







 
   
     
       
         Carolina, or, A description of the present state of that country and the natural excellencies thereof viz. the healthfulness of the air, pleasantness of the place, advantage and usefulness of those rich commodities there plentifully abounding, which much encrease and flourish by the industry of the planters that daily enlarge that colony / published by T.A., Gent ...
         Amy, Thomas.
      
       
         
           1682
        
      
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         A25996
         Wing A3934aA
         ESTC R31
         13060413
         ocm 13060413
         97019
         
           
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             Carolina, or, A description of the present state of that country and the natural excellencies thereof viz. the healthfulness of the air, pleasantness of the place, advantage and usefulness of those rich commodities there plentifully abounding, which much encrease and flourish by the industry of the planters that daily enlarge that colony / published by T.A., Gent ...
             Amy, Thomas.
          
           [4], 40 p.
           
             Printed for W.C., and to be sold by Mrs. Grover ...,
             London :
             1682.
          
           
             Item incorrectly attributed to Thomas Ash in Wing. Entry for A3934 cancelled in Wing (2nd ed.).
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           North Carolina -- Description and travel.
           South Carolina -- Description and travel.
        
      
    
     
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           CAROLINA
           ;
           OR
           A
           DESCRIPTION
           Of
           the
           PRESENT
           STATE
           of
           that
           COUNTRY
           ,
           AND
           The
           
             Natural
             Excellencies
          
           thereof
           ,
           viz.
           The
           Healthfulness
           of
           the
           Air
           ,
           Pleasantness
           of
           the
           Place
           ,
           Advantage
           and
           Usefulness
           of
           those
           Rich
           Commodities
           there
           plentifully
           abounding
           ,
           which
           much
           encrease
           and
           flourish
           by
           the
           Industry
           of
           the
           Planters
           that
           daily
           enlarge
           that
           Colony
           .
        
         
           
             Published
             by
          
           T.
           A.
           Gent.
           
        
         
           Clerk
           on
           Board
           his
           Majesties
           Ship
           the
           Richmond
           ,
           which
           was
           sent
           out
           in
           the
           Year
           1680.
           with
           particular
           Instructions
           to
           enquire
           into
           the
           State
           of
           that
           Country
           ,
           by
           His
           Majesties
           Special
           Command
           ,
           and
           Return'd
           this
           Present
           Year
           ,
           1682.
           
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             W.
             C.
          
           and
           to
           be
           Sold
           by
           Mrs.
           Grover
           in
           
             Pelican
             Court
          
           in
           
             Little
             Britain
          
           ,
           1682.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           
             READER
             ,
          
        
         
           YOV
           may
           please
           to
           understand
           ,
           that
           the
           first
           Discovery
           of
           this
           Country
           was
           at
           the
           Charge
           of
           King
           Henry
           the
           the
           Seventh
           ,
           as
           you
           will
           find
           in
           this
           Book
           ;
           and
           that
           as
           it
           hath
           pleased
           God
           to
           add
           such
           a
           Jewel
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           so
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           in
           a
           few
           years
           it
           will
           prove
           the
           most
           Beneficial
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           in
           General
           of
           any
           Colony
           yet
           Planted
           by
           the
           English
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           more
           probable
           from
           the
           great
           Concourse
           that
           daily
           arrives
           there
           .
           From
           the
           other
           Plantations
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           from
           
             England
             ,
             Ireland
          
           ,
           &c.
           being
           drawn
           and
           invited
           thither
           by
           the
           Healthfulness
           of
           Air
           ,
           Delicacy
           of
           Fruits
           ,
           the
           likelyhood
           of
           Wines
           ,
           Oyls
           and
           Silks
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           Variety
           of
           other
           Natural
           Commodities
           within
           specified
           ,
           which
           well
           considered
           ,
           will
           sufficiently
           evidence
           
           the
           Truth
           of
           what
           I
           Assert
           ;
           that
           I
           may
           contribute
           what
           lies
           in
           my
           Power
           for
           a
           further
           Satisfaction
           to
           those
           Gentlemen
           that
           are
           curious
           concerning
           the
           Country
           of
           Carolina
           ,
           they
           may
           find
           a
           small
           Description
           thereof
           ,
           with
           a
           Map
           of
           the
           first
           Draught
           ,
           Published
           by
           Mr.
           
             Richard
             Blome
          
           ,
           and
           Printed
           for
           
             Dorman
             Newman
          
           in
           the
           Year
           1678.
           in
           Octavo
           ,
           and
           one
           larger
           in
           Mr.
           
           Ogleby's
           America
           ;
           since
           the
           publishing
           of
           these
           ,
           there
           is
           by
           Order
           of
           the
           Lords
           Proprietors
           newly
           published
           in
           one
           large
           Sheet
           of
           Paper
           ,
           a
           very
           spacious
           Map
           of
           Carolina
           ,
           with
           its
           Rivers
           ,
           Harbors
           ,
           Plantations
           ,
           and
           other
           Accommodations
           ,
           from
           the
           latest
           Survey
           ,
           and
           best
           Informations
           ;
           with
           a
           large
           and
           particular
           Description
           of
           the
           Entrances
           into
           Ashley
           and
           Cooper
           Rivers
           ;
           this
           Map
           to
           be
           sold
           for
           
             1
             s.
          
           by
           
             Joel
             Gascoyne
          
           ,
           near
           Wapping
           Old
           Stairs
           ,
           and
           
             Robert
             Green
          
           in
           
             Budge
             Row
             London
             ,
             1682.
          
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           A
           COMPLEAT
           DISCOVERY
           OF
           THE
           State
           of
           Carolina
           ,
           In
           the
           YEAR
           1682.
           
        
         
           THE
           Discourses
           of
           many
           Ingenious
           Travellers
           (
           who
           have
           lately
           seen
           this
           part
           of
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           )
           have
           for
           Salubrity
           of
           Air
           ,
           Fertility
           of
           Soyl
           ,
           for
           the
           Luxuriant
           and
           Indulgent
           Blessings
           of
           Nature
           ,
           justly
           rendred
           Carolina
           Famous
           .
           That
           since
           my
           Arrival
           at
           London
           ,
           I
           have
           observed
           many
           with
           pleasing
           Idaeas
           and
           Contemplations
           ,
           as
           if
           ravisht
           with
           Admiration
           ,
           discourse
           of
           its
           Pleasures
           :
           Whilst
           others
           more
           actively
           prest
           and
           stimulated
           ,
           have
           with
           vehement
           and
           ardent
           Desires
           willingly
           resolved
           
           to
           hazard
           their
           Lives
           ,
           Families
           ,
           and
           Fortunes
           ,
           to
           the
           Mercy
           of
           Wind
           ,
           Seas
           and
           Storms
           ,
           to
           enjoy
           the
           Sweets
           of
           so
           desirable
           a
           Being
           .
        
         
           Having
           spent
           near
           three
           Years
           Abroad
           ,
           in
           which
           time
           I
           had
           a
           fair
           Opportunity
           of
           a
           Survey
           of
           great
           part
           of
           our
           English
           America
           .
           You
           my
           Worthy
           Friend
           ,
           knowing
           in
           what
           Character
           I
           went
           abroad
           ,
           and
           understanding
           of
           my
           being
           at
           Carolina
           ,
           did
           obligingly
           request
           (
           that
           at
           Leisure
           )
           I
           would
           collect
           such
           Notices
           of
           my
           own
           whilst
           there
           ,
           with
           those
           Remarques
           and
           Observations
           which
           I
           had
           learnt
           from
           the
           most
           Able
           and
           Ingenious
           Planters
           ,
           who
           have
           had
           their
           Residence
           on
           the
           place
           from
           its
           first
           being
           Coloniz'd
           :
           You
           desiring
           to
           be
           assured
           whether
           the
           true
           State
           of
           the
           Country
           did
           answer
           the
           Reports
           of
           Common
           Fame
           .
           Which
           in
           Compliance
           with
           ,
           and
           in
           Obedience
           to
           your
           Commands
           ,
           I
           have
           undertaken
           .
        
         
           Carolina
           derives
           her
           name
           either
           from
           our
           present
           Illustrious
           Monarch
           ,
           under
           whose
           glorious
           
           Auspices
           it
           was
           first
           establisht
           an
           English
           Colony
           ,
           in
           the
           Year
           
             One
             Thousand
             Six
             Hundred
             and
             Seventy
             ,
          
           and
           under
           whose
           benign
           and
           happy
           Influence
           it
           now
           prospers
           and
           flourishes
           .
           Or
           from
           Charles
           the
           Ninth
           of
           that
           Name
           King
           of
           France
           ,
           in
           whose
           Reign
           a
           Colony
           of
           
             French
             Protestants
          
           were
           transported
           thither
           ,
           at
           the
           encouragement
           of
           
             Gaspar
             Coligni
          
           ,
           Admiral
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ;
           the
           place
           of
           their
           first
           Settlement
           named
           in
           Honour
           of
           their
           Prince
           
             Arx
             Carolina
          
           ;
           but
           not
           long
           after
           ,
           that
           Colony
           ,
           with
           Monsieur
           Ribault
           their
           Leader
           ,
           were
           by
           the
           Spaniard
           at
           once
           cut
           off
           and
           destroy'd
           .
           Since
           which
           ,
           nor
           French
           ,
           nor
           Spaniard
           have
           made
           any
           Attempt
           for
           its
           Re-Settlement
           .
           Carolina
           is
           the
           Northermost
           part
           of
           the
           spacious
           and
           pleasant
           Province
           of
           Florida
           ;
           it
           lies
           in
           the
           Northern
           temperate
           Zone
           ,
           between
           the
           Latitude
           of
           Twenty
           Nine
           ,
           and
           Thirty
           Six
           Degrees
           ,
           and
           Thirty
           Minutes
           :
           It
           's
           bounded
           on
           the
           East
           ,
           with
           the
           Atlantick
           ,
           or
           Northern
           ,
           on
           the
           West
           ,
           with
           the
           Pacifick
           or
           Southern
           
