item: #1 of 5
          id: 11289
      author: Wells, H. G. (Herbert George)
       title: What is Coming? A Forecast of Things after the War
        date: None
       words: 62654
      flesch: 60
     summary: In times of war peoples may hate abroad and with some unanimity. Every now and then through the austere bustle of London in war time drifts a last practitioner of the eternal feminine--with the air of a foreign visitor, with the air of devotion to some peculiar cult.
    keywords: affairs; allies; america; braintree; britain; british; business; case; century; class; country; day; education; empire; end; england; english; europe; european; example; france; french; future; germany; government; great; idea; lawyer; life; matter; men; mind; new; peace; people; power; present; press; public; question; russia; sort; spirit; state; system; things; time; united; war; way; women; work; world; world peace; years
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        item: #2 of 5
          id: 14
      author: United States. Central Intelligence Agency
       title: The 1990 CIA World Factbook
        date: None
       words: 273208
      flesch: -15
     summary: Nationality: noun--Malaysian(s); adjective--Malaysian Ethnic divisions: 59% Malay and other indigenous, 32% Chinese, 9% Indian Religion: Peninsular Malaysia--Malays nearly all Muslim, Chinese predominantly Buddhists, Indians predominantly Hindu; Sabah--38% Muslim, 17% Christian, 45% other; Sarawak--35% tribal religion, 24% Buddhist and Confucianist, 20% Muslim, 16% Christian, 5% other Language: Peninsular Malaysia--Malay (official); English, Chinese dialects, Tamil; Sabah--English, Malay, numerous tribal dialects, Mandarin and Hakka dialects predominate among Chinese; Sarawak--English, Malay, Mandarin, numerous tribal languages Literacy: 65.0% overall, age 20 and up; Peninsular Malaysia--80%; Sabah--60%; Sarawak--60% Labor force: 6,800,000; 30.8% agriculture, 17% manufacturing, 13.6% government, 5.8% construction, 4.3% finance, 3.4% business services, transport and communications, 0.6% mining, 24.5% other (1989 est.) Organized labor: 660,000, 10% of total labor force (1988) - Government Long-form name: none Type: Federation of Malaysia formed 9 July 1963; constitutional monarchy nominally headed by the paramount ruler (king) and a bicameral Parliament composed of a 58-member Senate and a 177-member House of Representatives; Peninsular Malaysian states--hereditary rulers in all but Penang and Melaka, where governors are appointed by Malaysian Government; powers of state governments are limited by federal Constitution; Sabah--self-governing state, holds 20 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government; Sarawak--self-governing state within Malaysia, holds 24 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government Capital: Kuala Lumpur Administrative divisions: 13 states (negeri-negeri, singular--negeri) and 2 federal territories* (wilayah-wilayah persekutuan, singular--wilayah persekutuan); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Labuan*, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Terengganu, Wilayah Persekutuan* Independence: 31 August 1957 (from UK) Constitution: 31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963 when Federation of Malaya became Federation of Malaysia Legal system: based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of the federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction National holiday: National Day, 31 August (1957) Executive branch: paramount ruler, deputy paramount ruler, prime minister, deputy prime minister, Cabinet Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament (Parlimen) consists of an upper house or Senate (Dewan Negara) and a lower house or House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat) Judicial branch: Supreme Court Leaders: Chief of State--Paramount Ruler AZLAN Muhibbuddin Shah ibni Sultan Yusof Izzudin (since 26 April 1989); Deputy Paramount Ruler JA'AFAR ibni Abdul Rahman (since 26 April 1989); Head of Government--Prime Minister Dr. MAHATHIR bin Mohamad (since 16 July 1981); Deputy Prime Minister Abdul GHAFAR Baba (since 7 May 1986) Political parties and leaders: Peninsular Malaysia--National Front, a confederation of 14 political parties dominated by United Malays National Organization Baru (UMNO Baru), Mahathir bin Mohamad; Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), Ling Liong Sik; Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia, Datuk Lim Keng Yaik; Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), Datuk Samy Vellu; Sabah--Berjaya Party, Datuk Haji Mohamed Noor Mansoor; Bersatu Sabah (PBS), Joseph Pairin Kitingan; United Sabah National Organizaton (USNO), Tun Datuk Mustapha; Sarawak--coalition Sarawak National Front composed of the Party Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu (PBB), Datuk Patinggi Tan Sri Haji Abdul Taib Mahmud; Sarawak United People's Party (SUPP), Datuk Amar Stephen Yong Kuat Tze; Sarawak National Party (SNAP), Datuk James Wong; Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak (PBDS), Datuk Leo Moggie; major opposition parties are Democratic Action Party (DAP), Lim Kit Siang and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Fadzil Noor Suffrage: universal at age 21 Elections: ---------------------------------------------------- Country: Switzerland - Geography Total area: 41,290 km2; land area: 39,770 km2 Comparative area: slightly more than twice the size of New Jersey Land boundaries: 1,852 km total; Austria 164 km, France 573 km, Italy 740 km, Liechtenstein 41 km, FRG 334 km Coastline: none--landlocked Maritime claims: none--landlocked Climate: temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers Terrain: mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes Natural resources: hydropower potential, timber, salt Land use: 10% arable land; 1% permanent crops; 40% meadows and pastures; 26% forest and woodland; 23% other; includes 1% irrigated Environment: dominated by Alps Note: landlocked; crossroads of northern and southern Europe - People Population: 6,742,461 (July 1990), growth rate 0.6% (1990) Birth rate: 12 births/1,000 population (1990) Death rate: 9 deaths/1,000 population (1990) Net migration rate: 3 migrants/1,000 population (1990) Infant mortality rate: 5 deaths/1,000 live births (1990) Life expectancy at birth: 75 years male, 83 years female (1990) Total fertility rate: 1.6 children born/woman (1990) Nationality: noun--Swiss (sing. & pl.); adjective--Swiss Ethnic divisions: total population--65% German, 18% French, 10% Italian, 1% Romansch, 6% other; Swiss nationals--74% German, 20% French, 4% Italian, 1% Romansch, 1% other Religion: 49% Roman Catholic, 48% Protestant, 0.3% Jewish Language: total population--65% German, 18% French, 12% Italian, 1% Romansch, 4% other; Swiss nationals--74% German, 20% French, 4% Italian, 1% Romansch, 1% other Literacy: 99% Labor force: 3,220,000; 841,000 foreign workers, mostly Italian; 42% services, 39% industry and crafts, 11% government, 7% agriculture and forestry, 1% other (1988) Organized labor: 20% of labor force - Government Long-form name: Swiss Confederation Type: federal republic Capital: Bern Administrative divisions: 26 cantons (cantons, singular--canton in French; cantoni, singular--cantone in Italian; kantone, singular--kanton in German); Aargau, Ausser-Rhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Geneve, Glarus, Graubunden, Inner-Rhoden, Jura, Luzern, Neuchatel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Sankt Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri, Valais, Vaud, Zug, Zurich Independence: 1 August 1291 Constitution: 29 May 1874 Legal system: civil law system influenced by customary law; judicial review of legislative acts, except with respect to federal decrees of general obligatory character; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations National holiday: Anniversary of the Founding of the Swiss Confederation, 1 August (1291) Executive branch: president, vice president, Federal Council (German--Bundesrat, French--Conseil Federal) Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Assembly (German--Bundesversammlung, French--Assemblee Federale) consists of an upper council or Council of States (German--Standerat, French--Conseil des Etats) and and a lower council or National Council (German--Nationalrat, French--Conseil National) Judicial branch: Federal Supreme Court Leaders: Chief of State and Head of Government--President Arnold KOLLER (1990 calendar year; presidency rotates annually); Vice President Flavio COTTI (term runs concurrently with that of president) Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic Party (SPS), Helmut Hubacher, chairman; Radical Democratic Party (FDP), Bruno Hunziker, president; Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP), Eva Segmuller-Weber, president; Swiss People's Party (SVP), Hans Uhlmann, president; Workers' Party (PdA), Armand Magnin, secretary general; National Action Party (NA), Hans Zwicky, chairman; Independents' Party (LdU), Dr. Franz Jaeger, president; Republican Movement (Rep), Dr. James Schworzenboch, Franz Baumgartner, leaders; Liberal Party (LPS), Gilbert Coutau, president; Evangelical People's Party (EVP), Max Dunki, president; Progressive Organizations of Switzerland (POCH), Georg Degen, secretary; Federation of Ecology Parties (GP), Laurent Rebeaud, president; Autonomous Socialist Party (PSA), Werner Carobbio, secretary Suffrage: universal at age 20 Elections: Council of State--last held throughout 1987 (next to be held NA); results--percent of vote by party NA; seats--(46 total) CVP 19, FDP 14, SPS 5, SVP 4, others 4; National Council--last held 18 October 1987 (next to be held October 1991); results--FDP 22.9%, CVP 20.0%, SPS 18.4%, SVP 11.0%, GP 4.8%, others 22.9%; seats--(200 total) FDP 51, CVP 42, SPS 41, SVP 25, GP 9, others 32 Communists: 4,500 members (est.) Member of: ADB, CCC, Council of Europe, DAC, EFTA, ESA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, ICAC, ICAO, ICO, IDB--Inter-American Development Bank, IEA, IFAD, ILO, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, ITU, IWC--International Wheat Council, OECD, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG, WTO; permanent observer status at the UN Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Edouard BRUNNER; Chancery at 2900 Cathedral Avenue NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone (202) 745-7900; there are Swiss Consulates General in Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco; US--Ambassador Joseph B. GUILDENHORN;
