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         Carter, W. (William)
      
       
         
           1677
        
      
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         A34886
         Wing C676B
         ESTC R18389
         11747027
         ocm 11747027
         48530
         
           
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             The proverb crossed, or, A new paradox maintained (viz.) that it is not at all times true, that interest cannot lye being a full, clear and distinct answer to a paper of an English gentleman, who endeavours to demonstrate that it is for the interest of England that the laws against transportation of wooll should be repealed.
             Carter, W. (William)
          
           [2], 25 p.
           
             Printed for authour,
             [London] :
             1677.
          
           
             Caption title: A full and clear answer to a paper intituled, Reasons for a limited exportation of wooll.
             Attributed to William Carter. Cf. Wing.
             Place of publication from Wing.
             Reproduction of original in Columbia University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Wool industry -- England.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           PROVERB
           Crossed
           ,
           OR
           A
           new
           PARADOX
           Maintained
           ,
           
             (
             Viz.
          
           )
           That
           it
           is
           not
           at
           all
           times
           true
           ,
           that
           Interest
           cannot
           Lye.
           
        
         
           Being
           A
           FULL
           ,
           CLEAR
           and
           DISTINCT
           Answer
           to
           a
           Paper
           of
           an
           English
           Gentleman
           ,
           who
           endeavours
           to
           demonstrate
           that
           it
           is
           for
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           ,
           that
           the
           Laws
           against
           Transportation
           of
           Wooll
           should
           be
           repealed
           .
        
         
           Printed
           for
           Authour
           ,
           In
           the
           Year
           1677.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           FULL
           and
           CLEAR
           Answer
           to
           a
           Paper
           Intituled
           ,
           
             Reasons
             for
             A
             Limited
             Exportation
             of
             Wooll
             .
          
        
         
           BEfore
           I
           shall
           come
           directly
           to
           Answer
           the
           said
           Papers
           ,
           I
           shall
           premise
           some
           few
           Considerations
           :
           And
           first
           of
           all
           ,
           I
           shall
           doe
           my
           Oponent
           that
           Right
           as
           to
           acknowledge
           two
           things
           ,
           the
           one
           is
           that
           though
           he
           findes
           his
           Design
           opposed
           by
           several
           Discourses
           under
           the
           Name
           of
           
             W.
             C.
          
           (
           and
           chiefly
           by
           one
           called
           
             Englands
             Interests
          
           )
           yet
           that
           he
           writes
           like
           a
           Gentleman
           ,
           and
           not
           as
           too
           many
           do
           in
           our
           dayes
           in
           matters
           of
           another
           nature
           ,
           like
           enemies
           exposing
           each
           other
           to
           shame
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           thing
           is
           this
           ,
           that
           he
           doth
           grant
           divers
           things
           in
           that
           Discourse
           of
           mine
           to
           be
           true
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           but
           a
           handfull
           of
           Corn
           (
           as
           he
           calls
           it
           )
           amongst
           abundance
           of
           Chaff
           ,
           and
           to
           evidence
           his
           approbation
           of
           them
           ,
           he
           hath
           done
           me
           the
           Honour
           to
           Front
           his
           Discourse
           with
           divers
           Propositions
           ,
           allowed
           even
           by
           himself
           .
        
         
           I
           shall
           therefore
           answerably
           endeavour
           to
           treat
           the
           said
           Authour
           with
           all
           that
           Civility
           which
           a
           person
           of
           Quality
           doth
           deserve
           ,
           (
           as
           I
           suppose
           he
           is
           though
           he
           be
           unknown
           to
           me
           )
           granting
           to
           him
           what
           is
           true
           ,
           Rectifying
           what
           I
           humbly
           conceive
           to
           be
           mistaken
           ,
           and
           answering
           such
           Objections
           as
           are
           material
           ,
           presuming
           when
           after
           this
           is
           done
           ,
           and
           is
           maturely
           considered
           by
           my
           Opponent
           ,
           we
           may
           joyn
           in
           our
           endeavours
           ,
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           general
           good
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           supposing
           that
           is
           both
           our
           Designs
           .
        
         
           I
           must
           needs
           say
           ,
           that
           I
           had
           no
           thoughts
           of
           appearing
           in
           Publick
           any
           more
           ,
           and
           could
           not
           easily
           have
           been
           moved
           thereunto
           ,
           had
           not
           my
           zeal
           to
           the
           Commerce
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           (
           which
           is
           at
           present
           solely
           
           maintained
           by
           the
           woollen
           Manufacture
           of
           it
           )
           Raised
           my
           fears
           so
           farre
           ,
           as
           to
           believe
           a
           Ruine
           is
           coming
           upon
           us
           ,
           and
           so
           farre
           as
           to
           doubt
           also
           that
           we
           may
           be
           hastning
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           those
           very
           means
           we
           would
           endeavour
           to
           prevent
           it
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           I
           cannot
           now
           but
           like
           the
           dumb
           child
           speak
           when
           he
           saw
           a
           knife
           at
           his
           fathers
           Throat
           ,
           I
           mean
           when
           I
           consider
           the
           Extremity
           we
           are
           like
           to
           be
           in
           from
           the
           French
           Kings
           Vigilancy
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           endeavours
           that
           he
           hath
           of
           late
           used
           to
           acquire
           the
           making
           of
           the
           woollen
           Manufacture
           in
           his
           own
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           what
           Artifice
           and
           vast
           Expence
           he
           doth
           use
           to
           effect
           his
           said
           design
           ,
           both
           in
           France
           ,
           and
           by
           his
           Agents
           here
           in
           England
           ,
           even
           at
           this
           very
           day
           notwithstanding
           ,
           his
           minde
           is
           and
           cannot
           but
           be
           so
           much
           engaged
           in
           the
           present
           warrs
           ;
           and
           if
           he
           doth
           this
           in
           the
           very
           midst
           of
           his
           distractions
           ,
           what
           will
           he
           not
           do
           ,
           or
           what
           may
           we
           not
           expect
           hereafter
           from
           him
           when
           he
           is
           at
           Peace
           with
           all
           his
           Neighbours
           ,
           especially
           having
           already
           gotten
           such
           quantities
           of
           our
           wooll
           ,
           as
           he
           hath
           ?
        
         
           And
           to
           encourage
           the
           Manufacture
           thereof
           ,
           the
           said
           French
           King
           (
           for
           his
           Interest
           it
           is
           we
           are
           about
           to
           promote
           )
           hath
           even
           very
           lately
           
             (
             viz.
          
           within
           this
           few
           Moneths
           )
           issued
           forth
           his
           Edict
           ,
           (
           which
           is
           their
           Law
           )
           for
           the
           Erecting
           Hospitals
           in
           many
           Towns
           in
           France
           ,
           both
           for
           the
           setting
           all
           sorts
           of
           Persons
           at
           work
           (
           that
           are
           able
           )
           in
           the
           woollen
           Manufacture
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Maintenance
           of
           all
           Indigent
           persons
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           suffer
           a
           beggar
           there
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           the
           French
           King
           ,
           how
           farre
           soever
           he
           pretends
           a
           friendship
           to
           us
           ,
           be
           designing
           by
           all
           manner
           of
           wayes
           and
           means
           ,
           to
           undermine
           our
           Commerce
           ,
           and
           by
           it
           to
           Ruine
           us
           consequently
           in
           our
           Trade
           ,
           and
           in
           our
           shipping
           ,
           and
           in
           our
           strength
           by
           Sea
           ,
           I
           may
           I
           hope
           be
           pardoned
           ,
           if
           I
           am
           more
           than
           indifferently
           concerned
           ,
           or
           more
           than
           ordinarily
           warm
           ,
           to
           think
           that
           we
           our selves
           should
           endeavour
           to
           perfect
           the
           French
           Kings
           design
           by
           delivering
           up
           the
           foundation
           of
           so
           rich
           a
           Manufacture
           into
           his
           hands
           ,
           and
           by
           this
           means
           delivering
           up
           all
           our
           Forts
           ,
           Castles
           and
           strong
           holds
           :
           for
           that
           which
           is
           moved
           is
           moved
           Principally
           ,
           (
           if
           not
           solely
           )
           for
           the
           French
           Kings
           advantage
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           is
           desired
           (
           if
           granted
           )
           tends
           onely
           to
           our
           own
           inevitable
           Ruine
           and
           Destruction
           .
        
         
           Seeing
           the
           thing
           desired
           is
           that
           after
           the
           French
           King
           hath
           laid
           all
           this
           method
           in
           a
           readiness
           ,
           to
           Rob
           us
           of
           our
           Clothing
           Trade
           ,
           we
           to
           the
           end
           we
           may
           shew
           our selves
           not
           onely
           his
           good
           friends
           ,
           but
           his
           obedient
           Servants
           and
           Vassals
           ,
           desire
           that
           what
           wooll
           our
           Clothiers
           cannot
           work
           out
           in
           Cloth
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           French
           Kings
           late
           
           Imposition
           upon
           it
           ,
           to
           the
           breach
           of
           Commerce
           (
           and
           consequently
           as
           farre
           as
           in
           him
           lyeth
           ,
           to
           the
           Breach
           of
           the
           Peace
           with
           us
           )
           may
           for
           the
           time
           to
           come
           be
           sold
           to
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           that
           we
           may
           not
           hereafter
           think
           of
           so
           vain
           and
           idle
           a
           thing
           ,
           as
           to
           preserve
           or
           recover
           our
           woollen
           Manufacture
           any
           more
           ,
           or
           to
           preserve
           the
           Kings
           Customs
           ,
           or
           the
           strength
           and
           shipping
           of
           this
           great
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           Upon
           all
           which
           considerations
           I
           cannot
           but
           humbly
           entreat
           our
           Gentry
           ,
           (
           and
           more
           especially
           such
           as
           have
           the
           Honour
           to
           serve
           their
           Country
           in
           Parliament
           )
           seriously
           to
           reflect
           upon
           the
           wisdom
           of
           that
           great
           Prince
           King
           
             Edward
             3d.
          
           and
           upon
           the
           method
           which
           he
           in
           his
           Reign
           used
           ,
           now
           so
           long
           since
           ,
           to
           gain
           the
           woollen
           Manufacture
           out
           of
           Flanders
           into
           this
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           impartially
           to
           compare
           this
           with
           the
           present
           Practice
           of
           the
           French
           King
           before
           mentioned
           .
        
         
           And
           then
           to
           consider
           whether
           we
           have
           not
           reason
           to
           do
           the
           utmost
           we
           may
           to
           prevent
           his
           design
           ,
           or
           whether
           we
           have
           reason
           to
           do
           all
           that
           we
           can
           (
           nay
           more
           than
           he
           himself
           doth
           ask
           or
           expect
           from
           us
           )
           by
           a
           Law
           to
           promote
           and
           incourage
           his
           design
           ;
           and
           therefore
           to
           consider
           whether
           there
           be
           Reason
           upon
           the
           supposition
           ,
           that
           our
           own
           people
           do
           not
           steal
           wooll
           enough
           into
           France
           ,
           sufficient
           to
           pleasure
           the
           French
           Kings
           design
           fully
           ;
           and
           in
           regard
           the
           carrying
           our
           wooll
           thither
           by
           stealth
           ,
           doth
           not
           manifest
           friendship
           enough
           to
           him
           to
           desire
           therefore
           that
           his
           Majesty
           and
           the
           Parliament
           will
           please
           to
           make
           a
           Law
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           French
           Kings
           subjects
           without
           any
           controle
           may
           (
           after
           such
           a
           day
           of
           the
           year
           )
           constantly
           come
           and
           buy
           what
           wooll
           they
           please
           here
           as
           at
           a
           free
           Mart
           ,
           because
           it
           is
           more
           for
           the
           interest
           of
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           more
           for
           the
           Advancing
           the
           Honour
           ,
           wealth
           and
           repute
           of
           the
           Nation
           in
           General
           ,
           and
           consequently
           more
           for
           the
           enhauncing
           the
           price
           of
           Lands
           ,
           that
           the
           whole
           woollen
           Manufacture
           and
           Commerce
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           strength
           of
           our
           Shipping
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Forts
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           be
           given
           to
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           and
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           that
           we
           be
           his
           Servants
           and
           Vassals
           ,
           here
           to
           breed
           his
           wooll
           for
           him
           ,
           rather
           than
           to
           carry
           our
           woollen
           Manufacture
           into
           France
           our selves
           ,
           or
           rather
           than
           to
           suffer
           so
           good
           a
           design
           of
           the
           
             French
             King
             's
          
           to
           fall
           ,
           as
           tends
           to
           the
           utter
           Ruine
           of
           our
           Forreign
           Trade
           .
        
         
           For
           if
           in
           stead
           of
           preventing
           his
           design
           ,
           we
           shall
           by
           supplying
           him
           all
           we
           can
           with
           our
           wooll
           ,
           Resolve
           rather
           to
           advance
           it
           and
           make
           a
           Law
           for
           it
           ;
           we
           must
           be
           very
           short
           sighted
           if
           we
           understand
           not
           that
           after
           he
           hath
           supplyed
           his
           own
           Countrey
           he
           will
           not
           only
           endeavour
           ,
           but
           will
           soon
           be
           able
           to
           supply
           
             Flanders
             ,
             Portugal
             ,
             Spain
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Streights
           ,
           to
           gain
           an
           advantage
           to
           his
           own
           Subjects
           ,
           for
           if
           he
           may
           
           break
           the
           Laws
           of
           Commerce
           ,
           and
           lay
           what
           Impositions
           he
           Arbitrarily
           pleaseth
           upon
           our
           
             Cloth
             ,
             Sugar
          
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           our
           
             native
             Commodities
          
           ,
           even
           while
           we
           are
           at
           Peace
           with
           him
           ,
           why
           may
           he
           not
           also
           lay
           an
           Imposition
           upon
           all
           our
           Ships
           that
           pass
           the
           Streights
           ,
           or
           that
           shall
           dare
           to
           Trade
           or
           bring
           the
           same
           Commodities
           that
           he
           doth
           in
           any
           Port
           of
           Italy
           or
           Turkey
           ,
           where
           the
           Subjects
           of
           his
           Greatness
           comes
           ;
           and
           when
           our
           Commerce
           is
           lost
           ,
           and
           our
           Manufacture
           gone
           ,
           and
           our
           Ships
           imposed
           upon
           ,
           that
           shall
           pass
           the
           Seas
           ,
           what
           shall
           be
           left
           to
           defend
           our selves
           in
           case
           we
           will
           not
           also
           receive
           his
           Codex
           ,
           or
           Laws
           ,
           or
           his
           Religion
           ,
           or
           whatsoever
           he
           shall
           (
           for
           the
           Greatness
           of
           his
           Name
           )
           think
           fit
           to
           require
           of
           us
           ?
        
