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         Judicium Universitatis Oxoniensis. English
         Sanderson, Robert, 1587-1663.
      
       
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             Reasons of the present judgement of the Vniversity of Oxford concerning The Solemne League and Covenant, The Negative Oath, The Ordinances concerning discipline and vvorship : approved by generall consent in a full convocation, 1, Jun. 1647, and presented to consideration.
             Judicium Universitatis Oxoniensis. English
             Sanderson, Robert, 1587-1663.
             Zouch, Richard, 1590-1661.
             Langbaine, Gerard, 1609-1658.
             University of Oxford.
          
           [8], 35 p.
           
             s.n.],
             [London :
             1647.
          
           
             "Stated by Wood to have been drawn up by Dr. Robert Sanderson in what referred to reason and conscience, and by Dr. Richard Zouche in the legal part, with the help of certain [other] delegates [including Gerard Langbaine.]"--cf. Madan 1926.
             Translation of: Judicium Universitatis Oxoniensis.
             First edition.
             Reprinted as an appendix to Walton's Life of Sanderson.
             Errata: p. 35.
             Reproduction of original in Duke University Library.
             Includes bibliographical references.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           University of Oxford -- Early works to 1800.
           Solemn League and Covenant (1643)
           Great Britain -- History -- Civil War, 1642-1649.
        
      
    
       A62025  R183228  (Wing S624).  civilwar no Reasons of the present judgement of the Vniversity of Oxford, concerning The solemne league and covenant. The negative oath. The ordinances Sanderson, Robert 1647    15539 13 5 0 0 0 0 12 C  The  rate of 12 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the C category of texts with between 10 and 35 defects per 10,000 words. 
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           REASONS
           Of
           the
           present
           judgement
           of
           the
           Vniversity
           of
           OXFORD
           ,
           
             CONCERNING
          
           
             
               The
               Solemne
               League
               and
               Covenant
               .
            
             
               The
               Negative
               Oath
               .
            
             
               The
               Ordinances
               concerning
               Discipline
               and
               VVorship
               .
            
          
        
         
           Approved
           by
           generall
           consent
           in
           a
           full
           Convocation
           ,
           1.
           Iun.
           1647.
           
           
             AND
             Presented
             to
             Consideration
             .
          
        
         
           Printed
           in
           the
           Yeare
           ,
           1647.
           
        
      
    
     
       
       
       
         
           A
           Solemn
           League
           and
           Covenant
           ,
           for
           Reformation
           ,
           and
           defence
           of
           Religion
           ,
           the
           honour
           and
           happinesse
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           Peace
           and
           Safety
           of
           the
           three
           Kingdomes
           ,
           England
           ,
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           Ireland
           .
        
         
           WE
           Noblemen
           ,
           Barons
           ,
           Knights
           ,
           Gentlemen
           ,
           Citizens
           ,
           Burgesses
           ,
           Ministers
           of
           the
           Gospell
           ,
           and
           Commons
           of
           all
           sorts
           in
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           
             England
             ,
             Scotland
             ,
          
           and
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           by
           the
           Providence
           of
           God
           living
           under
           one
           King
           ,
           and
           being
           of
           one
           Reformed
           Religion
           ,
           having
           before
           our
           eyes
           the
           glory
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           the
           advancement
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           our
           Lord
           and
           Saviour
           Iesus
           Christ
           ,
           the
           honour
           and
           happinesse
           of
           the
           Kings
           Majestie
           ,
           and
           His
           Posterity
           ,
           and
           the
           true
           publick
           Lybertie
           ,
           Safetie
           ,
           and
           Peace
           of
           the
           Kingdoms
           wherein
           every
           ones
           private
           condition
           is
           included
           ,
           and
           calling
           to
           mind
           the
           treacherous
           and
           bloudy
           plots
           ,
           Conspiracies
           ,
           Attempts
           ,
           and
           practices
           of
           the
           Enemies
           of
           God
           against
           the
           true
           Religion
           ,
           and
           Professors
           thereof
           in
           all
           places
           ,
           especially
           in
           these
           three
           Kingdomes
           ,
           ever
           since
           the
           Reformation
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           how
           much
           their
           rage
           ,
           power
           ,
           and
           presumption
           are
           of
           late
           ,
           and
           at
           this
           time
           increased
           and
           exercised
           ;
           whereof
           the
           deplorable
           estate
           of
           the
           Church
           and
           Kingdom
           of
           
             Ireland
             ,
          
           the
           distressed
           estate
           of
           the
           Church
           and
           Kingdome
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           and
           the
           dangerous
           estate
           of
           the
           Church
           and
           Kingdome
           of
           
             Scotland
             ,
          
           are
           present
           and
           publick
           Testimonies
           ;
           We
           have
           now
           at
           last
           ,
           (
           after
           other
           meanes
           of
           supplication
           ,
           Remonstrance
           ,
           Protestations
           ,
           and
           Sufferings
           )
           for
           the
           preservation
           of
           our selves
           and
           our
           Religion
           from
           utter
           ruine
           and
           destruction
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           commendable
           practice
           of
           these
           Kingdomes
           in
           former
           times
           ,
           and
           the
           Example
           of
           Gods
           People
           in
           other
           Nations
           ;
           after
           mature
           deliberation
           resolved
           and
           determined
           to
           enter
           into
           a
           mutuall
           and
           solemne
           League
           and
           Covenant
           ,
           wherein
           we
           all
           subscribe
           ,
           and
           each
           one
           of
           us
           for
           himselfe
           with
           our
           hands
           lifted
           up
           to
           the
           most
           High
           God
           ,
           do
           swear
           :
        
         
         
           
             I.
             
          
           
             THat
             we
             shall
             sincerely
             ,
             really
             ,
             and
             constantly
             ,
             through
             the
             Grace
             of
             God
             ,
             endeavour
             in
             our
             severall
             places
             and
             callings
             ,
             the
             preservation
             of
             the
             Reformed
             Religion
             in
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Scotland
               ,
            
             in
             Doctrine
             ,
             Worship
             ,
             Discipline
             and
             Government
             ,
             against
             our
             common
             Enemies
             ;
             The
             Reformation
             of
             Religion
             in
             the
             Kingdoms
             of
             
               England
            
             and
             
               Ireland
            
             in
             Doctrine
             ,
             Worship
             ,
             Discipline
             and
             Government
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Word
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             example
             of
             the
             best
             reformed
             Churches
             :
             And
             shall
             endeavour
             to
             bring
             the
             Churches
             of
             God
             in
             the
             three
             Kingdomes
             ,
             to
             the
             nearest
             conjunction
             and
             uniformity
             in
             Religion
             ,
             Confession
             of
             Faith
             ,
             Form
             of
             Church
             Government
             ,
             Directory
             for
             Worship
             and
             Catechizing
             ;
             That
             we
             and
             our
             posterity
             after
             us
             may
             as
             Brethren
             live
             in
             Faith
             and
             Love
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             may
             delight
             to
             dwell
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             us
             .
          
        
         
           
             II.
             
          
           
             That
             we
             shall
             in
             like
             manner
             ,
             without
             respect
             of
             persons
             ,
             endeavour
             the
             extirpation
             of
             Popery
             ,
             Prelacy
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             Church
             Government
             by
             Archbishops
             ,
             Bishops
             ,
             their
             Chancellours
             and
             Commissaries
             ,
             Deans
             ,
             Deans
             and
             Chapters
             ,
             Archdeacons
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             Ecclesiasticall
             Officers
             depending
             on
             that
             Hierarchy
             )
             Superstition
             ,
             Heresie
             ,
             Schisme
             ,
             Profanenesse
             ,
             and
             whatsoever
             shall
             be
             found
             to
             be
             contrary
             to
             sound
             Doctrine
             ,
             and
             the
             power
             of
             Godlinesse
             ;
             lest
             we
             partake
             in
             other
             mens
             sinnes
             ,
             and
             thereby
             be
             in
             danger
             to
             receive
             of
             their
             plagues
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Lord
             may
             be
             one
             ,
             and
             his
             Name
             one
             in
             the
             three
             Kingdomes
             .
          
        
         
           
             III.
             
          
           
             We
             shall
             with
             the
             same
             sincerity
             ,
             reallity
             and
             constancy
             ,
             in
             our
             severall
             Vocations
             ,
             endeavour
             with
             our
             estates
             and
             lives
             ,
             mutually
             to
             preserve
             the
             Rights
             and
             Privileges
             of
             the
             Parliaments
             ,
             and
             the
             Liberties
             of
             the
             Kingdomes
             ,
             and
             to
             preserve
             and
             defend
             the
             Kings
             Majesties
             person
             and
             authority
             ,
             in
             the
             preservation
             and
             defence
             of
             the
             true
             Religion
             ,
             and
             Liberties
             of
             the
             Kingdomes
             ,
             that
             the
             world
             may
             bear
             witnesse
             with
             our
             consciences
             of
             our
             Loyaltie
             ,
             and
             that
             we
             have
             no
             thoughts
             or
             intentions
             to
             diminish
             His
             Majesties
             just
             power
             and
             greatness
             :
          
        
         
         
           
             IIII.
             
          
           
             We
             shall
             also
             with
             all
             faithfullnesse
             endeavour
             the
             discovery
             of
             all
             such
             as
             have
             been
             ,
             or
             shall
             be
             Incendiaries
             ,
             Malignants
             ,
             or
             evill
             Instruments
             ,
             by
             hindring
             the
             Reformation
             of
             Religion
             ,
             dividing
             the
             King
             from
             his
             people
             ,
             or
             one
             of
             the
             Kingdomes
             from
             another
             ,
             or
             making
             any
             faction
             or
             parties
             amongst
             the
             people
             ,
             contrary
             to
             this
             League
             and
             Covenant
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             be
             brought
             to
             publick
             triall
             ,
             and
             receive
             condigne
             punishment
             ,
             as
             the
             degree
             of
             their
             offences
             shall
             require
             or
             deserve
             ,
             or
             the
             supream
             Judicatories
             of
             both
             Kingdomes
             respectively
             ,
             or
             others
             having
             power
             from
             them
             for
             that
             effect
             ,
             shall
             judge
             convenient
             .
          
        
         
           
             V.
             
          
           
             And
             whereas
             the
             happinesse
             of
             a
             blessed
             Peace
             between
             these
             Kingdomes
             ,
             denied
             in
             former
             times
             to
             our
             progenitours
             ,
             is
             by
             the
             good
             providence
             of
             God
             granted
             unto
             us
             ,
             and
             hath
             been
             lately
             concluded
             ,
             and
             setled
             by
             both
             Parliaments
             ,
             we
             shall
             each
             one
             of
             us
             ,
             according
             to
             our
             place
             and
             interest
             endeavour
             that
             they
             may
             remain
             conjoyned
             in
             a
             firm
             Peace
             and
             Union
             to
             all
             posterity
             ;
             And
             that
             Justice
             may
             be
             done
             upon
             the
             wilfull
             opposers
             thereof
             ,
             in
             manner
             expressed
             in
             the
             precedent
             Articles
             .
          
        
         
           
             VI
             .
          
           
             We
             shall
             also
             according
             to
             our
             places
             and
             callings
             in
             this
             common
             cause
             of
             Religion
             ,
             Liberty
             and
             Peace
             of
             the
             Kingdomes
             ,
             assist
             and
             defend
             all
             those
             that
             enter
             into
             this
             League
             and
             Covenant
             ,
             in
             the
             maintaining
             and
             pursuing
             thereof
             ,
             and
             shall
             not
             suffer
             our selves
             directly
             or
             indirectly
             by
             whatsoever
             combination
             ,
             perswasion
             or
             terrour
             to
             be
             divided
             and
             withdrawn
             from
             this
             bles●ed
             Union
             and
             Conjunction
             ,
             whether
             to
             make
             defection
             to
             the
             contrary
             part
             ,
             or
             to
             give
             our selves
             to
             a
             detestable
             indifferencie
             or
             neutrality
             in
             this
             cause
             ,
             which
             so
             much
             concerneth
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             ,
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             and
             the
             honour
             of
             the
             King
             ;
             but
             shall
             all
             the
             dayes
             of
             our
             lives
             zealously
             and
             constantly
             continue
             therein
             ,
             against
             all
             opposition
             ,
             &
             promote
             the
             same
             according
             to
             our
             power
             ,
             against
             all
             lets
             and
             impediments
             whatsoever
             ;
             and
             what
             we
             are
             not
             able
             our selves
             to
             suppress
             or
             overcome
             ,
             we
             shall
             
             reveal
             &
             make
             known
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             be
             timely
             prevented
             or
             removed
             ;
             All
             which
             we
             shall
             do
             as
             in
             the
             sight
             of
             God
             .
          
           
             And
             because
             these
             Kingdoms
             are
             guilty
             of
             many
             sinnes
             and
             provocations
             against
             God
             ,
             and
             his
             Son
             Iesus
             Christ
             ,
             as
             is
             too
             manifest
             by
             our
             present
             distresses
             and
             dangers
             the
             fruits
             thereof
             ;
             We
             professe
             and
             declare
             before
             God
             and
             the
             world
             ,
             our
             unfained
             desire
             to
             be
             humbled
             for
             our
             owne
             sins
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             sins
             of
             these
             Kingdoms
             ,
             especially
             that
             we
             have
             not
             as
             we
             ought
             ,
             valued
             the
             inestimable
             benefit
             of
             the
             Gospel
             ,
             that
             we
             have
             not
             laboured
             for
             the
             puritie
             and
             power
             thereof
             ,
             and
             that
             we
             have
             not
             endeavoured
             to
             receive
             Christ
             in
             our
             hearts
             ,
             nor
             to
             walke
             worthy
             of
             him
             in
             our
             lives
             ,
             which
             are
             the
             causes
             of
             other
             sinnes
             and
             transgressions
             so
             much
             abounding
             amongst
             us
             ;
             And
             our
             true
             and
             unfained
             purpose
             ,
             desire
             ,
             and
             endeavour
             for
             our selves
             ,
             and
             all
             others
             under
             our
             power
             and
             charge
             ,
             both
             in
             publick
             and
             in
             private
             ,
             in
             all
             duties
             we
             owe
             to
             God
             and
             man
             ,
             to
             amend
             our
             lives
             ,
             and
             each
             one
             to
             goe
             before
             another
             in
             the
             example
             of
             a
             reall
             Reformation
             ,
             that
             the
             Lord
             may
             turn
             away
             his
             wrath
             and
             heavy
             indignation
             ,
             and
             establish
             these
             Churches
             and
             Kingdoms
             in
             truth
             and
             peace
             .
             And
             this
             Covenant
             we
             make
             in
             the
             presence
             of
             Almighty
             God
             the
             searcher
             of
             all
             hearts
             ,
             with
             a
             true
             intention
             to
             perform
             the
             same
             ,
             as
             we
             shall
             answer
             at
             that
             great
             day
             ,
             when
             the
             secrets
             of
             all
             hearts
             shall
             be
             disclosed
             .
             Most
             humbly
             beseeching
             the
             Lord
             to
             strengthen
             us
             by
             his
             holy
             Spirit
             for
             this
             end
             ,
             and
             to
             blesse
             our
             desires
             and
             proceedings
             with
             such
             successe
             ,
             as
             may
             be
             deliverance
             and
             safety
             to
             his
             people
             ,
             and
             encouragement
             to
             other
             Christian
             Churches
             groaning
             under
             ,
             or
             in
             danger
             of
             the
             yoke
             of
             Antichristian
             tyrannie
             ;
             to
             joyn
             in
             the
             same
             ,
             or
             like
             Association
             and
             Covenant
             ,
             to
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             ,
             the
             enlargement
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             of
             Iesus
             Christ
             ,
             and
             the
             peace
             and
             tranquility
             of
             Christian
             Kingdoms
             and
             Common-wealths
             .
          
        
      
       
       
         
           The
           Negative
           Oath
           .
        
         
           
             I
             A.
             B.
          
           Doe
           sweare
           from
           my
           heart
           ,
           that
           I
           will
           not
           directly
           ,
           nor
           indirectly
           ,
           adhere
           unto
           ,
           or
           willingly
           assist
           the
           King
           in
           this
           War
           ,
           or
           in
           this
           Cause
           ,
           against
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           nor
           any
           Forces
           raised
           without
           the
           consent
           of
           the
           two
           Houses
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           in
           this
           Cause
           or
           Warre
           :
           And
           I
           doe
           likewise
           sweare
           ,
           that
           my
           comming
           and
           submitting
           my selfe
           under
           the
           Power
           and
           Protection
           of
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           is
           without
           any
           manner
           of
           Designe
           whatsoever
           ,
           to
           the
           prejudice
           of
           the
           proceedings
           of
           this
           present
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           without
           the
           direction
           ,
           privity
           ,
           or
           advice
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           or
           any
           of
           his
           Councell
           ,
           or
           Officers
           ,
           other
           then
           what
           I
           have
           now
           made
           knowne
           .
           So
           helpe
           me
           God
           ,
           and
           the
           contents
           of
           this
           Booke
           .
        
      
       
       
       
         
           Reasons
           why
           the
           Vniversity
           of
           Oxford
           cannot
           submit
           to
           the
           Covenant
           ,
           the
           Negative
           Oath
           ,
           the
           Ordinance
           concerning
           Discipline
           and
           Directory
           mentioned
           in
           the
           late
           Ordinance
           of
           Parliament
           for
           the
           Visitation
           of
           that
           place
           .
        
         
           WHereas
           by
           an
           Ordinance
           of
           the
           Lords
           and
           Commons
           assembled
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           for
           the
           Visitation
           and
           Reformation
           of
           the
           University
           of
           
             Oxford
          
           lately
           published
           ,
           power
           is
           given
           to
           certain
           persons
           therein
           named
           as
           Visitors
           ,
           to
           enquire
           concerning
           those
           of
           the
           said
           University
           that
           neglect
           to
           take
           the
           Solemne
           League
           and
           Covenant
           ,
           and
           the
           Negative
           Oath
           being
           tendred
           unto
           them
           ,
           and
           likewise
           concerning
           those
           that
           oppose
           the
           execution
           of
           the
           Ordinances
           of
           Parliament
           concerning
           the
           Discipline
           and
           Directory
           ,
           or
           shall
           not
           promote
           or
           cause
           the
           same
           to
           be
           put
           in
           execution
           according
           to
           their
           severall
           places
           and
           callings
           ,
           We
           the
           Masters
           ,
           Scholars
           ,
           and
           other
           Officers
           and
           Members
           of
           the
           said
           University
           ,
           not
           to
           judge
           the
           Consciences
           of
           others
           ,
           but
           to
           cleare
           our selves
           before
           God
           and
           the
           world
           from
           all
           suspicion
           of
           Obstinacie
           ,
           whilst
           we
           discharge
           our
           own
           ,
           present
           to
           consideration
           the
           true
           reasons
           of
           our
           present
           judgment
           concerning
           the
           said
           Covenant
           ,
           Oath
           ,
           and
           Ordinances
           :
           Expecting
           so
           much
           Justice
           ,
           and
           hoping
           for
           so
           much
           Charity
           ,
           as
           either
           not
           to
           be
           pressed
           to
           conforme
           to
           what
           is
           required
           in
           any
           the
           premisses
           ,
           further
           then
           our
           present
           judgements
           will
           warrant
           us
           ;
           or
           not
           condemned
           for
           the
           refusing
           so
           to
           doe
           ,
           without
           cleare
           and
           reall
           satisfaction
           given
           to
           our
           just
           scruples
           .
        
