item: #1 of 98 id: ajiss-106 author: Widigdo, Mohammad Syifa Amin title: Aristotelian Dialectic, Medieval Jadal, and Medieval Scholastic Disputation date: 2018 words: 9816 flesch: 49 summary: For example, Imam al-Ḥaramayn clarified, one cannot say “Injustice is truth,” because the term “truth” here is attached to a pejorative term.53 In turn, the attempt to search for the truth (with the meaning of “certainty” or “fixed- ness”) is not only limited to dialectic (jadal) in the study of Islamic legal tradition (al-sharīʿah) but also in the study of theology (al-tawḥīd).54 Ibn Ḥazm (d. 456/1063) published his jadal work entitled al-Taqrīb li ḥadd al-manṭiq wa al-madkhal ilayhi bi al-alfāẓ al-ʿāmmīyah wa al-amthilah al-fiqhīyah. keywords: argument; aristotelian; aristotle; deduction; dialectic; disputation; greek; islamic; jadal; medieval; muslim; opponent; premises; refutation; thesis; truth cache: ajiss-106.pdf plain text: ajiss-106.txt item: #2 of 98 id: ajiss-1238 author: Jackson, Sherman A. title: Not Truth But Tolerance: A (Much Belated) Response to Atif Khalil date: 2011 words: 7353 flesch: 52 summary: Of course, notable differences in the historical, political and institution- al context in which they wrote underwrite obvious differences between the outlook, concerns, and approach of al-Ghāzalī and Locke. I cited: “fsr … and tafsîr is to uncover the meaning of a difficult expression (wa al-tafsîr kashf al-murâd ‘an al-ḷafz al-mushkil).”24 Again, my point was not that tafsīr never en- tailed eisegesis. keywords: fayṣal; ghâzalî; islam; jackson; khalil; point; professor; reason; tolerance; truth cache: ajiss-1238.pdf plain text: ajiss-1238.txt item: #3 of 98 id: ajiss-1662 author: Siddiqui, Dilnawaz A. title: Editorial date: 2005 words: 1658 flesch: 41 summary: Muslim nations are trying to address their internal weaknesses and build upon their strengths. The paper is quite timely, for with the rapidly developing fields of medical sci- ences, new issues are calling for collective ummatic ijtihad. keywords: islamic; muslim; need; truth; ummah; world cache: ajiss-1662.pdf plain text: ajiss-1662.txt item: #4 of 98 id: ajiss-2136 author: Sabet, Amr G. E. title: Paradise Lost: By C.A.O. van Nieuwenhuijze, Leiden: Brill, 1997, 421 pp. date: 1999 words: 4887 flesch: 42 summary: One such instance, discussed rather extensively by van Nieuwenhuijze, is the “development” policies adopted by many Arab/Muslim countries, which in their subsequently exposed irrelevance turned out to reflect nothing more than a Westem worldview of economism, a view which ignores the “noneco- nomic” realities of the recipient societies (p. 11). Fundamentalists, according to van Nieuwenhuijze, are no solution to this problem. keywords: chapter; dialogue; identity; interaction; islam; islamic; nieuwenhuijze; truth; van; west cache: ajiss-2136.pdf plain text: ajiss-2136.txt item: #5 of 98 id: ajiss-2216 author: Nasim, Omar title: Toward an Islamic Aesthetic Theory date: 1998 words: 10313 flesch: 60 summary: Here is a modest effort to realize a part of her dream of a philosophy of Islamic art. i t y extends from the Absolute a priori sources of Islamic art. keywords: absolute; aesthetic; art; autonomy; beauty; form; god; islamic; kant; kantian; music; object; piece; reality; revelation; theory; truth cache: ajiss-2216.pdf plain text: ajiss-2216.txt item: #6 of 98 id: ajiss-2245 author: al-‘Alwani, Taha Jabir title: The Asian Renaissance: By Anwar Ibrahim. Malaysia: Times Books Internalional, 1996, 159pp. date: 1997 words: 2074 flesch: 60 summary: He never sadiced Truth for the sake of udab and I believe Anwar endeavors to follow the ethics of prophethood in this matter. Anwar envisions that a democracy based on spiritual realities will look quite different from its senti- mental, secular counterpart. keywords: anwar; east; god; renaissance; truth cache: ajiss-2245.pdf plain text: ajiss-2245.txt item: #7 of 98 id: ajiss-2251 author: El-Ansary, Waleed title: THE SPIRITUAL SIGNIFICANCE OF JIHAD IN ECONOMICS date: 1997 words: 16125 flesch: 62 summary: Indeed, neoclassical theory maintains that a spiritual j M is not only unnecessary but impossible. Neoclassical theory, then, denies the spiritual jihi?td in favor of this “jWd in reverse,” subordinating all goods to utility rather than to God. keywords: absolute; cause; choice; economics; evil; god; good; homo; ibid; islamic; love; man; qualitative; schuon; soul; theory; things; truth; utility; virtue cache: ajiss-2251.pdf plain text: ajiss-2251.txt item: #8 of 98 id: ajiss-2281 author: al-'Alwani, Taha Jabir title: THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC lJTIHAD IN THE REGULATION AND CORRECTION OF CAPITAL MARKETS date: 1997 words: 13862 flesch: 54 summary: Precise understanding of Islamic principles must inform both disciplines to establish the true complementarity between them and successfully apply the Islamic paradigm to economic problems. The solution must, therefore, come from the epistemo- logical and methodological point of view which carefully defines and applies Islamic principles, not tuqliil of the West. keywords: absolute; approach; capital; economics; god; good; islamic; man; market; needs; principles; qur’an; requires; role; sciences; social; theory; time; truth; utility; values cache: ajiss-2281.pdf plain text: ajiss-2281.txt item: #9 of 98 id: ajiss-2472 author: Safi, Louay title: Towards a Unified Approach to the Shari'ah and Social Inference date: 1993 words: 7426 flesch: 44 summary: Thus it is safe to say that the complete exclusion of revelation from the realm of science is not due to any inherent contradictions between the universal elements of revelation and Teason, but can be attributed to the intemal con- tradictions between reason and western revelation and the internal conflict between the western scientific movement and the Christian church. This can be done by incorporating information about the nature of individual and collective action and inter- action; and b) the application of universal rules requires knowledge of existing conditions. keywords: action; approach; islamic; knowledge; order; principles; reality; revelation; rules; science; social; truth; western cache: ajiss-2472.pdf plain text: ajiss-2472.txt item: #10 of 98 id: ajiss-2666 author: Kamali, Mohammad Hashim title: The Approved and Disapproved Varieties of Ra’y (Personal Opinion) In Islam date: 1990 words: 13523 flesch: 60 summary: Similarly zakih (legal alms) according to the Biitiniyah means purification of the soul, and s u m (fasting) means abstaining from evil; junnuh (paradise) is held to mean the sweet smell of 35Abu Ism Ibrahim al-shitjbi, Al-Muwiijhqiitfi Vqd al-m, ed., Mdpmmad Hasanayn 361bn Qayyim, Z'kzm, II, 230. The good intentions behind bid'ah are, however, of no account, as al-shfttjbi explains, because the innovator amgates to himself the authority of the Lawgiver in such a manner as to frustrate the objectives of the law.31 Bid'ah is divided into two types, namely genuine bid'ah (al-bid'ah al- keywords: bid'ah; bid'uh; freedom; god; hamdard; ibn; islamabad; islamic; karachi; opinion; prophet; qur’an; right; social; speech; sunnah; truth; type; university; views cache: ajiss-2666.pdf plain text: ajiss-2666.txt item: #11 of 98 id: ajiss-2713 author: Tilde, Aliyu Usman title: A Critique of lslamization of the Sciences: Its Philosophy and Methodology date: 1989 words: 3454 flesch: 71 summary: The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences Vol. 6, No. 1. 1989 201 Views and Comments A Critique of lslamization of the Sciences: Its Philosophy and Methodology Aliyu Usman Tilde I agree that all efforts shouJd be made to deprive Science as much as possible of its present materialistic philosophy because we Muslims today are only dragged into sharing the evils of the struggle between Science and Religion which took place in Europe and in which we never participated. The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences Vol. 6, No. keywords: islamic; qur'an; reason; religion; science; truth; vol cache: ajiss-2713.pdf plain text: ajiss-2713.txt item: #12 of 98 id: ajiss-593 author: Ahsan, Abbas title: God beyond the Boundary-Stones of Thought date: 2020 words: 21557 flesch: 58 summary: His ability and will to create such truths implies that He transcends them. This means that God is neither confined nor compelled to act in accordance with such truths. keywords: case; contradiction; experience; god; knowledge; laws; logic; mind; non; reference; relative; relativism; sense; statements; thought; truth; world cache: ajiss-593.pdf plain text: ajiss-593.txt item: #13 of 98 id: app01-3923 author: Bayer, Jan title: ON CONSTRUCTION OF A RELIABLE GROUND TRUTH FOR EVALUATION OF VISUAL SLAM ALGORITHMS date: 2016 words: 3286 flesch: 58 summary: The presented approach to ground truth construc- tion is somehow similar to the task of structure-from- motion studied in computer vision community. ATE is given as: Fi = Q−1i SPi, (1) where Q−1i is transformation matrix, which maps (i + 1)th point of ground truth to ith point of ground truth. keywords: frame; ground; ground truth; localization; rgb; slam; trajectory; truth cache: app01-3923.pdf plain text: app01-3923.txt item: #14 of 98 id: armfolangl-4635 author: Kojoyan, Ani title: Stylistic Peculiarities of Contextual Hyperbole in Sherwood Anderson’s “The Book of the Grotesque” and “Godliness” date: 2010 words: 3618 flesch: 67 summary: Observing instances, when hyperbole is combined with other stylistic devices in the context of Anderson’s short stories, the following types have been distinguished: mixed hyperbole (hyperbole combined with other stylistic means, shaped as instances of simi- le, pun, antonomasia, irony, personification, etc.), non-mixed hyperbole (hyperbole which is not combined with any other stylistic device) and biblical allusive hyperbole. The study of hyperbole in Sherwood Anderson’s shortstories is of great importance as hyperbole is a very powerful stylistic means which favors the formation of the writer’s individual style at the same time emphasizing its peculiarities. keywords: anderson; god; hyperbole; jesse; stories; truth; word