         
           All
           which
           things
           ,
           whether
           they
           be
           convenient
           not
           only
           to
           be
           wished
           but
           to
           be
           contributed
           to
           by
           a
           Law
           ,
           I
           humbly
           leave
           to
           my
           Opponent
           ,
           themselves
           to
           Judge
           ,
           for
           when
           the
           Trade
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           the
           Riches
           ,
           not
           only
           onely
           of
           His
           Majesty
           and
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           but
           also
           the
           main
           strength
           and
           support
           thereof
           shall
           be
           lost
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           now
           Declining
           whatever
           our
           Imaginations
           are
           to
           the
           Contrary
           ?
           what
           way
           or
           means
           may
           we
           as
           rational
           Persons
           think
           to
           prevent
           any
           of
           those
           things
           ?
        
         
           This
           General
           being
           premised
           ,
           I
           shall
           now
           enter
           upon
           the
           Discourse
           it self
           ,
           the
           main
           aim
           or
           scope
           of
           which
           seems
           to
           divide
           it self
           into
           two
           Parts
           ,
           the
           one
           tends
           to
           prove
           that
           there
           ought
           to
           be
           a
           
             Limitted
             Transportation
          
           of
           wooll
           ;
           the
           other
           to
           prove
           that
           by
           a
           
             Limited
             Exportation
          
           of
           wooll
           the
           Price
           of
           it
           may
           be
           Raised
           ,
           and
           by
           Raising
           of
           this
           ,
           the
           Rents
           of
           Lands
           ,
           may
           and
           will
           be
           encreased
           ,
           and
           his
           
             Majesties
             Customs
          
           greatly
           Advanced
           and
           if
           these
           things
           were
           
             Really
             Practicable
          
           ,
           I
           should
           not
           only
           be
           so
           just
           to
           my self
           ,
           and
           just
           to
           my
           Oponents
           ,
           but
           so
           just
           to
           the
           Nation
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           put
           pen
           to
           Paper
           to
           trouble
           my
           Reader
           ,
           and
           much
           less
           to
           expose
           my self
           to
           a
           stage
           of
           contention
           ,
           as
           I
           am
           now
           like
           possibly
           to
           do
           ;
           but
           for
           as
           much
           as
           the
           quite
           contrary
           will
           (
           if
           I
           mistake
           not
           )
           appear
           ,
           I
           shall
           therefore
           Examine
           and
           Weigh
           those
           Reasons
           and
           Grounds
           which
           my
           Opponent
           hath
           brought
           for
           those
           Assertions
           .
        
         
           And
           first
           ,
           Whereas
           my
           Opponent
           doth
           endeavour
           to
           Allarm
           the
           
             Nation
             ,
             that
             for
             want
             of
             the
             vending
             our
             superfluous
             wooll
             abroad
             ,
             that
             the
             Farmer
             ,
             and
             the
             Landlord
             are
             so
             much
             damnified
             ;
             that
             the
             one
             cannot
             pay
             his
             Rent
             ,
             nor
             the
             other
             sustain
             his
             Taxes
             ;
             and
             that
             this
             is
             the
             chiefest
             if
             not
             the
             sole
             Reason
             of
             sinking
             our
             Rents
             ,
             and
             throwing
             up
             Farms
             ,
             and
             them
             sery
             of
             the
             whole
             Countrey
             .
          
        
         
           This
           Consequence
           is
           not
           allowed
           ,
           that
           being
           assigned
           for
           a
           general
           Cause
           ,
           which
           is
           but
           one
           among
           many
           ,
           and
           that
           a
           very
           small
           one
           .
           The
           
           true
           cause
           of
           the
           abating
           the
           Price
           of
           Land
           ,
           and
           lessening
           the
           Rents
           ,
           being
           to
           be
           taken
           from
           the
           proportion
           that
           the
           said
           price
           alwaies
           holds
           to
           the
           rate
           of
           Interest
           ,
           as
           is
           generally
           given
           for
           Money
           ,
           which
           Rate
           depends
           whether
           we
           will
           or
           no
           upon
           the
           plenty
           of
           Bullion
           ;
           and
           that
           our
           Bullion
           is
           decayed
           ,
           and
           the
           decay
           of
           this
           is
           the
           Main
           and
           
             Principal
             cause
          
           of
           the
           fall
           of
           our
           Lands
           ,
           will
           easily
           appear
           to
           any
           that
           shall
           consider
           ,
           First
           ,
           the
           
             great
             Loss
          
           that
           
             this
             Kingdom
          
           did
           receive
           by
           the
           two
           last
           
             Dutch
             wars
          
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           The
           further
           sad
           ,
           and
           almost
           
             Incomputable
             Loss
          
           which
           it
           sustained
           by
           the
           firing
           of
           the
           City
           of
           London
           ,
           and
           by
           firing
           of
           a
           great
           part
           of
           the
           Suburbs
           since
           .
           And
           Thirdly
           ,
           by
           the
           vast
           Expence
           that
           this
           Nation
           hath
           been
           put
           to
           for
           the
           Rebuilding
           of
           the
           said
           City
           and
           the
           Suburbs
           .
           Fourthly
           ,
           by
           the
           Over-ballance
           of
           the
           Trade
           of
           France
           ,
           through
           the
           
             French
             Kings
             Arbitrary
             Impositions
          
           ,
           and
           the
           breaking
           the
           Laws
           of
           Commerce
           with
           us
           ,
           to
           the
           prejudice
           of
           our
           Trade
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           loss
           of
           near
           One
           
             Million
             of
             pounds
             sterling
          
           by
           the
           year
           :
           which
           four
           causes
           of
           the
           decay
           of
           our
           Bullion
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           no
           way
           to
           be
           denyed
           ,
           so
           neither
           can
           it
           be
           doubted
           ,
           but
           that
           we
           have
           by
           all
           these
           means
           ,
           lost
           near
           ,
           if
           not
           above
           the
           one
           half
           of
           the
           Bullion
           of
           this
           Nation
           ,
           (
           as
           it
           was
           before
           the
           said
           Accidents
           did
           Happen
           )
           and
           are
           daily
           loosing
           ;
           and
           if
           the
           Bullion
           be
           thus
           decreased
           ,
           no
           marvel
           if
           the
           Landlord
           find
           it
           in
           his
           Rents
           ,
           and
           the
           Shopkeeper
           finde
           it
           in
           his
           Trade
           ,
           and
           the
           Farmer
           find
           it
           in
           his
           Market
           ,
           and
           no
           marvel
           ,
           if
           all
           degrees
           of
           Persons
           whatever
           do
           make
           a
           Complaint
           ,
           how
           hard
           money
           is
           to
           be
           got
           .
        
         
           So
           that
           if
           we
           shall
           speak
           Accurately
           ,
           though
           the
           fall
           of
           Lands
           doth
           Mainly
           and
           Principally
           depend
           (
           as
           we
           have
           said
           )
           upon
           the
           loss
           and
           decay
           of
           Bullion
           ,
           in
           regard
           where
           plenty
           of
           Money
           is
           in
           any
           Nation
           ,
           there
           will
           be
           store
           of
           Chapmen
           for
           Land
           ,
           (
           and
           perhaps
           greater
           store
           of
           Buyers
           than
           there
           may
           be
           of
           
             Sellers
             ,
          
           )
           and
           in
           regard
           where
           there
           is
           on
           the
           contrary
           a
           
             great
             scarcity
          
           of
           Money
           ,
           there
           will
           be
           few
           Buyers
           to
           many
           Sellers
           ,
           nevertheless
           there
           are
           other
           concurrent
           Causes
           of
           the
           fall
           of
           Lands
           ,
           besides
           this
           Main
           and
           Principal
           one
           .
        
         
           For
           it
           is
           also
           to
           be
           Considered
           ,
           that
           in
           former
           times
           ,
           the
           
             Main
             Chapmen
          
           for
           the
           Buying
           of
           Lands
           ,
           were
           the
           Merchants
           or
           Citizens
           ,
           which
           being
           reduced
           now
           to
           a
           very
           small
           Number
           ,
           partly
           through
           the
           Accidents
           before
           mentioned
           ,
           and
           partly
           through
           the
           shutting
           up
           the
           Exchequer
           ,
           the
           Buyers
           must
           now
           of
           necessity
           be
           restrained
           to
           the
           Gentry
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           Lawyers
           ,
           who
           observing
           that
           the
           Building
           of
           Houses
           doth
           oft-times
           bring
           in
           
             Greater
             Profit
          
           than
           the
           Buying
           of
           Land
           ,
           especially
           if
           the
           Rents
           prove
           good
           ,
           they
           have
           therefore
           for
           this
           Reason
           been
           induced
           to
           
           lay
           out
           their
           Money
           in
           Building
           ,
           rather
           than
           in
           Land.
           
        
         
           And
           we
           know
           it
           is
           matter
           of
           fact
           ,
           that
           besides
           the
           Building
           of
           the
           City
           again
           ,
           there
           hath
           within
           these
           twenty
           years
           been
           more
           Building
           upon
           new
           foundations
           ,
           especially
           more
           fair
           and
           costly
           Buildings
           ,
           and
           more
           especially
           in
           the
           West
           part
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           than
           in
           any
           one
           age
           before
           ,
           since
           this
           Nation
           stood
           .
        
         
           To
           all
           these
           Causes
           let
           me
           add
           that
           also
           ,
           which
           hath
           been
           for
           many
           years
           complained
           on
           ,
           and
           oft
           mentioned
           or
           discoursed
           of
           even
           in
           Parliament
           it self
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           bad
           defective
           and
           uncertain
           title
           of
           Lands
           for
           want
           of
           registering
           ,
           and
           which
           how
           much
           soever
           it
           hath
           been
           complained
           of
           ,
           hath
           never
           hitherto
           been
           remedied
           ;
           because
           there
           are
           some
           Callings
           which
           gain
           more
           by
           mens
           Contentions
           ,
           and
           Abuses
           of
           one
           another
           in
           bargains
           ,
           than
           they
           do
           by
           mens
           Integrity
           one
           towards
           another
           .
        
         
           And
           indeed
           if
           it
           be
           a
           good
           argument
           on
           my
           Opponents
           part
           ,
           that
           one
           occasion
           of
           the
           decay
           of
           our
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           ,
           is
           our
           false
           and
           base
           making
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           if
           this
           Argument
           be
           so
           just
           and
           ingenious
           that
           I
           cannot
           but
           freely
           confess
           it
           .
           Then
           I
           know
           not
           why
           my
           Opponent
           should
           not
           in
           ingenuity
           ,
           as
           well
           allow
           of
           my
           argument
           for
           the
           fall
           of
           the
           Price
           of
           Land
           ,
           that
           among
           many
           other
           Causes
           this
           is
           one
           very
           considerable
           ,
           
             (
             viz.
          
           )
           the
           bad
           fraudulent
           and
           defective
           Titles
           of
           Land
           for
           want
           of
           a
           Register
           or
           for
           want
           at
           least
           of
           some
           other
           method
           to
           ascertain
           the
           purchaser
           of
           them
           in
           his
           title
           to
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           the
           several
           causes
           which
           we
           have
           here
           assigned
           for
           the
           fall
           of
           Lands
           ,
           be
           such
           as
           every
           man
           will
           grant
           to
           be
           self-evident
           ,
           then
           my
           Opponent
           will
           I
           hope
           not
           take
           it
           ill
           ,
           if
           I
           allow
           not
           his
           to
           be
           a
           cause
           at
           all
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           to
           be
           so
           small
           a
           one
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           scarce
           to
           be
           reckoned
           in
           a
           day
           with
           these
           that
           we
           have
           here
           named
           .
        
         
           And
           whereas
           my
           Opponents
           next
           pretence
           in
           this
           head
           ,
           is
           ,
           
             That
             it
             is
             much
             more
             the
             concern
             of
             the
             Nation
             to
             preserve
             the
             Nobility
             ,
             Gentry
             and
             those
             that
             the
             land
             of
             this
             Countrey
             belongs
             unto
             ;
             rather
             than
             regard
             a
             few
             Artificers
             ,
             who
             are
             employed
             in
             the
             working
             up
             of
             the
             Wooll
             of
             this
             Nation
             ,
             or
             to
             regard
             the
             Merchant
             who
             gains
             by
             the
             Exportation
             of
             our
             Manufacture
             .
          
        
         
           And
           whereas
           he
           gives
           many
           reasons
           why
           the
           first
           of
           those
           
             (
             viz.
          
           )
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           ,
           should
           be
           preferr'd
           before
           the
           latter
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           contemptible
           
             Merchant
             ,
             and
             Marriner
             ,
             and
             Artificer
             ,
          
           I
           humbly
           crave
           leave
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           the
           said
           Argument
           doth
           wholly
           depend
           upon
           a
           supposition
           which
           is
           no
           way
           fit
           to
           be
           granted
           ,
           
             (
             viz.
          
