful
                 encrease
                 of
                 Trading
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 I
                 may
                 also
                 adde
                 your
                 Office
                 of
                 Publique
                 Addresse
                 ,
                 both
                 which
                 Enterprizes
                 (
                 if
                 not
                 unseasonable
                 mercies
                 at
                 present
                 )
                 I
                 hope
                 the
                 Lord
                 will
                 give
                 this
                 Nation
                 to
                 enjoy
                 ,
              
               
                 But
                 as
                 concerning
                 our
                 present
                 matter
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 I
                 chiefly
                 intend
                 ,
                 namely
                 ,
                 concerning
                 Bees
                 ,
                 I
                 understand
                 from
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 your
                 chief
                 desire
                 to
                 be
                 informed
                 concerning
                 them
                 ,
                 is
                 first
                 ,
                 How
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 engendred
                 ?
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 How
                 encreased
                 ?
                 and
                 thirdly
                 ,
                 How
                 inriched
                 with
                 Wax
                 and
                 Honey
                 ?
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 The
                 truth
                 is
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 read
                 in
                 some
                 Authors
                 of
                 their
                 engendering
                 out
                 of
                 dead
                 Kine
                 ,
                 fermented
                 with
                 the
                 falling
                 dew
                 .
                 Some
                 think
                 ,
                 that
                 out
                 of
                 any
                 kind
                 of
                 beast
                 Bees
                 may
                 be
                 produced
                 ,
                 and
                 doe
                 conclude
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Bees
                 which
                 bestowed
                 their
                 Honey
                 on
                 
                 the
                 carcasse
                 of
                 the
                 Lion
                 ,
                 slain
                 by
                 Samson
                 ,
                 were
                 of
                 this
                 nature
                 ,
                 and
                 bred
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 savage
                 Creature
                 ;
                 yet
                 must
                 I
                 confesse
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 never
                 yet
                 saw
                 the
                 Experiment
                 of
                 Bees
                 engendred
                 in
                 or
                 from
                 any
                 dead
                 Carcasse
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 have
                 known
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 dead
                 Creatures
                 both
                 open
                 ,
                 and
                 covered
                 with
                 leaves
                 ,
                 lightly
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 continual
                 dewes
                 ,
                 yet
                 never
                 could
                 I
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 any
                 such
                 procreation
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 out
                 of
                 Kine
                 ,
                 either
                 strangled
                 ,
                 or
                 otherwise
                 dying
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 lying
                 abroad
                 ,
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 influence
                 of
                 the
                 Heavens
                 ,
                 Bees
                 naturally
                 will
                 not
                 spring
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 induced
                 :
                 For
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 Islands
                 ,
                 where
                 I
                 was
                 born
                 ,
                 I
                 never
                 yet
                 saw
                 one
                 Bee
                 ,
                 except
                 those
                 of
                 a
                 kind
                 called
                 Humble
                 Bees
                 ,
                 where
                 notwithstanding
                 ,
                 to
                 my
                 knowledge
                 ,
                 divers
                 Cattle
                 both
                 younger
                 and
                 older
                 ,
                 have
                 (
                 perishing
                 by
                 mischance
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 oft
                 falls
                 out
                 there
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 very
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 noon
                 .
                 Sun
                 in
                 Summer
                 kills
                 Cattle
                 if
                 not
                 removed
                 into
                 the
                 shade
                 )
                 lyen
                 in
                 the
                 open
                 fields
                 till
                 they
                 have
                 rotted
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 not
                 a
                 night
                 scarce
                 wanted
                 the
                 dew
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 Maggots
                 and
                 Wormes
                 have
                 bred
                 ,
                 but
                 no
                 Bees
                 ,
                 which
                 if
                 they
                 were
                 so
                 to
                 be
                 bred
                 ,
                 I
                 suppose
                 would
                 in
                 lesse
                 than
                 fourty
                 yeares
                 have
                 been
                 seen
                 in
                 those
                 Islands
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 I
                 never
                 saw
                 any
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 was
                 naturally
                 a
                 great
                 Observer
                 of
                 Insects
                 there
                 ,
                 where
                 I
                 noted
                 Waspes
                 ,
                 but
                 no
                 Honey
                 making
                 Bees
                 .
                 Nor
                 is
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 thought
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Climate
                 is
                 averse
                 to
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 Insects
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 there
                 produceth
                 of
                 other
                 kinds
                 as
                 plentifully
                 ,
                 if
                 not
                 more
                 than
                 many
                 other
                 places
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 Bees
                 are
                 ,
              
               
                 Also
                 my
                 ingendred
                 Curiosity
                 was
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 took
                 the
                 pain
                 to
                 observe
                 and
                 collect
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 several
                 Insects
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 various
                 mutations
                 from
                 kind
                 to
                 kind
                 ,
                 sparing
                 no
                 diligent
                 travel
                 that
                 might
                 benefit
                 me
                 herein
                 .
                 For
                 so
                 soon
                 as
                 I
                 began
                 to
                 read
                 a
                 little
                 in
                 Philosophy
                 ,
                 I
                 took
                 great
                 content
                 in
                 these
                 Contemplations
                 ,
                 which
                 after
                 in
                 New
                 England
                 I
                 as
                 carefully
                 noted
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Summer
                 Islands
                 I
                 found
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 Rain-water
                 kept
                 in
                 wooden
                 Troughs
                 (
                 especially
                 where
                 the
                 Sun
                 at
                 some
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 shineth
                 on
                 it
                 )
                 there
                 would
                 in
                 time
                 gather
                 a
                 sedimen
                 of
                 muddy
                 matter
                 to
                 the
                 bottome
                 ,
                 black
                 and
                 slimy
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 would
                 breed
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 ,
                 crawling
                 long
                 ill-favoured
                 Wormes
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 feet
                 :
                 these
                 Wormes
                 growing
                 bigger
                 and
                 bigger
                 would
                 swim
                 and
                 play
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 engender
                 sexually
                 ,
                 till
                 at
                 last
                 growing
                 more
                 slow
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 at
                 length
                 lose
                 almost
                 all
                 
                 motion
                 ,
                 at
                 last
                 coming
                 to
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 would
                 by
                 the
                 legs
                 hang
                 neer
                 the
                 superficies
                 ,
                 where
                 in
                 few
                 dayes
                 ,
                 opening
                 the
                 back
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 them
                 proceeds
                 a
                 Fly
                 ,
                 which
                 crawling
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 is
                 for
                 a
                 day
                 or
                 two
                 tender
                 ,
                 after
                 able
                 to
                 fly
                 ,
                 which
                 Fly
                 ,
                 after
                 a
                 time
                 casting
                 its
                 skin
                 ,
                 becomes
                 another
                 creeping
                 Insect
                 ,
                 with
                 out
                 wings
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 it
                 proceeds
                 another
                 Fly
                 ,
                 farre
                 different
                 from
                 the
                 former
                 .
                 So
                 in
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 often
                 under
                 stones
                 or
                 tufts
                 of
                 grasse
                 found
                 tender
                 Wormes
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 naturally
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 accord
                 incrusted
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 lying
                 a
                 space
                 ,
                 at
                 length
                 break
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 comes
                 a
                 great
                 Butter-fly
                 ,
                 which
                 layeth
                 her
                 Eggs
                 on
                 the
                 Orange
                 tender
                 leaves
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 dew
                 hatcheth
                 them
                 into
                 Wormes
                 ,
                 which
                 live
                 on
                 the
                 leaves
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 touched
                 send
                 forth
                 long
                 red
                 hornes
                 ;
                 these
                 at
                 length
                 ,
                 hanging
                 to
                 the
                 n●●●r
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 bough
                 ,
                 are
                 incrusted
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 a
                 long
                 death
                 turning
                 the
                 same
                 kind
                 of
                 Butterfly
                 ,
                 which
                 before
                 came
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 .
              
               
                 Another
                 sort
                 of
                 Wormes
                 ,
                 ingendred
                 by
                 the
                 〈…〉
                 ences
                 in
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 being
                 incrusted
                 ,
                 proves
                 a
                 singing
                 〈…〉
                 after
                 its
                 season
                 ,
                 cleaving
                 to
                 a
                 Tree
                 ,
                 casteth
                 its
                 skin
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 ●ly
                 becometh
                 a
                 creeping
                 sceptile
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 liveth
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 ,
                 till
                 about
                 the
                 season
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 when
                 that
                 Fly
                 cometh
                 again
                 .
                 This
                 creeping
                 thing
                 on
                 some
                 tree
                 or
                 other
                 for
                 a
                 time
                 is
                 almost
                 without
                 motion
                 ,
                 at
                 last
                 bursting
                 insunder
                 in
                 the
                 back
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 comes
                 the
                 like
                 singing
                 Fly
                 as
                 came
                 before
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 Worm
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 bred
                 in
                 the
                 earth
                 .
              
               
                 Many
                 such
                 like
                 Generations
                 of
                 Wormes
                 in
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 crawling
                 Creatures
                 in
                 the
                 Waters
                 ,
                 which
                 after
                 turn
                 into
                 Flies
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 again
                 into
                 other
                 husky
                 Wormes
                 without
                 motion
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 them
                 to
                 other
                 flying
                 Insects
                 .
                 I
                 might
                 speak
                 largely
                 ,
                 were
                 it
                 not
                 besides
                 my
                 proposed
                 intent
                 and
                 scope
                 at
                 present
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 third
                 very
                 anomalous
                 Generation
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 noted
                 ,
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 sort
                 of
                 stinging
                 Flies
                 out
                 of
                 rotten
                 Trees
                 :
                 these
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 Islands
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 observed
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 rotting
                 Palmeto
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 New
                 England
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 the
                 same
                 in
                 rotten
                 Poplar
                 and
                 Birch
                 :
                 In
                 which
                 a
                 man
                 may
                 at
                 one
                 time
                 see
                 some
                 ,
                 like
                 to
                 a
                 tender
                 Spermatical
                 milk
                 ,
                 enclosed
                 in
                 a
                 most
                 tender
                 skin
                 ,
                 others
                 like
                 to
                 a
                 white
                 Maggot
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 little
                 motion
                 ,
                 others
                 now
                 almost
                 shaped
                 like
                 a
                 Fly
                 ,
                 others
                 full
                 formed
                 ,
                 and
                 able
                 to
                 crawle
                 ,
                 others
                 ready
                 to
                 come
                 forth
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 after
                 to
                 fly
                 .
              
               
               
                 The
                 Generations
                 of
                 Beetles
                 ,
                 Dorres
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 I
                 have
                 also
                 diligently
                 enquired
                 into
                 ,
                 and
                 find
                 ,
                 that
                 under
                 stone
                 hedges
                 ,
                 where
                 dunghils
                 are
                 usually
                 made
                 of
                 Rubbish
                 ,
                 they
                 doe
                 chiefly
                 proceed
                 ,
                 which
                 some
                 sort
                 of
                 Sea
                 shell-fish
                 ,
                 buried
                 in
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 doe
                 also
                 produce
                 the
                 same
                 in
                 kind
                 and
                 fashion
                 with
                 the
                 former
                 .
                 Yet
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 said
                 ,
                 I
                 never
                 yet
                 could
                 experimentally
                 find
                 any
                 rise
                 of
                 Bees
                 from
                 putrefaction
                 ,
                 though
                 by
                 me
                 ,
                 for
                 curiosity
                 sake
                 ,
                 oft
                 attempted
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 with
                 the
                 bloud
                 ,
                 also
                 with
                 the
                 flesh
                 of
                 Kine
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 by
                 accident
                 perishing
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 procure
                 part
                 of
                 them
                 for
                 tryall
                 sake
                 ;
                 this
                 I
                 have
                 kept
                 ,
                 some
                 openly
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 dew
                 ,
                 others
                 covered
                 with
                 Rubbish
                 (
                 as
                 for
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 other
                 Insects
                 )
                 other
                 while
                 defended
                 with
                 green
                 leaves
                 and
                 straw
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 buried
                 in
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 others
                 covered
                 with
                 earth
                 immediately
                 without
                 any
                 defence
                 from
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 variety
                 of
                 operations
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 had
                 variety
                 of
                 successe
                 ,
                 at
                 various
                 seasons
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 so
                 never
                 did
                 the
                 event
                 answer
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 I
                 imployed
                 this
                 industriou●●nquiry
                 .
                 If
                 any
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 that
                 hath
                 on
                 his
                 own
                 experien●e
                 tried
                 this
                 manner
                 of
                 production
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 please
                 to
                 impa●t
                 ●is
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 ●
                 shall
                 be
                 unto
                 him
                 really
                 thankful
                 ,
                 and
                 requi●e
                 〈…〉
                 perhaps
                 with
                 as
                 acceptable
                 a
                 discovery
              
               
                 〈…〉
                 my
                 opinion
                 ,
                 is
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 ,
                 Natures
                 recreation
                 ,
                 〈…〉
                 the
                 f●acid
                 ferment
                 of
                 putrifying
                 Bodies
                 doth
                 〈…〉
                 there
                 is
                 singular
                 and
                 rare
                 variety
                 ,
                 so
                 they
                 are
                 int●eded
                 〈◊〉
                 blessings
                 or
                 scourges
                 to
                 Man.
                 The
                 Bee
                 ,
                 the
                 Silk-wor●
                 ,
                 the
                 Cochmeel
                 ,
                 how
                 greatly
                 profitable
                 to
                 Mankind
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 I
                 need
                 not
                 repeat
                 ,
                 nay
                 most
                 Insects
                 of
                 a
                 shelly
                 or
                 scaly
                 nature
                 ,
                 being
                 very
                 excellent
                 in
                 medicinal
                 qualities
                 .
                 I
                 think
                 then
                 ,
                 that
                 our
                 sloth
                 is
                 very
                 great
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 we
                 neglect
                 the
                 inquiry
                 into
                 this
                 particular
                 .
                 I
                 shall
                 a
                 little
                 touch
                 ,
                 and
                 perhaps
                 not
                 impertinently
                 here
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Summer
                 Islands
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 sort
                 of
                 Spider
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 very
                 large
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 admirable
                 gay
                 colours
                 ,
                 yellowish
                 ,
                 blackish
                 ,
                 greenish
                 ,
                 and
                 reddish
                 ,
                 so
                 intermixed
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 makes
                 the
                 Creature
                 very
                 delectable
                 to
                 look
                 on
                 ;
                 these
                 in
                 great
                 multitudes
                 are
                 there
                 ,
                 who
                 live
                 abroad
                 in
                 the
                 open
                 fields
                 ,
                 spinning
                 their
                 webbs
                 from
                 tree
                 to
                 tree
                 of
                 a
                 vast
                 bignesse
                 ,
                 to
                 catch
                 Flies
                 in
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 which
                 they
                 prey
                 :
                 their
                 webbs
                 are
                 yellow
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 pure
                 Silk
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 one
                 Maid
                 for
                 tryall
                 knit
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 Gloves
                 ,
                 which
                 prove
                 
                 in
                 wearing
                 no
                 whit
                 inferiour
                 to
                 the
                 best
                 Silk
                 of
                 the
                 Silk-worm
                 .
                 Now
                 if
                 these
                 Spiders
                 were
                 so
                 kept
                 ,
                 as
                 an
                 ingenions
                 man
                 might
                 easily
                 invent
                 ,
                 
                   they
                   by
                   feeding
                   kept
                   in
                   good
                   plight
                   ,
                
                 might
                 be
                 made
                 to
                 spin
                 quantity
                 enough
                 ,
                 for
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 in
                 few
                 houres
                 they
                 will
                 spin
                 a
                 large
                 web
                 ,
                 if
                 their
                 old
                 one
                 be
                 taken
                 away
                 ,
                 else
                 they
                 mind
                 onely
                 their
                 prey
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 triall
                 of
                 what
                 may
                 be
                 done
                 in
                 this
                 ,
                 I
                 leave
                 to
                 others
                 who
                 may
                 have
                 opportunity
                 ;
                 this
                 I
                 onely
                 insert
                 here
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 not
                 the
                 Silk-worm
                 onely
                 yeeldeth
                 Silk
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 common
                 to
                 this
                 Spider
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Spider
                 nothing
                 in●eriour
                 to
                 the
                 Silk
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Worm
                 spinneth
                 .
              
               
                 Again
                 the
                 Cochmeel
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 so
                 rich
                 a
                 Commodity
                 ,
                 cometh
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 fruit
                 called
                 the
                 Indian
                 Fig
                 or
                 prickled
                 Pear
                 ,
                 which
                 as
                 yet
                 none
                 of
                 our
                 Nation
                 have
                 attempted
                 to
                 make
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 cause
                 that
                 die
                 is
                 so
                 scarce
                 ,
                 although
                 
                   in
                   all
                   the
                   Summer
                   Islands
                   the
                   Tree
                   bearing
                   that
                   fruit
                   is
                   most
                   plentifull
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   generation
                   of
                   that
                   Ins●ct
                   as
                   easie
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   ,
                
                 if
                 but
                 attempted
                 with
                 ingenuity
                 The
                 leaf
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 thick
                 slimy
                 nature
                 ,
                 the
                 fruit
                 full
                 of
                 seeds
                 and
                 ●loudred
                 ,
                 very
                 wholsome
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 this
                 property
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 passeth
                 strait
                 to
                 the
                 urine
                 retaining
                 it●
                 colour
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 rejected
                 by
                 urine
                 is
                 red
                 well
                 nigh
                 as
                 it
                 was
                 taken
                 in
                 .
                 
                   This
                   same
                   fruit
                   is
                   not
                   of
                   the
                   like
                   tincture
                   with
                   the
                   Insects
                   proceeding
                   from
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   give
                   a
                   colour
                   almost
                   like
                   to
                   Brasil●tto
                   wood
                   ,
                   which
                   in
                   the
                   fire
                   in
                   a
                   few
                   dayes
                   perisheth
                   .
                   But
                   the
                   Insect
                   ●ngendred
                   of
                   this
                   fruit
                   is
                   of
                   a
                   most
                   permanent
                   Tincture
                   ,
                   I
                   for
                   curiosity
                   examined
                   other
                   Vegetables
                   which
                   were
                   of
                   Tincture
                   ,
                   and
                   found
                   them
                   all
                   to
                   yeeld
                   Insects
                   of
                   the
                   like
                   tincture
                   ,
                   with
                   that
                   out
                   of
                   which
                   they
                   were
                   procreated
                   .
                
              
               
                 In
                 particular
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 much
                 Curiosity
                 ,
                 I
                 examined
                 Shoomake
                 Berries
                 ,
                 wh●ch
                 have
                 a
                 red
                 out-side
                 ,
                 like
                 to
                 the
                 furre
                 of
                 V●lvet
                 ,
                 in
                 small
                 red
                 graines
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 inner
                 kernel
                 not
                 answering
                 the
                 out-side
                 in
                 colour
                 ,
                 I
                 found
                 the
                 Insects
                 not
                 considerably
                 tincted
                 red
                 ,
                 yet
                 in
                 Medicinall
                 Operations
                 by
                 farre
                 surpassing
                 the
                 virtue
                 of
                 the
                 Bare
                 Berries
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 had
                 a
                 peculiar
                 diccretick
                 quality
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 Berry
                 also
                 groweth
                 
                   in
                   great
                   quantity
                   ,
                   both
                   in
                   the
                   Summer
                   Islands
                   and
                   in
                   New
                
                 England
                 ,
                 
                   which
                   makes
                   me
                   to
                   con●eive
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   would
                   also
                   grow
                   here
                
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 with
                 them
                 of
                 the
                 Summer
                 Islands
                 commonly
                 called
                 Redweed
                 ,
                 the
                 virtue
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 purgative
                 upwards
                 and
                 downwards
                 strongly
                 ,
                 the
                 Berry
                 is
                 as
                 red
                 as
                 the
                 prickled
                 Pear
                 ,
                 and
                 gives
                 much
                 the
                 like
                 tincture
                 .
                 This
                 Berry
                 I
                 
                 intended
                 to
                 prepare
                 for
                 Medicinal
                 uses●
                 but
                 by
                 occasion
                 my
                 Design
                 in
                 that
                 being
                 frustrated
                 ,
                 I
                 assayed
                 to
                 see
                 what
                 manner
                 of
                 Insects
                 it
                 would
                 yeeld
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 came
                 forth
                 first
                 Wormes
                 ,
                 which
                 growing
                 husky
                 ,
                 with
                 small
                 bumps
                 where
                 the
                 head
                 or
                 upper
                 part
                 lay
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 easily
                 distinguished
                 in
                 such
                 Insects
                 )
                 I
                 perceived
                 thereby
                 it
                 would
                 produce
                 a
                 Fly
                 ,
                 which
                 accordingly
                 it
                 did
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 of
                 the
                 bignesse
                 of
                 the
                 Cochmeel
                 fly
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 little
                 longer
                 ,
                 which
                 grew
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 matter
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 they
                 were
                 engendred
                 ,
                 to
                 a
                 considerable
                 bignesse
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 taking
                 them
                 out
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 gentle
                 heat
                 in
                 a
                 close
                 gl●sse
                 ,
                 killed
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 dryed
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 though
                 I
                 have
                 oft
                 assayed
                 the
                 Cochmeel
                 for
                 curiosity
                 sake
                 ,
                 yet
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 find
                 this
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 tincture
                 ,
                 any
                 whit
                 inferiour
                 to
                 that
                 Insect
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 to
                 Medicinal
                 virtue
                 
                   aequi
                   valent
                
                 ,
                 if
                 not
                 exceeding
                 the
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 
                   I
                   am
                   co●fi●●nt
                
                 (
                 though
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 tryed
                 )
                 
                   that
                   out
                   of
                   Brasil●●to
                   like
                   Insects
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   excellent
                   tincture
                   may
                   be
                   produced
                   ,
                   knowing
                   experimentally
                   ,
                   that
                   out
                   of
                   any
                   Wood-berry
                   may
                   ,
                   by
                   an
                   anin
                   anta
                   〈◊〉
                   f●rmentation
                
                 (
                 if
                 I
                 may
                 so
                 speak
                 )
                 
                   be
                   produced●
                   first
                   a
                   small
                   Wor●
                   ,
                
                 〈◊〉
                 growing
                 hig●er
                 groweth
                 husky
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 last
                 becomes
                 a
                 〈…〉
                 suffered
                 to
                 grow
                 till
                 it
                 have
                 waxed
                 a
                 little
                 ,
                 〈…〉
                 the
                 tincture
                 of
                 the
                 Concrete
                 whence
                 it
                 ●a●
                 produced
                 ,
                 which
                 then
                 being
                 graduated
                 beyond
                 its
                 own
                 nature
                 ,
                 leav●●h
                 its
                 d●e
                 in
                 grain
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 been
                 the
                 longer
                 upon
                 these
                 kind
                 of
                 Insects
                 ,
                 desiring
                 ,
                 at
                 least
                 ,
                 with
                 as
                 much
                 brevity
                 as
                 I
                 can
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 hints
                 of
                 what
                 rare
                 Secrets
                 are
                 in
                 Nature
                 attainable
                 :
                 So
                 that
                 if
                 any
                 desire
                 
                   the
                   way
                   to
                   fix
                   a
                   faling
                   Colour
                   ,
                   consider
                   if
                   that
                   C●lour
                   will
                   hold
                   untill
                   the
                   Compound
                   may
                   receive
                   a
                   ferment
                   (
                   f●r
                   fermentation
                   openeth
                   the
                   Body
                   )
                   a●ter
                   which
                   thou
                   shalt
                   cause
                   it
                   to
                   engender
                   Insects
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   an
                   easie
                   Art
                   :
                
                 These
                 Insects
                 will
                 give
                 thee
                 the
                 tincture
                 of
                 its
                 Original
                 Concrete
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 hold
                 in
                 grain
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 as
                 to
                 Medicinal
                 Virtues
                 of
                 Insects
                 I
                 might
                 be
                 very
                 large
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 shall
                 willingly
                 passe
                 them
                 over
                 ;
                 onely
                 this
                 I
                 shall
                 say
                 ,
                 being
                 desirous
                 to
                 try
                 what
                 might
                 be
                 done
                 upon
                 this
                 account
                 ,
                 I
                 took
                 Blood
                 ,
                 and
                 pouring
                 the
                 Water
                 from
                 the
                 Clodds
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 by
                 putrefaction
                 I
                 had
                 great
                 Maggots
                 ,
                 with
                 moisture
                 ,
                 which
                 consuming
                 the
                 moisture
                 grew
                 in
                 quantity
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 in
                 a
                 manner
                 dry
                 ,
                 these
                 I
                 washed
                 clean
                 ,
                 killed
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 bruised
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 
                 them
                 had
                 in
                 a
                 second
                 putrefaction
                 other
                 lesse
                 Maggots
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 differing
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 a
                 tolerable
                 smell
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 these
                 being
                 grown
                 to
                 their
                 greatest
                 ,
                 I
                 washed
                 again
                 ,
                 killed
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 putrified
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 a
                 third
                 and
                 a
                 fourth
                 time
                 I
                 repeated
                 ,
                 then
                 I
                 took
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 first
                 washed
                 them
                 ,
                 digested
                 them
                 (
                 being
                 bruised
                 )
                 for
                 six
                 weeks
                 ,
                 and
                 distilling
                 them
                 ,
                 had
                 a
                 Water
                 and
                 a
                 yellow
                 coloured
                 Oyle
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 exquisite
                 penetrating
                 resolving
                 vertue
                 that
                 ever
                 I
                 knew
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 yet
                 call
                 
                   Oleum
                   Lumbricorum
                   Verum
                
                 ,
                 Attempting
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 livers
                 of
                 Beasts
                 it
                 succeeded
                 in
                 like
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 now
                 to
                 return
                 to
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 their
                 propagation
                 ;
                 It
                 is
                 known
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 they
                 have
                 good
                 Hives
                 ,
                 with
                 convenient
                 shelter
                 ,
                 and
                 sufficient
                 store
                 of
                 meat
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 encrease
                 sufficiently
                 .
                 So
                 then
                 the
                 main
                 matter
                 is
                 to
                 know
                 how
                 Bees
                 may
                 best
                 be
                 stored
                 with
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 First
                 of
                 all
                 ,
                 if
                 your
                 Design
                 of
                 planting
                 of
                 Fruit
                 trees
                 take
                 effect
                 ,
                 that
                 alone
                 would
                 mightily
                 encrease
                 Bees
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 credited
                 what
                 one
                 Orchard
                 will
                 afford
                 to
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
                 But
                 because
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 blossoming
                 of
                 Fruit
                 trees
                 lasts
                 not
                 long
                 ,
                 there
                 would
                 be
                 found
                 out
                 some
                 fit
                 meanes
                 for
                 to
                 nourish
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 later
                 moneths
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ;
                 it
                 being
                 a
                 Proverb
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   a
                   Swarm
                   of
                   Bees
                   in
                
                 May
                 
                   is
                   worth
                   a
                   Cow
                   and
                   a
                   Bottle
                   o●
                   Hay
                   ,
                
                 whereas
                 
                   a
                   Swarm
                   in
                
                 July
                 
                   is
                   not
                   worth
                   a
                   Fly.
                
                 For
                 it
                 is
                 evident
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 dew
                 which
                 falls
                 on
                 the
                 floures
                 is
                 that
                 which
                 Bees
                 suck
                 ;
                 though
                 
                   Iuly
                   ,
                   August
                   ,
                   September
                
                 ,
                 and
                 part
                 of
                 October
                 ,
                 are
                 for
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 weather
                 ,
                 as
                 seasonable
                 for
                 Bees
                 to
                 work
                 in
                 as
                 May
                 ,
                 yet
                 in
                 them
                 they
                 enrich
                 themselves
                 but
                 little
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 the
                 scarcity
                 of
                 Flours
                 ,
                 Blossomes
                 ,
                 Honeysuckles
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 that
                 season
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 are
                 rare
                 .
              
               
                 Your
                 Letter
                 to
                 me
                 (
                 in
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 transcript
                 of
                 part
                 of
                 an
                 Epistle
                 )
                 to
                 this
                 end
                 ,
                 commending
                 the
                 planting
                 of
                 Anise
                 ,
                 doth
                 seem
                 very
                 rational
                 ;
                 first
                 in
                 that
                 Anise
                 yeilds
                 an
                 innumerable
                 company
                 of
                 small
                 floures
                 (
                 as
                 also
                 sweet
                 Fennel
                 )
                 which
                 if
                 gathered
                 in
                 a
                 morning
                 ,
                 the
                 dew
                 on
                 the
                 flowers
                 is
                 very
                 pleasant
                 .
                 The
                 like
                 also
                 is
                 on
                 Parsly
                 ,
                 Carroots
                 ,
                 in
                 their
                 flouring
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 so
                 pleasant
                 or
                 grateful
                 to
                 the
                 Bees
                 as
                 Anise
                 or
                 Fennel
                 ,
                 in
                 regard
                 of
                 the
                 sweet
                 scent
                 which
                 they
                 carry
                 ,
                 which
                 alone
                 is
                 very
                 alluring
                 to
                 them
                 .
                 For
                 in
                 dew
                 it self
                 is
                 a
                 sweet
                 Sacharine
                 salt
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 Bees
                 
                 doe
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 desire
                 ,
                 unlesse
                 it
                 have
                 a
                 
                   ●ermentall
                   Odour
                
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 acquires
                 within
                 the
                 Concavity
                 of
                 sweet
                 floures
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 Thime
                 ,
                 Rosemary
                 ,
                 Anise
                 ,
                 or
                 Fennel
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 Yea
                 ,
                 Experience
                 it self
                 shewes
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 the
                 ferment
                 of
                 these
                 the
                 dew
                 is
                 transmuted
                 ,
                 and
                 obtaines
                 a
                 sweetnesse
                 many
                 degrees
                 passing
                 bare
                 dew
                 ,
                 yea
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Consistence
                 also
                 ,
                 as
                 appeares
                 in
                 Manna
                 ,
                 The
                 reniabin
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 the
                 falling
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 oft
                 and
                 diligently
                 noted
                 ,
                 and
                 find
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 materially
                 nothing
                 but
                 dew
                 ,
                 which
                 falling
                 on
                 some
                 things
                 becomes
                 inspissated
                 :
                 Yet
                 cannot
                 I
                 but
                 respect
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 thing
                 peculiar
                 to
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 although
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 Proverb
                 (
                 
                   &
                   mel
                   sibi
                   parant
                   vespae
                
                 )
                 yet
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 there
                 is
                 worthily
                 a
                 great
                 difference
                 to
                 be
                 acknowledged
                 between
                 Honey
                 and
                 other
                 inspissated
                 sweetnesses
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 neither
                 Manna
                 ,
                 nor
                 any
                 such
                 falling
                 congealed
                 sweetnesse
                 ,
                 hath
                 the
                 like
                 nature
                 as
                 Honey
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 its
                 Analysis
                 more
                 easily
                 is
                 apparent
                 .
                 I
                 oft
                 have
                 with
                 a
                 clean
                 linnen
                 gathered
                 the
                 sweetnesse
                 of
                 the
                 tops
                 of
                 Fennel
                 ,
                 and
                 wringing
                 it
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 linnen
                 ,
                 have
                 tryed
                 if
                 or
                 no
                 it
                 had
                 the
                 parts
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 but
                 found
                 in
                 them
                 a
                 great
                 difference
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 I
                 learned
                 ,
                 that
                 Bees
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 falling
                 dew
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 peculiar
                 fermenting
                 virtue
                 ,
                 doe
                 really
                 transmute
                 what
                 they
                 suck
                 into
                 Honey
                 .
                 Also
                 that
                 
                   Flowers
                   within
                   th●m
                   contain
                   a
                   ●erment
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   the
                   dew
                   that
                   falls
                   in
                   them
                   is
                   ●nverted
                   into
                   a
                   thicker
                   su●stance
                   ,
                   and
                   sweet
                   ,
                   yet
                   f●rmally
                   disting●ished
                   from
                   Honey
                   ,
                   which
                   the
                   Bees
                   allured
                   ,
                   both
                   by
                   the
                   smell
                   and
                   tast
                   ,
                   doe
                   greedily
                   resort
                   to
                   and
                   suck
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   it
                   load
                   themselves
                   ,
                
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 they
                 doe
                 separate
                 a
                 more
                 fat
                 substance
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 also
                 transmute
                 into
                 Wax
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 formal
                 transmutation
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 Wax
                 formally
                 differs
                 from
                 all
                 fatnesse
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 so
                 then
                 the
                 dew
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 collected
                 from
                 any
                 Floures
                 ,
                 will
                 scarce
                 yeild
                 a
                 twentieth
                 part
                 of
                 
                   Caput
                   mortuum
                
                 ,
                 being
                 by
                 the
                 Bees
                 suckt
                 and
                 d●gested
                 into
                 Honey
                 ,
                 then
                 (
                 if
                 distilled
                 )
                 will
                 yeild
                 neer
                 a
                 third
                 part
                 in
                 a
                 Coal
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 liquor
                 that
                 di●tils
                 will
                 be
                 part
                 coloured
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 exquisite
                 sharp
                 taste
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 faetor
                 of
                 Empyreum
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 the
                 other
                 is
                 not
                 so
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 .
                 By
                 which
                 it
                 appeares
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Bee
                 finds
                 not
                 his
                 Honey
                 made
                 before-hand
                 ,
                 but
                 transmutes
                 that
                 which
                 was
                 not
                 Honey
                 into
                 Honey
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 peculiar
                 gift
                 of
                 the
                 Creator
                 .
                 So
                 by
                 this
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 gathered
                 ,
                 that
                 Anise
                 in
                 all
                 probability
                 will
                 perform
                 what
                 is
                 promised
                 of
                 it
                 
                 in
                 regard
                 of
                 its
                 fragrant
                 scent
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 so
                 acceptable
                 to
                 that
                 working
                 Insect
                 .
                 For
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 when
                 once
                 upon
                 an
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 I
                 was
                 digesting
                 a
                 thing
                 w●th
                 Oyle
                 of
                 An●se
                 seeds
                 in
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 neer
                 an
                 Orchard
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 were
                 many
                 Hives
                 ,
                 the
                 Bees
                 did
                 swarm
                 exceedingly
                 to
                 the
                 scent
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 which
                 was
                 digesting
                 being
                 of
                 an
                 intoxicating
                 nature
                 ,
                 the
                 Bees
                 were
                 with
                 it
                 amuzed
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 by
                 the
                 hot
                 Sun
                 killed
                 out-right
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 am
                 confident
                 ,
                 had
                 I
                 continued
                 my
                 digestions
                 any
                 considerable
                 time
                 ,
                 I
                 had
                 soon
                 unstock
                 nigh
                 a
                 dozen
                 of
                 Hives
                 ,
                 so
                 allu●ing
                 is
                 the
                 ●ragancy
                 of
                 that
                 scent
                 to
                 that
                 Creature
                 .
                 Yea
                 I
                 have
                 observed
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 common
                 to
                 them
                 with
                 Waspes
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 exceedingly
                 drawn
                 with
                 any
                 eminent
                 sweet
                 Odour
                 .
                 Adde
                 to
                 the
                 fragrancy
                 of
                 smell
                 the
                 excellent
                 
                   swee●ning
                   ●erment
                
                 ,
                 which
                 from
                 Anise
                 or
                 Fennel
                 floures
                 is
                 communicated
                 to
                 the
                 dew
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 to
                 suck
                 such
                 clusters
                 of
                 Floures
                 in
                 a
                 morning
                 is
                 almost
                 as
                 pleasant
                 as
                 to
                 suck
                 a
                 Honey-combe
                 for
                 taste
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 the
                 third
                 and
                 main
                 excellency
                 in
                 Anise
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 long
                 duration
                 of
                 the
                 flouring
                 time
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 continued
                 four
                 or
                 five
                 moneths
                 ,
                 sowing
                 Anise
                 at
                 several
                 times
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 floure
                 onely
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Bees
                 suck
                 on
                 .
                 Yea
                 ,
                 and
                 though
                 sown
                 at
                 once
                 ,
                 yet
                 of
                 Anise
                 ,
                 Fennel
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 the
                 nature
                 is
                 not
                 as
                 Apples
                 ,
                 to
                 floure
                 at
                 a
                 peculiar
                 time
                 ,
                 for
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 at
                 one
                 time
                 a
                 man
                 shall
                 sind
                 both
                 the
                 floure
                 tender
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 seed
                 neer
                 to
                 its
                 full
                 growth
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 this
                 hearb
                 will
                 afford
                 a
                 durable
                 supply
                 to
                 the
                 painful
                 Bee
                 ,
                 the
                 seed
                 it self
                 being
                 also
                 a
                 very
                 good
                 commodity
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 yet
                 there
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 by
                 which
                 Bees
                 may
                 be
                 stored
                 most
                 plentifully
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 by
                 Molossoes
                 of
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 Raisins
                 ,
                 Macarates
                 ,
                 with
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 .
                 
                   There
                   was
                   a
                   Gentleman
                   ,
                   who
                   having
                   a
                   late
                   Swarm
                   of
                   Bees
                   giv●n
                   him
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   so
                   〈…〉
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   thought
                   possible
                   for
                   to
                   live
                   out
                   the
                   Wi●ter
                   ,
                   did
                   〈◊〉
                   my
                   ●irection
                   make
                   a
                   mixture
                   of
                   a
                   pint
                   of
                   Molossoes
                   with
                   three
                   parts
                   of
                   Rain-water
                   ,
                   to
                   which
                   he
                   put
                   in
                   a
                   little
                   meal
                   ,
                   and
                   sprinkled
                   in●●
                   some
                   few
                   floures
                
                 :
                 The
                 mixture
                 being
                 set
                 neer
                 unto
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 they
                 flockt
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 carried
                 it
                 into
                 their
                 Hives
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 would
                 in
                 lesse
                 than
                 a
                 day
                 empty
                 a
                 shallow
                 broad
                 dish
                 ,
                 
                   By
                   which
                   meanes
                   they
                   ,
                   before
                   full
                   three
                   weeks
                   were
                   out
                   ,
                   were
                   so
                   over
                   glutted
                   with
                   Hon●y
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   the
                   next
                   Spring
                   they
                   were
                   drowned
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   that
                   Hive
                   was
                   found
                   no
                   lesse
                   than
                   thirty
                   pound
                   weight
                   of
                   the
                   Honey
                   and
                   Wax
                   .
                
                 
                 The
                 Molossoes
                 was
                 not
                 that
                 which
                 the
                 Sugar-refiners
                 leave
                 ,
                 for
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 what
                 an
                 enemy
                 the
                 lime
                 Alcali
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 to
                 Bees
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 first
                 Molossoes
                 .
                 Now
                 I
                 should
                 for
                 my
                 part
                 rather
                 rake
                 the
                 refuse
                 Honey
                 which
                 is
                 got
                 by
                 squeezing
                 the
                 Combes
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 the
                 Combes
                 washings
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 would
                 sprinkle
                 with
                 a
                 little
                 meal
                 and
                 Anise
                 seeds
                 small
                 beaten
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 to
                 keep
                 them
                 from
                 drowning
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 for
                 scent
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 assured
                 ,
                 will
                 feed
                 Bees
                 excellently
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 one
                 pound
                 they
                 will
                 return
                 four
                 :
                 
                   This
                   I
                   know
                
                 ;
                 The
                 water
                 best
                 for
                 this
                 purpose
                 is
                 that
                 of
                 Rain
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 in
                 it
                 a
                 sweet
                 Salt.
                 And
                 that
                 no
                 man
                 may
                 wonder
                 at
                 this
                 ,
                 consider
                 how
                 that
                 Honey
                 originally
                 is
                 but
                 dew
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 but
                 little
                 different
                 from
                 Rain
                 :
                 For
                 as
                 a
                 milch
                 Cow
                 drinking
                 soundly
                 of
                 water
                 ,
                 doth
                 actually
                 give
                 the
                 more
                 Milk
                 ,
                 which
                 Milk
                 is
                 farre
                 different
                 from
                 water
                 ,
                 yet
                 multiplied
                 by
                 it
                 even
                 to
                 sense
                 ,
                 so
                 naturally
                 doth
                 the
                 Bee
                 transmute
                 what
                 it
                 sucks
                 into
                 Honey
                 ,
                 insom●ch
                 that
                 if
                 the
                 Bee
                 be
                 but
                 allured
                 with
                 the
                 fragancie
                 of
                 the
                 scent
                 ,
                 and
                 never
                 so
                 small
                 taste
                 of
                 sweetnesse
                 to
                 suck
                 up
                 material
                 water
                 ,
                 yet
                 that
                 it
                 will
                 as
                 well
                 make
                 into
                 Honey
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 a
                 substance
                 thicker
                 of
                 consistence
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 as
                 for
                 the
                 Wax
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 Combes
                 is
                 made
                 ,
                 I
                 cannot
                 perswade
                 my self
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Gum
                 of
                 the
                 stalkes
                 of
                 flou●es
                 and
                 tender
                 leaves
                 (
                 in
                 a
                 Microscope
                 to
                 be
                 discerned
                 )
                 which
                 the
                 Bee
                 gathering
                 together
                 ,
                 doth
                 of
                 it
                 make
                 Combes
                 :
                 For
                 
                   it
                   is
                   evident
                   ,
                   that
                   Bees
                   doe
                   suck
                   out
                   o●
                   severall
                   things
                   ,
                   nay
                   ,
                   almost
                   out
                   of
                   innumerable
                   Simples
                   of
                   all
                   whi●h
                   they
                   make
                   (
                   as
                   but
                   one
                   Honey
                   )
                   so
                   but
                   one
                   Wax
                   .
                
                 In
                 Russia
                 and
                 M●s●o●y
                 (
                 I
                 am
                 informed
                 ,
                 that
                 )
                 the
                 Bees
                 gather
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 weepings
                 of
                 Pine
                 ,
                 Firre
                 ,
                 Spruce
                 and
                 Deal
                 Trees
                 (
                 which
                 are
                 onely
                 Therebinth
                 )
                 abundance
                 ,
                 both
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 is
                 the
                 same
                 in
                 kind
                 with
                 ours
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 whence
                 I
                 conclude
                 ,
                 that
                 Bees
                 doe
                 make
                 (
                 as
                 their
                 Honey
                 ,
                 so
                 )
                 their
                 Wax
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 which
                 before
                 was
                 not
                 Wax
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 a
                 very
                 Heterogeneal
                 body
                 ;
                 since
                 the
                 weeping
                 Gum
                 of
                 each
                 thing
                 is
                 variated
                 ,
                 and
                 followeth
                 the
                 property
                 of
                 that
                 Vegetable
                 to
                 which
                 it
                 belongs
                 .
                 Besides
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 vast
                 difference
                 between
                 Gummes
                 (
                 of
                 which
                 some
                 are
                 wholly
                 liquable
                 in
                 Water
                 ,
                 others
                 partly
                 )
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 betwixt
                 it
                 and
                 Rosin
                 of
                 any
                 sort
                 ,
                 likewise
                 its
                 peculiar
                 Specifick
                 Odour
                 is
                 not
                 common
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 thing
                 with
                 it self
                 .
              