         
         
           
             §.
             I.
             
          
           
             Of
             the
             Preface
             to
             the
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             THe
             Exceptions
             against
             the
             Introductory
             Preface
             to
             the
             Covenant
             although
             we
             insist
             not
             much
             upon
             ,
             because
             it
             may
             be
             said
             to
             be
             no
             part
             of
             the
             Covenant
             :
             yet
             among
             the
             things
             therein
             contained
             ,
             the
             acknowledgment
             whereof
             is
             implicitely
             required
             of
             every
             Covenanter
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 We
                 are
                 not
                 able
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 
                   that
                   the
                   rage
                   ,
                   power
                   ,
                   and
                   presumption
                   of
                   the
                   enemies
                   of
                   God
                
                 (
                 in
                 the
                 sense
                 there
                 intended
                 )
                 
                   is
                   at
                   this
                   time
                   increased
                   .
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Nor
                 can
                 truly
                 affirme
                 that
                 we
                 had
                 used
                 ,
                 or
                 given
                 consent
                 to
                 any
                 
                   Supplication
                
                 or
                 
                   Remonstrance
                
                 to
                 the
                 purposes
                 therein
                 expressed
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Nor
                 doe
                 conceive
                 the
                 entring
                 into
                 such
                 a
                 mutuall
                 League
                 and
                 Covenant
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 lawfull
                 ,
                 proper
                 and
                 probable
                 meanes
                 to
                 
                   preserve
                   our selves
                   and
                   our
                   Religion
                   from
                   ruine
                   and
                   destruction
                   .
                
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 Nor
                 can
                 believe
                 the
                 same
                 to
                 be
                 
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   commendable
                   practice
                   of
                   these
                   Kingdomes
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   example
                   of
                   Gods
                   people
                   in
                   other
                   Nations
                   .
                
                 When
                 we
                 find
                 not
                 the
                 least
                 foot-step
                 in
                 our
                 Histories
                 of
                 a
                 sworne
                 Covenant
                 ever
                 entred
                 into
                 by
                 the
                 people
                 of
                 this
                 Kingdome
                 upon
                 any
                 occasion
                 whatsoever
                 ;
                 nor
                 can
                 readily
                 remember
                 any
                 commendable
                 example
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 done
                 in
                 any
                 other
                 Nation
                 :
                 but
                 are
                 rather
                 told
                 by
                 the
                 defenders
                 of
                 this
                 Covenant
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   a
                
                 
                   the
                   world
                   never
                   saw
                   the
                   like
                   before
                
              
            
          
        
         
           
             §.
             II.
             
          
           
             Of
             the
             Covenant
             in
             grosse
             .
          
           
             
             FIrst
             ,
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             ,
             how
             we
             can
             submit
             to
             the
             taking
             thereof
             ,
             as
             it
             is
             now
             imposed
             under
             a
             penalty
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               Such
               imposition
               (
               to
               our
               seeming
               )
               being
               repugnant
               to
               the
               
               nature
               of
               a
               Covenant
               :
               which
               being
               a
               Contract
               implyeth
               a
               
                 a
              
               
                 voluntary
                 mutuall
                 consent
              
               of
               the
               Contractors
               ;
               whereunto
               men
               are
               to
               be
               induced
               by
               perswasions
               ,
               not
               compelled
               by
               power
               .
               In
               so
               much
               that
               the
               very
               words
               of
               this
               Covenant
               in
               the
               Preface
               ,
               conclusion
               ,
               and
               whole
               frame
               thereof
               runne
               in
               such
               a
               forme
               throughout
               ,
               as
               import
               a
               consent
               rather
               grounded
               upon
               prudentiall
               motives
               ,
               then
               extorted
               by
               Rigour
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               Without
               betraying
               the
               Liberty
               ,
               which
               by
               our
               protestation
               we
               are
               bound
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               third
               Article
               of
               this
               Covenant
               must
               sweare
               ,
               
                 with
                 our
                 lives
                 and
                 fortunes
                 to
                 preserve
                 .
              
               To
               which
               Liberty
               the
               imposition
               of
               a
               new
               Oath
               ,
               other
               then
               is
               established
               by
               Act
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               is
               expressed
               in
               
                 the
              
               
                 b
              
               
                 Petition
                 of
                 Right
                 ,
              
               and
               by
               the
               Lords
               and
               Commons
               in
               their
               
                 c
              
               
                 Declarations
              
               acknowledged
               to
               be
               contrary
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               Without
               acknowledging
               in
               the
               Imposers
               ,
               a
               greater
               Power
               then
               ,
               for
               ought
               that
               appeareth
               to
               us
               ,
               hath
               been
               in
               former
               time
               challenged
               ;
               Or
               can
               consist
               with
               our
               former
               Protestation
               (
               if
               we
               rightly
               understand
               it
               )
               in
               sundry
               the
               most
               materiall
               branches
               thereof
               .
            
          
           
             Neither
             ,
             secondly
             ,
             are
             we
             satisfied
             ;
             (
             although
             the
             Covenant
             should
             not
             be
             imposed
             upon
             us
             at
             all
             ,
             but
             only
             recommended
             to
             us
             ,
             and
             then
             left
             to
             our
             choice
             ;
             )
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 How
                 we
                 should
                 in
                 wisedome
                 and
                 duty
                 (
                 being
                 Subjects
                 )
                 of
                 our
                 own
                 accord
                 and
                 free
                 will
                 enter
                 into
                 a
                 Covenant
                 ,
                 wherein
                 He
                 ,
                 whose
                 Subjects
                 we
                 are
                 ,
                 is
                 in
                 any
                 wise
                 concerned
                 ,
                 without
                 his
                 consent
                 ,
                 either
                 expressed
                 or
                 reasonably
                 presumed
                 .
                 It
                 being
                 in
                 his
                 power
                 (
                 as
                 we
                 conceive
                 )
                 by
                 the
                 equity
                 of
                 the
                 Law
                 ,
                 
                   Numb.
                
                 30.
                 to
                 annull
                 and
                 make
                 void
                 the
                 same
                 at
                 his
                 pleasure
                 .
              
               
               
                 2.
                 
                 How
                 we
                 can
                 (
                 now
                 that
                 His
                 Majesty
                 hath
                 by
                 His
                 publique
                 
                   d
                
                 
                   Interdict
                
                 sufficiently
                 made
                 known
                 His
                 pleasure
                 in
                 that
                 behalfe
                 )
                 enter
                 into
                 a
                 Covenant
                 ,
                 the
                 taking
                 whereof
                 he
                 hath
                 expresly
                 forbidden
                 ;
                 without
                 forfeiting
                 that
                 Obedience
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 as
                 we
                 are
                 perswaded
                 )
                 by
                 our
                 naturall
                 Allegiance
                 and
                 former
                 Oathes
                 we
                 owe
                 unto
                 all
                 such
                 His
                 Majesties
                 Commands
                 ,
                 as
                 are
                 not
                 in
                 our
                 apprehensions
                 repugnant
                 to
                 the
                 will
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 positive
                 Laws
                 of
                 this
                 Kingdome
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             §
             III.
             
          
           
             Of
             the
             first
             Article
             of
             the
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             WHerein
             ,
             first
             ,
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             ,
             how
             we
             can
             with
             judgement
             sweare
             to
             endeavour
             to
             preserve
             the
             Religion
             of
             another
             Kingdome
             ;
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Whereof
                 as
                 it
                 doth
                 not
                 concerne
                 us
                 to
                 have
                 very
                 much
                 ,
                 so
                 we
                 professe
                 to
                 have
                 very
                 little
                 understanding
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Which
                 (
                 so
                 far
                 as
                 the
                 occurrents
                 of
                 these
                 unhappy
                 times
                 have
                 brought
                 it
                 to
                 our
                 knowledge
                 ,
                 and
                 we
                 are
                 able
                 to
                 judge
                 )
                 is
                 in
                 three
                 of
                 the
                 foure
                 specified
                 particulars
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                   Worship
                   ,
                   Discipline
                   ,
                   and
                   Government
                   ,
                
                 much
                 worse
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 fourth
                 (
                 that
                 of
                 
                   Doctrine
                
                 )
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 better
                 then
                 our
                 own
                 ;
                 which
                 we
                 are
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 passage
                 of
                 the
                 Article
                 required
                 to
                 reforme
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Wherein
                 if
                 hereafter
                 we
                 shall
                 find
                 any
                 thing
                 (
                 as
                 upon
                 farther
                 understanding
                 thereof
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 impossible
                 we
                 may
                 )
                 that
                 may
                 seem
                 to
                 us
                 savouring
                 of
                 
                   Popery
                   ,
                   Superstition
                   ,
                   Heresie
                   ,
                
                 or
                 
                   Schisme
                   ,
                
                 or
                 
                   contrary
                   to
                   sound
                   doctrine
                   ,
                
                 or
                 
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   godlinesse
                   ;
                
                 we
                 shall
                 be
                 bound
                 by
                 the
                 next
                 Article
                 to
                 endeavour
                 the
                 extirpation
                 ,
                 after
                 we
                 have
                 bound
                 our selves
                 by
                 this
                 first
                 Article
                 to
                 the
                 preservation
                 thereof
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 Wherein
                 we
                 already
                 find
                 some
                 things
                 (
                 to
                 our
                 thinking
                 )
                 so
                 far
                 tending
                 towards
                 
                   a
                
                 
                   Superstition
                
                 and
                 
                   b
                
                 
                   Schisme
                   ,
                
                 that
                 it
                 seemeth
                 to
                 us
                 more
                 reasonable
                 that
                 we
                 should
                 call
                 
                 upon
                 them
                 to
                 reforme
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 then
                 that
                 they
                 should
                 call
                 upon
                 us
                 to
                 preserue
                 it
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             in
             the
             next
             branch
             ,
             concerning
             
             the
             Reformation
             of
             Religion
             in
             our
             own
             Kingdome
             ,
             in
             
               Doctrine
               ,
               Worship
               ,
               Discipline
            
             and
             
               Government
               ;
            
             How
             we
             can
             sweare
             to
             endeavour
             the
             same
             ,
             (
             which
             without
             making
             a
             change
             therein
             cannot
             be
             done
             ,
             )
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Without
                 
                   manifest
                   scandall
                   to
                   the
                   Papist
                   and
                   Separatist
                   ,
                
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     By
                     yeelding
                     the
                     cause
                     ,
                     which
                     our
                     godly
                     Bishops
                     and
                     Martyrs
                     ,
                     and
                     all
                     our
                     learned
                     Divines
                     ever
                     since
                     the
                     Reformation
                     have
                     both
                     by
                     their
                     writings
                     and
                     sufferings
                     maintained
                     ;
                     who
                     have
                     justified
                     ,
                     against
                     them
                     both
                     ,
                     the
                     Religion
                     established
                     in
                     the
                     Church
                     of
                     
                       England
                    
                     to
                     be
                     agreeable
                     to
                     the
                     Word
                     of
                     God
                     .
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     By
                     justifying
                     the
                     Papists
                     in
                     the
                     reproaches
                     and
                     scorne
                     by
                     them
                     cast
                     upon
                     our
                     Religion
                     ,
                     whose
                     usuall
                     objection
                     it
                     hath
                     been
                     and
                     is
                     ,
                     that
                     we
                     know
                     not
                     what
                     our
                     Religion
                     is
                     ;
                     that
                     since
                     we
                     left
                     them
                     ,
                     we
                     cannot
                     tell
                     where
                     to
                     stay
                     ;
                     and
                     that
                     our
                     Religion
                     is
                     
                       a
                    
                     
                       c
                    
                     
                       Parliamentary
                       Religion
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     3.
                     
                     By
                     a
                     tacite
                     acknowledgement
                     that
                     there
                     is
                     something
                     both
                     in
                     the
                     doctrine
                     and
                     worship
                     ,
                     whereunto
                     their
                     conformity
                     hath
                     been
                     required
                     ,
                     not
                     agreeable
                     to
                     the
                     Word
                     of
                     God
                     ;
                     and
                     consequently
                     justifying
                     them
                     both
                     ,
                     the
                     one
                     in
                     his
                     Recusancy
                     ,
                     the
                     other
                     in
                     his
                     Separation
                     .
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                     By
                     an
                     implied
                     Confession
                     ,
                     that
                     the
                     Lawes
                     formerly
                     made
                     against
                     Papists
                     in
                     this
                     Kingdome
                     ,
                     and
                     all
                     punishments
                     by
                     virtue
                     thereof
                     inflicted
                     upon
                     them
                     ,
                     were
                     unjust
                     ;
                     in
                     punishing
                     them
                     for
                     refusing
                     to
                     joyne
                     with
                     us
                     in
                     that
                     forme
                     of
                     Worship
                     ,
                     which
                     our selves
                     (
                     as
                     well
                     as
                     they
                     )
                     doe
                     not
                     approve
                     of
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Without
                 
                   manifest
                   wrong
                   unto
                   our selves
                   ,
                
                 our
                 Consciences
                 ,
                 Reputation
                 and
                 Estates
                 ;
                 in
                 bearing
                 false
                 witnesse
                 against
                 our selves
                 ,
                 and
                 sundry
                 other
                 wayes
                 :
                 by
                 swearing
                 to
                 endeavour
                 to
                 reforme
                 that
                 ,
                 as
                 corrupt
                 and
                 vicious
                 ▪
                 
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     Which
                     we
                     have
                     formerly
                     by
                     our
                     Personall
                     Subscriptions
                     approved
                     ,
                     as
                     agreeable
                     to
                     Gods
                     Word
                     :
                     and
                     have
                     not
                     been
                     since
                     either
                     condemned
                     by
                     our
                     own
                     hearts
                     for
                     so
                     doing
                     ,
                     or
                     convinced
                     in
                     our
                     judgements
                     by
                     any
                     of
                     our
                     Brethren
                     that
                     therein
                     we
                     did
                     amisse
                     .
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     Which
                     in
                     our
                     Consciences
                     we
                     are
                     perswaded
                     ,
                     not
                     to
                     be
                     in
                     any
                     of
                     the
                     foure
                     specified
                     particulars
                     (
                     as
                     it
                     standeth
                     by
                     Law
                     established
                     )
                     much
                     lesse
                     in
                     the
                     whole
                     foure
                     ,
                     against
                     the
                     Word
                     of
                     God
                     .
                  
                   
                     3.
                     
                     Which
                     we
                     verily
                     believe
                     (
                     and
                     ,
                     as
                     we
                     think
                     upon
                     good
                     grounds
                     )
                     to
                     be
                     in
                     sundry
                     respects
                     much
                     better
                     ,
                     and
                     more
                     agreeable
                     to
                     the
                     Word
                     of
                     God
                     ,
                     &
                     the
                     practice
                     of
                     the
                     Catholique
                     Church
                     ,
                     then
                     that
                     which
                     we
                     should
                     by
                     the
                     former
                     words
                     of
                     this
                     Article
                     sweare
                     to
                     preserve
                     .
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                     Whereunto
                     the
                     
                       d
                    
                     Lawes
                     yet
                     in
                     force
                     require
                     of
                     all
                     such
                     Clerks
                     as
                     shall
                     be
                     admitted
                     to
                     any
                     Benefice
                     ,
                     the
                     signification
                     of
                     their
                     hearty
                     assent
                     ,
                     to
                     be
                     attested
                     openly
                     in
                     the
                     time
                     of
                     Divine
                     Service
                     before
                     the
                     whole
                     congregation
                     there
                     present
                     ,
                     within
                     a
                     limited
                     time
                     ,
                     and
                     that
                     under
                     pain
                     (
                     upon
                     default
                     made
                     )
                     of
                     the
                     losse
                     of
                     every
                     such
                     Benefice
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Without
                 
                   manifest
                   danger
                   of
                   Perjury
                   :
                
                 This
                 branch
                 of
                 the
                 Article
                 (
                 to
                 our
                 best
                 understandings
                 )
                 seeming
                 directly
                 contrary
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     To
                     our
                     former
                     solemne
                     Protestation
                     ,
                     which
                     we
                     have
                     bound
                     our selves
                     neither
                     for
                     hope
                     ,
                     feare
                     ,
                     or
                     other
                     respect
                     ever
                     to
                     relinquish
                     .
                     Wherein
                     the
                     Doctrine
                     which
                     we
                     have
                     vowed
                     to
                     maintaine
                     ,
                     by
                     the
                     name
                     of
                     the
                     
                       true
                       Protestant
                       Religion
                       expressed
                       in
                       the
                       Doctrine
                       of
                       the
                       Church
                       of
                       England
                       ,
                    
                     we
                     take
                     to
                     be
                     the
                     same
                     which
                     now
                     we
                     are
                     required
                     to
                     endeavour
                     to
                     reform
                     and
                     alter
                     .
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     To
                     the
                     Oath
                     of
                     Supremacy
                     ,
                     by
                     us
                     also
                     taken
                     ,
                     according
                     to
                     the
                     Lawes
                     of
                     the
                     Realme
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     Statutes
                     of
                     our
                     University
                     in
                     that
                     behalfe
                     .
                     Wherein
                     having
                     first
                     testified
                     and
                     declared
                     in
                     our
                     Consciences
                     ,
                     that
                     the
                     
                       Kings
                       Highnesse
                       is
                       the
                       only
                       supreme
                       Governour
                       of
                       this
                       Realme
                       ,
                       we
                       doe
                       after
                       swear
                       to
                       our
                       power
                       to
                       assist
                       and
                       defend
                       all
                       Iurisdictions
                       ,
                       Privileges
                       ,
                       Preheminences
                       ,
                       and
                       Authorities
                       granted
                       or
                       belonging
                       to
                       the
                       Kings
                       Highnesse
                       ,
                       His
                       Heires
                       ,
                       and
                       Successors
                       ,
                       or
                       united
                       and
                       annexed
                       to
                       the
                       
                       Imperiall
                       Crowne
                       of
                       this
                       Realme
                       .
                    
                     One
                     of
                     the
                     which
                     privileges
                     and
                     Preheminences
                     ,
                     by
                     an
                     expresse
                     Statute
                     so
                     annexed
                     ,
                     and
                     that
                     even
                     ,
                     
                       in
                       terminis
                       ,
                    
                     in
                     the
                     selfe-same
                     words
                     in
                     a
                     manner
                     with
                     those
                     used
                     in
                     the
                     Oath
                     ,
                     is
                     the
                     whole
                     power
                     of
                     Spirituall
                     or
                     Ecclesiasticall
                     Jurisdiction
                     ,
                     for
                     the
                     correction
                     and
                     reformation
                     of
                     all
                     manner
                     of
                     errors
                     and
                     abuses
                     
                       in
                       matters
                       Ecclesiasticall
                       :
                    
                     as
                     by
                     the
                     
                       e
                    
                     words
                     of
                     the
                     said
                     Statute
                     more
                     at
                     large
                     appeareth
                     .
                     The
                     Oath
                     affording
                     the
                     
                       Proposition
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     the
                     Statute
                     the
                     
                       Assumption
                       ,
                    
                     we
                     find
                     no
                     way
                     how
                     to
                     avoyd
                     the
                     
                       Conclusion
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
            
          
        
         
           
             §.
             IV.
             