           )
           as
           if
           the
           Interests
           
           of
           the
           
             Merchant
             ,
             Marriner
             and
             Artificer
          
           were
           not
           only
           opposite
           to
           ,
           but
           wholly
           inconsistant
           with
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           
             Nobility
             ,
             Gentry
             and
             Farmers
          
           ,
           whereas
           there
           is
           nothing
           more
           evident
           than
           the
           contrary
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           whole
           Argument
           it self
           falls
           for
           want
           of
           a
           Foundation
           .
           For
           the
           clearing
           of
           which
           let
           us
           consider
           ,
           That
           in
           as
           much
           as
           it
           is
           impossible
           that
           we
           should
           defend
           our selves
           ,
           as
           an
           Island
           ,
           otherwise
           than
           by
           the
           strength
           of
           our
           Shipping
           ,
           and
           seeing
           this
           is
           much
           less
           possible
           to
           be
           done
           now
           at
           such
           a
           juncture
           of
           time
           when
           our
           nearest
           Neighbors
           do
           partly
           out
           of
           fear
           ,
           and
           partly
           out
           of
           emulation
           multiply
           Shipping
           upon
           us
           ,
           and
           use
           all
           endeavours
           that
           are
           possible
           to
           gain
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           from
           us
           ,
           it
           is
           hence
           clear
           that
           we
           must
           either
           say
           that
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           
             Nobility
             ,
             Gentry
             and
             Farmer
          
           ,
           is
           not
           the
           same
           with
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           or
           if
           it
           be
           the
           same
           with
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           their
           Interest
           then
           to
           uphold
           the
           
             Trade
             and
             Shipping
          
           of
           this
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           consequently
           to
           uphold
           the
           Merchant
           .
        
         
           But
           forasmuch
           as
           all
           that
           understand
           Trade
           ,
           do
           well
           know
           that
           all
           the
           Commerce
           of
           this
           Nation
           doth
           for
           the
           value
           and
           bulk
           of
           it
           intirely
           depend
           upon
           the
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           ,
           consequently
           it
           must
           be
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           
             Nobility
             ,
             Gentry
             and
             Farmer
          
           to
           uphold
           the
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           't
           is
           to
           uphold
           Trade
           ,
           or
           to
           uphold
           the
           strength
           of
           our
           Shipping
           by
           Sea.
           For
           what
           will
           the
           Lands
           of
           the
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           profit
           them
           ,
           or
           what
           will
           become
           of
           the
           
             Priviledges
             and
             Rites
          
           of
           Englishmen
           ,
           if
           through
           the
           loss
           of
           our
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           we
           lose
           our
           Trade
           ,
           and
           if
           by
           the
           loss
           of
           this
           we
           want
           Shipping
           to
           defend
           our selves
           ?
        
         
           To
           this
           Argument
           let
           us
           also
           add
           ,
           that
           if
           there
           be
           no
           opposition
           between
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Farmer
           ,
           (
           as
           no
           man
           doth
           pretend
           there
           is
           )
           then
           there
           can
           be
           no
           opposition
           between
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           ,
           and
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Artificer
           who
           works
           up
           the
           Wooll
           of
           all
           the
           Countrey
           .
        
         
           For
           besides
           the
           profit
           that
           doth
           arise
           to
           the
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           by
           the
           Houses
           which
           are
           taken
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           lands
           that
           are
           rented
           by
           the
           Clothiers
           and
           by
           the
           Workmen
           under
           them
           ,
           it
           's
           well
           known
           that
           the
           said
           
             Clothiers
             and
             Workmen
          
           are
           serviceable
           to
           the
           Farmer
           ,
           not
           only
           for
           the
           buying
           up
           his
           Wooll
           ,
           but
           for
           the
           buying
           up
           all
           manner
           of
           Victualls
           also
           ;
           by
           the
           which
           not
           only
           one
           but
           all
           the
           parts
           of
           the
           Farmers
           rents
           come
           to
           be
           discharged
           ,
           one
           Clothier
           employing
           not
           only
           one
           or
           two
           hundred
           persons
           ,
           but
           sometimes
           one
           or
           two
           Thousand
           ;
           and
           consequently
           ,
           if
           we
           shall
           admit
           that
           there
           are
           in
           England
           not
           above
           five
           thousand
           Clothiers
           ,
           and
           admit
           that
           each
           of
           these
           one
           with
           
           another
           do
           maintain
           but
           two
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           workmen
           ,
           the
           whole
           will
           amount
           to
           upward
           of
           twelve
           hundred
           thousand
           ;
           wherefore
           if
           we
           shall
           allow
           for
           each
           of
           these
           people
           but
           four
           pounds
           per
           year
           ,
           one
           with
           another
           ,
           the
           whole
           will
           amount
           to
           between
           four
           and
           five
           Millions
           of
           pounds
           sterling
           by
           the
           year
           ,
           which
           yearly
           Sum
           the
           Farmer
           doth
           immediately
           receive
           ,
           and
           consequently
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           from
           the
           poor
           and
           contemptible
           Artificer
           ,
           over
           and
           above
           what
           is
           further
           contributed
           by
           them
           to
           the
           
             Shoomakers
             ,
             Taylers
          
           and
           other
           Trades
           ,
           that
           could
           not
           live
           and
           be
           maintained
           without
           them
           ,
           nor
           the
           Farmer
           himself
           ,
           if
           all
           these
           Trades
           should
           fail
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           And
           here
           I
           must
           humbly
           crave
           leave
           to
           rectify
           another
           mistake
           in
           my
           Opponent
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           is
           no
           small
           one
           ;
           which
           is
           ,
           that
           in
           as
           much
           as
           it
           is
           matter
           of
           Fact
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           may
           be
           clearly
           demonstrated
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           at
           least
           ,
           if
           not
           more
           than
           a
           Million
           of
           Persons
           young
           and
           old
           of
           both
           Sexes
           ,
           employed
           in
           the
           
             Cloathing
             Trade
          
           ;
           and
           in
           as
           much
           as
           all
           that
           are
           thus
           employed
           ,
           are
           such
           as
           have
           their
           dependance
           solely
           and
           wholly
           upon
           the
           said
           Manufacture
           ,
           without
           intermixing
           themselves
           in
           the
           labours
           of
           
             Hedging
             Ditching
             ,
             Quick
             setting
          
           ,
           and
           others
           the
           works
           belonging
           to
           Husbandry
           ;
           it
           's
           hence
           evident
           how
           much
           my
           Opponent
           hath
           clearly
           mistaken
           himself
           ,
           in
           supposing
           that
           though
           our
           
             Cloathing
             Trade
          
           should
           be
           lost
           ,
           yet
           all
           the
           Persons
           that
           are
           now
           employed
           in
           it
           ,
           might
           find
           work
           from
           the
           service
           of
           the
           Farmer
           .
        
         
           For
           seeing
           it's
           matter
           of
           Fact
           that
           the
           Farmer
           is
           able
           to
           supply
           himself
           all
           the
           year
           ,
           with
           as
           many
           Labourers
           ,
           and
           more
           than
           he
           hath
           an
           occasion
           for
           ,
           without
           so
           much
           as
           medling
           with
           ,
           or
           requiring
           assistance
           of
           those
           who
           are
           now
           employed
           in
           the
           
             Clothing
             Trade
          
           ,
           it
           must
           unavoidably
           follow
           ,
           that
           if
           our
           Manufacture
           should
           be
           totally
           lost
           ,
           as
           there
           will
           be
           above
           a
           Million
           of
           People
           that
           must
           either
           starve
           ,
           or
           beg
           ,
           or
           be
           put
           to
           the
           charge
           of
           the
           several
           Parishes
           ,
           or
           be
           forced
           to
           steal
           ,
           or
           rob
           ,
           or
           leave
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           so
           it
           's
           as
           evident
           ,
           that
           the
           Farmer
           after
           all
           this
           will
           not
           onely
           be
           less
           able
           to
           employ
           Labourers
           ,
           then
           he
           was
           before
           ,
           but
           less
           able
           to
           pay
           his
           Landlord
           ,
           by
           four
           or
           five
           Millions
           every
           year
           .
        
         
           And
           when
           such
           an
           abatement
           as
           this
           shall
           be
           made
           of
           the
           
             Farmers
             Income
          
           ,
           I
           shall
           leave
           it
           to
           any
           wise
           man
           then
           to
           consider
           ,
           what
           will
           become
           of
           the
           price
           of
           Lands
           ,
           or
           value
           of
           Rents
           ,
           and
           how
           much
           this
           will
           advantage
           the
           Grower
           or
           Breeder
           of
           wooll
           .
        
         
           And
           to
           make
           good
           this
           Computation
           ,
           and
           free
           it
           from
           all
           suspition
           of
           slightiness
           ,
           we
           shall
           further
           offer
           to
           consideration
           ,
           that
           whatever
           is
           the
           true
           value
           of
           all
           the
           woollen
           Manufacture
           of
           England
           ,
           the
           
             Nobility
             
             Gentry
          
           ,
           and
           Commonalty
           do
           receive
           among
           them
           ,
           near
           ,
           if
           not
           more
           than
           Nine
           parts
           of
           it
           in
           Ten.
           For
           in
           as
           much
           as
           all
           who
           are
           well
           acquainted
           with
           the
           
             Clothing
             Trade
          
           ,
           do
           know
           that
           it
           is
           not
           a
           tenth
           part
           of
           the
           profit
           ,
           nor
           sometime
           the
           twentieth
           that
           is
           gained
           by
           the
           Clothier
           or
           first
           employer
           who
           frequently
           loseth
           of
           the
           very
           Interest
           of
           his
           money
           ,
           consequently
           it
           must
           of
           necessity
           follow
           ,
           that
           nine
           of
           ten
           parts
           ,
           if
           not
           19
           of
           20
           parts
           of
           the
           whole
           value
           of
           the
           said
           Manufacture
           must
           be
           distributed
           to
           the
           Nation
           ;
           so
           that
           admitting
           the
           whole
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           of
           this
           Nation
           ,
           comprehending
           
             Cloth
             ,
             Stuffs
             ,
             Bayes
             ,
             Stockings
             ,
          
           and
           all
           other
           sort
           of
           the
           said
           Manufacture
           ,
           do
           amount
           to
           four
           millions
           of
           pounds
           sterling
           per
           year
           (
           more
           or
           less
           ,
           )
           there
           will
           not
           come
           of
           that
           great
           sum
           to
           the
           Clothier
           or
           first
           employer
           much
           above
           two
           hundred
           thousand
           pounds
           (
           if
           so
           much
           ;
           )
           so
           that
           three
           Millions
           and
           eight
           hundred
           thousand
           pounds
           per
           year
           ,
           must
           of
           necessity
           be
           distributed
           to
           the
           Nation
           by
           virtue
           of
           the
           said
           Clothing
           Trade
           :
           whereof
           we
           cannot
           but
           suppose
           the
           Farmers
           and
           therefore
           the
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           must
           receive
           the
           greater
           part
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           well
           known
           also
           that
           it
           is
           solely
           by
           our
           Trade
           that
           not
           only
           this
           great
           City
           of
           London
           it self
           ,
           but
           several
           other
           large
           Cities
           of
           this
           Nation
           do
           wholly
           depend
           ,
           and
           which
           if
           our
           Trade
           were
           removed
           they
           would
           soon
           be
           deserted
           by
           their
           respective
           Inhabitants
           .
        
         
           Then
           we
           cannot
           but
           offer
           to
           consideration
           where
           the
           
             Nobility
             ,
             Gentry
             or
             Farmers
          
           would
           find
           a
           Market
           for
           their
           Commodities
           ,
           or
           find
           a
           price
           answerable
           to
           them
           .
        
         
           All
           which
           particulars
           I
           have
           been
           the
           larger
           in
           ,
           to
           remove
           that
           mistake
           which
           is
           all
           most
           as
           destructive
           to
           this
           Nation
           as
           the
           Pestilence
           it self
           ,
           which
           is
           that
           mentioned
           by
           my
           Opponent
           ,
           
             (
             viz.
             )
             That
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Merchant
             or
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Clothier
             and
             Artificer
             is
             not
             consistant
             with
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           ;
           the
           contrary
           being
           now
           made
           sufficiently
           to
           appear
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           My
           Opponents
           third
           Argument
           is
           ,
           
             That
             Wooll
             was
             at
             10
             l.
             per
             Pack
             in
             the
             year
             1647.
             when
             it
             was
             Prohibited
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             the
             following
             year
             it
             was
             sold
             for
             16
             l.
             per
             Pack
             ,
             but
             that
             Wool
             hath
             ever
             since
             by
             reason
             the
             said
             Prohibition
             abated
             ,
             as
             is
             pretended
             of
             the
             price
             of
             it
             and
             is
             now
             not
             worth
             above
             4
             or
             5
             pounds
             per
             pack
             .
          
        
         
           In
           which
           Argument
           there
           seems
           to
           be
           a
           failure
           in
           two
           respects
           ,
           one
           as
           if
           the
           Wool
           of
           the
           Nation
           hath
           never
           bore
           any
           price
           since
           the
           time
           of
           the
           Prohibition
           ,
           whereas
           it
           may
           be
           made
           appear
           that
           after
           the
           year
           1650.
           