               
               
                 No
                 marvel
                 then
                 ,
                 if
                 
                   Bees
                   may
                   be
                   sed
                   with
                   their
                   own
                   Honey
                   ,
                   mixed
                   with
                   three
                   times
                   its
                   quantity
                   of
                   rain
                   water
                   ,
                   and
                   out
                   of
                   it
                   they
                   should
                   again
                   make
                   Wax
                   and
                   new
                   Honey
                   ,
                
                 since
                 like
                 to
                 this
                 is
                 a
                 Cows
                 making
                 out
                 of
                 simple
                 water
                 blood
                 ,
                 milk
                 ,
                 and
                 urine
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 blood
                 and
                 milk
                 come
                 but
                 little
                 (
                 if
                 ought
                 )
                 short
                 of
                 the
                 proportionate
                 ●o●dus
                 of
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 Nor
                 is
                 the
                 smalnesse
                 of
                 the
                 Creature
                 to
                 be
                 accused
                 as
                 if
                 in
                 consistent
                 for
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 task
                 ,
                 since
                 God
                 hath
                 made
                 each
                 thing
                 sufficient
                 to
                 its
                 destinated
                 end
                 ;
                 yea
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 Creature
                 with
                 a
                 contemptible
                 stroke
                 of
                 its
                 revenging
                 sting
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 not
                 much
                 thicker
                 than
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 Cutis
                 is
                 wide
                 )
                 can
                 swell
                 and
                 inflame
                 our
                 Body
                 so
                 beyond
                 its
                 own
                 dimensions
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 prick
                 in
                 the
                 face
                 (
                 to
                 my
                 knowledge
                 )
                 hath
                 made
                 one
                 to
                 be
                 for
                 more
                 than
                 a
                 day
                 blind
                 ,
                 his
                 eyes
                 being
                 swell'd
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 face
                 twice
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 to
                 resume
                 ,
                 what
                 in
                 the
                 beginning
                 I
                 touched
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 excellencie
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 to
                 eat
                 ,
                 both
                 pleasant
                 and
                 wholsome
                 ,
                 in
                 Chirurgery
                 and
                 Medicine
                 of
                 excellent
                 force
                 ,
                 and
                 inriched
                 with
                 a
                 rare
                 Quintessence
                 .
                 But
                 besides
                 ,
                 
                   by
                   help
                   of
                   it
                   and
                   grain
                   ,
                   may
                   be
                   made
                   most
                   excellent
                   Wine
                   ,
                   nothing
                   i●feriour
                   to
                   the
                   rich●st
                   Canary
                   or
                   Greek
                   wines
                   ,
                   and
                   by
                   the
                   mixture
                   of
                   it
                   with
                   the
                   Iuyce
                   of
                   fruits
                   ,
                   the
                   best
                   Fr●nch
                   or
                   Rhenish
                   Wines
                   may
                   be
                   paralell'd
                   ,
                   if
                   not
                   surpass●d
                   .
                   Nor
                   will
                   any
                   of
                   the
                   Specifick
                   Odour
                   ,
                   either
                   of
                   the
                   H●ney
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   the
                   Corn
                   ,
                   after
                   a
                   threefold
                   fermentation
                   remain
                   .
                
                 It
                 also
                 will
                 yeild
                 a
                 most
                 excellent
                 
                   Aqua
                   vitae
                
                 ,
                 yea
                 it
                 will
                 help
                 such
                 things
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 their
                 too
                 much
                 propensity
                 to
                 souring
                 ,
                 and
                 slownesse
                 to
                 a
                 working
                 fermentation
                 )
                 would
                 yeild
                 spirits
                 but
                 sparingly
                 ,
                 to
                 ferment
                 exceedingly
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 to
                 yeeld
                 their
                 spirit
                 copiously
                 ,
                 as
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 many
                 Berries
                 ,
                 Roots
                 :
                 &c.
                 
                 
                   It
                   also
                   will
                   by
                   its
                   addition
                   make
                   as
                   excellent
                   Vinegar
                   out
                   of
                   Cider
                   ,
                   as
                   any
                
                 France
                 
                   yeilds
                   ,
                   without
                   exception
                
                 .
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 
                   any
                   Wine
                   which
                   is
                   neer
                   pricking
                   may
                   by
                   its
                   h●lp
                   be
                   recovered
                   ,
                   brought
                   to
                   a
                   new
                   fermentation
                   ,
                   inriched
                   with
                   a
                   new
                   Body
                   ,
                   which
                   before
                   ,
                   being
                   almost
                   worn
                   out
                   ,
                   was
                   hungry
                   and
                   l●an
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   made
                   as
                   Rasie
                   ,
                   pleasant
                   and
                   durable
                   as
                   ever
                   ,
                
                 provided
                 it
                 be
                 not
                 already
                 sour
                 .
                 If
                 these
                 qualities
                 be
                 not
                 sufficient
                 to
                 commend
                 it
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 no
                 more
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 Sir
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 briefly
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 in
                 a
                 large
                 Epistolical
                 discourse
                 ,
                 endeavoured
                 to
                 satisfie
                 you
                 what
                 I
                 can
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 this
                 Subject
                 .
                 
                   I
                   confesse
                   
                   my self
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   not
                   very
                   free
                   in
                   this
                   thing
                   ,
                   not
                   for
                   that
                   I
                   would
                   not
                   be
                   ready
                   in
                   a
                   greater
                   matter
                   to
                   be
                   serviceable
                   to
                   you
                   and
                   the
                   Publick
                   for
                   good
                   ;
                   but
                   truly
                   ,
                   I
                   am
                   one
                   of
                   those
                   ,
                   who
                   are
                   farre
                   more
                   willing
                   to
                   learn
                   than
                   to
                   ●ssay
                   to
                   teach
                
                 :
                 The
                 World
                 is
                 now
                 full
                 of
                 Books
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 if
                 a
                 good
                 choice
                 were
                 made
                 ,
                 one
                 tenth
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 chief
                 being
                 cull'd
                 out
                 ,
                 I
                 should
                 willingly
                 passe
                 my
                 suffrage
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 other
                 nine
                 patts
                 should
                 be
                 corrected
                 by
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 this
                 Epistle
                 of
                 mine
                 should
                 ,
                 by
                 my
                 vote
                 ,
                 passe
                 for
                 company
                 .
                 For
                 verily
                 Sir
                 ,
                 sithence
                 nothing
                 is
                 to
                 a
                 man
                 more
                 pretions
                 than
                 time
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 requisite
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 things
                 which
                 consume
                 that
                 most
                 precious
                 and
                 irrecovocable
                 Jewel
                 (
                 when
                 once
                 lost
                 )
                 should
                 be
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 doe
                 assure
                 you
                 ,
                 these
                 things
                 (
                 though
                 perhaps
                 comparatively
                 ,
                 many
                 of
                 them
                 but
                 trivial
                 )
                 I
                 speak
                 not
                 opini●bly
                 ,
                 but
                 what
                 I
                 know
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 experimentally
                 ;
                 yet
                 must
                 I
                 confesse
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Subject
                 ,
                 lying
                 not
                 altogether
                 in
                 the
                 Sphere
                 of
                 my
                 most
                 serious
                 Contemplations
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 hath
                 not
                 been
                 handled
                 as
                 it
                 might
                 have
                 been
                 ,
                 by
                 another
                 more
                 conversant
                 therein
                 ,
                 since
                 mellification
                 ,
                 respects
                 the
                 work
                 and
                 labour
                 of
                 this
                 Insect
                 ,
                 not
                 its
                 Physical
                 virtues
                 ;
                 I
                 then
                 ,
                 whose
                 chief
                 station
                 is
                 among
                 natural
                 things
                 ,
                 to
                 examine
                 their
                 Analytical
                 Phylosophy
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 discover
                 their
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 as
                 applicable
                 to
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Medicine
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 their
                 parts
                 in
                 Composition
                 ,
                 their
                 graduations
                 in
                 vertue
                 ,
                 their
                 Extraction
                 of
                 the
                 Craseis
                 in
                 them
                 contained
                 ,
                 their
                 various
                 transmutations
                 ,
                 alterities
                 and
                 applications
                 .
                 This
                 ,
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 being
                 my
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 and
                 other
                 speculations
                 (
                 among
                 which
                 this
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 most
                 applicable
                 to
                 a
                 rural
                 life
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 my
                 profession
                 is
                 in
                 a
                 manner
                 alienated
                 )
                 coming
                 in
                 but
                 as
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 serving
                 for
                 recreation
                 and
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 no
                 marvel
                 if
                 sleightnesse
                 in
                 its
                 handling
                 by
                 me
                 should
                 be
                 found
                 ;
                 Yet
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 I
                 hope
                 you
                 will
                 accept
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 proceeding
                 from
                 a
                 mind
                 devoted
                 to
                 serve
                 you
                 ;
                 I
                 wish
                 therefore
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 were
                 more
                 worthy
                 your
                 acceptance
                 ;
                 yet
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 I
                 humbly
                 offer
                 it
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 as
                 an
                 acknowledgement
                 of
                 what
                 I
                 desire
                 to
                 perform
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 Earnest
                 of
                 what
                 I
                 may
                 hereafter
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 shortly
                 ,
                 send
                 forth
                 after
                 this
                 ,
                 in
                 case
                 these
                 my
                 first
                 fruits
                 be
                 acceptable
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 herein
                 couched
                 many
                 hints
                 of
                 divers
                 useful
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 not
                 altogether
                 ungroundedly
                 intruded
                 into
                 this
                 Epistle
                 ,
                 as
                 having
                 dependance
                 some
                 way
                 or
                 other
                 on
                 the
                 
                 proposed
                 Subject
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 inserted
                 the
                 rather
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 such
                 touches
                 ,
                 which
                 concern
                 things
                 within
                 my
                 own
                 Sphere
                 ,
                 I
                 might
                 qualifie
                 the
                 sleight
                 texture
                 which
                 is
                 spun
                 concerning
                 the
                 propounded
                 theme
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 said
                 ,
                 an
                 enquiry
                 rather
                 of
                 my
                 spare
                 houres
                 for
                 recreation
                 ,
                 then
                 any
                 part
                 of
                 my
                 task
                 .
                 I
                 pray
                 a●cept
                 what
                 ever
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 as
                 coming
                 from
                 him
                 ,
                 who
                 would
                 have
                 bestow
                 it
                 as
                 freely
                 ,
                 if
                 of
                 farre
                 greater
                 value
                 :
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 no
                 further
                 trouble
                 you
                 ,
                 but
                 pray
                 the
                 Lord
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 the
                 fountain
                 of
                 all
                 blessing
                 ,
                 so
                 to
                 order
                 all
                 your
                 wayes
                 and
                 endeavours
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 a
                 blessing
                 to
                 all
                 those
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 you
                 devote
                 your self
                 ,
                 to
                 serve
                 by
                 all
                 your
                 pious
                 publique
                 atchievements
                 ;
                 this
                 is
                 ,
                 and
                 shall
                 be
                 the
                 Prayer
                 of
                 him
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 most
                 affectionately
              
               
                 
                   Your
                   unfeigned
                   Servan●
                
                 
                   G.
                   S.
                   
                
              
            
             
               
                 An
                 Enlargement
                 of
                 the
                 sore-going
                 Philosophicall
                 Letter
                 ,
                 explaining
                 more
                 fully
                 divers
                 of
                 those
                 desirable
                 Passages
                 for
                 general
                 Riches
                 and
                 Prosits
                 :
                 With
                 the
                 Reasons
                 why
                 no
                 more
                 is
                 discovered
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Received
                 yours
                 of
                 Admonitory
                 Annotations
                 from
                 my
                 last
                 Letter
                 touching
                 Bees
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 my
                 scope
                 and
                 intent
                 being
                 to
                 speak
                 concerning
                 Mellification
                 ,
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 yours
                 sent
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 concerning
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 Anise
                 in
                 the
                 keeping
                 of
                 Bees
                 ;
                 many
                 other
                 things
                 fell
                 in
                 accidentally
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 if
                 I
                 were
                 the
                 more
                 brief
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 more
                 venial
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 was
                 not
                 directly
                 ,
                 but
                 onely
                 collaterally
                 agreeing
                 with
                 the
                 propounded
                 scope
                 of
                 that
                 Discourse
                 .
                 I
                 shal●
                 therefore
                 ,
                 having
                 perused
                 those
                 Annotations
                 ,
                 return
                 you
                 a
                 larger
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 things
                 therein
                 contained
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 hope
                 will
                 be
                 sufficiently
                 satisfactory
                 to
                 any
                 ingenious
                 Spirit
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 first
                 Answer
                 (
                 so
                 it
                 is
                 called
                 )
                 doth
                 seem
                 to
                 desire
                 in
                 that
                 Epistle
                 an
                 open
                 candidness
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 candid
                 openness
                 :
                 in
                 that
                 I
                 conceive
                 I
                 was
                 not
                 onely
                 open
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 plain
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 doe
                 not
                 know
                 what
                 I
                 should
                 have
                 added
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 matter
                 proposed
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 have
                 exceeded
                 the
                 bounds
                 of
                 an
                 Epistle
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 I
                 
                 really
                 intended
                 what
                 I
                 said
                 ,
                 and
                 did
                 conceive
                 my
                 apertnesse
                 a
                 candid
                 Testimony
                 o●
                 my
                 intentions
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 second
                 Answer
                 ,
                 to
                 my
                 confident
                 Assertion
                 of
                 the
                 fec●b●l●ty
                 of
                 
                   Aqua
                   vitae
                
                 out
                 of
                 grain
                 unmalted
                 ,
                 &c.
                 and
                 the
                 producing
                 of
                 Wine
                 out
                 of
                 fruit
                 and
                 also
                 grain
                 ,
                 equal
                 to
                 Spanish
                 and
                 French
                 Wines
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 meanes
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 I
                 conceive
                 ,
                 that
                 what
                 was
                 written
                 is
                 sufficiently
                 full
                 and
                 plain
                 .
                 For
                 to
                 write
                 a
                 Receipt
                 is
                 a
                 thing
                 both
                 ●●●●●sh
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 so
                 convenient
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 first
                 ,
                 a
                 man
                 who
                 doth
                 try
                 many
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 doth
                 not
                 observe
                 so
                 nicely
                 all
                 the
                 Circumstances
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 he
                 were
                 to
                 improve
                 the
                 same
                 for
                 profit
                 ,
                 onely
                 takes
                 notice
                 what
                 is
                 the
                 effect
                 of
                 his
                 Experiments
                 in
                 general
                 .
                 Now
                 it
                 is
                 certa●n
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 matter
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 quality
                 of
                 operation
                 on
                 the
                 matter
                 ,
                 may
                 differ
                 but
                 little
                 as
                 to
                 ap●arency
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 work
                 a
                 plain
                 distinct
                 effect
                 .
                 Besides
                 there
                 is
                 not
                 any
                 one
                 Mechanick
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 its
                 Basis
                 on
                 Phyloso●hy
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 there
                 are
                 not
                 many
                 errors
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 an
                 Artist
                 ,
                 that
                 hath
                 been
                 long
                 versed
                 in
                 the
                 Practique
                 ,
                 may
                 hap
                 to
                 fall
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 may
                 thank
                 gray-headed
                 Experience
                 for
                 teaching
                 him
                 to
                 amend
                 his
                 errors
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 some
                 casu●●
                 disasters
                 no
                 remedy
                 yet
                 hath
                 be●n
                 ●ound
                 ,
                 either
                 totally
                 and
                 infall●bly
                 to
                 p●event
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 amend
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 as
                 i●
                 Malting
                 ,
                 Brewing
                 ,
                 Tanning
                 .
                 Sope-boyling
                 ,
                 &c.
                 which
                 ●
                 might
                 instance
                 in
                 ,
                 is
                 need
                 required
                 ,
                 and
                 time
                 would
                 permit
                 .
              
               
                 So
                 then
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 know
                 that
                 out
                 of
                 such
                 Materials
                 such
                 a
                 product
                 ma●
                 be
                 ,
                 yet
                 I
                 knew
                 withall
                 ,
                 that
                 my
                 sel●
                 have
                 in
                 my
                 Experiments
                 o●●
                 b●en
                 frustrated
                 ,
                 even
                 in
                 those
                 things
                 which
                 before
                 I
                 had
                 done
                 ,
                 which
                 〈◊〉
                 could
                 not
                 on
                 so
                 few
                 trials
                 know
                 to
                 what
                 cause
                 direc●ly
                 to
                 asc●●be
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 〈◊〉
                 things
                 b●●me
                 found
                 by
                 casualty
                 ,
                 I
                 can
                 hardly
                 hit
                 the
                 same
                 thing
                 ●gai●
                 ,
                 ●●en
                 ●
                 assay
                 it
                 (
                 d●●industria
                 )
                 without
                 sometimes
                 various
                 errors
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 not
                 an
                 edifying
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 a
                 stumbling
                 cou●se
                 ,
                 to
                 la●
                 down
                 a
                 Receipt
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 so
                 many
                 words
                 to
                 relate
                 my
                 own
                 Enchei●●a
                 in
                 its
                 particularities
                 ,
                 would
                 be
                 tedious
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 so
                 us●ful
                 ,
                 for
                 I
                 know
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 who
                 tries
                 many
                 fortuitous
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 seek
                 for
                 any
                 pa●ticular
                 thing
                 ,
                 before
                 proposed
                 to
                 himself
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 to
                 see
                 what
                 will
                 proceed
                 from
                 such
                 and
                 such
                 things
                 so
                 ordered
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 conceived
                 ,
                 that
                 what
                 he
                 attaines
                 to
                 is
                 by
                 the
                 farthest
                 way
                 about
                 ,
                 which
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 in
                 
                 those
                 accidental
                 trials
                 ,
                 proves
                 the
                 nearest
                 way
                 home
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 if
                 this
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 further
                 proved
                 upon
                 the
                 account
                 of
                 profit
                 ,
                 another
                 course
                 must
                 be
                 taken
                 ,
                 of
                 doing
                 in
                 greater
                 quantity
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 easiest
                 and
                 shortest
                 Method
                 is
                 desired
                 .
                 Therefore
                 I
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 Traveller
                 ,
                 did
                 intend
                 onely
                 a
                 relation
                 of
                 things
                 fecible
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 my self
                 again
                 proved
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 my
                 reputation
                 affirm
                 ,
                 both
                 possibly
                 and
                 easie
                 in
                 nature
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 I
                 did
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 Good
                 which
                 might
                 accrew
                 to
                 the
                 Publique
                 by
                 the
                 prosecution
                 of
                 your
                 Design
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 storing
                 the
                 Land
                 with
                 Corn
                 ,
                 Fruits
                 and
                 Honey
                 .
                 I
                 added
                 the
                 Meanes
                 or
                 Key
                 ,
                 both
                 for
                 the
                 one
                 and
                 other
                 ,
                 namely
                 ,
                 by
                 reiterated
                 fermentation
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 writing
                 ,
                 I
                 wrote
                 to
                 such
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 some
                 measure
                 understood
                 Phylosophy
                 ,
                 who
                 weighing
                 the
                 effect
                 with
                 its
                 causes
                 ,
                 might
                 not
                 streight
                 condemn
                 my
                 Candour
                 ,
                 in
                 case
                 he
                 for
                 once
                 or
                 twice
                 should
                 prove
                 unsuccessful
                 ,
                 whereas
                 a
                 Receipt
                 is
                 every
                 mans
                 meat
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 such
                 who
                 lesse
                 understand
                 Nature
                 ,
                 what
                 Receipt
                 can
                 be
                 full
                 enough
                 .
                 For
                 he
                 who
                 writes
                 ,
                 measures
                 other
                 mens
                 understanding
                 partly
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 he
                 understands
                 fully
                 and
                 scientifically
                 ,
                 he
                 presupposeth
                 another
                 will
                 understand
                 sufficiently
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 leaves
                 out
                 many
                 Circumstances
                 which
                 are
                 not
                 so
                 necessary
                 ,
                 or
                 may
                 be
                 otherwise
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 which
                 he
                 presupposes
                 (
                 praecognita
                 )
                 or
                 what
                 a
                 small
                 insight
                 into
                 practique
                 Phylosophy
                 may
                 dictate
                 .
                 My
                 meaning
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 those
                 Experiments
                 were
                 not
                 so
                 reiterated
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Tanners
                 making
                 his
                 liquor
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 possibly
                 throw
                 the
                 Receipts
                 into
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 every
                 one
                 that
                 could
                 but
                 gape
                 .
                 For
                 what
                 I
                 try
                 in
                 a
                 gallon
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 should
                 prescribe
                 in
                 that
                 quantity
                 ,
                 my
                 Receipt
                 would
                 be
                 contemptible
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 should
                 analogize
                 by
                 proportion
                 ,
                 my
                 Doctrine
                 might
                 be
                 uncertain
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 particular
                 which
                 is
                 most
                 certain
                 in
                 the
                 general
                 .
                 My
                 Work
                 is
                 to
                 hint
                 to
                 the
                 Ingenuous
                 what
                 may
                 be
                 done
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 be
                 sufficient
                 that
                 (
                 
                   fide
                   bona
                
                 )
                 I
                 deliver
                 what
                 is
                 really
                 true
                 in
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 adde
                 the
                 onely
                 Meanes
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 by
                 reiterate
                 fermentation
                 .
                 But
                 yet
                 to
                 adde
                 what
                 light
                 I
                 can
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 who
                 would
                 attempt
                 this
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 ,
                 so
                 farre
                 as
                 in
                 me
                 is
                 ,
                 discover
                 things
                 more
                 punctually
              
               
                 First
                 as
                 to
                 
                   Aqua
                   vitae
                
                 ,
                 let
                 Pease
                 be
                 taken
                 and
                 steeped
                 in
                 as
                 much
                 water
                 as
                 will
                 cover
                 them
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 swell
                 and
                 Corn
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 so
                 ordered
                 as
                 Barley
                 is
                 for
                 the
                 Malting
                 ,
                 onely
                 with
                 this
                 difference
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 this
                 work
                 if
                 they
                 sprout
                 twice
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 Barley
                 
                 doth
                 in
                 making
                 Malt
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 better
                 :
                 these
                 Pease
                 thus
                 sprouted
                 if
                 beaten
                 small
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 easily
                 done
                 they
                 being
                 so
                 tender
                 ,
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 vessel
                 ,
                 and
                 stopt
                 with
                 a
                 Bung
                 and
                 a
                 R●g
                 as
                 usually
                 ,
                 these
                 will
                 ferment
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 two
                 ,
                 or
                 three
                 ,
                 or
                 four
                 moneths
                 ,
                 if
                 distilled
                 ,
                 will
                 really
                 perform
                 what
                 I
                 promised
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Water
                 that
                 soaked
                 them
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 good
                 to
                 save
                 ,
                 either
                 for
                 the
                 soaking
                 of
                 fresh
                 ,
                 or
                 for
                 putting
                 on
                 them
                 ,
                 being
                 beaten
                 ,
                 which
                 else
                 require
                 some
                 quantity
                 of
                 water
                 to
                 be
                 added
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 much
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 may
                 be
                 done
                 in
                 all
                 other
                 Grain
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 addition
                 of
                 refuse
                 Honey
                 will
                 advance
                 (
                 as
                 to
                 quantity
                 of
                 Spirit
                 )
                 exceedingly
                 .
                 Thus
                 may
                 a
                 Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Aqua
                   vitae
                
                 be
                 made
                 out
                 of
                 any
                 green
                 growing
                 thing
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 leaves
                 being
                 fermented
                 ,
                 will
                 yeild
                 a
                 small
                 quantity
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 Spirit
                 .
                 So
                 Roots
                 ,
                 Berries
                 and
                 Seeds
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 not
                 oyly
                 ,
                 yea
                 and
                 those
                 which
                 are
                 oyly
                 ,
                 whose
                 fatnesse
                 is
                 essential
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 distilled
                 over
                 in
                 an
                 Alembick
                 with
                 water
                 ,
                 will
                 afford
                 some
                 more
                 ,
                 some
                 lesse
                 of
                 
                   Aqua
                   vitae
                
                 .
                 Let
                 me
                 adde
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Spirit
                 which
                 is
                 made
                 out
                 of
                 Grain
                 not
                 dryed
                 into
                 Malt
                 ,
                 is
                 more
                 pleasant
                 than
                 the
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 adde
                 my
                 opinion
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 I
                 would
                 try
                 further
                 in
                 this
                 case
                 .
                 I
                 would
                 often
                 stir
                 the
                 matter
                 in
                 fermentation
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 once
                 a
                 day
                 ,
                 during
                 the
                 first
                 twenty
                 dayes
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 first
                 week
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 begins
                 to
                 work
                 ,
                 give
                 it
                 a
                 small
                 vent
                 ,
                 which
                 to
                 me
                 seemes
                 a
                 wa●
                 of
                 bettering
                 the
                 fermentation
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 consequent
                 of
                 augmenting
                 and
                 meliorating
                 the
                 Spirit
                 .
                 But
                 in
                 this
                 I
                 leave
                 every
                 man
                 to
                 his
                 own
                 ●ngeny
                 ,
                 and
                 should
                 be
                 glad
                 to
                 have
                 these
                 my
                 Experiments
                 ripened
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 of
                 many
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 as
                 to
                 Vinification
                 ,
                 let
                 me
                 for
                 a
                 ground
                 lay
                 this
                 down
                 for
                 a
                 Position
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 vegetable
                 Spirit
                 in
                 all
                 Hearbs
                 ,
                 Trees
                 ,
                 Plants
                 ,
                 and
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 Berries
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 Seeds
                 ,
                 (
                 not
                 of
                 a
                 grosse
                 oyly
                 nature
                 )
                 is
                 vinous
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 Grain
                 and
                 fruit
                 more
                 especially
                 of
                 the
                 later
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 Grape
                 is
                 but
                 one
                 Species
                 .
                 Now
                 in
                 both
                 ,
                 the
                 Rule
                 to
                 distinguish
                 the
                 copiousnesse
                 of
                 this
                 vertue
                 is
                 the
                 sweetnesse
                 ;
                 for
                 by
                 how
                 much
                 the
                 more
                 of
                 that
                 ,
                 by
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 more
                 of
                 the
                 Vinous
                 Spirit
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 Honey
                 is
                 a
                 Vegetable
                 Magistery
                 ,
                 in
                 part
                 perfected
                 by
                 the
                 Specifick
                 virtue
                 of
                 the
                 flour
                 ,
                 &c.
                 on
                 which
                 the
                 dew
                 falling
                 ,
                 is
                 made
                 sweeter
                 than
                 of
                 it self
                 it
                 was
                 ,
                 (
                 yet
                 formally
                 distinguished
                 
                 from
                 Honey
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 oft
                 proved
                 by
                 disti●l●tion
                 )
                 but
                 is
                 compleated
                 by
                 the
                 peerlesse
                 virtue
                 of
                 the
                 Bee
                 ,
                 which
                 doth
                 transmute
                 that
                 sweetnesse
                 into
                 a
                 new
                 Creature
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 Honey
                 .
                 This
                 therefore
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 its
                 eminent
                 sweetnesse
                 ,
                 is
                 rich
                 of
                 that
                 vinous
                 Spirit
                 fore-mentioned
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 therefore
                 be
                 preferred
                 to
                 either
                 Grain
                 or
                 Fruit
                 ;
                 for
                 example
                 ;
                 Let
                 the
                 tryall
                 be
                 made
                 with
                 about
                 a
                 gallon
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 despume
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 adde
                 to
                 it
                 about
                 an
                 equall
                 part
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 or
                 three
                 parts
                 of
                 Water
                 to
                 two
                 of
                 Honey●
                 ferment
                 it
                 with
                 a
                 treble
                 fermentation
                 ;
                 and
                 after
                 six
                 moneths
                 this
                 will
                 be
                 farre
                 richer
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 tast
                 and
                 smell
                 ,
                 than
                 any
                 Wine
                 that
                 comes
                 from
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 Spanish
                 Territories
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 by
                 farre
                 .
                 But
                 as
                 the
                 price
                 of
                 good
                 Honey
                 goes
                 now
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 quart
                 of
                 Wine
                 in
                 its
                 materials
                 to
                 cost
                 a
                 shilling
                 or
                 sixteen
                 pence
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 price
                 of
                 good
                 Honey
                 ,
                 would
                 be
                 a
                 dear
                 rate
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 it
                 may
                 appear
                 ,
                 what
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 your
                 present
                 Design
                 of
                 inriching
                 us
                 with
                 store
                 of
                 Honey
                 may
                 be
                 ;
                 for
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 tried
                 ,
                 that
                 Wine
                 made
                 of
                 Honey
                 alone
                 without
                 any
                 other
                 thing
                 ,
                 thrice
                 fermented
                 as
                 it
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 gives
                 a
                 drink
                 more
                 like
                 a
                 celestial
                 Nectar
                 then
                 a
                 Terrestrial
                 Wine
                 ,
                 both
                 for
                 Taste
                 and
                 Odour
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 Graines
                 gives
                 a
                 more
                 Austere
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 alone
                 much
                 resembled
                 a
                 fyall
                 Wine
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 done
                 thus
                 .
                 Take
                 as
                 much
                 Malt
                 as
                 a
                 Cask
                 will
                 hold
                 fill
                 it
                 with
                 scalding
                 hot
                 water
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 water
                 be
                 no
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 Cask
                 will
                 hold
                 after
                 it
                 is
                 full
                 of
                 Malt
                 ;
                 let
                 it
                 soak
                 so
                 for
                 a
                 day
                 and
                 night
                 ,
                 then
                 presse
                 it
                 out
                 exquisitely
                 ,
                 as
                 Wines
                 are
                 pressed
                 ,
                 then
                 put
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 vessel
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 Yest
                 bring
                 it
                 to
                 work
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 every
                 day
                 moving
                 with
                 a
                 rod
                 ,
                 and
                 covering
                 it
                 with
                 cloths
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 giving
                 it
                 much
                 vent
                 ,
                 will
                 be
                 continued
                 at
                 least
                 six
                 or
                 seven
                 dayes
                 ,
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 better
                 if
                 the
                 vessel
                 be
                 so
                 big
                 beyond
                 what
                 it
                 containes
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 it
                 work
                 not
                 over
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 vent
                 that
                 is
                 left
                 be
                 small●
                 but
                 the
                 bung
                 so
                 closed
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 opened
                 and
                 shut
                 daily
                 for
                 to
                 stir
                 the
                 matter
                 soundly
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 ferment
                 is
                 ceased
                 ,
                 with
                 new
                 Yest
                 bring
                 it
                 to
                 a
                 second
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 to
                 a
                 third
                 fermentation
                 ,
                 observing
                 the
                 same
                 method
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 then
                 close
                 it
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 cool
                 Cellar
                 for
                 about
                 four
                 moneths
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 time
                 it
                 acquires
                 the
                 natural
                 properties
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 be
                 accordingly
                 handled
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 by
                 this
                 that
                 hath
                 so
                 plainly
                 been
                 set
                 down
                 ,
                 any
                 ingenious
                 
                 man
                 may
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 addition
                 of
                 Honey
                 in
                 a
                 various
                 proportion
                 ,
                 make
                 what
                 distinction
                 of
                 Wine
                 he
                 pleaseth
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 the
                 juyce
                 of
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 di●●erence
                 ,
                 that
                 Fruits
                 doe
                 yeild
                 a
                 Wine
                 neerer
                 to
                 Rhenish
                 and
                 French
                 then
                 to
                 Spanish
                 Wines
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 Spider
                 which
                 I
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 I
                 was
                 not
                 then
                 so
                 principled
                 in
                 P●ylosophy
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 lived
                 in
                 those
                 Islands
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 observe
                 every
                 observeable
                 thing
                 ,
                 but
                 since
                 have
                 hea●d
                 of
                 a
                 Maid
                 ,
                 who
                 of
                 that
                 Silk
                 hath
                 (
                 for
                 tryal
                 sake
                 )
                 spun
                 and
                 knit
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 gloves
                 ,
                 which
                 prove
                 no
                 whit
                 inferior
                 or
                 lesse
                 durable
                 than
                 the
                 best
                 Silk
                 ,
                 whether
                 then
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 transported
                 hither
                 or
                 no
                 ,
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 not
                 ,
                 yet
                 in
                 the
                 P●antation
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 are
                 naturally
                 (
                 being
                 under
                 this
                 Government
                 )
                 I
                 presume
                 they
                 might
                 with
                 ingenuity
                 be
                 made
                 p●ofi●able
                 ;
                 first
                 ,
                 since
                 they
                 multiply
                 so
                 abundantly
                 :
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 live
                 in
                 the
                 open
                 fields
                 ,
                 not
                 annoyed
                 with
                 weather
                 :
                 Thirdly
                 ,
                 give
                 Silk
                 so
                 copiously
                 ,
                 for
                 out
                 of
                 one
                 large
                 Spider
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 day
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 draw
                 at
                 the
                 least
                 two
                 drachins
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 have
                 an
                 intire
                 Web
                 they
                 s●end
                 little
                 after
                 it
                 is
                 made
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 fed
                 fat
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 taken
                 in
                 ones
                 hand
                 ,
                 without
                 danger
                 to
                 ones
                 self
                 ,
                 or
                 dammage
                 to
                 the
                 Creature
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 may
                 out
                 of
                 its
                 body
                 wind
                 a
                 good
                 ball
                 of
                 yellow
                 Silk
                 daily
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 washed
                 is
                 white
                 enough
                 .
                 Fourthly
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 feed
                 on
                 Flies
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 blood
                 of
                 beast
                 cloddered
                 exceedingly
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 their
                 nourishment
                 may
                 be
                 forced
                 out
                 in
                 Silk
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 as
                 naturally
                 make
                 in
                 their
                 tail
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 bag
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 Pigeons
                 Egge
                 in
                 bignesse
                 )
                 as
                 Bees
                 doe
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 if
                 the
                 Silk-worm
                 that
                 is
                 so
                 tender
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 so
                 improved
                 ,
                 being
                 so
                 hard
                 to
                 feed
                 ,
                 and
                 must
                 be
                 kept
                 in
                 houses
                 ,
                 much
                 more
                 these
                 Spiders
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 so
                 hardy
                 ;
                 and
                 will
                 feed
                 on
                 any
                 trumpery
                 (
                 and
                 who
                 knowes
                 what
                 they
                 may
                 ●e
                 brought
                 to
                 eat
                 ,
                 I
                 my self
                 have
                 fed
                 them
                 with
                 pieces
                 of
                 Figs
                 )
                 may
                 ,
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 ,
                 be
                 brought
                 to
                 singular
                 profit
                 ,
                 which●
                 if
                 kept
                 in
                 an
                 open
                 wicker
                 Cage
                 in
                 the
                 open
                 air
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 fed
                 at
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 and
                 robbed
                 of
                 their
                 Silk
                 at
                 least
                 every
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 not
                 a
                 small
                 quantity
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 .
                 I
                 perswade
                 my self
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 large
                 Spider
                 of
                 this
                 sort
                 ,
                 would
                 yeild
                 more
                 Silk
                 in
                 a
                 Summer
                 than
                 six
                 Silk-wormes
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 may
                 render
                 them
                 worth
                 the
                 keeping
                 ,
                 their
                 Silk
                 being
                 full
                 as
                 good
                 as
                 any
                 .
                 Yet
                 they
                 may
                 doe
                 as
                 well
                 here
                 as
                 the
                 Silk-worm
                 ,
                 for
                 ought
                 I
                 
                 know
                 ,
                 being
                 by
                 ten
                 fold
                 more
                 hardy
                 than
                 any
                 Silk-worm
                 ,
                 and
                 Flies
                 are
                 a
                 sufficient
                 food
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 how
                 easily
                 taken
                 I
                 need
                 not
                 mention
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 to
                 the
                 India
                 Fig
                 ,
                 the
                 usuall
                 name
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Prickled
                 Pear
                 ,
                 so
                 known
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 transportation
                 of
                 it
                 hither
                 ,
                 here
                 to
                 grow
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 enough
                 it
                 growes
                 there
                 ,
                 being
                 an
                 English
                 Plantation
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 fruit
                 it self
                 may
                 ,
                 without
                 the
                 tree
                 ,
                 be
                 yearly
                 brought
                 over
                 at
                 rates
                 reasonable
                 enough
                 ,
                 if
                 first
                 any
                 ingenious
                 man
                 (
                 whom
                 it
                 may
                 concern
                 )
                 should
                 ,
                 for
                 trial
                 sake
                 ,
                 send
                 for
                 a
                 small
                 parcel
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 tryal
                 find
                 it
                 advantageous
                 .
                 I
                 for
                 my
                 part
                 procured
                 of
                 the
                 fruit
                 for
                 my
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 and
                 found
                 the
                 generation
                 of
                 that
                 Infect
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 way
                 I
                 recommend
                 to
                 any
                 that
                 desires
                 further
                 resolution
                 in
                 that
                 Point
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 Generation
                 of
                 ●nsects
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 give
                 my
                 usuall
                 Encheiria
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 need
                 not
                 ,
                 having
                 particularly
                 set
                 down
                 the
                 same
                 work
                 ,
                 how
                 it
                 is
                 performed
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 blood
                 and
                 livers
                 of
                 beasts
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 enough
                 to
                 any
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 the
                 length
                 of
                 Hercules
                 foot
                 ,
                 could
                 calculate
                 the
                 proportion
                 of
                 his
                 whole
                 body
                 .
              
               
                 Vegetables
                 of
                 tincture
                 are
                 either
                 Hearbs
                 ,
                 Woods
                 ,
                 or
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 as
                 Berries
                 ,
                 &c.
                 as
                 for
                 Hearbs
                 ,
                 I
                 dry
                 them
                 (
                 ●●
                 dry
                 they
                 yeild
                 the
                 best
                 tincture
                 )
                 otherwise
                 stamp
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 them
                 dry
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 will
                 suffer
                 no
                 juyce
                 to
                 run
                 from
                 them
                 ,
                 (
                 this
                 in
                 the
                 Sun
                 or
                 in
                 a
                 proportionable
                 heat
                 )
                 or
                 if
                 dryed
                 ,
                 I
                 infuse
                 them
                 with
                 water
                 in
                 a
                 heat
                 about
                 twenty
                 four
                 houres
                 ,
                 then
                 vapour
                 away
                 the
                 water
                 ,
                 till
                 the
                 dissolution
                 be
                 as
                 thick
                 a●
                 sirrup
                 (
                 but
                 for
                 this
                 use
                 strain
                 them
                 not
                 from
                 the
                 feces
                 )
                 this
                 masse
                 I
                 take
                 and
                 put
                 it
                 into
                 an
                 earthen
                 or
                 wooden
                 Vessel
                 ,
                 with
                 some
                 straw
                 or
                 something
                 ,
                 and
                 bottom
                 (
                 that
                 it
                 lie
                 not
                 too
                 close
                 )
                 and
                 so
                 I
                 proportion
                 the
                 quantity
                 to
                 the
                 pot
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 air
                 may
                 come
                 about
                 ,
                 and
                 into
                 the
                 masse
                 ,
                 (
                 yet
                 not
                 too
                 much
                 )
                 then
                 I
                 set
                 this
                 Vessel
                 in
                 a
                 ditch
                 or
                 pit
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 earth
                 in
                 a
                 shady
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 about
                 it
                 some
                 wet
                 leaves
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 putrifying
                 rubbish
                 ,
                 and
                 over
                 it
                 a
                 board
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 that
                 some
                 straw
                 or
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 it
                 produces
                 ,
                 first
                 a
                 shelly
                 husky
                 Worm
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 a
                 Fly
                 of
                 the
                 tincture
                 of
                 the
                 Concrete
                 ,
                 but
                 durable
                 ,
                 and
                 somewhat
                 more
                 advanced
                 .
              
               
                 Berries
                 I
                 stamp
                 and
                 boyle
                 them
                 ,
                 or
                 evaporate
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 consistence
                 of
                 a
                 Rob
                 :
                 and
                 then
                 use
                 them
                 as
                 the
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 Woods
                 I
                 infuse
                 in
                 water
                 ,
                 being
                 pulverised
                 ,
                 and
                 boyle
                 out
                 their
                 
                 tincture
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 evaporate
                 the
                 water
                 to
                 such
                 a
                 consistence
                 as
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 use
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 like
                 way
                 .
                 The
                 Flies
                 will
                 play
                 about
                 the
                 sides
                 of
                 the
                 vessel
                 and
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 matter
                 ,
                 which
                 taken
                 ,
                 are
                 killed
                 in
                 a
                 warm
                 pan
                 or
                 stove
                 ,
                 and
                 dryed
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 kept
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 red
                 Berry
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 spake
                 in
                 my
                 former
                 Letter
                 ,
                 I
                 made
                 an
                 Insect
                 no
                 whit
                 inferiour
                 to
                 the
                 best
                 Cochmeel
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 suppose
                 I
                 have
                 added
                 sufficient
                 to
                 the
                 Information
                 of
                 the
                 weakest
                 capacity
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 my
                 History
                 of
                 one
                 who
                 did
                 so
                 feed
                 Bees
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 spake
                 of
                 in
                 my
                 first
                 Letter
                 ,
                 the
                 Gentleman
                 is
                 at
                 present
                 both
                 out
                 of
                 
                   London
                   ,
                   England
                
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 Life
                 ,
                 being
                 lately
                 dead
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 what
                 concernes
                 the
                 Doctrine
                 of
                 Fermentations
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 depends
                 the
                 unfolding
                 of
                 the
                 Mystery
                 of
                 Mellification
                 ,
                 and
                 making
                 Wax
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 reserved
                 that
                 for
                 another
                 place
                 and
                 time
                 ,
                 since
                 being
                 prolixe
                 and
                 Phylosophical
                 ,
                 it
                 doth
                 require
                 a
                 peculiar
                 Treatise
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 falling
                 on
                 it
                 here
                 ,
                 found
                 it
                 too
                 abstruse
                 to
                 be
                 briefly
                 handled
                 ,
                 lest
                 brief
                 Instances
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 should
                 be
                 forced
                 to
                 bring
                 ,
                 should
                 beget
                 a
                 thousand
                 scruples
                 and
                 new
                 questions
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 practique
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 this
                 dilemma
                 answers
                 all
                 :
                 Either
                 it
                 will
                 ,
                 or
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 ;
                 if
                 it
                 will
                 ,
                 then
                 farre
                 more
                 Bees
                 may
                 be
                 kept
                 ,
                 if
                 out
                 of
                 (
                 Not
                 Honey
                 )
                 they
                 make
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 out
                 of
                 (
                 Not
                 Wax
                 )
                 they
                 make
                 Wax
                 ,
                 by
                 an
                 actual
                 transmutation
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 experimentally
                 affirm
                 :
                 if
                 not
                 ,
                 then
                 fewer
                 can
                 be
                 kept
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 must
                 seek
                 their
                 Wax
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Gummosity
                 of
                 some
                 floures
                 ,
                 as
                 some
                 fondly
                 imagine
                 ,
                 since
                 Wax
                 formally
                 differs
                 from
                 any
                 fatness
                 under
                 Heaven
                 .
                 One
                 half
                 houres
                 attendance
                 in
                 a
                 day
                 on
                 a
                 late
                 Swarm
                 of
                 Bees
                 in
                 Iuly
                 or
                 August
                 ,
                 will
                 put
                 all
                 out
                 of
                 question
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 that
                 shall
                 try
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 experimentally
                 put
                 out
                 of
                 controversie
                 to
                 me
                 .
                 But
                 to
                 lay
                 down
                 the
                 Phylosophy
                 of
                 the
                 thing
                 will
                 maime
                 a
                 large
                 Treatise
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 in
                 Latine
                 composed
                 (
                 
                   de
                   fermentis
                
                 )
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 be
                 unwilling
                 to
                 dismember
                 ,
                 and
                 send
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 out
                 lamely
                 in
                 an
                 English
                 dresse
                 .
              