cache: armfolangl-4635.pdf plain text: armfolangl-4635.txt item: #15 of 98 id: armfolangl-4717 author: Andrijaseviæ, Janko title: Literature and Medicine: Asperger Syndrome in Mark Haddon’s Novel “The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time” date: 2009 words: 3564 flesch: 70 summary: However, it is probably not that all of us who identified with Christopher tend to have anything similar to AS, it is just that all of us have been in situations of great tension like Christopher, and because, apparently, “there is something more wrong with the people around Christopher than with him” (Weich 2003).4 And had we met Christopher face to face, or read the detailed medical accounts of AS, we certainly would not have got such an emphatic understanding of a person suffering from this disability as we do reading Haddon’s book. In this novel written in a very simple, “clipped” (Weich 2003) style, Mark Haddon has managed to make the reader “slip inside his [Christopher’s] head, and it seems like the most natural thing in the world” (Weich 2003).2 keywords: asperger; christopher; haddon; literature; people; syndrome; truth cache: armfolangl-4717.pdf plain text: armfolangl-4717.txt item: #16 of 98 id: armfolangl-4774 author: Sahakyan, Paruyr title: Frederic Conybeare’s Translation of Hovhannes Yerets Khnusetsi’s “The Key of Truth” date: 2007 words: 5886 flesch: 49 summary: Because, as I at the first told thee, they are the heritors of their father’s deceit; and through the spirit of that same evil one they ever and always ordain false laws and false precepts. Even Our Lord, speaking about them, warned in his preaching: “Take care not to be misled by false prophets who will approach you in sheep’s hide, but are wolves inside. keywords: /qfactor; /quality; /tileheight; /tilewidth; adobe; armenian; christ; key; truth cache: armfolangl-4774.pdf plain text: armfolangl-4774.txt item: #17 of 98 id: asw-1970 author: Androff, David K. title: Adaptations of Truth and Reconciliation Commissions in the North American Context: Local Examples of a Global Restorative Justice Intervention date: 2012 words: 5958 flesch: 46 summary: TRCs are relevant to social work in the problems that they respond to and seek to ameliorate, such as assisting disempowered and vulnerable populations, confronting racism, and improving the social welfare of victims of violence and oppression; their methods, such as community practice, civic engagement, narrative recovery from trauma; and their goals, such as reconciliation and peace-building, building strong sustainable communities, and promoting social justice and human rights. Civil society groups have influenced the work of many TRCs to ensure their responsiveness and sensitivity to victims groups, women’s groups, and children. keywords: androff; community; greensboro; gtrc; justice; north; reconciliation; social; trcs; truth; victims; work cache: asw-1970.pdf plain text: asw-1970.txt item: #18 of 98 id: at-1652 author: Foshaugen, E. K. title: Forum: Attempting a dialectical reconciliation of the concept truth in the objectivism of evangelical Christianity and the relativism of postmodernism date: 2004 words: 2736 flesch: 56 summary: God is Objective Truth and has become involved in history: in the existential; in the material setting of our relative and infallible thoughts and the slanted interpretative experiences of the Triune God and life. Having an unpresumptuous and informed concept of objective truth hopefully ensures that we are more shaped by truth than shaping truth. keywords: concept; experience; god; truth; unity cache: at-1652.pdf plain text: at-1652.txt item: #19 of 98 id: at-2177 author: de Vos, J. S. title: Paul and sophistic rhetoric: a perspective on his argumentation in the Letter to the Galations date: 2007 words: 10352 flesch: 59 summary: In his book he not only describes Paul’s rhetorical Acta Theologica Supplementum 9 2007 31 Vos Paul and sophistic rhetoric 32 strategies but also attempts to evaluate them. If a critical reader would have had the traditional anti-sophistic arsenal at his disposal he would have attributed to Paul all the characteristics of a sophist: an impostor who had deviated from the truth, deceiving the Galatians with human inventions, bewitching them with dark arguments and spurious Vos Paul and sophistic rhetoric 36 4 Cf. keywords: analysis; argumentation; arguments; betz; galatians; god; gospel; law; letter; means; paul; perspective; reader; rhetoric; theology; truth; view; vos cache: at-2177.pdf plain text: at-2177.txt item: #20 of 98 id: at-2580 author: Villegas, Diana L. title: Catherine of Siena's wisdom on discernment and her reception of scripture date: 2013 words: 7696 flesch: 61 summary: Catherine herself repeated many times that God was the 11 While there is debate regarding how much Latin Catherine knew, the foregoing example shows she knew enough to interpret familiar texts. English citations of The Letters are from Catherine f Siena (2000-2008). keywords: capacity; catherine; charity; che; dialogue; discernment; god; knowledge; light; non; scripture; self; siena; teaching; truth; understanding; wisdom cache: at-2580.pdf plain text: at-2580.txt item: #21 of 98 id: at-2581 author: Camilleri, C. title: Pavel Aleksadrovic Florenskij's method of discerning spiritual truth date: 2013 words: 7263 flesch: 59 summary: In Gamlet, Florenskij purports to experience (опыт) in a dialectical manner. It presents the Russian polymath’s method within his socio- political and ecclesiastical contexts and two of his works, namely his magnum opus entitled The pillar and ground of truth, and his lecture Reason and dialectics, both of which are significant for interpreting Florenskij’s thought. keywords: 2012; camilleri; church; context; dialectic; discernment; experience; florenskij; god; life; method; new; orthodox; pavel; pillar; truth; valentini; way; wisdom; world cache: at-2581.pdf plain text: at-2581.txt item: #22 of 98 id: at-2717 author: Urbaniak, J. title: Religions as a source of (dis)order date: 2015 words: 7907 flesch: 52 summary: The common denominator of these two perversions of religious order is that each of them in one way or another deems human rationality, and especially the capacity to discern, untrustworthy. In analogy to the previous point, let’s then explore the positive and negative aspects of religious plurality, first in terms of world religions conceived of as a source of order. IA. keywords: believers; dis)order; god; küng; new; order; reality; religions; self; source; taylor; trust; truth; world cache: at-2717.pdf plain text: at-2717.txt item: #23 of 98 id: at-3857 author: England, F. title: MIHI QUAESTIO FACTUS SUM (“I HAVE BECOME A QUESTION TO MYSELF”, AUGUSTINE: CONFESSIONS X. XXXIII):: FICTION AND TRUTH-SEEKING IN THEOLOGY. date: 2019 words: 8368 flesch: 49 summary: And if this is so, then, if one may inflect the argument, the objects of knowledge in their givenness not only are available to human selves, but human selves also are participant knowers as other givens of what may be known, as well as fellow participant inquirers as to what is true. If one admits such an instability of being human, then these deeply disconsolate thoughts bruise, if not break, the self-betraying – yet noble – charms of “authenticity” and “honesty”, of the reality of a veritable “true self”, with which, inter alia, philosophers and theologians perennially, and more recently, psychoanalysts and psychotherapists, have enticed, and continue to entice, aporetic humanity, and who, as a result, have sanctioned the production of disingenuous human selves, who, probably all too often, are quite unaware that the palpable emotional sincerity with which they defend their newly grasped or rediscovered “selves” merely betrays its own deceptive shallowness. keywords: acta; christian; god; heidegger; human; lear; london; meaning; mystery; persons; roth; self; truth; world; wrong; zuidervaart cache: at-3857.pdf plain text: at-3857.txt item: #24 of 98 id: at-5893 author: Smit, D.J. title: Schism – and Reformed theology? date: 2021 words: 8294 flesch: 62 summary: According to Kromminga, “Reformed churches have upgraded secession at the expense of unity”.9 This dates back to Calvin’s own horror at the divisions and schisms in the church of his time, but it dramatically intensified over the centuries of further division and schism in and between the churches of the Reformed tradition.10 In July 2017, during the 500-year commemoration of the Reformation in Wittenberg, the Lutheran World Federation and the World Communion of Reformed Churches together signed the Wittenberg Witness during the ecumenical worship service in Wittenberg. In almost every instance, separation is pictured as separation from unbelief; seldom if ever is it thought of by the seceders as a rending of the church … Reformed churches have not lagged behind … in this regard … (T)hey have divided frequently and easily, with well-developed arguments to support their actions. keywords: calvin; catholicity; church; churches; communion; confession; eds; example; kerk; reformed; schism; smit; south; theological; theology; truth; unity; van; world cache: at-5893.pdf plain text: at-5893.txt item: #25 of 98 id: at-5991 author: Foshaugen, EK title: Worship and spirituality as a praxis-orientated apologetic in a post-modern world (the New Age) - an incarnational engaged approach date: 1999 words: 4125 flesch: 57 summary: 7 Foshaugen Worship and spirituality Postmodern Christian theology must analyse, explicate, and critique rationalism by substantiating the impossibility of reason apart from presupposing God; it rejects fideism and seclusion because it demonstrates that God is the basis for rationality. The life of the Church, the worship and spirituality of Christians is what will give Christian truth claims integrity, credibility, veraciousness and intelligibility. keywords: christian; church; god; jesus; postmodernism; spirituality; truth; world; worship cache: at-5991.pdf plain text: at-5991.txt item: #26 of 98 id: atpp-1019 author: Gardner, Susan T. title: Communicating Toward Personhood date: 2018 words: 