          
           
             of
             the
             Second
             Article
             of
             the
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             FIrst
             ,
             it
             cannot
             but
             affect
             us
             with
             some
             griefe
             and
             Amazement
             ,
             
             to
             see
             that
             antient
             forme
             of
             Church-Government
             ,
             which
             we
             heartily
             (
             and
             ,
             as
             we
             hope
             ,
             worthily
             )
             honour
             ;
             as
             under
             which
             our
             Religion
             was
             at
             first
             so
             orderly
             ,
             without
             violence
             or
             tumult
             ,
             and
             so
             happily
             ,
             reformed
             ;
             and
             hath
             since
             so
             long
             flourished
             with
             Truth
             and
             Peace
             ,
             to
             the
             honour
             and
             happinesse
             of
             our
             owne
             ,
             and
             the
             envy
             and
             admiration
             of
             other
             Nations
             ,
             not
             only
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Endeavoured
                 to
                 be
                 extirpated
                 ;
                 without
                 any
                 reason
                 offered
                 to
                 our
                 understandings
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 it
                 should
                 be
                 thought
                 necessary
                 ,
                 or
                 but
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 expedient
                 so
                 to
                 doe
                 .
                 But
                 also
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Ranked
                 with
                 
                   Popery
                   ,
                   Superstition
                   ,
                   Heresie
                   ,
                   Schisme
                
                 and
                 
                   Prophanesse
                   ;
                
                 which
                 we
                 unfainedly
                 professe
                 our selves
                 to
                 detest
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 any
                 others
                 whatsoever
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 And
                 that
                 with
                 some
                 intimation
                 also
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 that
                 Government
                 were
                 some
                 way
                 or
                 other
                 so
                 
                   contrary
                   to
                   sound
                   doctrine
                   ,
                   or
                   the
                   power
                   of
                   godlinesse
                   ,
                
                 that
                 whosoever
                 should
                 not
                 endeavour
                 
                 the
                 extirpation
                 thereof
                 must
                 of
                 necessity
                 
                   partake
                   in
                   other
                   mens
                   sins
                   ,
                
                 which
                 we
                 cannot
                 yet
                 be
                 perswaded
                 to
                 believe
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 And
                 we
                 desire
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 considered
                 ,
                 in
                 case
                 a
                 Covenant
                 of
                 like
                 forme
                 should
                 be
                 tender'd
                 to
                 the
                 Citizens
                 of
                 
                   London
                   ,
                
                 wherein
                 they
                 should
                 be
                 required
                 to
                 sweare
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 sincerely
                 ,
                 really
                 and
                 constantly
                 without
                 respect
                 of
                 persons
                 ,
                 endeavour
                 the
                 extirpation
                 of
                 
                   Treason
                   ,
                   the
                   City
                   Government
                
                 (
                 by
                 a
                 Lord
                 Major
                 ,
                 Aldermen
                 ,
                 Sheriffes
                 ,
                 Common-Councel
                 and
                 other
                 officers
                 depending
                 thereon
                 )
                 
                   Murther
                   ,
                   Adultery
                   ,
                   Theft
                   ,
                   Cosenage
                   ,
                   and
                   whatsoever
                   shall
                   be
                   ,
                
                 —
                 &c.
                 
                   lest
                   they
                   should
                   partake
                   in
                   other
                   mens
                   sinnes
                   ;
                
                 whether
                 such
                 a
                 tendry
                 could
                 be
                 looked
                 upon
                 by
                 any
                 Citizen
                 that
                 had
                 the
                 least
                 spirit
                 of
                 freedome
                 in
                 him
                 as
                 an
                 act
                 of
                 Justice
                 ,
                 Meeknesse
                 and
                 Reason
                 ?
              
            
          
           
             
             Secondly
             ,
             for
             Episcopall
             Government
             ;
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             how
             we
             can
             with
             a
             good
             Conscience
             sweare
             to
             endeavour
             the
             extirpation
             thereof
             ,
             1.
             in
             
               respect
               of
               the
               thing
               it selfe
               .
            
             Concerning
             which
             government
             we
             thinke
             we
             have
             reason
             to
             believe
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 That
                 it
                 is
                 (
                 if
                 not
                 
                   Iure
                   divino
                
                 in
                 the
                 strictest
                 sense
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 expressely
                 commanded
                 by
                 God
                 in
                 his
                 Word
                 ,
                 yet
                 )
                 of
                 
                   Apostolicall
                   institution
                   ,
                
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 was
                 established
                 in
                 the
                 Churches
                 by
                 the
                 Apostles
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 mind
                 and
                 after
                 the
                 example
                 of
                 their
                 Master
                 
                   Iesus
                   Christ
                   ,
                
                 and
                 that
                 by
                 virtue
                 of
                 their
                 ordinary
                 power
                 and
                 authority
                 derived
                 from
                 him
                 ,
                 as
                 deputed
                 by
                 him
                 Governors
                 of
                 his
                 Church
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Or
                 at
                 least
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   Episcopall
                   Aristocracy
                
                 hath
                 a
                 fairer
                 pretension
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 lay
                 a
                 juster
                 title
                 and
                 claime
                 to
                 a
                 Divine
                 institution
                 then
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 formes
                 of
                 Church-Government
                 can
                 doe
                 ;
                 all
                 which
                 yet
                 do
                 pretend
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Papall
                   Monarchy
                   ,
                
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Presbyterian
                   Democracy
                   ,
                
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Independents
                
                 by
                 Particular
                 Congregations
                 ,
                 or
                 Gathered
                 Churches
                 .
              
            
          
           
             2.
             
             But
             we
             are
             assured
             by
             the
             undoubted
             testimony
             of
             Antient
             Records
             and
             later
             Histories
             ,
             that
             this
             forme
             of
             Government
             hath
             beene
             continued
             with
             such
             an
             universall
             ,
             uninterrupted
             ,
             unquestioned
             succession
             in
             all
             the
             Churches
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             in
             all
             Kingdomes
             that
             have
             beene
             called
             Christian
             throughout
             the
             whole
             
             world
             ▪
             for
             fifteen
             hundred
             yeers
             together
             ;
             that
             there
             never
             was
             in
             all
             that
             time
             any
             considerable
             opposition
             made
             there
             against
             .
             That
             of
             
               Aërius
            
             was
             the
             greatest
             ,
             wherein
             yet
             there
             was
             little
             of
             consideration
             ,
             beside
             these
             two
             things
             :
             that
             it
             grew
             at
             the
             first
             but
             out
             of
             discontent
             ;
             and
             gained
             him
             at
             the
             last
             but
             the
             reputation
             of
             an
             Heretique
             .
             From
             which
             antiquity
             and
             continuance
             ▪
             we
             have
             just
             cause
             to
             fear
             ,
             that
             to
             endeavour
             the
             extirpation
             thereof
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Would
                 give
                 such
                 advantage
                 to
                 the
                 Papists
                 ,
                 who
                 usually
                 object
                 against
                 us
                 ,
                 and
                 our
                 Religion
                 ,
                 the
                 contempt
                 of
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 love
                 of
                 novelty
                 ;
                 that
                 we
                 should
                 not
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 wipe
                 off
                 the
                 aspersion
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Would
                 so
                 diminish
                 the
                 just
                 authority
                 due
                 to
                 the
                 consentient
                 judgement
                 and
                 practice
                 of
                 the
                 universall
                 Church
                 (
                 the
                 best
                 interpreter
                 of
                 Scripture
                 in
                 things
                 not
                 clearly
                 exprest
                 ;
                 for
                 
                   Lex
                   currit
                   cum
                   praxi
                   :
                   )
                
                 that
                 without
                 it
                 we
                 should
                 be
                 at
                 a
                 losse
                 in
                 sundry
                 points
                 both
                 of
                 
                   Faith
                
                 and
                 
                   Manners
                   ,
                
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 firmely
                 believed
                 and
                 securely
                 practiced
                 by
                 us
                 ;
                 when
                 by
                 the
                 Socinians
                 ,
                 Anabaptists
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Sectaries
                 we
                 should
                 be
                 called
                 upon
                 for
                 our
                 proofes
                 .
                 As
                 namely
                 sundry
                 Orthodoxall
                 explications
                 concerning
                 the
                 Trinity
                 and
                 Co-equality
                 of
                 the
                 Persons
                 in
                 the
                 God-head
                 ,
                 against
                 the
                 Arians
                 and
                 other
                 Heretiques
                 ;
                 the
                 number
                 ,
                 use
                 and
                 efficacy
                 of
                 Sacraments
                 ;
                 the
                 Baptising
                 of
                 Infants
                 ;
                 Nationall
                 Churches
                 ;
                 the
                 observation
                 of
                 the
                 Lords-Day
                 ;
                 and
                 even
                 the
                 Canon
                 of
                 Scripture
                 it self
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             
               in
               respect
               of
               our selves
               ;
            
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             ,
             how
             it
             
             can
             stand
             with
             the
             principles
             of
             
               Iustice
               ,
               Ingenuity
               ,
            
             and
             
               Humanity
               ,
            
             to
             require
             the
             extirpation
             of
             Episcopall
             Government
             (
             unlesse
             it
             had
             been
             first
             cleerly
             demonstrated
             to
             be
             unlawful
             )
             to
             be
             sincerely
             and
             really
             endeavoured
             ,
             by
             us
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Who
                 have
                 all
                 of
                 us
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 taken
                 any
                 Degree
                 by
                 subscribing
                 the
                 39.
                 
                 Articles
                 ,
                 testified
                 our
                 approbation
                 of
                 that
                 Government
                 :
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 
                   a
                
                 Articles
                 affirming
                 the
                 very
                 Book
                 containing
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 
                   their
                   Consecration
                
                 to
                 contain
                 in
                 it
                 nothing
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 Word
                 of
                 God
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Who
                 have
                 most
                 of
                 us
                 (
                 
                   viz.
                
                 as
                 many
                 as
                 have
                 entred
                 into
                 the
                 Ministery
                 )
                 received
                 Orders
                 from
                 their
                 hands
                 :
                 whom
                 we
                 
                 should
                 very
                 ill
                 requite
                 for
                 laying
                 their
                 hands
                 upon
                 us
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 should
                 now
                 lay
                 to
                 our
                 hands
                 to
                 root
                 them
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 cannot
                 tell
                 for
                 what
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Who
                 have
                 sundry
                 of
                 us
                 ,
                 since
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 this
                 Parliament
                 ,
                 subscribed
                 our
                 names
                 to
                 Petitions
                 exhibited
                 or
                 intended
                 to
                 be
                 exhibited
                 to
                 that
                 High
                 Court
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 continuance
                 of
                 that
                 Government
                 .
                 Which
                 as
                 we
                 then
                 did
                 sincerely
                 and
                 really
                 ,
                 so
                 we
                 should
                 with
                 like
                 sincerity
                 and
                 reality
                 ,
                 still
                 (
                 not
                 having
                 met
                 with
                 any
                 thing
                 since
                 to
                 shew
                 us
                 our
                 errour
                 )
                 be
                 ready
                 to
                 doe
                 the
                 same
                 again
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 had
                 the
                 same
                 hopes
                 we
                 then
                 had
                 of
                 the
                 reception
                 of
                 such
                 Petitions
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 Who
                 hold
                 some
                 of
                 us
                 our
                 livelyhood
                 ,
                 either
                 in
                 whole
                 or
                 in
                 part
                 ,
                 by
                 those
                 titles
                 of
                 
                   Deanes
                   ,
                   Deanes
                   and
                   Chapters
                   ,
                   &c.
                
                 mentioned
                 in
                 the
                 Articles
                 ;
                 being
                 members
                 of
                 some
                 Collegiate
                 or
                 Cathedrall
                 Churches
                 .
                 And
                 our
                 memories
                 will
                 not
                 readily
                 serve
                 us
                 with
                 any
                 example
                 in
                 this
                 kind
                 since
                 the
                 world
                 began
                 ;
                 wherein
                 any
                 state
                 or
                 profession
                 of
                 men
                 ,
                 though
                 convicted
                 (
                 as
                 we
                 are
                 not
                 )
                 of
                 a
                 crime
                 that
                 might
                 deserve
                 deprivation
                 ,
                 were
                 required
                 to
                 bind
                 themselves
                 by
                 oath
                 ,
                 
                   sincerely
                   and
                   really
                   to
                   endeavour
                
                 the
                 rooting
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 (
                 in
                 it selfe
                 not
                 unlawfull
                 )
                 together
                 wherewith
                 they
                 must
                 also
                 root
                 out
                 themselves
                 ,
                 their
                 estates
                 and
                 livelyhoods
                 .
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 Especially
                 it
                 being
                 usuall
                 in
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Churches
                 ,
                 that
                 such
                 persons
                 as
                 are
                 admitted
                 members
                 thereof
                 ,
                 have
                 a
                 personall
                 Oath
                 administred
                 unto
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 maintain
                 the
                 honour
                 ,
                 Immunities
                 ,
                 Libertyes
                 ,
                 and
                 profits
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 ;
                 and
                 whilst
                 they
                 live
                 to
                 seeke
                 the
                 good
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 to
                 doe
                 any
                 thing
                 to
                 the
                 hurt
                 ,
                 hindrance
                 ,
                 or
                 prejudice
                 thereof
                 ;
                 or
                 in
                 other
                 words
                 to
                 the
                 like
                 effect
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             Fourthly
             ,
             
               in
               respect
               of
               the
               Church
               of
               England
               :
            
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             how
             we
             can
             swear
             to
             endeavour
             the
             extirpation
             of
             the
             established
             Government
             ,
             no
             necessity
             or
             just
             Cause
             for
             so
             doing
             ,
             either
             offering
             it selfe
             ,
             or
             being
             offered
             to
             our
             understandings
             .
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Since
                 all
                 change
                 of
                 Government
                 unavoidably
                 bringeth
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 besides
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 present
                 and
                 evident
                 ,
                 sundry
                 other
                 inconveniences
                 ,
                 which
                 no
                 wit
                 of
                 man
                 can
                 possibly
                 fore-see
                 
                 to
                 provide
                 against
                 ,
                 till
                 late
                 experience
                 discover
                 them
                 :
                 We
                 cannot
                 be
                 sure
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 evils
                 which
                 may
                 ensue
                 upon
                 the
                 change
                 of
                 this
                 Government
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 hath
                 been
                 of
                 so
                 long
                 continuance
                 in
                 this
                 Kingdome
                 ,
                 is
                 so
                 deeply
                 rooted
                 in
                 the
                 Lawes
                 thereof
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 so
                 neere
                 a
                 conjunction
                 with
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 strong
                 an
                 influence
                 upon
                 the
                 Civill
                 State
                 and
                 Government
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 the
                 change
                 thereof
                 must
                 infer
                 the
                 necessity
                 of
                 a
                 great
                 alteration
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 other
                 also
                 ;
                 )
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 greater
                 then
                 the
                 supposed
                 evils
                 whatsoever
                 they
                 are
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 this
                 change
                 are
                 sought
                 to
                 be
                 remedied
                 .
                 For
                 there
                 are
                 not
                 yet
                 any
                 come
                 to
                 our
                 knowledge
                 of
                 that
                 desperate
                 nature
                 ,
                 as
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 capable
                 of
                 other
                 remedy
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 utter
                 extirpation
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 Government
                 it selfe
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Whereas
                 the
                 House
                 of
                 Commons
                 have
                 
                   b
                
                 remonstrated
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 far
                 from
                 their
                 purpose
                 or
                 desire
                 to
                 
                   abolish
                   the
                   Church-Government
                   ,
                
                 but
                 rather
                 that
                 
                   all
                   the
                   members
                   of
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   England
                   should
                   be
                   regulated
                   by
                   such
                   Rules
                   of
                   Order
                   and
                   Discipline
                   as
                   are
                   established
                   by
                   Parliament
                   ,
                
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 Malignancie
                 
                   to
                   infuse
                   into
                   the
                   people
                
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 any
                 other
                 meaning
                 :
                 We
                 are
                 loth
                 by
                 consenting
                 to
                 the
                 second
                 Article
                 to
                 become
                 guilty
                 of
                 such
                 
                   Infusion
                   ,
                
                 as
                 may
                 bring
                 us
                 within
                 the
                 compasse
                 and
                 danger
                 of
                 the
                 fourth
                 Article
                 of
                 this
                 Covenant
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Since
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 declared
                 by
                 sundry
                 
                   c
                
                 Acts
                 of
                 Parliament
                 ,
                 That
                 
                   the
                   holy
                   Church
                   of
                   England
                   was
                   founded
                   in
                   the
                   state
                   of
                   Prelacy
                   within
                   the
                   Realm
                   of
                   England
                   :
                
                 We
                 dare
                 not
                 by
                 endeavouring
                 the
                 extirpation
                 of
                 Prelacy
                 ,
                 strike
                 at
                 the
                 very
                 foundation
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 (
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 in
                 us
                 lyeth
                 )
                 cooperate
                 towards
                 the
                 ruine
                 of
                 this
                 famous
                 Church
                 ;
                 which
                 in
                 all
                 conscience
                 and
                 duty
                 we
                 are
                 bound
                 with
                 our
                 utmost
                 lawfull
                 power
                 to
                 uphold
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             
               in
               respect
               of
               our
               Obligations
               to
               His
               Majesty
            
             by
             our
             Duty
             
             
             and
             oathes
             :
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             how
             we
             can
             swear
             to
             endeavour
             the
             extirpation
             of
             the
             Church-Government
             by
             Law
             established
             ,
             without
             forfeiture
             of
             those
             Obligations
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               Having
               in
               the
               Oath
               of
               Supremacie
               acknowledged
               the
               King
               to
               be
               
                 the
                 onely
                 Supreme
                 Governour
                 in
                 all
                 Ecclesiasticall
                 Causes
                 and
                 over
                 all
                 Ecclesiasticall
                 Persons
                 ;
              
               and
               having
               bound
               our selves
               both
               in
               that
               Oath
               ,
               and
               by
               our
               Protestation
               ,
               
                 To
                 maintain
                 the
                 Kings
                 Honour
                 ,
                 Estate
                 ,
                 Iurisdictions
                 ,
              
               and
               all
               manner
               of
               Rights
               :
               it
               is
               cleare
               to
               our
               understandings
               ,
               that
               we
               cannot
               without
               disloyalty
               and
               injury
               to
               Him
               ,
               and
               double
               Perjury
               to
               our selves
               ,
               take
               upon
               us
               without
               his
               consent
               to
               make
               any
               alteration
               in
               the
               Ecclesiasticall
               Lawes
               or
               Government
               ,
               much
               lesse
               to
               endeavour
               the
               extirpation
               thereof
               :
               Unlesse
               the
               imposers
               of
               this
               Covenant
               had
               a
               power
               and
               meaning
               (
               which
               they
               have
               openly
               
                 d
              
               disclaimed
               )
               to
               absolve
               us
               of
               that
               Obedience
               ,
               which
               under
               God
               we
               owe
               unto
               His
               Majesty
               ,
               whom
               they
               know
               to
               be
               intrusted
               with
               the
               Ecclesiasticall
               Law
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               We
               cannot
               sincerely
               and
               really
               endeavour
               the
               extirpation
               of
               this
               Government
               ,
               without
               a
               sincere
               desire
               and
               reall
               endeavour
               ,
               that
               His
               Majesty
               would
               grant
               His
               Royall
               Assent
               to
               such
               extirpation
               .
               Which
               we
               are
               so
               far
               from
               desiring
               and
               endeavouring
               ,
               that
               we
               hold
               it
               our
               bounden
               duty
               by
               our
               daily
               prayers
               to
               beg
               at
               the
               hands
               of
               Almighty
               God
               ,
               that
               he
               would
               not
               for
               our
               sins
               suffer
               the
               King
               to
               doe
               an
               act
               so
               prejudiciall
               to
               his
               honour
               and
               conscience
               ,
               as
               to
               consent
               to
               the
               rooting
               out
               of
               that
               estate
               ,
               which
               by
               so
               many
               branches
               of
               his
               
                 e
              
               
                 Coronation
                 Oath
                 ,
              
               he
               hath
               in
               such
               a
               solemne
               manner
               
               sworn
               by
               the
               assistance
               of
               God
               to
               his
               power
               to
               maintain
               and
               preserve
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               By
               the
               Lawes
               of
               this
               Land
               ,
               
                 f
              
               the
               
                 Collation
              
               of
               
                 Bishopricks
              
               and
               
                 g
              
               
                 Deanries
                 ;
              
               the
               
                 h
              
               
                 fruits
              
               and
               
                 profits
              
               of
               their
               Lands
               and
               Revenues
               during
               their
               vacancies
               ;
               the
               
                 i
              
               
                 first
                 fruits
                 and
                 yearly
                 tenths
              
               out
               of
               all
               Ecclesiasticall
               Promotions
               ;
               and
               sundry
               other
               Privileges
               ,
               Profits
               ,
               and
               Emoluments
               ,
               arising
               out
               of
               the
               State
               Ecclesiasticall
               ,
               are
               established
               in
               the
               Crown
               ,
               and
               are
               a
               considerable
               part
               of
               the
               Revenues
               thereof
               ;
               which
               ,
               by
               the
               extirpation
               of
               Prelacy
               ,
               as
               it
               is
               in
               the
               Article
               expounded
               ,
               or
               by
               subsequent
               practice
               evidenced
               ,
               will
               be
               severed
               and
               cut
               off
               from
               the
               Crown
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               prejudice
               and
               damage
               thereof
               .
               Whereunto
               ,
               as
               we
               ought
               not
               in
               common
               reason
               ,
               and
               in
               order
               to
               our
               Allegiance
               as
               Subjects
               ,
               yeeld
               our
               consent
               ;
               so
               having
               sworn
               expresly
               
                 to
                 maintain
                 the
                 Kings
                 honour
                 and
                 estate
                 ,
              
               and
               to
               our
               power
               to
               assist
               and
               defend
               all
               Jurisdictions
               ,
               &c.
               belonging
               to
               His
               Highnesse
               ,
               or
               united
               and
               annexed
               to
               the
               Imperiall
               Crown
               of
               the
               Realm
               ,
               we
               cannot
               without
               manifest
               Perjury
               (
               as
               we
               conceive
               )
               consent
               thereunto
               .
            