           Ocean
           ,
           on
           the
           North
           ,
           with
           Virginia
           ,
           on
           the
           South
           ,
           with
           the
           remaining
           part
           of
           Florida
           .
           The
           Air
           of
           so
           serene
           and
           excellent
           a
           temper
           ,
           that
           the
           Indian
           Natives
           prolong
           their
           days
           to
           the
           Extremity
           of
           Old
           Age.
           And
           where
           the
           English
           hitherto
           have
           found
           no
           Distempers
           either
           Epidemical
           or
           Mortal
           ,
           but
           what
           have
           had
           their
           Rise
           from
           Excess
           or
           Origine
           from
           Intemperance
           .
           In
           July
           and
           August
           they
           have
           sometimes
           Touches
           of
           Agues
           and
           Fevers
           ,
           but
           not
           violent
           ,
           of
           short
           continuance
           ,
           and
           never
           Fatal
           .
           English
           Children
           there
           born
           ,
           are
           commonly
           strong
           and
           lusty
           ,
           of
           sound
           Constitutions
           ,
           and
           fresh
           ruddy
           Complexions
           .
           The
           Seasons
           are
           regularly
           disposed
           according
           to
           Natures
           Laws
           ;
           the
           Summer
           not
           so
           torrid
           ,
           hot
           and
           burning
           as
           that
           of
           their
           Southern
           ,
           nor
           the
           Winter
           so
           rigorously
           sharp
           and
           cold
           ,
           as
           that
           of
           their
           Northern
           Neighbours
           .
           In
           the
           Evenings
           and
           Mornings
           of
           December
           and
           January
           ,
           thin
           congealed
           Ice
           ,
           with
           hoary
           Frosts
           sometimes
           appear
           ;
           but
           as
           soon
           as
           the
           Sun
           elevates
           her self
           ,
           above
           the
           Horizon
           ,
           as
           soon
           
           they
           disappear
           and
           vanish
           ;
           Snow
           having
           been
           seen
           but
           twice
           in
           ten
           Years
           ,
           or
           from
           its
           first
           being
           settled
           by
           the
           English
           .
        
         
           The
           Soil
           near
           the
           Sea
           ,
           of
           a
           Mould
           Sandy
           ,
           farther
           distant
           ,
           more
           clayey
           ,
           or
           Sand
           and
           Clay
           mixt
           ;
           the
           Land
           lies
           upon
           a
           Level
           in
           fifty
           or
           sixty
           Miles
           round
           ,
           having
           scarce
           the
           least
           Hill
           or
           Eminency
           .
           It
           's
           cloathed
           with
           odoriferous
           and
           fragrant
           Woods
           ,
           flourishing
           in
           perpetual
           and
           constant
           Verdures
           ,
           viz.
           the
           lofty
           Pine
           ,
           the
           sweet
           smelling
           Cedar
           and
           Cyprus
           Trees
           ,
           of
           both
           which
           are
           composed
           goodly
           Boxes
           ,
           Chests
           ,
           Tables
           ,
           Scrittores
           ,
           and
           Cabinets
           .
           The
           Dust
           and
           Shavings
           of
           Cedar
           ,
           laid
           amongst
           Linnen
           or
           Woollen
           ,
           destroys
           the
           Moth
           and
           all
           Verminous
           Insects
           :
           It
           never
           rots
           ,
           breeding
           no
           Worm
           ,
           by
           which
           many
           other
           Woods
           are
           consumed
           and
           destroyed
           .
           Of
           Cedar
           there
           are
           many
           sorts
           ;
           this
           in
           Carolina
           is
           esteemed
           of
           equal
           Goodness
           for
           Grain
           ,
           Smell
           and
           Colour
           with
           the
           
             Bermudian
             Cedar
          
           ,
           which
           of
           all
           the
           
             West
             Indian
          
           is
           esteemed
           the
           most
           excellent
           ;
           that
           in
           the
           Caribbe
           Islands
           
           and
           Jamaica
           being
           of
           a
           courser
           kind
           ,
           Oyl
           and
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Wine
           penetrating
           it
           ;
           but
           with
           this
           they
           make
           Heading
           for
           their
           Cask
           ,
           which
           the
           sharpest
           and
           most
           searching
           Liquors
           does
           not
           pierce
           .
           With
           the
           Berry
           of
           the
           Tree
           at
           Bermudaz
           ,
           by
           Decoction
           ,
           they
           make
           a
           very
           wholesome
           and
           sovereign
           Drink
           .
           This
           Tree
           in
           the
           Sacred
           Writ
           is
           famous
           ,
           especially
           those
           of
           Lebanon
           ,
           for
           their
           Stately
           Stature
           ;
           but
           those
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           I
           observed
           to
           be
           of
           a
           low
           and
           humble
           height
           .
           The
           Sassafrass
           is
           a
           Medicinal
           Tree
           ,
           whose
           Bark
           and
           Leaves
           yield
           a
           pleasing
           Smell
           :
           It
           profits
           in
           all
           Diseases
           of
           the
           Blood
           ,
           and
           Liver
           ,
           particularly
           in
           all
           Venereal
           and
           Scorbutick
           Distempers
           .
           There
           are
           many
           other
           Fragrant
           smelling
           trees
           ,
           the
           
             Myrtle
             ,
             Bay
          
           and
           Lawrel
           ,
           several
           Others
           to
           us
           wholly
           unknown
           .
           Fruit
           Trees
           there
           are
           in
           abundance
           of
           various
           and
           excellent
           kinds
           ,
           the
           Orange
           ,
           Lemon
           ,
           Pomegranate
           ,
           Fig
           and
           Almond
           .
           Of
           English
           Fruits
           ,
           the
           Apple
           ,
           Pear
           ,
           Plumb
           ,
           Cherry
           ,
           Quince
           ,
           
           Peach
           ,
           a
           sort
           of
           Medlar
           ,
           and
           Chesnut
           .
           Wallnut
           Trees
           there
           are
           of
           two
           or
           three
           sorts
           ;
           but
           the
           Black
           Wallnut
           for
           its
           Grain
           ,
           is
           most
           esteem'd
           :
           the
           Wild
           Wallnut
           ,
           or
           Hiquery-Tree
           ,
           gives
           the
           Indians
           ,
           by
           boyling
           its
           Kernel
           ,
           a
           wholesome
           Oyl
           ,
           from
           whom
           the
           English
           frequently
           supply
           themselves
           for
           their
           Kitchen
           uses
           :
           It
           's
           commended
           for
           a
           good
           Remedy
           in
           Dolors
           ,
           and
           Gripes
           of
           the
           Belly
           ;
           whilst
           new
           it
           has
           a
           pleasant
           Taste
           ;
           but
           after
           six
           Moneths
           ,
           it
           decays
           and
           grows
           acid
           ;
           I
           believe
           it
           might
           make
           a
           good
           Oyl
           ,
           and
           of
           as
           general
           an
           use
           as
           that
           of
           the
           Olive
           ,
           if
           it
           were
           better
           purified
           and
           rectified
           .
           The
           Chincopin
           Tree
           bears
           a
           Nut
           not
           unlike
           the
           Hazle
           ,
           the
           Shell
           is
           softer
           :
           Of
           the
           Kernel
           is
           made
           Chocolate
           ,
           not
           much
           inferiour
           to
           that
           made
           of
           the
           Cacoa
           .
        
         
           The
           Peach
           Tree
           in
           incredible
           Numbers
           grows
           Wild
           :
           Of
           the
           Fruit
           express'd
           ,
           the
           Planters
           compose
           a
           pleasant
           refreshing
           Liquor
           ;
           the
           Remainder
           of
           the
           Fruit
           serves
           the
           Hogg
           and
           Cattle
           for
           Provision
           .
           The
           
             Mulberry
             
             Tree
          
           every-where
           amidst
           the
           Woods
           grows
           wild
           :
           The
           Planters
           ,
           near
           their
           Plantations
           ,
           in
           Rows
           and
           Walks
           ,
           plant
           them
           for
           Use
           ,
           Ornament
           and
           Pleasure
           :
           What
           I
           observed
           of
           this
           Fruit
           was
           admirable
           ;
           the
           Fruit
           there
           ,
           was
           full
           and
           ripe
           in
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           April
           and
           beginning
           of
           May
           ,
           whereas
           in
           England
           and
           Europe
           ,
           they
           are
           not
           ripe
           before
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           August
           .
           A
           Manufactory
           of
           Silk
           well
           encouraged
           might
           soon
           be
           accomplisht
           ,
           considering
           the
           numerousness
           of
           the
           Leaf
           for
           Provision
           ,
           the
           clemency
           and
           moderateness
           of
           the
           Climate
           to
           indulge
           and
           nourish
           the
           Silk-worm
           :
           To
           make
           tryal
           of
           its
           Success
           ,
           was
           the
           Intention
           of
           those
           
             French
             Protestant
             Passengers
          
           transported
           thither
           in
           His
           Majesties
           Frigat
           the
           Richmond
           being
           Forty
           Five
           the
           half
           of
           a
           greater
           Number
           design'd
           for
           that
           place
           ;
           but
           their
           Design
           was
           too
           early
           anticipated
           :
           the
           Eggs
           which
           they
           brought
           with
           them
           being
           hatch'd
           at
           Sea
           ,
           before
           we
           could
           reach
           the
           Land
           ,
           the
           Worms
           for
           want
           of
           Provision
           were
           untimely
           lost
           and
           destroyed
           .
           The
           
             Olive
             Tree
          
           
           thrives
           there
           very
           well
           .
           Mr.
           
             James
             Colleton
          
           ,
           Brother
           to
           Sir
           Peter
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Honourable
           Proprietors
           ,
           brought
           an
           
             Olive
             Stick
          
           from
           Fyall
           ,
           (
           one
           of
           the
           Western
           Islands
           )
           cut
           off
           at
           both
           Ends
           to
           Carolina
           ,
           which
           put
           into
           the
           Ground
           ,
           grew
           and
           prospered
           exceedingly
           ;
           which
           gave
           so
           great
           an
           Encouragement
           ,
           that
           since
           I
           left
           the
           place
           ,
           I
           hear
           that
           several
           more
           were
           brought
           there
           ,
           there
           being
           great
           Hopes
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Olive
           be
           well
           improved
           ,
           there
           may
           be
           expected
           from
           thence
           perhaps
           as
           good
           Oyl
           as
           any
           the
           World
           yields
           .
        