5781 flesch: 56 summary: What kind of com- municative style would fuel such bridging social connectivity? ANALYTIC TEACHING AND PHILOSOPHICAL PRAXIS Vol. 29 No.1 1 Communicating Toward Personhood Susan T. Gardner ABSTRACT: Marshalling a mind-numbing array of data, Harvard political scientist Robert D. Putnam, in his book Bowling Alone, shows that on virtually every conceivable measure, civic participation, or what he refers to as “social capital,” is plummeting to levels not seen for almost 100 years. keywords: bridging; capital; humans; inquiry; putnam; thinking; truth; vol; way cache: atpp-1019.pdf plain text: atpp-1019.txt item: #27 of 98 id: atpp-1056 author: Hall, Richard title: The Clifford/James Debate date: 2018 words: 8152 flesch: 59 summary: “The question of having moral beliefs at all or not having them is decided by our will,” maintains James. But above all it is religious beliefs that James is particularly anxious to vindicate, a vindication that would be continued later in his Varieties. keywords: belief; choice; clifford; error; evidence; faith; james; moral; nature; option; truth cache: atpp-1056.pdf plain text: atpp-1056.txt item: #28 of 98 id: brain-308 author: Garrido, Angel title: A Brief History of Fuzzy Logic date: 2012 words: 4519 flesch: 56 summary: You might think that fuzzy logic is quite recent and what has worked for a short time, but its origins date back at least to the Greek philosophers and especially Plato (428-347 B.C.). It was in 1971 when he published his “Quantitative Fuzzy Semantics”, in which appeared the formal elements that led to the methodology of fuzzy logic and its applications, as known today. keywords: logic; new; research; sets; systems; theory; truth; vagueness; zadeh cache: brain-308.pdf plain text: brain-308.txt item: #29 of 98 id: caste-265 author: Das, Snehashish title: Fracturing the Historical Continuity on Truth: Jotiba Phule in the Quest for Personhood of Shudras date: 2021 words: 9709 flesch: 54 summary: 1Ph.D Scholar, Centre for the Study of Social Systems, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi E-mail: mx.snehashish@gmail.com Fracturing the Historical Continuity on Truth: Jotiba Phule in the Quest 31 Introduction Jotirao Govindrao Phule, alias Jotiba Phule, is associated with the renaissance in Indian history; considered to be the father of modern India, and endearingly called Mahatma (great soul) within anti-caste traditions. Introducing Jotiba to masses in words means creating a readership of masses- as Jotiba Phule (1991b, pp. keywords: caste; continuity; essence; history; india; jotiba; life; marriage; peasant; personhood; phule; satyashodhak; shudras; subject; truth; woman cache: caste-265.pdf plain text: caste-265.txt item: #30 of 98 id: dianoia-10061 author: Kim, Lucia title: Issue I (Spring 2012) date: 2017 words: 23662 flesch: 62 summary: While nature provides its own rule, according to Kant, the rule for Art, is manifested through the individuals’ talent in so far as “beautiful art is only possible as a product of Genius.” As a consequence our Art is of the Moon and plays with shadows, while Greek art is of the sun and deals directly with things.14 Wilde’s views on Art seem equally applicable to Nietzsche’s criticism of the ideal. keywords: alex; art; beckett; dianoia; draper; form; foucault; godot; good; heidegger; ibid; imagination; judgment; kant; life; man; men; nature; new; philosophy; plato; pleasure; reason; self; society; taste; truth; waiting; way; work; world cache: dianoia-10061.pdf plain text: dianoia-10061.txt item: #31 of 98 id: dianoia-10464 author: Cartaya, Jazlyn title: The Representational Fallacy and the Ontology of Time date: 2018 words: 7317 flesch: 63 summary: This example successfully shows that we cannot translate tensed sentences into tenseless sentences without loss of meaning. P3: Tensed sentences have not been shown to be reducible without loss of meaning to tenseless sentences. keywords: language; reality; sentences; time; truth cache: dianoia-10464.pdf plain text: dianoia-10464.txt item: #32 of 98 id: eceasst-347 author: Mahr, Bernd title: On Judgements and Propositions date: 2010 words: 10470 flesch: 59 summary: This reading is not only the basis of his system as an intuitionistic theory of types, but is also consistent with an intuitionistic interpretation of his approach as a whole: From a meta-level perspective the written forms of judgements symbolise propositions for which his system lays down what counts as a proof.19 This is the way how he explains semantically these forms of judgements. In his conception of the notion of judgement Aristoteles takes first of all a linguistic view, but combines it with a psychological and an ontological perspective. keywords: act; aristoteles; brentano; conception; existence; frege; german; interpretation; judgement; logic; martin; object; presentation; proposition; sense; theory; truth cache: eceasst-347.pdf plain text: eceasst-347.txt item: #33 of 98 id: ejop-1509 author: Glăveanu, Vlad Petre title: Psychology in the Post-Truth Era date: 2017 words: 1742 flesch: 40 summary: Glăveanu 377 Europe's Journal of Psychology 2017, Vol. 13(3), 375–377 doi:10.5964/ejop.v13i3.1509 PsychOpen is a publishing service by Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information (ZPID), Trier, Germany. This is all the more important in relation to social media and in view of the kind of informational literacy that should be developed in new (and old) generations of users. keywords: era; information; psychology; research; truth cache: ejop-1509.pdf plain text: ejop-1509.txt item: #34 of 98 id: elementa-2805 author: Ponzio, Paolo title: Mask and Otherness between Recognition and Concealment: Notes on the Self and the You date: 2022 words: 7012 flesch: 59 summary: The wandering, for which man goes, is not something that, so to speak, passes close to man and into which he sometimes falls, as in a hole; on the contrary, wandering is part of the intrinsic constitution of being-there in which historical man is involved. There were, while he lived this “impossible” life here, many and many millions of men scattered all over the earth, who lived differently. keywords: epistemology; https://www.ledonline.it/elementa; intersections; man; mask; mystery; non; otherness; perspectives; philosophy; relationship; self; time; truth cache: elementa-2805.pdf plain text: elementa-2805.txt item: #35 of 98 id: elsya-3526 author: Wulandari, Farni title: Insight into the Theory of Truth from the Lens of Five Review Articles date: 2019 words: 3729 flesch: 56 summary: Then, criticizing the pragmatic theory of James's truth rooted in its practical use, Sanguineti notes it is true that practice can function as verification or sign of truth, but only relates to practical truth: new commercial products show themselves useful in practice; instead, the phrase 'Emperor is emperor' is true or false without practical consequences, James's theory bases itself on several principles regarding what is practical. 45-49 Available online at: http://ojs.journal.unilak.ac.id/index.php/elsya 45 Insight into the Theory of Truth from the Lens of Five Review Articles Farni Wulandari 1 ,Cendy Lauren 2 , and Anggi Resti Rahmadani 3 1 Applied Linguistics Center, Pekanbaru, Indonesia 2 High School 2 Tambang, Pekanbaru, Indonesia 3 Vocational High School 3 Pekanbaru, Indonesia farniwulandari@gmail.com ARTICLE HISTORY Received : 1 April 2019 Revised : 17 April 2019 Accepted : 27 May 2019 KEYWORDS Truth Critique Linguistics Theory Difference of Perspectives Meaning ABSTRACT As a central philosophical subject, the discourse of truth has existed for thousands of years. keywords: idea; james; knowledge; philosophy; pragmatism; theory; truth cache: elsya-3526.pdf plain text: elsya-3526.txt item: #36 of 98 id: fous-6806 author: Stettler, Matteo title: Marta Faustino and Gianfranco Ferraro (eds.), The Late Foucault: Ethical and Political Questions. London and New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2020. Pp. 304. date: 2022 words: 2621 flesch: 47 summary: The section titled ‘Government of Self, Government of Others’ moves to discussing the more properly po- litical ramifications of Foucault’s final thinking on the notions of power, government and governmentality (‘Understanding Power Through Governmentality’ by Karim Barakat), especially by bringing it in dialogue with other prominent, contemporary political theo- rists, such as Hannah Arendt (‘On Authority: A Discussion Between Michel Foucault and Hannah Arendt’ by Edgar Straehle) and Ernesto Laclau (‘Neoliberal Subjectivity at the Political Frontier’ by Matko Krce-Ivančić). Foucault, Michel, “The Concern for Truth,” in Michel Foucault: Politics, Philosophy, Culture. keywords: care; foucault; michel; self; truth; volume cache: fous-6806.pdf plain text: fous-6806.txt item: #37 of 98 id: fous-862 author: Sharpe, Matthew title: 'Critique' as Technology of the Self date: 2005 words: 9315 flesch: 46 summary: Rousseau taught Kant that metaphysics undermined rather than supported morality, alienating humans from a recognition of their own moral autonomy by hypostasising its products- the laws of human morality- as the expression of the will or 'natural law' of God.28 In both Beiser’s and Velkley’s accounts, then, Kant’s critical philosophy- conceived as decisively post-Rousseauian29- is situated as a 21 Velkley, Freedom and the End of Reason, 5 22 Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A805/B833. On the level of Kant scholarship, to read Kantian critique as an- albeit impersonal- ascetic practice, is to reinstall the ‘primacy of practical reason’ at the heart of our understanding of Kant. keywords: critique; enlightenment; ethics; foucault; kant; philosophy; question; reason; self; subjectivity; technology; truth; work cache: fous-862.pdf plain text: fous-862.txt item: #38 of 98 id: fpq-3482 author: Wesch, Samantha N title: Resisting Ilsa: Foucaultian Ethics and the Sexualization of Nazism date: 2018 words: 10949 flesch: 50 summary: Such atrocity brought forth from evil intention and exploitation of the desperate usually invokes compassion and mourning, yet the