             
               4.
               
               The
               Government
               of
               this
               Realm
               being
               confessedly
               an
               
                 Empire
              
               or
               
                 k
              
               
                 Monarchy
                 ,
              
               and
               that
               of
               a
               most
               excellent
               temper
               and
               constitution
               :
               we
               understand
               not
               how
               it
               can
               become
               us
               to
               desire
               or
               endeavour
               the
               extirpation
               of
               that
               Government
               in
               the
               Church
               ,
               which
               we
               conceive
               to
               be
               incomparably
               of
               all
               other
               the
               most
               agreeable
               ,
               and
               no
               way
               prejudiciall
               to
               the
               state
               of
               so
               well
               a
               constituted
               Monarchy
               .
               In
               so
               much
               as
               King
               JAMES
               would
               often
               say
               ,
               what
               his
               long
               experience
               had
               taught
               him
               ,
               
                 No
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 no
                 King
                 .
              
               Which
               Aphorisme
               ,
               though
               we
               find
               in
               sundry
               Pamphlets
               of
               late
               yeares
               to
               have
               been
               exploded
               with
               much
               confidence
               and
               scorn
               ;
               yet
               we
               must
               professe
               to
               have
               met
               with
               very
               little
               in
               the
               proceedings
               of
               the
               late
               times
               ,
               to
               weaken
               our
               belief
               of
               it
               .
               And
               we
               
               hope
               we
               shall
               be
               the
               lesse
               blamed
               for
               our
               unwillingnesse
               to
               have
               any
               actuall
               concurrence
               in
               the
               extirpating
               of
               Episcopall
               Government
               :
               seeing
               of
               such
               extirpation
               there
               is
               no
               other
               use
               imaginable
               ,
               but
               either
               the
               alienation
               of
               their
               Revenues
               and
               Inheritances
               ,
               (
               which
               how
               it
               can
               be
               severed
               from
               
                 Sacrilege
              
               and
               
                 Injustice
              
               we
               leave
               others
               to
               find
               out
               )
               or
               to
               make
               way
               for
               the
               introducing
               of
               some
               other
               form
               of
               Church-Government
               :
               which
               whatsoever
               it
               shall
               be
               ,
               will
               (
               as
               we
               think
               )
               prove
               either
               destructive
               of
               ,
               and
               inconsistent
               with
               Monarchicall
               Government
               ,
               or
               at
               least-wise
               more
               prejudiciall
               to
               the
               peaceable
               ,
               orderly
               ,
               and
               effectuall
               exercise
               thereof
               ,
               then
               a
               well-regulated
               Episcopacy
               can
               possibly
               be
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             §.
             V.
             
          
           
             Of
             the
             other
             parts
             of
             the
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             HAving
             insisted
             the
             more
             upon
             the
             two
             first
             Articles
             ,
             that
             concern
             Religion
             and
             the
             Church
             ,
             and
             wherein
             our selves
             have
             a
             more
             proper
             concernment
             :
             We
             shall
             need
             to
             insist
             the
             lesse
             upon
             those
             that
             follow
             ,
             contenting
             our selves
             with
             a
             few
             (
             the
             most
             obvious
             )
             of
             those
             many
             great
             ,
             and
             (
             as
             we
             conceive
             )
             just
             exceptions
             ,
             that
             lye
             there
             against
             .
          
           
             
             In
             the
             third
             Article
             ,
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             that
             our
             endeavour
             to
             preserve
             and
             defend
             the
             Kings
             Majesties
             Person
             and
             Authority
             is
             so
             limited
             ,
             as
             there
             it
             is
             ,
             by
             that
             addition
             ,
             
               In
               the
               Preservation
               and
               defence
               of
               the
               true
               Religion
               ,
               and
               Libertyes
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               .
            
             Forasmuch
             as
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 No
                 such
                 limitation
                 of
                 our
                 duty
                 in
                 that
                 behalf
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 ,
                 either
                 in
                 the
                 Oathes
                 ▪
                 of
                 Supremacy
                 and
                 Alleagiance
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 no
                 Papist
                 would
                 refuse
                 to
                 take
                 with
                 such
                 a
                 limitation
                 )
                 nor
                 in
                 the
                 Protestation
                 ,
                 nor
                 in
                 the
                 Word
                 of
                 God
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Our
                 endeavour
                 to
                 preserve
                 the
                 Rights
                 and
                 Privileges
                 of
                 Parliaments
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Libertyes
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 ,
                 is
                 required
                 to
                 be
                 sworn
                 of
                 us
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Article
                 without
                 the
                 like
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 limitation
                 added
                 thereunto
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Such
                 limitation
                 leaveth
                 the
                 duty
                 of
                 the
                 Subject
                 ,
                 at
                 so
                 much
                 loosenesse
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 safety
                 of
                 the
                 King
                 at
                 so
                 great
                 uncertainty
                 ;
                 
                 that
                 whensoever
                 the
                 People
                 shall
                 have
                 a
                 mind
                 to
                 withdraw
                 their
                 obedience
                 ,
                 they
                 cannot
                 want
                 a
                 pretence
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 same
                 for
                 so
                 doing
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 After
                 we
                 should
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 very
                 last
                 thing
                 we
                 did
                 (
                 
                   viz.
                
                 swearing
                 with
                 such
                 a
                 limitation
                 )
                 have
                 made
                 our selves
                 guilty
                 of
                 an
                 actuall
                 and
                 reall
                 diminution
                 (
                 as
                 we
                 conceive
                 )
                 of
                 His
                 Majesties
                 just
                 power
                 and
                 greatnesse
                 :
                 the
                 obtestation
                 would
                 seem
                 very
                 unseasonable
                 (
                 at
                 the
                 least
                 )
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 breath
                 to
                 call
                 the
                 world
                 to
                 bear
                 witnesse
                 with
                 our
                 Consciences
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 had
                 no
                 thoughts
                 or
                 intentions
                 to
                 diminish
                 the
                 same
                 .
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 The
                 swearing
                 with
                 such
                 a
                 limitation
                 is
                 a
                 Testimony
                 of
                 the
                 Subjects
                 Loyaltie
                 (
                 to
                 our
                 seeming
                 )
                 of
                 a
                 very
                 strange
                 nature
                 :
                 which
                 ,
                 the
                 Principles
                 of
                 their
                 severall
                 Religions
                 salved
                 ,
                 the
                 Conscience
                 of
                 a
                 most
                 resolure
                 Papist
                 or
                 Sectary
                 may
                 securely
                 swallow
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Conscience
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 Protestant
                 cannot
                 but
                 strein
                 at
                 .
              
            
          
           
             In
             the
             fourth
             Article
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 We
                 desire
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 considered
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 imposing
                 of
                 
                 the
                 Covenant
                 in
                 this
                 Article
                 do
                 not
                 lay
                 a
                 necessity
                 upon
                 the
                 Son
                 ,
                 of
                 accusing
                 his
                 own
                 Father
                 ,
                 and
                 pursuing
                 him
                 to
                 destruction
                 ;
                 in
                 case
                 he
                 should
                 be
                 an
                 Incendiary
                 ,
                 Malignant
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 evill
                 Instrument
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Article
                 is
                 described
                 .
                 A
                 course
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 conceive
                 to
                 be
                 contrary
                 to
                 Religion
                 ,
                 Nature
                 and
                 Humanity
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Whether
                 the
                 swearing
                 according
                 to
                 this
                 Article
                 ,
                 doth
                 not
                 rather
                 open
                 a
                 ready
                 way
                 ,
                 to
                 Children
                 that
                 are
                 sick
                 of
                 the
                 Father
                 ,
                 Husbands
                 that
                 are
                 weary
                 of
                 their
                 Wives
                 ,
                 &c.
                 by
                 appealing
                 such
                 ,
                 as
                 stand
                 between
                 them
                 and
                 their
                 desires
                 ,
                 of
                 Malignancy
                 ,
                 the
                 better
                 to
                 effectuate
                 their
                 unlawfull
                 intentions
                 and
                 designes
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Our selves
                 having
                 solemnly
                 protested
                 to
                 maintain
                 the
                 Liberty
                 of
                 the
                 Subject
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 House
                 of
                 Commons
                 having
                 publiquely
                 declared
                 against
                 the
                 exercise
                 of
                 an
                 Arbitrary
                 Power
                 ,
                 with
                 Order
                 that
                 their
                 said
                 Declaration
                 should
                 be
                 printed
                 and
                 published
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Parish-Churches
                 and
                 Chappells
                 of
                 the
                 Kindome
                 ,
                 there
                 to
                 stand
                 and
                 remaine
                 as
                 a
                 testimony
                 of
                 the
                 clearnesse
                 of
                 their
                 intentions
                 ;
                 whether
                 the
                 
                 subjecting
                 of
                 our selves
                 and
                 brethren
                 by
                 Oath
                 ,
                 unto
                 such
                 punishments
                 as
                 shall
                 be
                 inflicted
                 upon
                 us
                 (
                 without
                 Law
                 or
                 Merit
                 )
                 at
                 the
                 sole
                 pleasure
                 of
                 such
                 uncertaine
                 Judges
                 as
                 shall
                 be
                 upon
                 any
                 particular
                 occasion
                 
                   deputed
                   for
                   that
                   effect
                   ,
                
                 of
                 what
                 mean
                 quality
                 or
                 abilities
                 soever
                 they
                 be
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 taking
                 away
                 of
                 our
                 lives
                 ,
                 
                   if
                   they
                   shall
                   think
                   it
                   convenient
                   so
                   to
                   doe
                   ,
                
                 though
                 the
                 degree
                 of
                 our
                 offences
                 shall
                 not
                 require
                 or
                 deserve
                 the
                 same
                 ;
                 be
                 not
                 the
                 betraying
                 of
                 our
                 Liberty
                 in
                 the
                 lowest
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 setting
                 up
                 of
                 an
                 Arbitrary
                 Power
                 in
                 the
                 highest
                 degree
                 ,
                 that
                 can
                 be
                 imagined
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             The
             substance
             of
             the
             fift
             Article
             ,
             being
             the
             settling
             and
             continuance
             of
             a
             firm
             peace
             and
             union
             between
             the
             three
             Kingdomes
             ,
             since
             it
             is
             our
             bounden
             duty
             to
             desire
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             our
             severall
             places
             and
             interests
             by
             all
             lawfull
             meanes
             to
             endeavour
             the
             same
             :
             we
             should
             make
             no
             scruple
             at
             all
             to
             enter
             into
             a
             Covenant
             to
             that
             purpose
             ,
             were
             it
             not
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 That
                 we
                 doe
                 not
                 see
                 ,
                 nor
                 therefore
                 can
                 acknowledge
                 
                   the
                   happinesse
                   of
                   such
                   a
                   blessed
                   Peace
                   between
                   the
                
                 three
                 
                   Kingdomes
                
                 (
                 for
                 we
                 hope
                 Ireland
                 is
                 not
                 forgotten
                 )
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Article
                 is
                 mentioned
                 :
                 So
                 long
                 as
                 Ireland
                 is
                 at
                 War
                 within
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 both
                 the
                 other
                 Kingdomes
                 engaged
                 in
                 that
                 War
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 That
                 since
                 no
                 peace
                 can
                 be
                 firme
                 and
                 well-grounded
                 that
                 is
                 not
                 bottom'd
                 upon
                 Justice
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 proper
                 and
                 adequate
                 act
                 whereof
                 is
                 ,
                 
                   Ius
                   suum
                   cuique
                   ,
                
                 to
                 let
                 every
                 one
                 have
                 that
                 which
                 of
                 right
                 belongeth
                 unto
                 him
                 ;
                 we
                 cannot
                 conceive
                 how
                 a
                 firm
                 and
                 lasting
                 Peace
                 can
                 be
                 established
                 in
                 these
                 Kingdomes
                 ,
                 unlesse
                 the
                 respective
                 Authority
                 ,
                 Power
                 ,
                 and
                 Liberty
                 of
                 
                   King
                   ,
                   Parliament
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   Subject
                   ,
                
                 as
                 well
                 every
                 one
                 as
                 other
                 ,
                 be
                 preserved
                 full
                 and
                 entire
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 known
                 Lawes
                 and
                 continued
                 unquestioned
                 customes
                 of
                 the
                 severall
                 Kingdomes
                 in
                 former
                 times
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 these
                 sad
                 distractions
                 .
              
            
          
           
             In
             the
             sixth
             Article
             we
             are
             altogether
             unsatisfied
             .
             
               
                 
                 1.
                 
                 The
                 whole
                 Article
                 being
                 grounded
                 upon
                 a
                 supposition
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 not
                 yet
                 been
                 evidenced
                 to
                 us
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                
                 that
                 
                   this
                   Cause
                   ,
                
                 meaning
                 thereby
                 (
                 or
                 else
                 we
                 understand
                 it
                 not
                 )
                 the
                 joyning
                 in
                 this
                 Covenant
                 of
                 mutuall
                 defence
                 for
                 the
                 prosecuon
                 
                 of
                 the
                 late
                 War
                 ,
                 was
                 
                   the
                   cause
                   of
                   Religion
                   ,
                   Liberty
                   ,
                   and
                   Peace
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdomes
                   ;
                
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 so
                 much
                 concerned
                 
                   the
                   Glory
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   good
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdomes
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Honour
                   of
                   the
                   King
                   .
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 If
                 all
                 the
                 Premisses
                 were
                 so
                 cleare
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 durst
                 yeeld
                 our
                 free
                 assent
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 yet
                 were
                 they
                 not
                 sufficient
                 to
                 warrant
                 to
                 our
                 consciences
                 what
                 in
                 this
                 Article
                 is
                 required
                 to
                 be
                 sworn
                 of
                 us
                 ;
                 unlesse
                 we
                 were
                 as
                 clearly
                 satisfied
                 concerning
                 the
                 lawfulnesse
                 of
                 the
                 means
                 to
                 be
                 used
                 for
                 the
                 supporting
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 Cause
                 .
                 For
                 since
                 evill
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 done
                 ,
                 that
                 good
                 may
                 come
                 thereof
                 ;
                 we
                 cannot
                 yet
                 be
                 perswaded
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   the
                   Cause
                   of
                   Religion
                   ,
                   Liberty
                   ,
                   and
                   Peace
                   ,
                
                 may
                 be
                 supported
                 ;
                 or
                 
                   the
                   Glory
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   the
                   Good
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdomes
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Honour
                   of
                   the
                   King
                
                 sought
                 to
                 be
                 advanced
                 ,
                 by
                 such
                 means
                 ,
                 as
                 (
                 to
                 our
                 best
                 understandings
                 )
                 are
                 both
                 improper
                 for
                 those
                 Ends
                 ,
                 and
                 destitute
                 of
                 all
                 warrant
                 from
                 the
                 Lawes
                 ,
                 either
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 this
                 Realm
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             in
             the
             conclusion
             ,
             our
             hearts
             tremble
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             we
             
             should
             be
             required
             to
             pray
             that
             
               other
               Christian
               Churches
               might
               be
               encouraged
               by
               our
               example
               to
               joyn
               in
               the
               like
               Association
               and
               Covenant
               ,
               to
               free
               themselves
               from
               the
               Antichristian
               yoke
               ,
               &c.
            
             Wherein
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 To
                 omit
                 that
                 we
                 doe
                 not
                 know
                 any
                 
                   Antichristian
                   yoke
                
                 under
                 which
                 we
                 were
                 held
                 in
                 these
                 Kingdomes
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 which
                 we
                 owe
                 to
                 this
                 either
                 War
                 or
                 Covenant
                 our
                 freedome
                 :
                 unlesse
                 by
                 the
                 Antichristian
                 yoke
                 be
                 meant
                 Episcopall
                 Government
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 hope
                 no
                 man
                 that
                 pretendeth
                 to
                 Truth
                 and
                 Charity
                 will
                 affirm
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 We
                 doe
                 not
                 yet
                 see
                 in
                 the
                 fruits
                 of
                 this
                 Association
                 or
                 Covenant
                 among
                 our selves
                 ,
                 any
                 thing
                 so
                 lovely
                 as
                 to
                 invite
                 us
                 to
                 desire
                 (
                 much
                 lesse
                 to
                 pray
                 )
                 that
                 other
                 Christian
                 Churches
                 should
                 follow
                 our
                 example
                 herein
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 To
                 pray
                 to
                 the
                 purpose
                 in
                 the
                 conclusion
                 of
                 the
                 Covenant
                 expressed
                 ,
                 seemeth
                 to
                 us
                 all
                 one
                 in
                 effect
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 beseech
                 Almighty
                 God
                 ,
                 the
                 God
                 of
                 Love
                 and
                 Peace
                 ,
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     To
                     take
                     all
                     Love
                     and
                     Peace
                     out
                     of
                     the
                     hearts
                     of
                     Christians
                     ,
                     and
                     to
                     set
                     the
                     whole
                     Christian
                     world
                     in
                     a
                     combustion
                     .
                  