         
           Vines
           of
           divers
           sorts
           ,
           bearing
           both
           Black
           and
           Gray
           Grapes
           ,
           grow
           ,
           climbing
           their
           highest
           Trees
           ,
           running
           and
           over-spreading
           their
           lower
           Bushes
           :
           Five
           Kinds
           they
           have
           already
           distinguish'd
           ,
           three
           of
           which
           by
           Re-plantation
           ,
           and
           if
           well
           cultivated
           ,
           they
           own
           ,
           will
           make
           very
           good
           Wine
           ;
           some
           of
           which
           has
           been
           transported
           for
           England
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           best
           Pallates
           was
           well
           approved
           of
           ,
           and
           more
           is
           daily
           expected
           ,
           't
           is
           not
           doubted
           ,
           if
           the
           Planters
           as
           industriously
           prosecute
           the
           Propagation
           
           of
           Vineyards
           as
           they
           have
           begun
           ;
           but
           Carolina
           will
           in
           a
           little
           time
           prove
           a
           Magazine
           and
           Staple
           for
           Wines
           to
           the
           whole
           
             West
             Indies
          
           ;
           and
           to
           enrich
           their
           Variety
           ,
           some
           of
           the
           Proprietors
           and
           Planters
           have
           sent
           them
           the
           Noblest
           and
           Excellentest
           Vines
           of
           Europe
           ,
           viz.
           the
           
             Rhenish
             ,
             Clarret
          
           ,
           the
           Muscadel
           and
           Canary
           ,
           &c.
           
           His
           Majesty
           to
           ,
           improve
           so
           hopeful
           a
           Design
           ,
           gave
           those
           French
           we
           carried
           over
           their
           Passage
           free
           for
           themselves
           ,
           
             Wives
             ,
             Children
             Goods
          
           and
           Servants
           ,
           they
           being
           most
           of
           them
           well
           experienced
           in
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           Vine
           ,
           from
           whose
           Directions
           doubtless
           the
           English
           have
           received
           and
           made
           considerable
           Advantages
           in
           their
           Improvements
           .
        
         
           Trees
           for
           the
           Service
           of
           building
           Houses
           and
           Shipping
           ,
           besides
           those
           and
           many
           more
           which
           we
           have
           not
           nam'd
           ;
           they
           have
           all
           such
           as
           we
           in
           England
           esteem
           Good
           ,
           Lasting
           ,
           and
           Serviceable
           ,
           as
           the
           Oak
           of
           three
           sorts
           ,
           the
           
             White
             ,
             Black
          
           and
           
             Live
             Oak
          
           ,
           which
           for
           Toughness
           ,
           and
           the
           Goodness
           of
           its
           Grain
           is
           much
           esteemed
           :
           
             Elm
             ,
             Ash
             ,
             Beech
          
           ,
           and
           Poplar
           ,
           
           &c
           Into
           the
           Nature
           ,
           Qualities
           and
           Vertues
           of
           their
           Herbs
           ,
           Roots
           and
           Flowers
           ,
           we
           had
           little
           time
           to
           make
           any
           curious
           Enquiry
           :
           This
           we
           were
           assured
           by
           many
           of
           the
           knowing
           Planters
           ,
           that
           they
           had
           Variety
           of
           such
           whose
           Medicinal
           Vertues
           were
           rare
           and
           admirable
           .
           The
           China
           grows
           plentifully
           there
           ,
           whose
           Root
           infus'd
           ,
           yields
           us
           that
           pleasant
           Drink
           ,
           which
           we
           know
           by
           the
           Name
           of
           
             China
             Ale
          
           in
           England
           :
           in
           Medicinal
           Uses
           it
           's
           far
           more
           excellent
           .
           Monsieur
           Tavernier
           ,
           in
           his
           late
           Voyages
           to
           Persia
           ,
           observes
           that
           Nation
           ,
           by
           the
           frequent
           use
           of
           Water
           in
           which
           this
           Root
           is
           boyl'd
           ,
           are
           never
           troubled
           with
           the
           Stone
           or
           Gout
           :
           It
           mundifies
           and
           sweetens
           the
           Blood
           :
           It
           's
           good
           in
           
             Fevers
             ,
             Scurvy
             ,
             Gonorrhaea
          
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Lues
             Venerea
          
           .
           They
           have
           three
           sorts
           of
           the
           
             Rattle-Snake
             Root
          
           which
           I
           have
           seen
           ;
           the
           Comous
           or
           Hairy
           ,
           the
           Smooth
           ,
           the
           Nōdous
           ,
           or
           Knotted
           Root
           :
           All
           which
           are
           lactiferous
           ,
           or
           yielding
           a
           
             Milkie
             Juice
          
           ;
           and
           if
           I
           do
           not
           very
           much
           in
           my
           Observations
           err
           ,
           the
           Leaves
           of
           all
           these
           Roots
           of
           a
           Heart
           
           had
           the
           exact
           Resemblance
           :
           They
           are
           all
           Sovereign
           against
           the
           Mortal
           Bites
           of
           that
           Snake
           ,
           too
           frequent
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           :
           In
           all
           
             Pestilential
             Distempers
          
           ,
           as
           
             Plague
             ,
             Small
             Pox
          
           ,
           and
           
             Malignant
             Fevers
          
           ,
           it
           's
           a
           Noble
           Specifick
           ;
           when
           stung
           ,
           they
           eat
           the
           Root
           ,
           applying
           it
           to
           the
           Venemous
           Wound
           ;
           or
           they
           boyl
           the
           Roots
           in
           Water
           ;
           which
           drunk
           ,
           fortifies
           and
           corroborates
           the
           Heart
           ,
           exciteing
           strong
           and
           generous
           Sweats
           ;
           by
           which
           endangered
           Nature
           is
           relieved
           ,
           and
           the
           Poyson
           carried
           off
           ,
           and
           expelled
           .
        
         
           Gardens
           as
           yet
           they
           have
           not
           much
           improved
           or
           minded
           ,
           their
           Designs
           having
           otherwise
           more
           profitably
           engaged
           them
           in
           settling
           and
           cultivating
           their
           Plantations
           with
           good
           Provisions
           and
           numerous
           Stocks
           of
           Cattle
           ;
           which
           two
           things
           by
           Planters
           are
           esteemed
           the
           Basis
           and
           Props
           of
           all
           New
           Plantations
           and
           Settlements
           ;
           before
           which
           be
           well
           accomplished
           and
           performed
           ,
           nothing
           to
           any
           purpose
           can
           be
           effected
           ;
           and
           upon
           which
           all
           
             Intentions
             ,
             Manufactories
          
           ,
           &c.
           have
           their
           necessary
           
           Dependance
           .
           But
           now
           their
           Gardens
           begin
           to
           be
           supplied
           with
           such
           
             European
             Plants
          
           and
           Herbs
           as
           are
           necessary
           for
           the
           Kitchen
           ,
           
             viz.
             Potatoes
             ,
             Lettice
             ,
             Coleworts
             ,
             Parsnip
             ,
             Turnip
             ,
             Carrot
          
           and
           Reddish
           :
           Their
           Gardens
           also
           begin
           to
           be
           beautified
           and
           adorned
           with
           such
           Herbs
           and
           Flowers
           which
           to
           the
           Smell
           or
           Eye
           are
           pleasing
           and
           agreable
           ,
           viz.
           The
           
             Rose
             ,
             Tulip
             ,
             Carnation
          
           and
           Lilly.
           &c.
           
           Their
           Provision
           which
           grows
           in
           the
           Field
           is
           chiefly
           Indian
           Corn
           ,
           which
           produces
           a
           vast
           Increase
           ,
           yearly
           ,
           yielding
           Two
           plentiful
           Harvests
           ,
           of
           which
           they
           make
           wholesome
           Bread
           ,
           and
           good
           Bisket
           ,
           which
           gives
           a
           strong
           ,
           sound
           ,
           and
           nourishing
           Diet
           ;
           with
           Milk
           I
           have
           eaten
           it
           dress'd
           various
           ways
           :
           Of
           the
           Juice
           of
           the
           Corn
           ,
           when
           green
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           with
           Chocolet
           ,
           aromatiz'd
           with
           Spices
           ,
           make
           a
           rare
           Drink
           ,
           of
           an
           excellent
           Delicacy
           .
           I
           have
           seen
           the
           English
           amongst
           the
           Caribbes
           roast
           the
           green
           Ear
           on
           the
           Coals
           ,
           and
           eat
           it
           with
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           Pleasure
           :
           The
           Indians
           in
           Carolina
           parch
           the
           ripe
           Corn
           ,
           then
           pound
           it
           to
           a
           Powder
           ,
           
           putting
           it
           in
           a
           Leathern
           Bag
           :
           When
           they
           use
           it
           ,
           they
           take
           a
           little
           quantity
           of
           the
           Powder
           in
           the
           Palms
           of
           their
           Hands
           ,
           mixing
           it
           with
           Water
           ,
           and
           sup
           it
           off
           :
           with
           this
           they
           will
           travel
           several
           days
           .
           In
           short
           ,
           it
           's
           a
           Grain
           of
           General
           Use
           to
           Man
           and
           Beast
           ,
           many
           thousands
           of
           both
           kinds
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           having
           from
           it
           the
           greater
           part
           of
           their
           Subsistence
           .
           The
           
             American
             Physicians
          
           observe
           that
           it
           breeds
           good
           Blood
           ,
           removes
           and
           opens
           Oppellations
           and
           Obstructions
           .
           At
           Carolina
           they
           have
           lately
           invented
           a
           way
           of
           makeing
           with
           it
           good
           sound
           Beer
           ;
           but
           it
           's
           strong
           and
           heady
           :
           By
           Maceration
           ,
           when
           duly
           fermented
           ,
           a
           strong
           Spirit
           like
           Brandy
           may
           be
           drawn
           off
           from
           it
           ,
           by
           the
           help
           of
           an
           Alembick
           .
        