           Wooll
           bore
           a
           very
           considerable
           price
           from
           10
           l.
           per
           Pack
           to
           24
           l.
           
           per
           Pack
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           goodness
           of
           the
           said
           Wool
           ,
           and
           continued
           so
           for
           some
           time
           ,
           which
           shews
           us
           an
           other
           mistake
           in
           his
           Arguments
           ,
           as
           if
           the
           fall
           of
           the
           price
           of
           Wool
           were
           wholly
           to
           be
           ascribed
           to
           the
           Prohibition
           of
           it
           ,
           whereas
           indeed
           there
           are
           two
           other
           causes
           that
           are
           very
           evident
           .
           First
           ,
           From
           the
           discouragement
           that
           hath
           been
           put
           upon
           the
           Clothier
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           vent
           of
           our
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           by
           the
           
             French
             Kings
          
           Arbitrary
           impositions
           upon
           it
           to
           the
           almost
           utter
           prohibition
           of
           it
           ;
           wherby
           now
           there
           cannot
           be
           so
           much
           wrought
           of
           it
           as
           formerly
           ,
           which
           had
           otherwise
           certainly
           been
           ,
           and
           then
           no
           such
           occasion
           or
           pretence
           as
           this
           would
           have
           been
           taken
           to
           complain
           of
           superfluous
           Woll
           ,
           and
           therefore
           as
           this
           cannot
           be
           denied
           to
           be
           a
           true
           cause
           why
           more
           of
           our
           Wool
           comes
           to
           be
           unwrought
           then
           formerly
           ,
           so
           't
           is
           clear
           that
           those
           very
           men
           that
           are
           now
           pleaded
           for
           by
           my
           Opponent
           ,
           (
           I
           mean
           the
           stealers
           and
           transporters
           of
           Wool
           about
           Canterbury
           ,
           and
           the
           places
           adjacent
           ,
           not
           for
           necessity
           but
           for
           filthy
           greediness
           of
           gain
           and
           lucre
           )
           have
           highly
           contributed
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Nation
           against
           it
           ,
           and
           notwithstanding
           the
           ruine
           of
           the
           Nation
           that
           is
           daily
           Jeopardied
           by
           it
           ;
           in
           which
           respect
           I
           cannot
           but
           confess
           that
           
             Rumney
             Marsh
          
           hath
           indeed
           created
           an
           interest
           by
           it self
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           such
           an
           interest
           which
           neither
           is
           nor
           hath
           been
           consistent
           with
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           nor
           with
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           in
           general
           ,
           so
           that
           the
           said
           stealers
           or
           transporters
           of
           Wooll
           have
           been
           the
           main
           and
           principal
           cause
           of
           both
           these
           inconveniences
           
             (
             viz.
          
           )
           both
           of
           the
           loss
           of
           our
           Manufacture
           and
           the
           lowring
           the
           price
           of
           Wool.
           
        
         
           The
           other
           cause
           of
           the
           fall
           of
           the
           price
           of
           Wool
           especially
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           hath
           been
           the
           necessitating
           of
           Ireland
           to
           stock
           their
           Pasture-grounds
           with
           Sheep
           instead
           of
           great
           Cattel
           ,
           and
           those
           of
           the
           best
           breed
           of
           England
           ,
           by
           which
           means
           ,
           as
           Wool
           hath
           of
           late
           years
           been
           more
           increased
           than
           ever
           at
           any
           time
           before
           within
           his
           Majesties
           Dominions
           ,
           so
           the
           consequence
           of
           this
           extraordinary
           increase
           (
           and
           not
           any
           fault
           in
           the
           Clothier
           or
           Manufacturer
           )
           is
           that
           which
           hath
           not
           only
           brought
           down
           the
           price
           ,
           but
           hath
           occasioned
           so
           great
           a
           quantity
           of
           it
           to
           be
           sent
           abroad
           into
           forreign
           parts
           ,
           as
           it
           bears
           now
           almost
           as
           small
           a
           price
           beyond
           Sea
           as
           here
           ,
           and
           therefore
           that
           in
           this
           Argument
           my
           Opponent
           hath
           assigned
           that
           for
           a
           cause
           which
           is
           no
           cause
           at
           all
           may
           clearly
           appear
           ,
           because
           it
           's
           matter
           of
           fact
           ,
           that
           Wool
           bore
           as
           good
           a
           price
           if
           not
           (
           after
           the
           said
           prohibition
           as
           it
           did
           before
           for
           many
           years
           till
           that
           breach
           of
           Commerce
           was
           put
           upon
           us
           by
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           which
           we
           before
           mentioned
           ,
           and
           untill
           that
           unfortunate
           Act
           (
           for
           so
           I
           must
           humbly
           crave
           leave
           to
           call
           it
           )
           was
           made
           against
           the
           importing
           the
           
           Irish
           Cattle
           upon
           supposition
           that
           it
           would
           raise
           the
           price
           of
           Land
           here
           in
           England
           ,
           whereas
           the
           quite
           contrary
           effect
           hath
           been
           too
           much
           experienc'd
           ,
           
             (
             viz.
          
           )
           That
           it
           hath
           laid
           such
           a
           foundation
           for
           the
           impoverishing
           England
           ,
           as
           will
           not
           quickly
           (
           I
           fear
           )
           be
           recovered
           .
        
         
           4thly
           .
           The
           next
           thing
           alleadged
           by
           my
           Opponent
           ,
           is
           ,
           
             That
             a
             limited
             Exportation
             of
             Wool
             will
             be
             more
             for
             the
             advantage
             of
             our
             Woollen
             Trade
             ,
             and
             less
             for
             that
             beyond
             the
             Sea
             ,
             than
             the
             hindring
             of
             it
             hath
             been
             .
          
        
         
           Which
           assertion
           if
           my
           Opponent
           had
           really
           ,
           sufficiently
           and
           effectually
           made
           good
           ,
           he
           might
           justly
           have
           merited
           the
           name
           ,
           for
           being
           the
           greatest
           master
           of
           reason
           in
           England
           .
        
         
           And
           indeed
           seeing
           a
           paradox
           more
           strange
           and
           more
           hard
           to
           be
           conceived
           ,
           could
           not
           easily
           be
           stated
           ,
           I
           could
           not
           but
           expect
           that
           some
           Arguments
           more
           remarkable
           than
           ordinary
           would
           immediatly
           have
           followed
           it
           ,
           but
           finding
           (
           contrary
           to
           my
           expectations
           )
           nothing
           beyond
           a
           bare
           affirmation
           that
           if
           strangers
           had
           a
           liberty
           to
           buy
           what
           Wooll
           soever
           they
           please
           ,
           they
           would
           pay
           the
           dearer
           for
           it
           ,
           by
           much
           than
           now
           they
           do
           ,
           and
           that
           our
           Clothiers
           would
           therefore
           have
           it
           the
           cheaper
           ,
           and
           by
           this
           advantage
           would
           be
           able
           to
           under
           sell
           ,
           the
           strangers
           in
           their
           Manufacture
           .
        
         
           I
           say
           finding
           little
           or
           nothing
           more
           to
           be
           brought
           either
           by
           way
           of
           Reason
           or
           of
           Argument
           to
           maintain
           this
           paradox
           ,
           I
           was
           soon
           convinced
           that
           it
           remained
           as
           uncapable
           to
           be
           proved
           as
           it
           was
           before
           ,
           and
           a
           little
           to
           evidence
           the
           improbability
           of
           the
           said
           consequence
           ,
           we
           shall
           here
           offer
           some
           few
           reasons
           to
           the
           contrary
           ,
           and
           first
           ,
           I
           crave
           leave
           to
           say
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           no
           way
           likely
           that
           the
           Grower
           in
           any
           part
           of
           England
           ,
           should
           not
           be
           willing
           to
           get
           the
           utmost
           price
           for
           his
           Wooll
           that
           he
           can
           ,
           and
           therefore
           not
           likely
           that
           any
           Grower
           whatsoever
           will
           sell
           his
           wool
           to
           the
           Natives
           of
           this
           Countrey
           ,
           for
           a
           less
           price
           than
           he
           presumes
           he
           may
           have
           of
           strangers
           ,
           and
           therefore
           not
           at
           all
           likely
           that
           our
           own
           Manufacturers
           ,
           should
           buy
           it
           cheaper
           than
           others
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           Admitting
           that
           it
           should
           be
           made
           unlawful
           for
           any
           stranger
           to
           buy
           up
           wool
           till
           such
           a
           Time
           or
           Season
           of
           the
           year
           ,
           to
           the
           end
           that
           our
           Clothiers
           might
           first
           provide
           themselves
           of
           what
           they
           need
           ,
           yet
           it
           would
           no
           way
           follow
           but
           strangers
           may
           have
           their
           Agents
           and
           Factors
           here
           ,
           that
           may
           purchase
           it
           at
           the
           same
           ease
           ,
           with
           the
           same
           conveniency
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           same
           rates
           that
           our
           Clothiers
           are
           like
           to
           do
           ;
           nor
           can
           I
           perceive
           any
           thing
           propounded
           by
           my
           Opponent
           that
           would
           be
           able
           in
           the
           least
           either
           to
           prevent
           it
           or
           to
           obviate
           it
           .
           But
           ,
        
         
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           And
           this
           great
           ommission
           in
           my
           Opponent
           I
           could
           not
           but
           take
           the
           more
           notice
           of
           ,
           because
           if
           no
           expedient
           can
           be
           found
           out
           by
           him
           (
           which
           I
           doubt
           there
           will
           not
           )
           to
           prevent
           Strangers
           from
           giving
           what
           Commissions
           ,
           they
           please
           to
           buy
           up
           what
           quantities
           of
           wooll
           soever
           they
           shall
           think
           fit
           ,
           here
           in
           this
           Countrey
           ,
           as
           I
           see
           not
           how
           or
           by
           what
           means
           the
           Exportation
           of
           our
           Wooll
           should
           be
           any
           way
           possibly
           limited
           ,
           so
           neither
           do
           I
           see
           how
           the
           Clothiers
           here
           should
           be
           sufficiently
           and
           certainly
           furnished
           ,
           or
           how
           the
           Manufacture
           it self
           should
           be
           capable
           of
           being
           any
           way
           preserved
           ,
           and
           if
           these
           mischiefs
           ,
           and
           inconveniences
           cannot
           but
           follow
           ,
           and
           cannot
           but
           be
           necessary
           consequences
           of
           such
           a
           Law
           ,
           as
           is
           propounded
           by
           my
           Opponent
           ;
           and
           that
           nothing
           to
           obviate
           or
           prevent
           these
           inconveniences
           hath
           been
           either
           regarded
           ,
           or
           so
           much
           as
           attempted
           by
           him
           ;
           I
           cannot
           but
           take
           it
           to
           be
           a
           very
           great
           blot
           to
           his
           judgment
           ,
           barely
           and
           boldly
           to
           offer
           at
           such
           a
           thing
           ,
           which
           is
           attended
           with
           so
           much
           hazard
           .
        
         
           But
           Fourthly
           ,
           Because
           my
           Opponent
           seems
           to
           put
           his
           chiefest
           stress
           in
           this
           ,
           
             (
             viz.
             )
             That
             a
             large
             Custom
             may
             be
             put
             upon
             all
             wooll
             that
             is
             exported
             by
             Strangers
             ,
             and
             that
             at
             least
             by
             this
             means
             they
             may
             come
             to
             pay
             double
             the
             price
             of
             what
             our
             Clothiers
             do
             ,
             and
             not
             only
             so
             ,
             but
             by
             this
             means
             also
             his
             Majesty
             may
             receive
             an
             advantage
             by
             the
             Custom
             that
             is
             imposed
             upon
             it
             .
          
        
         
           To
           try
           the
           weight
           or
           strength
           of
           this
           expedient
           ,
           or
           rather
           to
           shew
           the
           vanity
           of
           it
           .
           Let
           us
           suppose
           that
           3d.
           or
           4d
           .
           per
           pound
           shall
           by
           a
           Law
           be
           imposed
           upon
           all
           wool
           that
           shall
           be
           shipped
           out
           by
           Strangers
           or
           others
           ,
           as
           it
           will
           not
           follow
           that
           the
           said
           Custom
           should
           be
           paid
           to
           his
           Majestie
           for
           the
           one
           half
           of
           the
           wooll
           ,
           that
           shall
           be
           so
           shipt
           out
           seeing
           under
           the
           colour
           of
           100
           packs
           many
           hundred
           may
           be
           exported
           .
           So
           this
           will
           much
           the
           less
           follow
           from
           the
           very
           observation
           which
           my
           Opponent
           himself
           hath
           made
           ,
           of
           the
           nature
           and
           temper
           of
           the
           Stealers
           or
           Transporters
           of
           Wool
           ;
           for
           if
           as
           he
           confesseth
           they
           will
           be
           contented
           with
           12d
           .
           a
           day
           profit
           so
           they
           may
           play
           the
           Merchants
           ,
           and
           if
           they
           are
           content
           to
           run
           the
           hazard
           of
           their
           necks
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           tryed
           as
           Fellons
           ,
           for
           so
           small
           a
           matter
           as
           this
           amounts
           to
           ,
           which
           cannot
           be
           above
           8
           or
           10s
           .
           upon
           a
           pack
           ,
           how
           much
           more
           then
           will
           they
           been
           couraged
           to
           steal
           the
           Custom
           of
           it
           when
           their
           excuse
           shall
           be
           fairer
           and
           their
           advantage
           much
           greater
           ,
           and
           the
           hazard
           less
           a
           hundred
           times
           than
           now
           it
           is
           .
        
         
           But
           in
           the
           fifth
           and
           last
           place
           ,
           Let
           us
           admit
           for
           Arguments
           sake
           ,
           that
           4l
           .
           was
           imposed
           upon
           every
           pack
           of
           Wool
           that
           was
           transported
           ,
           and
           
           let
           us
           admit
           that
           all
           this
           Custom
           was
           duly
           paid
           ,
           yet
           I
           see
           not
           the
           least
           ground
           ,
           for
           my
           Opponents
           confidence
           that
           we
           shall
           for
           this
           cause
           be
           able
           to
           undersell
           the
           French
           in
           the
           
             woollen
             Manufa-cture
          
           .
        