                   
                   
                     2.
                     
                     To
                     render
                     the
                     Reformed
                     Religion
                     ,
                     and
                     all
                     Protestants
                     odious
                     to
                     all
                     the
                     world
                     .
                  
                   
                     3.
                     
                     To
                     provoke
                     the
                     Princes
                     of
                     
                       Europe
                    
                     to
                     use
                     more
                     severity
                     towards
                     those
                     of
                     the
                     Reformed
                     Religion
                     :
                     if
                     not
                     (
                     for
                     their
                     own
                     security
                     )
                     to
                     root
                     them
                     quite
                     out
                     of
                     their
                     severall
                     Dominions
                     .
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                     The
                     tyrannie
                     and
                     yoke
                     of
                     Antichrist
                     ,
                     if
                     laid
                     upon
                     the
                     necks
                     of
                     Subjects
                     by
                     their
                     lawfull
                     Soveraigns
                     ,
                     is
                     to
                     be
                     thrown
                     off
                     by
                     
                       Christian
                       boldnes
                    
                     in
                     confessing
                     the
                     Truth
                     ,
                     and
                     
                       Patient
                       suffering
                    
                     for
                     it
                     ;
                     not
                     by
                     taking
                     up
                     Arms
                     ,
                     or
                     violent
                     resistance
                     of
                     the
                     Higher
                     Powers
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
        
         
           
             §.
             VI
             .
          
           
             Some
             Considerations
             concerning
             the
             meaning
             of
             the
             Covenant
             .
          
           
             OUr
             aforesaid
             scruples
             are
             much
             strengthned
             by
             these
             ensuing
             Considerations
             .
          
           
             First
             ,
             that
             whereas
             no
             Oath
             ,
             which
             is
             contradictory
             to
             it selfe
             ,
             can
             be
             taken
             without
             Perjury
             ;
             because
             the
             one
             part
             of
             every
             contradiction
             must
             needs
             be
             false
             :
             this
             Covenant
             either
             indeed
             containeth
             ,
             or
             at
             leastwise
             (
             which
             to
             the
             point
             of
             conscience
             is
             not
             much
             lesse
             effectuall
             )
             seemeth
             to
             us
             to
             contain
             sundry
             Contradictions
             :
             as
             namely
             ,
             amongst
             others
             ,
             these
             :
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 To
                 preserve
                 as
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 without
                 change
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 to
                 reforme
                 and
                 alter
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 to
                 preserve
                 ,
                 
                   one
                   and
                   the
                   same
                   Reformed
                   Religion
                   .
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Absolutely
                 and
                 without
                 exception
                 
                   to
                   preserve
                   ;
                
                 and
                 yet
                 upon
                 supposition
                 to
                 
                   extirpate
                
                 the
                 self-same
                 thing
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                
                 the
                 present
                 Religion
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Scotland
                   .
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 To
                 reform
                 Church-Government
                 established
                 in
                 
                   England
                
                 and
                 
                   Ireland
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Word
                   of
                   God
                   :
                
                 and
                 yet
                 to
                 extirpate
                 that
                 Government
                 which
                 we
                 are
                 perswaded
                 to
                 be
                 according
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 introducing
                 of
                 another
                 whereof
                 we
                 are
                 not
                 so
                 perswaded
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 To
                 endeavour
                 
                   really
                   the
                   extirpation
                   of
                   Heresies
                   ,
                   Schismes
                   and
                   Profanenesse
                   ;
                
                 and
                 yet
                 withall
                 to
                 extirpate
                 that
                 Government
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 the
                 want
                 of
                 the
                 due
                 exercise
                 whereof
                 we
                 conceive
                 
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 one
                 chief
                 cause
                 of
                 the
                 growth
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 evils
                 ;
                 and
                 doe
                 beleeve
                 the
                 restoring
                 and
                 continuance
                 thereof
                 would
                 be
                 the
                 most
                 proper
                 and
                 effectuall
                 remedy
                 .
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 
                   To
                   preserve
                   with
                   our
                   estates
                   and
                   lives
                   ,
                   the
                   liberties
                   of
                   the
                   Kingdome
                   ;
                
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Protestation
                 is
                 explained
                 )
                 of
                 the
                 Subject
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 contrary
                 to
                 these
                 liberties
                 ,
                 to
                 submit
                 to
                 the
                 imposition
                 of
                 this
                 
                   Covenant
                   ,
                
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Negative
                   Oath
                
                 not
                 yet
                 established
                 by
                 Law
                 :
                 and
                 to
                 put
                 our
                 lives
                 and
                 estates
                 under
                 the
                 arbitrary
                 power
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 may
                 take
                 away
                 both
                 from
                 us
                 when
                 they
                 please
                 ,
                 not
                 onely
                 without
                 ,
                 but
                 even
                 against
                 Law
                 ,
                 
                   if
                   they
                   shall
                   judge
                   it
                   convenient
                   so
                   to
                   doe
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             we
             find
             in
             the
             Covenant
             ,
             sundry
             expressions
             of
             dark
             
             or
             doubtfull
             construction
             :
             Whereunto
             we
             cannot
             sweare
             in
             judgement
             ,
             till
             their
             sense
             be
             cleared
             and
             agreed
             upon
             .
             As
             ,
             Who
             are
             the
             
               Common
               Enemies
               ?
            
             and
             which
             be
             
               the
               best
               Reformed
               Churches
               ?
            
             mentioned
             in
             the
             first
             Article
             .
             Who
             (
             in
             the
             fourth
             Article
             )
             are
             to
             be
             accounted
             
               Malignants
               ?
            
             How
             far
             that
             phrase
             of
             
               hindring
               Reformation
            
             may
             be
             extended
             ?
             What
             is
             meant
             by
             
               the
               supreme
               Iudicatory
               of
               both
               Kingdomes
               ?
            
             and
             sundry
             other
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             by
             the
             use
             that
             hath
             been
             made
             of
             this
             Covenant
             ,
             
             (
             sometimes
             to
             purposes
             of
             dangerous
             consequence
             )
             we
             are
             brought
             into
             some
             fears
             and
             jealousies
             ,
             lest
             by
             taking
             the
             same
             we
             should
             cast
             our selves
             into
             more
             snares
             then
             we
             are
             yet
             aware
             of
             .
             For
             in
             the
             first
             Article
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Whereas
                 we
                 are
                 
                   to
                   endeavour
                   the
                   Reformation
                   of
                   Religion
                   in
                   this
                   Kingdome
                   ,
                   in
                   Doctrine
                   ,
                   Worship
                   ,
                   Discipline
                   ,
                   and
                   Government
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   Word
                   of
                   God
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   example
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Reformed
                   Churches
                   :
                
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     The
                     Reformation
                     in
                     Worship
                     (
                     whereby
                     we
                     could
                     not
                     suppose
                     any
                     more
                     was
                     intended
                     (
                     according
                     to
                     their
                     former
                     
                       a
                    
                     Declaration
                     )
                     then
                     a
                     review
                     of
                     the
                     Service-book
                     ,
                     
                     that
                     the
                     translations
                     might
                     be
                     in
                     some
                     places
                     amended
                     ,
                     some
                     alterations
                     made
                     in
                     the
                     Offices
                     and
                     Rubricks
                     ;
                     or
                     at
                     most
                     some
                     of
                     the
                     Ceremonies
                     laid
                     aside
                     for
                     the
                     reasons
                     of
                     expediency
                     and
                     condescension
                     )
                     hath
                     produced
                     an
                     utter
                     abolition
                     of
                     the
                     whole
                     form
                     established
                     :
                     without
                     substituting
                     any
                     other
                     certain
                     form
                     in
                     the
                     room
                     thereof
                     .
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     The
                     Reformation
                     in
                     point
                     of
                     Discipline
                     and
                     Government
                     intended
                     (
                     so
                     far
                     as
                     by
                     the
                     overtures
                     hitherto
                     made
                     we
                     are
                     able
                     to
                     judge
                     )
                     is
                     such
                     ,
                     as
                     we
                     conceive
                     not
                     to
                     be
                     
                       according
                       to
                       the
                       Word
                       of
                       God
                       ,
                    
                     nor
                     (
                     for
                     any
                     thing
                     we
                     know
                     )
                     according
                     to
                     the
                     example
                     of
                     any
                     Church
                     that
                     ever
                     was
                     in
                     the
                     world
                     (
                     best
                     or
                     worst
                     )
                     since
                     the
                     Creation
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 In
                 the
                 second
                 Article
                 ,
                 our
                 griefe
                 and
                 fears
                 had
                 been
                 lesse
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 could
                 have
                 observed
                 
                   the
                   extirpation
                   of
                   Popery
                   ,
                   Heresie
                   ,
                   Schisme
                   ,
                   and
                   Profanenesse
                   ,
                
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 as
                 really
                 intended
                 ,
                 and
                 set
                 on
                 with
                 as
                 much
                 speed
                 and
                 animosity
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 extirpation
                 of
                 
                   Prelacy
                   ,
                
                 and
                 that
                 which
                 some
                 call
                 
                   Superstition
                   .
                
                 But
                 when
                 we
                 see
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 notions
                 of
                 rooting
                 out
                 Prelacy
                 and
                 Superstition
                 ,
                 so
                 much
                 quicknesse
                 used
                 to
                 fetch
                 in
                 the
                 Revenues
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 sacred
                 Utensils
                 ,
                 (
                 no
                 otherwise
                 guilty
                 of
                 Superstition
                 ,
                 for
                 ought
                 we
                 know
                 ,
                 then
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 worth
                 something
                 )
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 ,
                 so
                 little
                 yet
                 done
                 toward
                 the
                 extirpation
                 of
                 Heresie
                 ,
                 Schisme
                 ,
                 and
                 Profanenesse
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 things
                 of
                 lesse
                 temporall
                 advantage
                 .
                 )
                 We
                 cannot
                 dissemble
                 our
                 suspicion
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 designers
                 of
                 this
                 Covenant
                 might
                 have
                 something
                 else
                 before
                 their
                 eyes
                 besides
                 what
                 in
                 the
                 begining
                 of
                 the
                 Introduction
                 is
                 expressed
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 something
                 meant
                 in
                 this
                 Article
                 ,
                 that
                 looketh
                 so
                 like
                 Sacrilege
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 are
                 afraid
                 to
                 venture
                 thereon
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 In
                 the
                 third
                 Article
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     Although
                     we
                     should
                     not
                     otherwise
                     have
                     apprehended
                     any
                     matter
                     of
                     danger
                     or
                     moment
                     in
                     the
                     ordering
                     of
                     the
                     particulars
                     ,
                     in
                     the
                     Article
                     mentioned
                     :
                     yet
                     since
                     M.
                     
                       Challoner
                       in
                       his
                       Speech
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     others
                     have
                     made
                     advantage
                     thereof
                     to
                     infer
                     from
                     that
                     very
                     order
                     ,
                     that
                     the
                     defence
                     of
                     the
                     Kings
                     Person
                     and
                     Authority
                     ought
                     to
                     be
                     with
                     subordination
                     to
                     the
                     preservation
                     of
                     the
                     Rights
                     and
                     Privileges
                     of
                     Parliaments
                     ,
                     and
                     
                     the
                     Liberties
                     of
                     the
                     Kingdomes
                     ,
                     which
                     
                       are
                       in
                       the
                       first
                       place
                       ,
                    
                     
                       c
                    
                     and
                     before
                     it
                     to
                     be
                     endeavoured
                     ;
                     We
                     hope
                     we
                     shall
                     be
                     excused
                     ,
                     if
                     we
                     dare
                     not
                     take
                     the
                     Covenant
                     in
                     this
                     sense
                     ;
                     especially
                     ,
                     considering
                     that
                     if
                     the
                     Argument
                     be
                     of
                     any
                     force
                     it
                     will
                     bind
                     us
                     at
                     least
                     ,
                     as
                     strongly
                     to
                     endeavour
                     the
                     maintenance
                     of
                     
                       the
                       Kings
                       Person
                       ,
                       Honour
                       and
                       Estate
                    
                     in
                     the
                     first
                     place
                     ,
                     and
                     the
                     rest
                     but
                     subordinately
                     thereunto
                     ;
                     because
                     they
                     are
                     so
                     ordered
                     in
                     the
                     Protestation
                     :
                     And
                     then
                     ,
                     that
                     Protestation
                     having
                     the
                     advantage
                     of
                     preceding
                     ,
                     it
                     will
                     bind
                     us
                     more
                     strongly
                     ,
                     as
                     being
                     the
                     first
                     obligation
                     .
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     Whereas
                     some
                     have
                     been
                     the
                     rather
                     induced
                     to
                     take
                     the
                     Covenant
                     in
                     this
                     particular
                     by
                     being
                     told
                     ,
                     that
                     that
                     limitation
                     ,
                     
                       in
                       the
                       preservation
                       and
                       defence
                       of
                       the
                       true
                       Religion
                       and
                       Liberties
                       of
                       the
                       Kingdomes
                    
                     was
                     not
                     to
                     be
                     understood
                     exclusively
                     :
                     yet
                     when
                     we
                     finde
                     that
                     the
                     House
                     of
                     Commons
                     in
                     their
                     answer
                     to
                     the
                     Scottish
                     Papers
                     ,
                     doe
                     
                       d
                    
                     often
                     presse
                     that
                     limitation
                     ,
                     as
                     without
                     which
                     the
                     endeavouring
                     to
                     preserve
                     the
                     Kings
                     Majesties
                     Person
                     and
                     Authority
                     ought
                     not
                     to
                     be
                     mentioned
                     ;
                     it
                     cannot
                     but
                     deter
                     us
                     from
                     taking
                     the
                     Covenant
                     in
                     this
                     particular
                     so
                     understood
                     .
                  
                   
                     3.
                     
                     Especially
                     being
                     told
                     in
                     a
                     late
                     pamphlet
                     ,
                     that
                     the
                     King
                     not
                     having
                     preserved
                     the
                     Liberties
                     of
                     the
                     Kingdome
                     ,
                     &c.
                     as
                     of
                     duty
                     he
                     ought
                     ,
                     is
                     thereby
                     become
                     a
                     
                       Tyrant
                       ,
                    
                     and
                     so
                     ceaseth
                     to
                     be
                     a
                     King
                     ,
                     and
                     consequently
                     that
                     his
                     subjects
                     cease
                     to
                     be
                     Subjects
                     ,
                     and
                     owe
                     him
                     no
                     longer
                     subjection
                     .
                     Which
                     assertion
                     ,
                     since
                     we
                     heartily
                     detest
                     ,
                     as
                     false
                     and
                     scandalous
                     in
                     the
                     supposition
                     ,
                     and
                     in
                     the
                     inference
                     seditious
                     and
                     divelish
                     ;
                     we
                     dare
                     not
                     by
                     subscribing
                     this
                     Article
                     seeme
                     to
                     give
                     the
                     least
                     countenance
                     thereunto
                     .
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                     But
                     it
                     striketh
                     us
                     with
                     horror
                     to
                     think
                     what
                     use
                     hath
                     been
                     made
                     of
                     this
                     fourth
                     Article
                     ;
                     concerning
                     the
                     punishment
                     of
                     
                     Malignants
                     ,
                     &c.
                     as
                     by
                     others
                     otherwayes
                     ;
                     so
                     especially
                     by
                     
                       the
                       Corrector
                       of
                       a
                       speech
                       without
                       dores
                       ,
                    
                     written
                     in
                     the
                     defence
                     of
                     M.
                     
                       Challoners
                    
                     Speech
                     :
                     Who
                     is
                     so
                     bold
                     as
                     to
                     tell
                     the
                     Parliament
                     ,
                     that
                     they
                     are
                     bound
                     by
                     their
                     Covenant●
                     (
                     for
                     the
                     bringing
                     of
                     evill
                     instruments
                     to
                     condigne
                     punishment
                     )
                     to
                     destroy
                     the
                     King
                     and
                     his
                     Posterity
                     ;
                     and
                     that
                     they
                     cannot
                     justifie
                     the
                     taking
                     away
                     of
                     
                       Straffords
                    
                     and
                     
                       Canterburies
                    
                     lives
                     for
                     Delinquency
                     ,
                     whilst
                     they
                     suffer
                     the
                     cheif
                     Delinquent
                     to
                     goe
                     unpunished
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
        
         
           
             §.
             VII
             .
          
           
             Of
             the
             Salvo's
             .
          
           
             THe
             
               Salvo's
            
             that
             we
             have
             usually
             met
             withall
             ,
             for
             the
             avoyding
             of
             the
             aforesaid
             scruples
             ,
             either
             concerning
             the
             whole
             Covenant
             ,
             or
             some
             particulars
             therein
             of
             speciall
             importance
             :
             We
             find
             upon
             examination
             to
             be
             no
             way
             satisfactory
             to
             our
             Conscience
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             is
             that
             we
             may
             take
             the
             Covenant
             
               in
               our
               own
               sense
               :
            
             but
             this
             (
             in
             a
             matter
             of
             this
             nature
             ,
             
               viz.
            
             an
             imposed
             promisory
             Oath
             ,
             in
             the
             performance
             whereof
             others
             also
             are
             presumed
             to
             be
             concerned
             )
             seemeth
             to
             be
             
               
                 
                 1.
                 
                 Contrary
                 
                   to
                   the
                   Nature
                   and
                   end
                   of
                   an
                   Oath
                   ,
                
                 which
                 unlesse
                 it
                 be
                 full
                 of
                 simplicity
                 ,
                 cannot
                 be
                 Sworn
                 in
                 Truth
                 and
                 Righteousnesse
                 ,
                 nor
                 serve
                 to
                 the
                 ending
                 of
                 controversies
                 and
                 contradictions
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 use
                 for
                 which
                 it
                 was
                 instituted
                 ,
                 
                   Heb.
                   6.
                   