               
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 meeting
                 of
                 Wines
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 done
                 the
                 same
                 way
                 as
                 new
                 are
                 made
                 .
                 viz
                 by
                 dissolving
                 Honey
                 in
                 some
                 quantity
                 of
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 warming
                 it
                 so
                 as
                 it
                 lose
                 not
                 the
                 Spirit
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 therefore
                 done
                 in
                 a
                 close
                 Vessel
                 )
                 then
                 put
                 to
                 the
                 Vessel
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 Yest
                 (
                 or
                 otherwise
                 )
                 let
                 it
                 be
                 brought
                 to
                 a
                 thorough
                 
                 working
                 (
                 as
                 at
                 its
                 first
                 making
                 )
                 s●●t
                 recovers
                 both
                 life
                 ,
                 taste
                 ,
                 body
                 and
                 goodnesse
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 then
                 be
                 preserved
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 never
                 had
                 inclined
                 to
                 p●cking
                 .
              
               
                 Sir
                 ,
                 ●
                 hope
                 this
                 will
                 be
                 a
                 full
                 illustration
                 of
                 my
                 former
                 Letter
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 that
                 no
                 man
                 shall
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 ●●s●re
                 greater
                 candidnesse
                 .
                 I
                 commit
                 you
                 ,
                 in
                 these
                 your
                 pious
                 En●●●vours
                 of
                 the
                 Publique
                 good
                 ,
                 to
                 his
                 protection●
                 who
                 will
                 undoubtedly
                 at
                 present
                 blesse
                 you
                 in
                 this
                 your
                 Enterprise
                 ,
                 and
                 hereafter
                 requite
                 the
                 ungratefulnesse
                 of
                 men
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 on
                 this
                 account
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 ple●teous
                 reward
                 .
              
               
                 
                   I
                   am
                   ,
                   Sir
                   ,
                   your
                   most
                   affectionately
                   devoted
                   to
                   serve
                   you
                
                 
                   G.
                   S.
                   
                
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 very
                 cheap
                 way
                 to
                 keep
                 a
                 Stock
                 of
                 Bees
                 all
                 Winterlong
                 .
              
               
                 TOstes
                 of
                 bread
                 sopped
                 in
                 strong
                 Ale
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 Bee-hive
                 ,
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 and
                 cheap
                 food
                 for
                 Bees
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 they
                 will
                 not
                 leave
                 one
                 crum
                 remaining
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 will
                 be
                 fit
                 sometime
                 to
                 lay
                 some
                 dry
                 Meal
                 or
                 flo●er
                 of
                 beane●
                 ,
                 which
                 dry
                 Meal
                 is
                 given
                 them
                 sometimes
                 as
                 ●ey
                 or
                 Corn
                 is
                 to
                 Conies
                 ,
                 or
                 upland
                 pasture
                 to
                 Sheep
                 in
                 times
                 of
                 great
                 rain
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 the
                 rott
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 diseases
                 ,
                 as
                 will
                 necessarily
                 follow
                 from
                 continual
                 moist
                 food
                 .
              
               
                 By
                 this
                 meanes
                 you
                 may
                 feed
                 a
                 whole
                 Hive
                 of
                 Bees
                 for
                 eighteen
                 pence
                 or
                 two
                 shillings
                 all
                 the
                 Winterlong
                 .
              
               
                 Q.
                 Whether
                 any
                 other
                 Flower
                 or
                 Meal
                 will
                 not
                 serve
                 ?
                 And
                 whether
                 it
                 would
                 not
                 be
                 the
                 sweeter
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 the
                 better
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 Corn
                 (
                 whether
                 Beanes
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 )
                 were
                 well
                 maulted
                 ?
              
            
             
               
                 Another
                 notable
                 and
                 approved
                 Experiment
                 for
                 improving
                 of
                 Bees
                 .
              
               
                 TAke
                 an
                 handful
                 of
                 Melissa
                 (
                 that
                 is
                 an
                 hearb
                 which
                 we
                 commonly
                 call
                 Baume
                 .
                 )
              
               
                 One
                 drachm
                 of
                 Camphire
                 .
              
               
                 Half
                 a
                 drachm
                 of
                 Musk
                 dissolved
                 in
                 Rose-water
                 .
              
               
               
                 As
                 much
                 yellow
                 Bees-wax
                 as
                 is
                 sufficient
                 .
              
               
                 Oil
                 of
                 Roses
                 as
                 much
                 .
              
               
                 Stamp
                 the
                 Baume
                 and
                 the
                 Camphire
                 very
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 Waz
                 ,
                 melted
                 with
                 the
                 Oyle
                 of
                 Roses
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 make
                 it
                 up
                 into
                 a
                 masse
                 ;
                 let
                 it
                 cool
                 before
                 you
                 put
                 in
                 the
                 Musk
                 ,
                 for
                 otherwise
                 the
                 heat
                 will
                 fume
                 away
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 scent
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Take
                 of
                 this
                 masse
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 an
                 haselnut
                 ,
                 and
                 cleave
                 it
                 within
                 your
                 Bee-hive
                 .
                 It
                 will
                 much
                 increase
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 your
                 Bees
                 ,
                 not
                 onely
                 by
                 provoking
                 them
                 to
                 multiplication
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 by
                 enticing
                 many
                 strange
                 Bees
                 to
                 come
                 thither
                 ,
                 and
                 abide
                 there
                 .
                 You
                 shall
                 also
                 find
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 three
                 times
                 more
                 profit
                 than
                 otherwise
                 you
                 should
                 have
                 had
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Coppy
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 ,
                 written
                 by
                 Mr.
                 
                   William
                   Mewe
                
                 Minister
                 at
                 Easlington
                 in
                 Glocester-shire
                 ,
                 to
                 Mr.
                 
                   Nathaniel
                   Angelo
                
                 Fellow
                 of
                 Eaton
                 Colledge
                 .
              
               
                 SIR
                 ,
              
               
                 BEing
                 made
                 known
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 wish
                 it
                 had
                 been
                 by
                 a
                 better
                 Character
                 than
                 a
                 Bee-Master
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 true
                 ,
                 since
                 I
                 left
                 the
                 hot
                 service
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 an
                 Apiary
                 in
                 the
                 Country
                 ,
                 wherein
                 I
                 found
                 profit
                 enough
                 :
                 But
                 I
                 considered
                 ,
                 that
                 Wax
                 and
                 Honey
                 was
                 not
                 all
                 the
                 benefit
                 which
                 God
                 afforded
                 from
                 that
                 Creature
                 ;
                 he
                 that
                 sends
                 us
                 to
                 the
                 Ant
                 ,
                 gives
                 us
                 leave
                 to
                 observe
                 the
                 same
                 and
                 better
                 qualities
                 in
                 the
                 Bee
                 ;
                 I
                 observed
                 many
                 rarities
                 in
                 their
                 work
                 and
                 government
                 ,
                 by
                 mine
                 own
                 experience
                 upon
                 Buttlers
                 Observations
                 :
                 But
                 when
                 he
                 told
                 me
                 of
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 in
                 Plinies
                 time
                 ,
                 that
                 endeavoured
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 works
                 transparent
                 (
                 but
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 thought
                 ,
                 improbable
                 )
                 I
                 tryed
                 ,
                 and
                 finished
                 that
                 Essay
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 satisfaction
                 of
                 my self
                 and
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Invention
                 is
                 a
                 fancie
                 that
                 suits
                 with
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 that
                 Creature
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 much
                 taken
                 with
                 their
                 Grandeiur
                 ,
                 and
                 double
                 their
                 tasks
                 with
                 delight
                 ;
                 I
                 took
                 fourteen
                 quarts
                 out
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 transparent
                 Hives
                 ,
                 double
                 their
                 quantity
                 of
                 others
                 ,
                 they
                 quickly
                 paid
                 me
                 the
                 charges
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 profit
                 ,
                 and
                 doubled
                 it
                 with
                 pleasure
                 ;
                 I
                 can
                 take
                 a
                 strict
                 account
                 of
                 their
                 work
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 guesse
                 how
                 the
                 rest
                 prosper
                 .
                 Every
                 time
                 I
                 view
                 them
                 (
                 whilst
                 their
                 work
                 lasts
                 )
                 I
                 have
                 
                   aliquid
                   novi
                
                 (
                 something
                 new
                 )
                 
                 which
                 must
                 needs
                 be
                 more
                 pleasing
                 than
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 a
                 Fountain
                 ,
                 which
                 affords
                 but
                 water
                 ,
                 running
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 .
                 This
                 Honey
                 diversly
                 placed
                 with
                 diversity
                 of
                 Combs
                 ,
                 whereof
                 I
                 have
                 observed
                 six
                 fill'd
                 in
                 six
                 dayes
                 ,
                 of
                 so
                 many
                 quarts
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 was
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 a
                 Mill-dew
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 desire
                 the
                 Model
                 or
                 Description
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 give
                 the
                 same
                 to
                 you
                 that
                 I
                 did
                 to
                 Dr.
                 Wilkins
                 ,
                 Warden
                 of
                 Waddham
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 curiosity
                 ,
                 set
                 up
                 one
                 in
                 his
                 Garden
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 hear
                 ,
                 is
                 setting
                 up
                 another
                 with
                 augmentations
                 :
                 I
                 intended
                 it
                 at
                 first
                 for
                 an
                 Hyerogliphick
                 of
                 labour
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 bestowed
                 a
                 Statue
                 of
                 that
                 form
                 to
                 crown
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 three
                 yeares
                 standing
                 yeilded
                 to
                 the
                 injuries
                 of
                 the
                 Wind
                 ,
                 Weather
                 and
                 Sun
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 repaird
                 now
                 leaves
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 Pedestal
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 Inscription
                 ,
                 
                   Non
                   amissus
                   sed
                   submissus
                
                 (
                 the
                 Emblem
                 of
                 our
                 Calling
                 )
                 instead
                 thereof
                 are
                 erected
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 three
                 Trygonal
                 Dyals
                 ,
                 over
                 them
                 three
                 Weather-Glasses
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Clepsydra
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 hour
                 when
                 the
                 Sun
                 shines
                 not
                 ,
                 over
                 that
                 a
                 Cock
                 ,
                 that
                 will
                 speak
                 the
                 Winds
                 seat
                 at
                 Mid-night
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 is
                 bestowed
                 a
                 Saphigue
                 to
                 satisfie
                 the
                 Latine
                 or
                 English
                 Reader
                 ,
                 thus
                 ;
                 
                   
                     
                       Has
                       Apes
                       Dury
                       Labor
                       hic
                       Coronans
                    
                     
                       Occidit
                       ,
                       Sole
                       ,
                       &
                       B●rea
                       Maligno
                    
                     
                       Quos
                       Vigil
                       Gallus
                       Capit
                       &
                       superstes
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Clepsidra
                       Monstrat
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       Labour
                       held
                       this
                       ,
                       till
                       storm'd
                       (
                       alas
                       )
                    
                     
                       By
                       Weather
                       ,
                       Wind
                       ,
                       and
                       Sun
                       he
                       was
                       ;
                    
                     
                       All
                       which
                       are
                       wacht
                       ,
                       as
                       here
                       they
                       passe
                       ,
                    
                     
                       By
                       Diall
                       ,
                       Weather-Cock
                       and
                       Glasse
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 Thus
                 farre
                 have
                 I
                 denied
                 my self
                 to
                 gratifie
                 your
                 friendship
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 hope
                 will
                 give
                 the
                 grains
                 of
                 allowance
                 ,
                 and
                 concealment
                 to
                 a
                 suddain
                 paper
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 deny
                 to
                 the
                 Bearer
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 from
                 you
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 you
                 please
                 to
                 take
                 a
                 sheet
                 and
                 napkin
                 with
                 me
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 ,
                 we
                 shall
                 discourse
                 of
                 this
                 ,
                 and
                 better
                 Matters
                 .
              
               
               
                 Mr.
                 Hartlib
                 is
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 whom
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 your
                 worthy
                 Report
                 ,
                 I
                 never
                 saw
                 his
                 Works
                 ,
                 but
                 shall
                 get
                 them
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 I
                 can
                 ,
                 if
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 time
                 he
                 shall
                 visit
                 me
                 in
                 person
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 letter
                 ,
                 with
                 Questions
                 within
                 my
                 sphere
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 a
                 Flint
                 that
                 give
                 fire
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 stroke
                 ;
                 I
                 like
                 them
                 well
                 that
                 veiw
                 
                   Magnalia
                   Dei
                   in
                   Minimis
                
                 ,
                 if
                 every
                 man
                 of
                 my
                 ability
                 ,
                 through
                 the
                 Land
                 ,
                 cherished
                 so
                 many
                 Hives
                 as
                 I
                 doe
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 in
                 our
                 Common-wealths
                 way
                 300000
                 
                   per
                   annum
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 lost
                 by
                 negligence
                 or
                 ignorance
                 of
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 that
                 Creature
                 .
                 When
                 I
                 see
                 you
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 offer
                 more
                 to
                 your
                 consideration
                 than
                 is
                 fitting
                 to
                 be
                 written
                 ;
                 the
                 Lord
                 furnish
                 you
                 and
                 me
                 with
                 ability
                 ,
                 and
                 fidelity
                 ,
                 in
                 our
                 Calling
                 ,
                 For
                 't
                 is
                 no
                 great
                 honour
                 (
                 saith
                 Plutarch
                 )
                 to
                 be
                 excellent
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Easlington
                   this
                   19th
                   of
                   September
                   .
                   1653.
                   
                
                 
                   True
                   Friend
                   ,
                   Your
                   Faithful
                   Servant
                   ,
                
                 
                   WILL.
                   MEVVE
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Coppy
                 Mr.
                 Hartlib's
                 Letter
                 to
                 that
                 worthy
                 Minister
                 ,
                 at
                 Easlington
                 ,
                 Mr.
                 
                   Will.
                   Mewe
                
                 .
              
               
                 SIR
                 ,
              
               
                 I
                 Am
                 willing
                 to
                 confesse
                 my
                 fault
                 (
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 a
                 fault
                 )
                 that
                 my
                 worthy
                 Friend
                 Mr.
                 Angelo
                 took
                 notice
                 of
                 you
                 ,
                 as
                 an
                 excellent
                 Bee-Master
                 :
                 for
                 knowing
                 you
                 by
                 your
                 other
                 better
                 Characters
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 so
                 publique
                 ,
                 that
                 none
                 can
                 be
                 ignorant
                 thereof
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 heard
                 of
                 your
                 name
                 ,
                 I
                 gave
                 him
                 notice
                 of
                 your
                 rare
                 industry
                 (
                 a
                 thing
                 not
                 so
                 publiquely
                 known
                 as
                 it
                 deserves
                 )
                 in
                 discovering
                 the
                 industriousnesse
                 of
                 that
                 pretty
                 Creature
                 ,
                 and
                 my
                 design
                 was
                 to
                 get
                 him
                 to
                 write
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 some
                 overture
                 for
                 me
                 ,
                 to
                 use
                 freedome
                 afterwards
                 with
                 you
                 about
                 that
                 Subject
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 having
                 done
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 having
                 entertained
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 alacrity
                 ,
                 and
                 hearty
                 expressions
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 bound
                 to
                 thank
                 you
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 desirous
                 to
                 expresse
                 my
                 thankfulnesse
                 with
                 such
                 Communications
                 ,
                 as
                 are
                 within
                 the
                 sphere
                 of
                 my
                 activity
                 of
                 this
                 kind
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 any
                 other
                 better
                 matters
                 of
                 a
                 publique
                 nature
                 ;
                 
                 and
                 in
                 testimony
                 hereof
                 ,
                 be
                 pleased
                 to
                 accept
                 of
                 the
                 adjoyned
                 Packet
                 with
                 several
                 Treatises
                 and
                 Books
                 ,
                 wherein
                 also
                 you
                 will
                 happily
                 find
                 something
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 give
                 occasion
                 to
                 your
                 ingenious
                 spirit
                 ,
                 to
                 try
                 some
                 other
                 Conclusions
                 of
                 Husbandry
                 with
                 delight
                 and
                 profit
                 :
                 For
                 God's
                 Way
                 's
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 find
                 them
                 out
                 are
                 full
                 of
                 both
                 ;
                 and
                 I
                 am
                 apt
                 to
                 believe
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 God
                 set
                 Adam
                 in
                 the
                 Garden
                 Eden
                 to
                 keep
                 it
                 and
                 dresse
                 it
                 ,
                 He
                 meant
                 to
                 exercise
                 his
                 Industry
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 about
                 the
                 discovery
                 of
                 the
                 fruitfulnesse
                 of
                 perfect
                 nature
                 ,
                 which
                 could
                 not
                 be
                 without
                 much
                 delight
                 to
                 his
                 understanding
                 ,
                 as
                 about
                 the
                 pleasantnesse
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 could
                 have
                 by
                 dressing
                 increased
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 compleatly
                 answerable
                 to
                 the
                 perfection
                 of
                 his
                 own
                 imagination
                 .
                 For
                 although
                 there
                 was
                 nothing
                 imperfect
                 in
                 Nature
                 before
                 the
                 Curse
                 ,
                 yet
                 all
                 the
                 imaginable
                 perfections
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 seminal
                 properties
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 contained
                 ,
                 were
                 not
                 actually
                 existent
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 instant
                 ;
                 the
                 kinds
                 were
                 each
                 distinct
                 by
                 themselves
                 ,
                 without
                 any
                 defect
                 ,
                 but
                 what
                 Marriages
                 and
                 Combinations
                 there
                 might
                 be
                 made
                 between
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 the
                 effects
                 thereof
                 would
                 be
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 proper
                 Agents
                 and
                 Patients
                 should
                 meet
                 ,
                 I
                 suppose
                 was
                 left
                 to
                 his
                 industry
                 to
                 try
                 :
                 and
                 although
                 we
                 now
                 come
                 farre
                 short
                 of
                 that
                 knowledge
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 had
                 in
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Womb
                 ,
                 thereof
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 that
                 Curse
                 is
                 shut
                 up
                 unto
                 us
                 :
                 Yet
                 we
                 find
                 by
                 Experience
                 ,
                 that
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 her
                 faithful
                 and
                 laborious
                 Servants
                 ,
                 and
                 find
                 out
                 the
                 Seat
                 of
                 Gods
                 Vertue
                 in
                 her
                 ,
                 to
                 trace
                 the
                 Way
                 of
                 his
                 Operation
                 ,
                 She
                 rewards
                 alwayes
                 their
                 paines
                 both
                 with
                 profit
                 and
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 your
                 Answer
                 to
                 my
                 fore-named
                 worthy
                 Friend
                 you
                 bear
                 witnesse
                 unto
                 ,
                 when
                 you
                 tell
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 your
                 Apiary
                 in
                 the
                 Country
                 ,
                 you
                 not
                 onely
                 found
                 profit
                 enough
                 (
                 and
                 what
                 you
                 mean
                 by
                 enough
                 is
                 left
                 to
                 our
                 conjecture
                 )
                 but
                 that
                 besides
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 Wax
                 and
                 Honey
                 ,
                 you
                 gained
                 more
                 delightful
                 Observations
                 of
                 their
                 Working
                 ,
                 and
                 Government
                 ,
                 then
                 happily
                 the
                 Ant
                 can
                 afford
                 us
                 ;
                 which
                 because
                 I
                 doe
                 very
                 fully
                 believe
                 ,
                 therefore
                 I
                 am
                 an
                 humble
                 Sutor
                 unto
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 some
                 spare
                 time
                 you
                 would
                 renew
                 to
                 your
                 own
                 memory
                 your
                 delightful
                 contemplation
                 of
                 the
                 rare
                 qualities
                 of
                 that
                 Creature
                 ,
                 and
                 putting
                 them
                 to
                 paper
                 ,
                 shew
                 forth
                 the
                 Wisdome
                 of
                 the
                 Creator
                 therein
                 ,
                 for
                 such
                 things
                 should
                 not
                 be
                 concealed
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 are
                 reall
                 Demonstrations
                 of
                 his
                 Power
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 I
                 am
                 perswaded
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 take
                 it
                 in
                 good
                 part
                 ,
                 that
                 such
                 as
                 love
                 Him
                 for
                 Himself
                 are
                 curious
                 to
                 know
                 the
                 Workmanship
                 o●
                 his
                 hands
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wayes
                 by
                 which
                 the
                 best
                 discovery
                 thereof
                 is
                 made
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 then
                 upon
                 this
                 account
                 you
                 would
                 let
                 some
                 of
                 your
                 sparkes
                 flie
                 abroad
                 amongst
                 us
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 perhaps
                 kindle
                 some
                 light
                 more
                 than
                 we
                 have
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 due
                 time
                 may
                 reflect
                 with
                 some
                 heat
                 upon
                 your self
                 back
                 again
                 .
                 For
                 you
                 tell
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 Dr.
                 Wilkins
                 ,
                 Warden
                 of
                 Wadham
                 ,
                 is
                 setting
                 up
                 a
                 Glasse-Hive
                 in
                 his
                 Garden
                 ,
                 with
                 augmentations
                 to
                 that
                 Model
                 which
                 he
                 received
                 from
                 you
                 ,
                 which
                 no
                 doubt
                 he
                 is
                 obliged
                 to
                 impart
                 unto
                 you
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 Father
                 of
                 the
                 Invention
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 I
                 may
                 be
                 so
                 happy
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 your
                 Schollar
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 your
                 own
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 is
                 super-added
                 by
                 him
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 my
                 Friends
                 and
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 altogether
                 unfruitful
                 ,
                 at
                 least
                 we
                 shall
                 not
                 be
                 unmindful
                 of
                 you
                 ,
                 but
                 give
                 some
                 return
                 of
                 what
                 our
                 Experiments
                 may
                 produce
                 .
                 But
                 to
                 doe
                 this
                 we
                 must
                 be
                 set
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 by
                 you
                 ;
                 therefore
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 beg
                 a
                 full
                 Description
                 of
                 your
                 transparent
                 Hive
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Parts
                 and
                 Dimensions
                 thereof
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 have
                 any
                 to
                 spare
                 (
                 now
                 the
                 season
                 is
                 past
                 )
                 and
                 would
                 send
                 one
                 up
                 by
                 the
                 Carrier
                 which
                 comes
                 from
                 your
                 parts
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 undertake
                 to
                 see
                 it
                 sent
                 back
                 again
                 unto
                 you
                 without
                 your
                 cost
                 .
                 If
                 you
                 have
                 many
                 Glasse-Hives
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 be
                 the
                 better
                 able
                 to
                 gratifie
                 me
                 herein
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 you
                 have
                 none
                 to
                 spare
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 rest
                 satisfied
                 with
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 shall
                 be
                 pleased
                 to
                 afford
                 me
                 with
                 your
                 convenience
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Reason
                 wherefore
                 in
                 the
                 Glasse-Hives
                 the
                 Bees
                 should
                 double
                 their
                 Work
                 ,
                 and
                 delight
                 in
                 their
                 Grandeiur
                 ,
                 I
                 conceive
                 ,
                 by
                 what
                 you
                 write
                 ,
                 is
                 discernable
                 ,
                 but
                 as
                 yet
                 I
                 cannot
                 reach
                 it
                 ,
                 till
                 by
                 your
                 Experience
                 and
                 Sagacity
                 the
                 hint
                 be
                 given
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 may
                 in
                 due
                 time
                 by
                 my self
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 Friends
                 ,
                 make
                 also
                 a
                 tryall
                 thereof
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 have
                 you
                 yet
                 been
                 able
                 to
                 make
                 any
                 estimate
                 of
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 Wax
                 and
                 Honey
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 are
                 able
                 to
                 give
                 one
                 year
                 with
                 another
                 ,
                 seeing
                 you
                 speak
                 a
                 very
                 big
                 word
                 of
                 300000
                 lt
                 .
                 a
                 year
                 ,
                 which
                 might
                 accrew
                 to
                 the
                 Nation
                 from
                 this
                 little
                 Creature
                 ?
                 I
                 make
                 no
                 doubt
                 ,
                 but
                 you
                 are
                 able
                 to
                 make
                 thi
                 ,
                 out
                 ,
                 although
                 it
                 doth
                 ,
                 I
                 confesse
                 ,
                 goe
                 beyond
                 my
                 reach
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 raise
                 the
                 Industrie
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 used
                 towards
                 the
                 Common-wealth
                 
                 of
                 Bees
                 in
                 this
                 Nation
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 a
                 thing
                 worth
                 your
                 publique
                 disposition
                 to
                 give
                 a
                 Demonstration
                 thereof
                 ;
                 for
                 I
                 suppose
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 grounded
                 more
                 upon
                 the
                 plenty
                 ,
                 which
                 your
                 new
                 Invention
                 doth
                 yeild
                 ,
                 then
                 upon
                 the
                 ordinary
                 way
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 happily
                 your
                 Experience
                 to
                 something
                 also
                 extraordinary
                 concerning
                 the
                 feeding
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 the
                 Hiving
                 of
                 that
                 industrious
                 Creature
                 ,
                 will
                 give
                 some
                 further
                 addition
                 .
                 For
                 no
                 doubt
                 there
                 are
                 certain
                 Hearbs
                 which
                 make
                 them
                 thrive
                 better
                 than
                 others
                 ,
                 of
                 all
                 which
                 ,
                 if
                 at
                 your
                 convenient
                 time
                 you
                 will
                 be
                 as
                 good
                 as
                 you●●ord
                 ,
                 a
                 good
                 Flint
                 to
                 give
                 fire
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 stroke
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 give
                 some
                 of
                 us
                 cause
                 here
                 to
                 rejoyce
                 in
                 your
                 light
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 dare
                 promise
                 by
                 the
                 grace
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 your
                 sparkes
                 will
                 not
                 fall
                 in
                 vain
                 ,
                 but
                 will
                 find
                 good
                 tinder
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 many
                 candles
                 may
                 be
                 lighted
                 in
                 due
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 see
                 how
                 large
                 and
                 free
                 I
                 am
                 ,
                 but
                 your
                 Ingenuity
                 hath
                 provoked
                 me
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 aime
                 at
                 nothing
                 ,
                 but
                 what
                 may
                 be
                 an
                 advantage
                 to
                 the
                 Publique
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 matter
                 of
                 credit
                 and
                 due
                 respect
                 to
                 be
                 yeilded
                 to
                 your self
                 ,
                 by
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   
                     From
                     my
                     house
                     neer
                     Charing
                     Crosse
                     over
                     against
                  
                   Angel
                   -
                   
                     Court
                     ,
                     the
                  
                   17.
                   
                   November
                   ,
                   1653.
                   
                
                 
                   SIR
                   ,
                   Your
                   ever
                   faithfull
                   ,
                   and
                   most
                   willing
                   Friend
                   to
                   serve
                   you
                   ,
                
                 
                   SAMUELL
                   HARTLIB
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 An
                 Extract
                 of
                 Mr.
                 
                 Mewe's
                 Answer
                 to
                 Mr.
                 
                 Hartlib's
                 Letter
                 .
              
               
                 Worthy
                 Sir
                 ,
              
               
                 THe
                 knocks
                 and
                 calls
                 of
                 two
                 such
                 unknown
                 Friends
                 ,
                 as
                 your self
                 and
                 Mr.
                 Angelo
                 ,
                 coming
                 with
                 such
                 choyce
                 Books
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 much
                 candor
                 ,
                 
                   exprest
                   in
                   too
                   many
                   ,
                   and
                   two
                   friendly
                   Letters
                   ,
                
                 were
                 enough
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 sourest
                 Hermite
                 look
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 Cell
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 he
                 spies
                 the
                 coasts
                 clear
                 without
                 Swords
                 and
                 Pistols
                 .
                 The
                 truth
                 is
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 but
                 one
                 of
                 many
                 my
                 fellow
                 Shepherds
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 taken
                 Sanctuary
                 in
                 our
                 Cotts
                 ,
                 ever
                 since
                 the
                 Alarme
                 was
                 
                 given
                 us
                 by
                 the
                 Anti-Pastoral
                 Party
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 likely
                 to
                 be
                 stript
                 to
                 the
                 Bag
                 and
                 Bottle
                 ,
                 you
                 cannot
                 blame
                 us
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 whistle
                 away
                 some
                 of
                 our
                 sad
                 and
                 spare
                 houres
                 (
                 whilst
                 Shepherds
                 are
                 smitten
                 ,
                 and
                 Sheep
                 scatter'd
                 )
                 to
                 observe
                 
                   Magnalia
                   Dei
                   in
                   Minimis
                
                 .
                 Melancholy
                 loosers
                 will
                 rather
                 play
                 at
                 small
                 games
                 than
                 give
                 over
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 I
                 saw
                 God
                 make
                 good
                 his
                 Threat
                 (
                 
                   Solvam
                   Cingulae
                   Regum
                
                 )
                 and
                 break
                 the
                 Reines
                 of
                 Government
                 ,
                 I
                 observed
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 pretty
                 Bird
                 (
                 whereof
                 you
                 write
                 )
                 was
                 true
                 to
                 that
                 Government
                 ,
                 wherein
                 God
                 and
                 Nature
                 had
                 set
                 it
                 to
                 serve
                 .
                 Hereupon
                 my
                 pleasure
                 began
                 to
                 vie
                 with
                 my
                 profit
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 was
                 willing
                 ,
                 for
                 once
                 ,
                 to
                 yeild
                 the
                 stakes
                 to
                 my
                 pleasure
                 .
              
               
                 Briefly
                 Sir
                 ,
                 being
                 sent
                 for
                 up
                 amongst
                 others
                 of
                 my
                 Profession
                 ,
                 to
                 serve
                 the
                 State
                 ,
                 I
                 left
                 a
                 Model
                 of
                 this
                 innocent
                 Phancie
                 in
                 past-board
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 my
                 return
                 (
                 by
                 the
                 care
                 of
                 my
                 vertuous
                 Wife
                 ,
                 now
                 with
                 God
                 )
                 I
                 found
                 set
                 up
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 my
                 Garden
                 in
                 plain
                 Free-stone
                 ;
                 In
                 this
                 I
                 placed
                 an
                 upper
                 and
                 lower
                 Hive
                 ,
                 over
                 them
                 a
                 Trygonal
                 Dial
                 ,
                 over
                 that
                 three
                 Weather
                 Glasses
                 ,
                 over
                 that
                 a
                 Water-watch
                 topt
                 with
                 a
                 Weather-cock
                 :
                 This
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 stead
                 of
                 the
                 Statue
                 of
                 labour
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Wind
                 and
                 Weather
                 had
                 brought
                 from
                 top
                 to
                 bottom
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 obvious
                 to
                 my
                 Phantasie
                 ,
                 to
                 conceit
                 this
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Hyerogliphick
                 of
                 their
                 Hyerarchy
                 ,
                 whose
                 labour
                 was
                 lost
                 in
                 their
                 Grandeiur
                 ,
                 and
                 brought
                 to
                 that
                 low
                 price
                 ,
                 that
                 any
                 of
                 their
                 meanest
                 quality
                 might
                 come
                 up
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 taken
                 at
                 his
                 word
                 ,
                 though
                 he
                 bid
                 never
                 so
                 meanly
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 considered
                 ,
                 that
                 God
                 gives
                 us
                 leave
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 most
                 and
                 best
                 we
                 can
                 of
                 those
                 Relicks
                 of
                 his
                 goodness
                 ,
                 whereof
                 we
                 have
                 baffled
                 away
                 the
                 better
                 part
                 ;
                 as
                 those
                 Travellers
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 benighted
                 themselves
                 by
                 their
                 frolick
                 baitings
                 ,
                 make
                 much
                 of
                 their
                 diversified
                 reflections
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 set
                 in
                 the
                 Clouds
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 they
                 have
                 almost
                 lost
                 his
                 light
                 ,
                 make
                 pass-time
                 with
                 his
                 colours
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 will
                 excuse
                 me
                 (
                 in
                 case
                 I
                 fall
                 short
                 of
                 that
                 profit
                 which
                 you
                 suspect
                 I
                 make
                 )
                 that
                 I
                 begin
                 and
                 stand
                 so
                 long
                 upon
                 the
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 and
                 shall
                 now
                 take
                 leave
                 to
                 surfet
                 you
                 with
                 my
                 Honey-sops
                 ,
                 before
                 ●light
                 you
                 out
                 with
                 my
                 Wax-tapers
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 as
                 you
                 like
                 this
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 call
                 again
                 at
                 my
                 Hermitage
                 .
              
               
               
                 Now
                 what
                 concernes
                 the
                 profit
                 ,
                 you
                 tell
                 me
                 of
                 a
                 big
                 word
                 I
                 should
                 let
                 fall
                 ,
                 of
                 300000
                 
                   lib.
                   per
                   annum
                
                 ,
                 which
                 our
                 Nation
                 might
                 make
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 if
                 all
                 of
                 my
                 ability
                 would
                 undertake
                 to
                 keep
                 as
                 many
                 as
                 my self
                 ;
                 one
                 cipher
                 mistaken
                 may
                 much
                 alter
                 the
                 sum
                 ;
                 but
                 grant
                 it
                 so
                 as
                 you
                 have
                 set
                 it
                 ,
                 cast
                 it
                 thus
                 ,
                 I
                 never
                 kept
                 twenty
                 Stalls
                 ,
                 and
                 usually
                 take
                 but
                 half
                 ,
                 yet
                 doe
                 I
                 value
                 my
                 Wax
                 and
                 Honey
                 worth
                 twenty
                 Nobles
                 at
                 the
                 least
                 ;
                 Now
                 if
                 he
                 that
                 is
                 valued
                 but
                 as
                 the
                 tenth
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 Parish
                 ,
                 at
                 most
                 ,
                 can
                 make
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 what
                 may
                 the
                 rest
                 ?
                 what
                 may
                 the
                 County
                 ?
                 what
                 the
                 Nation
                 ?
              
               
                 Whereas
                 you
                 say
                 ,
                 a
                 place
                 may
                 be
                 over
                 stockt
                 (
                 granting
                 Mill-dewes
                 )
                 I
                 deny
                 it
                 .
                 Had
                 we
                 an
                 hundred
                 Hives
                 for
                 one
                 ,
                 where
                 there
                 are
                 store
                 of
                 Oakes
                 and
                 Maples
                 ,
                 the
                 place
                 cannot
                 be
                 over
                 stor'd
                 with
                 Bees
                 .
                 So
                 that
                 if
                 there
                 were
                 a
                 Statute
                 for
                 Parish
                 Bees
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 Parish
                 Butts
                 ,
                 and
                 Parochial
                 Appiaries
                 design'd
                 for
                 those
                 places
                 ,
                 where
                 observed
                 best
                 to
                 thrive
                 ,
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 why
                 a
                 Parish
                 may
                 not
                 make
                 as
                 much
                 Honey
                 (
                 as
                 one
                 Gentleman
                 of
                 Norfolk
                 )
                 viz.
                 300
                 
                   li.
                   de
                   claro
                
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 heard
                 
                   per
                   annum
                
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 your
                 design
                 of
                 feeding
                 them
                 (
                 as
                 that
                 Gentleman
                 in
                 Italy
                 )
                 I
                 conceive
                 it
                 here
                 unfeaseable
                 ,
                 or
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 it
                 would
                 not
                 quit
                 cost
                 ;
                 I
                 care
                 not
                 to
                 feed
                 them
                 ,
                 except
                 to
                 save
                 them
                 in
                 spring
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 strengthen
                 them
                 for
                 work
                 :
                 Hearbs
                 and
                 Floures
                 are
                 but
                 from
                 hand
                 to
                 mouth
                 ,
                 serve
                 for
                 Bee-bread
                 :
                 If
                 Mill-dewes
                 fall
                 not
                 ,
                 Bees
                 thrive
                 not
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 are
                 ,
                 with
                 Gods
                 blessing
                 ,
                 the
                 Antidote
                 to
                 that
                 Curse
                 :
                 As
                 for
                 your
                 honest
                 pity
                 to
                 that
                 poor
                 Creature
                 (
                 I
                 shall
                 try
                 a
                 Conclusion
                 this
                 Summer
                 which
                 may
                 save
                 some
                 few
                 Stalls
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 saving
                 (
                 poor
                 Stalls
                 )
                 we
                 dammage
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 in
                 saving
                 the
                 rich
                 )
                 our selves
                 ;
                 the
                 middle
                 sort
                 are
                 best
                 for
                 store
                 ,
                 and
                 enough
                 for
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 covetous
                 ,
                 with
                 whom
                 they
                 seldom
                 thrive
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 over
                 act
                 their
                 part
                 in
                 sparing
                 ,
                 as
                 carelesse
                 persons
                 in
                 their
                 neglect
                 of
                 keeping
                 them
                 .
                 I
                 can
                 and
                 shall
                 afford
                 you
                 what
                 satisfaction
                 you
                 please
                 ,
                 in
                 any
                 useful
                 question
                 ,
                 that
                 concernes
                 the
                 welfare
                 of
                 their
                 Common-wealth
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 my
                 transparent
                 Hives
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 but
                 two
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 not
                 moveable
                 ,
                 else
                 you
                 should
                 willingly
                 have
                 them
                 ,
                 whither
                 you
                 return'd
                 them
                 or
                 not
                 ;
                 they
                 serve
                 onely
                 to
                 give
                 me
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 daily
                 income
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 diary
                 of
                 their
                 Negotiations
                 ,
                 whereby
                 if
                 I
                 spend
                 half
                 an
                 hour
                 after
                 dinner
                 or
                 supper
                 ,
                 I
                 know
                 what
                 hath
                 
                 been
                 done
                 that
                 day
                 ;
                 can
                 shew
                 my
                 Friends
                 the
                 Queens
                 Cells
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 her
                 person
                 ,
                 with
                 her
                 Retinue
                 ;
                 she
                 afforded
                 me
                 14.
                 quarts
                 ,
                 or
                 neer
                 upon
                 ,
                 in
                 one
                 year
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 the
                 rest
                 afford
                 ten
                 a
                 piece
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 a
                 fair
                 gain
                 :
                 there
                 is
                 not
                 an
                 Hive
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 about
                 my
                 house
                 ,
                 nor
                 a
                 child
                 stung
                 in
                 a
                 year
                 :
                 My
                 Appiary
                 consists
                 of
                 a
                 row
                 of
                 little
                 houses
                 ,
                 two
                 stories
                 high
                 ,
                 two
                 foot
                 apart
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 find
                 as
                 cheap
                 at
                 seven
                 yeares
                 end
                 as
                 straw
                 hacles
                 ,
                 and
                 far
                 more
                 handsome
                 :
                 (
                 where
                 I
                 have
                 bay
                 windowes
                 I
                 have
                 a
                 set
                 of
                 unseen
                 Stalls
                 )
                 whose
                 room
                 is
                 handcomly
                 spar'd
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 company
                 very
                 harmonious
                 ,
                 especially
                 for
                 those
                 that
                 ●edge
                 in
                 their
                 Chambers
                 ,
                 whether
                 they
                 would
                 wake
                 or
                 sleep
                 ,
                 in
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 heard
                 some
                 say
                 (
                 that
                 have
                 there
                 lodged
                 )
                 they
                 would
                 give
                 twenty
                 pound
                 to
                 have
                 and
                 here
                 the
                 like
                 at
                 home
                 ;
                 the
                 pleasure
                 takes
                 some
                 ,
                 the
                 profit
                 others
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 either
                 take
                 off
                 (
                 and
                 not
                 take
                 up
                 )
                 our
                 hearts
                 in
                 minding
                 the
                 main
                 ,
                 you
                 and
                 I
                 may
                 spare
                 any
                 farther
                 enquiry
                 about
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 have
                 I
                 stept
                 out
                 of
                 my
                 way
                 ,
                 to
                 gratifie
                 you
                 in
                 the
                 exchange
                 of
                 Ink
                 and
                 Paper
                 ,
                 and
                 shall
                 be
                 ready
                 so
                 to
                 doe
                 in
                 things
                 of
                 weightier
                 concernment
                 than
                 B
                 Bs.
                 if
                 you
                 shall
                 give
                 the
                 stroke
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 hard
                 if
                 my
                 flint
                 yeild
                 not
                 some
                 sparks
                 :
                 all
                 your
                 Subjects
                 are
                 marvellously
                 well
                 pleasing
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 but
                 above
                 all
                 ,
                 your
                 most
                 Ingenious
                 and
                 Publique
                 Spirit
                 makes
                 me
                 love
                 and
                 honour
                 you
                 ;
                 onely
                 I
                 fear
                 your
                 sweetnesse
                 may
                 be
                 abus'd
                 by
                 some
                 undertakers
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 apt
                 to
                 promise
                 much
                 upon
                 the
                 score
                 of
                 hopes
                 and
                 fancies
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 you
                 will
                 say
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 done
                 enough
                 for
                 once
                 to
                 weary
                 you
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 I
                 find
                 I
                 have
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 doe
                 so
                 no
                 more
                 ,
                 but
                 rest
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   
                     Easlington
                     in
                  
                   Glocester-shire
                   20
                   
                     th
                     of
                  
                   December
                   ,
                   1653.
                   
                
                 
                   Sir
                   ,
                   your
                   endeared
                   Friend
                   ,
                   to
                   serve
                   you
                   ,
                
                 
                   WILL
                   MEVVE
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 A
                 Letter
                 ,
                 concerning
                 that
                 pleasant
                 and
                 profitable
                 Invention
                 of
                 a
                 Transparent
                 Bee-hive
                 ,
                 written
                 by
                 that
                 much
                 accomplish'd
                 ,
                 and
                 very
                 ingenious
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 Fellow
                 of
                 All-Soules
                 Colledge
                 in
                 Oxford
                 ,
                 Mr.
                 
                   Christ.
                   Wren
                
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Figure
                 and
                 Description
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Transparent
                 Bee-hive
                 .
              