         
           Pulse
           they
           have
           of
           great
           Variety
           ,
           not
           only
           of
           what
           Europe
           yield
           ,
           
             viz.
             Beans
             ,
             Pease
             ,
             Callavance
             ,
             Figolaes
             ,
          
           and
           Bonavist
           ,
           &c.
           but
           many
           other
           kinds
           proper
           to
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           to
           us
           unknown
           :
           
             Green
             Pease
          
           at
           the
           latter
           end
           of
           April
           ,
           at
           my
           being
           there
           ,
           I
           eat
           as
           good
           as
           ever
           I
           did
           
             England
             .
             Strawberries
             Rasberries
             ,
             Bill-berries
             ,
          
           
           and
           Blackberries
           grow
           frequently
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Woods
           .
           Hemp
           and
           Flax
           thrives
           exceeding
           well
           ;
           there
           grows
           a
           sort
           of
           wild
           Silk
           Pods
           ,
           call'd
           Silk-Grass
           ,
           of
           which
           they
           may
           make
           fine
           and
           durable
           Linnen
           .
        
         
           What
           Wheat
           they
           have
           planted
           has
           been
           rather
           for
           Experiment
           and
           Observation
           ,
           whether
           it
           would
           be
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Soil
           and
           Climate
           ,
           than
           for
           any
           substance
           for
           themselves
           ,
           or
           for
           Transportation
           abroad
           ;
           what
           they
           have
           sown
           ,
           the
           Planters
           assured
           us
           grew
           exceeding
           well
           ;
           as
           also
           Barly
           ,
           Mr.
           Linch
           an
           ingenious
           Planter
           ,
           having
           whilst
           we
           were
           there
           very
           good
           growing
           in
           his
           Plantation
           ,
           of
           which
           he
           intended
           to
           make
           Malt
           for
           brewing
           of
           English
           Beer
           and
           Ale
           ,
           having
           all
           Utensils
           and
           Conveniencies
           for
           it
           .
           Tobacco
           grows
           very
           well
           ;
           and
           they
           have
           of
           an
           excellent
           sort
           ,
           mistaken
           by
           some
           of
           our
           English
           Smoakers
           for
           Spanish
           Tobacco
           ,
           and
           valued
           from
           5
           to
           8
           s.
           the
           Pound
           ;
           but
           finding
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           trouble
           in
           the
           Planting
           and
           Cure
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           Quantities
           which
           Virginia
           ,
           and
           other
           
           of
           His
           Majesties
           Plantations
           make
           ,
           rendring
           it
           a
           Drug
           over
           all
           Europe
           ;
           they
           do
           not
           much
           regard
           or
           encourage
           its
           Planting
           ,
           having
           already
           before
           them
           better
           and
           more
           profitable
           Designs
           in
           Action
           .
           Tarr
           made
           of
           the
           resinous
           Juice
           of
           the
           Pine
           (
           which
           boyl'd
           to
           a
           thicker
           Consistence
           is
           Pitch
           )
           they
           make
           great
           quantities
           yearly
           ,
           transporting
           several
           Tuns
           to
           
             Barbadoes
             ,
             Jamaica
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Caribbe
           Islands
           .
           Indigo
           they
           have
           made
           ,
           and
           that
           good
           :
           The
           reason
           why
           they
           have
           desisted
           I
           cannot
           learn.
           To
           conclude
           ,
           there
           grows
           in
           Carolina
           the
           famous
           Cassiny
           ,
           whose
           admirable
           and
           incomparable
           Vertues
           are
           highly
           applauded
           and
           extolled
           by
           French
           and
           Spanish
           Writers
           :
           It
           is
           the
           Leaves
           of
           a
           certain
           Tree
           ,
           which
           boyl'd
           in
           Water
           (
           as
           we
           do
           Thea
           )
           wonderfully
           enliven
           and
           envigorate
           the
           Heart
           ,
           with
           genuine
           easie
           Sweats
           and
           Transpirations
           ,
           preserving
           the
           Mind
           free
           and
           serene
           ,
           keeping
           the
           Body
           brisk
           ,
           active
           ,
           and
           lively
           ,
           not
           for
           an
           hour
           ,
           or
           two
           but
           for
           as
           many
           days
           ,
           as
           those
           Authors
           
           report
           without
           any
           other
           Nourishment
           or
           Subsistance
           ,
           which
           ,
           if
           true
           ,
           is
           really
           admirable
           ;
           they
           also
           add
           ,
           that
           none
           amongst
           the
           Indians
           ,
           but
           their
           great
           Men
           and
           Captains
           ,
           who
           have
           been
           famous
           for
           their
           great
           Exploits
           of
           War
           and
           Noble
           Actions
           ,
           are
           admitted
           to
           the
           use
           of
           this
           noble
           Bevaridge
           .
           At
           my
           being
           there
           I
           made
           Enquiry
           after
           it
           ;
           but
           the
           Ignorance
           of
           the
           Planter
           did
           not
           inform
           me
           .
           Sponges
           growing
           on
           the
           Sandy
           Shoars
           ,
           I
           have
           gathered
           good
           and
           large
           ;
           for
           which
           Samos
           in
           times
           past
           was
           famous
           ,
           supposed
           by
           the
           Ancients
           to
           be
           the
           only
           place
           in
           the
           World
           where
           they
           grew
           :
           a
           courser
           sort
           I
           have
           seen
           pull'd
           up
           by
           Fishers
           ,
           fishing
           among
           the
           Rocks
           of
           the
           Island
           of
           
             Berbadoes
             .
             Ambergrise
          
           is
           often
           thrown
           on
           their
           Shoars
           ;
           a
           pretious
           Commodity
           to
           him
           who
           finds
           it
           ,
           if
           Native
           ,
           and
           pure
           in
           Worth
           and
           Value
           It
           surpasses
           Gold
           ;
           being
           estimated
           at
           5
           and
           6
           Pound
           the
           Ounce
           ,
           is
           not
           adulterated
           .
           What
           it
           is
           I
           shall
           not
           decide
           ,
           leaving
           it
           to
           the
           Judgment
           of
           the
           more
           Learned
           ,
           whether
           it
           be
           the
           Excrement
           of
           the
           Whale
           ,
           
           because
           sometimes
           in
           dissecting
           and
           opening
           their
           Bodies
           it
           's
           there
           discovered
           .
           I
           think
           as
           well
           it
           may
           be
           argued
           the
           Excrements
           of
           other
           Creatures
           ,
           Birds
           and
           some
           Beasts
           greedily
           desireing
           and
           affecting
           it
           ,
           especially
           the
           Fox
           ,
           who
           eating
           it
           ,
           by
           Digestion
           it
           passes
           through
           his
           Body
           ;
           after
           some
           Alteration
           it
           's
           again
           recover'd
           ,
           and
           is
           that
           which
           we
           call
           
             Fox
             Ambergrise
          
           .
           Others
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           a
           bitumious
           Substance
           ,
           ebullating
           or
           boiling
           up
           from
           the
           Bottom
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           and
           floating
           on
           the
           Surface
           of
           the
           Waters
           ,
           is
           condensed
           by
           the
           circumambient
           Air
           :
           of
           which
           Opinion
           is
           the
           Learned
           Sennertus
           .
           Some
           that
           it
           is
           a
           Plant
           of
           a
           viscous
           oleaginous
           Body
           ,
           really
           growing
           at
           the
           bottom
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           the
           swift
           and
           violent
           Motion
           of
           the
           Waters
           in
           Storms
           causing
           an
           Eradication
           or
           Evulsion
           of
           the
           Plant
           ,
           forcing
           it
           to
           the
           adjacent
           Shoars
           ;
           that
           its
           most
           plentifully
           found
           after
           Storms
           is
           certain
           :
           if
           true
           ,
           as
           an
           intelligent
           man
           informed
           me
           ,
           who
           lived
           many
           years
           at
           the
           Bermudaz
           ,
           and
           among
           the
           Behama
           Islands
           ,
           who
           saw
           at
           the
           Behama
           a
           piece
           
           of
           Ambergrise
           weighing
           thirty
           pound
           (
           for
           its
           bigness
           famous
           in
           those
           Parts
           )
           having
           perfect
           and
           apparent
           Roots
           ,
           equal
           to
           the
           Body
           in
           worth
           and
           goodness
           .
           Others
           ,
           that
           it
           's
           the
           liquid
           resinous
           Tears
           of
           some
           odoriferous
           Tree
           ,
           hanging
           over
           Seas
           or
           Rivers
           ,
           coagulated
           in
           that
           Form
           which
           we
           find
           it
           .
           Dr.
           Trapham
           ,
           an
           ingenious
           Physitian
           in
           Jamaica
           ,
           differs
           little
           from
           this
           last
           opinion
           ,
           thinking
           it
           the
           Gummous
           Juice
           of
           some
           fragrant
           Plant
           which
           grows
           on
           Rocks
           near
           the
           Sea
           ,
           whose
           Trunks
           broken
           by
           the
           rude
           and
           boysterous
           Waves
           ,
           emit
           that
           precious
           Liquor
           .
           In
           Medicinal
           and
           Physical
           uses
           it
           has
           a
           high
           esteem
           ,
           being
           prescribed
           in
           the
           richest
           Cordials
           ,
           admirable
           in
           the
           languishes
           of
           the
           Spirit
           Faintings
           ,
           and
           Deliquium
           of
           the
           Heart
           ;
           given
           as
           the
           last
           remedy
           to
           agonizing
           Persons
           .
           In
           Perfumes
           of
           Linnen
           Wollen
           ,
           Gloves
           ,
           &c.
           there
           is
           none
           esteemed
           more
           costly
           or
           precious
           .
           It
           s
           of
           different
           Colors
           ,
           
             Black
             ,
             Red
          
           ,
           the
           Nutmeg
           ,
           and
           Gray
           Color
           are
           held
           the
           best
           .
        