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Contrary
                 
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   Speech
                   :
                
                 God
                 having
                 given
                 us
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 Speech
                 for
                 this
                 end
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 the
                 interpreter
                 of
                 the
                 minde
                 ;
                 it
                 behoveth
                 us
                 as
                 in
                 all
                 other
                 our
                 dealings
                 and
                 contracts
                 ,
                 so
                 especially
                 where
                 there
                 is
                 the
                 intervention
                 of
                 an
                 Oath
                 ,
                 so
                 to
                 speak
                 as
                 that
                 they
                 ,
                 whom
                 it
                 concerneth
                 ,
                 may
                 clearly
                 understand
                 our
                 meaning
                 by
                 our
                 words
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Contrary
                 to
                 
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   the
                   Covenant
                
                 it self
                 .
                 Which
                 being
                 the
                 confirmation
                 of
                 a
                 firm
                 union
                 among
                 the
                 Covenanters
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 taking
                 thereof
                 they
                 might
                 have
                 mutuall
                 assurance
                 of
                 mutuall
                 assistance
                 &
                 defence
                 :
                 If
                 one
                 may
                 be
                 allowed
                 to
                 take
                 it
                 in
                 one
                 sense
                 ,
                 &
                 another
                 in
                 a
                 contrary
                 ;
                 the
                 Covenanters
                 shall
                 
                 have
                 no
                 more
                 assurance
                 of
                 mutuall
                 assistance
                 each
                 from
                 other
                 after
                 the
                 taking
                 of
                 the
                 Covenant
                 ,
                 then
                 they
                 had
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 Contrary
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Solemne
                   profession
                
                 made
                 by
                 each
                 Covevanter
                 (
                 in
                 expresse
                 termes
                 in
                 the
                 conclusion
                 thereof
                 )
                 
                   in
                   the
                   presence
                   of
                   Almighty
                   God
                   ,
                   the
                   searcher
                   of
                   all
                   hearts
                   ,
                
                 that
                 he
                 taketh
                 it
                 
                   with
                   a
                   true
                   intention
                   to
                   perform
                   the
                   same
                   ,
                   as
                   he
                   shall
                   answer
                   it
                   at
                   the
                   great
                   day
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             2
             This
             will
             bring
             a
             scandall
             upon
             our
             Religion
             ,
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 That
                 we
                 practice
                 that
                 our selves
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 condemne
                 in
                 the
                 Papist
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                
                 Swearing
                 with
                 Jesuiticall
                 equivocations
                 and
                 mentall
                 reservations
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 That
                 we
                 take
                 the
                 glorious
                 and
                 dreadfull
                 Name
                 of
                 God
                 in
                 vaine
                 ;
                 and
                 play
                 fast
                 and
                 loose
                 with
                 Oathes
                 :
                 in
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 what
                 we
                 swear
                 to
                 day
                 in
                 one
                 sense
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 swear
                 the
                 direct
                 contrary
                 to
                 morrow
                 in
                 another
                 .
                 And
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 It
                 will
                 give
                 strength
                 to
                 that
                 charge
                 which
                 is
                 layd
                 to
                 the
                 Presbyterian
                 party
                 ,
                 in
                 speciall
                 ,
                 both
                 
                   a
                
                 by
                 
                   Iesuites
                
                 and
                 
                   b
                
                 
                   Sectaries
                   ;
                
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 faith
                 to
                 be
                 given
                 to
                 Protestants
                 ,
                 whatever
                 they
                 swear
                 ;
                 because
                 they
                 may
                 swear
                 one
                 thing
                 in
                 their
                 Words
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 their
                 own
                 sense
                 mean
                 another
                 .
              
            
          
           
             The
             second
             way
             is
             ,
             to
             take
             the
             Covenant
             with
             these
             or
             the
             
             like
             generall
             
               Salvo's
            
             exp●essed
             ,
             
               viz.
               So
               far
               as
               lawfully
               I
               may
               ;
               So
               far
               as
               it
               is
               agreeable
               to
               the
               Word
               of
               God
               ,
               and
               the
               Lawes
               of
               the
               Land
               ;
               Saving
               all
               Oathes
               by
               me
               formerly
               taken
               ,
            
             &c.
             But
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               We
               beleeve
               this
               mocking
               of
               God
               would
               be
               so
               far
               from
               freeing
               us
               from
               the
               guilt
               of
               Perjury
               ,
               that
               thereby
               we
               should
               rather
               contract
               a
               new
               guilt
               of
               most
               vile
               and
               abominable
               Hypocrisie
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               It
               seemeth
               all
               one
               unto
               us
               (
               the
               thing
               being
               otherwise
               supposed
               unlawfull
               )
               as
               if
               we
               should
               swear
               to
               kill
               ,
               steal
               ,
               commit
               adultery
               ,
               or
               forswear
               our selves
               ,
               so
               far
               as
               lawfully
               we
               may
               .
            
             
             
               3.
               
               If
               this
               would
               satisfie
               the
               Conscience
               ,
               we
               might
               with
               a
               good
               Conscience
               not
               only
               take
               the
               present
               Covenant
               ,
               but
               even
               subscribe
               to
               the
               
                 Councell
                 of
                 Trent
              
               also
               ;
               yea
               and
               to
               the
               
                 Turkish
                 Alcoran
                 ;
              
               and
               swear
               to
               maintain
               and
               defend
               either
               of
               them
               ,
               
                 viz.
              
               so
               far
               as
               lawfully
               we
               may
               ,
               or
               as
               they
               are
               agreable
               to
               the
               Word
               of
               God
               .
            
          
           
             
             Thirdly
             ,
             for
             the
             
               second
               Article
            
             in
             particular
             ,
             in
             the
             branch
             concerning
             the
             extirpation
             of
             Church-Government
             ,
             we
             are
             told
             that
             it
             is
             to
             be
             understood
             of
             the
             whole
             Government
             ,
             taken
             collectively
             and
             in
             
               sensu
               composito
               ,
            
             so
             as
             if
             we
             doe
             endeavour
             but
             the
             taking
             away
             of
             
               Apparitors
            
             only
             ,
             or
             of
             any
             other
             one
             kind
             of
             inferiour
             officers
             belonging
             to
             the
             Ecclesiastcall
             Hierarchy
             ,
             we
             shall
             have
             sufficiently
             discharged
             our
             whole
             promise
             in
             that
             particular
             without
             any
             prejudice
             done
             to
             Episcopacy
             .
             But
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Neither
                 the
                 composers
                 of
                 the
                 Covenant
                 by
                 their
                 words
                 ,
                 nor
                 the
                 imposers
                 of
                 it
                 by
                 their
                 Actions
                 ,
                 have
                 given
                 us
                 the
                 least
                 signification
                 that
                 they
                 meant
                 no
                 more
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Yea
                 rather
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 may
                 judge
                 either
                 by
                 the
                 cause
                 or
                 the
                 effects
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 well
                 think
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 meaning
                 to
                 extirpate
                 the
                 whole
                 government
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 part
                 thereof
                 in
                 the
                 Article
                 expressed
                 .
                 For
                 
                   
                     1.
                     
                     The
                     Covenant
                     being
                     (
                     as
                     we
                     have
                     no
                     cause
                     to
                     doubt
                     )
                     framed
                     at
                     the
                     instance
                     of
                     the
                     Scots
                     and
                     for
                     the
                     easier
                     procuring
                     of
                     their
                     assistance
                     in
                     the
                     late
                     War
                     ,
                     was
                     therefore
                     in
                     all
                     reason
                     so
                     to
                     be
                     framed
                     and
                     understood
                     as
                     to
                     give
                     them
                     satisfaction
                     ,
                     &
                     (
                     considering
                     what
                     themselves
                     have
                     
                       c
                    
                     declared
                     )
                     against
                     Episcopacy
                     ,
                     we
                     have
                     little
                     reason
                     to
                     beleeve
                     the
                     taking
                     away
                     Apparitors
                     ,
                     or
                     any
                     thing
                     ,
                     lesse
                     then
                     the
                     rooting
                     out
                     of
                     Episcopacy
                     it self
                     ,
                     would
                     have
                     satisfied
                     them
                     .
                  
                   
                     2.
                     
                     The
                     proceedings
                     also
                     since
                     the
                     entring
                     of
                     this
                     Covenant
                     in
                     endeavouring
                     
                       by
                       Ordinance
                       of
                       Parliament
                    
                     to
                     take
                     away
                     
                     the
                     Name
                     ,
                     Power
                     ,
                     and
                     Revenues
                     of
                     Bishops
                     doe
                     sadly
                     give
                     us
                     to
                     understand
                     ,
                     what
                     was
                     their
                     meaning
                     therein
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             Fourthly
             ,
             as
             to
             the
             scruples
             that
             arise
             from
             the
             Soveraignty
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             the
             duty
             of
             Allegiance
             as
             Subjects
             ;
             we
             find
             two
             
             severall
             wayes
             of
             answering
             ,
             but
             little
             satisfaction
             in
             either
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               The
               former
               ,
               by
               saying
               (
               which
               seemeth
               to
               us
               a
               piece
               of
               unreasonable
               and
               strange
               Divinity
               )
               that
               
                 Protection
              
               and
               
                 Subjection
              
               standing
               in
               relation
               either
               to
               other
               ,
               the
               King
               being
               now
               disabled
               to
               give
               us
               protection
               ,
               we
               are
               thereby
               freed
               from
               our
               bond
               of
               subjection
               .
               Whereas
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   The
                   Subjects
                   obligation
                   (
                   
                     Ius
                     subjectionis
                  
                   )
                   doth
                   not
                   spring
                   from
                   ,
                   nor
                   relate
                   unto
                   the
                   actuall
                   exercise
                   of
                   Kingly
                   protection
                   ;
                   but
                   from
                   and
                   unto
                   the
                   Princes
                   obligation
                   to
                   protect
                   (
                   
                     Ius
                     Protectionis
                     .
                  
                   )
                   Which
                   obligation
                   lying
                   upon
                   him
                   as
                   a
                   duty
                   which
                   he
                   is
                   bound
                   in
                   conscience
                   to
                   performe
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   in
                   his
                   power
                   so
                   to
                   doe
                   ;
                   the
                   relative
                   obligation
                   thereunto
                   lyeth
                   upon
                   us
                   as
                   a
                   duty
                   which
                   we
                   are
                   bound
                   in
                   conscience
                   to
                   performe
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   is
                   in
                   our
                   power
                   so
                   to
                   doe
                   .
                   His
                   inability
                   therefore
                   to
                   performe
                   his
                   duty
                   doth
                   not
                   discharge
                   us
                   from
                   the
                   necessity
                   of
                   performing
                   ours
                   ,
                   so
                   long
                   as
                   we
                   are
                   able
                   to
                   doe
                   it
                   .
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   If
                   the
                   King
                   should
                   not
                   protect
                   us
                   ,
                   but
                   neglect
                   his
                   part
                   ,
                   though
                   having
                   power
                   and
                   ability
                   to
                   perform
                   it
                   ;
                   his
                   voluntary
                   neglect
                   ought
                   not
                   to
                   free
                   us
                   from
                   the
                   faithfull
                   performance
                   of
                   what
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   done
                   on
                   our
                   part
                   .
                   How
                   much
                   lesse
                   then
                   ought
                   we
                   to
                   think
                   our selves
                   dis-obliged
                   from
                   our
                   subjection
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   
                     Non-protection
                  
                   on
                   his
                   part
                   is
                   not
                   from
                   the
                   want
                   of
                   will
                   ,
                   but
                   of
                   power
                   ?
                
              
            
             
               2.
               
               The
               later
               (
               wherein
               yet
               some
               have
               triumphed
               )
               by
               saying
               that
               the
               Parliament
               being
               the
               supreme
               Judicatory
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               ,
               the
               King
               ,
               
                 wheresoever
                 in
                 person
                 ,
              
               is
               ever
               present
               there
               
                 in
                 his
                 power
                 ,
              
               as
               in
               all
               other
               Courts
               of
               Justice
               :
               and
               that
               therefore
               whatsoever
               is
               done
               by
               them
               ,
               is
               not
               done
               without
               the
               King
               ,
               but
               by
               him
               .
               But
               craving
               pardon
               first
               ,
               if
               in
               things
               without
               our
               proper
               sphere
               we
               hap
               to
               speak
               unproperly
               or
               amisse
               ;
               We
               mustnext
               crave
               leave
               to
               be
               still
               of
               the
               same
               mind
               we
               were
               ,
               till
               it
               shall
               be
               made
               evident
               to
               our
               understandings
               ,
               
               that
               the
               King
               is
               there
               
                 in
                 his
                 power
                 ,
              
               as
               it
               is
               evident
               to
               our
               senses
               that
               he
               is
               not
               there
               
                 in
                 his
                 Person
                 :
              
               Which
               so
               far
               as
               our
               naturall
               reason
               and
               small
               experience
               will
               serve
               us
               to
               judge
               ,
               all
               that
               hath
               been
               said
               to
               that
               purpose
               can
               never
               doe
               .
            
          
           
             For
             ,
             first
             ,
             to
             the
             point
             of
             presence
             :
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 We
                 have
                 been
                 brought
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 beliefe
                 that
                 for
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 Lawes
                 the
                 actuall
                 
                   d
                
                 
                   Royall
                   assent
                
                 was
                 simply
                 necessary
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 onely
                 a
                 virtuall
                 assent
                 supposed
                 to
                 be
                 included
                 in
                 the
                 Votes
                 of
                 the
                 two
                 Houses
                 :
                 otherwise
                 ,
                 what
                 use
                 can
                 be
                 made
                 of
                 his
                 Negative
                 voice
                 ?
                 or
                 what
                 need
                 to
                 
                   e
                
                 
                   desire
                   his
                   Royall
                   assent
                   ,
                
                 to
                 that
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 done
                 as
                 well
                 without
                 it
                 ?
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 The
                 
                   f
                
                 Statute
                 ,
                 providing
                 that
                 
                   the
                   Kings
                   assent
                   to
                   any
                   Bill
                   signified
                   under
                   his
                   great
                   Seal
                
                 shall
                 be
                 to
                 all
                 intents
                 of
                 Law
                 as
                 valid
                 &
                 effectual
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 he
                 were
                 personally
                 present
                 ,
                 doth
                 clearly
                 import
                 that
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 effect
                 of
                 making
                 a
                 Law
                 ,
                 the
                 Kings
                 Power
                 is
                 not
                 otherwise
                 really
                 present
                 with
                 the
                 two
                 Houses
                 ,
                 then
                 it
                 appeareth
                 either
                 in
                 his
                 Person
                 or
                 under
                 his
                 Seal
                 :
                 Any
                 other
                 
                   real
                   presence
                
                 is
                 to
                 us
                 a
                 riddle
                 ,
                 not
                 much
                 unlike
                 to
                 that
                 of
                 
                   Transubstantiation
                   :
                
                 an
                 imaginary
                 thing
                 ,
                 rather
                 devised
                 to
                 serve
                 
                 turnes
                 ,
                 then
                 believed
                 by
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 content
                 to
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Such
                 presence
                 of
                 the
                 King
                 there
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 shall
                 be
                 made
                 appeare
                 to
                 us
                 either
                 from
                 the
                 writs
                 ,
                 whereby
                 the
                 Members
                 of
                 both
                 Houses
                 are
                 called
                 together
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 the
                 standing
                 Lawes
                 of
                 the
                 Land
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 the
                 acknowledged
                 judgement
                 ,
                 and
                 continued
                 practice
                 of
                 former
                 and
                 later
                 ages
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 any
                 expresse
                 from
                 the
                 King
                 himself
                 ,
                 clearly
                 declaring
                 his
                 minde
                 to
                 that
                 purpose
                 ,
                 we
                 shall
                 then
                 as
                 becometh
                 us
                 ,
                 acknowledge
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 and
                 willingly
                 submit
                 thereunto
                 .
              
            
          
           
             And
             as
             for
             the
             Argument
             drawn
             from
             the
             
               Analogie
            
             of
             other
             Courts
             ,
             wherein
             the
             Kings
             Power
             is
             alwayes
             supposed
             to
             be
             virtually
             present
             ,
             under
             submission
             we
             conceive
             it
             is
             of
             no
             consequence
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               The
               Arguments
               
                 à
                 minore
              
               and
               
                 à
                 majore
              
               are
               subject
               to
               many
               fallacies
               ;
               and
               unlesse
               there
               be
               a
               parity
               of
               reason
               in
               every
               requisite
               respect
               between
               the
               things
               compared
               ,
               will
               not
               hold
               good
               :
               A
               Pety
               Constable
               (
               they
               say
               )
               may
               doe
               something
               which
               a
               Justice
               of
               Peace
               cannot
               doe
               :
               And
               the
               Steward
               of
               a
               pety
               Mannour
               hath
               power
               to
               adminster
               an
               Oath
               ,
               which
               (
               as
               we
               are
               told
               )
               the
               House
               of
               Commons
               it self
               hath
               no
               power
               to
               doe
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               That
               the
               high
               Court
               of
               Parliament
               is
               the
               supream
               Judicatory
               ,
               we
               have
               been
               told
               it
               is
               by
               vertue
               of
               the
               Kings
               right
               of
               presiding
               there
               ,
               he
               being
               
                 g
              
               the
               
                 Supream
                 Iudge
                 ,
              
               and
               the
               Members
               of
               both
               House
               his
               Councell
               :
               Which
               being
               so
               ,
               the
               reason
               of
               difference
               is
               plaine
               between
               that
               and
               other
               Judicatories
               in
               sundry
               respects
               .
            
          
           
             
               1.
               
               The
               Judges
               in
               other
               Courts
               are
               deputed
               by
               him
               ,
               and
               doe
               all
               in
               his
               name
               ,
               and
               by
               his
               authority
               ;
               and
               therefore
               the
               presence
               of
               his
               power
               in
               those
               Courts
               of
               ministeriall
               Jurisdiction
               is
               sufficient
               ,
               his
               personall
               presence
               not
               necessary
               ,
               neither
               hath
               he
               any
               personall
               vote
               therein
               at
               all
               .
               But
               in
               the
               high
               
               Court
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               where
               the
               King
               himself
               is
               the
               Supreme
               Judge
               ,
               judging
               in
               his
               own
               name
               and
               by
               his
               own
               authority
               ,
               his
               Power
               cannot
               be
               presumed
               to
               be
               really
               present
               without
               either
               the
               actuall
               presence
               of
               his
               person
               ,
               or
               some
               virtuall
               representation
               thereof
               signified
               under
               his
               great
               Seal
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               The
               Judges
               in
               inferiour
               Courts
               ,
               because
               they
               are
               to
               act
               all
               in
               his
               name
               ,
               and
               by
               his
               Authority
               ,
               doe
               therefore
               take
               Oathes
               of
               fidelity
               for
               the
               right
               exercising
               of
               Judicature
               in
               their
               severall
               places
               ;
               sitting
               there
               ,
               not
               by
               any
               proper
               interest
               of
               their
               owne
               ,
               but
               only
               in
               right
               of
               the
               King
               ,
               whose
               Judges
               they
               are
               ,
               and
               therefore
               they
               are
               called
               the
               Kings
               Judges
               and
               his
               Ministers
               .
               But
               in
               the
               high
               Court
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               the
               Lords
               and
               Commons
               sit
               there
               in
               Councell
               with
               the
               King
               as
               Supreme
               Judge
               for
               the
               good
               of
               the
               whole
               Realm
               ;
               and
               therefore
               they
               are
               not
               called
               the
               Kings
               Judges
               ,
               but
               the
               Kings
               Councell
               :
               and
               they
               have
               their
               severall
               proper
               rights
               and
               interests
               peculiar
               and
               distinct
               both
               between
               themselves
               ,
               &
               from
               that
               of
               the
               Kings
               ;
               by
               reason
               whereof
               they
               become
               
                 distinct
              
               
                 h
              
               
                 Orders
                 ,
              
               or
               ,
               as
               of
               late
               times
               they
               have
               been
               stiled
               (
               in
               this
               sense
               as
               we
               conceive
               )
               
                 i
              
               
                 three
                 distinct
                 Estates
                 .
              
               Each
               of
               which
               being
               supposed
               to
               be
               the
               best
               Conservators
               of
               their
               own
               proper
               interest
               ;
               if
               the
               power
               of
               any
               one
               Estate
               should
               be
               presumed
               to
               be
               virtually
               present
               in
               the
               other
               two
               ,
               that
               Estate
               must
               needs
               be
               in
               inevitably
               liable
               to
               suffer
               in
               the
               proper
               Interests
               thereof
               .
               Which
               might
               quickly
               prove
               destructive
               to
               the
               whole
               Kingdome
               :
               The
               safety
               and
               prosperity
               of
               the
               whole
               consisting
               in
               the
               conservation
               of
               the
               just
               rights
               and
               proper
               interests
               of
               the
               maine
               parts
               ,
               
                 viz.
              