               
                 HONOURED
                 SIR
                 ,
              
               
                 YOu
                 have
                 by
                 several
                 hands
                 intimated
                 your
                 Desires
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 of
                 having
                 a
                 particular
                 Description
                 of
                 our
                 three-storied-Bee-hive
                 .
                 I
                 confesse
                 I
                 was
                 not
                 over
                 forward
                 to
                 execute
                 this
                 command
                 of
                 yours
                 ;
                 and
                 my
                 reason
                 was
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Devise
                 not
                 fully
                 answering
                 our
                 own
                 expectation
                 ,
                 I
                 thought
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 much
                 more
                 unsatisfactory
                 to
                 you
                 :
                 but
                 since
                 you
                 please
                 to
                 persist
                 in
                 your
                 desires
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 Mr.
                 Rawlinson
                 told
                 me
                 the
                 other
                 day
                 )
                 I
                 can
                 be
                 no
                 longer
                 shameless
                 to
                 persist
                 in
                 my
                 incivility
                 ,
                 especially
                 prompted
                 by
                 mine
                 own
                 Ambition
                 ,
                 to
                 find
                 any
                 way
                 to
                 shew
                 my self
                 a
                 Servant
                 to
                 a
                 Person
                 so
                 eminent
                 amongst
                 the
                 Ingeniosi
                 as
                 your self
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Description
                 ,
                 I
                 think
                 ,
                 is
                 evident
                 enough
                 in
                 the
                 Paper
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 onely
                 tell
                 you
                 what
                 effects
                 we
                 find
                 .
                 Last
                 May
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 remember
                 )
                 we
                 put
                 in
                 two
                 Swarmes
                 together
                 ,
                 leaving
                 the
                 places
                 to
                 goe
                 in
                 ,
                 open
                 onely
                 in
                 the
                 lowermost
                 ,
                 but
                 all
                 the
                 passage
                 holes
                 open
                 from
                 Box
                 to
                 Box
                 :
                 in
                 the
                 middlemost
                 they
                 first
                 began
                 their
                 Combes
                 ,
                 then
                 in
                 the
                 lowermost
                 ,
                 before
                 they
                 had
                 filled
                 the
                 middlemost
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 continued
                 till
                 they
                 had
                 filled
                 both
                 ,
                 which
                 before
                 they
                 had
                 quite
                 finished
                 ,
                 they
                 began
                 to
                 make
                 two
                 little
                 Combes
                 in
                 the
                 upper
                 Box
                 ,
                 (
                 all
                 this
                 while
                 deserted
                 )
                 and
                 continued
                 besides
                 ,
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 Comb
                 of
                 the
                 middle
                 story
                 an
                 inch
                 or
                 two
                 up
                 into
                 the
                 upper
                 box
                 ,
                 filling
                 almost
                 the
                 passage
                 hole
                 quite
                 up
                 ,
                 leaving
                 themselves
                 onely
                 a
                 little
                 hole
                 ,
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 two
                 fingers
                 might
                 go
                 in
                 ,
                 for
                 their
                 passage
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 :
                 I
                 am
                 not
                 very
                 certain
                 ,
                 whether
                 this
                 was
                 not
                 done
                 at
                 first
                 when
                 they
                 wrought
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 Box
                 ,
                 and
                 whether
                 this
                 was
                 not
                 the
                 reason
                 ,
                 why
                 they
                 wrought
                 so
                 little
                 in
                 the
                 upper
                 Box
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 stopped
                 themselves
                 up
                 from
                 an
                 easie
                 passage
                 to
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 Combes
                 in
                 the
                 lower
                 stories
                 were
                 well
                 replenished
                 with
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 suddainly
                 ,
                 but
                 these
                 little
                 Combes
                 
                 in
                 the
                 upper
                 they
                 quite
                 defert
                 ,
                 contrary
                 to
                 our
                 expectation
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 would
                 have
                 wrought
                 most
                 in
                 the
                 upper
                 story
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 middlemost
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 wrought
                 enough
                 for
                 their
                 own
                 spending
                 ,
                 that
                 then
                 we
                 might
                 take
                 away
                 the
                 uppermost
                 from
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 have
                 continued
                 still
                 :
                 but
                 if
                 we
                 find
                 another
                 year
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 fill
                 not
                 again
                 the
                 uppermost
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 all
                 one
                 still
                 to
                 take
                 away
                 the
                 lowermost
                 from
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 that
                 be
                 so
                 ,
                 then
                 two
                 Hives
                 will
                 be
                 sufficient
                 .
                 We
                 must
                 rather
                 desire
                 of
                 you
                 farther
                 light
                 in
                 this
                 business
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 presume
                 you
                 can
                 afford
                 us
                 ,
                 from
                 other
                 mens
                 Observations
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 tried
                 the
                 like
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 for
                 as
                 yet
                 you
                 see
                 ours
                 is
                 imperfect
                 ,
                 and
                 we
                 know
                 not
                 what
                 to
                 make
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 
                   All-Soules
                   Coll.
                   Febr.
                   26.
                   1654.
                   
                
                 
                   Sir
                   ,
                   I
                   am
                   Your
                   most
                   obedient
                   humble
                   Servant
                   ,
                
                 
                   CHRIST
                   .
                   WREN
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 
                 
                   ab
                   .
                   ab
                   .
                   ab
                   ,
                   3
                   Octogonall
                   Boxes
                   exactly
                   in
                   all
                   par
                   ,
                   +ticulars
                   of
                   one
                   shape
                   &
                   size
                   ,
                
                 
                   c.
                   a
                   hole
                   in
                   the
                   top
                   ,
                   w.
                   ch
                   is
                   the
                   same
                   in
                   every
                   Box.
                   
                
                 
                   d.
                   a
                   Cover
                   (
                   the
                   same
                   to
                   every
                   hole
                   )
                   turning
                   upon
                   a
                   pinne
                   .
                
                 
                   e.
                   f.
                   a
                   Wiar
                   ,
                   w.
                   ch
                   puls
                   the
                   Cover
                   to
                   close
                   it
                   upon
                   occasion
                   ,
                
                 
                   ggg
                   .
                   holes
                   throug
                   w
                   ch
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   the
                   wiars
                   ap
                   ,
                   +peare
                   ,
                
                 
                   hhh
                   .
                   the
                   Dores
                   ,
                   every
                   one
                   to
                   be
                   opened
                   or
                   shut
                   by
                   litle
                   sliders
                   the
                   lower
                   dores
                   are
                   open
                   ,
                   the
                   others
                   shut
                   ,
                
                 
                   RK.K.
                   the
                   vpper
                   edges
                   of
                   every
                   box
                   ,
                   sloped
                   away
                   convexedly
                   ,
                   the
                   bottomes
                   are
                   likwise
                   sloped
                   away
                   concauely
                   ,
                   that
                   any
                   one
                   Box
                   may
                   fit
                   to
                   any
                   of
                   the
                   other
                   two
                   ,
                
                 
                   m.
                   A
                   litle
                   Rey
                   made
                   to
                   screw
                   on
                   the
                   ends
                   of
                   the
                   wiars
                   y
                   t
                   appeare
                   in
                   the
                   holes
                   ,
                   by
                   that
                   meanes
                   to
                   close
                   any
                   of
                   the
                   holes
                   ,
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 sides
                 behind
                 oppo
                 ,
                 +site
                 to
                 the
                 sides
                 hhh
                 ,
                 are
                 dores
                 that
                 open
                 with
                 hinges
                 &
                 locks
                 about
                 4
                 Inches
                 one
                 way
                 &
                 6
                 the
                 other●
                 &
                 within
                 each
                 a
                 peece
                 of
                 cleere
                 glasse
                 clo
                 ,
                 +●se
                 semented
                 to
                 the
                 inside
                 of
                 the
                 Box
                 ,
                 to
                 look
                 in
                 vpon
                 occasion
                 ,
              
               
                 Each
                 box
                 is
                 lined
                 with
                 Rush
                 matt
                 ,
              
               
                 It
                 standes
                 in
                 a
                 Case
                 of
                 stone
                 that
                 serves
                 both
                 as
                 a
                 Stock
                 &
                 a
                 Covering
                 to
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Scale
                   of
                   〈◊〉
                   &
                   Inchar
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Considerations
                 upon
                 the
                 Letter
                 from
                 Oxford
                 .
              
               
                 SIR
                 ,
              
               
                 Upon
                 speech
                 with
                 Mr.
                 Greatrix
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 your
                 desires
                 )
                 I
                 find
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 substance
                 of
                 what
                 he
                 intimated
                 to
                 you
                 the
                 other
                 day
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 your
                 Letter
                 from
                 Oxford
                 ,
                 was
                 no
                 other
                 than
                 what
                 truly
                 my
                 thoughts
                 from
                 my
                 own
                 reason
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 Dr.
                 Brown's
                 Essay
                 upon
                 the
                 same
                 subject
                 ,
                 confirmed
                 me
                 in
                 :
                 viz.
                 that
                 Bees
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 do
                 naturally
                 begin
                 in
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Hive
                 and
                 work
                 downwards
                 ,
                 so
                 do
                 they
                 not
                 like
                 that
                 that
                 top
                 should
                 be
                 more
                 than
                 one
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 most
                 two
                 stories
                 high
                 .
                 For
                 as
                 by
                 the
                 judgements
                 of
                 all
                 that
                 write
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 a
                 valley
                 is
                 counted
                 the
                 best
                 kind
                 of
                 seat
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 intent
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 they
                 come
                 heavy
                 loaden
                 home
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 do
                 often
                 in
                 a
                 day
                 )
                 their
                 journey
                 may
                 be
                 a
                 descent
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 easie
                 ,
                 so
                 from
                 the
                 same
                 reason
                 ought
                 the
                 work
                 within
                 the
                 Hive
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 ordered
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 upon
                 as
                 little
                 ascent
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 upon
                 a
                 descent
                 .
                 I
                 mean
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 be
                 so
                 ordered
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 the
                 Bees
                 may
                 go
                 rather
                 down
                 than
                 upwards
                 within
                 their
                 Hive
                 .
                 Upon
                 this
                 ground
                 my
                 opinion
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 Box
                 is
                 (
                 at
                 the
                 beginning
                 )
                 sufficient
                 ,
                 or
                 but
                 two
                 at
                 the
                 most
                 .
                 When
                 this
                 one
                 (
                 if
                 but
                 one
                 be
                 used
                 at
                 first
                 )
                 shall
                 be
                 filled
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 (
                 the
                 entrance
                 into
                 it
                 being
                 first
                 stopped
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 lower
                 middle
                 hole
                 of
                 it
                 be
                 left
                 open
                 )
                 be
                 set
                 upon
                 another
                 lower
                 Box
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 this
                 second
                 Box
                 shall
                 be
                 also
                 filled
                 ,
                 a
                 third
                 would
                 be
                 set
                 under
                 the
                 two
                 first
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 whole
                 Body
                 of
                 the
                 Bees
                 is
                 fully
                 gone
                 down
                 into
                 the
                 third
                 or
                 lowest
                 Box
                 ,
                 then
                 (
                 and
                 not
                 before
                 )
                 may
                 the
                 first
                 or
                 upper
                 Box
                 be
                 taken
                 away
                 ;
                 and
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 may
                 the
                 upper
                 Box
                 still
                 be
                 taken
                 away
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 ,
                 as
                 often
                 as
                 the
                 lower
                 shall
                 be
                 filled
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 new
                 empty
                 one
                 put
                 under
                 .
                 This
                 I
                 have
                 gathered
                 from
                 such
                 Books
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 met
                 with
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 which
                 from
                 my
                 own
                 private
                 judgement
                 I
                 offer
                 as
                 a
                 futher
                 Addition
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 could
                 wish
                 that
                 the
                 lowest
                 Box
                 should
                 be
                 still
                 so
                 placed
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 hang
                 down
                 through
                 and
                 below
                 the
                 planke
                 or
                 seat
                 upon
                 which
                 Hives
                 are
                 ordinarily
                 placed
                 ,
                 so
                 as
                 that
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 come
                 heavy
                 loaden
                 home
                 ,
                 may
                 go
                 downwards
                 into
                 it
                 .
                 When
                 this
                 lowest
                 Hive
                 is
                 almost
                 full
                 (
                 which
                 might
                 be
                 discovered
                 through
                 windows
                 left
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 )
                 
                 than
                 would
                 another
                 empty
                 one
                 be
                 put
                 into
                 its
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Box
                 that
                 is
                 almost
                 full
                 so
                 to
                 be
                 placed
                 upon
                 the
                 empty
                 one
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 the
                 Bees
                 may
                 enter
                 by
                 a
                 hole
                 in
                 the
                 lower
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 absolutely
                 full
                 )
                 go
                 down
                 into
                 the
                 lowest
                 Box.
                 And
                 by
                 this
                 meanes
                 the
                 heavy
                 loaden
                 Bees
                 (
                 instead
                 of
                 carrying
                 their
                 loads
                 three
                 stories
                 high
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 Oxford
                 practise
                 )
                 do
                 still
                 work
                 either
                 downwards
                 ,
                 or
                 very
                 little
                 upwards
                 .
                 I
                 will
                 conclude
                 this
                 Subject
                 with
                 an
                 Observation
                 concerning
                 these
                 little
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 viz.
                 that
                 their
                 King
                 weares
                 no
                 sword
                 ,
                 I
                 mean
                 ,
                 hath
                 no
                 sting
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 ,
                 nor
                 any
                 Ianizaries
                 ,
                 nor
                 other
                 meanes
                 of
                 safety
                 to
                 themselves
                 ,
                 than
                 the
                 loyalty
                 of
                 their
                 Subjects
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Some
                 remarkable
                 Observations
                 ,
                 concerning
                 the
                 swarming
                 of
                 Bees
                 ;
                 together
                 with
                 a
                 short
                 Description
                 of
                 a
                 Bee-hive
                 made
                 of
                 Glasse
                 .
              
               
                 ALthough
                 Experience
                 tells
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 Bees
                 do
                 naturally
                 love
                 to
                 hive
                 in
                 woods
                 and
                 other
                 places
                 out
                 of
                 mens
                 sight
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 chiefly
                 at
                 the
                 time
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 send
                 forth
                 their
                 numerous
                 Swarms
                 like
                 so
                 many
                 new
                 Colonies
                 ;
                 yet
                 notwithstanding
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 brought
                 so
                 to
                 part
                 with
                 that
                 kind
                 of
                 wildness
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 give
                 men
                 leave
                 to
                 observe
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 admire
                 Nature
                 ,
                 whose
                 pleasure
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 in
                 this
                 contemptible
                 sort
                 of
                 Insects
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 shew
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 riches
                 of
                 her
                 Treasury
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 not
                 hard
                 to
                 prove
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 it
                 is
                 known
                 ,
                 that
                 Bees
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 begin
                 to
                 swarm
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 hath
                 drawn
                 them
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Hive
                 ,
                 do
                 fly
                 about
                 till
                 their
                 King
                 (
                 whom
                 Nature
                 hath
                 wisely
                 unarmed
                 )
                 doth
                 by
                 his
                 sitting
                 down
                 determine
                 the
                 place
                 of
                 their
                 Rendezvous
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 immediately
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 those
                 huge
                 numbers
                 of
                 them
                 (
                 being
                 from
                 that
                 time
                 forwards
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 own
                 fortunes
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 be
                 their
                 own
                 Purveyors
                 )
                 do
                 pitch
                 their
                 Camp
                 round
                 about
                 their
                 King.
                 Presently
                 after
                 which
                 ,
                 a
                 certain
                 kind
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 commonly
                 called
                 Scouts
                 ,
                 are
                 sent
                 out
                 to
                 discover
                 places
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 hive
                 ;
                 and
                 till
                 these
                 Scouts
                 return
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 Swarm
                 sits
                 still
                 to
                 refresh
                 themselves
                 ,
                 being
                 weary
                 with
                 flying
                 at
                 their
                 first
                 swarming
                 .
                 These
                 Scouts
                 at
                 their
                 return
                 rush
                 violently
                 in
                 upon
                 the
                 Swarm
                 ,
                 and
                 carry
                 away
                 to
                 the
                 place
                 which
                 they
                 have
                 found
                 ,
                 some
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Swarm
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 
                 King
                 ,
                 on
                 whom
                 depends
                 the
                 unity
                 ,
                 good
                 fortune
                 and
                 safety
                 of
                 them
                 all
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Northern
                 Countries
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Poland
                   ,
                   Lithvania
                
                 and
                 Muscovie
                 ,
                 men
                 use
                 to
                 make
                 Hives
                 for
                 them
                 on
                 purpose
                 in
                 the
                 Woods
                 and
                 where
                 such
                 are
                 the
                 Bees
                 chuse
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 they
                 can
                 find
                 none
                 such
                 ,
                 then
                 they
                 hive
                 in
                 old
                 ,
                 hollow
                 and
                 rotten
                 trees
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 for
                 many
                 yeares
                 together
                 ,
                 till
                 the
                 hollow
                 place
                 being
                 filled
                 with
                 that
                 excellent
                 liquor
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 forced
                 to
                 go
                 to
                 some
                 other
                 place
                 .
                 So
                 that
                 many
                 times
                 those
                 that
                 fell
                 wood
                 do
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 little
                 think
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 find
                 in
                 hollow
                 trees
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 remarkable
                 ,
                 that
                 most
                 Swarms
                 ,
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 they
                 come
                 out
                 ,
                 do
                 rest
                 themselves
                 in
                 some
                 place
                 near
                 to
                 their
                 old
                 Hives
                 ,
                 for
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 houres
                 together
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 time
                 ,
                 unless
                 they
                 have
                 Hives
                 provided
                 them
                 ,
                 they
                 forsake
                 their
                 former
                 Master
                 ,
                 and
                 betake
                 themselves
                 to
                 the
                 Woods
                 and
                 solitary
                 places
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 they
                 have
                 Hives
                 provided
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 they
                 submit
                 themselves
                 to
                 the
                 Owners
                 of
                 those
                 Hives
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 their
                 King
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 observeable
                 )
                 be
                 shut
                 into
                 a
                 little
                 den
                 made
                 on
                 purpose
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 kept
                 there
                 for
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 dayes
                 together
                 .
                 In
                 which
                 time
                 chiefly
                 you
                 may
                 perceive
                 a
                 wonderful
                 diligence
                 in
                 the
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 the
                 better
                 seen
                 by
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 curious
                 ,
                 and
                 admirers
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 Industry
                 hath
                 shewed
                 how
                 to
                 make
                 Hives
                 of
                 Glass
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 placed
                 in
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 convenient
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 even
                 in
                 Windowes
                 .
              
               
                 
                   The
                   manner
                   whereof
                   is
                   this
                   following
                   .
                
                 
                   Let
                   great
                   care
                   be
                   taken
                   in
                   the
                   choice
                   of
                   the
                   place
                   ;
                   for
                   Experience
                   will
                   shew
                   ,
                   there
                   lies
                   much
                   in
                   that
                   .
                   It
                   will
                   be
                   best
                   for
                   this
                   purpose
                   to
                   chuse
                   a
                   window
                   towards
                   the
                   Sun-rising
                   ,
                   for
                   by
                   this
                   means
                   ,
                   the
                   Bees
                   will
                   have
                   their
                   industry
                   quickened
                   ,
                   which
                   from
                   the
                   very
                   Sun-rising
                   will
                   set
                   them
                   to
                   work
                   ,
                   they
                   being
                   Creatures
                   so
                   intent
                   upon
                   their
                   business
                   :
                   and
                   besides
                   ,
                   it
                   will
                   free
                   the
                   poor
                   weak
                   things
                   from
                   many
                   inconveniencies
                   .
                   It
                   will
                   be
                   otherwise
                   ,
                   if
                   you
                   chuse
                   for
                   this
                   purpose
                   a
                   place
                   towards
                   the
                   West
                   or
                   North
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   light
                   of
                   the
                   rising-Sun
                   ,
                   coming
                   but
                   late
                   upon
                   a
                   place
                   that
                   is
                   towards
                   the
                   West
                   ,
                   will
                   make
                   the
                   Bees
                   go
                   late
                   to
                   worke
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   North
                   with
                   its
                   natural
                   sharpness
                   will
                   weaken
                   and
                   shrink
                   up
                   the
                   tender
                   bodies
                   of
                   those
                   little
                   Creatures
                   ,
                   
                   they
                   delighting
                   in
                   heat
                   :
                   so
                   that
                   the
                   East
                   and
                   the
                   South
                   are
                   for
                   this
                   purpose
                   farre
                   better
                   than
                   the
                   other
                   two
                   quarters
                   of
                   the
                   world
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   so
                   chosen
                   the
                   place
                   ,
                   let
                   there
                   be
                   made
                   an
                   Hive
                   of
                   about
                   a
                   yard
                   high
                   or
                   a
                   little
                   more
                   ,
                   after
                   this
                   fashion
                   .
                   Fasten
                   four
                   little
                   pillars
                   of
                   wood
                   in
                   two
                   boards
                   ,
                   one
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   at
                   the
                   bottom
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   the
                   pillars
                   be
                   answerable
                   to
                   the
                   height
                   of
                   your
                   window
                   ,
                   and
                   let
                   that
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Hive
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   towards
                   the
                   air
                   ,
                   be
                   half
                   a
                   yard
                   broad
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   other
                   side
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   towards
                   your
                   chamber
                   ,
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   a
                   yard
                   broad
                   .
                   In
                   that
                   side
                   which
                   is
                   towards
                   the
                   air
                   ,
                   you
                   are
                   to
                   leave
                   a
                   slit
                   of
                   about
                   two
                   fingers
                   breadth
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   Bees
                   to
                   fly
                   in
                   and
                   out
                   at
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   middle
                   of
                   that
                   slit
                   you
                   must
                   put
                   a
                   cross
                   peice
                   of
                   wood
                   ,
                   which
                   must
                   be
                   very
                   well
                   fastened
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   slip
                   not
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   crush
                   the
                   Honey-combes
                   ,
                   but
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   the
                   better
                   bear
                   the
                   weight
                   of
                   them
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   inner
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Hive
                   ,
                   you
                   are
                   to
                   make
                   doors
                   about
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   a
                   yard
                   broad
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   and
                   strongly
                   bolted
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Bees
                   may
                   be
                   kept
                   from
                   flying
                   into
                   your
                   chamber
                   .
                   Through
                   these
                   doors
                   you
                   are
                   to
                   put
                   in
                   your
                   Swarm
                   ,
                   and
                   take
                   out
                   your
                   Honey
                   .
                   And
                   for
                   the
                   space
                   between
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   pillars
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   have
                   it
                   closed
                   either
                   with
                   whole
                   glass
                   ,
                   or
                   with
                   smaller
                   peices
                   leaded
                   ;
                   or
                   if
                   you
                   will
                   have
                   the
                   whole
                   Hive
                   of
                   glasse
                   ,
                   the
                   Glass-makers
                   can
                   make
                   it
                   for
                   you
                   ,
                   but
                   you
                   must
                   observe
                   the
                   Conditions
                   before
                   expressed
                   .
                
                 
                   Having
                   thus
                   prepared
                   all
                   things
                   ,
                   you
                   may
                   place
                   the
                   Swarms
                   where
                   you
                   intend
                   to
                   have
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Hive
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   delight
                   behold
                   their
                   work
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   a
                   kind
                   of
                   rapture
                   cry
                   out
                   ,
                   That
                   the
                   world
                   is
                   the
                   great
                   book
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   containing
                   three
                   leaves
                   ,
                   viz.
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   Earth
                   and
                   Sea
                   ,
                   wherein
                   there
                   are
                   so
                   many
                   characters
                   of
                   the
                   wisdom
                   of
                   God
                   as
                   there
                   are
                   Creatures
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 singular
                 Observation
                 concerning
                 Bee-Hives
                 and
                 Buck-Wheat
                 ,
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 Bees
                 ,
                 made
                 by
                 Mr.
                 
                   Thomas
                   Babington
                
                 in
                 his
                 Travels
                 into
                 Germany
                 .
              
               
                 IN
                 K●mpen-Land
                 in
                 Germany
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 about
                 fourty
                 great
                 Bee-Hives
                 ,
                 which
                 contain
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 full
                 ,
                 about
                 seventy
                 pound
                 weight
                 in
                 Honey
                 ,
                 placed
                 near
                 a
                 great
                 field
                 sown
                 with
                 
                 Buck-Wheat
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 was
                 related
                 to
                 me
                 of
                 a
                 truth
                 by
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Bees
                 did
                 suck
                 such
                 ●lenty
                 of
                 Honey
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 a
                 fortnights
                 time
                 the
                 said
                 Hives
                 were
                 all
                 filled
                 there
                 with
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 said
                 Buck-Wheat
                 is
                 a
                 three
                 square
                 grain
                 ,
                 which
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 ripe
                 is
                 made
                 use
                 of
                 for
                 Pan-cakes
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 brew
                 Beer
                 ,
                 and
                 excellent
                 good
                 to
                 fatten
                 Hogs
                 with
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 blowing
                 time
                 of
                 singular
                 use
                 for
                 Bees
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 How
                 to
                 make
                 good
                 Greek
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Wines
                 out
                 of
                 Honey
                 .
              
               
                 AS
                 concerning
                 the
                 passage
                 in
                 my
                 Letters
                 concerning
                 Honey
                 ,
                 I
                 cannot
                 exactly
                 give
                 you
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 till
                 I
                 see
                 all
                 the
                 Discourse
                 :
                 Thus
                 much
                 I
                 remember
                 and
                 know
                 by
                 experience
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 pure
                 Honey
                 be
                 gently
                 boiled
                 in
                 pure
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 well
                 scummed
                 ,
                 and
                 afterward
                 cooled
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 with
                 barm
                 or
                 yest
                 set
                 to
                 working
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 usually
                 do
                 Beer
                 or
                 Ale
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 larger
                 vessel
                 for
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 drawn
                 into
                 pottles
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 liquor
                 hath
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 be
                 made
                 like
                 fountain
                 water
                 ,
                 yet
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 fine
                 excellent
                 tast
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 strong
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 thought
                 themselves
                 of
                 very
                 good
                 pallats
                 ,
                 have
                 mistaken
                 it
                 for
                 Greek
                 Wine
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 I
                 question
                 not
                 ,
                 but
                 Sugar
                 will
                 do
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 but
                 whether
                 I
                 seem
                 to
                 speak
                 of
                 any
                 more
                 ingenious
                 clarifications
                 ,
                 as
                 with
                 white
                 of
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 with
                 falt
                 of
                 Tartar
                 ,
                 or
                 with
                 other
                 things
                 ,
                 that
                 Vintners
                 use
                 for
                 their
                 Wines
                 ,
                 or
                 whither
                 I
                 refer
                 them
                 to
                 Glauber
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 his
                 Appendix
                 speaketh
                 of
                 some
                 ingenious
                 fermentations
                 and
                 clarifications
                 ,
                 I
                 cannot
                 certainly
                 tell
                 .
                 But
                 this
                 I
                 dare
                 boldly
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 any
                 Gentleman
                 would
                 trie
                 Experiments
                 upon
                 Honey
                 ,
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 yea
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 sweet
                 things
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 sweetness
                 be
                 not
                 too
                 flashy
                 and
                 watry
                 ,
                 he
                 shall
                 find
                 divers
                 things
                 both
                 delightful
                 and
                 profitable
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 hope
                 Glauber
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 promised
                 divers
                 things
                 in
                 these
                 kinds
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 suppose
                 is
                 most
                 able
                 to
                 accomplish
                 them
                 ,
                 will
                 more
                 clearly
                 manifest
                 them
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 and
                 comfort
                 of
                 our
                 Northern
                 Countries
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 desire
                 to
                 hear
                 what
                 other
                 ingenious
                 things
                 are
                 written
                 of
                 late
                 .
                 I
                 think
                 these
                 times
                 very
                 fruitful
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 great
                 Secrets
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 have
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 been
                 hid
                 ,
                 will
                 shortly
                 be
                 manifested
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Receipt
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 pure
                 Mead
                 that
                 shall
                 tast
                 like
                 Wine
                 .
              
               
                 TAke
                 one
                 part
                 of
                 clarified
                 Honey
                 ,
                 and
                 eight
                 parts
                 of
                 rain
                 Water
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 clear
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 boil
                 them
                 well
                 together
                 in
                 a
                 copper
                 vessel
                 ,
                 till
                 half
                 the
                 liquor
                 be
                 boiled
                 away
                 ,
                 but
                 while
                 it
                 boiles
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 take
                 off
                 the
                 scum
                 very
                 clean
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 it
                 hath
                 done
                 boiling
                 ,
                 and
                 begins
                 to
                 cool
                 ,
                 tun
                 it
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 will
                 work
                 of
                 it self
                 .
                 As
                 soon
                 as
                 it
                 hath
                 done
                 working
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 stop
                 the
                 vessel
                 very
                 close
                 ,
                 and
                 bury
                 it
                 under
                 ground
                 for
                 three
                 months
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 make
                 it
                 loose
                 both
                 the
                 smell
                 and
                 tast
                 of
                 the
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 make
                 it
                 tast
                 very
                 like
                 Wine
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Another
                 way
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 most
                 pleasant
                 and
                 Wine-like
                 Mead.
                 
              
               
                 TAke
                 of
                 clarified
                 Honey
                 twenty
                 pound
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 clear
                 Water
                 thirty
                 two
                 gallons
                 ,
                 mingle
                 them
                 well
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 boil
                 that
                 liquor
                 half
                 away
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 off
                 the
                 scum
                 very
                 clean
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 hath
                 done
                 boiling
                 ,
                 and
                 begins
                 to
                 cool
                 ,
                 put
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 vessel
                 ,
                 where
                 hath
                 been
                 Rhenish
                 wine
                 before
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 to
                 it
                 four
                 gallons
                 of
                 Rhenish
                 wine
                 Must
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 it
                 work
                 ;
                 then
                 stop
                 the
                 vessel
                 very
                 close
                 ,
                 and
                 bury
                 it
                 under
                 ground
                 for
                 two
                 months
                 together
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 which
                 draw
                 it
                 off
                 the
                 lees
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 it
                 into
                 another
                 clean
                 sweet
                 vessel
                 by
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 like
                 Wine
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 would
                 have
                 it
                 of
                 an
                 aromatick
                 tast
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 put
                 these
                 following
                 ingredients
                 into
                 the
                 vessel
                 at
                 first
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 them
                 work
                 with
                 the
                 liquor
                 ,
                 viz.
                 of
                 floures
                 of
                 Elder
                 ,
                 Rosemary
                 and
                 Majoram
                 ,
                 each
                 one
                 handful
                 ,
                 of
                 Cinnamon
                 two
                 ounces
                 ,
                 of
                 Cloves
                 six
                 ounces
                 ,
                 of
                 Ginger
                 ,
                 Pepper
                 and
                 Cardamome
                 ,
                 each
                 two
                 scruples
                 ,
                 these
                 will
                 give
                 the
                 Mead
                 a
                 most
                 pleasant
                 tast
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               The
               Common-wealth
               of
               Bees
               .
               Represented
               by
               Mr.
               
                 Gerard
                 Malynes
              
               ,
               by
               way
               of
               a
               digression
               in
               his
               great
               Book
               called
               
                 Lex
                 Mercatoria
              
               ,
               or
               the
               Antient
               Law-Merchant
               .
            
             
               LEt
               us
               somewhat
               digress
               from
               Manufacture
               to
               Apifacture
               ,
               and
               (
               with
               Solomon
               the
               wise
               )
               send
               the
               ●luggard
               to
               imitate
               the
               painful
               and
               laborious
               Bees
               ,
               for
               the
               increase
               of
               Honey
               and
               Wax
               in
               
                 England
                 ,
                 Scotland
              
               and
               Ireland
               ,
               and
               other
               of
               his
               Majesties
               Dominions
               :
               and
               let
               mans
               help
               succour
               this
               Apifacture
               ,
               if
               it
               may
               be
               so
               called
               ,
               as
               followeth
               .
            
             
               The
               meanes
               to
               increase
               Honey
               and
               Wax
               ,
               doth
               properly
               consist
               in
               the
               preservation
               of
               Bees
               ,
               and
               the
               making
               of
               convenient
               Skepes
               or
               Bee-hives
               after
               a
               new
               invention
               :
               Namely
               ,
               you
               may
               make
               your
               Skepes
               either
               with
               Straw
               or
               Wicker
               of
               Two
               sorts
               ,
               and
               to
               be
               of
               two
               peices
               ,
               to
               take
               off
               at
               the
               crown
               ,
               or
               near
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Hive
               ;
               that
               when
               they
               have
               gathered
               and
               filled
               up
               their
               house
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               room
               is
               scant
               within
               ,
               then
               take
               away
               the
               upper
               half
               ,
               and
               clap
               on
               a
               board
               ,
               or
               the
               bottom
               ,
               or
               head
               of
               a
               pitch
               Barrel
               ,
               or
               tar
               barrel
               ,
               or
               the
               like
               ,
               having
               pitch
               on
               it
               ,
               casting
               Mault
               meal
               ,
               or
               Bean
               meal
               upon
               the
               same
               ;
               and
               then
               daube
               it
               well
               with
               clay
               about
               the
               skirts
               ,
               and
               setting
               on
               with
               your
               clay
               mixt
               with
               some
               salt
               ;
               and
               when
               you
               have
               thus
               done
               ,
               then
               raise
               it
               up
               below
               with
               so
               many
               wreythes
               ,
               as
               you
               took
               above
               for
               the
               gelding
               of
               your
               Hives
               before
               ,
               which
               is
               very
               needful
               to
               make
               the
               greater
               plenty
               and
               increase
               :
               For
               making
               your
               Skepes
               in
               this
               manner
               ,
               the
               Honey
               may
               be
               taken
               at
               all
               times
               ;
               but
               especially
               ,
               when
               you
               do
               perceive
               by
               the
               lifting
               up
               of
               your
               Skepes
               ,
               that
               your
               Bees
               are
               well
               provided
               for
               the
               Winters
               provision
               ,
               and
               that
               there
               
               be
               plenty
               of
               food
               yet
               to
               gather
               ,
               then
               cap
               them
               .
               Take
               a
               strong
               wyer
               ,
               make
               it
               flat
               ,
               and
               cut
               your
               combes
               in
               two
               ,
               and
               then
               have
               a
               parchment
               in
               readiness
               to
               follow
               the
               wyer
               ,
               to
               keep
               asunder
               the
               wax
               from
               cleaving
               ,
               laying
               on
               your
               board
               with
               pitch
               and
               meal
               ,
               as
               aforesaid
               .
               This
               to
               be
               done
               in
               Summer
               .
            
             
               
                 Preservation
                 of
                 Bees
                 for
                 the
                 Climate
                 of
                 Great
                 Brittain
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 1.
                 
                 IN
                 March
                 your
                 Bees
                 do
                 begin
                 to
                 breed
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 they
                 begin
                 to
                 sit
                 ,
                 let
                 them
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 be
                 served
                 twice
                 every
                 week
                 ,
                 because
                 :
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 In
                 Aprill
                 your
                 Bees
                 begin
                 to
                 hatch
                 ,
                 serve
                 them
                 in
                 hard
                 and
                 rugged
                 weather
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 are
                 hindered
                 to
                 be
                 abroad
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 In
                 May
                 your
                 Bee
                 comming
                 forth
                 ,
                 look
                 to
                 serve
                 them
                 until
                 Mid
                 -
                 May.
                 
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 In
                 Iune
                 are
                 your
                 Bees
                 in
                 their
                 strength
                 for
                 casting
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 there
                 is
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 Floures
                 and
                 Dews
                 to
                 feed
                 upon
                 .
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 In
                 Iuly
                 they
                 are
                 full
                 of
                 Honey
                 ,
                 therefore
                 cap
                 your
                 first
                 swarmes
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 up
                 the
                 rest
                 for
                 Honey
                 that
                 you
                 mean
                 to
                 take
                 up
                 for
                 that
                 year
                 ,
                 and
                 cap
                 as
                 followeth
                 .
              
               
                 6.
                 
                 In
                 August
                 is
                 the
                 most
                 breed
                 of
                 Bees
                 past
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 may
                 cap
                 likewise
                 those
                 you
                 mean
                 to
                 keep
                 over
                 the
                 year
                 ;
                 I
                 mean
                 your
                 old
                 Stocks
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 they
                 may
                 forbear
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 7.
                 
                 In
                 September
                 the
                 gathering
                 of
                 Bees
                 is
                 past
                 ;
                 stop
                 close
                 ,
                 and
                 if
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 that
                 is
                 not
                 capable
                 ,
                 leave
                 them
                 and
                 stop
                 close
                 with
                 clay
                 and
                 salt
                 ,
                 and
                 daube
                 below
                 with
                 Cow-dung
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 manner
                 is
                 .
              
               
                 8.
                 
                 In
                 October
                 begin
                 to
                 look
                 whether
                 robbers
                 have
                 spoiled
                 any
                 or
                 not
                 ;
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 ,
                 take
                 away
                 your
                 Bees
                 as
                 in
                 Honey
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 up
                 your
                 Skepes
                 with
                 the
                 combs
                 whole
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 used
                 as
                 hereafter
                 followeth
                 .
              
               
                 9.
                 
                 In
                 November
                 stop
                 up
                 all
                 holes
                 ,
                 let
                 none
                 pass
                 in
                 or
                 out
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 they
                 prove
                 weak
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 away
                 your
                 Bees
                 from
                 the
                 combs
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 them
                 for
                 the
                 second
                 and
                 third
                 swarms
                 after
                 .
              
               
                 10.
                 
                 In
                 December
                 house
                 your
                 Bees
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 stand
                 cold
                 :
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 North
                 house
                 all
                 .
              
               
                 11.
                 
                 In
                 Ianuary
                 turn
                 up
                 your
                 Bees
                 ,
                 and
                 throw
                 in
                 Wort
                 ,
                 and
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 Honey
                 twice
                 or
                 thrice
                 ,
                 but
                 let
                 your
                 water
                 be
                 warm
                 .
              
               
               
                 12.
                 
                 In
                 February
                 set
                 forth
                 and
                 serve
                 all
                 them
                 that
                 stand
                 in
                 need
                 ,
                 with
                 wort
                 and
                 honey
                 ,
                 or
                 honey
                 and
                 water
                 ,
                 so
                 it
                 be
                 warm
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 in
                 March
                 look
                 for
                 their
                 breeding
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 before
                 declared
              
               
                 No
                 corrupt
                 combes
                 to
                 be
                 left
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 bad
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 forth
                 in
                 the
                 Spring
                 time
                 (
                 being
                 in
                 feeding
                 )
                 and
                 when
                 you
                 have
                 thrown
                 in
                 one
                 pint
                 of
                 warm
                 wort
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 struggling
                 with
                 the
                 clamminess
                 of
                 the
                 wort
                 ;
                 then
                 may
                 you
                 very
                 well
                 take
                 from
                 them
                 any
                 thing
                 that
                 doth
                 annoy
                 them
                 ;
                 which
                 manner
                 of
                 dressing
                 you
                 may
                 observe
                 for
                 many
                 yeares
                 during
                 your
                 Skepe
                 ,
                 so
                 long
                 as
                 they
                 stand
                 to
                 work
                 new
                 again
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Necessarie
                 observations
                 concerning
                 the
                 Premisses
                 .
              
               
                 FRom
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 Aprill
                 ,
                 until
                 the
                 middest
                 of
                 May
                 ,
                 look
                 diligently
                 to
                 thy
                 Bees
                 ;
                 for
                 then
                 are
                 they
                 near
                 beginning
                 to
                 hatch
                 ,
                 and
                 do
                 stand
                 in
                 need
                 of
                 most
                 help
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 the
                 Spring
                 be
                 cold
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 wind
                 holding
                 any
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 North
                 or
                 East
                 ;
                 whereby
                 the
                 tender
                 buds
                 or
                 blossomes
                 do
                 perish
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Bees
                 are
                 driven
                 to
                 the
                 blossomes
                 of
                 Apple-trees
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 their
                 utter
                 overthrow
                 and
                 decay
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Helps
                 for
                 weak
                 Bees
                 at
                 all
                 times
                 .
              
               
                 TAke
                 Water
                 and
                 Honey
                 mixt
                 together
                 made
                 luke
                 warm
                 ,
                 and
                 throw
                 it
                 amongst
                 the
                 combes
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 a
                 pint
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 :
                 or
                 strong
                 wort
                 new
                 run
                 ;
                 or
                 unboiled
                 wort
                 also
                 luke-warm
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 times
                 at
                 the
                 most
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 for
                 the
                 first
                 Swarm
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 second
                 and
                 third
                 Swarm
                 must
                 be
                 given
                 in
                 their
                 Hives
                 ,
                 to
                 preserve
                 that
                 which
                 they
                 have
                 gathered
                 :
                 Take
                 Mulce
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 eight
                 times
                 so
                 much
                 water
                 as
                 honey
                 ,
                 boiled
                 to
                 a
                 quart
                 or
                 three
                 pints
                 ;
                 set
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 dishes
                 in
                 their
                 shepes
                 ,
                 laying
                 a
                 few
                 straws
                 in
                 the
                 dish
                 to
                 keep
                 them
                 from
                 drowning
                 .
                 Wort
                 and
                 Figs
                 boiled
                 will
                 serve
                 also
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Smoak
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 the
                 Tobacco
                 of
                 Bees
                 )
                 wherein
                 they
                 delight
                 ,
                 is
                 Cows
                 or
                 Oxen
                 dung
                 ,
                 sophisticated
                 with
                 sweet
                 wort
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 marrow
                 of
                 the
                 Oxe
                 or
                 Cow
                 ,
                 being
                 well
                 dried
                 :
                 take
                 the
                 
                 Shepe
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 diseased
                 )
                 and
                 set
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 meal
                 skiffe
                 or
                 riddle
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 kindle
                 a
                 little
                 fire
                 with
                 your
                 Cows
                 dung
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 them
                 over
                 the
                 smoak
                 of
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 smoak
                 them
                 by
                 fits
                 ,
                 scarce
                 so
                 long
                 at
                 every
                 time
                 as
                 you
                 can
                 tell
                 ten
                 ,
                 and
                 beware
                 not
                 to
                 use
                 this
                 smoaking
                 too
                 oft
                 ,
                 but
                 as
                 necessity
                 requireth
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 gentle
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 necessary
                 use
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 made
                 me
                 to
                 observe
                 the
                 premisses
                 ,
                 wishing
                 ,
                 That
                 in
                 all
                 Parishes
                 of
                 Great
                 Brittain
                 and
                 Ireland
                 ,
                 all
                 the
                 Parsons
                 and
                 Vicars
                 in
                 Country
                 Towns
                 and
                 Villages
                 ,
                 were
                 injoyned
                 to
                 keep
                 Bees
                 for
                 their
                 own
                 benefit
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 general
                 good
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 may
                 do
                 conveniently
                 in
                 the
                 Church-yards
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 places
                 of
                 their
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 their
                 children
                 or
                 schollars
                 may
                 attend
                 the
                 same
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 multiplying
                 of
                 Bees
                 is
                 easie
                 without
                 destroying
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 creation
                 of
                 them
                 is
                 known
                 to
                 many
                 ,
                 proceeding
                 of
                 the
                 corruption
                 of
                 a
                 Heyfar
                 ,
                 the
                 flesh
                 whereof
                 is
                 fit
                 to
                 ingender
                 Bees
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 flesh
                 of
                 Horses
                 for
                 Wasps
                 ,
                 or
                 that
                 of
                 Man
                 for
                 Lice
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 abbreviate
                 ,
                 I
                 do
                 refer
                 the
                 desirous
                 Reader
                 hereof
                 to
                 Mr.
                 Hill
                 his
                 book
                 of
                 Husbandry
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 speaketh
                 of
                 Bees
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 commodity
                 of
                 Honey
                 and
                 Wax
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 their
                 uses
                 and
                 several
                 profits
                 ,
                 collected
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 best
                 learned
                 Writers
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Plinius
                   ,
                   Albertus
                   ,
                   Varro
                   ,
                   Columella
                   ,
                   Palladius
                   ,
                   Aristotle
                   ,
                   Theophrastus
                   ,
                   Cardanus
                   ,
                   Guilielmus
                   de
                   Conchis
                   ,
                   Agrippa
                   ,
                
                 and
                 others
                 .
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
           
             
             
               THE
               REFORMED
               VIRGINIAN
               SILK-WORM
               ,
               Or
               ,
               a
               Rare
               and
               New
               DISCOVERY
               OF
               A
               speedy
               way
               ,
               and
               easie
               means
               ,
               found
               out
               by
               a
               young
               Lady
               in
               England
               she
               having
               made
               full
               proof
               thereof
               in
               
                 May
                 ,
                 Anno
              
               1652.
               