         
           For
           beside
           that
           the
           nature
           of
           their
           Manufacture
           being
           but
           sleight
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           takes
           up
           much
           less
           wool
           than
           ours
           doth
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           part
           of
           their
           warps
           being
           made
           of
           their
           fine
           spun
           Linnen
           and
           their
           own
           course
           wool
           ,
           I
           say
           besides
           this
           the
           impositions
           that
           have
           been
           of
           late
           Arbitrarily
           put-upon
           all
           our
           woollen
           Manufacture
           in
           France
           ,
           and
           considering
           also
           there
           is
           no
           Custom
           at
           all
           put
           upon
           wool
           there
           when
           imported
           both
           these
           will
           utterly
           prevent
           our
           selling
           the
           said
           Manufacture
           there
           cheaper
           than
           the
           French
           can
           make
           it
           ,
           though
           they
           shall
           give
           not
           only
           double
           but
           treble
           the
           price
           that
           we
           ourselves
           do
           give
           for
           wool
           .
        
         
           5thly
           .
           The
           next
           thing
           alledged
           by
           my
           Opponent
           is
           ,
           
             That
             our
             Fore
             fathers
             did
             never
             prohibit
             the
             Transportation
             of
             wooll
             unless
             upon
             some
             great
             occasion
             ,
             and
             for
             a
             certain
             Season
             ,
             till
             of
             late
             years
             ,
             for
             making
             good
             of
             which
             a
             summary
             of
             several
             Statutes
             ,
             are
             brought
             from
             the
             time
             of
          
           Edw.
           the
           3d.
           
             downwards
             to
             our
             own
             times
          
           .
        
         
           For
           answer
           to
           all
           which
           Statutes
           ,
           I
           shall
           make
           use
           of
           no
           other
           argument
           than
           what
           my
           Opponent
           himself
           hath
           put
           into
           my
           mouth
           ,
           which
           is
           ,
           that
           wool
           was
           for
           many
           ages
           ,
           by
           the
           wisdom
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           at
           least
           very
           often
           prohibited
           ;
           and
           that
           whensoever
           the
           Government
           it self
           saw
           there
           was
           a
           greater
           occasion
           than
           ordinary
           for
           it
           ,
           they
           did
           always
           prohibit
           it
           ;
           and
           consequently
           if
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           at
           present
           be
           such
           and
           the
           circumstances
           relating
           to
           our
           Neighbours
           about
           us
           ,
           being
           not
           only
           so
           great
           ,
           but
           so
           instant
           and
           importune
           that
           these
           two
           considered
           there
           will
           be
           much
           more
           reason
           ,
           and
           much
           more
           necessity
           for
           the
           prohibiting
           of
           it
           now
           than
           formerly
           .
        
         
           Then
           all
           that
           my
           Opponent
           labours
           at
           in
           producing
           instances
           of
           other
           kinds
           and
           where
           the
           circumstances
           are
           not
           the
           same
           falls
           wholly
           to
           the
           ground
           .
        
         
           For
           the
           clearing
           of
           which
           ,
           let
           us
           consider
           that
           the
           circumstances
           peculiar
           to
           this
           present
           time
           is
           ,
           That
           we
           have
           not
           only
           been
           possessed
           for
           many
           ages
           of
           the
           Manufacturing
           of
           our
           wool
           but
           have
           of
           late
           so
           improved
           our
           Trade
           and
           Commerce
           by
           it
           ,
           that
           we
           have
           exported
           it
           by
           shipping
           of
           our
           own
           ,
           not
           only
           into
           
             France
             ,
             Portugal
             and
             Spain
          
           ,
           but
           into
           
             Italy
             ,
             Turkey
          
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           most
           remote
           parts
           of
           the
           World.
           
        
         
           By
           which
           means
           as
           our
           wealth
           came
           greatly
           to
           encrease
           ,
           so
           we
           our selves
           became
           more
           powerful
           in
           Shipping
           than
           ever
           ,
           which
           greatness
           
           of
           our
           Trade
           and
           the
           strength
           of
           our
           Shipping
           being
           not
           only
           observed
           but
           forthwith
           emulated
           by
           some
           of
           our
           Neighbours
           ,
           and
           ●eing
           it
           likewise
           clearly
           discerned
           ,
           that
           the
           chiefest
           means
           for
           the
           maintenance
           of
           it
           proceeded
           from
           our
           
             woollen
             Manufacture
          
           ,
           as
           the
           Hollander
           therefore
           first
           so
           the
           French
           since
           have
           by
           many
           undue
           Laws
           and
           pressures
           upon
           us
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           ancient
           treaties
           of
           Peace
           and
           Commerce
           ,
           endeavoured
           to
           rob
           the
           said
           Manufacture
           from
           us
           .
        
         
           Nor
           is
           the
           state
           of
           the
           contest
           now
           at
           present
           between
           us
           only
           ,
           who
           shall
           have
           the
           Trade
           ,
           but
           who
           is
           fittest
           to
           have
           the
           strength
           and
           dominion
           of
           the
           Sea.
           
        
         
           Wherefore
           if
           my
           Opponent
           be
           not
           only
           an
           Islander
           ,
           but
           so
           much
           an
           
             English
             Man
          
           ,
           and
           be
           so
           true
           a
           Subject
           to
           the
           interest
           of
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           which
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           he
           is
           ,
           as
           to
           think
           there
           is
           none
           so
           fit
           as
           his
           Majesty
           is
           to
           command
           the
           Sea
           ,
           then
           my
           Opponent
           must
           of
           necessity
           grant
           that
           nothing
           ought
           at
           this
           time
           to
           be
           done
           by
           us
           that
           may
           hazard
           the
           greatness
           of
           our
           Trade
           and
           Commerce
           ,
           and
           consequently
           that
           nothing
           ought
           to
           be
           suffered
           by
           us
           )
           so
           far
           as
           we
           are
           able
           in
           any
           wise
           to
           prevent
           it
           )
           that
           may
           either
           lessen
           or
           indanger
           our
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           ,
           and
           consequently
           if
           nothing
           can
           so
           much
           hazard
           it
           ,
           and
           hazard
           the
           very
           loss
           of
           our
           Trade
           and
           of
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           it self
           through
           it
           ,
           as
           the
           countenancing
           and
           contributing
           to
           the
           
             woollen
             Manufacture
          
           now
           set
           up
           in
           France
           ,
           then
           this
           is
           not
           to
           be
           done
           by
           us
           ,
           but
           is
           rather
           ,
           if
           we
           will
           persue
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           by
           all
           means
           to
           be
           prevented
           by
           us
           .
        
         
           And
           consequently
           till
           my
           Opponent
           shall
           be
           able
           to
           make
           it
           appear
           ,
           that
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           if
           lost
           will
           be
           no
           great
           harm
           to
           us
           ,
           or
           till
           he
           make
           it
           appear
           that
           we
           are
           able
           to
           keep
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           Sea
           even
           notwithstanding
           our
           
             Trade
             and
             Commerce
          
           should
           be
           utterly
           lost
           ,
           and
           notwithstanding
           our
           
             woollen
             Manufacture
          
           should
           be
           wholly
           carried
           away
           by
           our
           Neighbours
           :
        
         
           Or
           till
           he
           makes
           it
           appear
           by
           other
           arguments
           than
           hitherto
           he
           hath
           done
           ,
           that
           the
           French
           though
           they
           increase
           their
           
             woollen
             Manufacture
          
           will
           neither
           be
           able
           to
           undersell
           us
           abroad
           ,
           nor
           be
           able
           to
           prevent
           our
           Clothes
           and
           Stuffs
           from
           going
           into
           France
           as
           formerly
           :
        
         
           I
           say
           till
           my
           Opponent
           shall
           be
           able
           to
           make
           good
           all
           these
           things
           ,
           I
           must
           crave
           leave
           to
           differ
           from
           him
           wholly
           ,
           and
           plainly
           to
           affirm
           on
           the
           contrary
           first
           that
           the
           Transportation
           of
           Wool
           if
           allowed
           by
           a
           Law
           can
           no
           way
           be
           limited
           .
        
         
           Because
           if
           the
           Transportation
           of
           Wool
           shall
           be
           allowed
           by
           a
           Law
           ,
           
           no
           means
           ,
           (
           speaking
           rationally
           )
           is
           able
           to
           prevent
           the
           
             Hollanders
             ,
             Flandrians
          
           ,
           and
           French
           to
           give
           each
           of
           them
           ,
           such
           Commissions
           as
           they
           please
           to
           buy
           up
           here
           what
           quantity
           of
           Wool
           soever
           they
           shall
           think
           fit
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           In
           regard
           that
           this
           can
           no
           way
           be
           prevented
           ,
           and
           that
           my
           Opponent
           himself
           offers
           not
           the
           least
           grain
           of
           an
           expedient
           towards
           it
           ;
           I
           therefore
           farther
           affirm
           ,
           that
           it
           cannot
           appear
           that
           our
           Clothiers
           or
           Manufacturers
           here
           ,
           should
           have
           the
           least
           priviledge
           above
           the
           stranger
           ,
           either
           in
           point
           of
           provision
           ,
           or
           in
           point
           of
           price
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           That
           our
           Clothier
           ,
           or
           Manufacturer
           here
           ,
           must
           of
           necessity
           have
           a
           far
           greater
           disadvantage
           ,
           with
           reference
           to
           the
           furnishing
           himself
           ,
           than
           the
           stranger
           abroad
           ,
           in
           regard
           it
           cannot
           be
           thought
           ,
           he
           should
           be
           able
           to
           raise
           any
           such
           stock
           of
           money
           as
           the
           stranger
           can
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           strangers
           Forestalling
           of
           him
           ,
           and
           consequently
           if
           it
           be
           lawful
           to
           talk
           reason
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           no
           ground
           to
           imagine
           ,
           that
           our
           Manufacture
           should
           not
           in
           short
           time
           be
           utterly
           lost
           ,
           and
           this
           being
           lost
           ,
           as
           our
           Trade
           and
           Strength
           at
           Sea
           must
           be
           inevitably
           lost
           with
           it
           ,
           so
           not
           only
           the
           Honour
           ,
           Wealth
           and
           Rents
           ,
           but
           the
           very
           priviledges
           Liberty
           and
           Property
           of
           this
           Nation
           must
           be
           hazarded
           to
           such
           strangers
           as
           shall
           carry
           away
           the
           Trade
           ,
           and
           Strength
           from
           us
           .
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           As
           to
           the
           next
           Allegation
           ,
           made
           by
           my
           
             Opponent
             ,
             viz.
             That
             the
             Transportation
             of
             Wooll
             ,
             will
             better
             His
             Majesties
             Customes
          
           ;
           I
           see
           but
           little
           in
           it
           that
           may
           require
           my
           Answer
           to
           it
           ,
           in
           as
           much
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           spoken
           already
           to
           this
           under
           the
           fourth
           head
           ,
           Nevertheless
           ,
           I
           must
           crave
           leave
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           my
           Opponent
           here
           also
           goeth
           upon
           an
           Extraordinary
           mistake
           ,
           it
           being
           not
           at
           all
           in
           dispute
           between
           us
           ,
           whether
           his
           Majesties
           Customes
           would
           be
           bettered
           ,
           if
           a
           Subsidy
           were
           paid
           only
           for
           that
           wooll
           ,
           that
           is
           now
           Exported
           ,
           in
           stead
           of
           having
           it
           all
           stoln
           ;
           But
           the
           dispute
           between
           us
           strictly
           is
           ,
           what
           His
           Majesties
           Customes
           will
           hereafter
           amount
           to
           comparitively
           to
           what
           they
           at
           present
           now
           are
           ,
           in
           case
           there
           should
           be
           a
           Law
           ,
           for
           the
           free
           and
           unlimited
           Exportation
           of
           Wooll
           ,
           and
           that
           by
           reason
           of
           this
           Law
           and
           the
           Consequences
           that
           must
           follow
           from
           it
           ,
           our
           Wollen
           Manufacture
           shall
           come
           to
           be
           wholly
           and
           entirely
           lost
           ;
           for
           it
           becomes
           not
           a
           wise
           man
           (
           and
           such
           ,
           I
           must
           in
           Civility
           Judge
           my
           Opponent
           to
           be
           )
           in
           making
           such
           proposals
           ,
           as
           tend
           to
           the
           altering
           of
           Lawes
           ,
           to
           look
           at
           the
           present
           only
           ,
           but
           to
           look
           more
           Principally
           at
           the
           time
           to
           come
           .
        
         
         
           And
           therefore
           it
           is
           not
           in
           this
           case
           at
           all
           to
           be
           considered
           what
           the
           advantage
           will
           be
           that
           may
           come
           to
           his
           Majesties
           Customes
           ,
           for
           a
           few
           Moneths
           ,
           or
           for
           a
           single
           year
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           to
           be
           considered
           ,
           what
           the
           advantage
           or
           disadvantage
           ,
           will
           be
           to
           His
           Majesties
           Customes
           ,
           for
           the
           time
           to
           come
           ;
           admitting
           these
           inconveniences
           ,
           which
           I
           have
           before
           mentioned
           to
           be
           unavoidable
           ,
           from
           the
           Law
           ,
           which
           is
           propounded
           by
           my
           Opponent
           .
        