               The
               King
               ,
               Lords
               ,
               and
               Commons
               ,
               inviolate
               and
               entire
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               The
               Judges
               of
               other
               Courts
               ,
               for
               as
               much
               as
               their
               power
               is
               but
               ministeriall
               and
               meerly
               Judiciall
               ,
               are
               bounded
               by
               the
               present
               Lawes
               ,
               and
               limited
               also
               by
               their
               owne
               Acts
               :
               so
               as
               
               they
               may
               neither
               swerve
               from
               the
               Laws
               ,
               in
               giving
               Judgement
               ,
               nor
               reverse
               their
               owne
               Judgements
               after
               they
               are
               given
               .
               But
               the
               High
               Court
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               having
               (
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               Kings
               Supreme
               Power
               presiding
               therein
               )
               a
               Power
               Legislative
               as
               well
               as
               Judiciall
               ,
               are
               not
               so
               limited
               by
               any
               earthly
               Power
               ,
               but
               that
               they
               may
               change
               and
               over-rule
               the
               Lawes
               ,
               and
               their
               own
               Acts
               at
               their
               pleasure
               .
               The
               Kings
               Personall
               assent
               therefore
               is
               not
               needfull
               in
               those
               other
               Courts
               ,
               which
               are
               bounded
               by
               those
               Lawes
               whereunto
               the
               King
               hath
               already
               given
               his
               personall
               assent
               :
               but
               unto
               any
               Act
               of
               Power
               beside
               ,
               beyond
               ,
               above
               ,
               or
               against
               the
               Lawes
               already
               established
               ,
               we
               have
               been
               informed
               ,
               and
               it
               seems
               to
               us
               very
               agreeable
               to
               reason
               ,
               that
               the
               Kings
               Personall
               Assent
               should
               be
               absolutely
               necessary
               :
               Forasmuch
               as
               every
               such
               Act
               is
               the
               exercise
               of
               a
               Legislative
               rather
               then
               of
               a
               Judiciall
               power
               ;
               and
               no
               Act
               of
               Legislative
               power
               in
               any
               Community
               (
               by
               consent
               of
               all
               Nations
               )
               can
               be
               valid
               ,
               unlesse
               it
               be
               confirmed
               by
               such
               person
               or
               persons
               as
               the
               Soveraignty
               of
               that
               Community
               resideth
               in
               .
               Which
               Soveraignty
               ,
               with
               us
               ,
               so
               undoubtedly
               resideth
               in
               the
               person
               of
               the
               King
               ,
               that
               his
               ordinary
               style
               runneth
               ,
               —
               
                 Our
              
               
                 k
              
               Soveraign
               Lord
               the
               King
               :
               And
               he
               is
               in
               the
               Oath
               of
               Supremacie
               expresly
               acknowledged
               to
               be
               
                 the
                 onely
                 Supreme
                 Governour
                 within
                 his
                 Realmes
                 .
              
               And
               we
               leave
               it
               to
               the
               wisdome
               of
               others
               to
               consider
               ,
               what
               misery
               and
               mischief
               might
               come
               to
               the
               Kingdome
               ,
               if
               the
               power
               of
               any
               of
               these
               
                 three
                 Estates
              
               should
               be
               swallowed
               up
               by
               any
               one
               or
               both
               the
               other
               ,
               and
               if
               then
               under
               the
               name
               of
               a
               Judiciall
               there
               should
               be
               yet
               really
               exercised
               a
               Legislative
               power
               .
            
             
               4.
               
               Since
               all
               Judiciall
               Power
               is
               radically
               and
               originally
               in
               the
               
               King
               ,
               (
               who
               is
               for
               that
               cause
               styled
               by
               the
               Lawes
               
                 l
              
               
                 The
                 Fountaine
                 of
                 Iustice
              
               )
               and
               not
               in
               any
               other
               Person
               or
               Persons
               ,
               but
               by
               derivation
               from
               him
               :
               it
               seemeth
               to
               us
               evident
               ,
               that
               neither
               the
               Judges
               of
               inferiour
               Courts
               of
               ministeriall
               Justice
               ,
               nor
               the
               Lords
               and
               Commons
               assembled
               in
               the
               High
               Court
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               may
               of
               right
               exercise
               any
               other
               power
               over
               the
               Subjects
               of
               this
               Realm
               ,
               then
               such
               as
               by
               their
               respective
               Patents
               and
               Writs
               issued
               from
               the
               King
               ,
               or
               by
               the
               known
               established
               Laws
               of
               the
               Land
               formerly
               assented
               unto
               by
               the
               Kings
               of
               this
               Realm
               doth
               appear
               to
               have
               been
               from
               him
               derived
               unto
               them
               .
               Which
               Lawes
               ,
               Patents
               and
               Writs
               being
               the
               exact
               boundary
               of
               their
               severall
               Powers
               it
               hath
               not
               yet
               been
               made
               appeare
               to
               our
               understandings
               ,
               either
               from
               the
               Lawes
               of
               the
               Realme
               ,
               or
               from
               the
               tenour
               of
               those
               Writs
               by
               which
               the
               Parliament
               is
               called
               ,
               that
               the
               two
               Houses
               of
               Parliament
               have
               any
               power
               without
               the
               King
               to
               
                 order
                 ,
                 command
                 ,
                 or
                 transact
                 ;
              
               but
               with
               him
               
                 m
              
               to
               
                 treat
                 ,
                 consult
                 ,
                 and
                 advise
              
               concerning
               the
               great
               affairs
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               .
               In
               which
               respect
               they
               have
               sundry
               times
               in
               their
               Declarations
               to
               His
               Majesty
               called
               themselves
               by
               the
               name
               of
               His
               great
               Councell
               .
               And
               those
               Lawes
               and
               Writs
               are
               (
               as
               we
               conceive
               )
               the
               proper
               Topick
               ,
               from
               which
               the
               just
               power
               of
               the
               Honourable
               Houses
               can
               be
               convincingly
               deduced
               :
               and
               not
               such
               fraile
               Colletions
               as
               the
               wits
               of
               men
               may
               raise
               from
               seeming
               Analogies
               and
               Proportions
               .
            
          
        
         
         
           
             §
             ▪
             VIII
             .
          
           
             Of
             the
             Negative
             Oath
             .
          
           
             WE
             are
             not
             satisfied
             ,
             how
             we
             can
             submit
             to
             the
             taking
             of
             the
             
               Negative
               Oath
               ,
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 Without
                 forfeiture
                 of
                 that
                 
                   liberty
                   ,
                
                 which
                 we
                 have
                 sworne
                 and
                 are
                 bound
                 to
                 preserve
                 .
                 With
                 which
                 liberty
                 we
                 conceive
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 inconsistent
                 ,
                 that
                 any
                 obligation
                 should
                 be
                 laid
                 upon
                 the
                 Subject
                 ,
                 by
                 an
                 oath
                 not
                 established
                 by
                 Act
                 of
                 Parliament
                 .
              
               
                 2
                 ,
                 Without
                 abjuring
                 our
                 
                   a
                
                 
                   naturall
                   Allegiance
                   ,
                
                 and
                 violating
                 the
                 
                   Oathes
                   of
                   Supremacy
                   and
                   Allegiance
                
                 by
                 us
                 formerly
                 taken
                 .
                 By
                 all
                 which
                 being
                 bound
                 to
                 our
                 power
                 to
                 
                   assit
                   the
                   King
                   ,
                
                 we
                 are
                 by
                 this
                 
                   Negative
                   Oath
                
                 required
                 to
                 swear
                 ,
                 from
                 our
                 heart
                 ,
                 
                   not
                   to
                   assist
                   him
                   .
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Without
                 
                   diminution
                   of
                   His
                   Majesties
                   just
                   Power
                   and
                   greatnesse
                   ,
                
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 third
                 Article
                 of
                 the
                 Covenant
                 ;
                 by
                 acknowledging
                 a
                 power
                 in
                 the
                 two
                 Houses
                 of
                 Parliament
                 ,
                 in
                 opposition
                 to
                 the
                 Kings
                 Power
                 .
                 Whereas
                 we
                 professe
                 our selves
                 unable
                 to
                 understand
                 ,
                 how
                 there
                 can
                 be
                 any
                 lawfull
                 power
                 exercised
                 within
                 this
                 Realme
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 not
                 subordinate
                 to
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 King
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
         
           
             §.
             IX
             .
          
           
             Of
             the
             Ordinances
             concerning
             the
             Discipline
             and
             Directory
             .
          
           
             
             FIrst
             ,
             concerning
             them
             all
             together
             ;
             we
             are
             not
             satisfied
             how
             we
             can
             submit
             to
             such
             Ordinances
             of
             the
             two
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             not
             having
             the
             
               Royall
               Assent
               ,
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 As
                 are
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 established
                 Lawes
                 of
                 this
                 Realm
                 contained
                 in
                 such
                 Acts
                 of
                 Parliament
                 as
                 were
                 made
                 by
                 the
                 joynt
                 consent
                 of
                 King
                 ,
                 Lords
                 ,
                 and
                 Commons
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 Nor
                 so
                 onely
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 pretend
                 by
                 repeal
                 to
                 abrogat
                 such
                 Act
                 or
                 Acts.
                 For
                 ,
                 since
                 
                   Ejusdem
                   est
                   potestatis
                   destruere
                   cujus
                   est
                   constituere
                   ,
                
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 sink
                 with
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 lesser
                 power
                 can
                 have
                 a
                 just
                 right
                 to
                 cancell
                 and
                 annull
                 the
                 Act
                 of
                 a
                 greater
                 .
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 Especially
                 the
                 whole
                 power
                 of
                 ordering
                 all
                 matters
                 Ecclesiasticall
                 being
                 by
                 the
                 Lawes
                 in
                 expresse
                 words
                 
                   for
                   ever
                   annexed
                   to
                   the
                   Imperiall
                   Crown
                   of
                   this
                   Realm
                   .
                
                 
                 And
                 upon
                 what
                 head
                 that
                 Crown
                 ought
                 to
                 stand
                 ,
                 none
                 can
                 be
                 ignorant
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             As
             to
             the
             particular
             Ordinances
             :
             those
             that
             concern
             
               the
               Discipline
               ,
            
             first
             .
          
           
             
               1.
               
               If
               under
               that
               title
               be
               comprehended
               the
               
                 Government
              
               also
               :
               we
               cannot
               submit
               thereunto
               ,
               without
               consenting
               to
               the
               eradication
               of
               a
               Government
               of
               reverend
               Antiquity
               in
               the
               Church
               .
               Which
               (
               notwithstanding
               the
               severall
               changes
               of
               Religion
               within
               this
               Realm
               )
               hath
               yet
               from
               time
               to
               time
               been
               continued
               and
               confirmed
               by
               the
               Publique
               Laws
               and
               Great
               Charters
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               :
               then
               which
               there
               cannot
               be
               a
               more
               ample
               testimony
               that
               it
               was
               ever
               held
               agreeable
               to
               the
               Civill
               Government
               and
               the
               Subjects
               liberty
               .
               Which
               also
               the
               successive
               Kings
               of
               this
               Realme
               at
               their
               severall
               Coronations
               have
               solemnly
               sworn
               to
               preserve
               .
               And
               the
               continuance
               whereof
               for
               sundry
               reasons
               before
               (
               upon
               the
               second
               Article
               of
               the
               Covenant
               )
               specified
               ,
               we
               heartily
               with
               and
               desire
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               But
               if
               the
               word
               
                 Discipline
              
               be
               taken
               (
               as
               it
               is
               in
               the
               first
               Article
               
               of
               the
               Covenant
               )
               as
               
                 contradistinguished
                 unto
                 the
                 Government
                 :
              
               there
               is
               something
               even
               in
               that
               also
               ,
               wherein
               we
               are
               not
               fully
               satisfied
               ,
               
                 viz.
              
               the
               leaving
               of
               so
               much
               power
               in
               so
               many
               persons
               ,
               and
               those
               ,
               many
               of
               them
               of
               meane
               quality
               ,
               for
               the
               keeping
               back
               of
               thousands
               of
               well-meaning
               Christians
               from
               the
               benefit
               and
               comfort
               of
               the
               blessed
               Sacrament
               .
               An
               Austerity
               ,
               for
               which
               there
               appeareth
               not
               to
               us
               any
               probable
               warrant
               from
               the
               World
               of
               God
               :
               But
               which
               seemeth
               rather
               repugnant
               ,
               as
               to
               the
               generall
               principles
               of
               Christian
               prudence
               and
               charity
               ,
               so
               to
               the
               directions
               and
               practice
               of
               S.
               
                 Paul
              
               in
               particular
               ;
               
               who
               in
               a
               Church
               abounding
               with
               sundry
               errors
               and
               corruptions
               both
               in
               faith
               and
               manners
               ,
               (
               having
               first
               given
               order
               for
               the
               excommunicating
               of
               one
               onely
               person
               that
               by
               shamelesse
               continuance
               in
               a
               notorious
               sinne
               had
               brought
               a
               foule
               scandall
               upon
               the
               Gospell
               )
               sufficing
               himself
               then
               with
               a
               generall
               proposall
               of
               the
               great
               danger
               of
               
                 unworthy
                 communicating
                 ,
              
               remitteth
               every
               other
               particular
               person
               to
               a
               
                 selfe-examination
                 ;
              
               
               without
               any
               order
               either
               to
               Ministers
               or
               Lay-Elders
               to
               exclude
               any
               from
               the
               holy
               Communion
               upon
               their
               Examination
               .
            
          
           
             As
             to
             the
             Ordinance
             concerning
             the
             
               Directory
            
             in
             particular
             :
             
             we
             cannot
             without
             regret
             of
             Conscience
             ,
             (
             during
             our
             present
             judgement
             ,
             and
             the
             continuance
             of
             the
             present
             Lawes
             )
             consent
             to
             the
             taking
             away
             of
             
               the
               Book
               of
               Common-Prayer
               .
            
          
           
             
               1.
               
               Which
               by
               our
               Subscriptions
               most
               of
               us
               have
               approved
               :
               with
               a
               solemne
               promise
               therewithall
               ,
               in
               the
               publique
               Service
               to
               use
               the
               forme
               prescribed
               therein
               ,
               and
               no
               other
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               Which
               ,
               according
               to
               our
               said
               Subscription
               and
               Promise
               ,
               and
               our
               bounden
               duty
               according
               to
               the
               Statute
               in
               that
               case
               provided
               ,
               we
               have
               hitherto
               used
               in
               our
               Churches
               ,
               Chapples
               ,
               and
               other
               Oratories
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               benefit
               and
               comfort
               of
               our
               soules
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               Which
               we
               verily
               beleeve
               not
               to
               contain
               any
               thing
               which
               (
               with
               such
               favourable
               construction
               as
               of
               right
               ought
               to
               be
               allowed
               to
               all
               manner
               of
               Writings
               )
               is
               not
               justly
               defensible
               ;
               which
               hath
               not
               been
               by
               learned
               and
               godly
               men
               sufficiently
               maintained
               against
               such
               exceptions
               as
               haue
               been
               heretofore
               taken
               thereat
               ;
               and
               which
               we
               are
               not
               confident
               (
               by
               the
               Assistance
               
               of
               Almighty
               God
               )
               we
               shall
               be
               able
               to
               justifie
               (
               as
               occasion
               shall
               be
               offered
               )
               against
               all
               Papists
               ,
               and
               other
               oppugners
               or
               depravers
               thereof
               whatsoever
               .
            
             
               4.
               
               Which
               is
               established
               by
               an
               
                 Act
                 of
                 Parliament
                 ,
              
               made
               (
               in
               peaceable
               times
               )
               by
               as
               good
               and
               full
               authority
               as
               any
               under
               heaven
               can
               have
               over
               us
               .
               Which
               doth
               so
               weigh
               with
               us
               ,
               that
               as
               it
               freeth
               us
               from
               the
               necessity
               of
               giving
               in
               any
               particular
               exceptions
               against
               the
               Directory
               or
               any
               thing
               therein
               contained
               :
               so
               it
               layeth
               an
               inevitable
               necessity
               upon
               us
               of
               contunuing
               the
               forme
               of
               Prayer
               therein
               enjoyned
               ,
               &
               of
               not
               admitting
               any
               Directory
               or
               other
               forme
               to
               the
               prejudice
               thereof
               ,
               till
               the
               said
               Act
               shall
               by
               the
               like
               good
               and
               full
               authority
               be
               repealed
               .
            
          
           
             In
             which
             Statute
             there
             is
             not
             onely
             an
             
               expresse
               Command
            
             given
             to
             all
             Ministers
             for
             the
             using
             of
             the
             same
             ;
             but
             there
             are
             also
             
               sanctions
               of
               severe
               punishments
            
             to
             be
             inflicted
             upon
             such
             of
             them
             as
             shall
             refuse
             so
             to
             doe
             ;
             or
             shall
             preach
             ,
             declare
             or
             speak
             any
             thing
             to
             the
             derogation
             or
             depraving
             of
             the
             Book
             of
             Common
             Prayer
             ,
             or
             of
             any
             thing
             therein
             contained
             ,
             or
             of
             any
             part
             thereof
             :
             with
             punishments
             also
             to
             be
             inflicted
             upon
             every
             other
             person
             whatsoever
             (
             
               the
               Lords
               of
               the
               Parliament
            
             not
             excepted
             that
             shall
             in
             like
             manner
             declare
             or
             speak
             against
             the
             said
             Book
             ;
             or
             shall
             by
             deed
             or
             threatning
             compell
             or
             otherwise
             procure
             or
             maintain
             any
             Minister
             to
             say
             open
             Prayer
             ,
             or
             to
             minister
             any
             Sacrament
             in
             any
             other
             manner
             or
             forme
             then
             is
             mentioned
             in
             the
             said
             Book
             ;
             or
             shall
             interrupt
             or
             hinder
             any
             Minister
             in
             the
             use
             of
             the
             said
             formes
             ,
             as
             by
             the
             words
             of
             the
             said
             Statute
             more
             at
             large
             may
             appeare
             .
          
           
             Which
             Statute
             also
             hath
             had
             such
             an
             universall
             powerfull
             influence
             into
             the
             succeeding
             times
             ,
             that
             in
             all
             such
             
               *
            
             Statutes
             as
             have
             been
             since
             made
             against
             Popish
             Recusants
             ,
             the
             refusing
             to
             
               be
               present
               at
               Common-Prayer
               ,
               or
               to
               receive
               the
               Sacrament
               according
               to
               the
               formes
               and
               rites
            
             mentioned
             in
             that
             Book
             ,
             is
             expressed
             as
             the
             most
             proper
             legall
             character
             ,
             whereby
             to
             distinguish
             a
             
               Popish
               Recusant
            
             from
             a
             true
             Protestant
             .
             In
             so
             much
             that
             use
             hath
             been
             made
             of
             that
             very
             Character
             in
             sundry
             Acts
             ,
             since
             the
             beginning
             of
             this
             present
             Parliament
             for
             the
             taxing
             of
             double
             payments
             upon
             Recusants
             .
          
           
           
             THus
             have
             we
             clearly
             and
             freely
             represented
             our
             present
             judgement
             concerning
             the
             said
             Covenant
             ,
             Negative
             Oath
             ,
             and
             Ordinances
             ;
             which
             upon
             better
             information
             in
             any
             particular
             ,
             we
             shall
             be
             ready
             to
             rectifie
             .
             Onely
             we
             desire
             it
             may
             be
             considered
             ,
             that
             if
             any
             one
             single
             scruple
             or
             reason
             in
             any
             the
             premisses
             remaine
             unsatisfied
             ,
             (
             though
             we
             should
             receive
             full
             satisfaction
             in
             all
             the
             rest
             )
             the
             Conscience
             would
             also
             remain
             still
             unsatisfied
             .
             And
             in
             that
             case
             ,
             it
             can
             neither
             be
             reasonable
             for
             them
             that
             cannot
             satisfie
             us
             to
             presse
             us
             ,
             nor
             lawfull
             for
             us
             that
             cannot
             be
             satisfied
             to
             submit
             to
             the
             said
             Covenant
             ,
             Oath
             and
             Ordinances
             .
             