         
           The
           great
           encrease
           of
           their
           Cattel
           is
           rather
           
           to
           be
           admired
           than
           believed
           :
           not
           more
           than
           six
           or
           seven
           years
           past
           the
           Country
           was
           almost
           destitute
           of
           
             Cows
             ,
             Hogs
          
           and
           Sheep
           ,
           now
           they
           have
           many
           thousand
           Head.
           The
           Planter
           in
           Winter
           takes
           no
           care
           for
           their
           Provision
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           great
           Advantage
           ;
           the
           Northern
           Plantations
           obliging
           the
           Planters
           to
           spend
           great
           part
           of
           their
           Summer
           to
           provide
           Fodder
           and
           Provision
           for
           their
           Cattle
           ,
           to
           preserve
           them
           from
           starving
           in
           the
           Winter
           .
           The
           Cows
           the
           Year
           round
           brouzing
           on
           the
           sweet
           Leaves
           growing
           on
           the
           Trees
           and
           Bushes
           ,
           or
           on
           the
           wholesome
           Herbage
           growing
           underneath
           :
           They
           usually
           call
           them
           home
           in
           the
           Evening
           for
           their
           Milk
           ,
           and
           to
           keep
           them
           from
           running
           wild
           .
           Hogs
           find
           more
           than
           enough
           of
           Fruits
           in
           the
           Summer
           ,
           and
           Roots
           and
           Nuts
           in
           the
           Winter
           ;
           from
           the
           abundance
           of
           their
           Feeding
           ,
           great
           numbers
           forsake
           their
           own
           Plantations
           ,
           running
           wild
           in
           the
           Woods
           ,
           the
           
             Tyger
             ,
             Wolf
          
           ,
           and
           
             wild
             Cat
          
           ,
           by
           devouring
           them
           ,
           oftentimes
           goes
           Share
           with
           the
           Planter
           ;
           but
           when
           the
           Stock
           encreases
           and
           grows
           strong
           ,
           the
           older
           
           surround
           the
           younger
           ,
           and
           boldly
           oppose
           ,
           and
           oftentimes
           attack
           their
           Invaders
           .
           Their
           Sheep
           bears
           good
           Wooll
           ;
           the
           Ewes
           at
           a
           time
           often
           have
           2
           or
           3
           Lambs
           ;
           they
           thrive
           very
           well
           ,
           the
           Country
           being
           so
           friendly
           to
           their
           Natures
           ,
           that
           it
           's
           observed
           ,
           they
           are
           neither
           liable
           or
           incident
           to
           any
           known
           Disease
           or
           Distemper
           .
           Of
           Beasts
           bearing
           Furrs
           ,
           they
           have
           great
           store
           of
           Variety
           ,
           whose
           Skins
           serve
           the
           Indians
           for
           Cloathing
           and
           Bedding
           ,
           and
           the
           English
           for
           many
           uses
           ,
           besides
           the
           great
           Advantage
           made
           of
           them
           ,
           by
           their
           being
           sent
           for
           
             England
             .
             Deer
          
           ,
           of
           which
           there
           is
           such
           infinite
           Herds
           ,
           that
           the
           whole
           Country
           seems
           but
           one
           continued
           Park
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           often
           heard
           Captain
           Matthews
           ,
           an
           ingenious
           Gentleman
           ,
           and
           Agent
           to
           Sir
           
             Peter
             Colleton
          
           for
           his
           Affairs
           in
           Carolina
           ,
           that
           one
           hunting
           Indian
           has
           yearly
           kill'd
           and
           brought
           to
           his
           Plantation
           more
           than
           an
           100
           ,
           sometimes
           200
           head
           of
           
             Deer
             .
             Bears
          
           there
           are
           in
           great
           numbers
           ,
           of
           whose
           Fat
           they
           make
           an
           Oyl
           which
           is
           of
           great
           Vertue
           and
           Efficacy
           in
           causing
           the
           Hair
           to
           
           grow
           ,
           which
           I
           observed
           the
           Indians
           daily
           used
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           they
           not
           only
           keep
           their
           Hair
           clear
           and
           preserved
           from
           Vermine
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           nourishing
           faculty
           of
           the
           Oyl
           ,
           it
           usually
           extended
           in
           length
           to
           their
           middles
           .
           There
           are
           
             Bevors
             ,
             Otters
             ,
             Foxes
             ,
             Racoons
             ,
             Possums
             ,
          
           *
           
             Musquasses
             ,
             Hares
          
           and
           
             Coneys
             ,
             Squirrels
          
           of
           five
           kinds
           ,
           the
           flying
           Squirrel
           ,
           whose
           delicate
           Skin
           is
           commended
           for
           comforting
           ,
           if
           applied
           to
           a
           cold
           Stomack
           ,
           the
           Red
           ,
           the
           Grey
           ,
           the
           Fox
           and
           Black
           Squirrels
           .
           Leather
           for
           Shoes
           they
           have
           good
           and
           well
           tann'd
           :
           The
           Indians
           have
           also
           a
           way
           of
           dressing
           their
           Skins
           rather
           softer
           ,
           tho'
           not
           so
           durable
           as
           ours
           in
           England
           .
        
         
           Birds
           the
           Country
           yields
           of
           differing
           kinds
           and
           Colours
           :
           For
           Prey
           ,
           the
           
             Pelican
             ,
             Hawk
          
           ,
           and
           Eagle
           ,
           &c.
           
           For
           Pleasure
           ,
           the
           
             red
             ,
             copped
          
           and
           
             blew
             Bird
          
           ,
           which
           wantonly
           imitates
           the
           various
           Notes
           and
           Sounds
           of
           such
           Birds
           and
           Beasts
           which
           it
           hears
           ,
           wherefore
           ,
           by
           way
           of
           Allusion
           ,
           it
           's
           call'd
           the
           
             mocking
             Bird
          
           ;
           for
           which
           pleasing
           Property
           it
           's
           there
           esteem'd
           a
           
           
           Birds
           for
           Food
           ,
           and
           pleasure
           of
           Game
           ,
           are
           the
           
             Swan
             ,
             Goose
             ,
             Duck
             ,
             Mallard
             ,
             Wigeon
             ,
             Teal
             ,
             Curlew
             ,
             Plover
             ,
             Partridge
             ,
          
           the
           Flesh
           of
           which
           is
           equally
           as
           good
           ,
           tho'
           smaller
           than
           ours
           in
           
             England
             .
             Pigeons
          
           and
           Parakeittoes
           :
           In
           Winter
           huge
           Flights
           of
           wild
           Turkies
           ,
           oftentimes
           weighing
           from
           twenty
           ,
           thirty
           ,
           to
           forty
           pound
           .
           There
           are
           also
           great
           Stocks
           of
           tame
           Fowl
           ,
           
             viz.
             Geese
             ,
             Ducks
             ,
             Cocks
             ,
             Hens
             ,
             Pigeons
          
           and
           Turkies
           .
           They
           have
           a
           Bird
           I
           believe
           the
           least
           in
           the
           whole
           Creation
           ,
           named
           the
           
             Humming
             Bird
          
           ;
           in
           bigness
           the
           Wren
           being
           much
           superiour
           ,
           in
           Magnitude
           not
           exceeding
           the
           
             Humble
             Bee
          
           ,
           whose
           Body
           in
           flying
           much
           resembles
           it
           ,
           did
           not
           their
           long
           Bills
           ,
           between
           two
           and
           three
           Inches
           ,
           and
           no
           bigger
           than
           Needles
           ,
           make
           the
           difference
           .
           They
           are
           of
           a
           deep
           Green
           ,
           shadow'd
           with
           a
           Murry
           ,
           not
           much
           unlike
           the
           color
           of
           some
           Doves
           Necks
           ,
           they
           take
           their
           Food
           humming
           or
           flying
           ,
           feeding
           on
           the
           exuberant
           Moistures
           of
           sweet
           odoriferous
           Leaves
           and
           Flowers
           .
           I
           have
           frequently
           seen
           them
           in
           many
           parts
           of
           the
           West
           Indies
           ,
           but
           never
           
           observed
           them
           to
           have
           any
           Musical
           Air
           ,
           but
           a
           loud
           Note
           to
           Admiration
           ,
           crying
           
             Chur
             ,
             Chur
             ,
             Chur
          
           ,
           &c.
           which
           at
           the
           distance
           of
           half
           a
           mile
           is
           plainly
           heard
           :
           their
           Eggs
           ,
           of
           which
           they
           produce
           three
           or
           four
           young
           at
           a
           time
           ,
           not
           unlike
           small
           white
           Pease
           :
           they
           continue
           between
           the
           Tropiques
           the
           whole
           year
           round
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           observed
           at
           Berbadoes
           and
           Jamaica
           ;
           but
           I
           am
           informed
           ,
           that
           in
           the
           more
           Northern
           parts
           of
           America
           they
           sleep
           the
           whole
           Winter
           ;
           at
           Berbadoes
           the
           Jews
           curiously
           skin
           these
           little
           Birds
           ,
           filling
           them
           with
           fine
           Sand
           ,
           and
           perfuming
           their
           Feathers
           ,
           they
           are
           sent
           into
           Europe
           as
           pretty
           Delicacies
           for
           Ladies
           ,
           who
           hang
           them
           at
           their
           Breasts
           and
           Girdles
           .
        
         
           There
           are
           in
           Carolina
           great
           numbers
           of
           Fire
           Flies
           ,
           who
           carry
           their
           Lanthorns
           in
           their
           Tails
           in
           dark
           Nights
           ,
           flying
           through
           the
           Air
           ,
           shining
           like
           Sparks
           of
           Fire
           ,
           enlightning
           it
           with
           their
           Golden
           Spangles
           .
           I
           have
           seen
           a
           larger
           sort
           at
           Jamaica
           ,
           which
           Dr.
           Heylin
           in
           his
           Cosmography
           ,
           enumerates
           amongst
           the
           Rarities
           and
           Wonders
           
           of
           Hispaniola
           ,
           an
           Island
           under
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           distant
           between
           20
           and
           30
           Leagues
           from
           Jamaica
           :
           These
           have
           two
           Lights
           above
           their
           Eyes
           ,
           and
           a
           third
           in
           their
           Tails
           ;
           in
           dark-nights
           they
           shine
           like
           Candles
           :
           for
           which
           I
           have
           often
           at
           a
           distance
           mistaken
           them
           ,
           supposeing
           them
           to
           have
           been
           the
           Lights
           of
           some
           adjacent
           Plantation
           ;
           and
           in
           this
           I
           have
           not
           been
           the
           first
           that
           has
           been
           so
           deceived
           .
           Amongst
           large
           Orange
           Trees
           in
           the
           Night
           ,
           I
           have
           seen
           many
           of
           those
           Flies
           ,
           whose
           Lights
           have
           appeared
           like
           hanging
           Candles
           ,
           or
           pendant
           Flambeaus
           ,
           which
           amidst
           the
           Leaves
           and
           ripe
           Fruit
           yielded
           a
           Sight
           truly
           glorious
           to
           behold
           :
           with
           3
           of
           these
           included
           in
           a
           Glass
           Bottle
           ,
           in
           a
           very
           dark
           Night
           I
           have
           read
           very
           small
           Characters
           :
           When
           they
           are
           kill'd
           ,
           their
           Igneous
           ,
           or
           Luminous
           Matter
           does
           not
           immediately
           ,
           (
           till
           half
           an
           hour
           ,
           or
           an
           hour
           after
           their
           Deaths
           )
           extinguish
           .
        