conflation of “sexy” and German fascism is so pervasive in Western media it has become mundane, and even considered an actual quality of historical Nazism. Foucault explains that what he refers to as the “Speaker’s Benefit”—performing resistance and presentation of exploration of sexualized Nazism as liberated from constraints— is itself constituted by power relations: There may be [a] reason that makes it so gratifying for us to define the rela- tionship between sex and power in terms of repression; something that one might call the speaker’s benefit. keywords: ethics; evil; fascism; foucault; good; hitler; ilsa; logic; media; nazism; new; philosophy; power; representations; sexuality; truth; vol; wesch; york cache: fpq-3482.pdf plain text: fpq-3482.txt item: #39 of 98 id: hivmed-553 author: Mendel, Gideon title: A broken landscape date: 2003 words: 1435 flesch: 64 summary: This exhibition has been a remarkable event Its presence here represents a major commitment by the South African National Gallery to people living with HIV and AIDS. The deniers revile those speaking the truth about AIDS for engaging in 'scare-mongering: They attack them as agents of an 'omnipotent apparatus' engaged in 'a massive political-commercial campaign to promote antiretroviral drugs: They condemn those speaking the truth about AIDS for a supposed campaign 'to medicalise poverty and underdevelopment:' This third crisis in AIDS had been engendered by those in our country who deny the facts about AIDS. keywords: aids; epidemic; south; truth cache: hivmed-553.pdf plain text: hivmed-553.txt item: #40 of 98 id: iberica-91 author: Alba Juez, Laura title: Emotion, lies, and “bullshit” in journalistic discourse: The case of fake news date: 2019 words: 13456 flesch: 50 summary: Meibauer (2018) notes that lying and deception play an important role in business and trade, and this is obviously the case in the business of fake news. In this article we analyze the genre of fake news within professional journalistic discourse. keywords: alba; article; brown; bullshit; data; discourse; emotion; fact; iberica; information; juez; lachlan; laura; lies; mackenzie; manipulation; media; news; people; persuasion; post; página; readers; truth; use cache: iberica-91.pdf plain text: iberica-91.txt item: #41 of 98 id: iipj-7325 author: Flisfeder, Marc A. title: A Bridge to Reconciliation: A Critique of the Indian Residential School Truth Commission date: 2010 words: 7639 flesch: 48 summary: However, the IRS TRC differs from other truth and reconciliation commissions since it has not come about in the face of political transition. A Bridge to Reconciliation: A Critique of the Indian Residential School Truth Commission Abstract In the past year, the Government of Canada has established the Indian Residential Schools (IRS) Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to address the deleterious effect that the IRS system has had on Aboriginal communities. keywords: 2008; bridge; commission; communities; irs; reconciliation; reconciliation commission; schools; system; trc; truth cache: iipj-7325.pdf plain text: iipj-7325.txt item: #42 of 98 id: iipj-7348 author: Quinn, Joanna R. title: Introductory Essay: Canada’s Own Brand of Truth and Reconciliation? date: 2011 words: 1703 flesch: 44 summary: There, they suffered unimaginable physical, sexual, and emotional abuse.4 In early 1998, in reporting on the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, then-Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Jane Stewart offered “a solemn offer of reconciliation,” which acknowledged the role of the Government of Canada in the Indian Residential Schools.5 Although there had been significant negotiation between Aboriginal groups and the churches that had, in many cases, run the schools, the Government of Canada did very little until it finally signed the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement in 2006.6 1 Ward Churchill, Kill the Indian, Save the Man (San Francisco: City Lights Books, 2004). keywords: canada; indian; reconciliation; truth cache: iipj-7348.pdf plain text: iipj-7348.txt item: #43 of 98 id: iipj-7349 author: Stanton, Kim title: Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission: Settling the Past? date: 2011 words: 10581 flesch: 48 summary: Unlike other truth commissions that have been created due to regime change, where a majority of citizens sought a truth-seeking process, Canada’s TRC arose as a result of protracted litigation by survivors of the IRS system against the government and churches that ran the schools. 40 These gaps arise from longstanding beliefs about the history and intentions of government policy, and the legacies of such policies such as cycles of dependency and negative social indicators.41 As with other truth commissions, it is not that the TRC is likely to expose facts that were previously unknown; rather, it will “make an indispensable contribution in acknowledging these facts”. keywords: aboriginal; agreement; canada; commission; government; indian; irs; process; public; reconciliation; reconciliation commission; schools; settlement; survivors; trc; truth; truth commission cache: iipj-7349.pdf plain text: iipj-7349.txt item: #44 of 98 id: iipj-7350 author: Bonner, Michelle title: The Three R’s of Seeking Transitional Justice: Reparation, Responsibility, and Reframing in Canada and Argentina date: 2011 words: 13445 flesch: 37 summary: Canadian residential schools: The demands for reparations. Of course, the transitional justice literature as a whole has replaced an 4 A partial exception is the very recent and as yet unfulfilled focus in the Canadian case on the related questions of the whereabouts of children who disappeared from residential schools and the locations on or near former school sites of unmarked graves containing the remains of children who died or were killed while attending a residential school. keywords: accountability; argentina; bonner; canada; canadian; case; commission; communities; government; justice; organizations; policy; reframing; reparation; responsibility; rights; schools; state; transitional; truth cache: iipj-7350.pdf plain text: iipj-7350.txt item: #45 of 98 id: iipj-7351 author: Czyzewski, Karina title: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada: Insights into the Goal of Transformative Education date: 2011 words: 6989 flesch: 48 summary: 9 Czyzewski: The TRC: Insights into the Goal of Transformative Education Published by Scholarship@Western, 2011 pressing for an international body that would overlook TRC processes globally and press for change post-TRC. Paper from TRC conference, University of Toronto. keywords: canada; education; goal; peoples; process; public; reconciliation; relationships; schools; system; trc; truth cache: iipj-7351.pdf plain text: iipj-7351.txt item: #46 of 98 id: iipj-7371 author: Petoukhov, Konstantin S. title: Locating a Theoretical Framework for the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission: Charles Taylor or Nancy Fraser? date: 2012 words: 8424 flesch: 42 summary: In the broader colonial context, the Canadian government perceived Indigenous cultures as less valuable than Euro-Canadian cultures, and has since continued to measure the worth of Indigenous cultures against Euro-Canadian standards, while failing to recognize the uniqueness and originality of Indigenous cultural identities. While I believe that Coulthard’s criticisms of Taylor’s theory are accurate and valid, it is necessary to apply Taylor’s theory to TRC processes in order to assess the ability of the theory to promote the recognition of Indigenous cultural identities and to account for the injustices Indigenous children suffered in residential schools. keywords: fraser; identities; injustices; people; recognition; reconciliation; residential; schools; taylor; theory; transformative; trc; truth cache: iipj-7371.pdf plain text: iipj-7371.txt item: #47 of 98 id: iipj-8061 author: Guematcha, Emmanuel title: Genocide Against Indigenous Peoples: The Experiences of the Truth Commissions of Canada and Guatemala date: 2019 words: 11273 flesch: 43 summary: Keywords genocide, cultural genocide, Indigenous Peoples, Aboriginal Peoples, international law, truth commissions, Canada, Guatemala Acknowledgments In its report, the TRC stated that Canada committed cultural genocide against Aboriginal Peoples in the context of residential schools (Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, 2015e). keywords: canada; commission; cultural; genocide; group; guatemala; law; para; peoples; reconciliation; reconciliation commission; report; residential; trc; truth; truth commission; ungc cache: iipj-8061.pdf plain text: iipj-8061.txt item: #48 of 98 id: ijccc-2136 author: Teodorescu, Horia-Nicolai L. title: On the meaning of approximate reasoning − An unassuming subsidiary to Lotfi Zadeh’s paper dedicated to the memory of Grigore Moisil − date: 2011 words: 1818 flesch: 55 summary: Denoting the set of truth values by T , the above remark by Zadeh has no effect. Moreover, when defining the truth-valuation function we already need to know the set of truth values, which again makes ineffective Zadeh’s remark. keywords: logic; set; truth; zadeh cache: ijccc-2136.pdf plain text: ijccc-2136.txt item: #49 of 98 id: ijesss-161 author: ZAINAL, Megawati title: Challenges and Opportunities for the Mission of the Churches in Indonesia in the Postmodern Era date: 2022 words: 7660 flesch: 52 summary: Mini-supra narrative from the right narrative source, namely the Bible, which was revealed by mini-narrative after mini-narrative from God (that is why supra, meaning that transcends human understanding and local context, but is conveyed in the local human language anthropomorphically) then automatically progressively into a perfectly complete narrative in Christ (Ephesians 1:9-10; Hebrews 1:1-3). Many things cannot be explained from anything found in the history of the philosophy of science in this world, including Friedrich Nietzsche's God is dead mini-narrative, which is actually a satire for faithful church members but whose faith is dead. keywords: christ; church; context; god; issn; meta; mini; mission; narrative; philosophy; postmodernism; reality; truth; world cache: ijesss-161.pdf plain text: ijesss-161.txt item: #50 of 98 id: ijhs-2080 author: Banda, Maria Matildis title: THE POWER OF TRUTH OF PARRHESIA AND PARRHESIASIST IN THE POETRY COLLECTION OF ARAKIAN BALLAD date: 2019 words: 8376 flesch: 62 summary: They have knowledge, power, conviction and authority as the truth teller expressed through their works as the form of parrhesia implementation. Manusia dan diri yang utuh. keywords: 470x; arakian; ballad; banda; book; dan; hometown; ijhs; implementation; life; memories; parrhesia; parrhesiasist; poem; poetry; power; relationship; september; truth; vol; works; yapi cache: ijhs-2080.pdf plain text: ijhs-2080.txt item: #51 of 98 id: ijidi-33678 author: Fischer, Rachel title: Facts, Truth and Post-truth: Access to Cognitively and Socially Just Information date: 2020 words: 7526 flesch: 33 summary: • Contributing to the development of skills that help citizens identify quality information; • supporting civil society, the private sector, and government to develop guidelines for best practices; • expanding the reach of oversight bodies, such as Public Relations Institute of South Africa, and collaboration with the International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC); • promoting freedom of information and access to public information as key to the role of information in development and good governance. 