            
             
               For
               the
               feeding
               of
               Silk-worms
               in
               the
               Woods
               ,
               on
               the
               Mulberry-Tree-leaves
               in
               Virginia
               :
               Who
               after
               fourty
               dayes
               time
               ,
               present
               their
               most
               rich
               golden-coloured
               silken
               Fleece
               ,
               to
               the
               instant
               wonderful
               enriching
               of
               all
               the
               Planters
               there
               ,
               requiring
               from
               them
               neither
               cost
               ,
               labour
               ,
               or
               hindrance
               in
               any
               of
               their
               other
               emploiments
               whatsoever
               .
            
             
               And
               also
               to
               the
               good
               hopes
               ,
               that
               the
               Indians
               ,
               seeing
               and
               finding
               that
               there
               is
               neither
               Art
               ,
               Skill
               ,
               or
               Pains
               in
               the
               thing
               :
               they
               will
               readily
               set
               upon
               it
               ,
               being
               by
               the
               benefit
               thereof
               inabled
               to
               buy
               of
               the
               English
               (
               in
               way
               of
               Truck
               for
               their
               Silk-bottoms
               )
               all
               those
               things
               that
               they
               most
               desire
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               ,
               Printed
               by
               
                 Iohn
                 Streater
              
               ,
               for
               
                 Giles
                 Calvert
              
               at
               the
               Black-Spread-Eagle
               at
               the
               West
               end
               of
               Pauls
               ,
               1655.
               
            
          
           
             
             
             
               TO
               THE
               Reader
               .
            
             
               Ingenious
               Reader
               ,
            
             
               I
               Have
               in
               my
               Legacy
               of
               Husbandry
               bequeathed
               something
               unto
               thee
               concerning
               Silk-worms
               ,
               which
               hath
               wakened
               many
               to
               search
               after
               the
               means
               to
               advance
               that
               part
               of
               Husbandry
               .
               But
               because
               the
               Letter
               of
               King
               Iames
               to
               the
               Lords
               Lievtenants
               of
               the
               severall
               Shires
               of
               England
               ,
               for
               the
               increasing
               of
               Mulberry
               Trees
               ,
               and
               the
               breeding
               of
               Silk-worms
               ,
               for
               the
               making
               of
               Silk
               in
               this
               Nation
               ,
               had
               not
               annexed
               unto
               them
               in
               that
               Treatise
               the
               Instructions
               tending
               to
               that
               purpose
               ,
               and
               being
               but
               few
               ,
               wholly
               out
               of
               print
               ,
               and
               very
               much
               desired
               :
               I
               thought
               good
               upon
               the
               occasion
               of
               the
               printing
               of
               this
               Letter
               to
               those
               of
               Virginia
               ,
               to
               publish
               it
               also
               for
               the
               benefit
               of
               those
               who
               shall
               be
               willing
               to
               employ
               themselves
               in
               this
               way
               of
               industry
               ,
               which
               seemeth
               to
               be
               brought
               unto
               a
               more
               perfect
               and
               speedy
               accomplishment
               than
               heretofore
               hath
               been
               known
               either
               here
               or
               in
               France
               ,
               as
               by
               the
               contentes
               of
               this
               adjoyned
               Letter
               (
               wherein
               the
               Experiment
               of
               a
               vertuous
               Lady
               of
               this
               Nation
               for
               the
               breeding
               of
               Silk-worms
               ,
               is
               addressed
               unto
               the
               Planters
               of
               Virginia
               )
               is
               set
               forth
               to
               encourage
               both
               them
               and
               others
               to
               set
               upon
               this
               work
               ,
               to
               benefit
               themselves
               and
               the
               Nation
               thereby
               .
               And
               truly
               the
               Gentleman
               who
               doth
               addresse
               this
               Letter
               to
               the
               Planters
               of
               the
               Virginian
               Colonie
               is
               much
               to
               be
               commended
               for
               his
               affection
               to
               the
               publick
               ,
               because
               he
               doth
               not
               conceal
               (
               as
               some
               Muck-worms
               do
               for
               private
               ends
               )
               the
               Advantages
               
               which
               may
               be
               reaped
               by
               singular
               industrious
               Attempts
               or
               experiments
               of
               profit
               ;
               but
               desires
               the
               benefit
               of
               others
               ,
               even
               of
               all
               ,
               to
               be
               encreased
               .
               And
               it
               were
               to
               be
               wished
               ,
               that
               every
               one
               to
               whom
               God
               (
               from
               whom
               comes
               every
               good
               &
               perfect
               gift
               )
               doth
               impart
               any
               rare
               and
               profitable
               Secret
               of
               Industry
               ,
               would
               open
               himselfe
               towards
               his
               Brethren
               ,
               as
               this
               publick-hearted
               Gentleman
               doth
               ;
               then
               would
               all
               hands
               be
               set
               a
               work
               ,
               and
               every
               one
               would
               become
               instrumentall
               to
               serve
               himselfe
               and
               his
               Neighbours
               in
               Love
               ,
               and
               overcome
               the
               burthen
               of
               povertie
               ,
               which
               for
               want
               of
               employment
               and
               decay
               of
               Trade
               ,
               doth
               lie
               so
               heavie
               upon
               very
               many
               ,
               whose
               burthens
               might
               be
               either
               born
               ,
               or
               made
               easie
               ,
               if
               all
               the
               gifts
               of
               God
               were
               made
               use
               of
               ,
               for
               the
               end
               for
               which
               he
               doth
               bestow
               them
               ,
               namely
               ,
               to
               profit
               withall
               towards
               others
               ,
               as
               it
               becommeth
               the
               Members
               of
               the
               same
               Christian
               ,
               and
               Human
               ,
               and
               Nationall
               Society
               ;
               for
               the
               same
               rule
               holds
               in
               all
               these
               respects
               among
               such
               as
               understand
               what
               it
               is
               to
               be
               a
               good
               Commonwealths-man
               in
               the
               State
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               in
               the
               Communion
               of
               Saints
               :
               And
               to
               this
               good
               and
               generous
               inclination
               ,
               which
               I
               wish
               may
               more
               and
               more
               abound
               in
               them
               with
               the
               grace
               of
               God
               ,
               I
               shall
               leave
               thee
               and
               rest
               ,
            
             
               
                 Thy
                 most
                 assured
                 and
                 faithfull
                 servant
                 ,
              
               
                 SAMUEL
                 HARTLIB
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
               Instructions
               for
               the
               increase
               and
               Planting
               of
               Mulberry-trees
               .
            
             
               
                 What
                 ground
                 is
                 fit
                 for
                 the
                 Mulberry-seeds
                 ,
                 how
                 the
                 same
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 ordered
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 what
                 sort
                 the
                 seeds
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 sowed
                 therein
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 ground
                 which
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 apointed
                 for
                 this
                 purpose
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 natural
                 goodness
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 must
                 be
                 reasonably
                 well
                 dunged
                 ,
                 and
                 withall
                 so
                 situated
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 may
                 cherish
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 nipping
                 blasts
                 of
                 either
                 the
                 North
                 wind
                 or
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 may
                 not
                 annoy
                 it
                 :
                 The
                 choice
                 thereof
                 thus
                 made
                 ;
                 that
                 the
                 seeds
                 may
                 the
                 better
                 prosper
                 ,
                 and
                 come
                 up
                 after
                 they
                 be
                 sown
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 dig
                 it
                 two
                 foot
                 deep
                 ,
                 breaking
                 the
                 clods
                 as
                 small
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 you
                 shall
                 divide
                 the
                 same
                 into
                 severall
                 Beds
                 of
                 not
                 above
                 five
                 foot
                 in
                 breadth
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 you
                 shall
                 not
                 need
                 to
                 indanger
                 the
                 Plants
                 by
                 treading
                 upon
                 them
                 ,
                 when
                 either
                 you
                 water
                 or
                 weed
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Mulberry
                 seeds
                 you
                 shall
                 lay
                 in
                 water
                 for
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 22
                 hours
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 that
                 you
                 shall
                 dry
                 them
                 again
                 half
                 dry
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 what
                 more
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 you
                 sow
                 them
                 they
                 may
                 not
                 cleave
                 together
                 :
                 Thus
                 done
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 cast
                 them
                 upon
                 the
                 foresaid
                 Beds
                 ,
                 not
                 altogether
                 so
                 thick
                 as
                 you
                 use
                 to
                 do
                 other
                 garden
                 Seed
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 cover
                 them
                 with
                 some
                 fine
                 earth
                 (
                 past
                 through
                 a
                 Si●e
                 )
                 about
                 half
                 an
                 inch
                 thick
                 .
                 In
                 dry
                 weather
                 you
                 shall
                 water
                 them
                 every
                 two
                 dayes
                 at
                 the
                 farthest
                 ,
                 as
                 likewise
                 the
                 plants
                 that
                 shall
                 come
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 and
                 keep
                 them
                 as
                 clean
                 from
                 weeds
                 as
                 possibly
                 you
                 can
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 time
                 in
                 which
                 you
                 ought
                 to
                 sow
                 them
                 for
                 your
                 best
                 advantage
                 ,
                 is
                 either
                 in
                 
                   March
                   ,
                   April
                
                 ,
                 or
                 May
                 ,
                 when
                 frosts
                 are
                 either
                 altogether
                 past
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 the
                 least
                 not
                 so
                 sharp
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 so
                 long
                 continuance
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 indanger
                 their
                 upspring
                 .
              
               
               
                 There
                 is
                 yet
                 another
                 way
                 to
                 sow
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 as
                 followeth
                 :
                 you
                 shall
                 (
                 being
                 directed
                 by
                 a
                 strait
                 line
                 )
                 make
                 certain
                 furrows
                 in
                 the
                 Beds
                 above
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 of
                 some
                 four
                 fingers
                 deep
                 ,
                 &
                 about
                 a
                 foot
                 in
                 distance
                 the
                 one
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 :
                 After
                 this
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 open
                 the
                 earth
                 with
                 your
                 hands
                 ,
                 on
                 either
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 furrows
                 ,
                 some
                 two
                 fingers
                 from
                 the
                 bottom
                 ,
                 and
                 where
                 you
                 have
                 so
                 opened
                 it
                 ,
                 shall
                 you
                 sow
                 your
                 seeds
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 cover
                 them
                 half
                 a
                 finger
                 thick
                 with
                 the
                 earth
                 which
                 before
                 you
                 opened
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 When
                 the
                 Plants
                 that
                 are
                 sprung
                 up
                 of
                 the
                 Seeds
                 ,
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 removed
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 they
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 planted
                 the
                 first
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 IN
                 the
                 moneths
                 of
                 
                   September
                   ,
                   October
                   ,
                   November
                   ,
                   December
                   ,
                   March
                   ,
                
                 or
                 April
                 the
                 next
                 yeer
                 after
                 the
                 Seeds
                 are
                 sown
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 remove
                 their
                 plants
                 ,
                 (
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 moneth
                 of
                 Ianuary
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 not
                 in
                 frosty
                 weather
                 )
                 and
                 set
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 like
                 Beds
                 as
                 before
                 ,
                 and
                 about
                 one
                 foot
                 the
                 one
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 but
                 first
                 you
                 must
                 cut
                 off
                 their
                 roots
                 about
                 eight
                 inches
                 in
                 length
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 tops
                 about
                 half
                 a
                 foot
                 above
                 their
                 roots
                 ,
                 more
                 or
                 lesse
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 plaints
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 weaker
                 they
                 be
                 the
                 lesse
                 tops
                 you
                 shall
                 leave
                 them
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 sort
                 you
                 may
                 suffer
                 them
                 to
                 remain
                 weeding
                 and
                 watering
                 them
                 (
                 as
                 need
                 shall
                 require
                 )
                 till
                 they
                 be
                 grown
                 six
                 foot
                 in
                 length
                 above
                 their
                 roots
                 ,
                 whereunto
                 when
                 once
                 they
                 have
                 attained
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 cut
                 their
                 tops
                 ,
                 and
                 suffer
                 them
                 to
                 spread
                 ,
                 alwayes
                 having
                 a
                 care
                 to
                 take
                 away
                 the
                 many
                 branches
                 or
                 succours
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 any
                 way
                 hinder
                 their
                 growth
                 untill
                 they
                 be
                 come
                 to
                 their
                 full
                 length
                 of
                 six
                 foot
                 ,
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 When
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 the
                 Plants
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 removed
                 the
                 second
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 what
                 manner
                 they
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 planted
                 where
                 they
                 shall
                 remain
                 .
              
               
                 IN
                 the
                 moneths
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 (
                 according
                 as
                 your
                 plants
                 are
                 waxen
                 strong
                 )
                 you
                 may
                 remove
                 them
                 either
                 into
                 the
                 hedges
                 of
                 your
                 fields
                 ,
                 or
                 into
                 any
                 other
                 grounds
                 .
                 If
                 in
                 hedges
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 set
                 them
                 16
                 foot
                 the
                 one
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 :
                 if
                 in
                 other
                 ground
                 ,
                 intending
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 Wood
                 of
                 them
                 18
                 foot
                 at
                 the
                 
                 least
                 .
                 But
                 a
                 moneth
                 before
                 you
                 do
                 remove
                 them
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 make
                 the
                 holes
                 (
                 wherein
                 you
                 purpose
                 to
                 set
                 them
                 )
                 about
                 four
                 foot
                 in
                 breadth
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 deep
                 as
                 that
                 their
                 roots
                 may
                 be
                 well
                 covered
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 half
                 a
                 foot
                 of
                 loose
                 earth
                 left
                 under
                 them
                 ,
                 having
                 alwayes
                 a
                 special
                 care
                 so
                 to
                 place
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 receive
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 shadowed
                 or
                 over-spread
                 by
                 any
                 neighbouring
                 trees
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 When
                 and
                 how
                 the
                 Eggs
                 of
                 the
                 Silk-wormes
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 hatched
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 to
                 order
                 the
                 Wormes
                 that
                 shall
                 come
                 of
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 WHen
                 the
                 leavs
                 of
                 Mulberry-trees
                 begin
                 a
                 little
                 to
                 bud
                 forth
                 ,
                 take
                 the
                 eggs
                 of
                 your
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 and
                 lay
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Say
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 like
                 stuff
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 day
                 time
                 carry
                 them
                 in
                 some
                 warm
                 place
                 about
                 you
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 safe
                 box
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 either
                 lay
                 them
                 in
                 your
                 bed
                 or
                 between
                 two
                 warm
                 pillows
                 ,
                 untill
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 the
                 Wormes
                 begin
                 to
                 come
                 forth
                 :
                 then
                 take
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 paper
                 of
                 the
                 wideness
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 box
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 cut
                 it
                 full
                 of
                 small
                 holes
                 ,
                 lay
                 it
                 within
                 the
                 same
                 upon
                 the
                 eggs
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 that
                 again
                 some
                 few
                 Mulbery-leaves
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 the
                 Wormes
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 hatched
                 ,
                 will
                 continually
                 come
                 .
                 These
                 leaves
                 with
                 the
                 Wormes
                 upon
                 them
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 still
                 remove
                 into
                 other
                 boxes
                 ,
                 laying
                 fresh
                 leaves
                 as
                 well
                 on
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 removed
                 as
                 on
                 the
                 paper
                 where
                 the
                 eggs
                 are
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 is
                 the
                 course
                 which
                 must
                 be
                 duly
                 kept
                 and
                 observed
                 ,
                 untill
                 such
                 times
                 as
                 all
                 the
                 Wormes
                 be
                 come
                 forth
                 of
                 their
                 shels
                 ,
                 still
                 keeping
                 their
                 boxes
                 warm
                 ,
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ;
                 but
                 no
                 longer
                 about
                 you
                 ,
                 but
                 untill
                 the
                 Wormes
                 begin
                 to
                 come
                 forth
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 boxes
                 you
                 may
                 safely
                 take
                 them
                 ,
                 when
                 once
                 they
                 have
                 past
                 their
                 second
                 sicknesse
                 ,
                 and
                 feed
                 them
                 upon
                 shelves
                 of
                 two
                 foot
                 in
                 breadth
                 ,
                 and
                 18
                 inches
                 one
                 above
                 the
                 other
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 said
                 shelves
                 are
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 placed
                 in
                 any
                 ground-room
                 ,
                 nor
                 yet
                 next
                 unto
                 the
                 tiles
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 some
                 middle
                 room
                 of
                 your
                 house
                 which
                 openeth
                 upon
                 the
                 North
                 and
                 South
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 the
                 more
                 conveniently
                 give
                 them
                 either
                 heat
                 or
                 aire
                 ,
                 according
                 as
                 the
                 time
                 and
                 season
                 shall
                 require
                 .
                 Besides
                 you
                 must
                 not
                 make
                 them
                 close
                 unto
                 the
                 Wals
                 ,
                 but
                 so
                 as
                 you
                 may
                 
                 passe
                 about
                 them
                 the
                 better
                 to
                 look
                 unto
                 the
                 Wormes
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 them
                 from
                 Rats
                 and
                 Mice
                 ,
                 which
                 otherwise
                 might
                 devoure
                 them
                 .
                 You
                 must
                 observe
                 the
                 times
                 of
                 their
                 comming
                 forth
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 every
                 one
                 ,
                 one
                 or
                 two
                 dayes
                 hatching
                 by
                 themselves
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 the
                 better
                 understand
                 their
                 severall
                 sicknesses
                 or
                 sleepings
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 foure
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 their
                 feeding
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 commonly
                 some
                 twelve
                 dayes
                 after
                 they
                 are
                 hatched
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 that
                 time
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 every
                 eight
                 dayes
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 weather
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 good
                 or
                 ill
                 usage
                 ,
                 during
                 which
                 time
                 of
                 every
                 sicknesse
                 ,
                 which
                 lasteth
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 dayes
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 feed
                 them
                 but
                 very
                 little
                 ,
                 as
                 onely
                 to
                 relieve
                 such
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 shall
                 have
                 past
                 their
                 sicknesse
                 before
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 that
                 shall
                 not
                 fall
                 into
                 their
                 sicknesse
                 so
                 soon
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 whole
                 time
                 that
                 the
                 Worms
                 do
                 feed
                 ,
                 is
                 about
                 nine
                 Weeks
                 ,
                 whereof
                 untill
                 they
                 come
                 unto
                 their
                 first
                 sicknesse
                 ,
                 give
                 them
                 young
                 Mu●bery-leaves
                 twice
                 every
                 day
                 ,
                 but
                 few
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ;
                 from
                 thence
                 untill
                 their
                 second
                 sickness
                 ,
                 twice
                 every
                 day
                 in
                 greater
                 quantity
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 from
                 their
                 second
                 to
                 their
                 third
                 sicknesse
                 ,
                 increasing
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 leaves
                 ,
                 according
                 as
                 you
                 perceive
                 the
                 Wormes
                 to
                 grow
                 in
                 strength
                 ,
                 and
                 clear
                 of
                 sicknesse
                 :
                 from
                 the
                 third
                 untill
                 their
                 fourth
                 sicknesse
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 give
                 them
                 leaves
                 thrice
                 every
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 fourth
                 being
                 past
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 let
                 them
                 have
                 so
                 many
                 as
                 they
                 will
                 eat
                 ,
                 alwayes
                 having
                 a
                 care
                 that
                 you
                 give
                 them
                 none
                 ,
                 but
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 dry
                 ,
                 and
                 well
                 aired
                 upon
                 a
                 Table
                 or
                 cloth
                 ,
                 before
                 they
                 be
                 laid
                 upon
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 withall
                 gathered
                 so
                 neer
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 ;
                 at
                 such
                 times
                 as
                 either
                 the
                 Sun
                 or
                 Winde
                 hath
                 cleared
                 them
                 of
                 the
                 dew
                 that
                 falleth
                 upon
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 feeding
                 of
                 Worms
                 you
                 need
                 observe
                 no
                 other
                 order
                 then
                 this
                 ,
                 lay
                 the
                 Mulberry-leaves
                 upon
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 dayes
                 remove
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 clean
                 their
                 boxes
                 ,
                 or
                 shelves
                 ,
                 unlesse
                 in
                 times
                 of
                 their
                 sicknesse
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 touched
                 ;
                 the
                 leaves
                 which
                 you
                 take
                 from
                 them
                 when
                 you
                 give
                 them
                 fresh
                 to
                 feed
                 upon
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 lay
                 in
                 some
                 convenient
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 them
                 a
                 few
                 new
                 leaves
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 the
                 Worms
                 that
                 lay
                 hidden
                 in
                 the
                 old
                 ,
                 will
                 come
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 you
                 may
                 passe
                 them
                 with
                 the
                 said
                 new
                 lea●es
                 
                 to
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 worms
                 :
                 And
                 now
                 lest
                 any
                 thing
                 should
                 be
                 omitted
                 ,
                 which
                 serves
                 to
                 perfect
                 the
                 discovery
                 of
                 so
                 excellent
                 a
                 benefit
                 ,
                 I
                 will
                 advise
                 you
                 to
                 be
                 very
                 diligent
                 in
                 keeping
                 clean
                 their
                 Boxes
                 ,
                 or
                 shelves
                 ,
                 as
                 being
                 a
                 speciall
                 means
                 whereby
                 to
                 preserve
                 them
                 ;
                 wherefore
                 when
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 do
                 it
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 remove
                 them
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 uppermost
                 leaves
                 whereon
                 they
                 lie
                 ,
                 unto
                 other
                 boxes
                 or
                 shelves
                 ,
                 for
                 with
                 your
                 hands
                 you
                 may
                 not
                 touch
                 them
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 have
                 throughly
                 undergone
                 their
                 third
                 sicknesse
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 may
                 you
                 passe
                 them
                 gently
                 with
                 clean
                 hands
                 ,
                 without
                 doing
                 them
                 any
                 harm
                 :
                 provided
                 that
                 the
                 party
                 that
                 commeth
                 neer
                 them
                 smell
                 not
                 of
                 Garlick
                 ,
                 Onions
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 like
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 five
                 weeks
                 of
                 their
                 age
                 you
                 must
                 be
                 very
                 carefull
                 to
                 keep
                 them
                 warm
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 rain
                 or
                 cold
                 weather
                 ,
                 to
                 set
                 in
                 the
                 room
                 where
                 they
                 remain
                 ,
                 a
                 pan
                 with
                 coals
                 ,
                 burning
                 in
                 it
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 some
                 Juniper
                 ,
                 Benjamin
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 like
                 ,
                 that
                 yieldeth
                 sweet
                 smels
                 .
                 But
                 afterwards
                 unlesse
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 extraordinary
                 cold
                 ,
                 give
                 them
                 aire
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 heed
                 of
                 keeping
                 them
                 too
                 hot
                 ,
                 being
                 alwayes
                 mindfull
                 to
                 store
                 the
                 room
                 with
                 herbs
                 and
                 flowers
                 which
                 are
                 delightfull
                 and
                 pleasing
                 to
                 the
                 smell
                 .
                 As
                 the
                 wormes
                 increase
                 in
                 bigness
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 disperse
                 them
                 abroad
                 upon
                 more
                 boards
                 ,
                 or
                 shelvs
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 suffer
                 them
                 to
                 lie
                 too
                 thick
                 together
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 finde
                 any
                 of
                 them
                 broken
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 a
                 yellow
                 glistering
                 colour
                 inclining
                 to
                 sickness
                 ,
                 cast
                 them
                 away
                 ,
                 lest
                 they
                 infect
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 and
                 sort
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 not
                 sick
                 ,
                 the
                 greatest
                 and
                 strongest
                 by
                 themselves
                 ,
                 for
                 so
                 the
                 lesser
                 will
                 prosper
                 the
                 better
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 When
                 and
                 how
                 to
                 make
                 fit
                 rooms
                 for
                 the
                 worms
                 to
                 work
                 their
                 bottoms
                 of
                 silk
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 what
                 sort
                 the
                 said
                 bottoms
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 used
                 .
              
               
                 AS
                 soon
                 as
                 by
                 the
                 clear
                 amber-coloured
                 bodies
                 of
                 your
                 worms
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 perceive
                 them
                 ready
                 to
                 give
                 their
                 silk
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 (
                 with
                 heath
                 made
                 very
                 clean
                 ,
                 or
                 with
                 the
                 branches
                 of
                 Rosmary
                 ,
                 the
                 stalkes
                 of
                 Lavender
                 ,
                 or
                 such
                 lik
                 )
                 make
                 Arches
                 between
                 the
                 foresaid
                 shelves
                 .
              
               
                 Vpon
                 the
                 branches
                 and
                 sprigs
                 whereof
                 ,
                 the
                 wormes
                 will
                 fasten
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 their
                 bottoms
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 fourteen
                 dayes
                 after
                 the
                 worm
                 beginneth
                 to
                 work
                 them
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 
                 take
                 away
                 ;
                 and
                 those
                 which
                 you
                 are
                 minded
                 to
                 use
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 best
                 silk
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 either
                 presently
                 winde
                 ,
                 or
                 kill
                 the
                 worms
                 which
                 are
                 within
                 them
                 ,
                 by
                 laying
                 the
                 said
                 bottoms
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 dayes
                 in
                 the
                 Sun
                 or
                 in
                 some
                 Oven
                 after
                 the
                 bread
                 baked
                 therein
                 is
                 taken
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 fierceness
                 of
                 the
                 heat
                 is
                 alaid
                 .
                 The
                 other
                 bottomes
                 which
                 you
                 intend
                 to
                 keep
                 for
                 seed
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 lay
                 in
                 some
                 convenient
                 warme
                 place
                 ,
                 untill
                 the
                 worms
                 come
                 forth
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 commonly
                 some
                 sixteene
                 or
                 twenty
                 dayes
                 from
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 their
                 work
                 :
                 and
                 as
                 they
                 do
                 come
                 forth
                 you
                 must
                 put
                 them
                 together
                 upon
                 some
                 piece
                 of
                 old
                 Say
                 ,
                 Grogeran
                 ,
                 the
                 backsid●
                 of
                 old
                 Velvet
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 made
                 fast
                 against
                 some
                 Wall
                 ,
                 or
                 Hangings
                 in
                 your
                 house
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 they
                 will
                 ingender
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Male
                 having
                 spent
                 himselfe
                 ,
                 falleth
                 down
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 short
                 time
                 after
                 dieth
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 doth
                 the
                 Female
                 when
                 she
                 hath
                 laid
                 her
                 egges
                 ,
                 which
                 egges
                 ,
                 when
                 you
                 perceive
                 them
                 upon
                 the
                 Say
                 or
                 Grogran
                 ,
                 &c.
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 a
                 grayish
                 colour
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 them
                 off
                 gently
                 with
                 a
                 knife
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 put
                 them
                 into
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Say
                 or
                 such
                 like
                 ,
                 keep
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 covered
                 box
                 amongst
                 your
                 woollen
                 cloaths
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 like
                 till
                 the
                 year
                 following
                 :
                 But
                 not
                 in
                 any
                 moist
                 room
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 hurtfull
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 neither
                 where
                 there
                 is
                 too
                 much
                 heat
                 ,
                 least
                 the
                 wormes
                 should
                 be
                 hatched
                 before
                 you
                 can
                 have
                 any
                 food
                 for
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 making
                 of
                 a
                 Wheel
                 ,
                 as
                 likewise
                 the
                 way
                 to
                 winde
                 the
                 said
                 silk
                 from
                 the
                 bottoms
                 ,
                 can
                 hardly
                 be
                 set
                 down
                 so
                 plainly
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 rightly
                 understood
                 :
                 Wherefore
                 when
                 time
                 shall
                 serve
                 ,
                 there
                 shall
                 be
                 sent
                 into
                 every
                 County
                 of
                 this
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 a
                 Wheel
                 ready
                 made
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 man
                 that
                 shall
                 instruct
                 all
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 desirous
                 to
                 learn
                 the
                 use
                 thereof
                 :
                 Till
                 when
                 ,
                 I
                 will
                 commend
                 these
                 brief
                 instructions
                 to
                 be
                 carefully
                 considered
                 of
                 all
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 willing
                 to
                 benefit
                 either
                 themselvs
                 or
                 their
                 Country
                 ,
                 that
                 being
                 skilfull
                 in
                 the
                 Contemplation
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 the
                 readier
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 less
                 errour
                 apply
                 themselves
                 to
                 Action
                 ,
                 which
                 painfull
                 industry
                 ,
                 with
                 Gods
                 assistance
                 ,
                 will
                 quickly
                 perfect
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 An
                 Extract
                 of
                 a
                 Letter
                 from
                 Germany
                 ,
                 concerning
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 written
                 to
                 
                   S.
                   H
                
                 ,
                 Esquire
                 .
              
               
                 AS
                 for
                 keeping
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 I
                 must
                 confess
                 I
                 have
                 spent
                 likewise
                 some
                 time
                 in
                 the
                 ordering
                 and
                 observing
                 of
                 them
                 inasmuch
                 as
                 this
                 very
                 yeare
                 (
                 1653
                 )
                 I
                 have
                 had
                 from
                 them
                 so
                 much
                 good
                 Silk
                 (
                 and
                 equal
                 to
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 brought
                 either
                 out
                 of
                 Persia
                 or
                 Italy
                 )
                 as
                 have
                 made
                 mee
                 two
                 paire
                 of
                 Stockings
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 have
                 found
                 by
                 experience
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 kept
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 Germany
                 as
                 in
                 other
                 Countries
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 Mulberry-trees
                 will
                 grow
                 in
                 abundance
                 upon
                 our
                 Lands
                 ;
                 wherefore
                 I
                 have
                 often
                 wished
                 that
                 the
                 Emperour
                 (
                 of
                 Germany
                 )
                 would
                 follow
                 the
                 most
                 laudable
                 example
                 of
                 the
                 K.
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 forbidden
                 the
                 importation
                 of
                 foraigne
                 Silk
                 into
                 his
                 Kingdom
                 hath
                 thereby
                 so
                 much
                 obliged
                 the
                 industry
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 come
                 to
                 a
                 great
                 perfection
                 in
                 this
                 Silken
                 Manufacture
                 .
                 But
                 concerning
                 the
                 Experiments
                 of
                 making
                 Silk
                 out
                 of
                 Nettles
                 or
                 out
                 of
                 Flax
                 ,
                 I
                 never
                 have
                 tried
                 either
                 of
                 them
                 .
                 Only
                 I
                 remember
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 seene
                 once
                 a
                 very
                 fine
                 and
                 delicate
                 yarne
                 or
                 thred
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 made
                 purely
                 out
                 of
                 Nettels
                 .
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 believe
                 that
                 those
                 Artist
                 of
                 Hamburg
                 and
                 Wolfenbuttel
                 which
                 you
                 have
                 named
                 unto
                 mee
                 in
                 your
                 Letter
                 ,
                 will
                 communicat
                 their
                 Skil
                 for
                 a
                 publique
                 good
                 ,
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 they
                 can
                 get
                 their
                 own
                 comfortable
                 subsistance
                 by
                 it
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Letter
                 written
                 by
                 Mr.
                 Ra.
                 Austen
                 ,
                 from
                 Oxford
                 ,
                 Febr.
                 18.
                 1654.
                 
                 Imparting
                 his
                 Experiments
                 about
                 Silk-worms
                 and
                 how
                 to
                 wind
                 off
                 the
                 Silk
                 from
                 the
                 Bottoms
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Worms
                 have
                 done
                 spinning
                 ?
              
               
                 COncerning
                 my
                 experiences
                 about
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 I
                 only
                 say
                 thus
                 much
                 .
                 That
                 I
                 am
                 fully
                 satisfied
                 upon
                 good
                 and
                 sure
                 grounds
                 that
                 the
                 keeping
                 of
                 them
                 (
                 store
                 of
                 them
                 )
                 in
                 these
                 parts
                 would
                 be
                 of
                 very
                 great
                 profit
                 ,
                 could
                 we
                 but
                 get
                 Mulbery
                 leaves
                 sufficient
                 to
                 feed
                 them
                 .
                 For
                 upon
                 my
                 own
                 knowledge
                 and
                 experience
                 (
                 last
                 yeare
                 )
                 upon
                 some
                 thousands
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 I
                 see
                 what
                 
                 might
                 be
                 by
                 more
                 .
                 For
                 my
                 great
                 doubt
                 and
                 question
                 was
                 satisfied
                 about
                 the
                 winding
                 of
                 the
                 Si●ke
                 from
                 the
                 Bottoms
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Worms
                 have
                 done
                 spinning
                 .
                 I
                 plainly
                 see
                 it
                 is
                 very
                 easy
                 ,
                 Children
                 of
                 6.
                 or
                 7.
                 yeares
                 old
                 can
                 apprehend
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 do
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 Worms
                 having
                 done
                 spinning
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 within
                 4.
                 or
                 5.
                 dayes
                 of
                 their
                 beginning
                 ,
                 through
                 out-most
                 silke
                 is
                 ravelled
                 off
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 end
                 is
                 found
                 immediately
                 ,
                 which
                 runnes
                 on
                 (
                 5.
                 or
                 10.
                 or
                 16.
                 or
                 more
                 bottoms
                 together
                 )
                 in
                 a
                 bason
                 of
                 water
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 gum
                 drag
                 mixed
                 .
                 Some
                 Bottoms
                 (
                 if
                 the
                 Worms
                 were
                 strong
                 and
                 well
                 fed
                 )
                 run
                 without
                 breaking
                 ,
                 scarce
                 once
                 or
                 twice
                 till
                 all
                 be
                 off
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 break
                 ,
                 are
                 quickly
                 found
                 again
                 .
                 The
                 truth
                 is
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 Worms
                 are
                 scanted
                 of
                 leaves
                 ,
                 their
                 silk
                 is
                 so
                 small
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 holds
                 not
                 so
                 well
                 as
                 that
                 of
                 lusty
                 Worms
                 .
                 I
                 saw
                 many
                 brave
                 Skains
                 of
                 Silk
                 wound
                 off
                 the
                 last
                 yeare
                 ,
                 and
                 help't
                 to
                 do
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 my self
                 .
                 Now
                 the
                 great
                 matter
                 is
                 ,
                 How
                 to
                 propagate
                 Mulberry-trees
                 enough
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 ordinary
                 way
                 ,
                 by
                 boughes
                 ,
                 we
                 can
                 have
                 but
                 few
                 that
                 way
                 .
                 I
                 am
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 experimenting
                 other
                 wayes
                 by
                 Seed
                 ,
                 Inoculating
                 ,
                 Grafting
                 ,
                 &c
                 :
                 what
                 will
                 be
                 the
                 result
                 ,
                 as
                 yet
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 :
                 I
                 doubt
                 not
                 ,
                 but
                 God
                 will
                 in
                 his
                 good
                 time
                 bring
                 to
                 light
                 and
                 set
                 on
                 foot
                 many
                 good
                 and
                 worthy
                 designes
                 ,
                 more
                 then
                 are
                 in
                 these
                 Nations
                 .
                 We
                 had
                 need
                 to
                 labour
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 Principles
                 of
                 that
                 worthy
                 person
                 ,
                 whose
                 Paper
                 you
                 enclosed
                 ,
                 patiently
                 and
                 humbly
                 to
                 waite
                 the
                 Lords
                 season
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 designe
                 for
                 God
                 in
                 all
                 we
                 go
                 about
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 crowne
                 our
                 endeavours
                 with
                 comfort
                 and
                 success
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Rare
                 and
                 new-discovered
                 speedy
                 way
                 ,
                 and
                 easie
                 meanes
                 of
                 keeping
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 being
                 thus
                 made
                 knowne
                 to
                 the
                 Colony
                 in
                 VIRGINIA
                 .
              
               
                 HEarken
                 wel
                 you
                 beloved
                 Planters
                 ,
                 to
                 what
                 in
                 these
                 few
                 lines
                 I
                 shall
                 declare
                 unto
                 you
                 ;
                 and
                 is
                 thus
                 sent
                 you
                 in
                 Print
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 of
                 you
                 may
                 communicate
                 the
                 great
                 and
                 superlative
                 good
                 and
                 benefit
                 will
                 be
                 unto
                 every
                 one
                 of
                 you
                 :
                 
                   who
                   so
                   is
                   wise
                   ,
                   will
                   ponder
                   these
                   things
                   ,
                
                 and
                 give
                 the
                 prai●e
                 and
                 glory
                 to
                 God
                 ,
                 the
                 Author
                 of
                 all
                 good
                 Inventions
                 ,
                 how
                 Providence
                 having
                 
                 brought
                 this
                 to
                 pass
                 for
                 ●ll
                 your
                 exceeding
                 great
                 happine●s
                 and
                 increase
                 of
                 store
                 of
                 wealth
                 ,
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 ea●e
                 ,
                 so
                 little
                 labour
                 ,
                 no
                 cost
                 unto
                 you
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 so
                 short
                 a
                 time
                 as
                 fourty
                 daies
                 ,
                 this
                 wealth
                 flowes
                 in
                 upon
                 you
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 know
                 I
                 conceive
                 desire
                 to
                 know
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 am
                 as
                 wil●ing
                 to
                 impart
                 it
                 unto
                 you
                 :
                 thus
                 then
                 in
                 brief
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 plain
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 may
                 understand
                 it
                 ,
              
               
                 The
                 same
                 Lady
                 ,
                 who
                 last
                 year
                 sent
                 you
                 her
                 Books
                 of
                 
                   Health
                   and
                   Wealth
                
                 ,
                 
                 (
                 who
                 hath
                 the
                 happiness
                 to
                 beare
                 the
                 honourable
                 name
                 of
                 your
                 incomparable
                 Countrey
                 )
                 continuing
                 her
                 sincere
                 affections
                 to
                 the
                 advancing
                 of
                 your
                 welfares
                 in
                 all
                 kindes
                 ;
                 and
                 amongst
                 the
                 rest
                 in
                 this
                 rich
                 work
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 knowing
                 Virginia
                 to
                 be
                 in
                 all
                 respects
                 most
                 proper
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 by
                 a
                 late
                 Book
                 en●
                 you●
                 published
                 by
                 Mr.
                 Williams
                 ,
                 )
                 not
                 onely
                 in
                 regard
                 of
                 the
                 Climate
                 being
                 the
                 same
                 with
                 China
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 the
                 infinite
                 quantity
                 of
                 silk
                 comes
                 ,
                 but
                 abounding
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 doth
                 )
                 with
                 Mulberry-trees
                 naturally
                 growing
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 exceeding
                 it
                 by
                 the
                 Silkworm-bottoms
                 found
                 in
                 her
                 Woods
                 .
                 She
                 hath
                 I
                 say
                 this
                 Spring
                 found
                 out
                 (
                 by
                 the
                 speciall
                 blessing
                 of
                 God
                 upon
                 her
                 intentions
                 )
                 so
                 rare
                 ,
                 so
                 speedy
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 costless
                 a
                 way
                 and
                 means
                 for
                 the
                 feeding
                 of
                 Silkwormes
                 ;
                 
                 by
                 the
                 triall
                 and
                 experiment
                 she
                 so
                 luckily
                 made
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 admiration
                 of
                 all
                 that
                 have
                 seen
                 or
                 heard
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 thing
                 scarce
                 credible
                 ;
                 because
                 not
                 heretofore
                 thought
                 of
                 ,
                 nay
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 ,
                 held
                 impossible
                 by
                 such
                 Authours
                 as
                 have
                 written
                 of
                 the
                 ordering
                 and
                 feeding
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 :
                 that
                 this
                 her
                 invention
                 being
                 thus
                 made
                 known
                 unto
                 you
                 ,
                 her
                 beloved
                 friends
                 in
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 she
                 is
                 most
                 confident
                 ,
                 and
                 assures
                 herself
                 you
                 will
                 all
                 there
                 instantly
                 without
                 further
                 delay
                 (
                 which
                 will
                 be
                 the
                 joy
                 of
                 her
                 heart
                 )
                 become
                 great
                 and
                 rich
                 Masters
                 of
                 this
                 noble●
                 Silk-work
                 to
                 all
                 your
                 unspeakable
                 wealth
                 .
              