         
           Besides
           my
           Opponent
           cannot
           doubtless
           be
           so
           ignorant
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           have
           considered
           ,
           that
           the
           greatness
           of
           His
           Majesties
           Customes
           (
           which
           is
           at
           this
           day
           greater
           than
           ever
           )
           is
           not
           at
           all
           raised
           comparatively
           from
           the
           export
           but
           from
           the
           Import
           ,
           which
           is
           10
           if
           not
           20
           times
           greater
           than
           the
           Export
           ,
           the
           value
           of
           all
           which
           Import
           must
           proportionally
           fall
           as
           the
           quantity
           of
           our
           Manufacture
           shall
           fail
           to
           be
           carried
           out
           ,
           and
           as
           our
           raw
           and
           unwrought
           wooll
           alone
           shall
           in
           stead
           of
           it
           be
           Exported
           ,
           and
           consequently
           to
           pretend
           that
           by
           such
           a
           Law
           as
           is
           desired
           ,
           his
           Majesties
           Customes
           would
           be
           advanced
           ,
           is
           either
           greatly
           to
           betray
           ignorance
           ,
           or
           greatly
           to
           betray
           the
           Revenue
           of
           the
           Customes
           it self
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           thing
           Alledged
           by
           my
           Opponent
           is
           ,
           
             That
             the
             cause
             of
             the
             decay
             of
             our
             Clothing
             doth
             not
             lye
             in
             the
             Exportation
             of
             our
             wooll
             ,
             but
             on
             the
             contrary
             ,
          
           (
           viz.
           )
           
             because
             our
             wooll
             is
             no
             more
             freely
             Exported
             than
             it
             is
             ,
          
           And
           that
           we
           may
           be
           sure
           not
           to
           mistake
           his
           sense
           ,
           herein
           he
           further
           Adds
           ,
           
             That
             in
             as
             much
             as
             the
             decay
             and
             fall
             of
             our
             Manufacture
             comes
             properly
             from
             the
             prohibition
             of
             our
             wool
             ,
             the
             stopping
             or
             hindring
             therefore
             of
             our
             wooll
             to
             go
             out
             ,
             is
             but
             the
             applying
             to
             our
             Disease
             a
             wrong
             Remedy
             .
          
        
         
           Which
           Argument
           if
           it
           had
           been
           brought
           by
           a
           stranger
           we
           should
           immediately
           have
           turned
           it
           into
           merriment
           ,
           as
           supposing
           he
           did
           intend
           by
           it
           to
           drole
           and
           make
           sport
           with
           us
           ,
           or
           supposing
           that
           he
           thought
           us
           such
           meer
           Children
           ,
           as
           that
           any
           thing
           would
           easily
           chouse
           us
           ,
           but
           being
           brought
           by
           a
           Gentleman
           ,
           and
           an
           English
           man
           ,
           I
           confess
           I
           could
           not
           possibly
           think
           what
           might
           be
           the
           meaning
           of
           it
           ,
           unless
           it
           were
           that
           my
           Opponent
           was
           resolved
           to
           the
           cross
           Proverb
           for
           a
           while
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           peice
           of
           wit
           to
           make
           it
           appear
           that
           it
           is
           not
           alwayes
           true
           ,
           
             that
             Interest
             cannot
             lye
          
           ;
           for
           that
           nothing
           can
           be
           more
           contrary
           to
           truth
           than
           what
           is
           here
           alledged
           ,
           or
           more
           against
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           of
           an
           English
           man
           than
           what
           is
           here
           asserted
           ,
           (
           if
           that
           be
           the
           very
           interest
           of
           my
           Opponent
           )
           is
           most
           clear
           .
        
         
           For
           if
           it
           be
           true
           which
           my
           Opponent
           sayeth
           ,
           that
           the
           decay
           of
           our
           
             Cloathing
             Trade
          
           is
           not
           from
           our
           Exportation
           of
           Wooll
           ,
           but
           rather
           the
           contrary
           ,
           because
           no
           more
           of
           our
           wool
           is
           carried
           out
           raw
           ,
           and
           
           unmanufactured
           ,
           it
           must
           follow
           then
           ,
           that
           by
           how
           much
           the
           more
           our
           wool
           is
           thus
           exported
           ,
           by
           so
           much
           the
           more
           our
           manufacture
           will
           not
           only
           be
           preserved
           but
           encouraged
           ,
           and
           the
           reason
           for
           this
           must
           needs
           be
           ,
           that
           if
           we
           are
           once
           rid
           of
           our
           wool
           ,
           and
           have
           got
           a
           good
           price
           for
           it
           ,
           we
           need
           not
           trouble
           our
           heads
           so
           far
           as
           to
           imagine
           that
           they
           who
           buy
           it
           will
           do
           any
           thing
           with
           it
           ,
           but
           only
           will
           lay
           it
           up
           to
           look
           upon
           it
           .
        
         
           For
           if
           we
           shall
           seriously
           believe
           that
           they
           will
           have
           so
           much
           wit
           as
           to
           make
           use
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           use
           of
           it
           as
           becomes
           Rational
           persons
           in
           order
           to
           the
           increase
           of
           their
           own
           Cloathing
           by
           it
           ,
           we
           cannot
           be
           so
           sottish
           as
           to
           think
           that
           they
           do
           then
           intend
           after
           this
           to
           buy
           our
           manufacture
           any
           more
           ,
           but
           do
           on
           the
           contrary
           design
           to
           prevent
           ,
           and
           shut
           out
           the
           Importation
           of
           it
           ,
           as
           a
           thing
           not
           expedient
           for
           them
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           this
           ,
           and
           no
           other
           be
           really
           the
           intent
           of
           buying
           up
           our
           wooll
           by
           our
           Neighbours
           ,
           then
           must
           it
           not
           necessarily
           follow
           that
           by
           how
           much
           the
           more
           wool
           they
           have
           ,
           by
           so
           much
           the
           more
           Manufacture
           they
           will
           make
           for
           the
           furnishing
           themselves
           ,
           and
           furnishing
           their
           Neighbours
           ,
           by
           so
           much
           the
           less
           place
           ,
           or
           possibility
           there
           will
           be
           that
           we
           should
           be
           able
           to
           furnish
           them
           ,
           and
           by
           so
           much
           the
           greater
           stop
           must
           of
           necessity
           be
           put
           to
           the
           vending
           our
           Cloathes
           and
           is
           it
           not
           plain
           that
           by
           how
           much
           the
           less
           we
           vend
           our
           manufacture
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           increase
           of
           it
           abroad
           in
           other
           places
           ,
           by
           so
           much
           the
           more
           our
           manufacture
           must
           decay
           :
           not
           only
           in
           point
           of
           the
           price
           ,
           but
           in
           point
           of
           its
           necessity
           and
           use
           ?
        
         
           And
           is
           it
           not
           then
           as
           manifest
           that
           by
           how
           much
           our
           manufacture
           decayes
           ,
           our
           Trade
           must
           decay
           ,
           and
           our
           Wealth
           must
           decay
           ,
           and
           the
           Strength
           of
           our
           Shipping
           must
           decay
           ,
           and
           we
           our selves
           must
           be
           the
           more
           made
           a
           scorn
           ,
           a
           prey
           ,
           and
           a
           laughing-stock
           by
           it
           to
           our
           Neighbours
           .
        
         
           And
           if
           all
           this
           be
           not
           for
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           but
           the
           contrary
           wholly
           ,
           is
           it
           not
           plain
           that
           my
           Opponent
           seeing
           he
           is
           an
           Englishman
           ,
           and
           seeing
           it
           is
           for
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           that
           he
           writes
           ,
           doth
           cross
           the
           proverb
           ,
           and
           give
           us
           a
           demonstration
           by
           his
           thus
           arguing
           ,
           that
           Interest
           may
           now
           and
           then
           lye
           ,
           though
           not
           alwayes
           ?
        
         
           But
           in
           the
           next
           place
           to
           try
           whether
           my
           Opponent
           be
           in
           earnest
           or
           not
           ,
           let
           me
           humbly
           beg
           of
           him
           ,
           to
           tell
           me
           truly
           ,
           why
           those
           naughty
           men
           that
           usurped
           the
           Government
           in
           the
           year
           ,
           1647.
           did
           upon
           such
           penalties
           strictly
           prohibit
           the
           Exportation
           of
           our
           woolls
           if
           he
           saith
           ,
           it
           was
           because
           they
           were
           only
           not
           Rebells
           ,
           but
           Men
           of
           no
           Reason
           ,
           and
           understood
           not
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           ;
           wil
           he
           not
           by
           this
           brand
           
           many
           of
           the
           Parliament
           also
           that
           now
           sits
           ?
           who
           though
           they
           did
           not
           confirm
           the
           Rebels
           Law
           ,
           did
           think
           fit
           at
           least
           to
           make
           a
           new
           Law
           to
           the
           same
           purpose
           ,
           even
           soon
           after
           his
           Majesties
           most
           Happy
           Restauration
           .
        
         
           Granting
           then
           that
           the
           Laws
           now
           in
           force
           of
           the
           12.
           and
           14.
           of
           His
           Majesties
           Reign
           ,
           were
           not
           made
           by
           other
           than
           by
           the
           wisest
           and
           most
           Loyal
           Persons
           of
           this
           Nation
           ,
           the
           said
           Persons
           must
           consequently
           have
           some
           grounds
           or
           other
           for
           making
           the
           said
           Laws
           ,
           and
           if
           we
           may
           guess
           at
           their
           grounds
           by
           their
           own
           words
           in
           the
           preambles
           of
           the
           said
           Laws
           ,
           they
           appear
           mainly
           to
           be
           these
           three
           following
           .
           viz.
           
        
         
           
             1.
             
             
               For
               the
               setting
               on
               work
               the
               Inhabitants
               of
               this
               Realm
               .
            
          
           
             2.
             
             
               For
               the
               improving
               the
               Native
               Commodities
               of
               this
               Countrey
               to
               its
               best
               ,
               fullest
               ,
               and
               utmost
               use
               .
            
          
           
             3.
             
             
               And
               that
               the
               Advantage
               accruing
               hereby
               might
               redound
               to
               the
               Subjects
               of
               this
               Kingdom
               and
               not
               to
               the
               Subjects
               of
               Forreign
               Realms
               ,
               as
               hitherto
               ,
               and
               as
               it
               would
               and
               must
               otherwise
               do
               .
            
          
        
         
           Wherefore
           either
           these
           their
           grounds
           when
           the
           said
           Laws
           were
           made
           ,
           were
           either
           good
           and
           sufficient
           motives
           for
           the
           prohibiting
           our
           wooll
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           laying
           so
           great
           a
           penalty
           upon
           such
           as
           should
           export
           it
           ,
           or
           they
           were
           not
           :
           if
           my
           Opponent
           shall
           say
           they
           were
           not
           good
           and
           sufficient
           grounds
           ,
           then
           he
           must
           say
           that
           the
           Wisdom
           of
           those
           Honourable
           and
           Loyal
           Persons
           ,
           who
           at
           that
           time
           served
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           were
           indeed
           not
           much
           better
           than
           that
           of
           the
           usurpers
           of
           the
           Government
           in
           the
           year
           1647.
           
        
         
           But
           if
           the
           said
           grounds
           were
           good
           ,
           valid
           ,
           and
           sufficient
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           did
           both
           regard
           and
           comprehend
           the
           true
           and
           sincere
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           then
           my
           Opponent
           must
           confess
           the
           said
           Laws
           ought
           to
           stand
           ,
           or
           he
           must
           shew
           wherein
           the
           case
           is
           altered
           now
           ,
           from
           what
           it
           was
           then
           ,
           with
           reference
           to
           the
           said
           motives
           or
           grounds
           that
           the
           said
           Parliament
           then
           went
           upon
           in
           making
           the
           said
           Laws
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           If
           my
           Opponent
           can
           make
           it
           appear
           by
           Letters
           that
           he
           hath
           lately
           received
           ,
           that
           the
           Hollanders
           hath
           laid
           down
           the
           
             Woollen
             manufacture
          
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           in
           France
           are
           altogether
           grow
           sick
           and
           weary
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           hath
           wholly
           forbidden
           it
           ,
           and
           hath
           released
           all
           the
           Impositions
           that
           he
           hath
           of
           late
           years
           put
           upon
           it
           ,
           then
           I
           must
           
           needs
           confess
           the
           case
           is
           altered
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           said
           Laws
           ought
           justly
           to
           be
           repealed
           ;
           or
           ,
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           If
           my
           Opponent
           hath
           received
           information
           from
           sure
           and
           good
           hands
           ,
           that
           the
           Hollanders
           make
           use
           of
           no
           other
           wool
           than
           that
           of
           their
           own
           growth
           ,
           though
           they
           breed
           no
           Sheep
           ;
           and
           that
           he
           hath
           also
           received
           information
           from
           good
           and
           sure
           hands
           ,
           that
           the
           French
           make
           use
           only
           of
           their
           own
           wool
           in
           all
           their
           Manufacture
           ;
           or
           ,
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           If
           my
           Opponent
           can
           make
           it
           appear
           that
           the
           setting
           on
           work
           the
           Inhabitants
           of
           this
           Realm
           is
           not
           now
           a
           thing
           so
           convenient
           or
           fit
           as
           it
           was
           when
           the
           said
           Acts
           were
           made
           ;
           or
           ,
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           if
           the
           improving
           the
           Native
           Commodities
           of
           this
           Countrey
           to
           its
           best
           ,
           and
           utmost
           use
           be
           found
           by
           experience
           to
           be
           no
           good
           Policy
           but
           to
           bring
           many
           inconveniences
           with
           it
           ;
           or
        
         
           Fifthly
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           much
           more
           adviseable
           that
           Forreigners
           should
           go
           away
           with
           the
           gain
           of
           our
           Manufactures
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           sweet
           of
           our
           Trade
           ,
           rather
           than
           that
           his
           Majesties
           Subjects
           should
           have
           it
           ,
           in
           all
           these
           cases
           I
           must
           confess
           it
           must
           inevitably
           be
           for
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           to
           repeal
           the
           said
           Acts
           and
           lay
           them
           aside
           .
        
         
           But
           on
           the
           other
           hand
           if
           none
           of
           all
           these
           five
           cases
           can
           possibly
           be
           put
           ,
           and
           that
           those
           very
           reasons
           and
           grounds
           do
           still
           remain
           ,
           and
           are
           the
           same
           now
           which
           they
           were
           when
           the
           said
           Acts
           were
           made
           .
        