         
           As
           the
           Earth
           ,
           the
           Air
           ,
           &c.
           are
           enrich'd
           and
           replenished
           with
           the
           Blessings
           of
           the
           most
           High
           ,
           the
           Seas
           and
           Rivers
           of
           the
           same
           bounty
           
           
           equally
           participate
           in
           the
           Variety
           of
           excellent
           and
           wholesome
           Fish
           which
           it
           produces
           ,
           
             viz.
             Sturgeon
          
           ,
           of
           whose
           
             Sounds
             ,
             Iceing
             glass
          
           ,
           of
           whose
           
             Roes
             Caviare
          
           are
           made
           :
           Mullet
           ,
           a
           delicious
           sweet
           Fish
           ,
           of
           whose
           Roes
           or
           
             Spawn
             Botargo
          
           is
           made
           :
           
             Whale
             ,
             Salmon
             ,
             Trouts
             ,
             Bass
             ,
             Drum
             ,
             Cat-fish
             ,
          
           whose
           Head
           and
           glaring
           Eyes
           resemble
           a
           Cat
           ;
           it
           's
           esteem'd
           a
           very
           good
           Fish
           ;
           it
           hath
           a
           sharp
           thorny
           Bone
           on
           its
           Back
           ,
           which
           strikes
           at
           such
           as
           endeavor
           to
           take
           it
           :
           which
           by
           Seamen
           is
           held
           venemous
           ;
           yet
           I
           saw
           one
           of
           our
           Seamen
           ,
           the
           back
           of
           whose
           Hand
           was
           pierced
           with
           it
           ,
           yet
           no
           poysonous
           Symptoms
           of
           Inflammation
           or
           Rancor
           appear'd
           on
           the
           Wound
           ,
           which
           quickly
           heal'd
           ,
           that
           I
           concluded
           it
           was
           either
           false
           ,
           or
           that
           of
           this
           Fish
           there
           were
           more
           kinds
           than
           one
           :
           
             Plaice
             ,
             Eels
             ,
             Crabs
             ,
             Prawns
          
           twice
           as
           large
           as
           ours
           in
           
             England
             :
             Oysters
          
           of
           an
           Oblong
           or
           Oval
           Form
           ;
           their
           number
           inexhaustible
           ;
           a
           man
           may
           easily
           gather
           more
           in
           a
           day
           than
           he
           can
           well
           eat
           in
           a
           year
           ;
           some
           of
           which
           are
           margiritiferous
           ,
           yielding
           bright
           round
           Oriental
           Pearl
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Tortoise
           ,
           more
           commonly
           call'd
           by
           our
           
             West
             Indians
          
           the
           Turtle
           ,
           are
           of
           three
           sorts
           ,
           the
           Hawks-Bill
           ,
           whose
           Shell
           is
           that
           which
           we
           call
           the
           Turtle
           or
           
             Tortoise
             Shell
          
           ;
           the
           
             Green
             Turtle
          
           ,
           whose
           Shell
           being
           thin
           is
           little
           regarded
           ;
           but
           its
           Flesh
           is
           more
           esteemed
           than
           the
           
             Hawks-bill
             Tortoise
          
           :
           The
           
             Loggerhead
             Turtle
          
           ,
           or
           Tortoise
           has
           neither
           good
           Shell
           or
           Flesh
           ,
           so
           is
           little
           minded
           or
           regarded
           .
           They
           are
           a
           sort
           of
           creatures
           which
           live
           both
           on
           Land
           and
           Water
           .
           In
           the
           day
           usually
           keeping
           the
           Sea
           ,
           swiming
           on
           the
           Surface
           of
           the
           Water
           ,
           in
           fair
           Weather
           delighting
           to
           expose
           themselves
           to
           the
           Sun
           ,
           oftentimes
           falling
           asleep
           ,
           lying
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           seen
           several
           times
           ,
           without
           any
           Motion
           on
           the
           Waters
           ,
           till
           disturbed
           by
           the
           approach
           of
           some
           Ship
           or
           Boat
           ,
           being
           quick
           of
           hearing
           ,
           they
           dive
           away
           .
           In
           the
           Night
           they
           often
           come
           ashore
           to
           feed
           and
           lay
           their
           Eggs
           in
           the
           Sand
           ,
           which
           once
           covered
           ,
           they
           leave
           to
           the
           Influence
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           which
           in
           due
           time
           produces
           her
           young
           ones
           ,
           which
           dig
           their
           Passage
           
           out
           of
           the
           Sand
           immediately
           making
           their
           way
           towards
           the
           Water
           .
           At
           this
           Season
           ,
           when
           they
           most
           usually
           come
           ashore
           ,
           which
           is
           in
           
             April
             ,
             May
          
           and
           June
           ,
           the
           Seamen
           or
           Turtlers
           ,
           at
           some
           convenient
           distance
           watch
           their
           opportunity
           ,
           getting
           between
           them
           and
           the
           Sea
           ,
           turn
           them
           on
           their
           Backs
           ,
           from
           whence
           they
           are
           unable
           ever
           to
           rise
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           the
           Seamen
           or
           Turtlers
           sometimes
           turn
           40
           or
           50
           in
           a
           night
           ,
           some
           of
           2
           ,
           3
           ,
           400
           weight
           :
           If
           they
           are
           far
           distant
           from
           the
           Harbor
           or
           Market
           to
           which
           they
           design
           to
           bring
           them
           ,
           they
           kill
           ,
           cutting
           them
           to
           pieces
           ,
           which
           Salted
           ,
           they
           Barrel
           :
           This
           is
           the
           way
           of
           killing
           at
           the
           
           Caymana's
           ,
           an
           Island
           lying
           to
           Leeward
           of
           
             Jamaica
             .
             Turtle
          
           ,
           Barrel'd
           and
           Salted
           ,
           if
           well
           condition'd
           ,
           is
           worth
           from
           18
           to
           25
           shillings
           the
           Barrel
           .
           If
           near
           their
           Market
           or
           Harbor
           they
           bring
           them
           in
           Sloops
           alive
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           keep
           them
           in
           Crauls
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           particular
           place
           of
           Salt
           Water
           of
           Depth
           and
           Room
           for
           them
           to
           swim
           in
           ,
           pallisado'd
           or
           staked
           ,
           in
           round
           above
           
           the
           Waters
           Surface
           ,
           where
           ,
           upon
           occasion
           they
           take
           them
           out
           ,
           and
           kill
           them
           ,
           and
           cutting
           them
           to
           pieces
           ,
           sell
           their
           Flesh
           for
           two
           pence
           or
           three
           pence
           the
           pound
           :
           the
           Belly
           ,
           which
           they
           call
           the
           Callope
           of
           the
           Turtle
           ,
           pepper'd
           and
           salted
           ,
           or
           roasted
           and
           baked
           ,
           is
           an
           excellent
           Dish
           ,
           much
           esteemed
           by
           our
           Nation
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           :
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Flesh
           boil'd
           ,
           makes
           as
           good
           and
           nourishing
           Broath
           ,
           as
           the
           best
           Capon
           in
           England
           ,
           especially
           if
           some
           of
           the
           Eggs
           are
           mixt
           with
           it
           ;
           they
           are
           some
           white
           ,
           and
           others
           of
           a
           yellow
           or
           golden
           Colour
           ,
           in
           largeness
           not
           exceeding
           a
           Walnut
           ,
           wrapt
           in
           a
           thin
           Skin
           or
           Membrane
           ,
           sweet
           in
           Taste
           ,
           nourishing
           and
           wholesome
           :
           and
           of
           this
           property
           ,
           that
           they
           never
           grow
           hard
           by
           boiling
           :
           the
           Liver
           is
           black
           ;
           it
           freely
           opens
           and
           purges
           the
           Body
           :
           if
           little
           of
           it
           be
           eaten
           ,
           it
           dies
           the
           Excrements
           of
           a
           deep
           black
           Colour
           :
           The
           Fat
           in
           Color
           inclines
           to
           a
           Sea
           Green
           ;
           in
           Taste
           it
           's
           sweet
           and
           luscious
           ,
           equalling
           ,
           if
           not
           surpassing
           the
           best
           Marrow
           ,
           if
           freely
           eaten
           it
           deeply
           stains
           the
           Urine
           of
           its
           Color
           :
           It
           's
           of
           
           a
           very
           penetrating
           piercing
           quality
           ,
           highly
           comended
           in
           Strains
           and
           Aches
           :
           Of
           it
           the
           Turtlers
           oftentimes
           make
           an
           Oyl
           ,
           which
           in
           Lamps
           burns
           much
           brighter
           and
           sweeter
           than
           common
           Lamp
           or
           Train
           Oyl
           .
           In
           general
           ,
           the
           Flesh
           is
           commended
           for
           a
           good
           Antiscorbutique
           and
           an
           Antivenereal
           Diet
           ;
           many
           in
           the
           former
           ,
           and
           some
           that
           have
           been
           far
           gone
           in
           Consumptions
           ,
           with
           the
           constant
           use
           alone
           of
           this
           Diet
           ,
           have
           been
           thoroughly
           recovered
           and
           cured
           in
           3
           or
           4
           months
           .
           It
           hath
           3
           Hearts
           ,
           by
           thin
           Pellicules
           only
           separated
           ,
           which
           has
           caused
           some
           to
           Philosophize
           on
           its
           