               
                 QUINTIL
                 .
              
               
                 Quis
                 damnaverit
                 eum
                 ,
                 qui
                 duabus
                 potentissimis
                 rebus
                 defenditur
                 .
                 Iure
                 &
                 mente
                 ?
              
            
             
               
                 ROM.
                 14.
                 22.
                 
              
               
                 Happy
                 is
                 he
                 that
                 condemneth
                 not
                 himselfe
                 in
                 that
                 which
                 he
                 alloweth
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           THE
           END
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           ERRATA
           .
        
         
           Page
           23.
           marg.
           read
           
             Haeretici
             .
          
           pag.
           24.
           l.
           12.
           read
           
             Ecclesiasticall
             .
          
           p.
           24.
           l.
           27.
           r.
           
             declared
             against
             Episcopacie
          
           )
           p.
           26.
           l.
           ult.
           marg.
           r.
           
             Hen.
          
           3.
           p.
           28.
           1.
           24.
           r.
           
             be
             inevitably
             .
          
        
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A62025e-480
           
             a
             Such
             an
             Oath
             ,
             as
             for
             Matter
             ,
             Persons
             ,
             and
             other
             Circumstances
             ,
             the
             like
             hath
             not
             been
             in
             any
             Age
             or
             Oath
             we
             read
             of
             in
             sacred
             or
             humane
             stories
             .
             
               M.
            
             Nye
             ,
             
               Covenant
               with
               Narrative
               ,
               pag.
               12.
               
            
          
           
             a
             Pactum
             est
             duorum
             pluriúmve
             in
             idem
             placitū
             consensus
             .
             
               L.
               1.
               ff.
               de
               Pactis
               .
            
          
           
             b
             Whereas
             many
             of
             them
             have
             had
             an
             oath
             administred
             unto
             them
             not
             warrantable
             by
             the
             Lawes
             and
             Statutes
             of
             this
             Realme
             ▪
             They
             doe
             humbly
             pray
             that
             no
             man
             hereafter
             be
             compelled
             to
             take
             such
             an
             oath
             .
             —
             All
             which
             they
             most
             humbly
             pray
             —
             as
             their
             rights
             and
             liberties
             according
             to
             the
             Lawes
             and
             Statutes
             of
             this
             Realme
             .
             
               Petit.
               of
               Right
               ,
               3.
               
            
          
           
             c
             It
             is
             declared
             16
             
               Ian.
            
             1642.
             
             That
             the
             King
             cannot
             
               compell
               men
               to
               be
               sworne
               without
               an
               act
               of
               Parliament
               .
            
             Exact
             Collect.
             pag.
             859
             ,
             860.
             
          
           
             d
             Proclam
             .
             of
             9.
             Octob.
             19.
             
             Car.
             
          
           
             a
             
               (
               viz.
               )
            
             In
             accounting
             Bishops
             Antichristian
             ,
             and
             indifferent
             Ceremonies
             unlawfull
             .
          
           
             b
             
               viz.
            
             In
             making
             their
             discipline
             and
             government
             a
             mark
             of
             the
             true
             Church
             ,
             and
             the
             setting
             up
             thereof
             the
             erecting
             of
             the
             throne
             of
             Christ
             .
          
           
             c
             Let
             us
             not
             be
             blamed
             if
             we
             call
             it
             Parliament
             Religion
             ,
             Parliament
             Gospel
             ,
             Parliament
             Faith
             .
             
               Harding
               confut
               .
               of
               Apology
               ,
               part
               6.
               Chap.
               2.
               
            
          
           
             d
             Stat.
             13.
             Eliz.
             12.
             
          
           
             e
             Such
             jurisdictions
             ,
             privileges
             ,
             superiorities
             and
             preheminences
             spirituall
             and
             ecclesiasticall
             ,
             as
             by
             any
             ,
             &c.
             for
             the
             Visitation
             of
             the
             Ecclesiasticall
             State
             and
             Persons
             ,
             and
             for
             reformation
             order
             and
             correction
             of
             the
             same
             ,
             and
             of
             all
             manner
             errors
             ,
             heresies
             ,
             schismes
             ,
             abuses
             ,
             offences
             ,
             contempts
             and
             enormities
             ,
             shall
             for
             ever
             by
             authority
             of
             this
             present
             Parliament
             be
             united
             and
             annexed
             to
             the
             Imperiall
             Crown
             of
             this
             Realme
             .
             
               An
               Act
               restoring
               to
               the
               Crowne
               the
               antient
               Jurisdiction
               ,
               &c.
               
               1
               Elizab.
               I.
               
            
          
           
             a
             Art.
             36.
             
          
           
             b
             —
             
               give
               advantage
               to
               this
               Malignant
               party
               to
               traduce
               our
               Proceedings
               .
               They
               infuse
               into
               the
               people
               that
               we
               mean
               to
               abolish
               all
               Church-Government
            
             —
             Remonst
             .
             15.
             
             Dec.
             1641.
             
             Exact
             Collect.
             pag.
             19.
             
             
               The
               Lords
               and
               Commons
               doe
               declare
               ,
               That
               they
               intend
               a
               due
               and
               necessary
               Reformation
               of
               the
               Government
               and
               Liturgie
               of
               the
               Church
               ;
               and
               to
               take
               away
               nothing
               in
               the
               one
               or
               in
               the
               other
               ,
               but
               what
               shall
               be
               evill
               ,
               and
               justly
               offensive
               ,
               or
               at
               least
               unnecessary
               and
               burthensome
               .
            
             Declar.
             9.
             
             Apr.
             1642.
             
             Exact
             Coll.
             p.
             135.
             
          
           
             c
             Statut.
             of
             Carlile
             25.
             E.
             1.
             recited
             25.
             E.
             3.
             
          
           
             d
             They
             infuse
             into
             the
             people
             ,
             that
             we
             mean
             —
             to
             leave
             every
             man
             to
             his
             own
             fancie
             —
             absolving
             him
             of
             that
             Obedience
             which
             he
             owes
             under
             God
             unto
             His
             Majesty
             ,
             whom
             we
             know
             to
             be
             entrusted
             with
             the
             Ecclesiasticall
             Law
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             with
             the
             Temporall
             .
             
               Exact
               Collect.
               ubi
               sup
               .
               p.
               19.
               
            
          
           
             e
             
               That
               he
               will
            
             grant
             ,
             keep
             and
             confirm
             the
             Laws
             ,
             Customes
             ,
             and
             Franchises
             ,
             granted
             to
             the
             Clergie
             by
             the
             glorious
             King
             S.
             
               Edward
               .
            
             And
             that
             he
             will
             grant
             and
             preserve
             unto
             the
             Bishops
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Churches
             committed
             to
             their
             charge
             ,
             all
             Canonicall
             Privileges
             and
             due
             Law
             and
             Iustice
             ;
             and
             that
             he
             will
             protect
             and
             defend
             them
             ,
             as
             every
             good
             King
             in
             his
             Kingdome
             ought
             to
             be
             Protector
             and
             Defender
             of
             the
             Bishops
             and
             the
             Churches
             under
             their
             Government
             .
             
               Vide
               Exact
               Coll.
               p.
            
             290
             ,
             291.
             
          
           
             f
             See
             Stat.
             25.
             H.
             8.
             20.
             
             &
             1.
             E.
             6.
             2
             
          
           
             g
             See
             Stat.
             39.
             Eliz.
             8.
             
          
           
             h
             Stat.
             14.
             E.
             3.
             4.
             
             &
             5.
             
             &
             17.
             E.
             3.
             14
             
          
           
             i
             Stat.
             26.
             H.
             8.
             3.
             
             &
             1.
             Eliz.
             4.
             
          
           
             k
             —
             Supremam
             potestatem
             &
             merū
             imperium
             apud
             nos
             habet
             Rex
             .
             
               Cambd.
            
             Whereas
             by
             sundry
             divers
             old
             authentique
             Histories
             &
             Chronicles
             it
             is
             manifestly
             declared
             and
             expressed
             ,
             that
             this
             Realm
             of
             England
             is
             an
             Empire
             ,
             and
             so
             hath
             been
             accepted
             in
             the
             world
             ,
             governed
             by
             one
             Supream
             Head
             and
             King
             ,
             having
             the
             dignity
             and
             royall
             estate
             of
             the
             Imperiall
             Crown
             of
             the
             same
             .
             
               Stat.
               24.
               H.
               8.
               12.
               
               See
               also
               1
               Elizab.
               3.
               
            
          
           
             a
             The
             Lords
             &
             Commons
             doe
             declare
             ,
             That
             they
             intend
             a
             due
             and
             necessary
             Reformation
             of
             the
             Liturgie
             of
             the
             Church
             ;
             and
             to
             take
             away
             nothing
             therein
             but
             what
             shall
             be
             evill
             ,
             and
             justly
             offensive
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             unnecessary
             and
             burthensome
             .
             
               Declarat
               .
               9.
               
               Apr.
               1642.
               
               Exact
               Coll.
               pag.
               135.
               
            
          
           
             c
             From
             whence
             it
             is
             most
             evident
             ,
             that
             the
             Rights
             and
             Privileges
             of
             the
             Parliaments
             and
             Liberties
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             are
             in
             the
             first
             place
             to
             be
             preserved
             .
             
               Answ.
               to
               Scotish
               Papers
               ,
               18.
            
             Nov.
             
               1646.
               page
               21.
               
            
          
           
             d
             We
             observe
             you
             mention
             the
             defence
             of
             the
             King
             twice
             from
             the
             Covenant
             ,
             yet
             in
             both
             places
             leave
             out
             
               In
               the
               preservation
               and
               ,
               &c.
               pag.
               39.
               
               &
               46.
            
             a
             maine
             clause
             ,
             without
             which
             the
             other
             part
             ought
             never
             to
             be
             mentioned
             .
             
               pag.
               56.
               
            
          
           
             a
             Haeretici
             nec
             Deo
             ,
             nec
             hominibus
             servant
             fidem
             .
             —
             Speciatim
             hec
             addo
             ,
             Calvinistas
             in
             hac
             re
             deteriores
             esse
             quàm
             Lutheranos
             .
             Nam
             Calvinistae
             nullam
             servant
             fi●em
             :
             Iura
             ,
             perjura
             .
             —
             Lutherani
             moderatiores
             sunt
             .
             
               Becan
               .
               5.
               
               Manual
               .
               Controv.
               14.
               2.
               4.
            
             &c.
             
          
           
             b
             Invent
             Oathes
             and
             Covenants
             for
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             dispence
             with
             them
             when
             he
             pleaseth
             ,
             sweare
             and
             forsweare
             as
             the
             wind
             turneth
             ,
             like
             a
             godly
             Presbyter
             .
             
               Arraig
               .
               of
               Perfec
               .
               in
               Epist.
               Ded.
               
            
          
           
             c
             By
             the
             Covenant
             ,
             both
             Houses
             of
             Parliament
             ,
             &
             many
             thousands
             of
             other
             His
             Majesties
             Subjects
             of
             England
             and
             Ireland
             stand
             bound
             as
             well
             as
             we
             to
             hinder
             the
             setting
             up
             of
             the
             Church-Government
             by
             Bishops
             in
             the
             Kingdome
             of
             Scotland
             :
             And
             that
             we
             as
             well
             as
             they
             stand
             bound
             to
             endeavour
             the
             extirpation
             thereof
             in
             England
             and
             Ireland
             .
             
               Scots
               Declar.
               to
               the
               States
               of
               the
               United
               Provinces
               ,
               5.
               
               Aug.
               1645.
               recited
               in
               Answer
               to
               the
               Scots
               Papers
               ,
               pag.
               23.
               
            
          
           
             d
             
               
                 The
                 old
                 formes
                 of
                 Acts
                 of
                 Parliam
                 ▪
                 were
                 ,
              
               The
               King
               willeth
               ,
               provideth
               ,
               ordaineth
               ,
               establisheth
               ,
               granteth
               ,
               &c.
               by
               the
               assent
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               &c.
               
               
                 See
                 Statutes
                 till
                 1
              
               H.
               4.
               
               
                 After
                 that
                 ,
              
               The
               King
               ,
               of
               the
               assent
               of
               the
               Lords
               Spirituall
               and
               Temporall
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               speciall
               instance
               and
               request
               of
               the
               Commons
               of
               this
               Realm
               ,
               hath
               ordained
               ,
               &c.
               
               
                 See
                 Statutes
                 1
              
               H.
               
                 4.
                 till
                 1
              
               H.
               
                 7.
                 
                 A
                 forme
                 of
                 such
                 Petition
                 of
                 the
                 Commons
                 ,
                 see
                 1
              
               R.
               
                 3.
                 6.
                 
              
               Prayen
               the
               Commons
               in
               this
               present
               Parliament
               assembled
               ,
               that
               where
               ,
               &c.
               
               Please
               it
               therefore
               your
               Highnesse
               ,
               by
               the
               advice
               and
               assent
               of
               the
               Lords
               Spirituall
               and
               Temporall
               in
               this
               your
               present
               Parliament
               assembled
               ,
               and
               by
               the
               authori●y
               of
               the
               same
               ,
               to
               ordaince
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             
               No
               Bill
               is
               an
               Act
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               Ordinance
               ,
               or
               Edict
               of
               Law
               ,
               although
               both
               the
               Houses
               agree
               unanimously
               in
               it
               ,
               till
               it
               hath
               the
               Royall
               Assent
               .
               
                 Ancient
                 Customes
                 ,
                 pag.
                 54.
                 
              
            
             
               Assemblee
               de
               ceux
               troys
               Estats
               est
               appellee
               un
               Act
               de
               Parliament
               :
               car
               sans
               touts
               troys
               nest
               ascun
               Act
               de
               Parl.
               
                 Finch
                 Nomotech
                 .
                 fol.
                 21.
                 
              
            
             
               We
               admit
               that
               no
               Acts
               of
               Parliament
               are
               complete
               ,
               or
               formally
               binding
               without
               the
               Kings
               assent
               .
               H.
               P.
               
                 Answer
                 to
              
               David
               Ienkins
               ,
               
                 pag.
                 6.
                 
              
            
          
           
             e
             —
             Which
             if
             your
             Majesty
             shall
             be
             pleased
             to
             adorne
             with
             your
             Majesties
             Royall
             assent
             ,
             (
             without
             which
             it
             can
             neither
             be
             complete
             and
             perfect
             ,
             nor
             —
             )
             
               Stat.
               1.
               Jac.
               1.
               
            
          
           
             f
             Stat.
             33.
             H.
             1.
             21.
             
          
           
             g
             Dominus
             Rex
             habet
             ordinariam
             jurisdictionem
             ,
             dignitatem
             &
             potestatem
             super
             omnes
             qui
             in
             regno
             suo
             sunt
             .
             —
             Ea
             quae
             jurisdictionis
             sunt
             &
             pacis
             —
             ad
             nullum
             pertinent
             nisi
             and
             coronam
             &
             dignitatem
             Regiam
             ,
             nec
             à
             coronâ
             separari
             possunt
             .
             Bracton
             
               cited
               by
            
             Stamford
             ,
             
               lib.
            
             2.
             cap.
             2.
             
          
           
             h
             For
             in
             our
             Lawes
             ,
             the
             Clergie
             ,
             Nobility
             ,
             &
             Communalty
             are
             the
             3.
             
             Estates
             .
             —
             
               We
               your
               said
               most
               loving
               ,
               faithfull
               ,
               and
               obedient
               Subjects
               ,
               (
               viz.
            
             the
             Lords
             Spirituall
             and
             Temporall
             ,
             and
             the
             Commons
             )
             
               representing
               your
               Three
               Estates
               of
               your
               Realme
               of
               England
               ,
            
             1
             Eliz.
             3.
             —
             the
             State
             of
             the
             Clergie
             being
             one
             of
             the
             greatest
             States
             of
             this
             Realme
             .
             8
             Eliz.
             1.
             
          
           
             i
             See
             
               Fin●h
            
             supra
             ad
             lit.
             [
             d
             ]
             .
          
           
             k
             The
             Crown
             of
             England
             hath
             been
             so
             free
             at
             all
             times
             ,
             that
             it
             hath
             been
             in
             no
             earthly
             subjection
             ,
             but
             immediately
             to
             God
             in
             all
             things
             touching
             the
             Regality
             of
             the
             said
             Crowne
             .
             —
             16
             
               R.
            
             2.
             5.
             
             Omnis
             sub
             eo
             est
             ,
             &
             ipse
             sub
             nullo
             ,
             nisi
             tantùm
             sub
             Deo.
             Parem
             autem
             non
             habet
             Rex
             in
             regno
             suo
             ,
             quia
             —
             Item
             nec
             multò
             fortiùs
             superiorem
             aut
             potentiorem
             habere
             debet
             ,
             quia
             sic
             esset
             inferior
             suis
             subjectis
             .
             
               Bracton
               .
               conten
               .
               1.
               Rubr.
               36.
            
             —
             Cui
             
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
               {non-Roman}
            
             ,
             legibus
             ipsis
             legum
             vim
             imponendi
             potestatem
             Deus
             dedit
             .
             
               Finch
               Nomotech
               .
               in
               Epist.
               Dedic.
               to
               K.
            
             Iames
             .
          
           
             l
             Fons
             Iustitiae
             .
             
               Bracton
               .
            
             By
             War
             to
             intend
             the
             alteration
             of
             the
             Lawes
             in
             any
             part
             of
             them
             ,
             is
             to
             levy
             War
             against
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             consequently
             Treason
             by
             the
             Statute
             of
             25
             
               E.
            
             3.
             —
             because
             they
             are
             the
             Kings
             Lawes
             .
             He
             is
             the
             fountaine
             from
             whence
             in
             their
             severall
             channels
             they
             are
             derived
             to
             the
             Subject
             .
             
               Master
               Saint
               John's
               Speech
               concerning
               the
               Earle
               of
               Strafford
               ,
               page
               12.
               
            
          
           
             m
             —
             Et
             ibidem
             vobiscum
             colloquium
             habere
             ,
             tractare
             super
             dictis
             negotiis
             tract
             :
             vestrumque
             consilium
             impensur
             :
             
               Writ
               to
               the
               Lords
               .
            
          
           
             a
             Every
             Subject
             by
             the
             duty
             of
             his
             Allegiance
             is
             bounden
             to
             serve
             and
             assist
             his
             Prince
             and
             Soveraigne
             Lord
             at
             all
             seasons
             when
             need
             shall
             require
             11
             
               H.
            
             7.
             18.
             
          
           
             Stat.
             1.
             El.
             1.
             
          
           
             1
             Cor.
             5.
             1.
             &c.
             
          
           
             1
             Cor.
             11.
             28.
             &c.
             
          
           
             *
             Stat.
             23.
             Eliz.
             1.
             
             &
             29.
             Eliz.
             6.
             
             &
             35
             El.
             1.
             
             &
             2.
             
             &
             3
             Iac.
             4.
             
             &
             5.
             
          
        
      
      
  