         
           Then
           my
           Opponents
           motion
           to
           repeal
           the
           said
           Laws
           ,
           must
           be
           against
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           or
           Interest
           doth
           not
           alwayes
           speak
           true
           ;
           which
           was
           the
           Paradox
           intended
           to
           be
           argued
           by
           my
           Opponent
           .
        
         
           As
           it
           is
           clear
           then
           by
           both
           these
           Arguments
           ,
           that
           my
           Opponent
           hath
           wholly
           mistaken
           himself
           in
           the
           cause
           of
           our
           Manufactures
           decay
           ,
           so
           to
           evidence
           yet
           farther
           the
           manifestness
           and
           palpableness
           of
           this
           mistake
           ,
           we
           affirm
           that
           it
           is
           matter
           of
           Fact
           that
           our
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           did
           greatly
           increase
           after
           the
           said
           Prohibition
           of
           wool
           in
           the
           year
           1647.
           
           For
           at
           least
           16
           or
           18
           years
           together
           ,
           and
           not
           only
           increased
           but
           bore
           a
           good
           price
           ,
           and
           that
           I
           may
           not
           be
           found
           like
           some
           others
           ,
           who
           regard
           not
           the
           credit
           of
           what
           they
           affirm
           ,
           (
           and
           particularly
           like
           him
           who
           hath
           contracted
           the
           Arguments
           of
           my
           Opponent
           ,
           and
           hath
           published
           them
           together
           in
           one
           sheet
           of
           paper
           )
           I
           shall
           to
           justifie
           what
           I
           say
           ,
           appeal
           for
           the
           truth
           of
           it
           not
           only
           to
           the
           Customhouse-Books
           ,
           
           and
           to
           the
           quantity
           of
           the
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           there
           entred
           ,
           but
           to
           the
           Gentry
           themselves
           :
           and
           to
           the
           price
           that
           Land
           bore
           ,
           and
           Victualls
           bore
           for
           many
           years
           together
           after
           the
           said
           prohibition
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           plenty
           of
           Money
           that
           was
           then
           in
           the
           Land.
           
        
         
           Yea
           as
           our
           Manufacture
           did
           increase
           for
           many
           years
           together
           ,
           after
           the
           said
           prohibition
           of
           the
           Exportation
           of
           wool
           ,
           so
           it
           had
           to
           this
           day
           still
           increased
           ,
           had
           not
           those
           Accidents
           happened
           that
           laid
           so
           effectual
           a
           foundation
           for
           the
           ruine
           of
           it
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           neither
           in
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Clothier
           nor
           in
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Grower
           to
           prevent
           ,
           I
           mean
           those
           new
           and
           immoderate
           Taxes
           which
           were
           laid
           upon
           our
           Manufacture
           by
           the
           
             French
             King
          
           ,
           on
           purpose
           to
           encourage
           his
           own
           workmen
           to
           gain
           the
           said
           Manufacture
           from
           us
           ;
           and
           on
           purpose
           to
           prevent
           our
           
             Clothes
             and
             Stuffs
          
           from
           being
           brought
           into
           his
           Countrey
           ,
           although
           we
           yearly
           take
           of
           his
           Commodities
           to
           the
           value
           of
           above
           a
           Million
           of
           Pounds
           ,
           sterling
           ;
           and
           I
           mean
           in
           the
           second
           place
           ,
           the
           making
           of
           that
           unfortunate
           Act
           against
           the
           Importation
           of
           Irish
           Cattle
           ,
           which
           hath
           not
           only
           tended
           to
           the
           Ruine
           of
           the
           Grower
           ,
           but
           to
           the
           Ruine
           of
           the
           Clothier
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Ruine
           of
           very
           Trade
           of
           England
           it self
           ;
           and
           which
           if
           it
           should
           continue
           to
           stand
           unrepealed
           ,
           must
           necessarily
           and
           inevitably
           Ruine
           more
           and
           more
           both
           the
           
             Gentry
             ,
             Merchant
          
           ,
           and
           Clothier
           every
           day
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           as
           a
           further
           proof
           to
           what
           I
           say
           I
           shall
           give
           one
           instance
           in
           stead
           of
           many
           and
           leave
           the
           truth
           of
           it
           to
           be
           strictly
           examined
           and
           judged
           accordingly
           ;
           which
           is
           ,
           that
           since
           the
           said
           Accidents
           have
           befallen
           us
           ,
           (
           I
           mean
           of
           the
           
             French
             Kings
          
           Arbitrary
           impositions
           upon
           us
           ,
           and
           that
           Act
           against
           the
           Importation
           of
           Irish
           Cattle
           )
           Exeter
           alone
           ,
           hath
           lost
           of
           what
           it
           did
           formerly
           vend
           ,
           near
           if
           not
           above
           three
           hundred
           thousand
           pounds
           sterling
           ,
           every
           year
           :
           and
           if
           we
           shall
           reckon
           proportionably
           from
           all
           other
           
             Counties
             and
             Cities
          
           ,
           we
           shall
           then
           easily
           see
           there
           is
           a
           just
           ground
           for
           the
           decay
           of
           our
           woollen
           manufacture
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           fall
           of
           the
           price
           of
           our
           wooll
           by
           it
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           fall
           and
           ruine
           of
           our
           Rents
           ,
           not
           as
           my
           Opponent
           alleadgeth
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           prohibition
           of
           transporting
           our
           wool
           ,
           but
           truly
           and
           really
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           multiplication
           and
           increase
           of
           our
           wool
           ,
           to
           that
           degree
           ,
           that
           the
           Exportatition
           of
           it
           hath
           almost
           been
           necessary
           .
        
         
           The
           serious
           consideration
           of
           which
           true
           and
           real
           cause
           of
           the
           decay
           of
           our
           manufacture
           ,
           I
           shall
           humbly
           leave
           to
           the
           Wisdom
           of
           the
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           And
           shall
           likewise
           leave
           it
           to
           their
           Wisdom
           to
           be
           considered
           ,
           whether
           in
           this
           conjuncture
           of
           affairs
           ,
           and
           according
           to
           the
           circumstances
           
           which
           now
           attend
           us
           ,
           while
           our
           Neighbours
           do
           not
           only
           emulate
           us
           ,
           but
           are
           become
           actual
           Rivals
           with
           us
           not
           only
           for
           Clothing
           but
           for
           our
           Trade
           it self
           ;
           and
           for
           our
           Strength
           and
           Dominion
           at
           Sea
           ,
           we
           shall
           or
           ought
           so
           far
           to
           contribute
           towards
           the
           design
           ,
           and
           towards
           the
           certainty
           and
           effectualness
           of
           our
           own
           Ruine
           ,
           as
           either
           to
           repeal
           our
           Acts
           that
           prohibit
           the
           exportation
           of
           wool
           ,
           or
           to
           let
           that
           unfortunate
           Act
           stand
           ,
           which
           makes
           the
           transporting
           of
           wool
           absolutely
           necessary
           ,
           whether
           we
           will
           or
           no
           ,
           and
           by
           this
           means
           makes
           our
           Neighbours
           scorn-the
           Commerse
           and
           Trade
           that
           they
           formerly
           had
           with
           us
           ,
           and
           thanked
           us
           for●
           .
        
         
           And
           whereas
           my
           Opponent
           doth
           lay
           a
           great
           stress
           upon
           the
           false
           making
           of
           our
           Manufacture
           ,
           as
           one
           main
           cause
           of
           the
           decay
           of
           it
           ;
           I
           cannot
           but
           confess
           there
           hath
           been
           too
           much
           ,
           and
           too
           great
           cause
           for
           this
           complaint
           ,
           formerly
           ,
           while
           those
           good
           Lawes
           for
           the
           sealing
           of
           Clothes
           in
           the
           water
           ,
           and
           for
           acertaining
           the
           length
           of
           them
           ,
           were
           wholly
           eluded
           through
           the
           negligence
           and
           corruption
           of
           the
           Auluager
           ,
           but
           though
           this
           abuse
           hath
           not
           to
           this
           day
           been
           redressed
           ,
           yet
           there
           hath
           been
           so
           great
           an
           alteration
           in
           the
           making
           of
           our
           Cloth
           within
           this
           thirty
           years
           ,
           I
           say
           again
           within
           this
           thirty
           years
           ,
           even
           since
           that
           naughty
           Act
           that
           commenced
           in
           the
           year
           1647
           ;
           that
           neither
           Dutch
           nor
           French
           do
           come
           near
           us
           ,
           either
           for
           the
           Accurateness
           and
           Goodness
           of
           our
           Workmanship
           ,
           or
           for
           the
           honesty
           ,
           and
           Integrity
           that
           is
           used
           in
           making
           both
           of
           Clothes
           ,
           Stuffs
           ,
           and
           Bays
           .
        
         
           And
           that
           I
           may
           here
           also
           vindicate
           the
           Credit
           of
           what
           I
           say
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           may
           be
           clear
           ,
           I
           speak
           nothing
           but
           Truth
           ,
           I
           shall
           appeal
           to
           the
           most
           considerable
           Dealers
           in
           all
           London
           ,
           either
           as
           
             Merchants
             ,
             Drapers
          
           ,
           or
           Mercers
           ,
           whether
           there
           be
           not
           many
           Clothiers
           ,
           many
           Stuff
           and
           Bay-makers
           ,
           who
           though
           they
           be
           under
           no
           Check
           at
           all
           at
           present
           ,
           do
           nevertheless
           so
           value
           their
           Name
           ,
           their
           Word
           ,
           and
           their
           Repute
           ,
           that
           they
           dare
           adventure
           all
           the
           Commodity
           they
           make
           ,
           to
           be
           forfeited
           ,
           if
           it
           do
           not
           prove
           in
           every
           respect
           as
           Long
           ,
           as
           Broad
           ,
           and
           as
           truly
           made
           ,
           and
           as
           well
           qualified
           ,
           as
           they
           sell
           it
           for
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           thing
           so
           well
           known
           as
           though
           none
           will
           now
           trust
           to
           the
           Seal
           of
           the
           Aulnager
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           Common
           Stamps
           in
           use
           formerly
           ;
           yet
           there
           are
           many
           both
           
             Drapers
             ,
             Mercers
          
           ,
           and
           Merchants
           ,
           who
           will
           trust
           to
           the
           private
           mark
           of
           divers
           Clothiers
           with
           less
           scruple
           than
           they
           will
           trust
           to
           the
           stamp
           of
           some
           Coyn.
           
        
         
           Yea
           I
           should
           much
           wrong
           the
           generallity
           of
           the
           Cloathiers
           of
           England
           if
           I
           should
           not
           upon
           this
           occasion
           prosessedly
           declare
           (
           and
           whoever
           
           denyeth
           it
           will
           greatly
           injure
           them
           )
           that
           such
           is
           the
           sense
           which
           they
           themselves
           have
           had
           for
           divers
           years
           ,
           how
           much
           it
           is
           for
           their
           Interrest
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Name
           ,
           and
           Honour
           of
           the
           
             English
             Nation
          
           it self
           ,
           To
           keep
           up
           an
           exact
           goodness
           in
           all
           the
           
             Woollen
             Manufacture
          
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           for
           many
           years
           ,
           not
           onely
           sollicited
           the
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           be
           Incorporated
           in
           each
           County
           ,
           And
           that
           none
           might
           be
           admitted
           to
           take
           upon
           them
           the
           making
           of
           Cloath
           and
           all
           other
           woollen
           Manufactures
           ,
           but
           such
           only
           as
           serving
           a
           due
           number
           of
           years
           to
           learn
           the
           profession
           of
           it
           ,
           might
           be
           sufficiently
           versed
           and
           skilled
           in
           it
           ;
           But
           they
           have
           for
           many
           years
           desired
           also
           that
           all
           and
           every
           the
           sorts
           of
           woollen
           Manufacture
           ,
           might
           be
           brought
           to
           such
           a
           certainty
           of
           Regulation
           for
           the
           length
           and
           breadth
           of
           each
           Manufacture
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           true
           making
           of
           it
           ;
           that
           it
           may
           not
           be
           in
           the
           power
           of
           any
           unskilfull
           person
           to
           falsifie
           it
           ,
           But
           that
           by
           marks
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           as
           is
           used
           in
           the
           Colchester
           Bayes
           ,
           all
           manner
           of
           cheats
           and
           defects
           should
           be
           openly
           signified
           ;
           which
           proposals
           ,
           if
           they
           might
           be
           hearkned
           unto
           ,
           might
           soon
           be
           effected
           ;
           and
           made
           practical
           through
           a
           standing
           Councel
           ,
           established
           to
           no
           other
           end
           than
           for
           the
           Cloathing-Trade
           ,
           with
           power
           only
           to
           receive
           such
           proposals
           as
           are
           to
           be
           made
           by
           the
           Clothiers
           ,
           and
           their
           respective
           Factors
           here
           relating
           to
           each
           County
           ;
           and
           to
           prepare
           the
           said
           Proposals
           into
           distinct
           Acts
           against
           the
           Parliament
           shall
           be
           next
           convened
           ;
           than
           which
           I
           humbly
           conceive
           there
           is
           scarse
           any
           thing
           can
           be
           instanced
           that
           might
           ,
           or
           would
           tend
           more
           to
           the
           General
           good
           and
           advantage
           of
           this
           Nation
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           promoting
           and
           recovering
           of
           our
           Manufacture
           again
           ,
           and
           consequently
           for
           the
           consumption
           and
           advancing
           the
           price
           of
           our
           Wool
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           thing
           mainly
           my
           Opponent
           seems
           to
           drive
           at
           ,
           and
           in
           that
           we
           shall
           agree
           .
        