             Amphibious
             Nature
          
           ,
           alluding
           to
           those
           participating
           and
           
             assimulating
             Qualities
          
           which
           it
           has
           to
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           Universe
           ,
           it
           swiming
           like
           a
           Fish
           ,
           laying
           Eggs
           like
           a
           Fowl
           ,
           and
           feeding
           on
           Grass
           like
           an
           Ox.
           This
           I
           am
           assured
           of
           ,
           that
           after
           it
           's
           cut
           to
           pieces
           ,
           it
           retains
           a
           Sensation
           of
           Life
           three
           times
           longer
           than
           any
           known
           Creature
           in
           the
           Creation
           :
           Before
           they
           kill
           them
           they
           are
           laid
           on
           their
           Backs
           ,
           where
           hopeless
           of
           Relief
           ,
           as
           if
           sensible
           of
           their
           future
           Condition
           ,
           for
           some
           
           hours
           they
           mourn
           out
           their
           Funerals
           ,
           the
           Tears
           plentifully
           flowing
           from
           their
           Eyes
           ,
           accompanied
           with
           passionate
           Sobs
           and
           Sighs
           ,
           in
           my
           Judgment
           nothing
           more
           like
           than
           such
           who
           are
           surrounded
           and
           overwhelmed
           with
           Troubles
           ,
           Cares
           and
           Griefs
           ,
           which
           raises
           in
           Strangers
           both
           Pity
           and
           Compassion
           .
           Compleatly
           six
           hours
           after
           the
           Butcher
           has
           cut
           them
           up
           and
           into
           pieces
           ,
           mangled
           their
           Bodies
           ,
           I
           have
           seen
           the
           Callope
           when
           going
           to
           be
           seasoned
           ,
           with
           pieces
           of
           their
           Flesh
           ready
           to
           cut
           into
           Stakes
           ,
           vehemently
           contract
           with
           great
           Reluctancy
           rise
           against
           the
           Knife
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           the
           whole
           Mass
           of
           Flesh
           in
           a
           visible
           Tremulation
           and
           Concussion
           ,
           to
           him
           who
           first
           sees
           it
           seems
           strange
           and
           admirable
           .
           There
           is
           farther
           to
           the
           Southward
           of
           Carolina
           ,
           especially
           about
           the
           Shoars
           and
           Rivers
           of
           Hisniola
           and
           Cuba
           a
           Fish
           in
           Nature
           something
           like
           the
           former
           ,
           call'd
           the
           Manacy
           or
           Sea-Cow
           ,
           of
           an
           extraordinary
           Bigness
           ,
           sometimes
           of
           1000
           pound
           weight
           :
           It
           feeds
           on
           the
           Banks
           and
           Shoar
           sides
           on
           the
           grassy
           Herbage
           ,
           like
           a
           
           Tortoise
           ;
           but
           that
           which
           is
           more
           wonderful
           of
           this
           Creature
           is
           ,
           that
           she
           gives
           her
           young
           Ones
           Suck
           from
           her
           Duggs
           ;
           she
           is
           headed
           like
           a
           Cow
           ,
           of
           a
           green
           Colour
           ,
           her
           Flesh
           by
           some
           esteemed
           the
           most
           delicate
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           sweeter
           than
           the
           tenderest
           Veal
           ,
           sold
           at
           Jamaica
           ,
           where
           it
           's
           sometimes
           brought
           for
           6
           d.
           the
           pound
           :
           It
           hath
           a
           Stone
           in
           the
           Head
           which
           is
           a
           gallant
           Remedy
           against
           the
           Pains
           and
           Dolors
           of
           the
           Stone
           ;
           so
           are
           the
           Bones
           of
           its
           Body
           to
           provoke
           Urine
           ,
           when
           pulveriz'd
           and
           exhibited
           in
           convenient
           Liquors
           .
           It
           s
           Skin
           makes
           excellent
           Whips
           for
           Horses
           ,
           if
           prudently
           us'd
           ,
           which
           are
           very
           serviceable
           and
           lasting
           ;
           with
           one
           of
           these
           Manaty
           Strapps
           ,
           I
           have
           seen
           a
           Bar
           of
           Iron
           cut
           and
           dented
           :
           It
           cuts
           so
           severe
           and
           deep
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           Publick
           Authority
           at
           Jamaica
           ,
           Masters
           are
           forbidden
           and
           prohibited
           with
           it
           to
           strike
           their
           White
           Servants
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           in
           the
           mouth
           of
           their
           Rivers
           ,
           or
           in
           Lakes
           near
           the
           Sea
           a
           Creature
           well
           known
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           ,
           call'd
           the
           Alligator
           or
           Crocodile
           ,
           
           whose
           Scaly
           Back
           is
           impenitrable
           ,
           refusing
           a
           Musquet
           Bullet
           to
           pierce
           it
           ,
           but
           under
           the
           Belly
           ,
           that
           or
           an
           Arrow
           finds
           an
           easie
           Passage
           to
           destroy
           it
           :
           it
           lives
           both
           on
           Land
           and
           Water
           ,
           being
           a
           voracious
           greedy
           Creature
           ,
           devouring
           whatever
           it
           seizes
           on
           ,
           Man
           only
           excepted
           ,
           which
           on
           the
           Land
           it
           has
           not
           the
           courage
           to
           attacque
           ,
           except
           when
           asleep
           or
           by
           surprize
           :
           In
           the
           Water
           it
           's
           more
           dangerous
           ;
           it
           sometimes
           grows
           to
           a
           great
           length
           ,
           from
           16
           to
           20
           foot
           ,
           having
           a
           long
           Mouth
           ,
           beset
           with
           sharp
           keen
           Teeth
           ;
           the
           Body
           when
           full
           grown
           as
           large
           as
           a
           Horse
           ,
           declining
           towards
           the
           Tail
           ;
           it
           's
           slow
           in
           motion
           ,
           and
           having
           no
           Joynt
           in
           the
           Vertebraes
           or
           Back
           Bone
           ,
           but
           with
           its
           whole
           length
           is
           unable
           to
           turn
           ,
           which
           renders
           it
           the
           less
           mischievous
           ;
           yet
           Nature
           by
           Instinct
           has
           given
           most
           Creatures
           timely
           Caution
           to
           avoid
           them
           by
           their
           strong
           musky
           Smell
           ,
           which
           at
           a
           considerable
           distance
           is
           perceiveable
           ,
           which
           the
           poor
           Cattle
           for
           their
           own
           Preservation
           make
           good
           use
           of
           :
           their
           Flesh
           cuts
           very
           white
           ;
           the
           young
           ones
           are
           eatable
           ;
           the
           Flesh
           of
           the
           older
           smells
           so
           strong
           of
           Musk
           ▪
           that
           it
           nauseates
           ;
           their
           Stones
           at
           least
           so
           called
           ,
           
           are
           commended
           for
           a
           rich
           lasting
           Perfume
           .
        
         
           Mettals
           or
           Minerals
           I
           know
           not
           of
           any
           ,
           yet
           it
           's
           supposed
           and
           generally
           believed
           ,
           that
           the
           Apalatean
           Mountains
           which
           lie
           far
           up
           within
           the
           Land
           ,
           yields
           Ore
           both
           of
           Gold
           and
           Silver
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           their
           running
           Searches
           of
           this
           Country
           saw
           it
           ,
           but
           had
           not
           time
           to
           open
           them
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           ,
           for
           the
           present
           were
           unwilling
           to
           make
           any
           farther
           Discovery
           till
           their
           Mines
           of
           Peru
           and
           Mexico
           were
           exhausted
           ,
           or
           as
           others
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           politically
           fearful
           that
           if
           the
           Riches
           of
           the
           Country
           should
           be
           exposed
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           an
           Allure
           to
           encourage
           a
           Foreign
           Invader
           ,
           Poverty
           preserving
           ,
           Riches
           oftentimes
           the
           cause
           that
           Property
           is
           lost
           ,
           usurped
           and
           invaded
           ;
           but
           whether
           it
           be
           this
           or
           that
           reason
           time
           will
           discover
           .
        
         
           The
           Natives
           of
           the
           Country
           are
           from
           time
           immemorial
           ,
           
             ab
             Origine
             Indians
          
           ,
           of
           a
           deep
           Chesnut
           Colour
           ,
           their
           Hair
           black
           and
           streight
           ;
           tied
           various
           ways
           ,
           sometimes
           oyl'd
           and
           painted
           ,
           stuck
           through
           with
           Feathers
           for
           ▪
           Ornament
           or
           Gallantry
           ;
           their
           Eyes
           black
           and
           sparkling
           ,
           little
           or
           no
           Hair
           on
           their
           Chins
           ,
           well
           limb'd
           and
           featured
           ,
           
           painting
           their
           Faces
           with
           different
           Figures
           of
           a
           red
           or
           sanguine
           Colour
           ,
           whether
           for
           Beauty
           or
           to
           render
           themselves
           formidable
           to
           their
           Enemies
           I
           could
           not
           learn.
           They
           are
           excellent
           Hunters
           ;
           their
           Weapons
           the
           Bow
           and
           Arrow
           ,
           made
           of
           a
           Read
           ,
           pointed
           with
           sharp
           Stones
           ,
           or
           Fish
           Bones
           ;
           their
           Cloathing
           Skins
           of
           the
           Bear
           or
           Deer
           ,
           the
           Skin
           drest
           after
           their
           Country
           Fashion
           .
        