13 https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/ijidi/index Facts, Truth, and Post-Truth The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion, 4(3/4), 2020 The ability to generate post-truth information, that is pushed directly into our homes and personal space and echoing personal biases through social media, makes it so much more powerful. keywords: access; africa; bell; cambridge; diversity; ethics; facts; information; journal; justice; media; post; pottinger; public; south; truth cache: ijidi-33678.pdf plain text: ijidi-33678.txt item: #52 of 98 id: ijow-434 author: Givel, Michael title: Mahayana Buddhism and Gross National Happiness in Bhutan date: 2015 words: 7962 flesch: 53 summary: The psychological wellbeing domain in particular and especially as it relates to government promotion of Mahayana Buddhism, measures the degree of spiritual happiness of Bhutanese citizens in the areas of: spirituality level, prayer recitation, meditation, and consideration of Karma (Centre for Bhutan Studies 2015). Mahayana Buddhism and Gross National Happiness in Bhutan. keywords: bhutan; buddha; buddhism; gnh; happiness; karma; life; mahayana; mahayana buddhism; morgan; national; right; suffering; truth cache: ijow-434.pdf plain text: ijow-434.txt item: #53 of 98 id: ijsei-15 author: LEPCALIUC, Anamaria title: 04 Theory of Knowledge by Experts date: 2014 words: 1665 flesch: 45 summary: International Journal of Social and Educational Innovation (IJSEI) No.1/ 2014 26 John Dewey is considered by specialist reviewers as one of the most important representatives of modern American pragmatism, Dr. Dewey's scientific perspective and his arguments are largely derived from a review of the scientific method. Abstract Few thinkers have failed to score with such force of ideas, both education and policy universe during the first decades of the twentieth century, as did John Dewey. keywords: dewey; investigation; truth cache: ijsei-15.pdf plain text: ijsei-15.txt item: #54 of 98 id: il-1136 author: Hoffmann, Michael title: Limits of Truth: Exploring Epistemological Approaches to Argumentation date: 2005 words: 7491 flesch: 50 summary: Some proponents of epis- temological approaches to argumentation (Biro, Siegel, Lumer, Goldman) assume that it should be possible to develop non-relative criteria of argument evaluation. Keywords: argument evaluation and quality, standards of argumentation, epistemological approaches, relativism, objectivism, conflict, disagreement, cognitive situation, backgrouind knowledge, belief-value-system 1. keywords: argument; argumentation; criteria; evaluation; knowledge; lumer; premises; principles; siegel; situation; truth cache: il-1136.pdf plain text: il-1136.txt item: #55 of 98 id: il-2279 author: Stark, Herman E. title: The Lord Scroop Fallacy date: 2000 words: 7141 flesch: 63 summary: My claim is that these dogmas are hindering-in virtue of their content and not merely qua dogmas-students from entering the community of sanity. 10 For an extended discussion of the two sides dogma, see Trudy Govier, Are There Two sides to Every Question? in Trudy Govier, ed., Selected Issues in Logic and Communication (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1988). keywords: dogma; error; fallacy; matter; scroop; students; thought; truth; way; words cache: il-2279.pdf plain text: il-2279.txt item: #56 of 98 id: il-2320 author: Siegel, Harvey title: Schmitt's Knowledge and Belief, Schmitt's Truth: A Primer date: 1999 words: 2501 flesch: 41 summary: Roughly, then: Schmitt begins by identifying the central problem of epistemology as that of clarifying the nature of justified belief, and the relation- ship between it and true belief. He offers an instrumentalistic conception ofjustifi- cation, according to which justified belief contributes to the [epistemically good] end of true belief' (2). keywords: belief; schmitt; status; theory; truth cache: il-2320.pdf plain text: il-2320.txt item: #57 of 98 id: il-2415 author: Pinto, Robert C. title: Inconsistency, Rationality and Relativism date: 1995 words: 5440 flesch: 57 summary: If the relative importance of truths and errors can't be settled by simply appealing to their potential for generating further truths or errors, then we probably won't be able to deal with epistemic goals in isolation or abstraction from other sorts of goals. To some degree the importance of a truth (or seriousness of error) can be gauged on the basis of the number of other truths it makes accessible to us (or the number of other errors it leads us into); but it is not clear to me whether these are the only sorts of differences that bear on the importance of a truth or the seriousness of a falsehood, even when such things are judged from an epistemic point of view. keywords: fault; inconsistency; proposition; relativism; set; truth cache: il-2415.pdf plain text: il-2415.txt item: #58 of 98 id: il-2448 author: Solomon, Miriam title: Stich`s The Fragmentation of Reason: Preface to a Pragmatic Theory of Cognitive Evaluation date: 1994 words: 1987 flesch: 60 summary: Experimental work on human reasoning does not, at this time, show that humans are any better at realizing goals other than truth. The goals he suggests emphasize human goals such as health, happiness, and the welfare of one's children, which he thinks we are prob- ably biologically predisposed to value (p. 131). keywords: goals; press; stich; truth cache: il-2448.pdf plain text: il-2448.txt item: #59 of 98 id: il-2686 author: Brandon, E.P. title: Ellipsis: History and Prospects date: 1986 words: 7069 flesch: 64 summary: The first group are something of a bridge between grammatical ellipsis and the philosophers' kind-they arise from semantic reflection on syntax of the sort typical of transformationalist 'deep' structure, and in fact Jesper- sen's examples seem to belong among Allerton's (1975) 'obligatory deletions' . In describing real language use we can hardly avoid noticing the phenomena I grouped together as grammatical ellipsis, but these are equally of little or no philosophical con- cern. keywords: cases; ellipsis; language; logic; need; notion; philosophy; probability; sentences; truth; way cache: il-2686.pdf plain text: il-2686.txt item: #60 of 98 id: il-2931 author: Bondy, Patrick title: Truth and Argument Evaluation date: 2010 words: 7980 flesch: 56 summary: Truth and Argument Evaluation 143 reintroduce truth as a constraint on premise adequacy, alongside the criterion of acceptability, and he holds that in a case where a premise is false but acceptable, truth (/falsity) outweighs acceptability. Goldman restricts his discussion to ordinary factual argumen- tation (1999, p. 132), and so his theory of truth only needs to be able to accommodate truths that come up in such discourse; he neither asserts nor denies, as far as I know, that there even are truths in practical or aesthetic discourse. keywords: arguments; conclusion; evaluation; premise; proposition; purpose; theory; truth cache: il-2931.pdf plain text: il-2931.txt item: #61 of 98 id: il-3400 author: Hitchcock, David title: Inference Claims date: 2011 words: 15767 flesch: 47 summary: 2.2 Too narrow The received conception of following is much too narrow in forbidding the form that rules out true premisses and an untrue conclusion to have any content. In the remaining arguments, the conclusion would follow, if at all, in virtue of a form with con- tent that ruled out true premisses and an untrue conclusion in a non-trivial way. keywords: antecedent; argument; claim; conclusion; conditional; consequent; covering; example; generalization; hitchcock; inference; material; non; premisses; soldiers; truth cache: il-3400.pdf plain text: il-3400.txt item: #62 of 98 id: il-4021 author: Goddu, G.C. title: Logic, Truth and Inquiry date: 2013 words: 2709 flesch: 53 summary: In the first chapter, Weinstein frames the challenge of providing an adequate account of truth for argumentation theory. Chapter 6, while on the one hand a tracing out of some of the implications of Weinstein’s work for critical thinking, informal logic, and argumentation theory (and the teaching of critical thinking to undergraduates), is mostly devoted to discussions of the motivations and insights that led Weinstein towards the MET (as but one possible way to encapsulate those insights) (p. 200). keywords: inquiry; logic; truth; weinstein cache: il-4021.pdf plain text: il-4021.txt item: #63 of 98 id: il-431 author: Weinstein, Mark title: Three Naturalistic Accounts of the Epistemology of Argument date: 2008 words: 14152 flesch: 51 summary: First, fairly standard functions that map from a theory (construed as a coherent and explanatory set of sentences) onto