         
           But
           here
           my
           Opponent
           may
           perhaps
           say
           ,
           that
           after
           all
           I
           cannot
           deny
           but
           there
           is
           a
           surplus
           of
           wool
           which
           cannot
           be
           wrought
           up
           by
           the
           Clothiers
           ,
           and
           that
           I
           offer
           '
           not
           one
           word
           how
           it
           should
           for
           the
           future
           be
           disposed
           of
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           First
           that
           it
           appeareth
           not
           by
           any
           thing
           which
           my
           Opponent
           hath
           hitherto
           said
           ,
           at
           least
           not
           by
           any
           thing
           that
           he
           hath
           hitherto
           proved
           ,
           That
           the
           Clothier
           either
           cannot
           or
           doth
           not
           work
           up
           the
           wool
           of
           the
           proper
           growth
           of
           England
           to
           the
           full
           of
           it
           ,
           but
           if
           a
           far
           greater
           quantity
           of
           wool
           be
           brought
           into
           England
           from
           Ireland
           then
           ever
           before
           was
           brought
           untill
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           as
           the
           Clothier
           cannot
           be
           responsible
           for
           his
           not
           buying
           up
           all
           the
           wool
           which
           is
           sent
           into
           England
           ,
           so
           neither
           can
           he
           or
           ought
           he
           to
           be
           responsible
           for
           the
           glut
           
           proceeding
           from
           the
           importation
           of
           it
           ,
           or
           for
           the
           cheapness
           of
           the
           said
           wool
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           said
           glut
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           If
           the
           proper
           and
           only
           way
           for
           removing
           all
           evil
           effects
           ,
           be
           to
           remove
           their
           respective
           causes
           ,
           and
           that
           this
           is
           and
           must
           be
           acknowledged
           by
           all
           rational
           Persons
           ,
           then
           considering
           what
           we
           have
           said
           before
           ,
           and
           not
           only
           said
           but
           proved
           and
           made
           it
           to
           appear
           ,
           viz.
           That
           the
           cause
           of
           that
           surplus
           of
           wool
           ,
           (
           with
           the
           cheapness
           of
           it
           at
           present
           )
           among
           us
           is
           partly
           from
           the
           Irish
           Act
           that
           prohibiteth
           the
           bringing
           in
           of
           Live
           Cattle
           ,
           and
           puts
           that
           Kingdom
           upon
           the
           breeding
           of
           wool
           whether
           they
           will
           or
           no
           ,
           and
           partly
           by
           the
           decay
           of
           our
           manufacture
           through
           the
           supply
           that
           we
           our
           Selves
           do
           make
           to
           our
           Neighbours
           of
           our
           own
           wool
           ,
           for
           the
           promoting
           of
           their
           Manufacture
           to
           the
           ruine
           of
           our
           Selves
           .
        
         
           The
           proper
           remedy
           then
           for
           the
           removing
           the
           cheapness
           of
           our
           wool
           on
           the
           one
           hand
           ,
           and
           for
           employing
           our
           Poor
           ,
           and
           recovering
           our
           Trade
           on
           the
           other
           hand
           ,
           must
           necessarily
           be
           the
           stopping
           the
           excessive
           Growth
           of
           it
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           as
           strictly
           stopping
           ,
           and
           restreining
           the
           export
           of
           it
           from
           Ireland
           ,
           and
           from
           hence
           .
        
         
           And
           here
           I
           must
           take
           the
           boldness
           to
           say
           again
           what
           I
           have
           in
           part
           said
           already
           in
           my
           second
           Argument
           ,
           
             (
             viz.
             )
             That
             where
             a
             Nation
             is
             not
             rich
             in
             Mines
             of
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             capable
             to
             be
             inriched
             by
             any
             other
             way
             then
             by
             its
             Manufactures
             .
          
        
         
           And
           consequently
           if
           it
           be
           from
           our
           Manufactures
           alone
           that
           the
           Riches
           of
           this
           Nation
           comes
           ;
           and
           if
           it
           be
           from
           our
           Manufacture
           chiefly
           that
           our
           Shipping
           is
           employed
           ,
           and
           our
           Marriners
           bred
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           from
           our
           Trading
           alone
           ,
           and
           from
           the
           riches
           ,
           which
           our
           Trading
           brings
           in
           ,
           that
           His
           Majesties
           Customs
           are
           raised
           ,
           and
           that
           our
           Fleet
           have
           been
           hitherto
           Built
           and
           Maintain'd
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Dominion
             of
             the
             Seas
          
           hath
           been
           preserved
           ,
           than
           it
           is
           must
           be
           from
           our
           Manufacture
           only
           that
           our
           Bullion
           hath
           been
           brought
           in
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Rents
           of
           our
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentry
          
           doth
           depend
           and
           are
           sustained
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           if
           it
           must
           be
           granted
           me
           that
           there
           is
           no
           higher
           Interest
           in
           the
           Nation
           ,
           then
           that
           which
           preserves
           his
           
             Majesties
             Customs
          
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           sustains
           the
           
             Nobility
             and
             Gentries
             Rents
          
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           supports
           our
           
             Navy
             and
             Shipping
          
           .
        
         
           Then
           in
           regard
           
             our
             manufacture
          
           alone
           doth
           do
           all
           this
           ,
           
             our
             manufacture
             alone
          
           ,
           and
           the
           encouragement
           of
           it
           must
           necessarily
           be
           the
           greater
           
             Interest
             of
             the
             Nation
          
           ,
           it self
           ;
           and
           I
           must
           crave
           leave
           to
           say
           that
           whoever
           placeth
           it
           in
           any
           thing
           else
           (
           as
           the
           circumstances
           of
           this
           Nation
           stands
           at
           present
           )
           must
           either
           mistake
           the
           
             Interest
             of
             this
             Nation
          
           ,
           or
           can
           be
           no
           Friend
           to
           England
           .
        
         
         
           Wherefore
           if
           it
           be
           granted
           by
           the
           wisest
           of
           Lawyers
           ,
           that
           a
           mischief
           is
           better
           then
           an
           inconvenience
           ,
           some
           private
           men
           ought
           to
           suffer
           rather
           then
           the
           whole
           Nation
           .
           Which
           I
           humbly
           conceive
           is
           a
           solid
           ,
           and
           a
           sufficient
           answer
           to
           my
           Opponent
           as
           to
           this
           part
           of
           his
           objection
           .
        
         
           Supposing
           also
           that
           
             our
             Manufacture
          
           and
           the
           encouraging
           of
           it
           ,
           is
           the
           main
           and
           chief
           ,
           if
           not
           the
           sole
           and
           only
           
             Interest
             of
             this
             Nation
          
           ,
           then
           as
           no
           Interest
           besides
           can
           ,
           or
           ought
           in
           reason
           to
           stand
           in
           competition
           with
           it
           ,
           so
           much
           less
           the
           
             Irish
             Act
          
           ,
           without
           the
           repealing
           of
           which
           nevertheless
           it
           is
           simply
           impossible
           ,
           that
           either
           
             our
             Manufacture
          
           ,
           or
           that
           the
           
             Trade
             or
             Navigation
          
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           should
           be
           preserved
           .
        
         
           For
           if
           there
           be
           no
           reason
           to
           make
           a
           Law
           that
           they
           must
           strave
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           reason
           to
           forbid
           their
           breeding
           of
           Sheep
           ,
           if
           we
           will
           not
           let
           them
           employ
           their
           Lands
           in
           the
           breeding
           of
           
             Live
             Cattle
          
           .
           Admitting
           also
           that
           the
           
             Pasture
             Lands
          
           of
           Ireland
           are
           proportionable
           to
           the
           bigness
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           far
           larger
           then
           the
           
             Pasture
             Lands
          
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           and
           must
           necessarily
           be
           ,
           partly
           through
           the
           smallness
           of
           their
           Tillage
           (
           their
           Corn
           being
           not
           capable
           to
           be
           exported
           )
           and
           partly
           through
           the
           thinnesse
           of
           their
           Inhabitants
           ,
           and
           it
           must
           necessarily
           follow
           ,
           that
           these
           being
           converted
           mostly
           to
           the
           feeding
           of
           Sheep
           must
           breed
           a
           vast
           quantity
           of
           wool
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           must
           equal
           if
           not
           exceed
           the
           quantity
           breed
           in
           England
           by
           our
           Selves
           .
        
         
           Wherefore
           it
           must
           needs
           be
           plain
           to
           every
           person
           ,
           that
           not
           only
           the
           breeding
           of
           wool
           ,
           but
           the
           disposing
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           the
           disposing
           of
           it
           to
           most
           advantage
           ,
           is
           now
           become
           the
           
             Interest
             of
             the
             Nobility
             ,
             Gentry
             ,
             Yeomandry
             ,
          
           and
           of
           all
           others
           whatever
           that
           have
           a
           concern
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           which
           if
           it
           were
           possible
           to
           prevent
           ,
           it
           ought
           to
           be
           allowed
           to
           none
           besides
           our selves
           ,
           whose
           whole
           proper
           and
           entire
           Interest
           it
           is
           to
           be
           sole
           Manufacturers
           or
           Workers
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           The
           
             Breeding
             ,
             Growing
             ,
             Disposing
          
           and
           Improving
           of
           wool
           being
           now
           by
           our selves
           made
           the
           entire
           
             Interest
             of
             Ireland
          
           who
           desired
           it
           not
           of
           us
           ,
           and
           would
           have
           been
           very
           well
           content
           without
           it
           ,
           if
           we
           cannot
           desire
           their
           Nobility
           or
           Gentry
           to
           burn
           their
           wool
           ,
           we
           cannot
           then
           deny
           them
           to
           take
           all
           such
           Lawful
           and
           just
           courses
           whereby
           they
           may
           improve
           their
           wool
           .
        
         
           Wherefore
           seeing
           these
           courses
           can
           be
           but
           two
           ways
           ,
           either
           to
           send
           it
           is
           where
           it
           most
           wanting
           ,
           and
           where
           it
           will
           yield
           the
           best
           price
           ,
           which
           is
           to
           
             our
             Neighbors
          
           to
           improve
           and
           increase
           their
           Manufacture
           ,
           or
           else
           to
           keep
           it
           themselves
           ,
           and
           manufacture
           it
           up
           in
           that
           Countrey
           .
        
         
           And
           seeing
           one
           of
           these
           courses
           are
           wholly
           ,
           inevitable
           and
           that
           both
           
           one
           ;
           and
           the
           other
           do
           not
           only
           tend
           ,
           but
           must
           and
           will
           certainly
           and
           effectually
           bring
           an
           utter
           destruction
           to
           the
           Trade
           ,
           Commerce
           ,
           Strength
           ,
           Shipping
           and
           Navigation
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           ;
           we
           have
           small
           reason
           to
           expect
           our
           Neighbours
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           or
           our
           Neighbours
           the
           French
           should
           help
           us
           ,
           or
           pity
           us
           ,
           when
           we
           do
           willfully
           contribute
           to
           the
           Ruin
           of
           our selves
           ,
           and
           may
           if
           we
           will
           either
           prevent
           it
           ,
           or
           easily
           Remedy
           it
           .
        
         
           And
           indeed
           if
           our
           All
           be
           at
           Stake
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           countinuance
           of
           that
           unfortunate
           Act
           ;
           and
           if
           this
           All
           ,
           I
           mean
           the
           very
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           it self
           ,
           will
           not
           move
           us
           to
           alter
           it
           ,
           I
           think
           it
           would
           be
           very
           Impertinent
           to
           insist
           upon
           Lesser
           Arguments
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           though
           it
           would
           be
           for
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Nation
           greatly
           ,
           to
           Arrest
           this
           occasion
           ,
           I
           mean
           the
           Cheapness
           of
           the
           Wooll
           ,
           to
           beat
           out
           our
           Neighbours
           in
           the
           Forreign
           Trade
           of
           our
           Manufactures
           ,
           by
           under-selling
           them
           at
           least
           abroad
           .
        
         
           And
           though
           this
           might
           now
           more
           easily
           be
           done
           then
           ever
           ,
           seeing
           our
           Manufacture
           is
           Improved
           of
           late
           years
           in
           the
           Goodness
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           might
           soon
           as
           we
           said
           before
           be
           brought
           to
           an
           Absolute
           perfection
           .
        
         
           And
           though
           it
           be
           but
           Equal
           and
           Just
           to
           forbid
           the
           Commodities
           of
           those
           Countreys
           that
           are
           near
           us
           ,
           who
           refuse
           to
           deal
           with
           us
           for
           our
           Commodities
           or
           by
           Exorbitant
           and
           Arbitrary
           Imposition
           laid
           upon
           them
           do
           in
           effect
           prohibit
           them
           ;
           and
           though
           the
           doing
           of
           this
           ,
           is
           but
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Rules
           of
           Justice
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           Nations
           ,
           and
           Law
           of
           Commerce
           .
        
         
           Though
           also
           it
           cannot
           be
           denied
           that
           it
           must
           be
           greatly
           consistant
           with
           the
           Publick
           Good
           of
           the
           Nation
           to
           make
           Sumptuary
           Lawes
           ,
           and
           to
           restrain
           the
           Excess
           that
           is
           at
           present
           among
           us
           ;
           yet
           I
           must
           humbly
           crave
           Leave
           to
           say
           that
           this
           is
           but
           like
           the
           taking
           much
           pains
           to
           stop
           the
           Leaks
           of
           a
           Barrel
           and
           let
           the
           Liquor
           run
           out
           at
           the
           Bung
           :
           For
           these
           are
           all
           Petty
           things
           to
           the
           Main
           Concern
           of
           the
           Nation
           ,
           which
           must
           be
           Ruined
           ,
           and
           Ruined
           as
           I
           humbly
           conceive
           irrecoverably
           ,
           if
           the
           Irish
           Acts
           doth
           stand
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
  