               
                 Do
                 but
                 as
                 she
                 hath
                 done
                 ;
                 follow
                 but
                 with
                 good
                 courage
                 your
                 cheerfull
                 leader
                 ,
                 and
                 doubtless
                 you
                 shall
                 finde
                 (
                 what
                 she
                 desires
                 you
                 may
                 ,
                 )
                 namely
                 ,
                 
                   Great
                   profit
                   and
                   pleasure
                
                 in
                 an
                 honest
                 imployment
                 .
                 This
                 Silken-Mine
                 will
                 be
                 to
                 you
                 of
                 more
                 benefit
                 then
                 a
                 Mine
                 of
                 silver
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 May
                 last
                 1652
                 ,
                 
                 when
                 her
                 young
                 Mulberry-tree
                 in
                 her
                 Garden
                 began
                 to
                 put
                 out
                 its
                 buds
                 ,
                 then
                 her
                 
                 Silkworm-eggs
                 began
                 to
                 hatch
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 this
                 wise
                 creature
                 is
                 ,
                 
                 when
                 her
                 food
                 begins
                 once
                 to
                 appear
                 ,
                 she
                 comes
                 forth
                 of
                 her
                 shell
                 :
                 she
                 presently
                 laying
                 a
                 Mulberry-leafe
                 upon
                 these
                 little
                 crawling
                 creatures
                 ,
                 they
                 came
                 all
                 upon
                 it
                 instantly
                 ;
                 then
                 she
                 carried
                 the
                 leafe
                 and
                 them
                 upon
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 tree
                 ,
                 upon
                 whose
                 leaves
                 they
                 made
                 hast
                 to
                 be
                 ;
                 and
                 there
                 they
                 day
                 and
                 night
                 fed
                 themselves
                 ,
                 creeping
                 from
                 leafe
                 to
                 leafe
                 ,
                 and
                 branch
                 to
                 branch
                 at
                 their
                 own
                 liberties
                 most
                 pleasing
                 to
                 themselves
                 ;
                 they
                 grew
                 and
                 thrived
                 wonderfully
                 ,
                 and
                 surpassed
                 in
                 largness
                 of
                 body
                 those
                 other
                 wormes
                 she
                 kept
                 in
                 her
                 chamber
                 (
                 she
                 having
                 been
                 many
                 a
                 year
                 a
                 Mistris
                 of
                 Silkworms
                 ,
                 and
                 kept
                 them
                 by
                 the
                 Book-rules
                 )
                 this
                 good
                 and
                 prosperous
                 beginning
                 heightened
                 her
                 hopes
                 .
                 The
                 wormes
                 ,
                 as
                 their
                 nature
                 is
                 ,
                 cast
                 off
                 or
                 slipped
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 skins
                 four
                 severall
                 times
                 ,
                 still
                 growing
                 greater
                 and
                 greater
                 to
                 the
                 singular
                 delight
                 and
                 content
                 of
                 their
                 Mistris
                 .
                 About
                 45
                 dayes
                 thus
                 feeding
                 upon
                 the
                 leaves
                 ,
                 they
                 began
                 that
                 rare
                 and
                 glorious
                 work
                 of
                 spinning
                 their
                 Silk-bottomes
                 upon
                 the
                 leaves
                 and
                 branches
                 of
                 the
                 tree
                 ;
                 such
                 a
                 gallant
                 sight
                 to
                 behold
                 ,
                 
                 it
                 ravished
                 the
                 Spectators
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Mistris
                 joy
                 was
                 crowned
                 with
                 excess
                 of
                 happiness
                 herein
                 and
                 hereby
                 ,
                 apparently
                 finding
                 the
                 incomparable
                 felicity
                 this
                 would
                 prove
                 to
                 her
                 dearly
                 beloved
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 so
                 you
                 must
                 give
                 her
                 leave
                 to
                 call
                 it
                 ,
                 )
                 for
                 she
                 concluded
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 must
                 all
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 being
                 thus
                 effected
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 
                 how
                 much
                 more
                 with
                 assured
                 confidence
                 will
                 the
                 wormes
                 live
                 ,
                 feed
                 ,
                 and
                 spin
                 in
                 Virginia
                 ?
                 she
                 upon
                 serious
                 and
                 due
                 consideration
                 of
                 this
                 thing
                 ,
                 gave
                 God
                 hearty
                 and
                 humble
                 thanks
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 what
                 can
                 any
                 of
                 you
                 now
                 wish
                 ,
                 for
                 more
                 incouragement
                 ?
                 the
                 full
                 proof
                 is
                 made
                 ,
                 the
                 work
                 (
                 or
                 rather
                 let
                 me
                 call
                 it
                 )
                 the
                 pleasure
                 is
                 effected
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 ease
                 ,
                 so
                 little
                 cost
                 ,
                 hazard
                 or
                 pains
                 ,
                 as
                 all
                 may
                 admire
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 'T
                 is
                 not
                 the
                 hundreth
                 part
                 of
                 your
                 care
                 ,
                 labour
                 ,
                 or
                 toyl
                 you
                 take
                 about
                 your
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 hundred
                 times
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 may
                 say
                 )
                 all
                 things
                 put
                 together
                 more
                 gain
                 and
                 profit
                 to
                 you
                 then
                 you
                 make
                 by
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 truth
                 is
                 but
                 smoak
                 and
                 vapour
                 ,
                 but
                 this
                 a
                 reall-royall-solid-rich-staple
                 Commodity
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 yet
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 have
                 still
                 smoak
                 ,
                 so
                 this
                 neither
                 will
                 nor
                 can
                 hinder
                 your
                 labour
                 in
                 that
                 ,
                 or
                 take
                 from
                 you
                 any
                 other
                 employment
                 you
                 have
                 a
                 minde
                 unto
                 .
              
               
               
                 Consider
                 ,
                 consider
                 I
                 pray
                 you
                 (
                 beloved
                 friends
                 )
                 your
                 incomparable
                 happiness
                 in
                 this
                 thing
                 ,
                 and
                 bless
                 God
                 for
                 it
                 .
                 Surely
                 I
                 should
                 much
                 wrong
                 your
                 judgements
                 and
                 patience
                 if
                 I
                 should
                 spend
                 any
                 more
                 arguments
                 to
                 perswade
                 you
                 to
                 this
                 so
                 great
                 benefit
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 and
                 should
                 be
                 like
                 to
                 him
                 that
                 to
                 manifest
                 the
                 clear
                 Sun-shine
                 at
                 noon-day
                 ,
                 brought
                 in
                 a
                 candle
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 a
                 word
                 ,
                 there
                 's
                 nothing
                 is
                 or
                 can
                 be
                 wanting
                 but
                 your
                 true
                 thankfulness
                 to
                 God
                 for
                 compleating
                 this
                 happy
                 invention
                 ,
                 and
                 your
                 present
                 speedy
                 putting
                 it
                 in
                 practice
                 .
              
               
                 Yet
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 ;
                 before
                 I
                 bid
                 you
                 adien
                 ,
                 to
                 add
                 the
                 incomparable
                 joy
                 this
                 Lady
                 hath
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 confidently
                 perswaded
                 (
                 her
                 daily
                 prayers
                 are
                 to
                 God
                 for
                 it
                 )
                 that
                 this
                 new
                 invented
                 way
                 of
                 thus
                 keeping
                 Silkworms
                 on
                 the
                 Trees
                 ;
                 it
                 requiring
                 neither
                 skill
                 nor
                 pains
                 ,
                 (
                 this
                 last
                 being
                 the
                 only
                 Remora
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Savages
                 nature
                 ,
                 which
                 witholds
                 them
                 from
                 attempting
                 any
                 thing
                 of
                 labour
                 )
                 that
                 when
                 the
                 Indians
                 shall
                 behold
                 and
                 see
                 you
                 begin
                 the
                 business
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 with
                 all
                 alacrity
                 set
                 upon
                 it
                 likewise
                 ,
                 and
                 imitate
                 you
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 you
                 to
                 incourage
                 them
                 (
                 as
                 well
                 you
                 may
                 )
                 do
                 agree
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 every
                 pound-weight
                 of
                 Silk-bottoms
                 they
                 bring
                 unto
                 you
                 ,
                 you
                 give
                 them
                 (
                 as
                 well
                 it
                 deserves
                 )
                 5
                 shil
                 .
                 worth
                 in
                 any
                 Commodities
                 they
                 desire
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 thus
                 by
                 the
                 blessing
                 of
                 Almighty
                 God
                 ,
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 good
                 hope
                 of
                 their
                 civilizing
                 and
                 conversion
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 likewise
                 great
                 gainers
                 both
                 in
                 body
                 and
                 soul
                 by
                 this
                 thing
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 this
                 prove
                 so
                 ,
                 (
                 Gods
                 mercies
                 and
                 workes
                 being
                 far
                 beyond
                 our
                 capacities
                 )
                 how
                 much
                 then
                 indeed
                 will
                 Virginia's
                 happiness
                 be
                 every
                 way
                 raised
                 to
                 the
                 height
                 of
                 Blisse
                 .
                 The
                 promise
                 being
                 made
                 ,
                 
                   That
                   they
                   that
                   be
                   wise
                   shall
                   shine
                   as
                   the
                   brightness
                   of
                   the
                   Firmament
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   that
                   turn
                   many
                   to
                   righteousnesse
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   stars
                   for
                   ever
                   and
                   ever
                
                 ;
                 which
                 the
                 God
                 of
                 wisdome
                 and
                 power
                 grant
                 to
                 you
                 all
                 in
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 ,
                 Lord
                 ,
                 prosper
                 this
                 work
                 in
                 their
                 hands
                 ,
                 Lord
                 ,
                 prosper
                 their
                 handy-work
                 ;
                 good
                 luck
                 I
                 wish
                 you
                 all
                 in
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 Lord
                 ,
                 
                   Amen
                   ,
                   Amen
                   ,
                   Amen
                
                 .
              
               
                 Memorandum
                 ;
                 that
                 you
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Birds
                 wi●l
                 eat
                 up
                 the
                 Silkworms
                 on
                 the
                 trees
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 care
                 must
                 be
                 had
                 (
                 and
                 it
                 's
                 easily
                 prevented
                 by
                 severall
                 wayes
                 and
                 means
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 will
                 
                 devi●e
                 )
                 to
                 scare
                 away
                 the
                 birds
                 ;
                 if
                 all
                 fail
                 ,
                 a
                 boy
                 may
                 be
                 set
                 that
                 may
                 affright
                 them
                 them
                 al
                 away
                 with
                 some
                 noise
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 nets
                 encompa●sing
                 the
                 trees
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 birds
                 will
                 also
                 carry
                 the
                 Silk-bottoms
                 off
                 the
                 trees
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 let
                 there
                 remain
                 ;
                 but
                 that
                 's
                 soon
                 pre●ented
                 ,
                 by
                 taking
                 them
                 speedily
                 away
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 of
                 the
                 birds
                 is
                 the
                 chief
                 reason
                 ,
                 that
                 Virginia
                 abounds
                 not
                 with
                 plenty
                 of
                 the
                 naturall
                 wilde
                 Silkworms
                 ,
                 they
                 devouring
                 most
                 of
                 them
                 :
                 and
                 it
                 's
                 a
                 wonder
                 how
                 any
                 at
                 all
                 escape
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 God
                 preser●es
                 some
                 few
                 of
                 the
                 race
                 ,
                 that
                 his
                 power
                 and
                 wisdome
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 aptnesse
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 to
                 invite
                 you
                 to
                 the
                 work
                 .
              
               
                 
                 It
                 will
                 be
                 good
                 for
                 you
                 to
                 incourage
                 the
                 Savages
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 finde
                 any
                 bottoms
                 in
                 the
                 woods
                 ,
                 to
                 bring
                 them
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 get
                 of
                 the
                 race
                 ,
                 and
                 seed
                 to
                 increase
                 it
                 .
                 Some
                 say
                 ,
                 the
                 originall
                 Silkworm
                 is
                 produced
                 by
                 the
                 corruption
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Mu●berry-tree
                 and
                 leaves
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Sunne
                 and
                 moisture
                 .
                 But
                 that
                 none
                 of
                 you
                 may
                 want
                 a
                 stock
                 to
                 begin
                 your
                 Silk-work
                 ,
                 the
                 Lady
                 aforesaid
                 hath
                 sent
                 you
                 store
                 of
                 Silkworm-eggs
                 to
                 be
                 distributed
                 amongst
                 you
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 begin
                 but
                 with
                 an
                 100
                 eggs
                 this
                 year
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 next
                 year
                 be
                 above
                 1000
                 ;
                 for
                 one
                 female
                 Silk-fly
                 will
                 lay
                 3
                 ,
                 4
                 ,
                 500
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 all
                 things
                 more
                 and
                 more
                 concurring
                 to
                 your
                 incouragement
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 the
                 two
                 Propositions
                 that
                 tend
                 to
                 infinite
                 welfare
                 ,
                 benefit
                 ,
                 and
                 wonderfull
                 advantage
                 both
                 to
                 England
                 and
                 the
                 Colony
                 joyntly
                 ,
                 are
                 those
                 that
                 follow
                 ,
                 they
                 which
                 upon
                 no
                 terms
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 omitted
                 to
                 be
                 published
                 and
                 effected
                 .
              
               
                 First
                 ,
                 that
                 with
                 all
                 speed
                 some
                 kinde
                 of
                 Coyne
                 be
                 sent
                 to
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 may
                 be
                 authorized
                 to
                 passe
                 there
                 for
                 their
                 Commerce
                 and
                 better
                 trading
                 .
                 But
                 whether
                 all
                 silver
                 somewhat
                 valued
                 above
                 its
                 worth
                 ,
                 or
                 part
                 silver
                 and
                 part
                 copper
                 ,
                 is
                 left
                 to
                 the
                 wi●e
                 judgments
                 in
                 that
                 case
                 .
                 But
                 of
                 this
                 confidently
                 be
                 assured
                 ,
                 that
                 without
                 some
                 kinde
                 of
                 coyn
                 or
                 other
                 ,
                 that
                 Colony
                 can
                 no
                 way
                 prosper
                 or
                 thrive
                 ,
                 nor
                 any
                 staple-commodities
                 be
                 set
                 up
                 ,
                 or
                 Artificers
                 in
                 any
                 kinde
                 follow
                 their
                 professions
                 :
                 for
                 Tobacco
                 being
                 now
                 their
                 money
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 with
                 which
                 all
                 Commerce
                 is
                 driven●
                 ,
                 and
                 paiments
                 made
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 passeth
                 from
                 man
                 to
                 man
                 ;
                 all
                 men
                 are
                 set
                 upon
                 that
                 thing
                 with
                 the
                 neglect
                 of
                 all
                 other
                 rich
                 and
                 solid
                 innumerable
                 Commodities
                 that
                 are
                 
                 in
                 that
                 land
                 to
                 be
                 had
                 :
                 and
                 till
                 this
                 remedy
                 of
                 Coyne
                 be
                 applied
                 ,
                 there
                 can
                 be
                 no
                 prosperity
                 in
                 that
                 Colony
                 .
                 Were
                 not
                 the
                 thing
                 as
                 apparent
                 to
                 all
                 mens
                 understandings
                 as
                 light
                 is
                 from
                 darknesse
                 ;
                 I
                 should
                 alledge
                 many
                 reasons
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 's
                 so
                 needlesse
                 to
                 spend
                 time
                 about
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 might
                 well
                 be
                 thought
                 a
                 great
                 absurdity
                 .
                 What
                 then
                 remains
                 ?
                 but
                 that
                 some
                 publique
                 spirited
                 Patriot
                 that
                 would
                 immortalize
                 his
                 name
                 and
                 honour
                 in
                 the
                 procuring
                 of
                 this
                 so
                 necessary
                 a
                 thing
                 to
                 be
                 speedily
                 effected
                 ,
                 wherein
                 also
                 as
                 the
                 generall
                 good
                 he
                 shall
                 do
                 ,
                 so
                 the
                 benefit
                 will
                 be
                 ever
                 great
                 to
                 those
                 that
                 shall
                 undertake
                 the
                 carrying
                 over
                 this
                 Coyne
                 ;
                 be
                 it
                 what
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 ,
                 all
                 men
                 know
                 it
                 so
                 well
                 what
                 the
                 gain
                 will
                 be
                 ,
                 as
                 there
                 's
                 no
                 need
                 to
                 name
                 it
                 in
                 particular
                 manner
                 ,
                 they
                 cannot
                 wish
                 for
                 more
                 profit
                 then
                 that
                 will
                 be
                 to
                 the
                 undertakers
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Colony
                 will
                 with
                 all
                 their
                 hearts
                 be
                 content
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 esteeme
                 them
                 happy
                 and
                 thrice
                 happy
                 Benefactours
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 second
                 thing
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Publication
                 be
                 procured
                 and
                 sent
                 to
                 the
                 Colony
                 in
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 declaring
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 shall
                 be
                 liberty
                 for
                 all
                 men
                 to
                 bring
                 from
                 thence
                 for
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 ten
                 years
                 to
                 come
                 ,
                 any
                 commodity
                 that
                 they
                 shall
                 there
                 raise
                 ,
                 into
                 England
                 ,
                 Custome
                 and
                 Excize
                 free
                 ,
                 (
                 Tobacco
                 onely
                 excepted
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 pay
                 double
                 Custome
                 ,
                 if
                 so
                 thought
                 fit
                 :
                 )
                 and
                 further
                 that
                 to
                 what
                 value
                 of
                 money
                 such
                 commodities
                 shall
                 be
                 sold
                 for
                 here
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 (
                 being
                 rated
                 at
                 the
                 Custome-house
                 at
                 their
                 entry
                 ;
                 )
                 it
                 shall
                 be
                 lawfull
                 to
                 carry
                 out
                 to
                 Virginia
                 any
                 Commodities
                 again
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 proportion
                 &
                 worth
                 ,
                 Custome
                 and
                 Excize
                 free
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 two
                 reasonable
                 things
                 granted
                 ;
                 as
                 they
                 shall
                 infinitily
                 with
                 all
                 speed
                 advance
                 the
                 Plantation
                 ,
                 so
                 shall
                 they
                 (
                 all
                 things
                 duly
                 weighed
                 in
                 the
                 scale
                 of
                 prudence
                 )
                 be
                 no
                 lesse
                 beneficiall
                 to
                 England
                 ,
                 as
                 all
                 men
                 that
                 have
                 their
                 eyes
                 in
                 their
                 heads
                 ,
                 and
                 English
                 hearts
                 in
                 their
                 bodies
                 ,
                 see
                 and
                 apparantly
                 know
                 ,
                 nothing
                 more
                 sure
                 and
                 certain
                 ;
                 and
                 all
                 stable
                 and
                 needfull
                 Commodities
                 brought
                 out
                 of
                 all-liberall
                 -
                 Virginia
                 into
                 England
                 at
                 a
                 very
                 reasonable
                 rate
                 and
                 price
                 ,
                 much
                 cheaper
                 then
                 now
                 we
                 have
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 fain
                 to
                 fetch
                 them
                 with
                 great
                 hazard
                 from
                 doubtfull
                 friends
                 ,
                 or
                 Heathen
                 Nations
                 ,
                 to
                 their
                 great
                 enriching
                 and
                 our
                 own
                 impoverishing
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 all
                 knowing
                 men
                 is
                 
                 most
                 apparent
                 ;
                 we
                 shall
                 be
                 free
                 from
                 the
                 usurpation
                 of
                 forreign
                 Princes
                 and
                 States
                 in
                 our
                 Estates
                 ,
                 Lives
                 ,
                 Liberties
                 and
                 shipping●
                 and
                 we
                 may
                 conclude
                 boldly
                 and
                 rejoycingly
                 ,
                 that
                 Providence
                 hath
                 provided
                 this
                 all-sufficient
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Virginia
                 against
                 these
                 times
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 to
                 these
                 intents
                 ,
                 that
                 hence
                 we
                 may
                 have
                 all
                 we
                 want
                 from
                 our
                 own
                 brethren
                 ,
                 our
                 Navy
                 there
                 increased
                 to
                 what
                 number
                 we
                 please
                 ;
                 for
                 this
                 incomparable●
                 land
                 affords
                 naturally
                 all
                 whate●●e
                 belongs
                 to
                 the
                 building
                 and
                 rigging
                 of
                 a
                 Navy
                 in
                 all
                 compleat
                 manner
                 from
                 top
                 to
                 toe
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 a
                 safe
                 ,
                 a
                 sure
                 ,
                 certain
                 ,
                 ease
                 ,
                 near
                 at
                 hand
                 westerly
                 disco●ery
                 ,
                 (
                 part
                 by
                 land
                 ,
                 and
                 part
                 by
                 Rivers
                 and
                 Seas
                 )
                 contract
                 all
                 the
                 riches
                 of
                 the
                 South-sea
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Molocos
                   ,
                   Philipines
                   ,
                   China
                   ,
                   &c.
                
                 by
                 3000
                 leagues
                 neerer
                 to
                 us
                 ,
                 without
                 molestation
                 by
                 any
                 Prince
                 or
                 Pirat
                 ,
                 and
                 shall
                 not
                 need
                 at
                 all
                 to
                 be
                 troubled
                 ,
                 if
                 
                   Rushia
                   ,
                   Poland
                   ,
                   Denmark
                   ,
                   Sweden
                   ,
                   Norway
                   ,
                   Germany
                   ,
                
                 yea
                 
                   France●
                   Spain
                   ,
                   Italy
                   ,
                   Constantinople
                
                 were
                 removed
                 5000
                 times
                 more
                 distant
                 from
                 us
                 :
                 for
                 in
                 one
                 word
                 ,
                 what
                 ever
                 these
                 Countreys
                 afford
                 ,
                 either
                 necessary
                 or
                 superfluous
                 ,
                 all-sufficient
                 Virginia
                 within
                 its
                 limits
                 will
                 produce
                 unto
                 us
                 .
                 And
                 shall
                 there
                 not
                 I
                 say
                 then
                 now
                 be
                 found
                 a
                 zealous
                 Patriot
                 ,
                 that
                 will
                 stand
                 up
                 for
                 his
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 and
                 procure
                 these
                 things
                 to
                 be
                 done
                 out
                 of
                 hand
                 ?
                 Now
                 God
                 forbid
                 ;
                 I
                 commit
                 the
                 businesse
                 to
                 God
                 ,
                 having
                 done
                 what
                 I
                 conceive
                 my
                 part
                 is
                 ,
                 who
                 onely
                 have
                 good
                 wishes
                 ,
                 and
                 daily
                 prayers
                 to
                 attend
                 this
                 enterprize
                 ,
                 which
                 God
                 prosper
                 ,
                 Amen
                 .
              
               
                 
                   POSTSCRIPT
                   .
                
                 
                   At
                   a
                   friends
                   importunity
                   ,
                   (
                   the
                   former
                   part
                   sent
                   to
                   the
                   Presse
                   )
                   I
                   am
                   thus
                   enforced
                   to
                   make
                   this
                   Addition
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   the
                   great
                   hopes
                   that
                   upon
                   triall
                   it
                   will
                   be
                   found
                   ,
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   have
                   two
                   Silk-harvests
                   in
                   one
                   six
                   moneths
                   time
                   ;
                   of
                   the
                   eggs
                   a
                   second
                   brood
                   may
                   be
                   hatched
                   in
                   Iune
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   fed
                   by
                   Mulberry-leaves
                   ,
                   though
                   then
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   it
                   must
                   be
                   in
                   an
                   house
                   ,
                   that
                   then
                   for
                   the
                   promoting
                   of
                   such
                   a
                   good
                   designe
                   nothing
                   of
                   incouragement
                   may
                   be
                   wanting
                   ,
                   not
                   any
                   obstructions
                   in
                   the
                   businesse
                   ,
                   under
                   pretence
                   of
                   wanting
                   needfull
                   housing
                   for
                   to
                   feed
                   the
                   wormes
                   in
                   .
                   Thus
                   much
                   I
                   will
                   assure
                   you
                   ,
                
                 
                 
                   That
                   the
                   slightest
                   and
                   simplest
                   kinde
                   of
                   housing
                   or
                   coverture
                   (
                   though
                   the
                   books
                   are
                   too
                   superstitions
                   and
                   ceremonious
                   in
                   the
                   rules
                   which
                   are
                   many
                   that
                   they
                   give
                   concerning
                   the
                   ordering
                   of
                   the
                   worm
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   not
                   so
                   necessary
                   as
                   they
                   pretend
                   ;
                   )
                   I
                   assure
                   you
                   ,
                   you
                   will
                   abundantly
                   content
                   and
                   satisfie
                   this
                   ,
                   though
                   noble
                   ;
                   yet
                   most
                   humble
                   creature
                   ,
                   even
                   with
                   any
                   habitation
                   to
                   do
                   her
                   work
                   in
                   .
                   And
                   to
                   this
                   intent
                   I
                   now
                   declare
                   unto
                   you
                   ,
                   (
                   that
                   all
                   excuse
                   may
                   be
                   taken
                   from
                   you
                   )
                   that
                   the
                   poor
                   simple
                   people
                   in
                   
                     Italy
                     ,
                     Spain
                     ,
                     Languedo●k●
                     Pr●vence
                     ,
                     &c.
                  
                   do
                   keep
                   and
                   feed
                   their
                   Silk-worms
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   low
                   earthen-floored
                   Rooms
                   ,
                   wherein
                   themselves
                   lodge
                   and
                   do
                   all
                   their
                   houshould-affairs
                   ,
                   feeding
                   them
                   on
                   shelves
                   and
                   on
                   tables
                   ,
                   giving
                   them
                   leaves
                   without
                   any
                   more
                   curiosity
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   thrive
                   and
                   prosper
                   with
                   them
                   as
                   well
                   as
                   in
                   the
                   greatest
                   Cities
                   and
                   stately
                   chambers
                   of
                   the
                   greatest
                   rich
                   mens
                   Palaces
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   that
                   in
                   Sicilie
                   and
                   Calabria
                   ,
                   
                   the
                   common
                   Silk-Masters
                   there
                   do
                   at
                   time
                   of
                   year
                   in
                   the
                   Spring
                   ,
                   set
                   up
                   only
                   slight
                   boarded
                   houses
                   in
                   the
                   fields
                   round
                   about
                   the
                   Mulberry
                   groves
                   ,
                   and
                   placing
                   shelves
                   in
                   the
                   inside
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   two
                   foot
                   one
                   above
                   the
                   other
                   to
                   the
                   roof
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   table
                   all
                   a
                   long
                   the
                   mid
                   of
                   the
                   room
                   ,
                   they
                   strowing
                   their
                   leaves
                   on
                   these
                   shelves
                   and
                   table
                   ,
                   there
                   feed
                   their
                   wormes
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   they
                   spin
                   in
                   the
                   room
                   their
                   Master
                   lies
                   for
                   the
                   space
                   of
                   five
                   or
                   six
                   weeks
                   time
                   ;
                   
                   and
                   they
                   have
                   abundance
                   of
                   silk
                   without
                   more
                   ●do
                   ;
                   and
                   a
                   man
                   and
                   a
                   boy
                   will
                   tend
                   all
                   the
                   worms
                   that
                   come
                   of
                   six
                   ounces
                   of
                   eggs
                   ,
                   and
                   those
                   wormes
                   will
                   spin
                   60
                   pound-weight
                   of
                   silk
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   but
                   at
                   20
                   shil
                   .
                   the
                   pound
                   ,
                   is
                   worth
                   60
                   ls
                   .
                   in
                   ready
                   money
                   ,
                   a
                   sufficient
                   gain
                   to
                   allure
                   a
                   man
                   to
                   the
                   work
                   I
                   tro
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   gain
                   by
                   the
                   naturall
                   worme
                   multiplying
                   will
                   farre
                   exceed
                   it
                   .
                   And
                   I
                   may
                   not
                   forget
                   yet
                   more
                   all
                   at
                   the
                   Persian
                   manner
                   is
                   to
                   pitch
                   up
                   onely
                   tents
                   of
                   Canvas
                   ,
                   and
                   Booths
                   round
                   their
                   Mulberry-woods
                   ,
                   and
                   there-under
                   they
                   strow
                   the
                   Mulberry-tree
                   leaves
                   on
                   the
                   ground●
                   there
                   their
                   wormes
                   feed
                   and
                   live
                   and
                   spin
                   ,
                   and
                   do
                   well
                   in
                   all
                   kindes
                   ,
                   the
                   Persians
                   living
                   also
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   fi●e
                   weeks
                   in
                   the
                   tents
                   .
                   Thus
                   all
                   these
                   examples
                   do
                   manifestly
                   prove
                   unto
                   you
                   ,
                   that
                   very
                   simple
                   and
                   slight
                   housing
                   and
                   〈…〉
                   will
                   content
                   the
                   Silk-worms
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   will
                   〈◊〉
                   well
                   in
                   them
                   .
                   And
                   thus
                   you
                   see
                   that
                   very
                   poor
                   and
                   slight
                   houses
                   in
                   Virginia
                   
                   will
                   do
                   the
                   deed
                   .
                   Nay
                   rest
                   assured
                   that
                   the
                   very
                   Savages
                   houses
                   built
                   but
                   with
                   Poles
                   Arbor-wi●e
                   ,
                   and
                   covered
                   top
                   and
                   sides
                   with
                   mats
                   ,
                   will
                   be
                   abundantly
                   satisfactory
                   to
                   the
                   wormes
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   will
                   thrive
                   in
                   them
                   as
                   you
                   shall
                   finde
                   upon
                   triall
                   .
                   And
                   let
                   me
                   tell
                   you
                   ,
                   being
                   desirous
                   that
                   you
                   may
                   do
                   all
                   things
                   with
                   the
                   least
                   cost
                   and
                   ●abour
                   to
                   you
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   invite
                   also
                   the
                   Savages
                   to
                   the
                   work
                   for
                   their
                   own
                   gain
                   ;
                   do
                   but
                   take
                   your
                   Reeds
                   and
                   small
                   Canes
                   in
                   Virginia
                   ,
                   and
                   run
                   but
                   a
                   strong
                   neede
                   and
                   threed
                   thorow
                   the
                   Reeds
                   which
                   will
                   hold
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   you
                   may
                   presently
                   make
                   shelves
                   and
                   tables
                   with
                   them
                   as
                   narrow
                   and
                   as
                   broad
                   as
                   you
                   please
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   truth
                   you
                   shall
                   finde
                   this
                   kinde
                   of
                   shelf
                   and
                   tab●ing
                   to
                   feed
                   your
                   worms
                   on
                   much
                   better
                   in
                   many
                   respects
                   then
                   boards
                   :
                   
                   but
                   you
                   may
                   make
                   triall
                   of
                   the
                   Persian
                   way
                   also
                   by
                   strowing
                   your
                   leaves
                   on
                   the
                   ground
                   in
                   these
                   houses
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   feed
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   your
                   second
                   brood
                   of
                   Silk-worms
                   may
                   also
                   be
                   thus
                   kept
                   and
                   nourished
                   in
                   this
                   kinde
                   of
                   housing
                   and
                   coverture
                   ;
                   Experience
                   is
                   the
                   Mistris
                   of
                   fools
                   ,
                   saith
                   the
                   Proverb
                   :
                   and
                   it
                   is
                   not
                   an
                   unwise
                   mans
                   part
                   often
                   to
                   make
                   trials
                   ,
                   though
                   to
                   some
                   men
                   they
                   may
                   seem
                   impossibilities
                   ,
                   yet
                   rare
                   and
                   strange
                   things
                   have
                   upon
                   triall
                   often
                   been
                   found
                   out
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   you
                   would
                   but
                   shew
                   the
                   Savages
                   samples
                   of
                   all
                   kinde
                   of
                   things
                   ,
                   you
                   should
                   soon
                   by
                   them
                   know
                   more
                   in
                   a
                   moneth
                   what
                   is
                   in
                   that
                   Countrey
                   to
                   be
                   had
                   then
                   you
                   have
                   done
                   these
                   40
                   years
                   ;
                   and
                   for
                   reward
                   they
                   would
                   bring
                   in
                   of
                   all
                   kindes
                   unto
                   you
                   ,
                   what
                   they
                   have
                   and
                   you
                   desire
                   to
                   know
                   ,
                   so
                   a
                   sudden
                   discovery
                   may
                   be
                   made
                   of
                   all
                   things
                   in
                   that
                   land
                   to
                   your
                   infinite
                   gain
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   conclude
                   with
                   this
                   Memento
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   are
                   nine
                   things
                   that
                   appear
                   ,
                   are
                   of
                   no
                   or
                   small
                   difficulty
                   to
                   you
                   and
                   the
                   Savages
                   to
                   enterprize
                   ,
                   and
                   get
                   gain
                   and
                   wealth
                   to
                   be
                   produced
                   from
                   these
                   Commodities
                   ;
                   I
                   will
                   but
                   name
                   them
                   and
                   leave
                   them
                   to
                   your
                   better
                   judgements
                   and
                   thoughts
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     1
                     This
                     Silke
                     ,
                     so
                     easie
                     ,
                     speedy
                     ,
                     and
                     profitable
                     a
                     thing
                     .
                  
                   
                     2
                     The
                     Silk-grasse
                     naturally
                     there
                     growing
                     ,
                     which
                     to
                     the
                     Indians
                     the
                     onely
                     labour
                     is
                     of
                     putting
                     it
                     up
                     ,
                     and
                     bringing
                     it
                     to
                     you
                     at
                     such
                     a
                     price
                     ;
                     a
                     rich
                     Commodity
                     if
                     known
                     .
                  
                   
                     3
                     The
                     planting
                     Vines
                     ,
                     small
                     labour
                     ,
                     little
                     cost
                     ,
                     long
                     enduring
                     .
                  
                   
                     
                     4
                     The
                     multiplying
                     of
                     Cunny-warrens
                     ,
                     so
                     easie
                     a
                     thing
                     ,
                     the
                     wool
                     of
                     a
                     skin
                     now
                     worth
                     8
                     pence
                     ,
                     which
                     is
                     more
                     then
                     the
                     body
                     ,
                     yet
                     the
                     flesh
                     is
                     considerable
                     meat
                     ;
                     the
                     wooll
                     is
                     and
                     will
                     be
                     very
                     vendible
                     for
                     this
                     new
                     In●ention
                     ,
                     not
                     onely
                     of
                     these
                     fine
                     light
                     hats
                     now
                     sold
                     at
                     15
                     and
                     20
                     shil
                     .
                     but
                     the
                     spining
                     of
                     the
                     wool
                     ,
                     and
                     making
                     stockings
                     of
                     it
                     as
                     fine
                     as
                     those
                     of
                     silke
                     .
                  
                   
                     5
                     The
                     increasing
                     of
                     abundance
                     of
                     Bees
                     for
                     wax
                     and
                     honey
                     ,
                     their
                     food
                     so
                     plentifull
                     in
                     Virginia
                     ,
                     as
                     in
                     no
                     Land
                     more
                     ,
                     and
                     if
                     with
                     an
                     hatchet
                     you
                     do
                     but
                     slash
                     your
                     Pine-trees
                     ,
                     Firre-trees
                     ,
                     Locus
                     ,
                     and
                     other
                     trees
                     ,
                     there
                     will
                     store
                     of
                     liquor
                     come
                     out
                     of
                     them
                     ,
                     on
                     which
                     the
                     Bee
                     will
                     gather
                     infinite
                     store
                     of
                     honey
                     and
                     wax
                     ,
                     as
                     in
                     Russia
                     and
                     other
                     Countreys
                     they
                     do
                     .
                  
                   
                     6
                     The
                     planting
                     of
                     Sugar-canes
                     ,
                     that
                     being
                     no
                     more
                     laborious
                     then
                     the
                     Indian
                     wheat
                     ,
                     setting
                     it
                     ,
                     and
                     once
                     set
                     in
                     good
                     Land
                     they
                     grow
                     eight
                     or
                     ten
                     years
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     Indians
                     pains
                     will
                     onely
                     be
                     to
                     cut
                     them
                     yearly
                     down
                     ,
                     and
                     sell
                     them
                     to
                     you
                     .
                  
                   
                     7
                     That
                     of
                     the
                     Cotton-tree
                     is
                     the
                     like
                     for
                     many
                     years
                     ,
                     gathering
                     of
                     the
                     cods
                     of
                     woll
                     from
                     them
                     ,
                     as
                     we
                     do
                     Roses
                     from
                     the
                     Rose-bushes
                     .
                  
                   
                     8
                     That
                     of
                     Ginger
                     soon
                     done
                     ,
                     the
                     planting
                     and
                     the
                     gathering
                     of
                     it
                     .
                  
                   
                     9
                     That
                     of
                     grafting
                     your
                     Crab-trees
                     with
                     Apples
                     and
                     Pears
                     for
                     Sider
                     and
                     Perry
                     ,
                     you
                     knowing
                     that
                     a
                     man
                     in
                     one
                     day
                     will
                     graft
                     an
                     100
                     stocks
                     ,
                     and
                     they
                     will
                     grow
                     night
                     and
                     day
                     ,
                     while
                     you
                     eat
                     ,
                     sleep
                     ,
                     and
                     play
                     ,
                     and
                     last
                     100
                     years
                     to
                     your
                     great
                     gain
                     and
                     profit
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   I
                   may
                   not
                   further
                   inlarge
                   my self
                   for
                   the
                   present
                   ,
                   these
                   are
                   but
                   tastes
                   and
                   hints
                   for
                   your
                   better
                   wits
                   to
                   worke
                   on
                   :
                   so
                   with
                   a
                   thousand
                   good
                   wishes
                   ,
                   I
                   bid
                   you
                   adiew
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Floreat
                     VIRGINIA
                  
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 fashion
                 of
                 the
                 Botome
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Silke
                 Bottome
                 of
                 the
                 naturall
                 Worm
                 in
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 found
                 there
                 in
                 the
                 Woods
                 ,
                 is
                 ten
                 Inches
                 about
                 ,
                 and
                 six
                 Inches
                 in
                 length
                 to
                 admiration
                 :
                 &
                 whereas
                 ours
                 in
                 Europe
                 have
                 their
                 Sleave
                 and
                 loose
                 Silke
                 on
                 the
                 outside
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 in
                 a
                 more
                 closer
                 covering
                 they
                 intombe
                 themselves
                 .
                 These
                 rare
                 Worms
                 ,
                 before
                 they
                 inclose
                 themselves
                 up
                 ,
                 fill
                 with
                 Silke
                 the
                 great
                 emptinesse
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 inclose
                 themselves
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 so
                 they
                 have
                 a
                 double
                 Bottom
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 loose
                 Sleave
                 Silk
                 is
                 all
                 on
                 the
                 outside
                 of
                 this
                 compass
                 ,
                 for
                 if
                 that
                 were
                 reckoned
                 in
                 ,
                 the
                 compasse
                 of
                 the
                 Bottom
                 would
                 far
                 exceed
                 this
                 proportion
                 :
                 But
                 this
                 is
                 sufficient
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Wonder
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 World
                 :
                 to
                 the
                 Glory
                 of
                 the
                 Creatour
                 ,
                 and
                 Exaltation
                 of
                 VIRGINIA
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 A
                 Loving
                 Advertisement
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 Ingenious
                 Gentlemen-Planters
                 in
                 Virginia
                 now
                 upon
                 the
                 Designe
                 of
                 
                   Silk
                   .
                   By
                   V.
                   F.
                
                 
              
               
                 Gentlemen
                 ,
              
               
                 SVch
                 hath
                 bin
                 the
                 singular
                 favour
                 of
                 Providence
                 to
                 you
                 and
                 the
                 Lady
                 ,
                 that
                 singe
                 the
                 publishing
                 of
                 this
                 Book
                 ;
                 it
                 hath
                 so
                 happily
                 lighted
                 into
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 divers
                 worthy
                 persons
                 ,
                 being
                 not
                 only
                 Gentlemen-Travellers
                 of
                 credit
                 ,
                 &
                 Merchants
                 of
                 reputation
                 ;
                 but
                 likewise
                 wonderfully
                 taken
                 with
                 the
                 love
                 of
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 zealously
                 affected
                 to
                 the
                 advancement
                 of
                 the
                 Silk-trade
                 in
                 that
                 Land
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 judge
                 (
                 not
                 of
                 their
                 experience
                 and
                 knowledge
                 of
                 what
                 they
                 have
                 and
                 observed
                 in
                 the
                 Easterly
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 where
                 abundance
                 of
                 Silk
                 is
                 made
                 )
                 that
                 no
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 is
                 more
                 proper
                 for
                 Silk
                 then
                 Al-sufficient
                 -
                 Virginia
                 :
                 In
                 regard
                 of
                 the
                 excellency
                 of
                 the
                 temper
                 of
                 the
                 Climate
                 ,
                 which
                 naturally
                 produceth
                 not
                 onely
                 Mulberries
                 for
                 food
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Silk-worme
                 it selfe
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 wonderful
                 greatness
                 of
                 the
                 wilde
                 Silk-bottom
                 :
                 which
                 as
                 they
                 say
                 ,
                 The
                 whole
                 Vniverse
                 affords
                 not
                 ,
                 nor
                 brings
                 forth
                 the
                 like
                 to
                 their
                 own
                 small
                 admiration
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 greater
                 quantities
                 of
                 them
                 found
                 or
                 seen
                 they
                 conclude
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 in
                 regard
                 of
                 the
                 birds
                 who
                 are
                 their
                 natural
                 enemies
                 ,
                 &
                 devoure
                 most
                 of
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 these
                 Gentlemen
                 are
                 confident
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 did
                 not
                 know
                 &
                 practise
                 those
                 ways
                 and
                 meanes
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 feeding
                 and
                 preservation
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 some
                 far
                 remote
                 Regions
                 is
                 practised
                 by
                 those
                 Nations
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 expert
                 Masters
                 of
                 Silk-wormes
                 ,
                 Virginia
                 would
                 instantly
                 abound
                 with
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 and
                 surpass
                 all
                 those
                 Countreyes
                 in
                 that
                 rich
                 commodity
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 all
                 become
                 with
                 great
                 speed
                 and
                 small
                 cost
                 ,
                 or
                 li●tle
                 labour
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 happiest
                 ,
                 wealthiest
                 people
                 that
                 the
                 World
                 affords
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 intent
                 that
                 such
                 a
                 blessing
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 longer
                 wanting
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 superlative
                 benigne
                 affections
                 ,
                 and
                 publike
                 spirit
                 ,
                 imparted
                 to
                 the
                 Lady
                 these
                 ensuing
                 Relations
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 earnest
                 desires
                 and
                 advises
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 all
                 in
                 Virginia
                 may
                 out
                 of
                 hand
                 be
                 made
                 partakers
                 of
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 then
                 knowing
                 them
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 no
                 longer
                 live
                 in
                 gross
                 darknes
                 and
                 ignorance
                 of
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 treasure
                 that
                 you
                 are
                 possessors
                 
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 now
                 have
                 and
                 enjoy
                 the
                 full
                 use
                 and
                 benefit
                 of
                 ,
                 which
                 hitherunto
                 hath
                 most
                 straingely
                 been
                 hidden
                 from
                 the
                 eyes
                 of
                 body
                 and
                 mind
                 ;
                 They
                 conceiving
                 that
                 the
                 chief
                 cause
                 thereof
                 hath
                 been
                 the
                 pernicious
                 smoak
                 of
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 that
                 thus
                 hath
                 dimmed
                 and
                 obscured
                 your
                 better
                 intellectuals
                 ;
                 but
                 when
                 you
                 begin
                 to
                 put
                 these
                 wayes
                 &
                 means
                 in
                 practice
                 ,
                 they
                 say
                 you
                 will
                 bl●sse
                 your selves
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 do
                 )
                 that
                 you
                 have
                 not
                 in
                 this
                 long
                 time
                 discovered
                 the
                 infinite
                 wealth
                 and
                 happiness
                 that
                 will
                 arise
                 unto
                 you
                 out
                 of
                 Silk
                 .
                 But
                 not
                 longer
                 to
                 detain
                 from
                 you
                 this
                 most
                 precious
                 eye-salve
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 speedy
                 curing
                 of
                 your
                 infirmity
                 ,
                 and
                 making
                 you
                 all
                 rich
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 your
                 main
                 aime
                 in
                 that
                 new
                 world
                 )
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Hearken
                 well
                 to
                 these
                 Informations
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Lady
                 earnestly
                 desires
                 may
                 thus
                 be
                 with
                 all
                 speed
                 made
                 known
                 to
                 you
                 all
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 one
                 Traveller
                 declared
                 ,
                 That
                 he
                 passed
                 a
                 Countrey
                 where
                 he
                 saw
                 those
                 people
                 had
                 their
                 Silk-worms
                 feeding
                 on
                 their
                 Mulberry-trees
                 in
                 the
                 fields
                 &
                 there
                 they
                 live
                 &
                 spun
                 their
                 Bottoms
                 on
                 the
                 trees
                 ,
                 And
                 to
                 protect
                 this
                 noble
                 profitable
                 creature
                 &
                 to
                 defend
                 it
                 from
                 the
                 birds
                 ,
                 they
                 used
                 a
                 most
                 slight
                 ,
                 simple
                 ,
                 plain
                 invention
                 speedily
                 effected
                 &
                 of
                 no
                 cost
                 or
                 labour
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 certain
                 great
                 sheets
                 of
                 Reeds
                 or
                 Canes
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 hung
                 over
                 and
                 about
                 their
                 trees
                 ,
                 tied
                 to
                 certain
                 poles
                 that
                 incompassed
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 this
                 easie
                 manner
                 they
                 obtained
                 great
                 abundant
                 quantities
                 of
                 silk
                 ,
                 to
                 their
                 wonderful
                 inriching
                 .
                 The
                 sheets
                 of
                 Reeds
                 were
                 joyned
                 together
                 by
                 a
                 neede
                 and
                 thred
                 ,
                 running
                 through
                 each
                 Reed
                 at
                 several
                 equal
                 distances
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 drew
                 them
                 close
                 and
                 firm
                 together
                 .
                 This
                 for
                 you
                 to
                 imitate
                 ,
                 is
                 in
                 every
                 respect
                 to
                 your
                 wonderfull
                 happiness
                 .
              