models, that is, interpretations of theories in a domain (Appendix, 3-3.3) and a second, much more powerful set of functions, that map from other theories onto the theory, thereby enormously enriching the evidentiary base and furnishing a reinterpretation now construed in relation to a broader domain (Appendix 4-4.3). A theory, whatever its initial intended models, takes its ontological commitment in light of how the theory fares in relationship to other theories whose models it incorporates under reduction. keywords: argument; epistemology; freeman; inference; inquiry; intuition; logic; model; reduction; set; terms; theories; theory; truth cache: il-431.pdf plain text: il-431.txt item: #64 of 98 id: il-440 author: Rosen, Frederick title: The Philosophy of Error and Liberty of Thought: J.S. Mill on Logical Fallacies date: 2008 words: 13695 flesch: 60 summary: Mill granted that in the ordinary textbooks of logic fallacies were mainly confined to this category. As examples Mill listed the following: (1) England owed her industrial pre-eminence to restrictions on commerce; (2) the national debt was a cause of national prosperity; (3) England owed her prosperity to the excellence of the Church, Houses of Parliament, legal procedure, etc. keywords: aristotle; bentham; cw viii; error; example; fallacies; fallacy; liberty; logic; london; mill; philosophy; rosen; study; thought; truth; viii; whately cache: il-440.pdf plain text: il-440.txt item: #65 of 98 id: il-455 author: Pinto, Robert C. title: Evaluating Inferences: the Nature and Role of Warrants date: 2008 words: 15939 flesch: 53 summary: The virtue which good arguments exhibit on this account is formulated with reference to truth, and we might say such arguments are good just when the truth of their premisses is indicative of the truth of their conclusions. Such arguments need not be truth-preserving, but they will be entitlement- preserving. keywords: account; argument; conclusion; example; form; hitchcock; inferences; paper; pinto; practice; premisses; rules; toulmin; truth; warrants cache: il-455.pdf plain text: il-455.txt item: #66 of 98 id: il-544 author: Paglieri, Fabio title: Hansen & Pinto: Reason Reclaimed date: 2008 words: 11732 flesch: 36 summary: In this chapter, Gilbert seems to oscillate between the weaker and the stronger version of his basic claim on the relevance of intersectionality: on the one hand, he is careful in specifying that certain “laws of thought” appear to be fairly universal (e.g., “I do not intend to prove that anyone walks around believing both P and ~P in any robust manner,” p. 232); on the other hand, he repeatedly suggests that the standards for argument analysis and evaluation are themselves liable to cultural influence, and in his conclusion puts a lot of emphasis on the following statement: “If the very rules of argument preclude the free transfer of communications, then they must be changed” (p. 240). In contrast with both these claims, Groarke argues in favor of the value and autonomy of visual arguments with respect to their verbal counterparts, both on rhetorical and, much more to the point, logical grounds. keywords: analysis; argument; argumentation; blair; evidence; fallacy; johnson; objections; probability; questions; reason; truth; use cache: il-544.pdf plain text: il-544.txt item: #67 of 98 id: il-6838 author: Gascón, José Ángel title: Argumentative Bullshit date: 2021 words: 7560 flesch: 62 summary: As we will see in the next section, this requires sustaining the notion that bullshit arguments are not used as they are meant to be used, just as bullshit assertions are not used with a concern for truth. 289–308. believe they can be useful to detect bullshit assertions. keywords: argumentative; arguments; assertions; bullshit; gascón; logic; reasons; speech; truth cache: il-6838.pdf plain text: il-6838.txt item: #68 of 98 id: jah-53209 author: Jardine, David W title: The Descartes Lecture date: 2012 words: 17647 flesch: 74 summary: Therefore, the initiating presumption of our ventures out into the world is that if we want to know about the truth of that world, we have to cleave off eve- rything we want to investigate from every- thing it is attached to, every relation it has made, in order to try to get some determina- tion of what the truth of that thing is, and all the subsequent relations of that thing with other things themselves have to be clear and distinct. Hermeneutics, thus, involves a dedication to the careful, suspi- cious reading and re-reading, interpreting and re-interpreting the texts and textures of our individual and common lives and worlds. keywords: article; descartes; discourse; doubt; foundation; good; hermeneutics; jardine; journal; life; new; research; right; things; truth; way; work; world cache: jah-53209.pdf plain text: jah-53209.txt item: #69 of 98 id: jah-53308 author: Field, James Colin title: Losing the So-Called Paradigm War: Does our Confusion, Disarray, and Retreat Contribute to the Advance? date: 2017 words: 5193 flesch: 63 summary: Four problems with qualitative work are identified: making what is obvious inescapable, confusion around what constitutes qualitative research and phenomenology, uniformed and disrespectful mixing of methods, and devolution into “little t” truth. So, in this spirit, let me ask this dreadful question: What if the fact that qualitative research is “losing the war” is not simply because of some hostile take-over from science, or a creeping form of alt-right totalitarianism, (although I am sorely tempted to go with this interpretation), but because of our own failure, in far too many cases, to reveal, and to claim, boldly, courageously, something true, something that matters about being in the world and doing interpretive work? keywords: field; gadamer; hermeneutics; phenomenology; qualitative; research; truth; work cache: jah-53308.pdf plain text: jah-53308.txt item: #70 of 98 id: jah-72538 author: Grimwood, Tom title: On Covidiots and Covexperts: Stupidity and the Politics of Health date: 2021 words: 7750 flesch: 48 summary: This fluctuating frame of reference is shaped and changed by the limits of our situation and knowledge, and the ways in which such knowledge is significant to us. Furthermore, the difficulty of making this judgement is rooted in part in the inevitable link between the politics of health (how to deal with the pandemic) and the politics of expertise (how to deal with post-truth, alternative facts and fake news), as well as in part a consequence of attempting to think through immunology in the context of public health, when, as Han suggested at the start of this paper, immunology is no longer the appropriate modality for understanding a late-capitalist “achievement society” of digital communication networks. keywords: expertise; grimwood; health; hermeneutics; ignorance; journal; knowledge; kruger; pandemic; post; public; science; stupidity; truth cache: jah-72538.pdf plain text: jah-72538.txt item: #71 of 98 id: jcli-42 author: Jambet, Christian title: Four Discourses on Authority in Islam date: 2015 words: 10705 flesch: 50 summary: The very idea of expressing divine authority under the auspices of a state Caliphate power seemed to them to be in contradiction with the authentic, primitive notion of prophecy and of the just imamat, the authority of the guide. Now, according to the Qur’ran, it is only with the inexpressible essence of God that divine authority makes One. keywords: authority; discourses; god; islam; juridical; law; man; power; qur’an; religion; truth; world cache: jcli-42.pdf plain text: jcli-42.txt item: #72 of 98 id: jcli-85 author: Bown, Alfie title: Hegel the Comedian, or The Wink of Saint Vitus date: 2018 words: 6327 flesch: 62 summary: Hegel writes that such laughter: Implies an infinite light-heartedness and confidence felt by someone raised altogether above his own inner contradiction and not bitter or miserable in it at all: this is the bliss and ease of a man who, being sure of himself, can bear the frustration of his aims and achievements.5 This idea of comedy can be read as being on the side of the subject, and on the side of a traditional reading of the Hegelian dialectic and of Hegel’s work as asserting totality and completeness. Pointing to a lack of attention to Hegel’s humour, Lacan hides his insight in a throwaway comment, himself making a joke by offering his audience the chance to ignore him and misread Hegel. keywords: comedy; discourse; hegel; humour; lacan; laughter; new; psychoanalysis; truth cache: jcli-85.pdf plain text: jcli-85.txt item: #73 of 98 id: jcs-19206 author: Wang, Chenying title: Wrestling with “Will to Truth” in Early Childhood Education: Cracking Spaces for Multiplicity and Complexity Through Poetry date: 2020 words: 3416 flesch: 59 summary: You wonder: When children squabble should I step in and model conflict resolution skills that are suggested by that influential professional magazine for early childhood educators? This article intends to provoke ongoing conversations in the early childhood education context about “will to truth,” which Glenda MacNaughton regards as the intent to know and determine the “normal” and “preferred” ways to think, act, and feel as early childhood educators. keywords: childhood; children; ece; truth; waves cache: jcs-19206.pdf plain text: jcs-19206.txt item: #74 of 98 id: jital-207 author: Biçer, Furkan title: The Impact of Zero Moment of Truth (Zmot) on Smartphone Buying Decision date: 2020 words: 4889 flesch: 63 summary: In the scope of customer, understanding of consumer buying decision process has great importance. Triggered by stimulus, ZMoT and the subsequent stages are analyzed to find out relative importance of each stage in consumer buying decision in now always-connected digitized world. keywords: brand; buying; consumer; decision; moment; process; product; research; truth; zmot cache: jital-207.pdf plain text: jital-207.txt item: #75 of 98 id: jmehm-68 author: Zahedi, Farzaneh title: The challenge of truth telling across cultures: a case study date: 2011 words: 7255 flesch: 59 summary: As mentioned before, according to the major J Med Ethics Hist