         
           Manufactures
           ,
           or
           Arts
           amongst
           them
           I
           have
           heard
           of
           none
           ,
           only
           little
           Baskets
           made
           of
           painted
           Reeds
           and
           Leather
           drest
           sometimes
           with
           black
           and
           red
           Chequers
           coloured
           .
           In
           Medicine
           ,
           or
           the
           Nature
           of
           Simples
           ,
           some
           have
           an
           exquisite
           Knowledge
           ;
           and
           in
           the
           Cure
           of
           
             Scorbutick
             ,
             Venereal
          
           ,
           and
           
             Malignant
             Distempers
          
           are
           admirable
           :
           In
           all
           
             External
             Diseases
          
           they
           suck
           the
           part
           affected
           with
           many
           
             Incantations
             ,
             Philtres
          
           and
           Charms
           :
           In
           
             Amorous
             Intrigues
          
           they
           are
           excellent
           either
           to
           procure
           Love
           or
           Hatred
           :
           They
           are
           not
           very
           forward
           in
           Discovery
           of
           their
           Secrets
           ,
           which
           by
           long
           Experience
           are
           religiously
           transmitted
           and
           conveyed
           in
           a
           continued
           Line
           from
           one
           Generation
           to
           another
           ,
           for
           which
           those
           skill'd
           in
           this
           Faculty
           are
           held
           in
           great
           Veneration
           
           and
           Esteem
           ,
           Their
           Religion
           chiefly
           consists
           in
           the
           Adoration
           of
           the
           Sun
           and
           Moon
           :
           At
           the
           Appearance
           of
           the
           
             New
             Moon
          
           I
           have
           observed
           them
           with
           open
           extended
           Arms
           then
           folded
           ,
           with
           inclined
           Bodies
           ,
           to
           make
           their
           Adorations
           with
           much
           Ardency
           and
           Passion
           :
           They
           are
           divided
           into
           many
           Divisions
           or
           Nations
           ,
           Govern'd
           by
           Reguli
           ,
           or
           Petty
           Princes
           ,
           which
           our
           English
           call
           Cacicoes
           :
           Their
           Diet
           is
           of
           
             Fish
             ,
             Flesh
          
           ,
           and
           Fowl
           ,
           with
           Indian
           Maiz
           or
           Corn
           ;
           their
           Drink
           Water
           ,
           yet
           Lovers
           of
           the
           Spirits
           of
           Wine
           and
           Sugar
           .
           They
           have
           hitherto
           lived
           in
           good
           Correspondence
           and
           Amity
           with
           the
           English
           ,
           who
           by
           their
           just
           and
           equitable
           Cariage
           have
           extreamly
           winn'd
           and
           obliged
           them
           ;
           Justice
           being
           exactly
           and
           impartially
           administred
           ,
           prevents
           Jealousies
           ,
           and
           maintains
           between
           them
           a
           good
           Understanding
           ,
           that
           the
           Neighbouring
           Indians
           are
           very
           kind
           and
           serviceable
           ,
           doing
           our
           Nation
           such
           Civilities
           and
           good
           Turns
           as
           lie
           in
           their
           Power
           .
        
         
           This
           Country
           was
           first
           discover'd
           by
           Sir
           
             Sebastian
             Cabott
          
           ,
           by
           the
           order
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           expence
           of
           King
           Henry
           VII
           .
           from
           which
           Discovery
           our
           
           Successive
           Princes
           have
           held
           their
           Claim
           ,
           in
           pursuance
           to
           which
           ,
           in
           the
           Seventeenth
           Year
           of
           His
           Majesties
           Reign
           it
           was
           granted
           unto
           his
           Grace
           George
           Duke
           of
           Albemarle
           ,
           unto
           the
           Right
           Honourable
           Edward
           Earl
           of
           
             Clarendon
             ,
             William
          
           Earl
           of
           
             Craven
             ,
             John
          
           Lord
           
             Berkley
             ,
             Anthony
          
           Lord
           Ashley
           ,
           now
           Earl
           of
           Shaftsbury
           ,
           to
           the
           Honourable
           Sir
           
             George
             Carteret
          
           ,
           and
           Sir
           
             John
             Colleton
          
           Knights
           and
           Baronetts
           ,
           to
           Sir
           
             William
             Berkley
          
           Knight
           ,
           with
           a
           full
           and
           plenipotentiary
           Power
           ,
           to
           Colonize
           ,
           Enact
           Laws
           ,
           Execute
           Justice
           ,
           &c.
           
           The
           Regalia's
           of
           Premier
           Sovereignty
           only
           reserved
           .
           The
           Principal
           place
           where
           the
           English
           are
           now
           settled
           lies
           scituated
           on
           a
           point
           of
           Land
           about
           two
           Leagues
           from
           the
           Sea
           ,
           between
           Ashly
           and
           Cooper
           Rivers
           ,
           so
           named
           in
           Honour
           to
           the
           Right
           Honourable
           the
           Earl
           of
           Shaftsbury
           ,
           a
           great
           Patron
           to
           the
           Affairs
           of
           Carolina
           .
           The
           place
           called
           
             Charles
             Town
          
           ,
           by
           an
           express
           Order
           from
           the
           Lord
           Proprietors
           in
           the
           Year
           One
           thousand
           six
           hundred
           and
           eighty
           ,
           their
           Ordnance
           and
           Ammunition
           being
           removed
           thither
           from
           
             Old
             Charles
             Town
          
           ,
           which
           lay
           about
           a
           League
           higher
           from
           Ashly
           
           River
           ,
           both
           for
           its
           Strength
           and
           Commerce
           It
           's
           very
           commodiously
           scituated
           from
           many
           other
           Navigable
           Rivers
           that
           lie
           near
           it
           on
           which
           the
           Planters
           are
           seated
           ;
           by
           the
           Advantage
           of
           Creeks
           ,
           which
           have
           a
           Communication
           from
           one
           great
           River
           to
           another
           ;
           at
           the
           Tide
           or
           Ebb
           the
           Planters
           may
           bring
           their
           Commodities
           to
           the
           Town
           as
           to
           the
           Common
           Market
           and
           Magazine
           both
           for
           Trade
           and
           Shipping
           .
           The
           Town
           is
           regularly
           laid
           out
           into
           large
           and
           capacious
           Streets
           ,
           which
           to
           Buildings
           is
           a
           great
           Ornament
           and
           Beauty
           .
           In
           it
           they
           have
           reserved
           convenient
           places
           for
           Building
           of
           a
           Church
           ,
           Town-House
           and
           other
           Publick
           Structures
           ,
           an
           Artillery
           Ground
           for
           the
           Exercise
           of
           their
           Militia
           ,
           and
           Wharfs
           for
           the
           Convenience
           of
           their
           Trade
           and
           Shipping
           .
           At
           our
           being
           there
           was
           judged
           in
           the
           Country
           a
           1000
           or
           1200
           Souls
           ;
           but
           the
           great
           Numbers
           of
           Families
           from
           
             England
             ,
             Ireland
             ,
             Berbadoes
             ,
             Jamaica
             ,
          
           and
           the
           Caribees
           ,
           which
           daily
           Transport
           themselves
           thither
           ,
           have
           more
           than
           doubled
           that
           Number
           .
           The
           Commodities
           of
           the
           Country
           as
           yet
           proper
           for
           England
           ,
           are
           Furrs
           and
           Cedar
           :
           
           For
           
             Berbadoes
             ,
             Jamaica
          
           and
           the
           Caribbee
           Islands
           ,
           Provisions
           ,
           Pitch
           ,
           Tarr
           and
           Clapboard
           ,
           for
           which
           they
           have
           in
           Exchange
           
             Sugar
             ,
             Rumm
             ,
             Melasses
          
           and
           Ginger
           ,
           &c.
           such
           things
           which
           are
           proper
           and
           requisite
           for
           the
           Planter
           to
           be
           stored
           with
           before
           he
           leaves
           England
           for
           his
           better
           Settlement
           there
           at
           his
           Arrival
           ,
           chiefly
           Servants
           :
           All
           kind
           of
           Iron
           Work
           for
           the
           clearing
           of
           Land
           ,
           pruning
           of
           Vines
           ,
           for
           the
           Kitchen
           and
           for
           Building
           .
           Commodities
           proper
           for
           the
           Merchant
           to
           Transport
           thither
           for
           his
           Advantage
           ,
           Cloathing
           of
           all
           kinds
           ,
           both
           Linnen
           and
           Woollen
           ,
           Hats
           ,
           Stockins
           ,
           Shoes
           ;
           all
           kind
           of
           Ammunition
           ,
           Guns
           ,
           Fowling-pieces
           ,
           Powder
           ,
           Match
           ,
           Bullet
           ,
           Nails
           ,
           Locks
           &
           Knives
           ;
           all
           Haberdashers
           Ware
           ;
           Cordage
           ,
           and
           Sails
           for
           Shipping
           ,
           Spirits
           and
           Spices
           ,
           viz.
           Cloves
           ,
           Nutmegs
           ▪
           and
           Cinnamon
           .
           Finally
           ,
           to
           encourage
           People
           to
           Transport
           themselves
           thither
           ,
           the
           Lord
           Proprietors
           give
           unto
           all
           Masters
           and
           Mistresses
           of
           Families
           ,
           to
           their
           Children
           ,
           Men-Servants
           and
           Maid-Servants
           ,
           if
           above
           sixteen
           years
           of
           Age
           ,
           fifty
           to
           all
           such
           under
           forty
           Acres
           of
           Land
           to
           be
           held
           for
           ever
           ,
           annually
           paying
           a
           Peny
           an
           Acre
           to
           
           the
           Lord
           Proprietors
           to
           commence
           in
           2
           Years
           after
           it
           's
           survey'd
           .
        
         
           Sir
           ,
           Thus
           in
           an
           Abstract
           I
           have
           given
           you
           the
           Draught
           of
           this
           excellent
           Country
           ,
           begining
           with
           its
           Name
           ,
           Scituation
           ,
           &c.
           and
           when
           first
           settled
           ,
           regularly
           proceeding
           to
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           Soil
           ,
           Quality
           of
           the
           Air
           ,
           the
           Diseases
           and
           Longaevity
           of
           its
           Inhabitants
           ,
           the
           Rarity
           of
           its
           produce
           in
           
             Trees
             ,
             Fruits
             ,
             Roots
          
           and
           
             Herbs
             ,
             Beasts
             ,
             Fish
             ,
             Fowl
          
           and
           Insects
           ;
           the
           Nature
           and
           Disposition
           of
           the
           Indians
           ,
           the
           Progress
           the
           English
           have
           made
           since
           their
           first
           Settlement
           ,
           what
           Commodities
           they
           abound
           with
           ,
           in
           what
           defective
           ;
           in
           all
           which
           from
           the
           Truth
           I
           have
           neither
           swerved
           nor
           varied
           :
           Indeed
           in
           some
           other
           things
           I
           might
           have
           farther
           enlarged
           and
           expatiated
           ,
           which
           I
           shall
           refer
           to
           a
           Personal
           Discourse
           ,
           when
           I
           have
           the
           Honour
           to
           wait
           upon
           you
           again
           ;
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           I
           am
        
         
           
             Your
             humble
             Servant
             
               T.
               A.
            
             
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
         
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A25996-e470
           
             *
             It
             's
             a
             little
             creature
             feeding
             on
             Sweet
             Herbs
             ,
             whose
             Codds
             scent
             as
             sweet
             and
             strong
             as
             Musk
             ,
             lasting
             a
             long
             time
             ,
             if
             handsomly
             inclosed
             in
             Cotton
             Wooll
             .
          
        
      
    
  