               
                 Another
                 of
                 these
                 Travellers
                 saith
                 ,
                 That
                 he
                 passed
                 a
                 Countrey
                 where
                 the
                 inhabitants
                 did
                 make
                 large
                 Tents
                 or
                 Boothes
                 all
                 of
                 Reeds
                 and
                 Canes
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 them
                 placed
                 shelves
                 and
                 tables
                 made
                 likewise
                 of
                 Reeds
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 they
                 fed
                 their
                 Worms
                 ,
                 strewing
                 leaves
                 on
                 them
                 .
                 These
                 tents
                 they
                 set
                 up
                 round
                 about
                 their
                 Mulberry-Groves
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 much
                 celerity
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 cost
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 third
                 Gentleman
                 and
                 Merchant
                 ,
                 that
                 lived
                 long
                 in
                 the
                 
                 farthest
                 parts
                 of
                 Turkey
                 ,
                 affirmeth
                 ,
                 That
                 there
                 the
                 inhabitants
                 begin
                 every
                 Spring
                 ,
                 March
                 ,
                 to
                 feed
                 their
                 Worms
                 ,
                 and
                 continue
                 it
                 till
                 October
                 ,
                 six
                 moneths
                 time
                 :
                 their
                 Worms
                 hatching
                 &
                 re-hatching
                 ,
                 one
                 generation
                 or
                 brood
                 succeeding
                 the
                 other
                 :
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 three
                 harvests
                 of
                 silk-bottoms
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 space
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 every
                 five
                 or
                 six
                 weeks
                 one
                 :
                 they
                 feed
                 their
                 Worms
                 in
                 great
                 long
                 Barns
                 made
                 of
                 Reeds
                 or
                 Canes
                 ,
                 the
                 walls
                 and
                 roofs
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 shelves
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wormes
                 when
                 they
                 have
                 done
                 feeding
                 ,
                 spin
                 their
                 bottoms
                 upon
                 the
                 reedy
                 walls
                 and
                 roofs
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 two
                 crops
                 of
                 leaves
                 from
                 their
                 trees
                 :
                 for
                 those
                 trees
                 that
                 have
                 their
                 leaves
                 pull'd
                 off
                 in
                 
                   March
                   ,
                   April
                
                 ,
                 and
                 May
                 ,
                 do
                 re-leave
                 again
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 new
                 and
                 fresh
                 leaves
                 in
                 
                   Iune
                   ,
                   Iuly
                
                 and
                 August
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 they
                 feed
                 their
                 latter
                 generation
                 or
                 brood
                 of
                 Wormes
                 very
                 profitably
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 in
                 confirmation
                 of
                 this
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 know
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 hath
                 been
                 found
                 true
                 in
                 England
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Mulberry-tree
                 will
                 leave
                 twice
                 in
                 a
                 Summer
                 ,
                 the
                 Lady
                 had
                 the
                 experience
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 much
                 more
                 will
                 it
                 do
                 with
                 you
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 be
                 a
                 most
                 singular
                 advantage
                 to
                 you
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 must
                 not
                 omit
                 to
                 add
                 what
                 these
                 Gentlemen
                 farther
                 advise
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 can
                 never
                 sufficiently
                 augment
                 the
                 store
                 of
                 food
                 for
                 this
                 Noble
                 Creature
                 :
                 for
                 store
                 of
                 food
                 is
                 the
                 main
                 foundation
                 ,
                 upon
                 whose
                 speeding
                 the
                 Silk-trade
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 erected
                 :
                 for
                 if
                 that
                 be
                 not
                 wanting
                 ,
                 no
                 obstruction
                 can
                 be
                 in
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 glorious
                 Worm
                 is
                 so
                 infinite
                 in
                 multiplication
                 ,
                 with
                 that
                 celerity
                 as
                 is
                 incredible
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 she
                 will
                 never
                 be
                 defective
                 unto
                 you
                 :
                 they
                 therefore
                 counsell
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 graft
                 your
                 Mulberries
                 with
                 all
                 care
                 and
                 speed
                 upon
                 these
                 severall
                 trees
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 they
                 will
                 exceedingly
                 thrive
                 ,
                 viz.
                 the
                 Popler
                 ,
                 the
                 Elme
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Chesnut
                   ,
                   Beech
                   ,
                   Quince
                   ,
                   Medler
                   ,
                   Fig
                   ,
                   Peare
                   ,
                   Apple
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                 Cornell-trees
                 .
                 And
                 also
                 upon
                 any
                 other
                 trees
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 upon
                 a
                 trial
                 you
                 find
                 the
                 Worm
                 will
                 taste
                 or
                 eat
                 their
                 leaves
                 .
                 Likewise
                 that
                 you
                 set
                 of
                 your
                 Mulberry-slips
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 your
                 thumb
                 ,
                 about
                 two
                 foot
                 long
                 :
                 and
                 put
                 them
                 into
                 good
                 wel-digg'd
                 ground
                 in
                 September
                 ,
                 setting
                 them
                 a
                 foot
                 in
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 bruising
                 the
                 ends
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 watering
                 them
                 the
                 next
                 Summer
                 well
                 ,
                 if
                 need
                 be
                 :
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 as
                 in
                 Kent
                 ,
                 they
                 set
                 the
                 
                 Codling-slips
                 .
                 That
                 you
                 also
                 cause
                 the
                 Indians
                 to
                 bring
                 unto
                 your
                 habitations
                 all
                 the
                 young
                 Mulberry-trees
                 that
                 are
                 within
                 an
                 hundred
                 miles
                 of
                 your
                 Colony
                 .
                 But
                 let
                 me
                 acquaint
                 you
                 that
                 they
                 admire
                 what
                 some
                 Gentlemen
                 Planters
                 of
                 credit
                 tell
                 them
                 ;
                 that
                 your
                 brave
                 Wormes
                 do
                 not
                 onely
                 live
                 ,
                 feed
                 ,
                 and
                 spin
                 upon
                 the
                 Mulberry-trees
                 in
                 the
                 Woods
                 ,
                 but
                 do
                 the
                 same
                 upon
                 the
                 
                 Poplar-trees
                 ,
                 
                 Plum-trees
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 Apple-trees
                 :
                 ●
                 such
                 an
                 incouragement
                 to
                 the
                 Silk-trade
                 ,
                 the
                 World
                 (
                 say
                 they
                 )
                 never
                 yet
                 heard
                 of
                 before
                 ,
                 which
                 must
                 needs
                 lift
                 you
                 up
                 to
                 a
                 most
                 speedy
                 and
                 incomparable
                 height
                 of
                 wealth
                 and
                 riches
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 moment
                 of
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 by
                 your
                 gentle
                 patience
                 and
                 generosity
                 ,
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 propound
                 unto
                 you
                 ,
                 the
                 earnest
                 request
                 the
                 Lady
                 hath
                 to
                 all
                 of
                 you
                 ;
                 that
                 you
                 please
                 to
                 inform
                 her
                 (
                 being
                 also
                 the
                 desire
                 of
                 many
                 others
                 )
                 how
                 it
                 comes
                 to
                 pass
                 that
                 your
                 Wormes
                 get
                 to
                 your
                 severall
                 trees
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 to
                 the
                 Mulberry
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 others
                 :
                 For
                 in
                 no
                 other
                 Countreys
                 the
                 
                 Silk-worme-flie
                 doth
                 use
                 her
                 wings
                 to
                 flie
                 with
                 :
                 so
                 that
                 yours
                 must
                 either
                 do
                 it
                 (
                 and
                 so
                 at
                 time
                 of
                 yeer
                 couple
                 and
                 flie
                 to
                 sundry
                 trees
                 ;
                 and
                 there
                 lay
                 their
                 eggs
                 which
                 remain
                 till
                 Spring
                 again
                 )
                 or
                 that
                 your
                 trees
                 do
                 naturally
                 ingender
                 and
                 produce
                 the
                 Wormes
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 conceived
                 ,
                 the
                 original
                 of
                 them
                 so
                 hapned
                 at
                 first
                 )
                 but
                 which
                 way
                 soever
                 it
                 be
                 ,
                 it
                 's
                 rare
                 and
                 remarkable
                 ;
                 and
                 proves
                 Virginia
                 to
                 be
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 superlative
                 Countreys
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Vniverse
                 for
                 the
                 Silk-trade
                 ;
                 and
                 none
                 comparable
                 unto
                 the
                 excellency
                 of
                 its
                 naturall
                 temper
                 for
                 Silk
                 .
              
               
                 Then
                 that
                 you
                 also
                 inform
                 her
                 all
                 you
                 can
                 of
                 the
                 nature
                 ,
                 actions
                 ,
                 qualities
                 and
                 dispositions
                 in
                 all
                 kindes
                 of
                 this
                 most
                 wonderfull
                 Creature
                 ,
                 every
                 way
                 so
                 admirable
                 ,
                 what
                 by
                 any
                 English
                 or
                 Savage
                 hath
                 bin
                 any
                 way
                 observed
                 in
                 her
                 :
                 when
                 her
                 eggs
                 first
                 hatch
                 ,
                 then
                 how
                 long
                 time
                 she
                 is
                 feeding
                 before
                 she
                 spins
                 ,
                 upon
                 what
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 trees
                 she
                 fastens
                 her
                 Bottom
                 ;
                 How
                 long
                 she
                 continues
                 in
                 her
                 Bottom
                 before
                 she
                 comes
                 out
                 a
                 Fly
                 ,
                 then
                 when
                 they
                 couple
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 lay
                 their
                 eggs
                 ,
                 upon
                 what
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 trees
                 ?
                 How
                 long
                 they
                 live
                 after
                 that
                 time
                 ?
                 For
                 these
                 in
                 the
                 old
                 World
                 never
                 eat
                 after
                 they
                 once
                 begin
                 to
                 spin
                 :
                 how
                 large
                 in
                 bigness
                 and
                 compass
                 are
                 commonly
                 their
                 bottoms
                 ?
                 if
                 all
                 of
                 one
                 colour
                 ,
                 or
                 divers
                 ?
                 In
                 what
                 part
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 are
                 most
                 of
                 them
                 seen
                 and
                 found
                 ?
                 what
                 do
                 the
                 Savages
                 call
                 them
                 ,
                 or
                 know
                 any
                 use
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 what
                 birds
                 are
                 they
                 that
                 most
                 devoure
                 them
                 ?
                 (
                 for
                 did
                 they
                 not
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 swarm
                 all
                 the
                 Land
                 over
                 in
                 a
                 very
                 few
                 yeers
                 )
                 ;
                 if
                 any
                 thing
                 besides
                 birds
                 be
                 hurtfull
                 to
                 them
                 ?
                 Their
                 greatness
                 and
                 doubleness
                 of
                 their
                 Bottoms
                 are
                 wonder●ul
                 ,
                 none
                 ever
                 known
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 ,
                 which
                 argues
                 the
                 strength
                 and
                 richness
                 of
                 this
                 noble
                 Worm
                 ,
                 her
                 vigour
                 and
                 hardnes
                 exceeds
                 ,
                 that
                 can
                 endure
                 all
                 wethers
                 and
                 seasons
                 both
                 alive
                 and
                 in
                 her
                 eggs
                 .
                 A
                 great
                 incouragement
                 to
                 you
                 all
                 that
                 she
                 is
                 not
                 a
                 nice
                 curious
                 kinde
                 of
                 Silkworme
                 ;
                 but
                 stout
                 and
                 robustous
                 ,
                 that
                 will
                 require
                 little
                 care
                 or
                 attendance
                 ,
                 of
                 small
                 cost
                 unto
                 you
                 .
                 But
                 her
                 food
                 and
                 protection
                 is
                 all
                 she
                 requires
                 ,
                 and
                 pays
                 you
                 ten
                 thousand-fold
                 for
                 what
                 you
                 bestow
                 on
                 her
                 .
                 That
                 you
                 please
                 to
                 send
                 of
                 her
                 Bottoms
                 to
                 satisfie
                 all
                 men
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 like
                 the
                 Queen
                 of
                 Sheba
                 ,
                 much
                 better
                 trust
                 their
                 eyes
                 than
                 eares
                 ;
                 some
                 of
                 their
                 eggs
                 likewise
                 upon
                 that
                 which
                 they
                 lay
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Fly
                 (
                 though
                 dead
                 )
                 which
                 will
                 many
                 a
                 yeer
                 retain
                 her
                 perfect
                 form
                 in
                 a
                 box
                 :
                 do
                 not
                 the
                 wormes
                 hatch
                 and
                 spin
                 twice
                 or
                 thrice
                 in
                 a
                 Summer
                 ?
              
               
                 Let
                 me
                 add
                 one
                 Petition
                 more
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 have
                 done
                 .
                 viz.
                 That
                 some
                 of
                 your
                 precious
                 Silk-grass
                 may
                 be
                 sent
                 the
                 Lady
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 confident
                 upon
                 the
                 triall
                 she
                 will
                 make
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 she
                 will
                 give
                 you
                 so
                 pleasing
                 an
                 account
                 and
                 so
                 profitable
                 unto
                 you
                 ,
                 in
                 making
                 known
                 unto
                 you
                 what
                 an
                 unknown
                 wealth
                 you
                 have
                 :
                 she
                 prays
                 you
                 (
                 and
                 all
                 is
                 for
                 your
                 own
                 gain
                 )
                 to
                 bore
                 and
                 cut
                 all
                 your
                 trees
                 (
                 a
                 most
                 easie
                 thing
                 )
                 and
                 thereby
                 you
                 shall
                 discover
                 presently
                 ,
                 what
                 rich
                 Gums
                 ,
                 what
                 Balsoms
                 ,
                 what
                 Oils
                 ,
                 and
                 precious
                 healthful
                 Liquours
                 they
                 will
                 yield
                 you
                 for
                 profit
                 &
                 necessity
                 :
                 For
                 all
                 men
                 know
                 that
                 many
                 kindes
                 of
                 trees
                 do
                 yield
                 most
                 pleasant
                 and
                 healthsome
                 Wines
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 may
                 call
                 them
                 )
                 for
                 man
                 to
                 drink
                 ;
                 so
                 also
                 you
                 will
                 finde
                 out
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Dies
                 and
                 Colours
                 (
                 instantly
                 done
                 )
                 :
                 cut
                 and
                 bruise
                 all
                 kindes
                 of
                 your
                 Woods
                 ,
                 Barks
                 ,
                 and
                 Leaves
                 of
                 Trees
                 ,
                 Roots
                 ,
                 Berries
                 ,
                 Nuts
                 ,
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 Plants
                 ,
                 Weeds
                 ;
                 and
                 but
                 boil
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 Skillet
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 put
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 piece
                 of
                 white
                 Woollen
                 or
                 Linnen
                 cloth
                 with
                 some
                 Allom
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 shall
                 instantly
                 finde
                 and
                 see
                 what
                 rich
                 Colours
                 they
                 will
                 make
                 .
                 What
                 is
                 Indico
                 but
                 a
                 Weed
                 ,
                 so
                 
                 Woad
                 and
                 Madder
                 ?
                 What
                 is
                 
                   Brasil
                   ,
                   Fustick
                   ,
                   Logwood
                
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 more
                 kinde
                 of
                 Dies
                 ,
                 but
                 Woods
                 ?
                 what
                 Coucheneal
                 the
                 rich
                 Scarlet
                 die
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 Fly
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 excrements
                 of
                 the
                 Indian
                 Fig-tree
                 ?
                 what
                 is
                 the
                 new-found
                 rich
                 dying
                 stuff
                 of
                 25.
                 l.
                 a
                 Tun
                 ;
                 but
                 of
                 a
                 tree
                 that
                 is
                 brought
                 from
                 the
                 Island
                 of
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 neer
                 Cape
                 Florida
                 where
                 Captain
                 Sailes
                 plants
                 ?
                 And
                 shall
                 Virginia
                 not
                 yield
                 a
                 drop
                 of
                 good
                 Liquour
                 or
                 Colour
                 ?
                 It
                 cannot
                 be
                 ;
                 if
                 but
                 a
                 triall
                 thus
                 easie
                 were
                 made
                 .
              
               
                 By
                 burning
                 of
                 all
                 kinde
                 of
                 Woods
                 and
                 Gums
                 ,
                 you
                 'le
                 soon
                 finde
                 by
                 your
                 nose
                 what
                 sweet
                 Perfumes
                 they
                 yield
                 .
                 And
                 by
                 the
                 ponderousness
                 or
                 weight
                 of
                 earths
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 know
                 if
                 Minerals
                 or
                 not
                 ?
                 Let
                 it
                 be
                 known
                 also
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 have
                 not
                 Waters
                 of
                 more
                 than
                 ordinary
                 qualities
                 ;
                 for
                 taste
                 ,
                 colours
                 ,
                 smell
                 ,
                 weight
                 ,
                 hotness
                 ,
                 or
                 coldness
                 ?
                 there
                 is
                 much
                 depends
                 upon
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 you
                 shall
                 know
                 if
                 they
                 proceed
                 out
                 of
                 any
                 Minerals
                 ,
                 by
                 taking
                 a
                 glass
                 full
                 ,
                 and
                 putting
                 into
                 it
                 a
                 Gall
                 beaten
                 to
                 powder
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 turn
                 the
                 water
                 into
                 a
                 reddish
                 colour
                 :
                 and
                 send
                 samples
                 of
                 all
                 kinde
                 of
                 strange
                 earths
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 all
                 other
                 kinde
                 of
                 things
                 without
                 fail
                 .
                 And
                 lastly
                 ,
                 (
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 not
                 too
                 much
                 presumption
                 to
                 beg
                 the
                 favour
                 to
                 receive
                 that
                 honour
                 from
                 you
                 )
                 which
                 she
                 no
                 wayes
                 deserves
                 nor
                 can
                 hope
                 to
                 requite
                 :
                 To
                 inform
                 her
                 what
                 be
                 the
                 things
                 ,
                 the
                 wayes
                 ,
                 the
                 means
                 to
                 advance
                 
                   Virginia's
                   Prosperity
                
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 procured
                 and
                 effected
                 .
                 If
                 any
                 errour
                 be
                 committed
                 in
                 telling
                 you
                 all
                 this
                 :
                 there
                 is
                 hope
                 your
                 pardon
                 may
                 be
                 obtained
                 ,
                 seeing
                 your
                 onely
                 good
                 and
                 benefit
                 hath
                 caused
                 all
                 this
                 that
                 hath
                 been
                 said
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 zeal
                 of
                 your
                 wealth
                 and
                 happiness
                 hath
                 drawn
                 all
                 to
                 this
                 length
                 :
              
               
                 Sirs
                 ,
                 you
                 have
                 the
                 faithful
                 testimonies
                 of
                 those
                 aforesaid
                 worthy
                 Gentlemen
                 ,
                 and
                 nothing
                 can
                 be
                 now
                 wanting
                 unto
                 you
                 but
                 putting
                 all
                 in
                 practice
                 ,
                 what
                 they
                 have
                 declared
                 ;
                 and
                 for
                 your
                 good
                 are
                 such
                 invitations
                 and
                 incouragements
                 unto
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 more
                 cannot
                 be
                 wished
                 for
                 .
                 There
                 remains
                 nothing
                 but
                 humble
                 thanks
                 to
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 these
                 Gentlemen
                 your
                 due
                 respects
                 ,
                 whom
                 God
                 hath
                 made
                 such
                 Instruments
                 for
                 your
                 happiness
                 ,
                 hoping
                 their
                 noble
                 courteous
                 examples
                 will
                 allure
                 all
                 other
                 Gentlemen
                 Travellers
                 to
                 cast
                 into
                 this
                 good
                 work
                 some
                 mites
                 of
                 their
                 further
                 knowledges
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 man
                 
                 to
                 contribute
                 his
                 prayers
                 and
                 help
                 to
                 this
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 hopefull
                 designe
                 :
                 seeing
                 the
                 consequence
                 of
                 them
                 may
                 be
                 so
                 good
                 and
                 great
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 to
                 the
                 English
                 Nation
                 at
                 home
                 and
                 abroad
                 ;
                 but
                 to
                 the
                 poor
                 Savages
                 their
                 welfare
                 of
                 souls
                 and
                 bodies
                 ,
                 which
                 God
                 grant
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 An
                 Other
                 Advertisement
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Silk-Trade
                 ,
                 (
                 unlesse
                 we
                 will
                 be
                 deaf
                 to
                 Reason
                 and
                 Experience
                 )
                 cannot
                 be
                 denyed
                 the
                 precedency
                 of
                 all
                 Trades
                 that
                 are
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 a
                 foot
                 ,
                 in
                 either
                 World
                 :
                 And
                 that
                 in
                 regard
                 of
                 its
                 great
                 and
                 certain
                 gain
                 in
                 so
                 small
                 a
                 time
                 ;
                 A
                 man
                 and
                 a
                 Boy
                 being
                 able
                 to
                 tend
                 as
                 many
                 Silk-worms
                 in
                 two
                 Moneths
                 space
                 ,
                 as
                 will
                 yeeld
                 you
                 sixty
                 pounds
                 :
                 
                 which
                 done
                 ,
                 they
                 leave
                 you
                 ten
                 Moneths
                 free
                 for
                 any
                 other
                 imployment
                 .
                 In
                 regard
                 of
                 its
                 small
                 skill
                 ,
                 lesse
                 pains
                 ,
                 care
                 and
                 labour
                 ,
                 no
                 hazard
                 ,
                 no
                 cost
                 or
                 charge
                 ,
                 (
                 more
                 then
                 a
                 twelve-penny
                 Reel
                 )
                 no
                 troublesome
                 tools
                 or
                 Implements
                 :
                 in
                 regard
                 of
                 its
                 incredible
                 ease
                 and
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 as
                 not
                 requiring
                 strength
                 of
                 Body
                 ,
                 of
                 Wit
                 ,
                 of
                 Pur●e
                 ,
                 any
                 stock
                 to
                 begin
                 with
                 ,
                 only
                 hands
                 and
                 eyes
                 to
                 gather
                 leaves
                 and
                 feed
                 the
                 Worms
                 with
                 ,
                 or
                 protect
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 Birds
                 :
                 if
                 kept
                 on
                 the
                 Trees
                 (
                 their
                 natural
                 Mansion
                 :
                 )
                 Admitting
                 of
                 all
                 Ages
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 a
                 Child
                 can
                 do
                 all
                 that
                 belongs
                 to
                 it
                 )
                 all
                 Sexes
                 ,
                 all
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 (
                 a
                 most
                 fit
                 recreation
                 for
                 Ladies
                 ,
                 especially
                 being
                 begun
                 and
                 ended
                 in
                 the
                 two
                 pleasantest
                 Moneths
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 March
                 and
                 April
                 .
                 )
                 And
                 all
                 Callings
                 too
                 ;
                 for
                 if
                 Saint
                 Paul
                 made
                 Tents
                 ,
                 who
                 can
                 plead
                 exemption
                 from
                 tending
                 Silk-worms
                 ?
                 
                 Again
                 ,
                 Silk
                 is
                 lesse
                 chargeable
                 in
                 Ware-House
                 ,
                 Fraight
                 ,
                 &c.
                 then
                 any
                 other
                 Commodity
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 none
                 more
                 durable
                 ,
                 lasting
                 ,
                 neat
                 ,
                 vendible
                 ,
                 nor
                 more
                 easely
                 tran●portable
                 :
                 for
                 Fi●e
                 hundred
                 pounds
                 worth
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 fraights
                 lesse
                 ,
                 and
                 takes
                 up
                 lesse
                 room
                 then
                 ten
                 pounds
                 worth
                 of
                 Tobacco
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 where
                 Worms
                 and
                 Food
                 abound
                 naturally
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 are
                 born
                 with
                 Brains
                 ,
                 the
                 advancement
                 of
                 the
                 Silk
                 Trade
                 must
                 needs
                 be
                 proportionable
                 :
                 upon
                 which
                 double
                 score
                 Virginia
                 hath
                 the
                 advantage
                 of
                 any
                 place
                 in
                 the
                 yet
                 discovered
                 World
                 ;
                 I
                 mean
                 for
                 Worms
                 and
                 Food
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 thus
                 severally
                 demonstrated
                 .
                 Their
                 Worms
                 (
                 partly
                 annually
                 
                 produced
                 by
                 heat
                 and
                 moysture
                 as
                 our
                 Caterpillars
                 and
                 other
                 Insects
                 each
                 Spring
                 ,
                 partly
                 by
                 Eggs
                 which
                 have
                 escaped
                 the
                 Birds
                 who
                 are
                 the
                 greatest
                 cause
                 of
                 their
                 scarsity
                 (
                 which
                 otherwise
                 would
                 swarm
                 over
                 all
                 the
                 Land
                 )
                 devouring
                 them
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 Worms
                 ,
                 Eggs
                 and
                 Bottoms
                 )
                 exceed
                 ours
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 strength
                 ,
                 hardinesse
                 and
                 greatnesse
                 ,
                 (
                 being
                 when
                 Flyes
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 mens
                 Thumbs
                 )
                 but
                 also
                 in
                 the
                 largenesse
                 of
                 their
                 Bottoms
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 Limons
                 ;
                 (
                 for
                 Mr.
                 
                   William
                   Wright
                
                 of
                 Nansamond
                 found
                 of
                 them
                 above
                 seven
                 inches
                 round
                 )
                 and
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 weighs
                 more
                 then
                 a
                 score
                 of
                 ours
                 ;
                 insomuch
                 that
                 whereas
                 a
                 Thousand
                 of
                 our
                 Worms
                 made
                 but
                 one
                 pound
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 worth
                 at
                 most
                 here
                 30s
                 .
                 a
                 pound
                 ,
                 a
                 thousand
                 of
                 their
                 natural
                 Worms
                 will
                 make
                 ten
                 pounds
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 worth
                 here
                 twenty
                 shillings
                 the
                 pound
                 .
                 And
                 certainly
                 they
                 need
                 not
                 object
                 or
                 be
                 troubled
                 at
                 the
                 somewhat
                 more
                 coursnesse
                 of
                 their
                 Silk
                 ,
                 since
                 they
                 from
                 the
                 same
                 number
                 of
                 Worms
                 receive
                 ten
                 pounds
                 in
                 mony
                 for
                 our
                 thirty
                 shillings
                 .
              
               
                 As
                 for
                 their
                 Food
                 ,
                 the
                 Virginia
                 Worms
                 feed
                 not
                 only
                 on
                 the
                 Mulberry
                 (
                 their
                 sole
                 food
                 in
                 all
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 )
                 but
                 also
                 on
                 the
                 Crab
                 ,
                 Plum
                 ,
                 Poplar
                 ;
                 Oake
                 ,
                 Apple
                 ,
                 Cherry
                 and
                 Pohickerry-tree
                 leaves
                 ,
                 with
                 sundry
                 other
                 shrubs
                 and
                 bushēs
                 .
                 For
                 proof
                 whereof
                 ,
                 Mistresse
                 
                   Mary
                   Ward
                
                 sent
                 over
                 to
                 her
                 Couzen
                 ten
                 bottoms
                 taken
                 from
                 Apple
                 trees
                 .
                 Esquire
                 Ferrar
                 her
                 Kinsman
                 likewise
                 sent
                 her
                 ten
                 more
                 ,
                 pulled
                 off
                 from
                 Oaks
                 and
                 divers
                 shrubs
                 .
                 Mr
                 
                   Laurence
                   Ward
                
                 some
                 taken
                 from
                 the
                 Pohickerry
                 tree
                 ,
                 Mr
                 Wright
                 from
                 the
                 Cherry
                 tree
                 .
                 So
                 Dr.
                 Russel
                 and
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Objection
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 groundlesse
                 surmise
                 of
                 the
                 Worms
                 being
                 hurt
                 by
                 Thunder
                 in
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 is
                 sufficiently
                 cleared
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 by
                 the
                 Natural
                 Worms
                 living
                 so
                 well
                 ,
                 and
                 thriving
                 there
                 so
                 admirably
                 on
                 the
                 trees
                 ;
                 but
                 also
                 by
                 trial
                 made
                 there
                 this
                 Spring
                 of
                 our
                 Worms
                 .
                 That
                 ever
                 to
                 be
                 honoured
                 Noble
                 Squire
                 Diggs
                 having
                 (
                 at
                 his
                 very
                 great
                 charge
                 )
                 sent
                 for
                 two
                 Armenians
                 out
                 of
                 Turky
                 skilful
                 men
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 ten
                 pound
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 which
                 had
                 not
                 want
                 of
                 Eggs
                 hindred
                 him
                 ,
                 would
                 have
                 been
                 so
                 many
                 Thousand
                 pounds
                 .
              
               
                 Nothing
                 then
                 wants
                 to
                 make
                 Virginia
                 rival
                 Peru
                 for
                 wealth
                 ,
                 more
                 then
                 to
                 perswade
                 the
                 Planters
                 to
                 provide
                 themselves
                 this
                 
                 Winter
                 (
                 to
                 lose
                 no
                 more
                 time
                 )
                 of
                 as
                 many
                 of
                 the
                 Natural
                 Worms
                 bottoms
                 as
                 possibly
                 they
                 can
                 .
                 They
                 will
                 now
                 be
                 found
                 in
                 the
                 Woods
                 on
                 the
                 dis-leaved
                 trees
                 ,
                 though
                 most
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 spun
                 by
                 the
                 Worms
                 on
                 the
                 tree
                 leaves
                 ,
                 which
                 falling
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 they
                 perish
                 with
                 them
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 is
                 another
                 great
                 cause
                 that
                 so
                 few
                 bottoms
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 .
                 The
                 Bottoms
                 thus
                 gotten
                 must
                 be
                 carefully
                 kept
                 in
                 some
                 long
                 boxes
                 till
                 the
                 Flyes
                 come
                 forth
                 ,
                 happily
                 in
                 February
                 or
                 March.
                 For
                 they
                 remain
                 in
                 their
                 bottoms
                 300.
                 dayes
                 ,
                 ours
                 but
                 20.
                 so
                 that
                 their
                 Eggs
                 (
                 whereof
                 one
                 female
                 will
                 lay
                 a
                 spoonfull
                 ,
                 suppose
                 500.
                 )
                 lye
                 unhatched
                 but
                 about
                 nine
                 dayes
                 ,
                 ours
                 nine
                 moneths
                 .
              
               
                 When
                 your
                 Worms
                 are
                 hatched
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 keep
                 them
                 either
                 on
                 the
                 trees
                 (
                 being
                 assured
                 that
                 they
                 will
                 live
                 on
                 that
                 kind
                 of
                 Tree
                 whatsoever
                 it
                 be
                 from
                 whence
                 you
                 took
                 your
                 Bottoms
                 )
                 and
                 then
                 you
                 shall
                 need
                 onely
                 to
                 protect
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 Birds
                 ;
                 or
                 else
                 in
                 some
                 slight
                 kind
                 of
                 housing
                 ,
                 Reedy
                 arbors
                 ,
                 Indian
                 mansions
                 ,
                 or
                 what
                 else
                 you
                 can
                 devise
                 there
                 cheapest
                 and
                 speediest
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 your
                 onely
                 labour
                 and
                 care
                 is
                 to
                 give
                 them
                 leaves
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 either
                 strip
                 off
                 ,
                 or
                 clip
                 from
                 off
                 your
                 Trees
                 ,
                 or
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 ,
                 lop
                 off
                 little
                 branches
                 (
                 which
                 may
                 perhaps
                 prove
                 a
                 good
                 way
                 for
                 you
                 :
                 for
                 thereby
                 the
                 leaves
                 will
                 remain
                 the
                 longer
                 fresh
                 )
                 and
                 give
                 them
                 to
                 your
                 Worms
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 the
                 labour
                 of
                 every
                 Man
                 and
                 Boy
                 thus
                 inployed
                 only
                 in
                 two
                 moneths
                 time
                 ,
                 will
                 repay
                 you
                 with
                 three●core
                 pounds
                 worth
                 of
                 Silk
                 .
              
               
                 Your
                 own
                 Experience
                 (
                 Gentlemen
                 )
                 will
                 I
                 hope
                 ere
                 this
                 time
                 twelv-moneth
                 certifie
                 you
                 of
                 the
                 truth
                 that
                 is
                 here
                 set
                 down
                 ,
                 unlesse
                 you
                 shall
                 rather
                 chuse
                 to
                 hugg
                 your
                 own
                 poverty
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 much
                 of
                 that
                 slavery
                 and
                 drudgery
                 you
                 wear
                 out
                 your selves
                 with
                 ,
                 in
                 toyling
                 about
                 that
                 contemptible
                 ,
                 beggarly
                 Indian
                 Weed
                 ,
              
               
                 TOBACCO
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Copy
                 of
                 Esquire
                 Diggs
                 his
                 Letter
                 ,
                 to
                 his
                 much
                 honoured
                 freind
                 ,
                 
                   Iohn
                   Ferrar
                
                 ,
                 Esquire
                 at
                 his
                 house
                 at
                 little
                 Gidding
                 ,
                 in
                 Huntingtonshire
                 .
                 From
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 June
                 21.
                 1654.
                 
              
               
                 Sir
                 ,
              
               
                 I
                 Have
                 received
                 your
                 many
                 and
                 severall
                 Letters
                 ,
                 printed
                 papers
                 ,
                 and
                 Quaeries
                 ;
                 and
                 ,
                 would
                 my
                 occasions
                 have
                 permitted
                 ,
                 I
                 should
                 ere
                 this
                 ,
                 have
                 given
                 you
                 that
                 due
                 thanks
                 you
                 deserve
                 ,
                 and
                 punctually
                 have
                 answered
                 all
                 your
                 judicious
                 and
                 pleasing
                 Quaeries
                 :
                 But
                 I
                 was
                 so
                 taken
                 up
                 in
                 sending
                 dayly
                 for
                 Mulberry-leaves
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 now
                 so
                 far
                 scattered
                 from
                 my
                 present
                 Plantation
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 possibly
                 answer
                 you
                 expectations
                 ;
                 That
                 onely
                 difficulty
                 made
                 me
                 to
                 make
                 but
                 400.
                 pound
                 weight
                 of
                 Silk-bottomes
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 caused
                 to
                 be
                 wound
                 of
                 7.
                 or
                 8.
                 l.
                 of
                 Silke
                 in
                 a
                 day
                 :
                 Sir
                 ,
                 I
                 doe
                 very
                 well
                 approve
                 of
                 your
                 last
                 well
                 printed
                 Paper
                 ,
                 sent
                 the
                 Colony
                 for
                 making
                 triall
                 of
                 the
                 Naturall
                 Silk-worme
                 ,
                 but
                 such
                 was
                 my
                 ill
                 happe
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 this
                 spring
                 meet
                 with
                 any
                 of
                 those
                 Bottoms
                 ,
                 but
                 shall
                 this
                 next
                 Winter
                 procure
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 all
                 I
                 can
                 ;
                 Sir
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 now
                 confident
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 conquered
                 all
                 the
                 great
                 feared
                 difficulty
                 of
                 this
                 rich
                 commodity
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 its
                 sweet
                 easy
                 and
                 speedy
                 Profitt
                 so
                 evident
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 Virginians
                 (
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 doth
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 hinder
                 their
                 too
                 much
                 beloved
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 proceed
                 with
                 both
                 together
                 )
                 that
                 now
                 I
                 doubt
                 not
                 (
                 nor
                 they
                 )
                 but
                 that
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 here
                 will
                 be
                 great
                 quantities
                 made
                 of
                 Silke
                 ;
                 you
                 in
                 England
                 will
                 reape
                 much
                 advantage
                 ,
                 and
                 gaine
                 many
                 waies
                 by
                 it
                 ,
                 (
                 more
                 then
                 most
                 men
                 can
                 pet
                 see
                 )
                 and
                 I
                 by
                 Gods
                 blessing
                 the
                 comfort
                 and
                 joy
                 ,
                 in
                 setting
                 up
                 so
                 noble
                 ,
                 so
                 beneficiall
                 ,
                 a
                 staple
                 vendible
                 commodity
                 .
                 My
                 people
                 differ
                 very
                 little
                 from
                 the
                 rules
                 set
                 down
                 in
                 your
                 ,
                 Mr.
                 Williams
                 his
                 Booke
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 Esquire
                 
                   Samuell
                   Hartlib
                
                 hath
                 also
                 directed
                 in
                 his
                 advertizement
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 unto
                 us
                 ;
                 only
                 in
                 the
                 hatching
                 of
                 the
                 Worms-Eggs
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 more
                 curious
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 have
                 more
                 time
                 ,
                 give
                 you
                 a
                 more
                 particular
                 accompt
                 :
                 I
                 made
                 10.
                 l.
                 of
                 seed
                 or
                 Eggs
                 this
                 spring
                 to
                 give
                 away
                 to
                 diverse
                 Planters
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 very
                 earnest
                 ,
                 (
                 seeing
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 benefit
                 before
                 their
                 eyes
                 )
                 to
                 become
                 also
                 Silk-masters
                 ,
                 you
                 need
                 not
                 feare
                 it
                 but
                 that
                 this
                 next
                 spring
                 there
                 will
                 be
                 divers
                 tryalls
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 hopefull
                 Naturall
                 Worms
                 ,
                 that
                 you
                 so
                 highly
                 prize
                 (
                 and
                 not
                 without
                 good
                 cause
                 )
                 and
                 which
                 is
                 more
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 they
                 may
                 fall
                 one
                 after
                 another
                 
                 and
                 be
                 re-hatched
                 that
                 we
                 may
                 have
                 a
                 double
                 Silk
                 harvest
                 ●n
                 one
                 summer
                 (
                 as
                 you
                 have
                 formerly
                 hinted
                 to
                 us
                 )
                 .
                 Pray
                 Sir
                 will
                 you
                 be
                 pleased
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 to
                 excuse
                 my
                 too
                 much
                 brevity
                 in
                 this
                 great
                 business
                 of
                 so
                 much
                 concernment
                 ,
                 of
                 so
                 much
                 happiness
                 to
                 this
                 Country
                 ,
                 and
                 attribute
                 it
                 to
                 my
                 great
                 hast
                 ,
                 and
                 much
                 business
                 upon
                 the
                 ships
                 sudden
                 departure
                 ,
                 having
                 many
                 more
                 dispatches
                 to
                 make
                 to
                 Freinds
                 ;
                 But
                 in
                 my
                 next
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 make
                 you
                 double
                 amends
                 ;
                 I
                 pray
                 present
                 my
                 service
                 to
                 the
                 vertuous
                 Lady
                 Virginia
                 :
                 Sir
                 I
                 daily
                 pray
                 for
                 your
                 long
                 life
                 ,
                 and
                 well-fare
                 ,
                 and
                 now
                 rest
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Sir
                   your
                   most
                   humble
                   Servant
                   ,
                
                 
                   Edward
                   Diggs
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 Way
                 Experimented
                 by
                 Mr.
                 Farrar
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 Gummy-hard
                 Naturall
                 Virginia
                 Bottoms
                 (
                 which
                 hetherto
                 by
                 no
                 art
                 could
                 be
                 be
                 prepared
                 to
                 unwind
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 Gummy
                 hardness
                 )
                 to
                 unwinde
                 with
                 ease
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 great
                 advantage
                 of
                 the
                 Planters
                 of
                 the
                 Silk-trade
                 in
                 Virginia
                 .
              
               
                 YOu
                 must
                 take
                 Sope-boylers
                 lye
                 or
                 liquor
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 very
                 sharp
                 and
                 strong
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 that
                 in
                 a
                 vessel
                 over
                 the
                 fire
                 till
                 it
                 be
                 warme
                 ,
                 then
                 put
                 in
                 as
                 many
                 of
                 your
                 hard
                 gummy
                 Bottoms
                 as
                 you
                 please
                 ,
                 and
                 let
                 them
                 rest
                 in
                 that
                 liquor
                 ,
                 till
                 it
                 be
                 scalding-hot
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 remain
                 half
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 houre
                 more
                 or
                 less
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 be
                 so
                 dissolved
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 out
                 one
                 and
                 find
                 it
                 fit
                 to
                 unwind
                 ;
                 which
                 you
                 must
                 thus
                 doe
                 .
              