    keywords: ---------------------------------------------------country; accounts; address; administrative; africa; age; agriculture; aid; air; air force; aircraft; airports; ambassador; april; arab; army; assembly; atlantic; august; australia; bands; bank; birth rate; births; black; blue; boundary; branch; branches; british; budget; bulk; c.i.f; cabinet; calendar; capacity; capital; capital expenditures; cargo; catholic; center; central; chairman; chancery; chemicals; chief; children; china; christian; civil; claims; climate; coffee; commitments; commodities; communications; communist; communist party; comparative; compulsory; constitution; construction; consulate; consumer; continental; council; countries; court; crops; crude; currency; dc land; death rate; debt; december; defense; defense expenditures; defense forces; democratic; development; disputes; divisions; dwt; east; economic; economy; elections; electricity; embassy; english; environment; equipment; est; ethnic; europe; exchange rate; executive; expectancy; expenditures; exports; f.o.b; fao; february; fertility rate; fishing; fit; flag; food; force government; force military; forces; foreign; forest; form; france; french; frg; fy70; g-77; gas; gatt; gauge; gdp; general; geography total; gnp; goods; government; green; groups; growth rate; grt; head; highways; hoist; holiday; house; iaea; ibrd; icao; icj; ifad; ifc; ilo; imf; imo; imports; independence; indian; industrial; industry; infant; inflation rate; inland; intelsat; international; islands; january; japan; judicial; july; june; jurisdiction; km coastline; km earth; km government; km gravel; km maritime; km ports; km total; km2; kwh; labor; labor force; labor party; land; land area; land boundaries; land land; land use; language; large; law; leaders; legislative; life; literacy; livestock; long; lubricants; machinery; mailing; major; male; manpower; manufacturing; march; marine; meadows; member; merchant; meter; migrants/1,000 population; migration rate; military; mining; minister; mortality rate; mountains; movement; muslim; national; national party; nationality; net; new; non; north; note; noun; november; ocean; october; oda; official; oil; oof; organized; overview; pacific; parties; partners; party; party na; passenger; pastures; people population; percent; permanent; petroleum; plural; population; population growth; president; prices; prime; processing; production; products; radio; railroads; rate na%; rates; reach; red; relay; religion; representation; republic; resources; results; revenues; roll; runways; san; satellite; sea; sector; september; service; shelf; ships; singular; size; socialist; south; state; suffrage; sugar; supreme; surface; surface runways; system; tanker; telecommunications; telephone; terrain; territory; textiles; timber; total area; tourism; trade; transport; tropical; type; unemployment rate; unesco; unicameral; union; united; universal; upper; upu; us$1; ussr; vote; washington; waterways; western; wheat; white; wmo; woman; woodland; workers; world; years; yellow; york; zone
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        item: #3 of 5
          id: 33153
      author: Weyl, Walter E. (Walter Edward)
       title: American World Policies
        date: None
       words: 92374
      flesch: 56
     summary: By war nations may secure markets, access to raw materials, better opportunities for investment and a firm basis for industrial progress; they may cripple troublesome competitors; they may exact indemnities. {55} CHAPTER V FACING OUTWARD While the imperialistic venture of 1898 was premature and did not lead, as had been expected, to a conscious participation of America in the international scramble for colonies, it affected our national thinking and forced us to re-consider the position of America in relation to the ambitions and plans of other great nations.
    keywords: america; britain; british; capital; cent; china; colonial; colonies; commerce; competition; conditions; control; countries; country; day; development; end; england; europe; european; export; fight; food; force; foreign; france; french; future; germany; home; imperialism; increase; industrial; industry; interest; international; investment; life; markets; means; military; millions; nations; new; peace; people; policy; population; power; present; problem; progress; resources; result; russia; sense; states; trade; united; united states; war; wars; wealth; work; world; world war; years; york
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        item: #4 of 5
          id: 4326
      author: Muir, Ramsay
       title: The Expansion of Europe; The Culmination of Modern History
        date: None
       words: 72781
      flesch: 54
     summary: It was at work also in the government of the highly developed civilisations of India, where, during this period, British power began to be boldly used to put an end to barbarous or inhumane practices which were supported or tolerated by the religious beliefs or immemorial social usages of India. Perhaps Germany might have been ready to see how far she could go with the United States, the least military of great powers.
    keywords: africa; america; britain; british; british empire; century; civilisation; colonial; colonies; control; country; dutch; east; empire; english; european; france; free; freedom; french; germany; government; history; imperial; india; influence; lands; new; peoples; period; place; policy; power; self; south; spirit; states; system; time; trade; war; way; west; western; work; world; years
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        item: #5 of 5
          id: 60262
      author: Lloyd George, David
       title: Where Are We Going?
        date: None
       words: 69854
      flesch: 66
     summary: The last conflict between great nations has exposed the devastating possibilities of modern science. I am not counselling the abandonment of the just measure of our national rights as against either of these two countries, but they are both great nations.
    keywords: allies; america; army; britain; british; case; cent; commission; conditions; conference; country; day; election; end; europe; fact; force; france; french; germany; government; international; italy; league; means; millions; nations; new; note; opinion; order; party; pay; peace; people; poincaré; policy; present; public; question; reparations; rhine; ruhr; russia; settlement; states; terms; time; trade; treaty; united; versailles; war; way; world; years
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