Med 2011, 4:11 Farzaneh Zahedi Page 4 | 11 (page number not for citation purposes) studies in the US regarding the disclosure of terminal illness to cancer patients, there was a dramatic change from 1960 to 1979, from not disclosing the truth, to full disclosure. It should be mentioned that ever-increasing knowledge and technological advancements have increased hope for all patients including cancer patients. keywords: autonomy; cancer; diagnosis; ethics; family; information; med; medical; patient; physician; telling; truth cache: jmehm-68.pdf plain text: jmehm-68.txt item: #76 of 98 id: joll-2783 author: Indriyanto, Kristiawan title: Positioning the Portrayal of White Protagonists in O.A Bushnell’s the Return of Lono and Ka’a’awa date: 2021 words: 6190 flesch: 54 summary: Based on Ho’omanawanui’s conception of Hawai’ian literature, O.A Bushnell, a Westerner is included as a figure of Hawai’ian literary scene, a convention which is scorned through Kay-Trask refusal to acknowledge non-Hawai’ian writers. Keywords: Hawai’ian literature, post-truth, colonial complicity Received: 20 August 2020 Revised: 27 October 2020 Accepted: 24 December 2020 Introduction In the closing of the year 2016, the world is moving toward the post truth era. keywords: bushnell; captain; colonialism; complicity; cook; hawai’ian; ka’a’awa; literature; lono; natives; people; post; truth cache: joll-2783.pdf plain text: joll-2783.txt item: #77 of 98 id: jsps-15 author: Amaritasari, Amaritasari title: POST TRUTH AND ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATION STUDY date: 2020 words: 5188 flesch: 48 summary: As the nature of cold war is changing after the cold war, the post cold war traditionalism and the approaches of security concept are expanding including the issue of the legitimate contestants between widening and deepening approaches, namely conventional and critical, constructivism, post colonialism, human security, critical security studies, feminism, Copenhagen School, and Post structuralism. Emancipation means that the Critical Security Study (CSS) argue that the corporeal, material existence of human beings should be the central focus of security studies: that is, security should ultimately be concerned with the real world security of human beings. keywords: asia; concept; international; journal; post; rights; securitization; security; terrorism; truth; war cache: jsps-15.pdf plain text: jsps-15.txt item: #78 of 98 id: jsta-11620 author: Pinto Machado, Marta title: On Memory and Post-Truth: Through the Family Album date: 2022 words: 5570 flesch: 56 summary: ht tp s: //d oi .o rg /1 0. 34 63 2/ js ta .2 02 2. 11 62 0 ON MEMORY AND POST-TRUTH: THROUGH THE FAMILY ALBUM MARTA PINTO MACHADO Universidade Católica Portuguesa, School of Arts martagpmachado@gmail.com ABSTRACT Facing an idea of post-truth — “post” as meaning to be beyond something, that signifies spatial distance, to go beyond the unrepresentable — and taking family history as a starting point, this article intends to understand and pluralize the Eurocentric regime of truth over non-Western narratives during the colonial period. Indeed, we can infer that the state’s ability to define and carry out its “projects”, as well as its ability to authorize official narratives of historical memory, depend on the state’s claim to power, i.e., power defines the terms of its representation and the ability to exercise it over those whose authority is claimed under those terms. keywords: history; meaning; memory; narrative; nation; representation; truth; writing cache: jsta-11620.pdf plain text: jsta-11620.txt item: #79 of 98 id: mgmt-4011 author: Spicer, André title: Shooting the shit: the role of bullshit in organisations date: 2019 words: 8501 flesch: 55 summary: Bullshit discourses can dissolve a sense of reality, leaving organisational members feeling alienated and empty. 16 no. 5, 2013, 653-666 The result is that people working within bullshit laden organisations not only develop a deep sense of cynicism, but also experience a sense of violation and harm being done to their occupational identity, and often, by implication, to themselves. keywords: bullshit; discourse; editor; life; m@n@gement; management; organisations; reality; talk; text; truth; vol; work cache: mgmt-4011.pdf plain text: mgmt-4011.txt item: #80 of 98 id: pgaf-3528 author: Kozłowski Artur title: Disinformation as a Tool Aimed at Weakening Consolidated Democracies date: 2021 words: 7208 flesch: 50 summary: So as to implement these assumptions, genuine information, not fake information, is necessary to help citizens to make conscious election decisions . The technological factor has made fake news even more widespread while creating new areas that have enabled faster distribution of fake information . keywords: content; democracies; disinformation; human; information; law; media; news; phenomenon; public; recipient; social; society; tool; truth cache: pgaf-3528.pdf plain text: pgaf-3528.txt item: #81 of 98 id: prajnavihara-1095 author: Freeland, Charles title: PHILOSOPHY AND CULTURE IN BOOK ONE OF PLATO’S REPUBLIC date: 2015 words: 9023 flesch: 60 summary: He recognizes already that the wisdom seeker will be at odds with conventional society and common opinion and that there will be dangers, Charles Freeland 109 especially when the philosopher seeks to educate others and lead them out of the cave of human political life and onto the true paths of the just life. How one has lived, what one was in the course of human life can be altered or arranged through the proper ministry of ritual. keywords: culture; greek; human; individual; justice; knowledge; life; philosophy; plato; socrates; soul; truth cache: prajnavihara-1095.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1095.txt item: #82 of 98 id: prajnavihara-1101 author: Yeping, Hu title: AUGUSTINE AND DESCARTES ON THE DIVINE LIGHT: A COMPARISON TO PLATO date: 2015 words: 8257 flesch: 69 summary: In some contrast, when Descartes meditates upon his self he too locates it in the divine light, but he does not stay there. 122-dialogue on differing asian AUGUSTINE AND DESCARTES ON THE DIVINE LIGHT: A COMPARISON TO PLATO Hu Yeping The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. Augustine and Descartes are two great figures in the history of Western philosophy, each having made his own major contribution in the field. keywords: augustine; confessions; descartes; god; light; mind; plato; soul; things; truth cache: prajnavihara-1101.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1101.txt item: #83 of 98 id: prajnavihara-1273 author: Aryal, Yubraj title: What is at Stake in the Debate on Marxism and Postmodernism? date: 2015 words: 4036 flesch: 50 summary: Its logic prevents a coherent analysis of the natural world and especially of capitalist social reality and undermines revolutionary theoretical and political struggle against capitalism. We cannot term it simply as irrelevant! Subversion and displacement of ‘naturalized and reified’ views of human truth and reality cannot be relegated merely to sheer nihilism and nothingness but have potential to herald a neo-humanist emancipation of human politics and history at the same time being critical to its goal itself. keywords: language; marxism; nihilism; postmodernism; reality; self; truth; world cache: prajnavihara-1273.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-1273.txt item: #84 of 98 id: prajnavihara-5548 author: Stamm, Mikael title: GLIMPSES OF TRUTH IN A SEA OF NESCIENCE: REFLECTIONS ON EREIGNIS IN ART IN WÖLFLI, HEIDEGGER AND ADVAITA VEDĀNTA date: 2021 words: 6545 flesch: 55 summary: 1-13. 31 Morgenthaler 1985, 13-16. 32 Impressum, “Adolf Wölfli: Werk“, adolfwoelfli.ch, Adolf Wölfli Stiftung, 20-05-2021, https://www.adolfwoelfli.ch/werk 33 Morgenthaler, 1985, p.48, and Spoerri, Elka. 2012. Adolf Wölfli Stiftung. keywords: adolf; art; beyng; figure; heidegger; mikael; nescience; self; stamm; truth; world; wölfli cache: prajnavihara-5548.pdf plain text: prajnavihara-5548.txt item: #85 of 98 id: ps-647 author: Stocchetti, Matteo title: Persona & Parrhesia: Research Notes on the Dialectics of the Real date: 2017 words: 8844 flesch: 44 summary: On pedagogical grounds, the ideal of parrhesiastic truth, inviting the individual to problematise issues of moral truth in relation to power, self, and society, seems a promising element of the critical pedagogy promoted by Paulo Freire and others (Freire 2001, 2013). a more or less impermanent result of a process in which the production, destruction, and reproduction of truth are necessary moments of dialectic tensions expressing alternative and possibly competing forms of truths, power/knowledge, and possibilities of social change. keywords: dialectics; notion; parrhesia; parrhesiastes; persona; power; problematisation; real; relation; truth cache: ps-647.pdf plain text: ps-647.txt item: #86 of 98 id: ps-757 author: Marshall, David title: “Un Geste Suffit”? Unpacking the Inconvenient Truths about Al Gore’s Celebrity Activism date: 2018 words: 10038 flesch: 46 summary: Smith and Leiserowitz (2012), in their paper on the rise of global warming scepticism, actually identify Gore’s political career as a significant liability: Americans associate global warming with former Vice President Al Gore, whom some of them intensely dislike. KEY WORDS Celebrity Activism; Persona; Al Gore; Climate Change; An Inconvenient Truth (Film) INTRODUCTION This paper unpacks the ideological work performed by Al Gore’s environmental activism by tracking and analysing the development of his profoundly complex public persona with a focus on his award-winning film, An Inconvenient Truth (2006), a formative vehicle for what we call Gore’s personafication. keywords: activism; capital; celebrity; change; climate; doi; environment; film; gore; individual; marshall; new; persona; public; reality; studies; truth; vol cache: ps-757.pdf plain text: ps-757.txt item: #87 of 98 id: safpj-4969 author: Ellis, Chris title: The Truth date: 2019 words: 956 flesch: 58 summary: Ask, true for whom?” “True for whom” is one of the enigmas in medical practice when giving information to patients and