               
                 First
                 put
                 the
                 Bottoms
                 into
                 scalding
                 clean
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 layen
                 a
                 while
                 therein
                 ,
                 then
                 take
                 them
                 out
                 and
                 proceed
                 to
                 unwind
                 them
                 as
                 the
                 custome
                 is
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 case
                 Sope-boylers
                 lye
                 or
                 liquor
                 be
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 had
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 make
                 a
                 strong
                 liquor
                 of
                 the
                 Ashes
                 of
                 any
                 Wood
                 ,
                 with
                 boyling
                 water
                 ,
                 the
                 stronger
                 the
                 better
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 may
                 and
                 will
                 also
                 perform
                 the
                 work
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 is
                 just
                 as
                 you
                 make
                 a
                 lye
                 to
                 buck
                 clothes
                 withal
                 .
                 Only
                 note
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 very
                 strong
                 made
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 An
                 Extract
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 very
                 Ingenious
                 Gentlemans
                 Letter
                 from
                 Dublin
                 ,
                 Concerning
                 the
                 Reformed
                 Virginian
                 Silk-worm
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Thank
                 you
                 for
                 your
                 Virginian
                 Paper
                 .
                 Me
                 thinkes
                 the
                 Experiment
                 is
                 most
                 Natnral
                 to
                 my
                 apprehensions
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Worms
                 should
                 feed
                 and
                 thrive
                 best
                 upon
                 the
                 leaves
                 growing
                 on
                 the
                 Trees
                 ,
                 rather
                 then
                 in
                 the
                 Houses
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 they
                 ,
                 like
                 other
                 Caterpillers
                 (
                 of
                 whom
                 these
                 are
                 a
                 sort
                 )
                 did
                 at
                 first
                 breed
                 so
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 Houses
                 were
                 rather
                 an
                 Invention
                 for
                 expediency
                 ,
              
               
                 But
                 their
                 Proposition
                 about
                 Money
                 to
                 be
                 carried
                 to
                 Virginia
                 .
                 I
                 utterly
                 dislike
                 ;
                 even
                 somuch
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 possible
                 ,
                 I
                 would
                 banish
                 Money
                 from
                 Ireland
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 An
                 Animadversion
                 upon
                 the
                 Letter
                 from
                 Dublin
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 like
                 not
                 the
                 Gentlemans
                 Reason
                 why
                 he
                 likes
                 the
                 Proposition
                 concerning
                 feeding
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 upon
                 the
                 Trees
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 almost
                 all
                 Plants
                 ,
                 even
                 the
                 most
                 rare
                 now
                 in
                 use
                 were
                 Originally
                 (
                 namely
                 since
                 the
                 deluge
                 )
                 wild
                 and
                 past
                 muster
                 amongst
                 Weeds
                 ,
                 &
                 are
                 improved
                 to
                 such
                 a
                 degree
                 of
                 excellency
                 to
                 the
                 eye
                 ,
                 nose
                 or
                 palat
                 ,
                 by
                 industry
                 and
                 home-helps
                 and
                 contrivances
                 :
                 So
                 
                   Iohn
                   Tradeskin
                
                 by
                 Lambeth
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 advantage
                 of
                 putting
                 his
                 Trees
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Plants
                 into
                 a
                 warm
                 house
                 in
                 winter
                 or
                 a
                 stow
                 ,
                 nurses
                 up
                 those
                 things
                 faire
                 and
                 fragrant
                 ,
                 which
                 would
                 without
                 that
                 help
                 either
                 dye
                 or
                 be
                 dwarft
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 the
                 reason
                 why
                 tame
                 Pigeons
                 or
                 Conies
                 are
                 larger
                 ,
                 and
                 breed
                 better
                 ,
                 and
                 oftner
                 then
                 wild
                 .
                 Yet
                 I
                 conclude
                 not
                 against
                 the
                 thing
                 it self
                 ;
                 for
                 questionles
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 leaves
                 have
                 more
                 heart
                 ,
                 fresh
                 and
                 greene
                 ,
                 then
                 halfe
                 withered
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 cau●e
                 of
                 their
                 withering
                 were
                 known
                 or
                 considered
                 ,
                 But
                 I
                 can
                 say
                 little
                 to
                 this
                 ,
                 as
                 having
                 no
                 experience
                 ,
              
            
             
               
                 A
                 new
                 observation
                 ,
                 concerning
                 the
                 feeding
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 with
                 Lettice
                 ,
                 imparted
                 from
                 Dublin
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 Have
                 only
                 to
                 present
                 you
                 with
                 some
                 observations
                 I
                 made
                 concerning
                 the
                 feeding
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 (
                 meeting
                 here
                 accidentally
                 
                 with
                 a
                 kinswoman
                 of
                 mine
                 that
                 keepes
                 great
                 store
                 o●
                 them
                 )
                 whieh
                 geuerally
                 is
                 beleeved
                 only
                 to
                 be
                 don
                 ,
                 with
                 Mulberry
                 leaves
                 :
                 the
                 contrary
                 of
                 which
                 is
                 here
                 by
                 some
                 praectised
                 .
                 viz.
                 to
                 feede
                 them
                 with
                 Lettice
                 ;
                 which
                 the
                 worms
                 eat
                 very
                 readily
                 ,
                 grow
                 as
                 those
                 big
                 as
                 that
                 are
                 fed
                 with
                 Mulberry
                 leaves
                 &
                 spin
                 as
                 much
                 Silk
                 :
                 They
                 wil
                 also
                 eate
                 the
                 hearb
                 called
                 Dantedelyon
                 ,
                 but
                 whether
                 that
                 will
                 so
                 well
                 agree
                 with
                 them
                 as
                 
                   Lettice
                   ,
                   I
                
                 have
                 not
                 tried
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 Lettice
                 they
                 will
                 thrive
                 very
                 well
                 ,
                 eating
                 nothing
                 else
                 all
                 the
                 yeare
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 More
                 Observations
                 concerning
                 the
                 feeding
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 with
                 Lettice
                 ,
              
               
                 SIR
                 ,
              
               
                 MY
                 good
                 Cosen
                 Mr.
                 W.
                 sent
                 me
                 the
                 letter
                 ,
                 you
                 wrote
                 to
                 him
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 note
                 sent
                 you
                 out
                 of
                 Ireland
                 ,
                 that
                 intimated
                 the
                 happy
                 success
                 the
                 Gentlewoman
                 had
                 then
                 in
                 keeping
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 on
                 the
                 Mulberry-tree-leaves
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 Lettice
                 leaves
                 ,
                 the
                 thing
                 you
                 much
                 desired
                 that
                 my
                 Daughter
                 should
                 have
                 made
                 known
                 unto
                 her
                 .
                 Truly
                 Sir
                 your
                 singular
                 humanity
                 and
                 goodness
                 in
                 all
                 things
                 more
                 and
                 more
                 extends
                 it selfe
                 for
                 the
                 publique
                 benefit
                 of
                 all
                 ,
                 and
                 I
                 see
                 to
                 the
                 particular
                 satisfaction
                 of
                 your
                 Freinds
                 ,
                 though
                 Strangers
                 to
                 you
                 yet
                 those
                 that
                 have
                 daly
                 cause
                 more
                 and
                 more
                 to
                 honour
                 you
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 justly
                 do
                 .
                 Sir
                 ,
                 this
                 your
                 favour
                 is
                 both
                 by
                 my-self
                 and
                 Daughter
                 so
                 much
                 resented
                 as
                 it
                 requires
                 from
                 us
                 ,
                 very
                 hearty
                 and
                 particular
                 thanks
                 to
                 be
                 tendered
                 to
                 your
                 worth
                 .
                 She
                 is
                 a
                 lover
                 of
                 Rarities
                 in
                 these
                 kinds
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 try
                 conclusions
                 upon
                 her
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 way
                 envious
                 ,
                 but
                 much
                 rejoyces
                 to
                 heare
                 that
                 any
                 have
                 had
                 that
                 good
                 success
                 with
                 Lettis
                 as
                 you
                 write
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 shall
                 her-self
                 againe
                 make
                 a
                 third
                 triall
                 in
                 that
                 kind
                 ,
                 for
                 she
                 hath
                 2.
                 yeares
                 last
                 past
                 tryed
                 her-self
                 to
                 have
                 kept
                 some
                 with
                 Lettice
                 leavs
                 &
                 so
                 did
                 &
                 they
                 thrivd
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 they
                 kept
                 with
                 Mulberrys
                 ,
                 but
                 stil
                 when
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 spinning
                 came
                 they
                 would
                 not
                 spin
                 ,
                 but
                 then
                 dyed
                 and
                 this
                 put
                 her
                 out
                 of
                 heart
                 to
                 try
                 further
                 ,
                 yet
                 I
                 may
                 tell
                 you
                 ,
                 she
                 perswaded
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 near
                 her
                 to
                 keep
                 some
                 with
                 Lettice
                 25.
                 daies
                 and
                 then
                 fed
                 them
                 with
                 Mulberrys
                 at
                 last
                 ,
                 and
                 these
                 did
                 very
                 well
                 and
                 spun
                 as
                 good
                 Bottoms
                 as
                 those
                 wholly
                 kept
                 with
                 Mulberry
                 
                 leaves
                 .
                 But
                 now
                 she
                 resolves
                 upon
                 your
                 intimation
                 of
                 the
                 experiment
                 made
                 in
                 Ireland
                 to
                 try
                 a
                 third
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 give
                 you
                 an
                 accompt
                 of
                 her
                 success
                 in
                 Iune
                 next
                 ,
                 if
                 God
                 permit
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 Sir
                 she
                 presents
                 this
                 printed
                 inclosed
                 paper
                 to
                 your
                 worthy
                 judgment
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 find
                 not
                 it
                 matter
                 of
                 consideration
                 and
                 reason
                 for
                 her
                 to
                 send
                 it
                 as
                 a
                 second
                 new
                 yeares
                 gift
                 to
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 hoping
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 do
                 good
                 there
                 to
                 the
                 Planters
                 and
                 informe
                 them
                 of
                 much
                 truth
                 ;
                 and
                 invite
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 business
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 which
                 God
                 grant
                 ;
                 Amen
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 other
                 paper
                 of
                 Ryming
                 lines
                 (
                 for
                 Verses
                 they
                 deserve
                 not
                 the
                 name
                 )
                 yet
                 being
                 that
                 what
                 her
                 Brother
                 a
                 young
                 Scholar
                 hath
                 collected
                 out
                 of
                 Letters
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 sent
                 her
                 from
                 Virginia
                 and
                 given
                 her
                 ,
                 she
                 also
                 sends
                 you
                 to
                 further
                 informe
                 you
                 of
                 things
                 done
                 ,
                 last
                 spring
                 .
              
               
                 Thus
                 worthy
                 ,
                 Sir
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 due
                 respects
                 of
                 both
                 our
                 kindest
                 salutes
                 ,
                 wishing
                 you
                 all
                 happiness
                 in
                 this
                 and
                 the
                 better
                 world
                 ,
                 I
                 rest
                 ever
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Yours
                   in
                   all
                   love
                   and
                   service
                   IOHN
                   FERRAR
                   .
                
                 
                   Littell
                   
                     Gidding
                     Hunting
                     shire
                  
                   
                     this
                     28.
                     
                     Novemb.
                     1653.
                     
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   
                     SIR
                     ,
                  
                
                 
                   She
                   makes
                   bold
                   to
                   present
                   you
                   with
                   a
                   sample
                   of
                   Virginia
                   Silk-grass
                   sent
                   her
                   by
                   a
                   freind
                   .
                   It
                   's
                   a
                   rarity
                   ,
                   and
                   she
                   hopes
                   will
                   delight
                   you
                   who
                   have
                   such
                   a
                   publique
                   Spirit
                   to
                   rejoyce
                   ,
                   and
                   further
                   a
                   Common
                   good
                   ;
                   as
                   she
                   hath
                   great
                   hopes
                   this
                   will
                   prove
                   a
                   commodity
                   next
                   to
                   the
                   Silk
                   there
                   ,
                   as
                   skilfull
                   men
                   and
                   Artists
                   do
                   assure
                   her
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   thousands
                   of
                   poor
                   people
                   will
                   be
                   set
                   a
                   work
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   if
                   it
                   prove
                   there
                   to
                   be
                   in
                   quantity
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Upon
                 the
                 most
                 Noble
                 ,
                 Virginian
                 natural
                 Silk-Worm
                 her
                 wonderful
                 ,
                 various
                 ,
                 plentiful
                 food
                 ;
                 The
                 infinite
                 ,
                 speedy
                 ,
                 great
                 wealth
                 she
                 will
                 produce
                 to
                 her
                 protector
                 ;
                 (
                 in
                 45.
                 days
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 her
                 feeding
                 )
                 with
                 small
                 labour
                 ,
                 cost
                 ,
                 or
                 skill
                 ,
                 (
                 learnt
                 in
                 an
                 houres
                 space
                 by
                 any
                 child
                 .
                 )
                 The
                 singular
                 aptness
                 of
                 that
                 rare
                 Superlative
                 Climate
                 ,
                 in
                 Breeding
                 them
                 on
                 so
                 many
                 several
                 kinds
                 of
                 Trees
                 in
                 her
                 Woods
                 where
                 they
                 live●
                 Feed
                 and
                 Spin
                 ,
                 their
                 mighty
                 large
                 ,
                 strange
                 ,
                 double-bottoms
                 of
                 Silk
                 :
                 To
                 the
                 admiration
                 of
                 this
                 our
                 Old
                 World
                 ;
                 but
                 to
                 the
                 exaltation
                 and
                 glory
                 of
                 incomparable
                 Virginia
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 New.
                 
              
               
                 WHere
                 Wormes
                 and
                 Food
                 doe
                 naturally
                 abound
                 ,
              
               
                 A
                 Gallant
                 Silken
                 Trade
                 must
                 there
                 be
                 found
                 :
              
               
                 Virginia
                 excells
                 the
                 World
                 in
                 both
                 ,
              
               
                 Envie
                 nor
                 Malice
                 can
                 gaine
                 say
                 this
                 troth
                 .
              
               
                 Many
                 a
                 man
                 the
                 causes
                 faine
                 would
                 heare
                 ,
              
               
                 How
                 these
                 rare
                 Worms
                 came
                 first
                 or
                 still
                 come
                 there
                 .
              
               
                 Insects
                 produced
                 are
                 by
                 heat
                 and
                 moisture
              
               
                 Who
                 in
                 strange
                 shapes
                 and
                 formes
                 do
                 oft
                 appeare
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Spring
                 our
                 trees
                 the
                 Caterpillers
                 reare
                 ;
              
               
                 Their
                 trees
                 likewise
                 these
                 noble
                 creatures
                 beare
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 some
                 proceed
                 from
                 eggs
                 that
                 scaped
                 are
              
               
                 From
                 their
                 enemies
                 sight
                 ,
                 which
                 thing
                 is
                 rare
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 feed
                 not
                 only
                 on
                 the
                 Mulberry
              
               
                 Which
                 in
                 our
                 World
                 sole
                 food
                 is
                 held
                 to
                 be
              
               
               
                 For
                 all
                 such
                 precious
                 Worms
                 of
                 that
                 degree
                 :
              
               
                 But
                 Popler
                 ,
                 Plum
                 ,
                 Crab
                 ,
                 Oake
                 ,
                 and
                 Apple
                 tree
                 ,
              
               
                 Yea
                 Cherry
                 ,
                 and
                 tree
                 called
                 Pohickery
                 :
              
               
                 So
                 on
                 the
                 Shrubs
                 and
                 Bushes
                 feed
                 full
                 many
              
               
                 Her
                 Worms
                 are
                 huge
                 whose
                 bottoms
                 dare
              
               
                 With
                 Lemmons
                 of
                 the
                 largest
                 size
                 compare
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 twenty
                 one
                 of
                 ours
                 will
                 sure
                 poize
                 less
              
               
                 Then
                 one
                 of
                 theirs
                 for
                 weight
                 and
                 ponderousness
                 .
              
               
                 Master
                 
                   William
                   Wright
                
                 of
                 Nansamound
              
               
                 Found
                 Bottoms
                 above
                 seven
                 Inches
                 round
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 though
                 the
                 Silk
                 prove
                 not
                 all
                 out
                 so
                 fine
              
               
                 As
                 Persian
                 ,
                 that
                 's
                 no
                 let
                 to
                 the
                 designe
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 since
                 a
                 thousand
                 of
                 our
                 Bottoms
                 make
              
               
                 But
                 one
                 pound
                 of
                 fine
                 Silk
                 ,
                 you
                 'l
                 ten
                 pounds
                 take
              
               
                 From
                 theirs
                 .
                 If
                 we
                 at
                 Thirty
                 shillings
                 sell
              
               
                 Our
                 pound
                 ,
                 for
                 twenty
                 they
                 'l
                 afford
                 theirs
                 well
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 paines
                 that
                 's
                 taken
                 is
                 alike
                 in
                 either
              
               
                 But
                 the
                 gaines
                 by
                 theirs
                 eight
                 times
                 greater
                 :
              
               
                 Then
                 ,
                 we
                 confined
                 are
                 to
                 the
                 Mulberry
              
               
                 For
                 food
                 ,
                 their
                 Worms
                 have
                 great
                 Variety
                 .
              
               
                 Her
                 dainty
                 coloured
                 flies
                 and
                 large
                 Worms
              
               
                 In
                 length
                 and
                 bigness
                 do
                 surpass
                 mens
                 Thumbs
                 .
              
               
                 Whereas
                 ours
                 short
                 of
                 little
                 fingers
                 come
                 .
              
               
                 Our
                 flies
                 come
                 out
                 in
                 twenty
                 days
                 and
                 lay
              
               
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 their
                 's
                 not
                 still
                 three
                 hundred
                 as
                 they
                 say
              
               
                 O
                 wondrous
                 thing
                 !
                 a
                 Worm
                 to
                 fast
                 so
                 long
              
               
                 And
                 then
                 come
                 out
                 a
                 painted
                 Fly
                 so
                 strong
                 .
              
               
                 Nine
                 mouths
                 full
                 out
                 our
                 eggs
                 unhatch't
                 remaine
              
               
                 Nine
                 daies
                 in
                 Spring
                 makes
                 theirs
                 revive
                 againe
              
               
                 A
                 Planter
                 (
                 I
                 wish
                 they
                 had
                 him
                 named
                 )
              
               
                 A
                 spoonfull
                 eggs
                 from
                 one
                 fly
                 he
                 gained
              
               
                 Which
                 to
                 five
                 hundred
                 at
                 least
                 amounted
              
               
                 Loe
                 shortly
                 endless
                 they
                 must
                 be
                 counted
                 .
              
               
               
                 In
                 March
                 they
                 first
                 begin
                 to
                 live
                 and
                 feed
              
               
                 In
                 Aprill
                 they
                 have
                 done
                 the
                 Silken
                 deed
              
               
                 The
                 sweetest
                 ,
                 pleasantst
                 time
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 yeare
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 to
                 this
                 Wealth
                 the
                 chanting
                 Birds
                 will
                 cheare
              
               
                 And
                 ten
                 moneths
                 time
                 they
                 leave
                 you
                 with
                 great
                 ease
              
               
                 To
                 spend
                 it
                 in
                 what
                 profit
                 you
                 shall
                 please
                 .
              
               
                 Rare
                 Worms
                 who
                 feeding
                 five
                 and
                 forty
                 daies
              
               
                 On
                 leaves
                 of
                 sundry
                 Plants
                 and
                 shrubs
                 repaies
              
               
                 Their
                 keepers
                 with
                 fine
                 Silke
                 which
                 wants
                 no
                 strength
              
               
                 And
                 yet
                 extends
                 it selfe
                 some
                 miles
                 in
                 lenght
              
               
                 And
                 for
                 the
                 labour
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 and
                 Boy
              
               
                 They
                 gaine
                 you
                 Sixty
                 pounds
                 which
                 is
                 no
                 toy
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 you
                 from
                 Birds
                 protect
                 them
                 on
                 the
                 trees
              
               
                 (
                 Their
                 naturall
                 mansions
                 )
                 t'
                 will
                 them
                 best
                 please
              
               
                 Your
                 paines
                 is
                 spar'd
                 in
                 giving
                 them
                 the
                 leaves
              
               
                 By
                 which
                 alone
                 you
                 gaine
                 their
                 Silken
                 sleaves
              
               
                 For
                 non-parrel
                 Virginia
                 in
                 her
                 Woods
                 ,
              
               
                 Brings
                 forth
                 as
                 all
                 men
                 know
                 these
                 precious
                 goods
                 :
              
               
                 Where
                 thousand
                 fleeces
                 fit
                 for
                 Princes
                 Robes
              
               
                 On
                 Virgin-trees
                 shall
                 hang
                 in
                 Silken
                 Globes
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 noble
                 Worm
                 so
                 hardy
                 ,
                 strong
                 and
                 stout
              
               
                 No
                 weather
                 ill
                 is
                 able
                 them
                 to
                 rout
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 reasons
                 why
                 the
                 numbers
                 are
                 so
                 small
              
               
                 Less
                 Cruell
                 Birds
                 devoure
                 most
                 of
                 them
                 all
              
               
                 When
                 they
                 are
                 Worms
                 yea
                 Eggs
                 or
                 Silken
                 ball
                 .
              
               
                 Most
                 bottoms
                 likewise
                 on
                 the
                 leaves
                 are
                 spun
              
               
                 Both
                 falling
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 do
                 perish
                 soon
              
               
                 Those
                 only
                 found
                 that
                 spun
                 are
                 on
                 the
                 branch
              
               
                 Not
                 by
                 their
                 care
                 but
                 providentiall
                 chance
              
               
                 Which
                 only
                 show
                 themselves
                 when
                 all
                 is
                 bare
              
               
                 To
                 Find
                 in
                 Summer
                 any'tis
                 most
                 rare
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 to
                 prevent
                 both
                 dangers
                 you
                 intend
              
               
                 A
                 Reedy-Arbourwell
                 will
                 doe
                 't
                 ,
                 you
                 'l
                 find
              
               
               
                 Or
                 slightest
                 coverture
                 in
                 any
                 kind
              
               
                 The
                 skill
                 and
                 paines
                 to
                 all
                 each
                 Child
                 can
                 do
                 :
              
               
                 As
                 you
                 shall
                 find
                 on
                 triall
                 t
                 is
                 most
                 true
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 may
                 in
                 Wealth
                 compare
                 with
                 rich
                 Peru.
              
               
                 And
                 sor
                 all
                 Tooles
                 that
                 appertaine
                 thereto
              
               
                 A
                 Twelve-peny
                 Reele
                 is
                 all
                 it
                 will
                 cost
                 you
                 ,
              
               
                 No
                 wit
                 ,
                 no
                 strength
                 ,
                 no
                 purse
                 ,
                 no
                 stock
                 will
                 need
              
               
                 But
                 Eies
                 and
                 hands
                 ,
                 the
                 Worms
                 to
                 guard
                 and
                 feed
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 thus
                 you
                 see
                 done
                 is
                 the
                 Silken
                 deed
                 :
              
               
                 Which
                 brings
                 you
                 so
                 great
                 wealth
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 speed
                 .
              
               
                 Five
                 hundred
                 pounds
                 worth
                 of
                 rich
                 Silk
                 ,
                 all
                 know
              
               
                 Fraights
                 less
                 then
                 ten
                 pounds
                 in
                 poore
                 Tobacco
              
               
                 Silkes
                 are
                 no
                 trash
                 ,
                 no
                 toy
                 ,
                 nor
                 Pedlars
                 ware
                 ;
              
               
                 Staple
                 ,
                 good
                 ,
                 and
                 ready
                 chinke
                 every
                 where
                 .
              
               
                 Twenty
                 shillings
                 a
                 pound
                 t'
                 will
                 yield
                 you
                 cleare
              
               
                 And
                 Ships
                 to
                 fetch
                 it
                 will
                 come
                 flying
                 there
                 .
              
               
                 Queenes
                 of
                 the
                 best
                 edition
                 need
                 not
                 scorne
              
               
                 In
                 her
                 owne
                 Livery
                 to
                 serve
                 this
                 Worm
                 :
              
               
                 Only
                 to
                 give
                 her
                 leaves
                 is
                 all
                 she
                 craves
              
               
                 And
                 in
                 reward
                 with
                 Silk
                 shee
                 'l
                 make
                 you
                 brave
                 .
              
               
                 Out
                 of
                 her
                 rich
                 belly
                 by
                 her
                 mouth
                 spun
              
               
                 Weaves
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 most
                 curious
                 bottom
              
               
                 Which
                 by
                 a
                 Reele
                 turning
                 with
                 hand
                 of
                 man
              
               
                 Is
                 wholly
                 wound
                 off
                 most
                 neatly
                 againe
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 feed
                 Silk-Worms
                 no
                 Caling
                 can
                 disdaine
              
               
                 Seeing
                 they
                 yeild
                 you
                 so
                 much
                 honest
                 gaine
              
               
                 No
                 imployment
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 so
                 likely
              
               
                 To
                 make
                 so
                 soone
                 your
                 lasie
                 Savage
                 Wealthy
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 his
                 Silk
                 bottoms
                 in
                 exchange
                 shall
                 have
              
               
                 From
                 English
                 ,
                 what
                 he
                 so
                 needs
                 ,
                 begs
                 ,
                 and
                 craves
              
               
                 Red
                 coats
                 ,
                 hose
                 ,
                 shooes
                 ,
                 knives
                 ,
                 they
                 highly
                 deeme
              
               
                 Iewes-Trumps
                 ,
                 Bells
                 ,
                 Beads
                 ,
                 all
                 toys
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 esteeme
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 all
                 be
                 thus
                 the
                 cause
                 you
                 now
                 demand
              
               
               
                 Why
                 hath
                 this
                 knowledg
                 been
                 thus
                 long
                 detain'd
              
               
                 And
                 but
                 now
                 by
                 the
                 Ladies
                 Books
                 inflam'd
              
               
                 Ignorance
                 of
                 Planters
                 so
                 strange
                 hath
                 been
              
               
                 Till
                 now
                 ne're
                 knew
                 nor
                 dreamt
                 of
                 this
                 rich
                 thing
              
               
                 Confest
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 of
                 't
                 some
                 they
                 have
                 seene
              
               
                 Regardlesly
                 ,
                 but
                 ne're
                 did
                 them
                 esteeme
                 .
              
               
                 Which
                 loss
                 of
                 Wealth
                 and
                 Honour
                 they
                 'l
                 regaine
              
               
                 And
                 Virgins
                 Counsell
                 follow
                 will
                 amaine
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 happy
                 onset
                 they
                 this
                 Spring
                 have
                 made
              
               
                 Assures
                 them
                 all
                 a
                 stately
                 pretious
                 trade
                 .
              
               
                 Sir
                 
                   Henry
                   Chichly
                
                 that
                 Heroick
                 Knight
              
               
                 Affirmes
                 ther
                 's
                 not
                 an
                 ingenuous
                 Wight
              
               
                 In
                 Virginia
                 but
                 makes
                 all
                 speed
                 he
                 can
              
               
                 To
                 be
                 e're
                 long
                 a
                 Silken
                 noble
                 man.
              
               
                 And
                 say
                 ,
                 Colonel
                 Ludlow
                 certifies
              
               
                 That
                 thence
                 from
                 Silk
                 great
                 profit
                 will
                 arise
                 ;
              
               
                 Yea
                 worthy
                 Bernard
                 that
                 stout
                 Colonel
              
               
                 Informes
                 the
                 Lady
                 the
                 work
                 most
                 facile
              
               
                 And
                 of
                 rich
                 Silken
                 stuffs
                 ,
                 made
                 shortly
                 there
              
               
                 He
                 hopes
                 that
                 he
                 and
                 others
                 shall
                 soone
                 weare
                 .
              
               
                 So
                 major
                 
                   John
                   Westrope
                
                 saith
                 ,
                 Silk
                 will
                 be
              
               
                 A
                 gallant
                 designe
                 for
                 their
                 brave
                 Country
                 .
              
               
                 Thunder
                 was
                 that
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 men
                 onely
                 doubt
              
               
                 But
                 triall
                 made
                 this
                 Spring
                 puts
                 that
                 feare
                 out
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 all
                 Lands
                 where
                 Worms
                 are
                 kept
                 t
                 is
                 wonder
              
               
                 To
                 heare
                 that
                 any
                 were
                 harm'd
                 by
                 thunder
                 .
              
               
                 Their
                 naturall
                 Worm
                 proves
                 this
                 more
                 truer
                 .
              
               
                 Mr.
                 
                   Gorge
                   Lobs
                
                 that
                 prudent
                 old
                 Planter
              
               
                 Tel●s
                 her
                 that
                 Worms
                 ne're
                 spun
                 Silk
                 daintier
                 .
              
               
                 Le
                 ts
                 give
                 those
                 Gentlewomen
                 their
                 full
                 dues
              
               
                 Mistress
                 Garret
                 and
                 Burbage
                 for
                 Silk
                 clues
              
               
                 That
                 Colonells
                 Wife
                 needs
                 not
                 farr
                 to
                 rove
              
               
                 Her
                 Court
                 affords
                 a
                 pleasant
                 Mulberry
                 Grove
                 :
              
               
               
                 But
                 noble
                 Diggs
                 carries
                 the
                 Bell
                 away
              
               
                 (
                 Lass
                 !
                 want
                 of
                 eggs
                 made
                 so
                 small
                 the
                 essay
                 )
              
               
                 His
                 two
                 Armenians
                 from
                 Turky
                 sent
              
               
                 Are
                 now
                 most
                 busy
                 on
                 his
                 brave
                 attempt
              
               
                 And
                 had
                 he
                 stock
                 sufficient
                 for
                 next
                 yeare
              
               
                 Ten
                 thousand
                 pound
                 of
                 Silk
                 would
                 then
                 appeare
              
               
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 skies
                 his
                 worthy
                 deeds
                 upreare
                 .
              
               
                 Loe
                 here
                 what
                 mistress
                 
                   Mary
                   Ward
                
                 hath
                 sent
              
               
                 And
                 to
                 her
                 Lady
                 Cosin
                 she
                 presents
              
               
                 Ten
                 rare
                 Bottoms
                 took
                 from
                 her
                 Apple
                 tree
              
               
                 That
                 all
                 England
                 may
                 it
                 beleeve
                 and
                 see
                 .
              
               
                 Her
                 honour'd
                 Kins-man
                 Esquire
                 F●rrar
                 ,
              
               
                 To
                 confirme
                 and
                 make
                 the
                 wonder
                 greater
              
               
                 Ten
                 more
                 likewise
                 hath
                 sent
                 her
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 found
              
               
                 On
                 stately
                 Oakes
                 and
                 Shrubs
                 that
                 kiss
                 the
                 ground
              
               
                 And
                 Doctour
                 Russell
                 that
                 learn'd
                 Phisitian
              
               
                 Hath
                 with
                 his
                 ,
                 made
                 a
                 full
                 addition
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 things
                 more
                 slowly
                 do
                 affect
                 the
                 minde
              
               
                 Which
                 eares
                 do
                 heare
                 then
                 those
                 that
                 eies
                 do
                 find
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 from
                 smoke
                 Virginia
                 shall
                 be
                 raised
              
               
                 And
                 throughout
                 the
                 World
                 be
                 duly
                 praised
                 .
              
               
                 Ah
                 Blest
                 be
                 God
                 that
                 now
                 in
                 his
                 due
                 time
              
               
                 This
                 Silken
                 light
                 apparently
                 doth
                 shine
              
               
                 Then
                 come
                 ,
                 O
                 come
                 with
                 sacred
                 Lays
              
               
                 Let
                 us
                 sound
                 the
                 Almightys
                 praise
              
               
                 I.
                 F.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 most
                 Noble
                 deserving
                 Esquire
                 Diggs
                 :
                 upon
                 the
                 Arrivall
                 of
                 his
                 two
                 Armenians
                 out
                 of
                 Turky
                 into
                 Virginia
                 .
              
               
                 Courage
                 ,
                 brave
                 Sir
                 :
                 sith
                 Ayde
                 from
                 God
                 is
                 sent
              
               
                 Proceed
                 ,
                 go
                 on
                 ,
                 drive
                 forth
                 thy
                 great
                 intent
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 A
                 Comparison
                 between
                 the
                 gain
                 and
                 labour
                 of
                 TOBACCO
                 and
                 SILK
                 .
              
               
                 TObacco
                 requires
                 9
                 moneths
                 time
                 ,
                 much
                 care
                 and
                 labour
                 ,
                 both
                 without
                 and
                 within
                 dores
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 mans
                 Crop
                 is
                 commonly
                 15
                 hundred
                 weight
                 of
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 at
                 two
                 pence
                 a
                 pound
                 is
                 14
                 pound
                 gain
                 .
              
               
                 Silk
                 requires
                 six
                 weeks
                 time
                 ,
                 if
                 done
                 in
                 a
                 house
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 labour
                 of
                 a
                 man
                 and
                 boy
                 ,
                 in
                 gathering
                 leaves
                 ,
                 and
                 tending
                 the
                 worms
                 that
                 come
                 of
                 six
                 ounces
                 seed
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 by
                 so
                 many
                 worms
                 spun
                 as
                 much
                 Silk
                 as
                 will
                 weigh
                 sixty
                 pound
                 weight
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 but
                 at
                 20
                 shil
                 .
                 a
                 pound
                 ,
                 yeelds
                 60
                 l.
                 in
                 ready
                 money
                 .
              
               
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 leaves
                 a
                 man
                 but
                 3
                 moneths
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 for
                 other
                 business
                 .
              
               
                 Silk
                 ,
                 leaves
                 a
                 man
                 ten
                 moneths
                 time
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 for
                 any
                 other
                 imployments
                 .
              
               
                 14
                 pounds
                 a
                 man
                 gaines
                 by
                 his
                 Crop
                 of
                 Tobacco
                 .
              
               
                 60
                 pounds
                 a
                 man
                 and
                 boy
                 gains
                 by
                 his
                 Crop
                 of
                 Silk
                 .
              
               
                 Then
                 let
                 all
                 men
                 judge
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 more
                 gainfull
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 what
                 will
                 be
                 the
                 gain
                 and
                 profit
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 worms
                 feeding
                 and
                 spinning
                 on
                 the
                 Trees
                 is
                 more
                 considerable
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 the
                 naturall
                 
                 Virginia-worms
                 bottome
                 exeeding
                 ours
                 in
                 Europe
                 20
                 times
                 in
                 bigness
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 weight
                 :
                 what
                 a
                 Treasure
                 then
                 will
                 this
                 be
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 labour
                 ,
                 cost
                 ,
                 hazard
                 ,
                 expence
                 of
                 time
                 at
                 all
                 ,
                 a
                 Boy
                 onely
                 to
                 keep
                 away
                 the
                 Birds
                 from
                 eating
                 the
                 Silk-worms
                 on
                 the
                 Trees
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
            
             
               
               
                 
                   Thus
                   learned
                
                 Bartas
                 
                   upon
                   this
                   noble
                   &
                   admirable
                   Creature
                   .
                
              
               
                 YEt
                 may
                 I
                 not
                 this
                 
                   Wonderous
                   Worm
                
                 pass
                 by
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   Of
                   fly
                   ●r●'d
                   Worm
                
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 
                   Worm
                   a
                   Fly.
                
              
               
                 Two
                 Births
                 ,
                 two
                 Deaths
                 ,
                 here
                 Nature
                 hath
                 assign'd
                 her
                 ,
              
               
                 Leaving
                 a
                 Posthum●
                 ,
                 dead-live
                 Seed
                 behind
                 her
                 ;
              
               
                 Which
                 soon
                 transforms
                 the
                 fresh
                 and
                 tender
                 leaves
              
               
                 Of
                 Thisbes
                 pale
                 tree
                 ,
                 to
                 those
                 tender
                 sleaves
              
               
                 (
                 On
                 Ovall
                 Clues
                 )
                 of
                 soft
                 smooth
                 silken
                 Flax
                 ,
              
               
                 which
                 more
                 for
                 us
                 then
                 for
                 her self
                 she
                 makes
                 .
              
               
                 O
                 precious
                 fleece
                 !
                 which
                 only
                 did
                 adorne
              
               
                 The
                 sacred
                 loins
                 of
                 Princes
                 heretofore
                 :
              
               
                 But
                 our
                 proud
                 age
                 ,
                 with
                 prodigall
                 abuse
              
               
                 Hath
                 so
                 profan'd
                 the
                 old
                 honorable
                 use
                 :
              
               
                 That
                 Shift●rs
                 now
                 ,
                 that
                 scarce
                 have
                 bread
                 to
                 eat
              
               
                 Disdain
                 plain
                 Silk
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 be
                 beset
              
               
                 With
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 brave
                 Metals
                 ,
                 whose
                 desire
              
               
                 Burns
                 greedy
                 soules
                 with
                 an
                 impartiall
                 fire
                 .
              
               
                 Had
                 Du
                 Bartas
                 
                   fully
                   known
                   all
                   the
                   vertues
                   and
                   rarities
                   in
                   this
                   incomparable
                   Creature
                   ,
                   even
                   a
                   miracle
                   in
                   Nature
                   ,
                   he
                   would
                   have
                   inlarged
                   his
                   Poems
                   in
                   a
                   more
                   ample
                   manner
                   in
                   the
                   praise
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   great
                   honour
                   of
                   the
                   Creatour
                   .
                
                 Cui
                 Gloria
                 ,
                 Amen
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Homo
                 Vermis
                 .
              
               
                 Wee
                 all
                 are
                 creeping
                 Worms
                 of
                 th'
                 earth
                 ,
              
               
                 Some
                 are
                 Silk-Worms
                 great
                 by
                 birth
                 ,
              
               
                 Glow-Worms
                 some
                 that
                 shine
                 by
                 night
                 ,
              
               
                 Slow-Worms
                 others
                 ,
                 apt
                 to
                 bite
                 ,
              
               
                 Some
                 are
                 muck-Worms
                 slaves
                 to
                 wealth
                 ,
              
               
                 Maw-Worms
                 some
                 that
                 wrong
                 the
                 health
                 ,
              
               
                 Some
                 to
                 the
                 publique
                 no
                 good
                 willers
                 ,
              
               
                 Cancker-Worms
                 and
                 Cater-pillers
                 ;
              
               
                 Found
                 about
                 the
                 earth
                 wee
                 'r
                 crawling
                 ,
              
               
                 For
                 a
                 sorry
                 life
                 wee
                 'r
                 sprawling
                 ,
              
               
                 Putrid
                 stuff
                 we
                 suck
                 ,
                 ●t
                 fills
                 us
                 ,
              
               
                 Death
                 then
                 sets
                 his
                 foot
                 and
                 kills
                 us
                 .
              
               
                 FINIS
                 .
              
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A45759-e7520
           
             The
             way
             to
             speedy
             wealth
             was
             by
             some
             hundreds
             ●
             you
             to
             remov●
             some
             60
             mile●
             miles
             South
             by
             land
             ,
             an●
             to
             attempt
             th●
             discovery
             of
             the
             Westerly
             Sea
             ,
             on
             the
             border
             of
             Vir●gin●a
             ,
             and
             both
             two
             ve●●
             easily
             a●chie●ved
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             The
             lady
             hat●
             of
             these
             Sil●
             bottoms
             in
             h●●
             Cabinet
             as
             Jewels
             to
             co●●vince
             the
             i●●credulous
             ,
             they
             are
             ten
             times
             bigg●
             then
             any
             in
             Europe
             to
             a●●miration
             ,
             a●●
             of
             infinite
             i●●couragemen●
             to
             the
             work
             .
          
           
             Contrary
             ●●
             Book
             Rule
             .
          
           
             These
             eggs
             were
             purposely
             e●posed
             to
             ●●re
             ,
             cold
             ,
             w●nds
             ,
             and
             ●ost
             ,
             being
             aid
             &
             spaw●ed
             on
             a
             wall
             ●●
             a
             chamber
             ,
             ●nd
             there
             re●ained
             all
             ●●nter
             long
             to
             ●●y
             the
             vertue
             ●f
             the
             Eggs
             ,
             ●c
             .
             And
             twice
             ●efore
             they
             ●●me
             out
             of
             ●●eir
             bottoms
             ,
             ●●x
             times
             in
             ●●●
             .
          
           
             ●he
             seventh
             ,
             ●●ey
             appear
             ,
             ●hen
             come
             ●●t
             ,
             a
             gallant
             ●●ken
             white●●nged
             Fly
             ,
          
           
             ●
             weather
             it
             ●ms
             hurts
             ●m
             there
             ;
             in
             heat
             and
             as
             they
             ●lter
             them●es
             under
             great
             ●●es
             as
             with
             ●●eld
             ,
             but
             ●ther
             do
             ●m
             them
             ,
             ●
             easie
             is
             a
             ●asse
             cove●●
             reared
             o●
             the
             trees
             ●ave
             them
             ●
             either
             of
             ●
             .
          
           
             For
             their
             Bot●om
             being
             ten
             ●imes
             bigger
             ●hen
             ours
             ,
             ●hat
             mighty
             ●reat
             Worms
             ●ust
             they
             be
             ,
             ●nd
             what
             in●ouragement
             ●●
             this
             to
             the
             ●usinesse
             ,
             and
             ●ow
             much
             ●ore
             silk
             they
             ●ake
             then
             ●●rs
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Till
             you
             can
             ●et
             and
             gain
             ●●e
             Egg
             and
             ●●ed
             of
             your
             ●●turall
             gal●nt
             large
             Silk
             ●orm
             :
             which
             ●
             chiefly
             that
             ●●u
             must
             en●●vout
             to
             store
             ●ur
             selves
             ●●th
             ,
             no
             Eggs
             ●mparable
             to
             ●
             .
             &c.
             
          
           
             Sir
             Francis
             Drake
             was
             An.
             1577
             in
             a
             Westerly
             Sea
             one
             the
             back
             of
             Virginia
             ,
             in
             37
             degrees
             in
             opposite
             to
             the
             head
             of
             James
             Town
             in
             Virginia
             and
             he
             sailed
             from
             that
             Countrey
             which
             he
             called
             Nova
             Albion
             ,
             in
             an
             open
             Sea
             to
             the
             Molocos
             and
             China
             ,
             and
             so
             that
             also
             this
             way
             a
             trade
             may
             be
             made
             to
             those
             places
             to
             the
             back
             of
             Virginia
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             Sicily
             .
          
           
             The
             great
             ga●
             of
             the
             Silk-works
             in
             a
             house
             ,
             how
             much
             more
             i●
             the
             trees
             ,
             wil
             it
             be
             to
             you
             .
             The
             simplest
             and
             slightest
             houses
             or
             cove●tures
             will
             be
             sufficient
             for
             the
             Wor●
             to
             feed
             in
             ,
             a●
             live
             aud
             sp●n
             let
             no
             man
             doubt
             it
             ,
             &c
             
          
           
             Concerning
             the
             winding
             off
             your
             Silk
             ,
             this
             Lady
             hath
             lent
             you
             one
             of
             the
             wheels
             ,
             so
             that
             by
             it
             all
             of
             you
             may
             make
             ●he
             like
             to
             do
             ●hat
             work
             ,
             so
             ●ou
             shall
             want
             ●othing
             to
             ●peed
             the
             work
             
          
           
             
               According
               to
               that
               is
               made
            
             Sicille
             
               by
               a
               Man
               and
               Bo
            
          
           
             
               A
               most
               prop.
               imployment
               the
               lasi●
            
             Indans
             .
          
        
      
    
  