when helping patients make decisions. “If falsehood, like truth, had only one face,” said Michelle De Montaigne in the 16th century, “we would be in better shape. keywords: patient; truth cache: safpj-4969.pdf plain text: safpj-4969.txt item: #88 of 98 id: sajsm-1868 author: Lambert, M title: Post-truth era and impact on the science associated with sport and exercise medicine date: 2017 words: 1063 flesch: 59 summary: Consumers of scientific papers, whether they be scientists, journalists, politicians, or members of the public will be better equipped to interpret the quality of the information if they have these basic skills. A problem threatening this process is the emergence of predatory journals. keywords: post; predatory; truth cache: sajsm-1868.pdf plain text: sajsm-1868.txt item: #89 of 98 id: scjr-1353 author: Gamberini, SJ, Paolo title: "With Sincere Reverence": A Christological Perspective for the Interreligious Dialogue Envisioned by Nostra Aetate date: 2011 words: 5684 flesch: 50 summary: Facing not only the religious expansion of Islam and of other religions, but also preoccupied by the threat of terrorist fundamentalism, many Catholics are tempted to defend their identity by suspecting any kind of pluralistic attitude in dealing with the present situation. I will highlight three different moments in which this “sincere reverence” towards other religions may be realized. keywords: christian; dialogue; experience; god; jesus; relations; religions; reverence; spirit; truth; way cache: scjr-1353.pdf plain text: scjr-1353.txt item: #90 of 98 id: scjr-1425 author: Jospe, Raphael title: Pluralism Out Of The Sources Of Judaism: Religious Pluralism Without Relativism date: 2011 words: 13651 flesch: 46 summary: If one relativizes truth within Judaism, on what grounds can one refuse to relativize it outside Judaism?15 Kellner’s argument here – that internal Jewish pluralism is unacceptable because one could then no longer oppose external religious pluralism – strikes me as a peculiar adoption of the logic employed by Peter Stuyvesant, the governor of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam (what would later become New York), who in 1654 attempted unsuccessfully to keep Jews out of the colony, arguing that “giving them liberty, we cannot refuse the Lutherans and Papists. 18 Mendelssohn’s argument, that external, interreligious toleration, should lead to internal, intra-religious toleration, strikes me as far more persuasive than Kellner’s argument against internal Jewish pluralism on the grounds that it might lead to external religious pluralism. keywords: christian; god; issue; jospe; judaism; kellner; maimonides; mendelssohn; new; people; pluralism; relations; relativism; religion; revelation; sources; studies; truth; volume; world cache: scjr-1425.pdf plain text: scjr-1425.txt item: #91 of 98 id: ss-10077 author: Achilli, Alessandro title: Beauty, Truth, and Sincerity. Lesja Ukrajinka and the Responsibility of Art Between Aestheticism and the Pursuit of Authenticity date: 2022 words: 7602 flesch: 55 summary: Ukrajinka 1975-1979: L. Ukrajinka, Zibrannja tvoriv u dvanadcjaty tomach, Kyjiv 1975- 1979. Ukrajinka 2017b: L. Ukrajinka, Lysty 1898-1902, Kyjiv 2017. keywords: achilli; aestheticism; alessandro; antej; art; beauty; faith; history; lesja ukrajinka; life; literature; ljubov; martijan; play; poem; sincerity; truth; ukrainian; ukrajinka; valent; view; writers cache: ss-10077.pdf plain text: ss-10077.txt item: #92 of 98 id: tahrj-5777 author: Ruiz Resa, Josefa Dolores title: Legal Culture on Justice and Truth: The Tribunals of Inquiry about Bloody Sunday date: 2020 words: 17193 flesch: 60 summary: Legal culture The idea of legal culture was mainly developed by Lawrence Friedman (1969, 1977), who inspired the Law & Society Movement. This paper starts by reviewing previous studies about the conceptual framework of the analysis—it examines the concept of “legal culture” and the understanding of justice as truth, as well as the definition of Tribunal of Inquiry. keywords: age; bloody; british; culture; december; derry; doi; events; human; inquiry; ireland; issn; journal; justice; law; northern; people; report; rights; saville; sunday; tahrj.v15.5777; tribunal; truth; victims; widgery cache: tahrj-5777.pdf plain text: tahrj-5777.txt item: #93 of 98 id: tahrj-6440 author: Quispe Remón, Florabel title: Transitional Justice, Victims and Human Rights in the Light of International Law and the Inter-American System of Human Rights date: 2021 words: 14583 flesch: 55 summary: It is understood that it is the responsibility of government to assume past human rights violations by adopting the necessary mechanisms to clarify the facts. That is, there is no country that has undergone a transition that has prosecuted each and every perpetrator of human rights violations (let alone punished them in proportion to the gravity of the harm they caused); that has implemented a truth- seeking strategy that disclosed the fate of each and every victim or thoroughly identified the structures that made the violations possible; that has established a reparations program providing each and every victim with benefits proportional to the harm he or she suffered; or that, particulary in the short run, has reformed each and every institutions that was implicated in the violations in question” (DE GRIEFF, 2012, p. 35). keywords: american; costa; court hr; human; inter; josé; justice; law; para; rights; rights journal; rights violations; san; state; transitional; truth; victims; violations; vs. cache: tahrj-6440.pdf plain text: tahrj-6440.txt item: #94 of 98 id: tci-187629 author: Butler, Jesse K. title: Living Between Truth and Reconciliation: Responsibilities, Colonial Institutions, and Settler Scholars date: 2016 words: 10586 flesch: 42 summary: Now during my graduate studies, I have spoken with non-Indigenous student teachers who have also had the same community service- learning opportunities to teach and learn from First Nations teachers at the Kitigan Zibi Kikinamadinan School. In our research, personal, and professional lives as non-Indigenous Canadian teachers and citizens Jesse, Julie, Ferne, and myself are committed toward such principles. keywords: aboriginal; canada; curriculum; education; fook; inquiry; nations; ottawa; people; perspectives; reconciliation; students; teachers; trc; truth; vaudrin cache: tci-187629.pdf plain text: tci-187629.txt item: #95 of 98 id: td-126 author: Oelofse, M title: Universal dignity, justice and accountability: protection of human rights and dealing with atrocities date: 2010 words: 13287 flesch: 48 summary: Facing history after genocide and mass violence, p. 1. 6 D.A. Habibi, “Human rights and politicized human rights: a utilitarian critique” in Journal of human rights 6, 2007, p. 6. This tendency became reality when the founders of the UN responded to the severe human rights violations during the Second World War by giving universal and formal recognition to human rights in 1945 through the Charter of this organisation.13 The Preamble of the Charter of the United Nations declares: … to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of the nation large and small …. 10 Vincent, pp. 11, 13. 11 J. Akokpari, “Human rights and human security in Post-9/11 Africa” in J. Akokpari & D.S. Zimbler (eds), Africa’s human rights architecture, p. 69. keywords: africa; commission; convention; declaration; hayner; human; international; justice; law; nations; past; rights; rights violations; truth; truth commissions; united cache: td-126.pdf plain text: td-126.txt item: #96 of 98 id: td-86 author: Vethuizen, A G title: On truth-telling and storytelling: Truth-seeking during research involving communities with an oral culture and a history of violent conflict date: 2014 words: 8053 flesch: 47 summary: The conversation circle was then expanded as a first effort at triangulating the findings of the research with other San communities. Practitioners of CBPR need to “broaden the bandwidth of validity” by ensuring that the research question is valid or relevant to the community and that different “ways of knowing,” including community knowledge, are valued alongside scientific sources of knowledge.32 When these assertions concerning CBPR are evaluated and analysed, it is found that CBPR contains all the elements that are required for research where truth-seeking is a vital point of departure to finding solutions for challenges that emanate from violent conflict in the past, including the risk of sporadic violence re-emerging. keywords: africa; analysis; cbpr; community; conflict; culture; data; knowledge; narratives; people; platfontein; research; san; seeking; truth cache: td-86.pdf plain text: td-86.txt item: #97 of 98 id: thethinker-376 author: Ashraf Jamal title: SIX ASIDES ON ART & LIES date: 2019 words: 8503 flesch: 60 summary: In so doing, we come to foster a vision of black experience and black art as merely a reactive decree, and, thereby, deny it its richer complexity. It is this vacuity which we find spoken all about, a vacuity which shapes and informs so much talk of African art today. keywords: africa; art; artist; black; body; lies; nietzsche; problem; realm; reason; south; truth; world; young cache: thethinker-376.pdf plain text: thethinker-376.txt item: #98 of 98 id: transversal-14975 author: Koterski, Artur title: Tadeusz Bilikiewicz’s Background in the Debate with Ludwik Fleck date: 2016 words: 9917 flesch: 59 summary: (The quotations from the sources unpublished in English are translated by the author) Artur Koterski – Tadeusz Bilikiewicz’s Background in the Debate with Ludwik Fleck 33 A young Polish colleague, Dr. Bilikiewicz […], has written a book entitled The Problem of Life in the Light of Comparative Psychology. The philosophical views of one of those polemists, Tadeusz Bilikiewicz, shared the same fate. keywords: background; biegański; bilikiewicz; book; debate; der; fleck; history; ludwik; medical; medicine; medycyny; philosophy; polish; realism; science; sigerist; tadeusz bilikiewicz; time; truth; university; zeitgeist cache: transversal-14975.pdf plain text: transversal-14975.txt